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Tantôt considérées comme dangereux (quand ils nous rendent malades), tantôt comme nos meilleurs amis (quand ils font du bien à notre flore intestinale), ces micro-organismes ont de multiples facettes. 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.elementor-element.elementor-element-d48266c{--content-width:100%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-151331c{--width:14%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-347d27a{--width:75%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-77923f7{--width:8%;}}@media(max-width:1200px) and (min-width:768px){.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d48266c{--content-width:100%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-151331c{--width:20%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-347d27a{--width:68%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-77923f7{--width:12%;}}@media(max-width:1024px) and (min-width:768px){.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d48266c{--content-width:98%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-151331c{--width:20%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-347d27a{--width:60%;}.elementor-32 .elementor-element.elementor-element-77923f7{--width:20%;}}/* Start custom CSS for 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url('https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Montserrat-ExtraBold.woff2') format('woff2'); } @font-face { font-family: 'Montserrat'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; font-display: auto; src: url('https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Montserrat-Medium1.woff2') format('woff2'); } @font-face { font-family: 'Montserrat'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 700; font-display: auto; src: url('https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Montserrat-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'); } /* End Custom Fonts CSS */ .elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-7a9f242{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--gap:0px 0px;--background-transition:0.3s;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:30px;--padding-bottom:30px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-331 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.elementor-element.elementor-element-2f05c1b .elementor-social-icon:hover{background-color:var( --e-global-color-99d9f41 );}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2f05c1b .elementor-social-icon:hover i{color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2f05c1b .elementor-social-icon:hover svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-secondary );}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2f05c1b > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b5da41d{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:center;--gap:0px 0px;--background-transition:0.3s;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a2612bc img{width:150px;}.elementor-331 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.elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item.highlighted, .elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8bf4e7d .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item:focus{color:#B6CA67;fill:#B6CA67;}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8bf4e7d .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item.elementor-item-active{color:#B6CA67;}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8bf4e7d > .elementor-widget-container{margin:18px 0px -18px 0px;}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8bf4e7d{width:var( --container-widget-width, 186px );max-width:186px;--container-widget-width:186px;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f6e6d7d .elementor-nav-menu .elementor-item{font-family:"Open Sans", Sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;}.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f6e6d7d .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-item{color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );fill:var( --e-global-color-secondary 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.elementor-element.elementor-element-c7bea4f{--width:33%;}}@media(max-width:1024px) and (min-width:768px){.