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<li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Settlement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Settlement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Settlement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Settlement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Administrative history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Districts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Districts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Districts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Districts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Governance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Greater_London_representation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greater_London_representation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Greater London representation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greater_London_representation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UK_Parliament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UK_Parliament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>UK Parliament</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UK_Parliament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Population-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Population subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ethnicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industry_and_commerce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry_and_commerce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Industry and commerce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry_and_commerce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Public transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Modernisation_of_railway_transport_in_Havering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modernisation_of_railway_transport_in_Havering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Modernisation of railway transport in Havering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modernisation_of_railway_transport_in_Havering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Travel_to_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Travel_to_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Travel to work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Travel_to_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Places_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Places_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Places of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Places_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport_and_leisure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport_and_leisure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sport and leisure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport_and_leisure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twinning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twinning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Twinning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twinning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_Care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_Care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Health Care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_Care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">London Borough of Havering</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%82_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="هیورینق لندن منطقه‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیورینق لندن منطقه‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering_(Bwrdeistref_Llundain)" title="Havering (Bwrdeistref Llundain) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Havering (Bwrdeistref Llundain)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Havering" title="London Borough of Havering – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="London Borough of Havering" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haveringi_linnaosa" title="Haveringi linnaosa – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Haveringi linnaosa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87_%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="منطقه هیورینگ لندن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منطقه هیورینگ لندن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borough_londonien_de_Havering" title="Borough londonien de Havering – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Borough londonien de Havering" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buirg_Londan_Havering" title="Buirg Londan Havering – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Buirg Londan Havering" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%B2%84%EB%A7%81%EA%B5%AC" title="헤이버링구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헤이버링구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B" title="हेवरिंग बरो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हेवरिंग बरो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering_(borgarhluti)" title="Havering (borgarhluti) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Havering (borgarhluti)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="הברינג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הברינג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering_(burgus)" title="Havering (burgus) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Havering (burgus)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiveringa" title="Heiveringa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Heiveringa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering_ker%C3%BClet" title="Havering kerület – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Havering kerület" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E5%8C%BA" title="ヘイヴァリング区 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘイヴァリング区" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Havering" title="London Borough of Havering – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="London Borough of Havering" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering_(distrikt)" title="Havering (distrikt) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Havering (distrikt)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Havering" title="London Borough of Havering – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="London Borough of Havering" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%AA%DB%92_%DA%88%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%86%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بارکنگ تے ڈیگنہیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بارکنگ تے ڈیگنہیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Havering" title="London Borough of Havering – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="London Borough of Havering" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering_(burg)" title="Havering (burg) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Havering (burg)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Хаверинг – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хаверинг" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Havering" title="London Borough of Havering – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="London Borough of Havering" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Лондонска општина Хејверинг – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лондонска општина Хејверинг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Borough_of_Havering" title="London Borough of Havering – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="London Borough of Havering" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Ноҳияи Хаверинг – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ноҳияи Хаверинг" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havering" title="Havering – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Havering" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Гейверінг (боро) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гейверінг (боро)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88_%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF" title="لندن بورو ہیورنگ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لندن بورو ہیورنگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khu_Havering_c%E1%BB%A7a_Lu%C3%A2n_%C4%90%C3%B4n" title="Khu Havering của Luân Đôn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khu Havering của Luân Đôn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="לאנדאנער בארא פון העווערינג – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לאנדאנער בארא פון העווערינג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%BC%97%E9%9D%88%E5%8D%80" title="黑弗靈區 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=London_Borough_of_Havering&params=51_33_N_00_13_E_region:GB_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°33′N</span> <span class="longitude">00°13′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.550°N 0.217°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.550; 0.217</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Havering" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Havering_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Havering (disambiguation)">Havering (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">London borough in United Kingdom</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">London Borough of Havering</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/London_boroughs" title="London boroughs">London borough</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of London Borough of Havering"><img alt="Coat of arms of London Borough of Havering" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="686" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lb_havering_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of London Borough of Havering"><img alt="Official logo of London Borough of Havering" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d4/Lb_havering_logo.svg/100px-Lb_havering_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d4/Lb_havering_logo.svg/150px-Lb_havering_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d4/Lb_havering_logo.svg/200px-Lb_havering_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="78" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Council logo</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Liberty</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Havering_in_Greater_London.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Havering shown within Greater London"><img alt="Havering shown within Greater London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Havering_in_Greater_London.svg/250px-Havering_in_Greater_London.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Havering_in_Greater_London.svg/375px-Havering_in_Greater_London.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Havering_in_Greater_London.svg/500px-Havering_in_Greater_London.