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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_Arabic_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Arabic_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Early Arabic literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Arabic_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Player_classification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Player_classification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Player classification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Player_classification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_players" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_players"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Notable players</span> </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Piece_values"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Piece values</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Piece_values-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mansubat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mansubat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Mansubat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mansubat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shatranj</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjatrandja" title="Sjatrandja – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sjatrandja" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="شطرنج فارسي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شطرنج فارسي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C" title="শতরঞ্জ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শতরঞ্জ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Шатрандж – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шатрандж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Шатрандж – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шатрандж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xatranj" title="Xatranj – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Xatranj" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0atrand%C5%BE" title="Šatrandž – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šatrandž" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schatrandsch" title="Schatrandsch – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schatrandsch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj" title="Shatranj – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shatranj" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Catran%C4%9Do" title="Ŝatranĝo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝatranĝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شطرنج تاریخی ایران – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شطرنج تاریخی ایران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatrang" title="Chatrang – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chatrang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9E%80%EC%A7%80" title="샤트란지 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샤트란지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BB" title="Շատրանջ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շատրանջ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranjo" title="Shatranjo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Shatranjo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj" title="Shatranj – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Shatranj" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj" title="Shatranj – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shatranj" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%27" title="שאתראנג' – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שאתראנג'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0atrand%C5%BEa" title="Šatrandža – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šatrandža" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj" title="Shatranj – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Shatranj" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satrandzs" title="Satrandzs – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Satrandzs" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D" title="ഷത്രഞ്ജ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഷത്രഞ്ജ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj" title="Shatranj – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Shatranj" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8" title="シャトランジ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シャトランジ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szatrand%C5%BC" title="Szatrandż – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szatrandż" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xatranje" title="Xatranje – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Xatranje" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Шатрандж – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Шатрандж" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Шатрандж – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шатрандж" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj" title="Shatranj – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shatranj" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0atrand%C5%BE" title="Šatrandž – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Šatrandž" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keskiajan_shakki" title="Keskiajan shakki – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Keskiajan shakki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Шатрандж – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шатрандж" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj" title="Shatranj – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Shatranj" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%B1%A1%E6%A3%8B" title="波斯象棋 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="波斯象棋" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q279829#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shatranj" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Old form of chess</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 1969 film, see <a href="/wiki/Shatranj_(1969_film)" title="Shatranj (1969 film)">Shatranj (1969 film)</a>. For the 1993 film, see <a href="/wiki/Shatranj_(1993_film)" title="Shatranj (1993 film)">Shatranj (1993 film)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bayasanghori_Shahnameh_5_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bayasanghori_Shahnameh_5_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Bayasanghori_Shahnameh_5_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bayasanghori_Shahnameh_5_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Bayasanghori_Shahnameh_5_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Bayasanghori_Shahnameh_5_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="478" /></a><figcaption>Two shatranj players in a detail from a <a href="/wiki/Persian_miniature_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian miniature painting">Persian miniature painting</a> of <a href="/wiki/Shahname" class="mw-redirect" title="Shahname">Bayasanghori Shahname</a> made in 1430</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Shatranj</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">شطرنج</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[ʃaˈtˤrandʒ]</a></span>; from <a href="/wiki/Middle_Persian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Persian language">Middle Persian</a>: <span lang="pal" dir="rtl">چترنگ</span>, <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">chatrang</i></span>) is an old form of <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">chess</a>, as played in the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a>. Its origins lie in the Indian game of <a href="/wiki/Chaturanga" title="Chaturanga">chaturanga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">chess</a> gradually developed from this game, as it was introduced to Europe by contacts in Muslim <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a> (modern Spain) and in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> in the 10th century. In modern <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>, the term is also used as the translation of chess.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_origins">Etymology and origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology and origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of the game in adjoining countries appears to be derived from chaturanga - chatrang in Persian, shatranj in Arabic, Chanderaki in Tibetan are examples. This suggests that the game, as well as its name, came from India. Also, as will appear, it was believed in Persia that the game arrived there from India.<sup id="cite_ref-ANCIENT_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANCIENT-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Persian word <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">shatranj</i></span> ultimately derives from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: <span lang="sa">चतुरङ्ग</span>; <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">caturaṅga</i></span>) (<span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">catuḥ</i></span>: "four"; <span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">anga</i></span>: "arm"), referring to the game of the same name: <a href="/wiki/Chaturanga" title="Chaturanga">Chaturanga</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Middle_Persian" title="Middle Persian">Middle Persian</a> the word appears as <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">chatrang</i></span>, with the 'u' lost due to <a href="/wiki/Syncope_(phonetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Syncope (phonetics)">syncope</a> and the 'a' lost to <a href="/wiki/Apocope" title="Apocope">apocope</a>, such as in the title of the text <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">Mâdayân î chatrang</i></span> ("Book of Chess") from the 7th century <a href="/wiki/AD" class="mw-redirect" title="AD">AD</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chaturanga_Chess_Set.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Chaturanga_Chess_Set.jpg/220px-Chaturanga_Chess_Set.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Chaturanga_Chess_Set.jpg/330px-Chaturanga_Chess_Set.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Chaturanga_Chess_Set.jpg/440px-Chaturanga_Chess_Set.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3571" data-file-height="2702" /></a><figcaption>Antique North Indian Mughul shatranj chess set made from sandalwood.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kar-Namag_i_Ardashir_i_Pabagan" title="Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan">Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan</a> refers to <a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I" title="Ardashir I">Ardashir I</a> as a master of the game: "By the help of Providence, Ardeshir became more victorious and warlike than all, on the polo and the riding-ground, at Chatrang and Vine-Artakhshir,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in several other arts."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <i>Karnamak</i> contains many fables and legends, and this only establishes the popularity of chatrang at the time of its composition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Persianmss14thCambassadorfromIndiabroughtchesstoPersianCourt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Persian manuscript from the 14th century describing how an ambassador from India brought chess to the Persian court"><img alt="Persian manuscript from the 14th century describing how an ambassador from India brought chess to the Persian court" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Persianmss14thCambassadorfromIndiabroughtchesstoPersianCourt.jpg/200px-Persianmss14thCambassadorfromIndiabroughtchesstoPersianCourt.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Persianmss14thCambassadorfromIndiabroughtchesstoPersianCourt.jpg/300px-Persianmss14thCambassadorfromIndiabroughtchesstoPersianCourt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Persianmss14thCambassadorfromIndiabroughtchesstoPersianCourt.jpg/400px-Persianmss14thCambassadorfromIndiabroughtchesstoPersianCourt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="419" data-file-height="214" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persian</a> manuscript from the 14th century describing how an ambassador from <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> brought chess to the <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persian</a> court</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_treatise_on_chess_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Indian ambassador, probably sent by the Maukhari King Śarvavarman of Kannauj, introducing chess to the Persian court of Khosrow I.[6][7]"><img alt="Indian ambassador, probably sent by the Maukhari King Śarvavarman of Kannauj, introducing chess to the Persian court of Khosrow I.[6][7]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/A_treatise_on_chess_2.jpg/76px-A_treatise_on_chess_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/A_treatise_on_chess_2.jpg/113px-A_treatise_on_chess_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/A_treatise_on_chess_2.jpg/151px-A_treatise_on_chess_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="618" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Indian ambassador, probably sent by the <a href="/wiki/Maukhari" class="mw-redirect" title="Maukhari">Maukhari</a> King <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Aarvavarman" class="mw-redirect" title="Śarvavarman">Śarvavarman</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kannauj" title="Kannauj">Kannauj</a>, introducing chess to the Persian court of <a href="/wiki/Khosrow_I" title="Khosrow I">Khosrow I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ME_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ME-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shams_ud-Din_Tabriz_1502-1504_BNF_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shams-e-Tabrīzī as portrayed in a 1500 painting in a page of a copy of Rumi's poem dedicated to Shams."><img alt="Shams-e-Tabrīzī as portrayed in a 1500 painting in a page of a copy of Rumi's poem dedicated to Shams." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Shams_ud-Din_Tabriz_1502-1504_BNF_Paris.jpg/83px-Shams_ud-Din_Tabriz_1502-1504_BNF_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Shams_ud-Din_Tabriz_1502-1504_BNF_Paris.jpg/125px-Shams_ud-Din_Tabriz_1502-1504_BNF_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Shams_ud-Din_Tabriz_1502-1504_BNF_Paris.jpg/167px-Shams_ud-Din_Tabriz_1502-1504_BNF_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="418" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shams_Tabrizi" title="Shams Tabrizi">Shams-e-Tabrīzī</a> as portrayed in a 1500 painting in a page of a copy of <a href="/wiki/Rumi" title="Rumi">Rumi</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Rumi_ghazal_163" title="Rumi ghazal 163">poem dedicated to Shams</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Radha-Krishna_chess.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Krishna and Radha playing chaturanga on an 8×8 Oshtapata board"><img alt="Krishna and Radha playing chaturanga on an 8×8 Oshtapata board" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Radha-Krishna_chess.jpg/194px-Radha-Krishna_chess.jpg" decoding="async" width="194" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Radha-Krishna_chess.jpg/291px-Radha-Krishna_chess.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Radha-Krishna_chess.jpg/388px-Radha-Krishna_chess.jpg 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="254" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a> playing <a href="/wiki/Chaturanga" title="Chaturanga">chaturanga</a> on an 8×8 Oshtapata board</div> </li> </ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_Set_MET_DP170393.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Chess_Set_MET_DP170393.jpg/220px-Chess_Set_MET_DP170393.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Chess_Set_MET_DP170393.jpg/330px-Chess_Set_MET_DP170393.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Chess_Set_MET_DP170393.jpg/440px-Chess_Set_MET_DP170393.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3905" data-file-height="2972" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iranian</a> shatranj set, glazed <a href="/wiki/Fritware" title="Fritware">fritware</a>, 12th century <a href="/wiki/Nishapur" title="Nishapur">Nishapur</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Metropolitan Museum of Art">New York Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>During the reign of the later <a href="/wiki/Sassanid" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassanid">Sassanid</a> king <a href="/wiki/Khosrau_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Khosrau I">Khosrau I</a> (531–579), a gift from an Indian king (possibly a <a href="/wiki/Maukhari_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Maukhari Dynasty">Maukhari Dynasty</a> king of <a href="/wiki/Kannauj" title="Kannauj">Kannauj</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> included a chess game with sixteen pieces of <a href="/wiki/Emerald" title="Emerald">emerald</a> and sixteen of <a href="/wiki/Ruby" title="Ruby">ruby</a> (green vs. red).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The game came with a challenge which was successfully resolved by Khosrau's courtiers. This incident, originally referred to in the <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">Mâdayân î chatrang</i></span> (c. 620 AD), is also mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Ferdowsi" title="Ferdowsi">Ferdowsi</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Shahnameh" title="Shahnameh">Shahnama</a> (c. 1010). </p><p>The rules of chaturanga seen in India today have enormous variation, but all involve four branches (<i>angas</i>) of the army: the horse (knight), the elephant (bishop), the chariot (rook) and the foot soldier (pawn), played on an 8×8 board. Shatranj adapted much of the same rules as chaturanga, and also the basic 16-piece structure. There is also a larger 10×11 board derivative; the 14th-century <a href="/wiki/Tamerlane_chess" title="Tamerlane chess">Tamerlane chess</a>, or <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">shatranj kamil</i></span> (perfect chess), with a slightly different piece structure.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In some later variants the darker squares were engraved. The game spread Westwards after the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_conquest_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic conquest of Persia">Islamic conquest of Persia</a> and a considerable body of literature on game tactics and strategy was produced from the 8th century onwards.