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-7a9f242{--content-width:700px;}}/* Start custom CSS for social-icons, class: .elementor-element-2f05c1b */.elementor-icon.elementor-social-icon.elementor-social-icon-.elementor-repeater-item-324209f svg { width: 18px; }/* End custom CSS */ /* Start custom CSS for icon, class: .elementor-element-6757b79 */.elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6757b79 svg:hover circle { fill: #B6CA67; transition: 0.4s; } .elementor-331 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6757b79 { opacity: 0.7; }/* End custom CSS */ /* Start custom CSS for nav-menu, class: .elementor-element-8bf4e7d */a { color: inherit; }/* End custom CSS */ /* Start custom CSS for nav-menu, class: .elementor-element-f6e6d7d */a { color: inherit; }/* End custom CSS */ /* Start custom CSS for text-editor, class: .elementor-element-c389552 */.elementor-331 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class="e-con-inner"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-56a54a4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="56a54a4" data-element_type="container"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-994a932 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="994a932" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"_animation":"fadeInUp"}" data-widget_type="heading.default"><div class="elementor-widget-container"><h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Plongez au cœur du métabolisme bactérien !</h1></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-204fbe4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="204fbe4" data-element_type="container"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-97336e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="97336e1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"><div class="elementor-widget-container"><p>Par :</p></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d21244d elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info" data-id="d21244d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="post-info.default"><div class="elementor-widget-container"><ul class="elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info"><li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-e43192e elementor-inline-item" itemprop="author"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author"> Marie-Gabrielle Jouan </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3b65805 elementor-align-center elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info" data-id="3b65805" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="post-info.default"><div class="elementor-widget-container"><ul class="elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info"><li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-e43192e elementor-inline-item" itemprop="datePublished"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date"> <span class="elementor-post-info__item-prefix">Publié le : </span> <time>25 avril 2024</time> </span></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4926786 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="4926786" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"><div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIxNTM2IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwMjQiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxNTM2IDEwMjQiPjxyZWN0IHdpZHRoPSIxMDAlIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEwMCUiIHN0eWxlPSJmaWxsOiNjZmQ0ZGI7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OiAwLjE7Ii8+PC9zdmc+" loading="lazy" width="1536" height="1024" data-src="https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Boite-de-Petri-contenant-une-colonie-de-bacteries-1536x1024.jpg" class="attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536 wp-image-2565" alt="Maîtriser le métabolisme bactérien est fondamental dans le domaine des biotechnologies" data-srcset="https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Boite-de-Petri-contenant-une-colonie-de-bacteries-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Boite-de-Petri-contenant-une-colonie-de-bacteries-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Boite-de-Petri-contenant-une-colonie-de-bacteries-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Boite-de-Petri-contenant-une-colonie-de-bacteries-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Boite-de-Petri-contenant-une-colonie-de-bacteries-18x12.jpg 18w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Boite-de-Petri-contenant-une-colonie-de-bacteries.jpg 2000w" data-sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-40935a0 elementor-widget__width-auto 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transform="rotate(90 30.4532 30.4532)" fill="#0E1312"></circle><path d="M30.4889 48.2439C30.8794 48.6345 31.5126 48.6345 31.9031 48.2439L38.2671 41.88C38.6576 41.4895 38.6576 40.8563 38.2671 40.4658C37.8766 40.0752 37.2434 40.0752 36.8529 40.4658L31.196 46.1226L25.5392 40.4658C25.1486 40.0752 24.5155 40.0752 24.1249 40.4658C23.7344 40.8563 23.7344 41.4895 24.1249 41.88L30.4889 48.2439ZM30.196 16.3408L30.196 47.5368H32.196V16.3408H30.196Z" fill="white"></path></svg> </a></div></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8b25746 elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-absolute elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="8b25746" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"_position":"absolute","motion_fx_motion_fx_mouse":"yes","motion_fx_mouseTrack_effect":"yes","motion_fx_mouseTrack_speed":{"unit":"px","size":0.5,"sizes":[]},"motion_fx_tilt_effect":"yes","motion_fx_tilt_direction":"negative","motion_fx_tilt_speed":{"unit":"px","size":3.4,"sizes":[]}}" data-widget_type="image.default"><div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIyMTIiIGhlaWdodD0iMTc5IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMjEyIDE3OSI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6I2NmZDRkYjtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6IDAuMTsiLz48L3N2Zz4=" loading="lazy" width="212" height="179" data-src="https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/12-1.