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1140" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Havering shown within <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Country of the United Kingdom">Constituent country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">London</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created</th><td class="infobox-data">1 April 1965</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Admin HQ</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_borough_council" class="mw-redirect" title="London borough council">London borough council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Havering_London_Borough_Council" title="Havering London Borough Council">Havering London Borough Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • London Assembly</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Keith_Prince" title="Keith Prince">Keith Prince</a> AM for <a href="/wiki/Havering_and_Redbridge_(London_Assembly_constituency)" title="Havering and Redbridge (London Assembly constituency)">Havering and Redbridge</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 2010 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Mullane" title="Margaret Mullane">Margaret Mullane</a> (<a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Lab</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Rosindell" title="Andrew Rosindell">Andrew Rosindell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Con</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Julia_Lopez_(politician)" title="Julia Lopez (politician)">Julia Lopez</a> (Con)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">43.35 sq mi (112.27 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">184th <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_districts_by_area" title="List of English districts by area">(of 296)</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">264,703</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">67th <a href="/wiki/List_of_English_districts_by_population" title="List of English districts by population">(of 296)</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">6,100/sq mi (2,400/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%C2%B100:00" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC±00:00">UTC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Summer_Time" title="British Summer Time">BST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcodes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><a href="/wiki/RM_postcode_area" title="RM postcode area">RM</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/01708" title="01708">01708</a>, <a href="/wiki/020" title="020">020</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">GB-HAV</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ONS_coding_system" title="ONS coding system">ONS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">00AR</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/GSS_coding_system" title="GSS coding system">GSS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">E09000016</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.havering.gov.uk/">www<wbr />.havering<wbr />.gov<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>London Borough of Havering</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d9\/En-uk-LBHavering.ogg\/En-uk-LBHavering.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-uk-LBHavering.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/En-uk-LBHavering.ogg/En-uk-LBHavering.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-uk-LBHavering.ogg" title="File:En-uk-LBHavering.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>) in <a href="/wiki/East_London" title="East London">East London</a>, England, forms part of <a href="/wiki/Outer_London" title="Outer London">Outer London</a>. It has a population of 259,552 inhabitants; the principal town is <a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a>, while other communities include <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch" title="Hornchurch">Hornchurch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Collier_Row" title="Collier Row">Collier Row</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rainham,_London" title="Rainham, London">Rainham</a>. The borough is mainly suburban, with large areas of <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Green_Belt" title="Metropolitan Green Belt">protected open space</a>. Romford is a major retail and night time entertainment centre, and to the south the borough extends into the <a href="/wiki/London_Riverside" title="London Riverside">London Riverside</a> redevelopment area of the <a href="/wiki/Thames_Gateway" title="Thames Gateway">Thames Gateway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name Havering is a reference to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Liberty_of_Havering" title="Royal Liberty of Havering">Royal Liberty of Havering</a> which occupied the area for several centuries. The local authority is <a href="/wiki/Havering_London_Borough_Council" title="Havering London Borough Council">Havering London Borough Council</a>. It is the easternmost London borough. </p><p>The neighbouring districts (clockwise from south) are the London boroughs of <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Bexley" title="London Borough of Bexley">Bexley</a> (across the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a>), <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Barking_and_Dagenham" title="London Borough of Barking and Dagenham">Barking and Dagenham</a> and <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Redbridge" title="London Borough of Redbridge">Redbridge</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a> districts of <a href="/wiki/Epping_Forest_District" title="Epping Forest District">Epping Forest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Brentwood" title="Borough of Brentwood">Brentwood</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authority</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thurrock" title="Thurrock">Thurrock</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Liberty_of_Havering" title="Royal Liberty of Havering">Royal Liberty of Havering</a></div> <p>Modern settlement originated in <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon England">Anglo-Saxon</a> times when it consisted of <a href="/wiki/Havering_Palace" title="Havering Palace">Havering Palace</a> and the surrounding lands that belonged to the king. The palace itself is known to have existed since at least the reign of <a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Confessor" title="Edward the Confessor">Edward the Confessor</a> when it was one of his primary residences. The area formed a <a href="/wiki/Liberty_(division)" title="Liberty (division)">liberty</a> from 1465 which included the parishes of Havering-atte-Bower, Hornchurch and Romford. </p><p>The name Havering appears in documents from around the 12th century. The origins of this name have been debated by historians since the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> when it was linked to the legend of <a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Confessor" title="Edward the Confessor">Edward the Confessor</a> and a mystical ring returned to him by Saint <a href="/wiki/John_the_Apostle" title="John the Apostle">John the Apostle</a>. This event has been commemorated in stained glass (from about 1407) in a chapel at Romford dedicated to the king.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settlement">Settlement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Settlement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a> and fast <a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail">rail services</a> to <a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">central London</a> resulted in considerable residential land use mixed with designated parklands and farmland under the planning policy of the predecessor local authorities and current authority during the 20th century and into the early 21st century. </p><p>The development of the borough came in two distinct phases. The first <a href="/wiki/Middle_class" title="Middle class">middle class</a> suburban developments were built in the late Victorian and Edwardian period. The garden suburbs of Upminster, Emerson Park and Gidea Park (also known as Romford Garden Suburb) were spurred on by the building of the railway lines through Havering from Liverpool Street and Fenchurch Street in the late 19th century. </p><p>In the 1930s the District Line was electrified and extended to Upminster with new stations at <a href="/wiki/Elm_Park_tube_station" title="Elm Park tube station">Elm Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upminster_Bridge_tube_station" title="Upminster Bridge tube station">Upminster Bridge</a>. Also at this time new industries near the area such as the <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a> plant at <a href="/wiki/Dagenham" title="Dagenham">Dagenham</a> caused a new wave of mostly <a href="/wiki/Working_class" title="Working class">working class</a> developments along the route of the new Underground line. In addition to this, to the north of the borough, the large housing estates of <a href="/wiki/Harold_Hill" title="Harold Hill">Harold Hill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collier_Row" title="Collier Row">Collier Row</a> were constructed to deal with the chronic housing shortages and early <a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Slum clearance in the United Kingdom">slum clearance</a> programmes in central London. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_history">Administrative history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Administrative history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The borough was created in 1965 under the <a href="/wiki/London_Government_Act_1963" title="London Government Act 1963">London Government Act 1963</a>, covering the combined area of the former <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Borough_of_Romford" title="Municipal Borough of Romford">Municipal Borough of Romford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_Urban_District" title="Hornchurch Urban District">Hornchurch Urban District</a>. The area was transferred from <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a> to Greater London to become one of the 32 London Boroughs.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Romford had been a <a href="/wiki/Local_board_of_health" title="Local board of health">local board district</a> from 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was converted into an <a href="/wiki/Urban_district_(England_and_Wales)" title="Urban district (England and Wales)">urban district</a> in 1894, was enlarged in 1934 to take in the neighbouring parishes of <a href="/wiki/Havering-atte-Bower" title="Havering-atte-Bower">Havering-atte-Bower</a> and <a href="/wiki/Noak_Hill" title="Noak Hill">Noak Hill</a>, and was incorporated to become a <a href="/wiki/Municipal_borough" title="Municipal borough">municipal borough</a> in 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The parish of <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch" title="Hornchurch">Hornchurch</a> had been made an urban district in 1926, which was enlarged in 1934 to take in the parishes of <a href="/wiki/Cranham" title="Cranham">Cranham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Great_Warley" title="Great Warley">Great Warley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rainham,_London" title="Rainham, London">Rainham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wennington,_London" title="Wennington, London">Wennington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new borough was named after the former <a href="/wiki/Royal_Liberty_of_Havering" title="Royal Liberty of Havering">Royal Liberty of Havering</a>, which had covered a similar area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Districts">Districts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Districts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queens_theatre_hornchurch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Queens_theatre_hornchurch.jpg/220px-Queens_theatre_hornchurch.