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In early Indian chaturanga (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 500–700), the king could be <dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#captured" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § captured" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">captured</span></a></dfn> and this ended the game. Persian shatranj (c. 700–800) introduced the idea of warning that the king was under attack (announcing <i>check</i> in modern terminology). This was done to avoid the early and accidental end of a game. Later the Persians added the additional rule that a king could not be moved into check or left in check. As a result, the king could not be captured,<sup id="cite_ref-dav22_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dav22-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Checkmate" title="Checkmate">checkmate</a> was the only decisive way of ending a game.<sup id="cite_ref-dav6364_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dav6364-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the spread of Islam, chess diffused into the <a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a> and then to <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Andalusian</a> Spain. During the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_empires_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic empires in India">Islamic conquest of India</a> (c. 12th century), some forms came back to India as well, as evidenced in the North Indian term <i>māt</i> (mate, derivative from <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">māt</i></span>) or the <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> <span title="Bengali-language romanization"><i lang="bn-Latn">borey</i></span> (pawn, presumed derived from the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">baidaq</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the following centuries, chess became popular in Europe, eventually giving rise to modern chess.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rules">Rules</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rules"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="tright" style="clear: none; width: 260px; text-align:center"> <div style="border:1px solid #b0b0b0; background:#f9f9f9; padding-top:6px"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border: 1px solid #b0b0b0; background-color: #ffce9e; margin:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;">a </td> <td style="background-color:white;">b </td> <td style="background-color:white;">c </td> <td style="background-color:white;">d </td> <td style="background-color:white;">e </td> <td style="background-color:white;">f </td> <td style="background-color:white;">g </td> <td style="background-color:white;">h </td> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">8 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a8"><img alt="a8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/25px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/38px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/50px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_ndl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b8"><img alt="b8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/25px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/38px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/50px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c8"><img alt="c8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/25px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/38px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/50px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d8"><img alt="d8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/25px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/38px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/50px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e8"><img alt="e8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chess_qdl45.svg/25px-Chess_qdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chess_qdl45.svg/38px-Chess_qdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chess_qdl45.svg/50px-Chess_qdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f8"><img alt="f8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/25px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/38px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/50px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_ndl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g8"><img alt="g8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/25px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/38px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/50px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h8"><img alt="h8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/25px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/38px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/50px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">8 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">7 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a7"><img alt="a7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b7"><img alt="b7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c7"><img alt="c7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d7"><img alt="d7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e7"><img alt="e7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f7"><img alt="f7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g7"><img alt="g7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h7"><img alt="h7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a6"><img alt="a6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b6"><img alt="b6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c6"><img alt="c6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d6"><img alt="d6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e6"><img alt="e6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f6"><img alt="f6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6"><img alt="g6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h6"><img alt="h6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">5 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a5"><img alt="a5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b5"><img alt="b5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c5"><img alt="c5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5"><img alt="d5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e5"><img alt="e5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f5"><img alt="f5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g5"><img alt="g5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h5"><img alt="h5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">4 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a4"><img alt="a4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b4"><img alt="b4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c4"><img alt="c4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4"><img alt="d4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e4"><img alt="e4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f4"><img alt="f4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g4"><img alt="g4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h4"><img alt="h4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a3"><img alt="a3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b3"><img alt="b3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3"><img alt="c3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d3"><img alt="d3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e3"><img alt="e3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f3"><img alt="f3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g3"><img alt="g3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h3"><img alt="h3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a2"><img alt="a2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b2"><img alt="b2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c2"><img alt="c2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d2"><img alt="d2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e2"><img alt="e2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f2"><img alt="f2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g2"><img alt="g2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h2"><img alt="h2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a1"><img alt="a1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/25px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/38px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/50px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b1"><img alt="b1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/25px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/38px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/50px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c1"><img alt="c1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/25px-Chess_bll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/38px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/50px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d1"><img alt="d1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/25px-Chess_kll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/38px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/50px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e1"><img alt="e1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Chess_qll45.svg/25px-Chess_qll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Chess_qll45.svg/38px-Chess_qll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Chess_qll45.svg/50px-Chess_qll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f1"><img alt="f1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/25px-Chess_bll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/38px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/50px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g1"><img alt="g1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/25px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/38px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/50px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h1"><img alt="h1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/25px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/38px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/50px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">a </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">b </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">c </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">d </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">e </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">f </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">g </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">h </td> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="thumbcaption" style="margin-left:4px;margin-right:4px;">Shatranj starting setup</div> </div> </div> <p>The initial setup in shatranj was essentially the same as in modern chess; however, the position of the white shah (king), on the right or left side was not fixed. Either the arrangement as in modern chess or as shown in the diagram were possible. In either case, the white and black shāh would be on the same file. The game was played with these pieces: </p> <table class="toccolours" style="float:left; margin-left:15px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ccf;">Shatranj pieces </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kll45.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/25px-Chess_kll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/38px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/50px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kdl44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Chess_kdl44.png/25px-Chess_kdl44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Chess_kdl44.png/38px-Chess_kdl44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Chess_kdl44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td> <td>shah (<a href="/wiki/King_(chess)" title="King (chess)">king</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qll44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Chess_qll44.png/25px-Chess_qll44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Chess_qll44.png/38px-Chess_qll44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Chess_qll44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qdl44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chess_qdl44.png/25px-Chess_qdl44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chess_qdl44.png/38px-Chess_qdl44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Chess_qdl44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td> <td>ferz or wazir (counselor or <a href="/wiki/Ferz_(chess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferz (chess)">ferz</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_rll44.png/25px-Chess_rll44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_rll44.png/38px-Chess_rll44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Chess_rll44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rdl44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Chess_rdl44.png/25px-Chess_rdl44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Chess_rdl44.png/38px-Chess_rdl44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Chess_rdl44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td> <td>rukh (<a href="/wiki/Rook_(chess)" title="Rook (chess)">rook</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bll45.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/25px-Chess_bll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/38px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/50px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/25px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/38px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/50px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td> <td>pīl, or "alfil" in Arabic (elephant or <a href="/wiki/Alfil_(chess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfil (chess)">alfil</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_nll44.png/25px-Chess_nll44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_nll44.png/38px-Chess_nll44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Chess_nll44.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_ndl44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Chess_ndl44.png/25px-Chess_ndl44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Chess_ndl44.png/38px-Chess_ndl44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Chess_ndl44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td> <td>asb or faras (horse or <a href="/wiki/Knight_(chess)" title="Knight (chess)">knight</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Chess_pll44.png/25px-Chess_pll44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Chess_pll44.png/38px-Chess_pll44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Chess_pll44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chess_pdl44.png/25px-Chess_pdl44.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chess_pdl44.png/38px-Chess_pdl44.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Chess_pdl44.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></td> <td>sarbaz / piyadeh, or "baydaq" in Arabic (soldier, infantryman or <a href="/wiki/Pawn_(chess)" title="Pawn (chess)">pawn</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="center"></div> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:132px;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="center noviewer" style="line-height: 0; background:white; font-size:88%; border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0; margin:auto"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a5"><img alt="a5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b5"><img alt="b5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c5"><img alt="c5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d5"><img alt="d5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" 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/></a></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="thumbcaption">Moves of the ferz </div> </div></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="center"></div> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:132px;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="center noviewer" style="line-height: 0; background:white; font-size:88%; border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0; margin:auto"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_xxd45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a5 black cross"><img alt="a5 black cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/26px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/39px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/52px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b5"><img alt="b5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c5"><img alt="c5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" 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class="mw-file-description" title="c4"><img alt="c4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d4"><img alt="d4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e4"><img alt="e4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a3"><img alt="a3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b3"><img alt="b3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c3 white bishop"><img alt="c3 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/26px-Chess_bld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/39px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/52px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d3"><img alt="d3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e3"><img alt="e3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a2"><img alt="a2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b2"><img alt="b2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c2"><img alt="c2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d2"><img alt="d2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e2"><img alt="e2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_xxd45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a1 black cross"><img alt="a1 black cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/26px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/39px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/52px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b1"><img alt="b1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_d45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c1"><img alt="c1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/26px-Chess_d45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/39px-Chess_d45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Chess_d45.svg/52px-Chess_d45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_l45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d1"><img