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-6274" alt="" data-srcset="https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/12-1.png 212w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/12-1-14x12.png 14w" data-sizes="(max-width: 212px) 100vw, 212px" /></div></div></div></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-71a9eb9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="71a9eb9" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"gradient"}"><div class="e-con-inner"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ec7844f elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-content" data-id="ec7844f" data-element_type="widget" id="scroll" data-settings="{"_animation":"fadeIn"}" data-widget_type="theme-post-content.default"><div class="elementor-widget-container"><p>Le monde des bactéries est fascinant. Tantôt considérées comme dangereux (quand ils nous rendent malades), tantôt comme nos meilleurs amis (quand ils font du bien à notre flore intestinale), ces micro-organismes ont de multiples facettes.</p><p>Dans cet article, nous allons nous intéresser aux bactéries en général et à leur métabolisme en particulier : leur structure, leur milieu de vie, leur développement et aux prouesses qu’elles sont capables de réaliser quand on sait <a href="https://bgene.fr/les-biotechnologies-peuvent-elles-revolutionner-notre-quotidien-et-nous-aider-a-preserver-lenvironnement/">les programmer et exploiter leur potentiel.</a></p><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Petit glossaire du vivant</h2><p>Avant d’aller plus loin, il nous semble nécessaire de bien situer les bactéries par rapport aux autres êtres vivants qui peuplent la planète. Pour cela, il faut s’attarder sur les caractéristiques de la plus petite unité fonctionnelle et structurelle commune à tous les êtres vivants connus : la cellule.</p><p>On distingue ainsi deux grandes familles :</p><ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Les <strong>eucaryotes</strong>, qu’ils soient uni ou multicellulaires, sont caractérisés par la présence d’un noyau à l’intérieur de leurs cellules. Le domaine eucaryote englobe cinq des sept grands règnes de la taxonomie du vivant : les <strong>animaux</strong>, les <strong>champignons</strong>, les <strong>plantes</strong>, les <strong>protozoaires</strong> (de minuscules organismes unicellulaires aquatiques) et les <strong>chromistes</strong> (auxquels appartiennent par exemple les algues brunes).</li><li>Les <strong>procaryotes</strong> sont des micro-organismes unicellulaires qui se distinguent par leur absence de noyau. Ils sont uniquement formés d’une membrane renfermant le cytoplasme intracellulaire, riche en enzymes, acides aminés, protéines, etc. Les procaryotes rassemblent deux derniers grand règnes du vivant : les <strong>archées</strong> et les <strong>bactéries</strong>.</li></ul><p>Les bactéries sont une famille très nombreuse dont on découvre <strong>de nouveaux membres presque quotidiennement</strong>. Elles se différencient notamment par le milieu où elles vivent, mais aussi par la présence (ou l’absence) d’un pouvoir pathogène. En effet, toutes les bactéries ne sont pas vectrices de maladie !</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Les bactéries, amies ou ennemies ?</h2><p>Les bactéries jouent un rôle crucial pour la santé de tous les êtres vivants. Leurs effets peuvent être<strong> positifs ou négatifs</strong> selon leur impact sur leur hôte ou leur environnement.</p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Chez les animaux (dont l’humain fait partie !) :</h3><p>Dans la catégorie des bonnes bactéries, on compte évidemment les célèbres <strong>probiotiques</strong>, bénéfiques pour la santé digestive et les fonctions immunitaires. Parmi les souches de probiotiques les plus connues sont <em>Lactobacillus</em> (<em>rhamnosus</em>, <em>helveticus</em>, <em>lactis</em> ou encore <em>plantarum</em>), <em>Bifidobacterium longum</em> et <em>Streptococcus thermophilus</em>.