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Queens_theatre_hornchurch.jpg/330px-Queens_theatre_hornchurch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Queens_theatre_hornchurch.jpg/440px-Queens_theatre_hornchurch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Theatre,_Hornchurch" title="Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch">Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_Havering" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts in Havering">List of districts in Havering</a></div> <p>This pattern of the 'garden suburb' with inter- and post-war private housing developments occurred widely across the borough, with small estates of <a href="/wiki/Social_housing" class="mw-redirect" title="Social housing">social housing</a> representing a low percentage of housing in any single council ward; six of the 30 <a href="/wiki/Wards_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Wards of the United Kingdom">electoral wards</a> with fewer than 2% social housing are in the borough: Hylands, Mawneys, Pettits, Hacton and the two wards forming <a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a>, Cranham and Upminster Ward.<sup id="cite_ref-ons_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ons-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plans to extend existing developments in much of the borough are blocked as open land is protected as part of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Green_Belt" title="Metropolitan Green Belt">Metropolitan Green Belt</a>. In contrast, the southern part of Havering adjacent to the Thames is within the <a href="/wiki/London_Riverside" title="London Riverside">London Riverside</a> section of the <a href="/wiki/Thames_Gateway" title="Thames Gateway">Thames Gateway</a> redevelopment area. New open spaces and large scale house building to provide an entirely new residential community is planned. </p><p>The most built-up areas are the traditional garden suburb districts of <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch" title="Hornchurch">Hornchurch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emerson_Park" title="Emerson Park">Emerson Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gidea_Park" title="Gidea Park">Gidea Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wood" title="Harold Wood">Harold Wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a>. These places have developed over the last hundred years to form a large area of continuous <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a> with indistinct boundaries. </p><p>A 2017 study found that, when comparing low-end rent to low-end earnings, private rented housing in Havering is the most affordable of any London borough.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Named neighbourhoods are the developments of <a href="/wiki/Ardleigh_Green" title="Ardleigh Green">Ardleigh Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chase_Cross" title="Chase Cross">Chase Cross</a>, <a href="/wiki/Collier_Row" title="Collier Row">Collier Row</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elm_Park" title="Elm Park">Elm Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Hill" title="Harold Hill">Harold Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rainham,_London" title="Rainham, London">Rainham</a>. The borough's <a href="/wiki/Exurb" title="Exurb">exurbs</a> with <a href="/wiki/Buffer_zone" title="Buffer zone">green buffers</a> of farmland or parkland are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Havering-atte-Bower" title="Havering-atte-Bower">Havering-atte-Bower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ockendon" title="North Ockendon">North Ockendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noak_Hill" title="Noak Hill">Noak Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wennington,_London" title="Wennington, London">Wennington</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Havering_London_Borough_Council" title="Havering London Borough Council">Havering London Borough Council</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Havering_town_hall_london.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Havering_town_hall_london.jpg/220px-Havering_town_hall_london.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Havering_town_hall_london.jpg/330px-Havering_town_hall_london.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Havering_town_hall_london.jpg/440px-Havering_town_hall_london.jpg 2x" data-file-width="936" data-file-height="605" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Havering_Town_Hall" title="Havering Town Hall">Havering Town Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The local authority is Havering Council, based at <a href="/wiki/Havering_Town_Hall" title="Havering Town Hall">Havering Town Hall</a> (formerly Romford Town Hall) in Romford.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Havering_London_UK_blank_ward_map_2022.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Havering_London_UK_blank_ward_map_2022.svg/220px-Havering_London_UK_blank_ward_map_2022.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Havering_London_UK_blank_ward_map_2022.svg/330px-Havering_London_UK_blank_ward_map_2022.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Havering_London_UK_blank_ward_map_2022.svg/440px-Havering_London_UK_blank_ward_map_2022.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="615" /></a><figcaption>A map showing the wards of Havering since 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>Havering elects 55 councillors from 20 wards: <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p><small><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></small></p><small><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Beam_Park_(ward)" title="Beam Park (ward)">Beam Park</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranham_(ward)" title="Cranham (ward)">Cranham</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elm_Park_(ward)" title="Elm Park (ward)">Elm Park</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerson_Park_(ward)" title="Emerson Park (ward)">Emerson Park</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gooshays_(ward)" title="Gooshays (ward)">Gooshays</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacton_(ward)" title="Hacton (ward)">Hacton</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wood_(ward)" title="Harold Wood (ward)">Harold Wood</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering-atte-Bower_(ward)" title="Havering-atte-Bower (ward)">Havering-atte-Bower</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heaton_(Havering_ward)" title="Heaton (Havering ward)">Heaton</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hylands_and_Harrow_Lodge_(ward)" title="Hylands and Harrow Lodge (ward)">Hylands & Harrow Lodge</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshalls_and_Rise_Park_(ward)" title="Marshalls and Rise Park (ward)">Marshalls & Rise Park</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawneys_(ward)" title="Mawneys (ward)">Mawneys</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainham_and_Wennington_(ward)" title="Rainham and Wennington (ward)">Rainham & Wennington</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Green_and_Crowlands_(ward)" title="Rush Green and Crowlands (ward)">Rush Green & Crowlands</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Hornchurch_(ward)" title="South Hornchurch (ward)">South Hornchurch</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squirrel%27s_Heath_(ward)" class="mw-redirect" title="Squirrel's Heath (ward)">Squirrels Heath</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Alban%27s_(ward)" title="St Alban's (ward)">St Alban's</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_(ward)" class="mw-redirect" title="St Andrew's (ward)">St Andrew's</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Edward%27s_(ward)" title="St Edward's (ward)">St Edward's</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster_(ward)" title="Upminster (ward)">Upminster</a> (3)</li></ol></div></small> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greater_London_representation">Greater London representation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Greater London representation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For elections to the <a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Council" title="Greater London Council">Greater London Council</a>, the borough formed the <a href="/wiki/Havering_(electoral_division)" title="Havering (electoral division)">Havering</a> electoral division, electing three members. In 1973 it was divided into the single-member <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_(electoral_division)" title="Hornchurch (electoral division)">Hornchurch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romford_(electoral_division)" title="Romford (electoral division)">Romford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upminster_(electoral_division)" title="Upminster (electoral division)">Upminster</a> electoral divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greater London Council was abolished in 1986. </p><p>Since 2000, for elections to the <a href="/wiki/London_Assembly" title="London Assembly">London Assembly</a>, the borough forms part of the <a href="/wiki/Havering_and_Redbridge_(London_Assembly_constituency)" title="Havering and Redbridge (London Assembly constituency)">Havering and Redbridge</a> constituency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UK_Parliament">UK Parliament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: UK Parliament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until 2010 the borough was split between the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in the United Kingdom">parliamentary constituencies</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hornchurch (UK Parliament constituency)">Hornchurch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Romford (UK Parliament constituency)">Romford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Upminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Upminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Upminster</a> with the three constituencies entirely within the borough. At the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010 United Kingdom general election</a>, the boundaries of these constituencies changed to a new <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_and_Upminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hornchurch and Upminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Hornchurch and Upminster</a> constituency and Rainham became part of the new cross-borough <a href="/wiki/Dagenham_and_Rainham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dagenham and Rainham (UK Parliament constituency)">Dagenham and Rainham</a> constituency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Havering_population_pyramid.