alt="d1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/26px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/39px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/52px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_xxd45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e1 black cross"><img alt="e1 black cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/26px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/39px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/52px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="thumbcaption">Moves of the alfil, which can jump over other pieces </div> </div></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="center"></div> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:132px;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="center noviewer" style="line-height: 0; background:white; font-size:88%; border:1px #c8ccd1 solid;padding:0; margin:auto"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a5 white bishop"><img alt="a5 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/26px-Chess_bld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/39px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/52px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b5 white knight"><img alt="b5 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c5 white rook"><img alt="c5 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/26px-Chess_rld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/39px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/52px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d5 white knight"><img alt="d5 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e5 white bishop"><img alt="e5 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/26px-Chess_bld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/39px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/52px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a4 white knight"><img alt="a4 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b4 white queen"><img alt="b4 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/26px-Chess_qld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/39px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/52px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c4 white rook"><img alt="c4 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/26px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/39px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/52px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d4 white queen"><img alt="d4 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/26px-Chess_qld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/39px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/52px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e4 white knight"><img alt="e4 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a3 white rook"><img alt="a3 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/26px-Chess_rld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/39px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/52px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b3 white rook"><img alt="b3 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/26px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/39px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/52px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_xxd45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c3 black cross"><img alt="c3 black cross" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/26px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/39px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Chess_xxd45.svg/52px-Chess_xxd45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d3 white rook"><img alt="d3 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/26px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/39px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/52px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e3 white rook"><img alt="e3 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/26px-Chess_rld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/39px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/52px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a2 white knight"><img alt="a2 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b2 white queen"><img alt="b2 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/26px-Chess_qld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/39px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/52px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c2 white rook"><img alt="c2 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/26px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/39px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/52px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d2 white queen"><img alt="d2 white queen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/26px-Chess_qld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/39px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Chess_qld45.svg/52px-Chess_qld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e2 white knight"><img alt="e2 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:middle"><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a1 white bishop"><img alt="a1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/26px-Chess_bld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/39px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/52px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b1 white knight"><img alt="b1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c1 white rook"><img alt="c1 white rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/26px-Chess_rld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/39px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chess_rld45.svg/52px-Chess_rld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #d18b47;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d1 white knight"><img alt="d1 white knight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/26px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/39px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/52px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td><td style="padding:0; vertical-align:inherit; background-color: #ffce9e;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bld45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e1 white bishop"><img alt="e1 white bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/26px-Chess_bld45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/39px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Chess_bld45.svg/52px-Chess_bld45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="thumbcaption"> Complementarity of the shatranj pieces' movements, excluding king and pawn.</div> </div></div> <ul><li><b>Shāh</b> ("king" in Persian) moves like the <a href="/wiki/King_(chess)" title="King (chess)">king in chess</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ferz_(chess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferz (chess)">Ferz</a> (Wazir)</b> ("<a href="/wiki/Adviser" title="Adviser">counselor</a>"; also spelled <i>fers</i>; Arabic <i>firz</i>, from Persian <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">فرزين</span></span> <i>farzīn</i>) moves exactly one square diagonally, which makes it a rather weak piece. It was renamed "<a href="/wiki/Queen_(chess)" title="Queen (chess)">queen</a>" in Europe. Even today, the word for the queen piece is <i>ферзь</i> (ferz) in Russian, <i>vezér</i> in Hungarian, <i>vezir</i> in Turkish, <i>vazīr</i> in Persian and <i>wazīr</i> in Arabic. It has analogue to the guards in <a href="/wiki/Xiangqi" title="Xiangqi">xiangqi</a>.</li> <li><b>Rukh</b> ("<a href="/wiki/Ratha" title="Ratha">chariot</a>"; from Persian <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">رخ</span></span> <i>rokh</i>) moves like the <a href="/wiki/Rook_(chess)" title="Rook (chess)">rook</a> in chess.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alfil_(chess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfil (chess)">Pīl</a></b>, <b>alfil</b>, <b>aufin</b>, and similar ("<a href="/wiki/War_elephant" title="War elephant">elephant</a>"; from Persian <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">پيل</span></span> <i>pīl</i>; al- is the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> for "the") moves exactly two squares diagonally, jumping over the square between. Each pīl could reach only one-eighth of the squares on the board, and because their circuits were disjoint, they could never capture one another. This piece might have had a different move sometimes in <a href="/wiki/Chaturanga" title="Chaturanga">chaturanga</a>, where the piece is also called "elephant". The pīl was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_(chess)" title="Bishop (chess)">bishop</a> in modern chess. Even today, the word for the bishop piece is <i>alfil</i> in Spanish, <i>alfiere</i> in Italian, <i>fil</i> in Turkish, <i>fīl</i> in Persian and Arabic, and <i>слон</i> ("elephant") in Russian. As chess spread from Iran northward to Russia, and westward into eastern Europe, south to Italy, and finally westward, it mostly retained the original name and look of the piece as an elephant. Usually, it was carved as a rounded shape with two blunt points representing the elephant's tusks. In Christian Europe, this piece became a bishop because the two points looked like a bishop's <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitre</a> to those unfamiliar with elephants in Western Europe. An early example of the bishop being used is the <a href="/wiki/Lewis_chessmen" title="Lewis chessmen">Lewis chessmen</a> chess set of the 12th century. The elephant piece survives in <a href="/wiki/Xiangqi" title="Xiangqi">xiangqi</a> with the limitations that the elephant in xiangqi cannot jump over an intervening piece and is restricted to the owner's half of the board. In <a href="/wiki/Janggi" title="Janggi">janggi</a>, its movement was changed to become a slightly further-reaching version of the horse.</li> <li><b>Asb (Faras)</b> (current meaning of "<a href="/wiki/Cavalry" title="Cavalry">horse</a>" in Persian, from old Persian <i>Asp</i> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">اسپ</span></span>)), moves like the <a href="/wiki/Knight_(chess)" title="Knight (chess)">knight</a> in chess.</li> <li><b>Piyadeh</b> ("<a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantryman</a>"; from Persian <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">پیاده</span></span> <i>piyāde</i>; also called <b>Sarbaz</b> "<a href="/wiki/Soldier" title="Soldier">soldier</a>") in Persian and adopted later to <i>Baydaq</i> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بيدق</span></span>) in Arabic (a new singular extracted by treating the Persian form as an Arabic <a href="/wiki/Broken_plural" title="Broken plural">broken plural</a>), moves and captures like the <a href="/wiki/Pawn_(chess)" title="Pawn (chess)">pawns</a> in chess, but not moving two squares on the first move. When they reach the eighth rank, they are promoted to ferz.</li></ul> <p>Pieces are shown on the diagrams and recorded in the notation using the equivalent modern symbols, as in the table above. In modern descriptions of shatranj, the names king, rook, knight and pawn are commonly used for shah, rukh, faras, and baidaq. However, the ferz and alfil are sometimes treated as distinct, and given their own symbols. Specific ferz and alfil symbols have been provisionally accepted for a future version of <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-shatranj_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shatranj-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pipeline_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pipeline-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were also other differences compared to modern chess: <a href="/wiki/Castling" title="Castling">Castling</a> was not allowed (it was invented much later). <a href="/wiki/Stalemate" title="Stalemate">Stalemating</a> the opposing king resulted in a win for the player delivering stalemate. Capturing all one's opponent's pieces apart from the king (<i><a href="/wiki/Bare_king" title="Bare king">baring the king</a></i>) was a win, unless the opponent could capture the last piece on their next move, which was considered a draw in most places in the Islamic world (except for <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>, where it was a win).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The possible movements of the main shatranj pieces, excluding that of the king and pawn, are complementary to one another, and without any omission or redundancy occupy all available squares with respect to the central position of a 5x5 grid, as shown in the figure to the right.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Vizier_Buzurghmihr_Showing_the_Game_of_Chess_to_King_Khusraw_Anushirwan,_Page_from_a_Manuscript_of_the_Shahnama_(Book_of_Kings)_LACMA_M.73.5.586.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/The_Vizier_Buzurghmihr_Showing_the_Game_of_Chess_to_King_Khusraw_Anushirwan%2C_Page_from_a_Manuscript_of_the_Shahnama_%28Book_of_Kings%29_LACMA_M.73.5.586.jpg/220px-The_Vizier_Buzurghmihr_Showing_the_Game_of_Chess_to_King_Khusraw_Anushirwan%2C_Page_from_a_Manuscript_of_the_Shahnama_%28Book_of_Kings%29_LACMA_M.73.5.586.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/The_Vizier_Buzurghmihr_Showing_the_Game_of_Chess_to_King_Khusraw_Anushirwan%2C_Page_from_a_Manuscript_of_the_Shahnama_%28Book_of_Kings%29_LACMA_M.73.5.586.jpg/330px-The_Vizier_Buzurghmihr_Showing_the_Game_of_Chess_to_King_Khusraw_Anushirwan%2C_Page_from_a_Manuscript_of_the_Shahnama_%28Book_of_Kings%29_LACMA_M.73.5.586.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/The_Vizier_Buzurghmihr_Showing_the_Game_of_Chess_to_King_Khusraw_Anushirwan%2C_Page_from_a_Manuscript_of_the_Shahnama_%28Book_of_Kings%29_LACMA_M.73.5.586.jpg/440px-The_Vizier_Buzurghmihr_Showing_the_Game_of_Chess_to_King_Khusraw_Anushirwan%2C_Page_from_a_Manuscript_of_the_Shahnama_%28Book_of_Kings%29_LACMA_M.73.5.586.jpg 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="298" /></a><figcaption>Early shatranj</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cabinet_des_m%C3%A9dailles,_Paris_-_Ivory_Chess_King_or_Vizier,_9th_Century.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Cabinet_des_m%C3%A9dailles%2C_Paris_-_Ivory_Chess_King_or_Vizier%2C_9th_Century.jpg/220px-Cabinet_des_m%C3%A9dailles%2C_Paris_-_Ivory_Chess_King_or_Vizier%2C_9th_Century.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Cabinet_des_m%C3%A9dailles%2C_Paris_-_Ivory_Chess_King_or_Vizier%2C_9th_Century.jpg/330px-Cabinet_des_m%C3%A9dailles%2C_Paris_-_Ivory_Chess_King_or_Vizier%2C_9th_Century.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Cabinet_des_m%C3%A9dailles%2C_Paris_-_Ivory_Chess_King_or_Vizier%2C_9th_Century.jpg/440px-Cabinet_des_m%C3%A9dailles%2C_Paris_-_Ivory_Chess_King_or_Vizier%2C_9th_Century.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3056" data-file-height="4576" /></a><figcaption>Ivory chess king or vizier, 9th century, islamic art</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Persian_literature">Middle Persian literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Middle Persian literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three books written in <a href="/wiki/Pahlavi_scripts" title="Pahlavi scripts">Pahlavi</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Kar-Namag_i_Ardashir_i_Pabagan" title="Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan">Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khosrow_and_ridag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khosrow and ridag (page does not exist)">Khosrow and ridag</a></i>, and <i>Wizārišn ī čhatrang</i> ("Treatise on Chess"), also known as the <i>Chatrang Nama</i> ("Book of Chess"), all mention <i>chatrang</i>. In <i>Kār-nāmak</i> it is said that Ardashīr "with the help of the gods became more victorious and experienced than all others in polo, horsemanship, chess, backgammon, and other arts," and in the small treatise on <i>Khosrow and ridag</i>, the latter declares that he is superior to his comrades in chess, backgammon, and <i>hašt pāy</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bozorgmehr" title="Bozorgmehr">Bozorgmehr</a>, the author of <i>Wizārišn ī čhatrang</i>, describes how the game of chess was sent as a test to <a href="/wiki/Khosrow_I" title="Khosrow I">Khosrow I</a> (r. 531–79) by the "king of the Hindus Dēvsarm" with the envoy Takhtarītūs and how the test was answered by the vizier Bozorgmehr, who in his turn invented the game <a href="/wiki/Backgammon" title="Backgammon">Backgammon</a> as a test for the Hindus. These three Middle Persian sources do not give any certain indication of the date when chess was introduced into Persia. The mentions of chess in <i>Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan</i> and <i>Khosrow and ridag</i> are simply conventional and may easily represent late Sasanian or even post-Sasanian redactions.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Touraj_Daryaee" title="Touraj Daryaee">Touraj Daryaee</a>, <i>Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan</i> is from 6th century.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Wizārišn ī čhatrang</i> was written in the 6th century.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Arabic_literature">Early Arabic literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early Arabic literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age" title="Islamic Golden Age">Islamic Golden Age</a>, many works on shatranj were written, recording for the first time the analysis of <a href="/wiki/Chess_opening" title="Chess opening">opening moves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chess_problems" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess problems">game problems</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Knight%27s_tour" title="Knight's tour">knight's tour</a>, and many more subjects common in modern chess books. Many of these manuscripts are missing, but their content is known due to compilation work done by the later authors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest listing of works on chess is in the <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Fihrist" title="Al-Fihrist">Fihrist</a></i>, a general <a href="/wiki/Bibliography" title="Bibliography">bibliography</a> produced in 377 <a href="/wiki/Anno_Hegirae" class="mw-redirect" title="Anno Hegirae">AH</a> (988 AD) by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Nadim" title="Ibn al-Nadim">Ibn al-Nadim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It includes an entire section on the topic of chess, listing: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Adli_ar-Rumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Adli ar-Rumi">Al-Adli</a>'s <i>Kitab ash-shatranj</i> ('Book of Chess')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Zakariya_al-Razi" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi">Ar-Razi</a>'s <i>Latif fi 'sh-shatranj</i> ('Fun with Chess')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suli" class="mw-redirect" title="As-Suli">As-Suli</a>'s <i>Kitab ash-shatranj</i> (two volumes)</li> <li>Al-Lajlaj's <i>Kitab mansubat ash-shatranj</i> ('Book: Strategies of Chess')</li> <li>B. Aluqlidisi's <i>Kitab majmu' fi mansubat ash-shatranj</i> ('Book: Intent of Strategies of Chess')</li></ul> <p>There is a passage referring to chess in a work said to be by <a href="/wiki/Al-Hasan_al-Basri" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hasan al-Basri">al-Hasan al-Basri</a>, a philosopher from <a href="/wiki/Basra" title="Basra">Basra</a> who died in 728 AD.