</p><p>Mais des bactéries peuvent devenir pathogènes dans certaines conditions, comme <em>Escherichia coli</em> ou <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, qui peuvent <strong>causer des infections</strong> si elles pénètrent dans le corps ou si le système immunitaire est affaibli.</p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Chez les plantes :</h3><p>Certaines bactéries comme <em>Rhizobium</em> vivent en symbiose avec les plantes. Elles fixent l’azote atmosphérique, le convertissant en <strong>une forme assimilable cruciale pour la croissance</strong> de ces dernières.</p><p>Du côté des mauvaises bactéries, on peut citer <em>Xanthomonas</em>, responsable de maladies comme la tache bactérienne ou la pourriture noire. Cet agent pathogène touche plus particulièrement les cultures de riz, de tomates, de soja et de fruits comme, la cerise, la pêche ou la prune, <strong>entrainant d’importantes pertes alimentaires et financières.</strong></p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Dans les écosystèmes aquatiques :</h3><p>Les cyanobactéries photosynthétiques produisent de l’oxygène et sont essentielles pour les écosystèmes aquatiques, notamment par <strong>le rôle qu’elles jouent dans la chaîne alimentaire</strong>.<br>Mais certaines variétés de ces cyanobactéries produisent des cyanotoxines, qui peuvent <strong>contaminer l’eau et causer des problèmes de santé</strong>.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Les bactéries, ça vit comment ?</h2><p>Venons-en enfin au métabolisme énergétique.</p><p>Ce terme désigne <strong>l’ensemble des réactions biochimiques engagées par un organisme pour favoriser sa croissance et sa survie</strong>. Une bactérie doit donc trouver dans un environnement ou un substrat adapté les éléments nécessaires pour répondre à ses besoins physiologiques.</p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Un milieu de vie et de culture favorable</h3><p>Ces composants doivent être présents dans un milieu où les conditions de température, de pH, de pression osmotique, etc. sont favorables. <strong>Chaque bactérie a ses caractéristiques métaboliques propres</strong>.</p><p>Par exemple :</p><ul class="wp-block-list"><li><strong><em>Escherichia coli</em></strong> se développe entre 10°C et 45°C, avec une température idéale de 37°C, alors que <strong><em>Pyrobacterium brockii</em></strong> prospère entre 80°C et 115°C avec une zone optimale comprise entre 102°C et 105°C.</li><li>Les bactéries préfèrent un pH neutre ou légèrement alcalin (7 –7.5) mais les limites sont très larges. Ainsi <strong><em>Escherichia coli</em></strong> se cultive dans un pH allant de 4.4 à 8, <strong>Lactobacillus acidophilus</strong> exige un pH plutôt acide, voisin de 6, alors que <strong><em>Nitrobacter sp.</em></strong> peut vivre jusqu’à pH 10.</li></ul><p>Si ces conditions particulières ne sont pas respectées, la bactérie pourra être inhibée et ne pas pouvoir se développer.</p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Des sources d’énergie différentes</h3><p>Pour synthétiser ses constituants et se déplacer, <strong>une bactérie doit consommer de l’énergie</strong> qu’elle puise dans une quantité plus ou moins importante de substances minérales et organiques : les nutriments. Cette énergie est obtenue soit :</p><ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Par le biais de la <strong>photosynthèse</strong>, le processus par lequel l’énergie lumineuse est convertie en énergie chimique stockée dans des molécules de glucose. Ce processus s’accompagne de l’absorption de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) et de la libération d’oxygène (O2).</li><li>Par des <strong>réactions d’oxydoréduction</strong>, c’est à dire la dégradation de composés organiques comme les sucres, les acides gras ou les protéines. Un peu comme pour la digestion humaine.</li></ul><p>Lorsque ces réactions sont équilibrées de manière adéquate, elles favorisent la croissance et la reproduction de l’organisme. En revanche, en cas de dysrégulation, elles peuvent entraîner sa mort.</p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Avec ou sans oxygène ?</h3><p>Pour finir ce tour d’horizon sur leur métabolisme, il faut savoir que chez les bactéries, <strong>l’oxygène n’est pas toujours nécessaire</strong>. Selon qu’elles ont besoin ou pas d’O2, on distingue les types de bactéries suivants :</p><ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Les <strong>bactéries aérobies strictes</strong> qui ne peuvent vivre qu’en présence d’oxygène de l’air.</li><li>Les <strong>bactéries anaérobies strictes</strong> pour qui l’oxygène est toxique qui leur est toxique.</li><li>Les <strong>bactéries aéro-anaérobies facultatives</strong> qui se développent aussi bien en présence qu’en absence d’oxygène. Elles sont particulières car les enzymes qu’elles contiennent leur permettent d’utiliser l’oxygène s’il est présent ou la voie fermentaire quand il est absent.