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Havering_population_pyramid.svg/220px-Havering_population_pyramid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Havering_population_pyramid.svg/330px-Havering_population_pyramid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Havering_population_pyramid.svg/440px-Havering_population_pyramid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2743" data-file-height="2163" /></a><figcaption>Population pyramid of the Borough of Havering</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2011, the borough had a population of 237,232 <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> over 43 square miles (111.4 km<sup>2</sup>). Havering has a lower population density than other London Boroughs as large areas are parkland and 23 square miles (60 km<sup>2</sup>) (more than half the borough) is <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Green_Belt" title="Metropolitan Green Belt">Metropolitan Green Belt</a> protected land. Those areas of development are extensive but rarely intensive. It has, at 4.5%, a below average unemployment rate for Greater London,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one of the lowest crime rates. </p><p>Havering has a significantly higher proportion of residents in white ethnic groups than other outer London boroughs (87.7% – <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2011">2011 census</a>). The Black African population is the most significant minority ethnic group in Havering (3.2%). The Upminster ward of the borough is the third least ethnically diverse in Greater London, with a <a href="/wiki/Diversity_index" title="Diversity index">Simpson's diversity index</a> of 1.10.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity">Ethnicity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ethnicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_ages_in_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Ethnic_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_ages_in_2021.svg/220px-Ethnic_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_ages_in_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Ethnic_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_ages_in_2021.svg/330px-Ethnic_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_ages_in_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Ethnic_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_ages_in_2021.svg/440px-Ethnic_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_ages_in_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3467" data-file-height="2309" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic makeup of Havering by single year ages in 2021</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ethnic_demography_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering_over_time_01.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ethnic_demography_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering_over_time_01.gif/220px-Ethnic_demography_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering_over_time_01.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ethnic_demography_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering_over_time_01.gif/330px-Ethnic_demography_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering_over_time_01.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ethnic_demography_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering_over_time_01.gif/440px-Ethnic_demography_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering_over_time_01.gif 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1066" /></a><figcaption>Ethnic demography of the London Borough of Havering over time</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Ethnic Group </th> <th colspan="12">Year </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">1971 estimations<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1981 estimations<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1991 census<sup id="cite_ref-:412_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:412-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2001 census<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2011 census<sup id="cite_ref-:36_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:36-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2021 census<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/White_people_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="White people in the United Kingdom">White</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>99.1% </th> <th>232,585 </th> <th>97.6% </th> <th>222,168 </th> <th>96.8% </th> <th>213,421 </th> <th>95.2% </th> <th>207,949 </th> <th>87.7% </th> <th>197,314 </th> <th>75.3% </th></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/White_British" title="White British">British</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>206,365 </td> <td>92% </td> <td>197,615 </td> <td>83.3% </td> <td>174,232 </td> <td>66.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/White_Irish" title="White Irish">Irish</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>3,390 </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>2,989 </td> <td>1.3% </td> <td>2,894 </td> <td>1.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/White_Gypsy_or_Irish_Traveller" class="mw-redirect" title="White Gypsy or Irish Traveller">Gypsy or Irish Traveller</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>160 </td> <td>– </td> <td>259 </td> <td>0.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: Roma </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>433 </td> <td>0.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>White: <a href="/wiki/Other_White" title="Other White">Other</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>3,666 </td> <td>1.6% </td> <td>7,185 </td> <td>3% </td> <td>19,496 </td> <td>7.4% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/British_Asian" class="mw-redirect" title="British Asian">Asian or Asian British</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>4,266 </th> <th>1.85% </th> <th>4,974 </th> <th>2.2% </th> <th>11,545 </th> <th>4.8% </th> <th>28,150 </th> <th>10.8% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Asian or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Indians" title="British Indians">Indian</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>2,437 </td> <td>1.1% </td> <td>2,756 </td> <td>1.2% </td> <td>5,017 </td> <td>2.1% </td> <td>11,292 </td> <td>4.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Pakistanis" title="British Pakistanis">Pakistani</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>369 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>457 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1,492 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>5,683 </td> <td>2.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Bangladeshis" title="British Bangladeshis">Bangladeshi</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>181 </td> <td>– </td> <td>216 </td> <td>– </td> <td>975 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>4,774 </td> <td>1.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian or Asian British: <a href="/wiki/British_Chinese" title="British Chinese">Chinese</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>822 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>886 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>1,459 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>2,011 </td> <td>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Asian or Asian British: Other Asian </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>457 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>659 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>2,602 </td> <td>1.1% </td> <td>4,390 </td> <td>1.7% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Black_British_people" title="Black British people">Black or Black British</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>2,166 </th> <th>0.94% </th> <th>3,139 </th> <th>1.4% </th> <th>11,481 </th> <th>4.8% </th> <th>21,567 </th> <th>8.2% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Black or Black British: <a href="/wiki/British_African-Caribbean_people" title="British African-Caribbean people">African</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>392 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1,377 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>7,581 </td> <td>3.2% </td> <td>14,138 </td> <td>5.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Black or Black British: <a href="/wiki/British_African-Caribbean_people" title="British African-Caribbean people">Caribbean</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>1,297 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>1,554 </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>2,885 </td> <td>1.2% </td> <td>4,832 </td> <td>1.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Black or Black British: <a href="/wiki/Classification_of_ethnicity_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom">Other Black</a> </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>477 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>208 </td> <td>– </td> <td>1,015 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>2,597 </td> <td>1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)" title="Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)">Mixed or British Mixed</a>: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>2,298 </th> <th>1% </th> <th>4,933 </th> <th>2.1% </th> <th>9,747 </th> <th>3.7% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed: White and Black Caribbean </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>827 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>1,970 </td> <td>0.8% </td> <td>3,224 </td> <td>1.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed: White and Black African </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>226 </td> <td>0.1% </td> <td>712 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>1,535 </td> <td>0.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed: White and Asian </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>705 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>1,154 </td> <td>0.5% </td> <td>2,344 </td> <td>0.