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The attribution of authorship is dubious, however. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Player_classification">Player classification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Player classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Al-Adli as well as As-Suli introduced classifications of players by their playing strength. Both of them specify five classes of players: </p> <ul><li><b>Aliyat</b> (or aliya), grandees</li> <li><b>Mutaqaribat</b>, proximes – players who could win 2–4 games out of 10 in the match against grandee. They received odds of a pawn from grandee (better players g-, a- or h-pawn, weaker ones d- or e-pawn).</li> <li>Third class – players who received odds of a ferz from grandee.</li> <li>Fourth class – received odds of a knight.</li> <li>Fifth class – received odds of a rook.</li></ul> <p>To determine a player's class, a series or match would be undertaken with a player of a known class without odds. If the player won 7 or more games out of 10, he belonged to a higher class.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_players">Notable players</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notable players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">caliphs</a>, shatranj players of highest class were called <i>aliyat</i> or grandees.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were only a few players in this category including: </p> <ul><li><b>Jabir al-Kufi</b>, <b>Rabrab</b> and <b>Abun-Naam</b> were three aliyat players during the rule of caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Ma%27mun" title="Al-Ma'mun">al-Ma'mun</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Al-Adli_ar-Rumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Adli ar-Rumi">Al-Adli</a></b> was the strongest player during the rule of caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Wathiq" title="Al-Wathiq">al-Wathiq</a>. At this time he was the only player in aliyat category.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Zakariya_al-Razi" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi">Al-Razi</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Persians" title="Persians">Persian</a> <a href="/wiki/Polymath" title="Polymath">polymath</a>) in 847 won a match against an already old al-Adli in the presence of caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Mutawakkil" title="Al-Mutawakkil">al-Mutawakkil</a> and so become a player of aliyat category.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Abu-Bakr_Muhammad_ben_Yahya_as-Suli" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu-Bakr Muhammad ben Yahya as-Suli">As-Suli</a></b> was the strongest player during the reign of caliph <a href="/wiki/Al-Muktafi" title="Al-Muktafi">al-Muktafi</a>. Al-Razi was already dead and there were no players of comparable strength before as-Suli appeared on the scene. In the presence of al-Muktafi he easily won a match against a certain al-Mawardi and thus proved that he was the best player of that time. As-Suli considered Rabrab and al-Razi as the greatest of his predecessors.</li> <li><b>Al-Lajlaj</b> was a pupil of as-Suli and also a great shatranj master of his time.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gameplay">Gameplay</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gameplay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Openings">Openings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Openings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="tright" style="clear: none; width: 260px; text-align:center">Mujannah–Mashaikhi opening <div style="border:1px solid #b0b0b0; background:#f9f9f9; padding-top:6px"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border: 1px solid #b0b0b0; background-color: #ffce9e; margin:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;">a </td> <td style="background-color:white;">b </td> <td style="background-color:white;">c </td> <td style="background-color:white;">d </td> <td style="background-color:white;">e </td> <td style="background-color:white;">f </td> <td style="background-color:white;">g </td> <td style="background-color:white;">h </td> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">8 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a8"><img alt="a8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/25px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/38px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/50px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b8"><img alt="b8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c8"><img alt="c8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/25px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/38px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/50px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8"><img alt="d8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e8"><img alt="e8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/25px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/38px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/50px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f8"><img alt="f8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/25px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/38px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Chess_bdl45.svg/50px-Chess_bdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g8"><img alt="g8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h8"><img alt="h8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/25px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/38px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/50px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">8 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">7 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a7"><img alt="a7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7"><img alt="b7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7"><img alt="c7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_ndl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d7"><img alt="d7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/25px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/38px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/50px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_ndl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e7"><img alt="e7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/25px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/38px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/50px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7"><img alt="f7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g7"><img alt="g7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7"><img alt="h7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a6"><img alt="a6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b6"><img alt="b6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c6"><img alt="c6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d6"><img alt="d6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chess_qdl45.svg/25px-Chess_qdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chess_qdl45.svg/38px-Chess_qdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Chess_qdl45.svg/50px-Chess_qdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e6"><img alt="e6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f6"><img alt="f6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g6"><img alt="g6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h6"><img alt="h6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">5 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a5"><img alt="a5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b5"><img alt="b5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c5"><img alt="c5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d5"><img alt="d5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e5"><img alt="e5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/25px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/38px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Chess_pdl45.svg/50px-Chess_pdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f5"><img alt="f5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g5"><img alt="g5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h5"><img alt="h5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">4 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a4"><img alt="a4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b4"><img alt="b4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c4"><img alt="c4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4"><img alt="d4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e4"><img alt="e4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f4"><img alt="f4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g4"><img alt="g4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h4"><img alt="h4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a3"><img alt="a3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b3"><img alt="b3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c3"><img alt="c3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/25px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/38px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/50px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d3"><img alt="d3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e3"><img alt="e3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f3"><img alt="f3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/25px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/38px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/50px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g3"><img alt="g3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h3"><img alt="h3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a2"><img alt="a2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b2"><img alt="b2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c2"><img alt="c2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d2"><img alt="d2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e2"><img alt="e2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2"><img alt="f2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2"><img alt="g2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h2"><img alt="h2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1"><img alt="a1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b1"><img alt="b1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/25px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/38px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/50px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c1"><img alt="c1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/25px-Chess_bll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/38px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/50px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="d1"><img alt="d1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Chess_qll45.svg/25px-Chess_qll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Chess_qll45.svg/38px-Chess_qll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Chess_qll45.svg/50px-Chess_qll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="e1"><img alt="e1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/25px-Chess_kll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/38px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/50px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f1"><img alt="f1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/25px-Chess_bll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/38px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/50px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g1"><img alt="g1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/25px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/38px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/50px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h1"><img alt="h1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">a </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">b </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">c </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">d </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">e </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">f </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">g </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">h </td> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="thumbcaption" style="margin-left:4px;margin-right:4px;">In the opening, players usually tried to reach a specific position, <i><dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#tabiya" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § tabiya" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">tabiya</span></a></dfn></i>.</div> </div> </div> <p>Openings in shatranj were usually called <b>taʿbīya</b> <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">تَعبِيّة</span></span> (pl. taʿbīyāt), <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">تَعبِيّات</span></span> in Arabic, which can be translated as "battle array". Due to slow piece development in shatranj, the exact sequence of moves was relatively unimportant. Instead players aimed to reach a specific position, tabiya, mostly ignoring the play of their opponent. </p><p>The works of al-Adli and as-Suli contain collections of tabiyat. Tabiyat were usually given as position on a half-board with some comments about them. The concrete sequence of moves to reach them was not specified. In his book Al-Lajlaj analyzed some tabiya in detail. He started his analysis from some given opening, for example "Double Mujannah" or "Mujannah–Mashaikhi", and then continued up to move 40, giving numerous variations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Piece_values">Piece values</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Piece values"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both al-Adli and as-Suli provided estimation of piece values in their books on shatranj. They used a monetary system to specify piece values. For example, as-Suli gives piece values in <a href="/wiki/Dirham" title="Dirham">dirhem</a>, the currency in use in his time:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellspacing="0" border="1" style="background:white;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Piece</th> <th>Value</th> <th>Shape of piece sometimes found </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kll44.png" class="mw-file-description" title="king"><img alt="king" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chess_kll44.png/30px-Chess_kll44.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Chess_kll44.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> king</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 </td> <td><span style="padding-left:1;"> </span> seat, representing a throne </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll44.png" class="mw-file-description" title="rook"><img alt="rook" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Chess_rll44.png/30px-Chess_rll44.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Chess_rll44.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> rook</td> <td style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td><span style="padding-left:1;"> </span> rectangular block with V-shaped cut in top, representing a chariot </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_nll44.png/30px-Chess_nll44.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Chess_nll44.png 1.5x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> knight</td> <td style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td><span style="padding-left:1;"> </span> cone with beak-shaped sideways projection at top </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_qll44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Chess_qll44.png/30px-Chess_qll44.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Chess_qll44.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> ferz</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td><span style="padding-left:1;"> </span> seat, smaller than king, depicting a smaller throne </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bll44.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Chess_bll44.png/30px-Chess_bll44.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Chess_bll44.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> alfil</td> <td style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td><span style="padding-left:1;"> </span> cone with notch cut in top </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll44.png" class="mw-file-description" title="the horses"><img alt="the horses" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Chess_pll44.png/30px-Chess_pll44.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Chess_pll44.