</li><li>Les <strong>bactéries micro aérophiles</strong> ne se reproduisent qu’en présence d’une faible pression d’oxygène.</li><li>Les <strong>bactéries anaérobies aéro-tolérantes</strong> supportent l’oxygène mais ne peuvent pas l’utiliser. Elles tirent leur énergie exclusivement de la fermentation.</li></ul><p>A travers cet aperçu bien loin d’être exhaustif des différents types de bactéries, vous pouvez vous rendre compte que le choix est large quand il s’agit de les sélectionner et de les cultiver.</p><figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIxMDI0IiBoZWlnaHQ9IjY4MiIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDEwMjQgNjgyIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBzdHlsZT0iZmlsbDojY2ZkNGRiO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eTogMC4xOyIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" fetchpriority="high" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="682" data-src="https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Chercheur-travaillant-sur-les-bacteries-1024x682.jpg" alt="Le métabolisme bactérien est étudié en profondeur par les scientifiques" class="wp-image-2566" style="width:999px;height:auto" data-srcset="https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Chercheur-travaillant-sur-les-bacteries-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Chercheur-travaillant-sur-les-bacteries-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Chercheur-travaillant-sur-les-bacteries-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Chercheur-travaillant-sur-les-bacteries-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Chercheur-travaillant-sur-les-bacteries-18x12.jpg 18w, https://www.bgene.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Chercheur-travaillant-sur-les-bacteries.jpg 2000w" data-sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure><h2 class="wp-block-heading">Quelles applications s’appuient le métabolisme bactérien ?</h2><p>Ces dernières années, la richesse bactérienne et microbienne combinée aux avancées scientifiques a permis la mise au point de procédés remarquables. Voici deux exemples de ces avancées.</p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">Les bactéries au secours de la planète</h3><p>Les bactéries sont l’un des éléments de base employés dans les <a href="https://bgene.fr/biotechnologies-blanches-qui-sont-elles/">biotechnologies blanches</a>. Elles sont utilisées notamment dans <strong>le traitement des eaux usées pour éliminer les polluants</strong>. Elles s’y nourrissent des matières organiques présentes dans ces eaux usées ou dans les déchets, et les transforment en substances inoffensives pour l’environnement. Cet usage des bactéries est reconnu comme une approche écologique et économique car elles exploitent des processus naturels pour éliminer les polluants ou produire des énergies renouvelables telles que le méthane.</p><p>Les bonnes bactéries sont également utilisées pour <strong>la production de biocarburants</strong> ou encore dans la fabrication de <a href="https://bgene.fr/la-fermentation-la-plus-moderne-des-techniques-ancestrales/">produits laitiers fermentés</a> comme le yogourt. Elles sont également essentielles pour <strong>le recyclage des nutriments dans les écosystèmes, contribuant à la santé du sol et à la productivité agricole</strong>.</p><h3 class="wp-block-heading">BGene utilise les bactéries pour produire autrement</h3><p>Dans notre laboratoire de microbiologie, nous voyons les bactéries comme des micro-usines dont la machinerie interne (leur métabolisme) est capable de <strong>produire tout ce qu’on veut si on a les bons outils pour la customiser.</strong> Nous sommes des experts du génie génétique bactérien et à ce titre, des experts du métabolisme.</p><p>Nos premières innovations portaient sur des outils génétiques innovants pour modifier/orienter le métabolisme à notre façon. Aujourd’hui, grâce à nos outils informatiques (<a href="https://bgene.fr/in-silico-la-revolution-des-simulations-informatiques/">MAD4Bio notamment</a>), nous sommes en capacité de <strong>faire des réglages toujours plus fins et toujours plus précis pour atteindre la molécule souhaitée</strong>.</p><p>En début de chaîne, nos BGeners utilisent leurs compétences en biologie moléculaire et en biologie de synthèse pour conférer aux bactéries de nouvelles fonctionnalités, en les dotant de réactions métaboliques qu’elles ne seraient pas capables de réaliser naturellement.</p><p>Ensuite, durant le procédé de fermentation de précision, ces bactéries se nourrissent de matières premières renouvelables sélectionnées et produisent les métabolites pour lesquels nous les avons programmées :</p><ul class="wp-block-list"><li>Fragrances et de parfums pour l’industrie cosmétique.</li><li>Précurseurs d’arômes alimentaires.</li><li>Molécules pour l’industrie pharmaceutique.</li></ul><div 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