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mixed: Other Mixed </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>540 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1,097 </td> <td>0.5% </td> <td>2,644 </td> <td>1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Other: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>– </th> <th>892 </th> <th>0.38% </th> <th>416 </th> <th>0.2% </th> <th>1,324 </th> <th>0.6% </th> <th>5,274 </th> <th>2% </th></tr> <tr> <td>Other: Arab </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>311 </td> <td>0.1% </td> <td>809 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other: Any other ethnic group </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>892 </td> <td>0.38% </td> <td>416 </td> <td>0.2% </td> <td>1,013 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>4465 </td> <td>1.7% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Ethnic minority: Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>0.9% </th> <th>5,662 </th> <th>2.4% </th> <th>7,324 </th> <th>3.17% </th> <th>10,827 </th> <th>5.8% </th> <th>29,283 </th> <th>12.3 </th> <th>64,738 </th> <th>24.7% </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <th>– </th> <th>100% </th> <th>238,247 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>229,492 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>224,248 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>237,232 </th> <th>100% </th> <th>262,052 </th> <th>100% </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Religious_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Religious_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg/220px-Religious_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Religious_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg/330px-Religious_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Religious_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg/440px-Religious_makeup_of_Havering_by_single_year_age_groups_in_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3195" data-file-height="2206" /></a><figcaption>Religious makeup of Havering by single year age groups in 2021</figcaption></figure> <p>The following table shows the religious identity of residents residing in Havering. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Religion </th> <th colspan="2">2021<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a></td> <td>136,765</td> <td>52.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Muslim</a></td> <td>16,135</td> <td>6.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a></td> <td>1,305</td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a></td> <td>6,454</td> <td>2.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikh</a></td> <td>4,498</td> <td>1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhism</a></td> <td>1,092</td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Other religion</td> <td>1,056</td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">No religion</a></td> <td>80,235</td> <td>30.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left">Religion not stated</td> <td>14,512</td> <td>5.5 </td></tr> <tr style="font-weight:bold;"> <td style="text-align:left">Total</td> <td>262,052</td> <td>100.0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Population census</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1801 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">6,370</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1811 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,028</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1821 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">8,198</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+16.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1831 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">9,036</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1841 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">10,696</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+18.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1851 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">11,492</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+7.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1861 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">12,850</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1871 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">14,208</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1881 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">15,566</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1891 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">19,041</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+22.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1901 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,853</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+30.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1911 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">32,439</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+30.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">49,681</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+53.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1931 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">76,092</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+53.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1941 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">119,292</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+56.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1951 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">187,022</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+56.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1961 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">215,404</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+15.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1971 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">248,107</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+15.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1981 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">239,769</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1991 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">232,491</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−3.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2001 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">224,248</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">237,232</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.8%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Note:<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Industry_and_commerce">Industry and commerce</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Industry and commerce"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are over 7,000 businesses based in Havering. Romford is the main <a href="/wiki/Commerce" title="Commerce">commercial</a> hub of the borough with a small district of mainly office development close to the railway station. There is also some <a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">industry</a> to the south between <a href="/wiki/Rainham,_London" title="Rainham, London">Rainham</a> and the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> such as Rainham Steel headquarters on the boundary of Elm Park. Light industry elsewhere in the borough has been in decline, with major employers such as the former <a href="/wiki/Star_Brewery" title="Star Brewery">Star Brewery</a> now closed down.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New industrial development is encouraged in the south of the borough has been encouraged by the <a href="/wiki/London_Development_Agency" title="London Development Agency">London Development Agency</a> (now <a href="/wiki/GLA_Land_and_Property" title="GLA Land and Property">GLA Land and Property</a>), with the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Engineering_and_Manufacturing_Excellence" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre for Engineering and Manufacturing Excellence">Centre for Engineering and Manufacturing Excellence</a>. </p><p>The main retail district is also located in Romford with several interconnected or neighbouring shopping arcades including the <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Shopping_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty Shopping Centre">Liberty Shopping Centre</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mercury_Shopping_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury Shopping Centre">Mercury Mall</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/The_Brewery_(shopping_centre)" title="The Brewery (shopping centre)">Brewery</a>. <a href="/wiki/Romford_Market" title="Romford Market">Romford Market</a> is located to the north of Romford and is the largest market within the borough and in the surrounding area. Hornchurch and Upminster are the other main retail centres with extensive high street shopping areas. </p><p>Romford has a developed night-time economy with one of the highest concentrations of bars and nightclubs anywhere in Greater London outside the <a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End</a> with public transport radiating into all parts of the borough. </p><p>Havering London Borough Council applied to the Government to allow a 'super-casino' to be built in the south of the borough,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however the application was rejected in May 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/M25_motorway" title="M25 motorway">M25 motorway</a> forms part of the borough boundary to the east with <a href="/wiki/North_Ockendon" title="North Ockendon">North Ockendon</a> the only settlement to fall outside. The <a href="/wiki/A12_road_(Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="A12 road (Great Britain)">A12</a> (near <a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/A13_road_(Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="A13 road (Great Britain)">A13</a> (near <a href="/wiki/Rainham,_London" title="Rainham, London">Rainham</a>) are the main trunk radial routes from central London and are located to the north and south of the borough respectively. The <a href="/wiki/A127_road" title="A127 road">A127</a> trunk route to Southend begins at <a href="/wiki/Gallows_Corner" title="Gallows Corner">Gallows Corner</a>; which also forms the eastern end of the <a href="/wiki/A118_road" title="A118 road">A118</a> local artery from Stratford. The <a href="/wiki/A124_road" class="mw-redirect" title="A124 road">A124</a> local artery from Canning Town terminates at Upminster. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HaveringLU.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/HaveringLU.svg/200px-HaveringLU.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/HaveringLU.svg/300px-HaveringLU.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/HaveringLU.svg/400px-HaveringLU.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="359" /></a><figcaption>London Underground stations in Havering</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transport">Public transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Public transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Public_transport_in_Havering" class="mw-redirect" title="Public transport in Havering">Public transport in Havering</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/District_line" title="District line">District line</a> of the <a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a> runs roughly east–west through the middle of the borough and there is an extensive network of <a href="/wiki/London_Buses" title="London Buses">London Bus</a> routes, linking all districts to Romford and other places beyond the borough.