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span> pawn</td> <td style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td><span style="padding-left:1;"> </span> small cone, or sometimes a dome </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mansubat">Mansubat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mansubat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="tright" style="clear: none; width: 260px; text-align:center">Dilaram Problem, c. 10th century <div style="border:1px solid #b0b0b0; background:#f9f9f9; padding-top:6px"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border: 1px solid #b0b0b0; background-color: #ffce9e; margin:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;">a </td> <td style="background-color:white;">b </td> <td style="background-color:white;">c </td> <td style="background-color:white;">d </td> <td style="background-color:white;">e </td> <td style="background-color:white;">f </td> <td style="background-color:white;">g </td> <td style="background-color:white;">h </td> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">8 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a8"><img alt="a8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b8"><img alt="b8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/25px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/38px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/50px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c8"><img alt="c8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d8"><img alt="d8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e8"><img alt="e8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f8"><img alt="f8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g8"><img alt="g8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/25px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/38px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Chess_kdl45.svg/50px-Chess_kdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h8"><img alt="h8" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">8 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">7 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a7"><img alt="a7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b7"><img alt="b7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c7"><img alt="c7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d7"><img alt="d7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e7"><img alt="e7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f7"><img alt="f7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g7"><img alt="g7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h7"><img alt="h7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a6"><img alt="a6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b6"><img alt="b6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c6"><img alt="c6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d6"><img alt="d6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e6"><img alt="e6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="f6"><img alt="f6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_pll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g6"><img alt="g6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/25px-Chess_pll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/38px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Chess_pll45.svg/50px-Chess_pll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h6"><img alt="h6" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">6 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">5 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a5"><img alt="a5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b5"><img alt="b5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c5"><img alt="c5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d5"><img alt="d5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e5"><img alt="e5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f5"><img alt="f5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g5"><img alt="g5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h5"><img alt="h5" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">4 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_kll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="a4"><img alt="a4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/25px-Chess_kll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/38px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Chess_kll45.svg/50px-Chess_kll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b4"><img alt="b4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_ndl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="c4"><img alt="c4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/25px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/38px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Chess_ndl45.svg/50px-Chess_ndl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d4"><img alt="d4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e4"><img alt="e4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f4"><img alt="f4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_nll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="g4"><img alt="g4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/25px-Chess_nll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/38px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Chess_nll45.svg/50px-Chess_nll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h4"><img alt="h4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/25px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/38px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/50px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a3"><img alt="a3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b3"><img alt="b3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c3"><img alt="c3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d3"><img alt="d3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e3"><img alt="e3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f3"><img alt="f3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g3"><img alt="g3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_bll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h3"><img alt="h3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/25px-Chess_bll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/38px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Chess_bll45.svg/50px-Chess_bll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a2"><img alt="a2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rdl45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="b2"><img alt="b2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/25px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/38px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Chess_rdl45.svg/50px-Chess_rdl45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c2"><img alt="c2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d2"><img alt="d2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e2"><img alt="e2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f2"><img alt="f2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g2"><img alt="g2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="h2"><img alt="h2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;">1 </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="a1"><img alt="a1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="b1"><img alt="b1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="c1"><img alt="c1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="d1"><img alt="d1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="e1"><img alt="e1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="f1"><img alt="f1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="g1"><img alt="g1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/25px-Chess_l45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/38px-Chess_l45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Chess_l45.svg/50px-Chess_l45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border-top: 1px solid #707070; border-left: 1px solid #707070"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess_rll45.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="h1"><img alt="h1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/25px-Chess_rll45.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/38px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Chess_rll45.svg/50px-Chess_rll45.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></a></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;text-align:center;border-left: 1px solid #707070">1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">a </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">b </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">c </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">d </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">e </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">f </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">g </td> <td style="background-color:white;border-top: 1px solid #707070;">h </td> <td style="background-color:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/18px-Solid_white.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/27px-Solid_white.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Solid_white.svg/36px-Solid_white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="thumbcaption" style="margin-left:4px;margin-right:4px;">White to move and win</div> </div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div role="note" class="side-box metadata side-box-left algebraic-notation"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This section uses <a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">algebraic notation</a> to describe chess moves.</div></div> </div> <p>Persian chess masters composed many <a href="/wiki/Chess_problem" title="Chess problem">shatranj problems</a>. Such shatranj problems were called <b>manṣūba</b> <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مَنصوبة</span></span> (pl. <b>manṣūbāt</b>), <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">منصوبات</span></span>. This word can be translated from Arabic as "arrangement", "position" or "situation". Mansubat were typically composed in such a way that a win could be achieved as a sequence of checks. One's own king was usually threatened by immediate checkmate.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>One Mansuba is the <i>Dilaram Problem</i>. Black threatens immediate checkmate by 1...Ra2#, Ra8#, or either Rb4#. But White can win with a two-rook sacrifice: </p> <dl><dd><b>1. Rh8+ Kxh8 2. Bf5+ Kg8 3. Rh8+ Kxh8 4. g7+ Kg8 5. Nh6<a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)##" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">#</a></b></dd></dl> <p>Note that the <a href="/wiki/Alfil" title="Alfil">alfil</a> (♗) moves two squares diagonally, jumping over intermediate pieces; this allows it to jump over the white knight to deliver the <a href="/wiki/Discovered_attack" title="Discovered attack">discovered check</a> from the second rook with 2.Bf5+. It was said that a nobleman (playing White) wagered his wife Dilārām on a chess game and this position arose. She appealed "Sacrifice your two Rooks, and not me."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913311_(bottom)_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913311_(bottom)-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_early_literature" title="Chess in early literature">Chess in early literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_chess" title="History of chess">History of chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamerlane_chess" title="Tamerlane chess">Tamerlane chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_chess" title="Timeline of chess">Timeline of chess</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Vine-Artakhsir</i> refers to the game later known as <a href="/wiki/Nard_(game)" title="Nard (game)">Nard</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJean-Louis_Cazaux2012" class="citation web cs1">Jean-Louis Cazaux (2012-04-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.chess.free.fr/shatranj.htm">"Shatranj"</a>. History.chess.free.fr<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shatranj&rft.pub=History.chess.free.fr&rft.date=2012-04-20&rft.au=Jean-Louis+Cazaux&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.chess.free.fr%2Fshatranj.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abadis.ir/fatofa/%D8%B4%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC/">"شطرنج، دیکشنری آبادیس"</a> (in Persian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D8%B4%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%8C+%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C+%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabadis.ir%2Ffatofa%2F%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2586%25D8%25AC%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ANCIENT-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ANCIENT_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The name of the game in adjoining countries appears to be derived from chaturanga - chatrang in Persian, shatranj in Arabic, chanderaki in Tibetan are examples. This suggests that the game, as well as its name, came from India. Also, as will appear, it was believed in Persia that the game arrived there from India."<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/ancientboardgame0000unse"><i>Ancient board games in perspective : papers from the 1990 British Museum colloquium, with additional contributions</i></a>. London: British Museum Press. 2007. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7141-1153-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7141-1153-7"><bdi>978-0-7141-1153-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+board+games+in+perspective+%3A+papers+from+the+1990+British+Museum+colloquium%2C+with+additional+contributions&rft.place=London&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=British+Museum+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7141-1153-7&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fancientboardgame0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/ardashir.html">"The Karnamik-I-Ardashir, or The Records of Ardashir"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Karnamik-I-Ardashir%2C+or+The+Records+of+Ardashir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fordham.edu%2Fhalsall%2Fancient%2Fardashir.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurray1913">Murray 1913</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMurray1913 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ME-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ME_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEder2010" class="citation book cs1">Eder, Manfred A. J. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.chess.free.fr/papers/Eder%202007-2.pdf"><i>South Asian Archaeology 2007 Proceedings of the 19th Meeting of the European Association of South Asian Archaeology in Ravenna, Italy, July 2007, Volume II</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archaeopress Archaeology. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0674-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4073-0674-2"><bdi>978-1-4073-0674-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160414233414/http://history.chess.free.fr/papers/Eder%202007-2.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-04-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=South+Asian+Archaeology+2007+Proceedings+of+the+19th+Meeting+of+the+European+Association+of+South+Asian+Archaeology+in+Ravenna%2C+Italy%2C+July+2007%2C+Volume+II&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=Archaeopress+Archaeology&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4073-0674-2&rft.aulast=Eder&rft.aufirst=Manfred+A.+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.chess.free.fr%2Fpapers%2FEder%25202007-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBakker2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hans_T._Bakker" title="Hans T. Bakker">Bakker, Hans T.</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/34156496"><i>The Huns in Central and South Asia. How Two Centuries of War against Nomadic Invaders from the Steps are Concluded by a Game of Chess between the Kings of India and Iran</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Huns+in+Central+and+South+Asia.+How+Two+Centuries+of+War+against+Nomadic+Invaders+from+the+Steps+are+Concluded+by+a+Game+of+Chess+between+the+Kings+of+India+and+Iran&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Bakker&rft.aufirst=Hans+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F34156496&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJean-Louis_Cazaux2004" class="citation web cs1">Jean-Louis Cazaux (12 March 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.chess.free.fr/sources.htm">"The Enigma of Chess birth: The Old Texts: 6th, 7th and 8th centuries"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Enigma+of+Chess+birth%3A+The+Old+Texts%3A+6th%2C+7th+and+8th+centuries&rft.date=2004-03-12&rft.au=Jean-Louis+Cazaux&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.chess.free.fr%2Fsources.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dav22-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dav22_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavidson1949" class="citation cs2">Davidson, Henry (1949), <i>A Short History of Chess</i>, McKay, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-14550-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-679-14550-8"><bdi>0-679-14550-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+Chess&rft.pub=McKay&rft.date=1949&rft.isbn=0-679-14550-8&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span> (1981 paperback)*<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmms2004" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Emms_(chessmaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Emms (chessmaster)">Emms, John</a> (2004), <i>Starting Out: Minor Piece Endgames</i>, <a href="/wiki/Everyman_Chess" title="Everyman Chess">Everyman Chess</a>, p. 22, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85744-359-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-85744-359-4"><bdi>1-85744-359-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Starting+Out%3A+Minor+Piece+Endgames&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Everyman+Chess&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-85744-359-4&rft.aulast=Emms&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dav6364-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dav6364_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavidson1949" class="citation cs2">Davidson, Henry (1949), <i>A Short History of Chess</i>, McKay, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-14550-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-679-14550-8"><bdi>0-679-14550-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+Chess&rft.pub=McKay&rft.date=1949&rft.isbn=0-679-14550-8&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span> (1981 paperback)*<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmms2004" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Emms_(chessmaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Emms (chessmaster)">Emms, John</a> (2004), <i>Starting Out: Minor Piece Endgames</i>, <a href="/wiki/Everyman_Chess" title="Everyman Chess">Everyman Chess</a>, pp. 63–64, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85744-359-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-85744-359-4"><bdi>1-85744-359-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Starting+Out%3A+Minor+Piece+Endgames&rft.pages=63-64&rft.pub=Everyman+Chess&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-85744-359-4&rft.aulast=Emms&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJean-Louis_Cazaux2006" class="citation web cs1">Jean-Louis Cazaux (16 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.chess.free.fr/india.htm">"Indian Chess Sets"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indian+Chess+Sets&rft.date=2006-06-16&rft.au=Jean-Louis+Cazaux&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.chess.free.fr%2Findia.