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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">中立型配列</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="这篇条目只存在于此语言中。添加其他语言的条目" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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<div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E7%25AB%258B%25E5%259E%258B%25E9%2585%258D%25E5%2588%2597"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E7%25AB%258B%25E5%259E%258B%25E9%2585%258D%25E5%2588%2597"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q65058146" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MorphSyntAlignSAP.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/MorphSyntAlignSAP.png/200px-MorphSyntAlignSAP.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/MorphSyntAlignSAP.png/300px-MorphSyntAlignSAP.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/MorphSyntAlignSAP.png/400px-MorphSyntAlignSAP.png 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="366" /></a><figcaption>中立型配列示意</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccf;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="配列">配列</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%AE%BE%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="主宾型配列">主宾型</a>（A=S≠P）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E9%80%9A%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="作通型配列">作通型</a>（S=P≠A）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8A%E7%89%A9%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="及物型配列">及物型</a>（A=P≠S）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E9%9D%99%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="动静型配列">动静型</a>（S<sub>A</sub>=A≠S<sub>P</sub>=P）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%88%86%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="三分型配列">三分型</a>（A≠P≠S）</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">中立型</a>（A=P=S）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E9%BB%9E%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="焦點系統">南岛型</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Morphosyntactic_alignment" title="Template:Morphosyntactic alignment"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Morphosyntactic_alignment" title="Template talk:Morphosyntactic alignment"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Morphosyntactic_alignment" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Morphosyntactic alignment"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="语言类型学">语言类型学</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E6%A7%8B%E8%A9%9E%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="語言構詞分類">按形态</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E8%AF%AD" title="分析语">分析语</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A4%E7%AB%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="孤立语">孤立语</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E8%AF%AD" title="综合语">综合语</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%88%E6%8A%98%E8%AF%AD" title="屈折语">屈折語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E7%9D%80%E8%AF%AD" title="黏着语">黏着语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%BC%8F%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E8%AF%AD" title="多式综合语">多式综合语</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;"> 按形态句法</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="配列">配列</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%AE%BE%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="主宾型配列">主宾型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E9%80%9A%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="作通型配列">作通型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8A%E7%89%A9%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="及物型配列">及物型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E9%9D%99%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="动静型配列">动静型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%88%86%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="三分型配列">三分型</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">中立型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E9%BB%9E%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="焦點系統">南岛型</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="信息结构" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Information structure"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信息结构（页面不存在）">信息结构</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_structure" class="extiw" title="en:Information structure"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Information structure</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li>格序優先</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%9D%E9%A2%98%E4%BC%98%E5%85%88%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="话题优先语言">话题优先</a></li> <li>空主语语言</li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%9E%E5%BA%8F" title="語序">按语序</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li>动宾语序 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%B3%93%E8%AA%9E%E5%BA%8F" title="主動賓語序">主动宾语序</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E4%B8%BB%E8%B3%93%E8%AA%9E%E5%BA%8F" title="動主賓語序">动主宾语序</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E8%B3%93%E4%B8%BB%E8%AA%9E%E5%BA%8F" title="動賓主語序">动宾主语序</a></li></ul></li> <li>宾动语序 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%B3%93%E5%8B%95%E8%AA%9E%E5%BA%8F" title="主賓動語序">主宾动语序</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E4%B8%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%AA%9E%E5%BA%8F" title="賓主動語序">宾主动语序</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%93%E5%8B%95%E4%B8%BB%E8%AA%9E%E5%BA%8F" title="賓動主語序">宾动主语序</a></li> <li>动词第一顺位-V1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E9%A0%86%E4%BD%8D" title="動詞第二順位">动词第二顺位</a>-V2</li></ul></li> <li>宾主语序</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82-%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95-%E5%9C%B0" title="時-方法-地">时-方法-地</a></li> <li>地-方法-时</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B%E5%AD%B8" title="Template:語言類型學"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:語言類型學（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B%E5%AD%B8" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:語言類型學"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>中立型配列</b>，又称<b>直接格配列</b>（Direct alignment）<sup id="cite_ref-tsunota_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsunota-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup>:32</sup>，是一类<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="配列">配列</a>方式，即在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A5%E6%B3%95" title="句法">句法</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%A6" title="词法学">形态</a>上，同等对待及物动词的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E4%BA%8B" title="施事">施事</a>论元、受事论元以及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%8A%E7%89%A9%E5%8B%95%E8%A9%9E" title="不及物動詞">不及物动词</a>的单一变元（<b>S=A=P</b>）。<sup id="cite_ref-tsunota_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsunota-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-comrie89_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-comrie89-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在拥有格变化的语言里，常标记为<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="直接格">直接格</a>，有时候也作<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%A0%BC" title="主格">主格</a>处理。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>呈现这种配列的语言称为<b>中立型语言</b>或者<b>直接格语言</b>。 </p><p>中立型在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6-%E9%9B%85%E5%88%A9%E5%AE%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="印度-雅利安语支">印度-雅利安语支</a>比较常见。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="汉语">汉语</a>没有格的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E5%BD%A2%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="词形变化">屈折变化</a>，故其论元也不视为拥有直接格，但在<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E6%B3%95%E5%AD%A6" title="词法学">形态</a>角度的配列上是典型的中立型语言；英语除却人称代词的部分也属于中立型。<sup id="cite_ref-tsunota_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tsunota-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-comrie89_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-comrie89-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%A0%BC" title="直接格">直接格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC_(%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95)" title="格 (语法)">格 (语法)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="配列">配列</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tsunota-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tsunota_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tsunota_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tsunota_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">角田太作. 世界の言語と日本語　言語類型論から見た日本語　改訂版. くろしお出版. 2009: 182–185 <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到日语网页">（日语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&rft.au=%E8%A7%92%E7%94%B0%E5%A4%AA%E4%BD%9C&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%81%AE%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E3%81%A8%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%80%80%E8%A8%80%E8%AA%9E%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B%E8%AB%96%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E8%A6%8B%E3%81%9F%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%80%80%E6%94%B9%E8%A8%82%E7%89%88&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=182-185&rft.pub=%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8D%E3%81%97%E3%81%8A%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-comrie89-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-comrie89_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-comrie89_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Comrie, Bernard. Language Universals and Linguistic Typology: Syntax and Morphology. University of Chicago Press. 1989. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0226114333" title="Special:网络书源/0226114333"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0226114333</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft.aulast=Comrie&rft.btitle=Language+Universals+and+Linguistic+Typology%3A+Syntax+and+Morphology&rft.date=1989&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0226114333&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Blake, Barry J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521807611">Case</a> Second edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2001: 199 [1994] <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-05-25</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190720174526/http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521807611">存档</a>于2019-07-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9E%8B%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97&rft.aufirst=Barry+J.&rft.aulast=Blake&rft.btitle=Case&rft.date=2001&rft.edition=Second+edition&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=199&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcatalogue%2Fcatalogue.asp%3Fisbn%3D0521807611&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></span></li></ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=中立型配列&oldid=72863212">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=中立型配列&oldid=72863212</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%85%8D%E5%88%97" title="Category:配列">配列</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95" title="Category:语法">语法</a></li><li><a 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