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/London,_Tilbury_and_Southend_line" title="London, Tilbury and Southend line">London, Tilbury and Southend line</a> (operated by <a href="/wiki/C2c" title="C2c">c2c</a>) passes through the borough in two places and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Eastern_Main_Line" title="Great Eastern Main Line">Great Eastern Main Line</a> passes through the north of the borough serving <a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a>, Gidea Park and Harold Wood. <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line">Elizabeth line</a> runs stopping services via the <a href="/wiki/GEML" class="mw-redirect" title="GEML">GEML</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Greater_Anglia_(train_operating_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Anglia (train operating company)">Greater Anglia</a> operate non-stop services running straight through these stations. There is also a <a href="/wiki/Romford%E2%80%93Upminster_line" title="Romford–Upminster line">branch line</a> from <a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a> to <a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a> which is currently operated by <a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground">London Overground</a>. There are proposals for transport improvements in the south of the borough where the population is expected to rise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Modernisation_of_railway_transport_in_Havering">Modernisation of railway transport in Havering</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Modernisation of railway transport in Havering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2015, stopping services operated by <a href="/wiki/Abellio_Greater_Anglia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abellio Greater Anglia">Abellio Greater Anglia</a> at the time, were replaced by <a href="/wiki/Transport_for_London" title="Transport for London">Transport for London</a>'s new railway service, <a href="/wiki/TfL_Rail" title="TfL Rail">TfL Rail</a>. These services ran new <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_345" title="British Rail Class 345">Class 345</a> trains, and occasionally some older <a href="/wiki/Class_315" class="mw-redirect" title="Class 315">Class 315</a> services. In May 2022, TfL Rail was rebranded as <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line">Elizabeth line</a>, and all Class 315 trains were scrapped. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Travel_to_work">Travel to work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Travel to work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: driving a car or van, 31.8% of all residents aged 16–74; train, 11.9%; underground, metro, light rail, tram, 6.3%; bus, minibus or coach, 5.1%; on foot, 4.1%; work mainly at or from home, 2.4%; passenger in a car or van, 2.1%.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The local newspapers in Havering are The Havering Daily and the <a href="/wiki/Romford_Recorder" title="Romford Recorder">Romford Recorder</a>. </p><p>Bedrock Radio <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a charity run community health & <a href="/wiki/Hospital_radio" title="Hospital radio">Hospital radio</a> station located within the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Hospital" title="Queen's Hospital">Queen's Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a>. </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital Radio">Hospital Radio</a> Service In Havering began broadcasting in 1964 as Harold Wood Radio.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, Bedrock Radio serves the community by broadcasting online and to <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Hospital" title="Queen's Hospital">Queen's</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_George_Hospital,_London" title="King George Hospital, London">King George</a> & <a href="/wiki/Goodmayes_Hospital" title="Goodmayes Hospital">Goodmayes</a> Hospitals and features information about the Hospitals and <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">NHS</a> services, promotes charitable and community organisations and has an extensive local events guide featuring community non-profit events. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Time_107.5" title="Time 107.5">Time 107.5 FM</a> is the commercial radio station broadcasting to Havering and surrounding areas and features local news. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Places_of_interest">Places of interest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Places of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Havering_parks_and_open_spaces" class="mw-redirect" title="Havering parks and open spaces">Havering parks and open spaces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fairkytes_arts_centre_london.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Fairkytes_arts_centre_london.jpg/220px-Fairkytes_arts_centre_london.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Fairkytes_arts_centre_london.jpg/330px-Fairkytes_arts_centre_london.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Fairkytes_arts_centre_london.jpg/440px-Fairkytes_arts_centre_london.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Fairkytes Arts Centre in <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch" title="Hornchurch">Hornchurch</a> is operated by Havering Council.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diver" title="The Diver">The Diver</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookside_Theatre" title="Brookside Theatre">Brookside Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langtons" title="Langtons">Langtons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Shopping_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty Shopping Centre">Liberty Shopping Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Theatre,_Hornchurch" title="Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch">Queen's Theatre</a></li> <li>RAF Hornchurch Heritage Centre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainham_Hall" title="Rainham Hall">Rainham Hall</a> – <a href="/wiki/National_Trust" title="National Trust">National Trust</a> house in <a href="/wiki/Rainham,_London" title="Rainham, London">Rainham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romford_Market" title="Romford Market">Romford Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romford_Garden_Suburb" title="Romford Garden Suburb">Romford Garden Suburb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster_Windmill" title="Upminster Windmill">Upminster Windmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster_Tithe_Barn_Museum_of_Nostalgia" title="Upminster Tithe Barn Museum of Nostalgia">Upminster Tithe Barn Museum of Nostalgia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport_and_leisure">Sport and leisure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sport and leisure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The London Borough of Havering has several sporting clubs: </p> <ul><li>Football <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romford_F.C." title="Romford F.C.">Romford F.C.</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Non-League_football" title="Non-League football">Non-League football</a> club who play at Rookery Hill, Corringham.<sup id="cite_ref-rom_fc_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rom_fc-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A.F.C._Hornchurch" class="mw-redirect" title="A.F.C. Hornchurch">A.F.C. Hornchurch</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Non-League_football" title="Non-League football">Non-League football</a> club who play at Hornchurch Stadium</li></ul></li> <li>Ice hockey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romford_Raiders" class="mw-redirect" title="Romford Raiders">Romford Raiders</a>, an ice hockey team who play at <a href="/wiki/Romford_Ice_Arena" title="Romford Ice Arena">Romford Ice Arena</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hockey_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hockey-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Field hockey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Havering_Hockey_Club" title="Havering Hockey Club">Havering Hockey Club</a>, who play at Campion school</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twinning">Twinning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Twinning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Havering is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ludwigshafen" title="Ludwigshafen">Ludwigshafen</a>, Germany</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesdin" title="Hesdin">Hesdin</a>, France</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" title="List of schools in the London Borough of Havering">List of schools in the London Borough of Havering</a></div> <p>The Borough is the education authority for the district providing education in a mix of <a href="/wiki/Foundation_school" title="Foundation school">foundation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Community_school_(England_and_Wales)" title="Community school (England and Wales)">community</a> and <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_aided" class="mw-redirect" title="Voluntary aided">voluntary aided</a> schools. There are also a number of <a href="/wiki/Academy_(English_school)" title="Academy (English school)">academies</a>. </p><p>Havering Adult College provides part-time day, evening and weekend adult education (19+) from sites throughout the borough.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Havering_Sixth_Form_College" title="Havering Sixth Form College">Havering Sixth Form College</a> provides sixth form education for pupils of borough schools as well as those who are resident in the borough.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Havering_College_of_Further_and_Higher_Education" title="Havering College of Further and Higher Education">Havering College of Further and Higher Education</a> provides part-time and full-time education to students aged 14+. </p><p>A 2017 study by <a href="/wiki/Trust_for_London" title="Trust for London">Trust for London</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_Policy_Institute" title="New Policy Institute">New Policy Institute</a> found that 52% of adults in Havering lack Level 3 Qualifications (A Level equivalent) – the worst level of any London borough. 44% of 19 year olds in Havering also lacked these qualifications – the second worst level in the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_Care">Health Care</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Health Care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Borough of Havering is serviced by <a href="/wiki/Barking,_Havering_and_Redbridge_University_Hospitals_NHS_Trust" title="Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust">The Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust.</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Provisions of Accident and Emergency from <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Hospital" title="Queen's Hospital">Queens Hospital, Romford.