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shatranj-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shatranj_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalaMiller2023" class="citation web cs1">Bala, Gavin Jared; Miller, Kirk (22 December 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24020-shatranj-symbols.pdf">"Unicode request for <i>shatranj</i> symbols"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>unicode.org</i>. Unicode<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unicode.org&rft.atitle=Unicode+request+for+shatranj+symbols&rft.date=2023-12-22&rft.aulast=Bala&rft.aufirst=Gavin+Jared&rft.au=Miller%2C+Kirk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2024%2F24020-shatranj-symbols.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pipeline-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pipeline_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnicode" class="citation web cs1">Unicode. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unicode.org/alloc/Pipeline.html">"Proposed New Characters: The Pipeline"</a>. <i>unicode.org</i>. The Unicode Consortium<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unicode.org&rft.atitle=Proposed+New+Characters%3A+The+Pipeline&rft.au=Unicode&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funicode.org%2Falloc%2FPipeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Something similar also holds for both modern <a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">chess</a> (rook-knight-bishop and knight-queen), as well as <a href="/wiki/Tamerlane_chess" title="Tamerlane chess">Tamerlane chess</a> (general-vizier-elephant-catapult-knight and rook-general-knight-camel-giraffe).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/chess-a-board-game">"CHESS"</a>. ENCYCLOPÆDIA IRANICA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CHESS&rft.pub=ENCYCLOP%C3%86DIA+IRANICA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fchess-a-board-game&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaryaee2009" class="citation book cs1">Daryaee, Touraj (2009). <i>Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire</i>. I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781850438984" title="Special:BookSources/9781850438984"><bdi>9781850438984</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sasanian+Persia%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+an+Empire&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris+%26+Co+Ltd&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781850438984&rft.aulast=Daryaee&rft.aufirst=Touraj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rahamasha.net/uploads/2/3/2/8/2328777/chess.pdf">Explanation of chess and disposition of backgammon</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150612220623/http://www.rahamasha.net/uploads/2/3/2/8/2328777/chess.pdf">Archived</a> 2015-06-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNadīm_(al)1970" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Nadim" title="Ibn al-Nadim">Nadīm (al), Abū al-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq Abū Ya’qūb al-Warrāq</a> (1970). <a href="/wiki/Bayard_Dodge" title="Bayard Dodge">Dodge</a>, Bayard (ed.). <i>The Fihrist of al-Nadim; a tenth-century survey of Muslim culture</i>. Vol. i. New York & London: Columbia University Press. p. 341.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fihrist+of+al-Nadim%3B+a+tenth-century+survey+of+Muslim+culture&rft.place=New+York+%26+London&rft.pages=341&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Nad%C4%ABm+%28al%29&rft.aufirst=Ab%C5%AB+al-Faraj+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+ibn+Is%E1%B8%A5%C4%81q+Ab%C5%AB+Ya%E2%80%99q%C5%ABb+al-Warr%C4%81q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNadīm_(al-)1872" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Nadim" title="Ibn al-Nadim">Nadīm (al-), Abū al-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq</a> (1872). <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Leberecht_Fl%C3%BCgel" title="Gustav Leberecht Flügel">Flügel</a>, Gustav (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/KitabAlFihrist/page/n565"><i>Kitāb al-Fihrist</i></a> (in Arabic). <a href="/wiki/Leipzig" title="Leipzig">Leipzig</a>: F.C.W. Vogel. p. 567 (p.155).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kit%C4%81b+al-Fihrist&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=567+%28p.155%29&rft.pub=F.C.W.+Vogel&rft.date=1872&rft.aulast=Nad%C4%ABm+%28al-%29&rft.aufirst=Ab%C5%AB+al-Faraj+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+ibn+Is%E1%B8%A5%C4%81q&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FKitabAlFihrist%2Fpage%2Fn565&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray1913311_(bottom)-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray1913311_(bottom)_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurray1913">Murray 1913</a>, p. 311 (bottom).<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFMurray1913 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCazauxKnowlton2017" class="citation book cs1">Cazaux, Jean-Louis; Knowlton, Rick (2017). <i>A World of Chess</i>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-9427-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-9427-9"><bdi>978-0-7864-9427-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+World+of+Chess&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-9427-9&rft.aulast=Cazaux&rft.aufirst=Jean-Louis&rft.au=Knowlton%2C+Rick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Murray" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/H._J._R._Murray" title="H. J. R. Murray">Murray, H. J. R.</a> (1913). <i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Chess" title="A History of Chess">A History of Chess</a></i> (Reissued ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-827403-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-827403-3"><bdi>0-19-827403-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Chess&rft.edition=Reissued&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1913&rft.isbn=0-19-827403-3&rft.aulast=Murray&rft.aufirst=H.+J.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParlett1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Parlett" title="David Parlett">Parlett, David</a> (1999). "Shatranj (Islamic Chess)". <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofb0000parl"><i>The Oxford History of Board Games</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> Inc. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofb0000parl/page/296">296–99</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-212998-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-212998-8"><bdi>0-19-212998-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shatranj+%28Islamic+Chess%29&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Board+Games&rft.pages=296-99&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press+Inc&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-19-212998-8&rft.aulast=Parlett&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhistoryofb0000parl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShatranj" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shatranj&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.chess.free.fr/shatranj.htm">Shatranj, the medieval Arabian Chess</a> by Jean-Louis Cazaux</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessvariants.com/historic.dir/shatranj.html">Shatranj</a> by <a href="/wiki/Hans_L._Bodlaender" title="Hans L. Bodlaender">Hans L. Bodlaender</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chess_Variant_Pages" title="The Chess Variant Pages">The Chess Variant Pages</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24020-shatranj-symbols.pdf">Unicode request for <i>shatranj</i> symbols</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.schemingmind.com/home/journalarticle.aspx?article_id=170">The Time of Shatranj and the Aliyat</a> by Miguel Villa</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chessclub.com/help/shatranj">ICC shatranj rules</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/26064">Shatranj</a> at <a href="/wiki/BoardGameGeek" title="BoardGameGeek">BoardGameGeek</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Chess_variants" title="Template:Chess variants"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chess_variants" title="Template talk:Chess variants"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chess_variants" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chess variants"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chess_variants_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chess_variant" title="Chess variant">Chess variants</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_variants" title="List of chess variants">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orthodox rules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Different starting position</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fischer_random_chess" class="mw-redirect" title="Fischer random chess">Fischer random chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Displacement_chess" title="Displacement chess">Displacement chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_chess" title="Transcendental chess">Transcendental chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Different number of pieces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunsany%27s_chess" title="Dunsany's chess">Dunsany's chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handicap_(chess)" title="Handicap (chess)">Handicap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unorthodox board</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balbo%27s_game" title="Balbo's game">Balbo's game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_chess" title="Circular chess">Circular chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cylinder_chess" title="Cylinder chess">Cylinder chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_chess" title="Double chess">Double chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grid_chess" title="Grid chess">Grid chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexagonal_chess" title="Hexagonal chess">Hexagonal chess</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cross_chess" title="Cross chess">Cross chess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masonic_chess" title="Masonic chess">Masonic chess</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infinite_chess" title="Infinite chess">Infinite chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_3D_chess" title="Millennium 3D chess">Millennium 3D chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minichess" title="Minichess">Minichess</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Alamos_chess" title="Los Alamos chess">Los Alamos chess</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhombic_chess" title="Rhombic chess">Rhombic chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spherical_chess" title="Spherical chess">Spherical chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-dimensional_chess" title="Three-dimensional chess">Three-dimensional chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangular_chess" title="Triangular chess">Triangular chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unorthodox<br />rules with<br />traditional<br />pieces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standard<br />8×8 board</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andernach_chess" title="Andernach chess">Andernach chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_chess" title="Atomic chess">Atomic chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beirut_chess" title="Beirut chess">Beirut chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checkless_chess" title="Checkless chess">Checkless chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chessplus" title="Chessplus">Chessplus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe_chess" title="Circe chess">Circe chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crazyhouse" title="Crazyhouse">Crazyhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_chess" title="Cubic chess">Cubic chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamo_chess" title="Dynamo chess">Dynamo chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extinction_chess" title="Extinction chess">Extinction chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostage_chess" title="Hostage chess">Hostage chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_relay_chess" title="Knight relay chess">Knight relay chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legan_chess" title="Legan chess">Legan chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losing_chess" title="Losing chess">Losing chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasi_chess" title="Madrasi chess">Madrasi chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monochromatic_chess" title="Monochromatic chess">Monochromatic chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrol_chess" title="Patrol chess">Patrol chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlunderChess" title="PlunderChess">PlunderChess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal_chess" title="Portal chess">Portal chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_chess" title="Progressive chess">Progressive chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-check_chess" title="Three-check chess">Three-check chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_variants#Way_of_the_Knight" title="List of chess variants">Way of the Knight</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multimove variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avalanche_chess" title="Avalanche chess">Avalanche chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung-Fu_Chess" title="Kung-Fu Chess">Kung-Fu Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marseillais_chess" title="Marseillais chess">Marseillais chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_chess" title="Monster chess">Monster chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_chess" title="Progressive chess">Progressive chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elements of chance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dark_chess" title="Dark chess">Dark chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dice_chess" title="Dice chess">Dice chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knightmare_Chess" title="Knightmare Chess">Knightmare Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriegspiel_(chess)" title="Kriegspiel (chess)">Kriegspiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penultima" title="Penultima">Penultima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unorthodox rules on<br />an unorthodox board</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alice_chess" title="Alice chess">Alice chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypse_(chess_variant)" title="Apocalypse (chess variant)">Apocalypse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_(chess_variant)" title="Chad (chess variant)">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chessence" title="Chessence">Chessence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congo_(chess_variant)" title="Congo (chess variant)">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomat_chess" title="Diplomat chess">Diplomat chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragonfly_(chess_variant)" title="Dragonfly (chess variant)">Dragonfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeson_Mor" title="Jeson Mor">Jeson Mor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_worlds_chess" title="Parallel worlds chess">Parallel worlds chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollerball_(chess_variant)" title="Rollerball (chess variant)">Rollerball</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/5D_Chess_with_Multiverse_Time_Travel" title="5D Chess with Multiverse Time Travel">5D Chess with Multiverse Time Travel</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unorthodox<br />rules using<br />non-traditional<br />pieces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standard 8×8 board</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_chess" title="Baroque chess">Baroque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berolina_pawn#Berolina_chess" title="Berolina pawn">Berolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakra_(chess_variant)" title="Chakra (chess variant)">Chakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_with_different_armies" title="Chess with different armies">Chess with different armies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duell_(game)" title="Duell (game)">Duell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon%E2%80%93hunter_chess" title="Falcon–hunter chess">Falcon–hunter chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grasshopper_chess" title="Grasshopper chess">Grasshopper chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_variants#Musketeer_chess" title="List of chess variants">Musketeer chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_mutation_chess" title="Pocket mutation chess">Pocket mutation chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheskers" title="Cheskers">Cheskers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compound pieces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almost_chess" title="Almost chess">Almost chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capablanca_chess" title="Capablanca chess">Capablanca chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capablanca_chess#Postdating_Capablanca_chess" title="Capablanca chess">Capablanca random chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_chess" title="Chancellor chess">Chancellor chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Chess#Embassy_chess" title="Grand Chess">Embassy chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Chess" title="Grand Chess">Grand Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janus_Chess" title="Janus Chess">Janus Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharajah_and_the_Sepoys" title="Maharajah and the Sepoys">Maharajah and the Sepoys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_chess" title="Modern chess">Modern chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capablanca_chess#Seirawan_chess" title="Capablanca chess">Seirawan chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutti-frutti_chess" title="Tutti-frutti chess">Tutti-frutti chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unorthodox<br />boards and pieces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chesquerque" title="Chesquerque">Chesquerque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_on_a_really_big_board" title="Chess on a really big board">Chess on a really big board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courier_chess#Modern_rules" title="Courier chess">Courier-Spiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragonchess" title="Dragonchess">Dragonchess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gess" title="Gess">Gess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omega_Chess" title="Omega Chess">Omega Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratomic" title="Stratomic">Stratomic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangular_chess_(game)" title="Triangular chess (game)">Dekle's triangular chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_A.D._(chess_variant)" title="2000 A.D. (chess variant)">2000 A.D.