{"title":"Effect of Butt Joint Distortion and Comparison Study on Ti\/Al Dissimilar Metal Using Laser Beam Welding","authors":"K. Kalaiselvan, A. Elango","volume":107,"journal":"International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering","pagesStart":2003,"pagesEnd":2012,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/10003481","abstract":"In general, it is desirable to finish the weld quickly,<br \/>\r\nbefore a large volume of surrounding metal heats up and expands.<br \/>\r\nThe welding process used, type, welding current and speed of travel,<br \/>\r\nthus, affect the degree of shrinkage and distortion of a weldment. The<br \/>\r\nuse of mechanized welding equipment reduces welding time, metal<br \/>\r\naffected zone and consequently distortion. This article helps to define<br \/>\r\nwhat weld distortion is and then provide a practical understanding of<br \/>\r\nthe causes of distortion, effects of shrinkage in butt joint welded<br \/>\r\nassemblies using TI6AL4VA and Aluminium AA2024 alloy sheet.<br \/>\r\nThe beam offset position to the joint interface towards titanium and<br \/>\r\naluminium side. The factors affecting distortion during welding is<br \/>\r\nalso given. Test results reveal that welding speed is the significant<br \/>\r\nparameter to decide the extent of distortion. Also welding from Al<br \/>\r\nside reduces the distortion while Ti side increases the distortion.","references":"[1] I. J. Polmear: \u201cControl of precipitation processes and properties in aged\r\naluminium alloys by trace element additions\u201d, The Japan Inst. of Light\r\nMetals, 1998, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 75\u201386.\r\n[2] Y. C. Chen and K. Nakata, \u201cMicrostructural characterization and\r\nmechanical properties in friction stir welding of aluminum and titanium\r\ndissimilar alloys\u201d, Materials and Design, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 469-474,\r\n2009.\r\n[3] Katayama Seiji, \u201cLaser welding\u201d, Journal of the Japan welding society,\r\nvol. 78, no. 2, pp. 124-138, 2009 (in Japanese).\r\n[4] Katayama Seiji, \u201cLaser welding for manufacturing innovation\u201d, Journal\r\nof the Japan welding society, vol. 78, no. 8, pp. 682-692, 2009 (in\r\nJapanese).\r\n[5] A. K. Mukhopadhyay, G. J. Shiflet, and E. A. Starke, \u201cThe role of trace\r\nalloy additions on precipitation in age hardenable aluminium alloys\u201d. In\r\nMorris E. Fine Symposium, pp. 283\u2013293 (1991).\r\n[6] P L. Threadgill, \u201cThe prospects for joining titanium aluminides\u201d (J).\r\nMater SciEng A, 1995, 192\u2212193: 640\u2212646.\r\n[7] I.J. Polmear, \u201cLight Alloys, from traditional alloy to nanocrystals\u201d, 4th\r\nedn, (2006), Butterworth-Heinemann.\r\n[8] L.W. Tsay and C.Y. Tsay, \u201cThe effect of microstructures on the fatigue\r\ncrack growth in Ti6Al4V laser welds\u201d, Int. J. Fatigue, (1997), 19 (10),\r\n713-720.\r\n[9] F.J. Gil, M.P Ginebra, J.M. Manero and J.A. Planell, \u201cFormation of \u03b1-\r\nWidmanst\u00e4tten structure: effect of grain size and cooling rate on the Widmanst\u00e4tten morphologies and on the mechanical properties in\r\nTi6Al4V alloy\u201d, Journal of Alloy and compounds, (2001), 329,142-152.\r\n[10] American Welding Society: Recommended Practices for Laser Beam\r\nWelding, Cutting and Drilling, (1998), AWS\/ANSI.\r\n[11] P. Balashanmugam and G. Balasubramaian, \u201cControl of Distortion\r\nDuring Welding and Stress Relieving of BURNER Panel Assembly\u201d,\r\nVolume: 4 | Issue: 4 | Apr 2014 | ISSN - 2249-555X.\r\n[12] Michaleris I P and Sun X, \u201cFinite element analysis of thermal tensioning\r\ntechniques mitigating weld buckling distortion\u201d (J). Welding Journal,\r\n1997, 76(11): 451\u2212457.\r\n[13] Park J U, Lee H W and Bangh H S, \u201ceffect of mechanical constraints on\r\nangular distortion of welding joints\u201d, (J). Science and Technology of\r\nWelding and Joining, 2002, 7(4): 232\u2212239.\r\n[14] Miyasaka F, Yamane Y and Ohji T, \u201cDevelopment of circumferential\r\nTIG welding process model: A simulation model for welding of pipe and\r\nplate\u201d, (J). Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2005,\r\n10(5): 521\u2212527.\r\n[15] Gery D, Long H and Maropoulos P, \u201cEffects of welding speed, energy\r\ninput and heat source distribution on temperature variations in butt joint\r\nwelding\u201d (J). Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2005, 167:\r\n393\u2212401.\r\n[16] Song.N, Nakata.K, Wu.A and Liao, \u201cInterfacial microstructure and\r\nmechanical property of TI6AL4V\/6061 dissimilar joint by direct laser\r\nbrazing without filler metal and groove\u201d, Mat.Sci.Eng.A560,111-\r\n120(2013).\r\n[17] Caiazzo.F, Alfieri.V, Cardaropoli.F and Sergi.V \u201cButt autogenous laser\r\nwelding of AA2024 aluminium alloy thin sheets with a Yb:YAG disk\r\nlaser\u201d. Int.J.Adv.Manuf.Technol. (2013).","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 107, 2015"}