</a> During the 2019/2020 financial year Queens hospital received 309,551 patients into the A&E department.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" 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/></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Havering" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people from Havering">List of people from Havering</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Borough_of_Havering&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080406153303/http://www.havering.gov.uk/media/pdf/8/0/Contents_a-w.pdf">"Ideas for London Riverside"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. London Borough of Havering. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.havering.gov.uk/media/pdf/8/0/Contents_a-w.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ideas+for+London+Riverside&rft.pub=London+Borough+of+Havering&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.havering.gov.uk%2Fmedia%2Fpdf%2F8%2F0%2FContents_a-w.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALondon+Borough+of+Havering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=42806"><i>Parishes: Havering-atte-Bower</i></a>. A History of the County of Essex. Vol. 7. 1978. pp. 9–17<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Acts+for+Promoting+the+Public+Health%2C+1848+to+1851&rft.place=London&rft.pages=227&rft.pub=Charles+Knight&rft.date=1852&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Cuthbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP7gDAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA227&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALondon+Borough+of+Havering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10073303#tab02">"Romford Urban District / Municipal Borough"</a>. <i>A Vision of Britain through Time</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BHR+Hospitals&rft.atitle=Home&rft.aulast=Hospitals&rft.aufirst=B.+H.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bhrhospitals.nhs.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALondon+Borough+of+Havering" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/barking-havering-and-redbridge-university-hospitals-nhs-trust-ara-2019-20.pdf">Annual reports and accounts 2019/20</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). NHS Trust<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Annual+reports+and+accounts+2019%2F20&rft.pub=NHS+Trust&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.england.nhs.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2021%2F08%2Fbarking-havering-and-redbridge-university-hospitals-nhs-trust-ara-2019-20.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALondon+Borough+of+Havering" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. 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class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts in the London Borough of Havering">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardleigh_Green" title="Ardleigh Green">Ardleigh Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beam_Park" title="Beam Park">Beam Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chase_Cross" title="Chase Cross">Chase Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coldharbour,_Havering" title="Coldharbour, Havering">Coldharbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collier_Row" title="Collier Row">Collier Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranham" title="Cranham">Cranham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elm_Park" title="Elm Park">Elm Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerson_Park" title="Emerson Park">Emerson Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_Island,_London" title="Frog Island, London">Frog Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallows_Corner" title="Gallows Corner">Gallows Corner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gidea_Park" title="Gidea Park">Gidea Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacton" title="Hacton">Hacton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hill" title="Harold Hill">Harold Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Park" title="Harold Park">Harold Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wood" title="Harold Wood">Harold Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering-atte-Bower" title="Havering-atte-Bower">Havering-atte-Bower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heath_Park,_Havering" title="Heath Park, Havering">Heath Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch" title="Hornchurch">Hornchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_Marshes" title="Hornchurch Marshes">Hornchurch Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noak_Hill" title="Noak Hill">Noak Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ockendon" title="North Ockendon">North Ockendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainham,_London" title="Rainham, London">Rainham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Park" title="Rise Park">Rise Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Green,_London" title="Rush Green, London">Rush Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Hornchurch" title="South Hornchurch">South Hornchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster_Bridge" title="Upminster Bridge">Upminster Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wennington,_London" title="Wennington, London">Wennington</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Havering"><img alt="Coat of arms of Havering" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Havering.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="686" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LondonHavering.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of the London Borough of Havering in Greater London"><img alt="Location of the London Borough of Havering in Greater London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/LondonHavering.svg/100px-LondonHavering.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/LondonHavering.svg/150px-LondonHavering.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/LondonHavering.svg/200px-LondonHavering.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="962" data-file-height="744" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bretons_Manor" title="Bretons Manor">Bretons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookside_Theatre" title="Brookside Theatre">Brookside Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEME" title="CEME">CEME</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diver" title="The Diver">The Diver</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering_Museum" title="Havering Museum">Havering Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langtons" title="Langtons">Langtons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Theatre,_Hornchurch" title="Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch">Queen's Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainham_Hall" title="Rainham Hall">Rainham Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainham_War_Memorial" title="Rainham War Memorial">Rainham War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rom" title="The Rom">The Rom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster_Tithe_Barn_Museum_of_Nostalgia" title="Upminster Tithe Barn Museum of Nostalgia">Tithe Barn Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster_Windmill" title="Upminster Windmill">Upminster Windmill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Brewery_(shopping_centre)" title="The Brewery (shopping centre)">The Brewery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Liberty" title="The Liberty">The Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mercury_Mall" title="The Mercury Mall">The Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romford_Market" title="Romford Market">Romford Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places of worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Church,_Hornchurch" title="St Andrew's Church, Hornchurch">St Andrew, Hornchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Edward_the_Confessor,_Romford" title="Church of St Edward the Confessor, Romford">St Edward the Confessor, Romford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Edward_the_Confessor_Catholic_Church,_Romford" title="St Edward the Confessor Catholic Church, Romford">St Edward the Confessor Catholic, Romford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Helen_and_St_Giles" title="Church of St Helen and St Giles">St Helen and St Giles, Rainham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_John_the_Evangelist,_Havering-atte-Bower" title="Church of St John the Evangelist, Havering-atte-Bower">St John the Evangelist, Havering-atte-Bower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Parish_Church,_South_Hornchurch" title="St John's Parish Church, South Hornchurch">St John, South Hornchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Laurence,_Upminster" title="Church of St Laurence, Upminster">St Laurence, Upminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Mary_Magdalene,_North_Ockendon" title="Church of St Mary Magdalene, North Ockendon">St Mary Magdalene, North Ockendon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parks_and_open_spaces_in_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" title="Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Havering">Parks and open spaces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedfords_Park" title="Bedfords Park">Bedfords Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranham_Brickfields" title="Cranham Brickfields">Cranham Brickfields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranham_Marsh" title="Cranham Marsh">Cranham Marsh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagenham_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dagenham Park (page does not exist)">Dagenham Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainault_Forest" title="Hainault Forest">Hainault Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_Lodge_Park" title="Harrow Lodge Park">Harrow Lodge Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havering_Country_Park" title="Havering Country Park">Havering Country Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haynes_Park_(London)" title="Haynes Park (London)">Haynes Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_Country_Park" title="Hornchurch Country Park">Hornchurch Country Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hylands_Park_(London)" title="Hylands Park (London)">Hylands Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrebourne_Marshes" title="Ingrebourne Marshes">Ingrebourne Marshes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrebourne_Valley" title="Ingrebourne Valley">Ingrebourne Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodge_Farm_Park" title="Lodge Farm Park">Lodge Farm Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pages_Wood" title="Pages Wood">Pages Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrgo_Park" title="Pyrgo Park">Pyrgo Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainham_Marshes_Nature_Reserve" title="Rainham Marshes Nature Reserve">Rainham Marshes Nature Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Park" title="Raphael Park">Raphael Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Andrew%27s_Park" title="St Andrew's Park">St Andrew's Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tylers_Common" title="Tylers Common">Tylers Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weald_Brook" title="Weald Brook">Weald Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildspace_Conservation_Park" title="Wildspace Conservation Park">Wildspace Conservation Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Politics">Constituencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagenham_and_Rainham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dagenham and Rainham (UK Parliament constituency)">Dagenham and Rainham</a> (part)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_and_Upminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hornchurch and Upminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Hornchurch and Upminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Romford (UK Parliament constituency)">Romford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Transport">Tube and rail stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Elm_Park_tube_station" title="Elm Park tube station">Elm Park</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Emerson_Park_railway_station" title="Emerson Park railway station">Emerson Park</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line"><img alt="Elizabeth line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gidea_Park_railway_station" title="Gidea Park railway station">Gidea Park</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line"><img alt="Elizabeth line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wood_railway_station" title="Harold Wood railway station">Harold Wood</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_tube_station" title="Hornchurch tube station">Hornchurch</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Rainham_railway_station_(London)" title="Rainham railway station (London)">Rainham</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line"><img alt="Elizabeth line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Romford_railway_station" title="Romford railway station">Romford</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Upminster_station" title="Upminster station">Upminster</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Upminster_Bridge_tube_station" title="Upminster Bridge tube station">Upminster Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Havering_London_Borough_Council" title="Havering London Borough Council">Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_and_II*_listed_buildings_in_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" title="Grade I and II* listed buildings in the London Borough of Havering">Grade I and II* listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" title="List of people from the London Borough of Havering">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" title="List of public art in the London Borough of Havering">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_in_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" title="Public transport in the London Borough of Havering">Public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_London_Borough_of_Havering" title="List of schools in the London Borough of Havering">Schools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:London_Borough_of_Havering" title="Category:London Borough of Havering">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:London_Borough_of_Havering" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:London Borough of Havering"><b>Commons</b></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governance_of_Greater_London" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governance_of_Greater_London" title="Template:Governance of Greater London"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governance_of_Greater_London" title="Template talk:Governance of Greater London"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governance_of_Greater_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governance of Greater London"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governance_of_Greater_London" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Governance of <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Authority" title="Greater London Authority">Greater London Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Assembly" title="London Assembly">London Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_London" title="Mayor of London">Mayor of London</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ceremonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>City of London <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London" title="Lord Mayor of London">Lord Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_the_City_of_London" title="Lord Lieutenant of the City of London">Lord Lieutenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheriffs_of_the_City_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheriffs of the City of London">Sheriffs</a></li></ul></li> <li>Greater London <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord-Lieutenant_of_Greater_London" title="Lord-Lieutenant of Greater London">Lord Lieutenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Greater_London" title="High Sheriff of Greater London">High Sheriff</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_Councils" title="London Councils">London Councils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_boroughs" title="London boroughs">Boroughs</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_London_boroughs" title="List of London boroughs">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Barking_and_Dagenham" title="London Borough of Barking and Dagenham">Barking and Dagenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Barnet" title="London Borough of Barnet">Barnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Bexley" title="London Borough of Bexley">Bexley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Brent" title="London Borough of Brent">Brent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Bromley" title="London Borough of Bromley">Bromley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Camden" title="London Borough of Camden">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Croydon" title="London Borough of Croydon">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Ealing" title="London Borough of Ealing">Ealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Enfield" title="London Borough of Enfield">Enfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Borough_of_Greenwich" title="Royal Borough of Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Hackney" title="London Borough of Hackney">Hackney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Hammersmith_and_Fulham" title="London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham">Hammersmith and Fulham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Haringey" title="London Borough of Haringey">Haringey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Harrow" title="London Borough of Harrow">Harrow</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Havering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Hillingdon" title="London Borough of Hillingdon">Hillingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Hounslow" title="London Borough of Hounslow">Hounslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Islington" title="London Borough of Islington">Islington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Borough_of_Kensington_and_Chelsea" title="Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea">Kensington and Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Borough_of_Kingston_upon_Thames" title="Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames">Kingston upon Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lambeth" title="London Borough of Lambeth">Lambeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Lewisham" title="London Borough of Lewisham">Lewisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Merton" title="London Borough of Merton">Merton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Newham" title="London Borough of Newham">Newham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Redbridge" title="London Borough of Redbridge">Redbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Richmond_upon_Thames" title="London Borough of Richmond upon Thames">Richmond upon Thames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Southwark" title="London Borough of Southwark">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Sutton" title="London Borough of Sutton">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Tower Hamlets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Waltham_Forest" title="London Borough of Waltham Forest">Waltham Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Wandsworth" title="London Borough of Wandsworth">Wandsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Westminster" title="City of Westminster">Westminster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corporation_of_the_City_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporation of the City of London">City of London</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Temple" title="Inner Temple">Inner Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Temple" title="Middle Temple">Middle Temple</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_local_government_in_London" title="History of local government in London">Historical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Board_of_Works" title="Metropolitan Board of Works">Metropolitan Board of Works</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(MBW) 1855–1889</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_County_Council" title="London County Council">London County Council</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(LCC) 1889–1965</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Council" title="Greater London Council">Greater London Council</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(GLC) 1965–1986</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_London_government" title="List of heads of London government">Leaders</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215038#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215038#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215038#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404597211">ISNI</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4249096-0">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/b60bfcef-e8b5-4e56-b229-d5f4cd9fc1c5">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=London_Borough_of_Havering&params=51_33_N_00_13_E_region:GB_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°33′N</span> <span class="longitude">00°13′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.550°N 0.217°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.550; 0.217</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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