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildebeest_chess" title="Wildebeest chess">Wildebeest chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_chess" title="Wolf chess">Wolf chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_variants#Variants_for_more_than_two_people" title="List of chess variants">Multiplayer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosworth_(game)" title="Bosworth (game)">Bosworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bughouse_chess" title="Bughouse chess">Bughouse chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_chess" title="Business chess">Business chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djambi" title="Djambi">Djambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchess_(chess_variant)" title="Duchess (chess variant)">Duchess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enochian_chess" title="Enochian chess">Enochian chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forchess" title="Forchess">Forchess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_chess" title="Fortress chess">Fortress chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Fronts" title="Four Fronts">Four Fronts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-player_chess" title="Four-player chess">Four-player chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mak-yek#Gala" title="Mak-yek">Gala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_and_brain" title="Hand and brain">Hand and brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quatrochess" title="Quatrochess">Quatrochess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-man_chess" title="Three-man chess">Three-man chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-player_chess" title="Three-player chess">Three-player chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tri-chess" title="Tri-chess">Tri-chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inspired games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arimaa" title="Arimaa">Arimaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jetan" title="Jetan">Jetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martian_chess" title="Martian chess">Martian chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navia_Dratp" title="Navia Dratp">Navia Dratp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Duke_(board_game)" title="The Duke (board game)">The Duke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chess-related<br />games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chadarangam" title="Chadarangam">Chadarangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaturaji" title="Chaturaji">Chaturaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaturanga" title="Chaturanga">Chaturanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courier_chess" title="Courier chess">Courier chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Acedrex" title="Grant Acedrex">Grant Acedrex</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shatranj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_assize" title="Short assize">Short assize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamerlane_chess" title="Tamerlane chess">Tamerlane chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Janggi" title="Janggi">Janggi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Janggi_variants" title="List of Janggi variants">variants</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makruk" title="Makruk">Makruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senterej" title="Senterej">Senterej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shatar" title="Shatar">Shatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shogi" title="Shogi">Shogi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chu_shogi" title="Chu shogi">Chu shogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_shogi" title="Dai shogi">Dai shogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shogi_variant" title="Shogi variant">Other variants</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sittuyin" title="Sittuyin">Sittuyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangqi" title="Xiangqi">Xiangqi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_(board_game)" title="Jungle (board game)">Jungle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banqi" title="Banqi">Banqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_chess" title="Manchu chess">Manchu chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Game of the Three Kingdoms">Game of the Three Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_of_the_Three_Friends" title="Game of the Three Friends">Game of the Three Friends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_of_the_Seven_Kingdoms" title="Game of the Seven Kingdoms">Game of the Seven Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangqi_variant" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiangqi variant">Other variants</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChessV" title="ChessV">ChessV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy-Max" class="mw-redirect" title="Fairy-Max">Fairy-Max</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XBoard" title="XBoard">XBoard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zillions_of_Games" title="Zillions of Games">Zillions of Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Correspondence_chess" title="Correspondence chess">Correspondence chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_chess" title="Fairy chess">Fairy chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_chess_piece" title="Fairy chess piece">Fairy chess piece</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fairy_Chess_Review" title="Fairy Chess Review">Fairy Chess Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chess_Variant_Pages" title="The Chess Variant Pages">The Chess Variant Pages</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chess" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chess" title="Template:Chess"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chess" title="Template talk:Chess"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chess" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chess"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chess" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">Chess</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_chess" title="Outline of chess">Outline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_theory" title="Chess theory">Chess theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_title" title="Chess title">Chess titles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_(chess)" title="Grandmaster (chess)">Grandmaster</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_chess" title="Computer chess">Computer chess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_computer_chess_terms" title="Glossary of computer chess terms">glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human%E2%80%93computer_chess_matches" title="Human–computer chess matches">matches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_engine" title="Chess engine">engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_software" title="List of chess software">software</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correspondence_chess" title="Correspondence chess">Correspondence chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE" title="FIDE">FIDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess" title="Glossary of chess">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_chess" title="Online chess">Online chess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premove" title="Premove">Premove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_chess_server" title="Internet chess server">Internet chess server</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_chess_servers" title="List of Internet chess servers">list</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_rating_system" title="Chess rating system">Rating system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_world_rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="FIDE world rankings">world rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_(chess)" title="Norm (chess)">norms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_variant" title="Chess variant">Variants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_variants" title="List of chess variants">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_world_records_in_chess" title="List of world records in chess">World records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_equipment" title="Chess equipment">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_set" title="Chess set">Chess set</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chessboard" title="Chessboard">chessboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik_chess_set" title="Dubrovnik chess set">Dubrovnik chess set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staunton_chess_set" title="Staunton chess set">Staunton chess set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_piece" title="Chess piece">Chess pieces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_(chess)" title="King (chess)">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_(chess)" title="Queen (chess)">Queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rook_(chess)" title="Rook (chess)">Rook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_(chess)" title="Bishop (chess)">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knight_(chess)" title="Knight (chess)">Knight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_(chess)" title="Pawn (chess)">Pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_chess_piece" title="Fairy chess piece">Fairy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_clock" title="Chess clock">Chess clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_table" title="Chess table">Chess table</a></li> <li><dfn><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#score_sheets" title="Glossary of chess"><span title="See entry at: Glossary of chess § Score sheets" style="color:inherit;" class="glossary-link">Score sheets</span></a></dfn></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_chess" title="History of chess">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_chess" title="Timeline of chess">Timeline</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Versus_de_scachis" title="Versus de scachis">Versus de scachis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_manuscript" title="Göttingen manuscript">Göttingen manuscript</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_chessmen" title="Charlemagne chessmen">Charlemagne chessmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_chessmen" title="Lewis chessmen">Lewis chessmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_chess" title="Romantic chess">Romantic chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypermodernism_(chess)" title="Hypermodernism (chess)">Hypermodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_chess_school" title="Soviet chess school">Soviet chess school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_top_chess_players_throughout_history" title="Comparison of top chess players throughout history">Top player comparison</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_chess" title="Geography of chess">Geography of chess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Africa" title="Chess in Africa">Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_South_Africa" title="Chess in South Africa">South Africa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_China" title="Chess in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Europe" title="Chess in Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Armenia" title="Chess in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_Spain" title="Chess in Spain">Spain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_India" title="Chess in India">India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_games" title="List of chess games">Notable games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_players" title="List of chess players">List of chess players</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_amateur_chess_players" title="List of amateur chess players">amateurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_chess_players" title="List of female chess players">female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_grandmasters" title="List of chess grandmasters">grandmasters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_chess" title="Women in chess">Women in chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chess_museums" title="Category:Chess museums">Chess museums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer_Center" title="Bobby Fischer Center">Bobby Fischer Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kyay_Association_Chess_Museum" title="Gökyay Association Chess Museum">Gökyay Association Chess Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Hall_of_Fame" title="World Chess Hall of Fame">World Chess Hall of Fame</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rules_of_chess" title="Rules of chess">Rules</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castling" title="Castling">Castling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheating_in_chess" title="Cheating in chess">Cheating in chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Check_(chess)" title="Check (chess)">Check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checkmate" title="Checkmate">Checkmate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draw_(chess)" title="Draw (chess)">Draw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Draw_by_agreement" title="Draw by agreement">by agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifty-move_rule" title="Fifty-move rule">Fifty-move rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_check" title="Perpetual check">Perpetual check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalemate" title="Stalemate">Stalemate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threefold_repetition" title="Threefold repetition">Threefold repetition</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/En_passant" title="En passant">En passant</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promotion_(chess)" title="Promotion (chess)">Pawn promotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_control" title="Time control">Time control</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fast_chess" title="Fast chess">Fast chess</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch-move_rule" title="Touch-move rule">Touch-move rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_and_Black_in_chess" title="White and Black in chess">White and Black</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess" title="Glossary of chess">Terms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blunder_(chess)" title="Blunder (chess)">Blunder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_notation" title="Chess notation">Chess notation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_notation_(chess)" title="Algebraic notation (chess)">algebraic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descriptive_notation" title="Descriptive notation">descriptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_Game_Notation" title="Portable Game Notation">PGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_annotation_symbols" title="Chess annotation symbols">annotation symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_symbols_in_Unicode" title="Chess symbols in Unicode">symbols in Unicode</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fianchetto" title="Fianchetto">Fianchetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambit" title="Gambit">Gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_square" title="Key square">Key square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_walk" title="King walk">King walk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_file" title="Open file">Open file</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-open_file" title="Half-open file">Half-open file</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outpost_(chess)" title="Outpost (chess)">Outpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_(chess)" title="Pawn (chess)">Pawns</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backward_pawn" title="Backward pawn">backward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connected_pawns" title="Connected pawns">connected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubled_pawns" title="Doubled pawns">doubled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolated_pawn" title="Isolated pawn">isolated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passed_pawn" title="Passed pawn">passed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swindle_(chess)" title="Swindle (chess)">Swindle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempo_(chess)" title="Tempo (chess)">Tempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transposition_(chess)" title="Transposition (chess)">Transposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_traps" title="List of chess traps">Trap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_tactic" title="Chess tactic">Tactics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castling#Artificial_castling" title="Castling">Artificial castling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_(chess)" title="Battery (chess)">Battery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alekhine%27s_gun" title="Alekhine's gun">Alekhine's gun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_(chess)" title="Block (chess)">Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Checkmate_pattern" title="Checkmate pattern">Checkmate patterns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_(chess)" title="Combination (chess)">Combination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decoy_(chess)" title="Decoy (chess)">Decoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deflection_(chess)" title="Deflection (chess)">Deflection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desperado_(chess)" title="Desperado (chess)">Desperado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovered_attack" title="Discovered attack">Discovered attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_check" title="Double check">Double check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fork_(chess)" title="Fork (chess)">Fork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interference_(chess)" title="Interference (chess)">Interference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overloading_(chess)" title="Overloading (chess)">Overloading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_storm" title="Pawn storm">Pawn storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pin_(chess)" title="Pin (chess)">Pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_(chess)" title="Sacrifice (chess)">Sacrifice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_sacrifice" title="Queen sacrifice">Queen sacrifice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skewer_(chess)" title="Skewer (chess)">Skewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undermining_(chess)" title="Undermining (chess)">Undermining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windmill_(chess)" title="Windmill (chess)">Windmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_(chess)" title="X-ray (chess)">X-ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwischenzug" title="Zwischenzug">Zwischenzug</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_strategy" title="Chess strategy">Strategy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compensation_(chess)" title="Compensation (chess)">Compensation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exchange_(chess)" title="Exchange (chess)">Exchange</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_exchange_(chess)" title="The exchange (chess)">the exchange</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_(chess)" title="Initiative (chess)">Initiative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First-move_advantage_in_chess" title="First-move advantage in chess">first-move advantage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_middlegame" title="Chess middlegame">Middlegame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawn_structure" title="Pawn structure">Pawn structure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hedgehog_(chess)" title="Hedgehog (chess)">Hedgehog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolated_pawn" title="Isolated pawn">Isolated Queen's Pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%B3czy_Bind" title="Maróczy Bind">Maróczy Bind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_attack" title="Minority attack">Minority attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_piece_relative_value" title="Chess piece relative value">Piece values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophylaxis_(chess)" title="Prophylaxis (chess)">Prophylaxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_chess" title="School of chess">School of chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_opening" title="Chess opening">Openings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flank_opening" title="Flank opening">Flank opening</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Fianchetto_Opening" title="King's Fianchetto Opening">Benko Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_Opening" title="Bird's Opening">Bird's Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunst_Opening" title="Dunst Opening">Dunst Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Opening" title="English Opening">English Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grob%27s_Attack" title="Grob's Attack">Grob's Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larsen%27s_Opening" class="mw-redirect" title="Larsen's Opening">Larsen's Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zukertort_Opening" title="Zukertort Opening">Zukertort Opening</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Indian_Attack" title="King's Indian Attack">King's Indian Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ti_Opening" title="Réti Opening">Réti Opening</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Pawn_Game" title="King's Pawn Game">King's Pawn Game</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alekhine%27s_Defence" title="Alekhine's Defence">Alekhine's Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caro%E2%80%93Kann_Defence" title="Caro–Kann Defence">Caro–Kann Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Defence" title="French Defence">French Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Defense" title="Modern Defense">Modern Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimzowitsch_Defence" title="Nimzowitsch Defence">Nimzowitsch Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Game" title="Open Game">Open Game</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Knights_Game" title="Four Knights Game">Four Knights Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuoco_Piano" title="Giuoco Piano">Giuoco Piano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Game" title="Italian Game">Italian Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Gambit" title="King's Gambit">King's Gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrov%27s_Defence" title="Petrov's Defence">Petrov's Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philidor_Defence" title="Philidor Defence">Philidor Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponziani_Opening" title="Ponziani Opening">Ponziani Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruy_Lopez" title="Ruy Lopez">Ruy Lopez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-Italian_Opening" title="Semi-Italian Opening">Semi-Italian Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotch_Game" title="Scotch Game">Scotch Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Knights_Defense" title="Two Knights Defense">Two Knights Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Game" title="Vienna Game">Vienna Game</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen%27s_Defence" title="Owen's Defence">Owen's Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirc_Defence" title="Pirc Defence">Pirc Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pirc_Defence,_Austrian_Attack" title="Pirc Defence, Austrian Attack">Austrian Attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Defense" title="Scandinavian Defense">Scandinavian Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence" title="Sicilian Defence">Sicilian Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Alapin_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Alapin Variation">Alapin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Dragon_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation">Dragon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Accelerated_Dragon" title="Sicilian Defence, Accelerated Dragon">Accelerated Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Najdorf_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation">Najdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Defence,_Scheveningen_Variation" title="Sicilian Defence, Scheveningen Variation">Scheveningen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Pawn_Game" title="Queen's Pawn Game">Queen's Pawn Game</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Gambit" title="Budapest Gambit">Budapest Gambit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colle_System" title="Colle System">Colle System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Defence" title="Dutch Defence">Dutch Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Defence" title="English Defence">English Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Defence" title="Indian Defence">Indian Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benoni_Defense" title="Benoni Defense">Benoni Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Benoni" title="Modern Benoni">Modern Benoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogo-Indian_Defence" title="Bogo-Indian Defence">Bogo-Indian Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_Opening" title="Catalan Opening">Catalan Opening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnfeld_Defence" title="Grünfeld Defence">Grünfeld Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Indian_Defence" title="King's Indian Defence">King's Indian Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimzo-Indian_Defence" title="Nimzo-Indian Defence">Nimzo-Indian Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Indian_Defense" title="Old Indian Defense">Old Indian Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Indian_Defense" title="Queen's Indian Defense">Queen's Indian Defence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_System" title="London System">London System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richter%E2%80%93Veresov_Attack" title="Richter–Veresov Attack">Richter–Veresov Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gambit" title="Queen's Gambit">Queen's Gambit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gambit_Accepted" title="Queen's Gambit Accepted">Accepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gambit_Declined" title="Queen's Gambit Declined">Declined</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slav_Defense" title="Slav Defense">Slav Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-Slav_Defense" title="Semi-Slav Defense">Semi-Slav Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chigorin_Defense" title="Chigorin Defense">Chigorin Defense</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torre_Attack" title="Torre Attack">Torre Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trompowsky_Attack" title="Trompowsky Attack">Trompowsky Attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_openings" title="List of chess openings">List of openings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_opening_theory_table" title="Chess opening theory table">theory table</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_gambits" title="List of chess gambits">List of chess gambits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irregular_chess_opening" title="Irregular chess opening">Irregular</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bongcloud_Attack" title="Bongcloud Attack">Bongcloud Attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fool%27s_mate" title="Fool's mate">Fool's mate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholar%27s_mate" title="Scholar's mate">Scholar's mate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_endgame" title="Chess endgame">Endgames</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_and_knight_checkmate" title="Bishop and knight checkmate">Bishop and knight checkmate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_and_pawn_versus_king_endgame" title="King and pawn versus king endgame">King and pawn vs king</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposite-colored_bishops_endgame" title="Opposite-colored bishops endgame">Opposite-coloured bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnless_chess_endgame" title="Pawnless chess endgame">Pawnless endgame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_and_pawn_versus_queen_endgame" title="Queen and pawn versus queen endgame">Queen and pawn vs queen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_versus_pawn_endgame" title="Queen versus pawn endgame">Queen vs pawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_versus_rook_endgame" title="Queen versus rook endgame">Queen vs rook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rook_and_bishop_versus_rook_endgame" title="Rook and bishop versus rook endgame">Rook and bishop vs rook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rook_and_pawn_versus_rook_endgame" title="Rook and pawn versus rook endgame">Rook and pawn vs rook</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucena_position" title="Lucena position">Lucena position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philidor_position" title="Philidor position">Philidor position</a></li></ul></li> <li>Strategy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_(chess)" title="Fortress (chess)">fortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_(chess)" title="Opposition (chess)">opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarrasch_rule" title="Tarrasch rule">Tarrasch rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangulation_(chess)" title="Triangulation (chess)">triangulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zugzwang" title="Zugzwang">Zugzwang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endgame_study" title="Endgame study">Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endgame_tablebase" title="Endgame tablebase">Tablebase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_knights_endgame" title="Two knights endgame">Two knights endgame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrong_bishop" title="Wrong bishop">Wrong bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrong_rook_pawn" title="Wrong rook pawn">Wrong rook pawn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chess_tournament" title="Chess tournament">Tournaments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_strong_chess_tournaments" title="List of strong chess tournaments">List of strong chess tournaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_Olympiad" title="Chess Olympiad">Chess Olympiad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Chess_Olympiad" title="Women's Chess Olympiad">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Championship" title="World Chess Championship">World Chess Championship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Chess_Championships" title="List of World Chess Championships">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidates_Tournament" title="Candidates Tournament">Candidates Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_World_Cup" title="Chess World Cup">Chess World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE_Grand_Prix" title="FIDE Grand Prix">FIDE Grand Prix</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other world championships <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_World_Chess_Championship" title="Women's World Chess Championship">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Team_Chess_Championship" title="World Team Chess Championship">Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Rapid_Chess_Championship" title="World Rapid Chess Championship">Rapid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Blitz_Chess_Championship" title="World Blitz Chess Championship">Blitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Junior_Chess_Championship" title="World Junior Chess Championship">Junior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Youth_Chess_Championship" title="World Youth Chess Championship">Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Senior_Chess_Championship" title="World Senior Chess Championship">Senior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Amateur_Chess_Championship" title="World Amateur Chess Championship">Amateur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Championship_of_Chess_Composition" title="World Championship of Chess Composition">Chess composition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chess_Solving_Championship" title="World Chess Solving Championship">Solving</a></li></ul></li> <li>Computer chess championships <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess.com_Computer_Chess_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="Chess.com Computer Chess Championship">CCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Open_Computer_Chess_Championship" title="Dutch Open Computer Chess Championship">CSVN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Computer_Chess_Championship" title="North American Computer Chess Championship">North American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Chess_Engine_Championship" title="Top Chess Engine Championship">TCEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Computer_Chess_Championship" title="World Computer Chess Championship">WCCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Computer_Speed_Chess_Championship" title="World Computer Speed Chess Championship">WCSCC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art and media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ca%C3%AFssa" title="Caïssa">Caïssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_aesthetics" title="Chess aesthetics">Chess aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_the_arts" title="Chess in the arts">Chess in the arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_in_early_literature" title="Chess in early literature">early literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_chess" title="Category:Films about chess">film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Novels_about_chess" title="Category:Novels about chess">novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chess_paintings" title="Category:Chess paintings">paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Poems_about_chess" title="Category:Poems about chess">poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_stories_about_chess" title="Category:Short stories about chess">short stories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_books" title="List of chess books">Chess books</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chess_opening_book" title="Chess opening book">opening books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_endgame_literature" title="Chess endgame literature">endgame literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Companion_to_Chess" title="The Oxford Companion to Chess"><i>Oxford Companion</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_libraries" title="Chess libraries">Chess libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_columns_in_newspapers" title="Chess columns in newspapers">Chess newspaper columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chess_periodicals" title="List of chess periodicals">Chess periodicals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arbiter_(chess)" title="Arbiter (chess)">Arbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_boxing" title="Chess boxing">Chess boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_club" title="Chess club">Chess club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_composer" title="Chess composer">Chess composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_engine" title="Chess engine">Chess engine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaZero" title="AlphaZero">AlphaZero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Blue_(chess_computer)" title="Deep Blue (chess computer)">Deep Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leela_Chess_Zero" title="Leela Chess Zero">Leela Chess Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockfish_(chess)" title="Stockfish (chess)">Stockfish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_problem" title="Chess problem">Chess problem</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_chess_problems" title="Glossary of chess problems">glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joke_chess_problem" title="Joke chess problem">joke chess</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_prodigy" title="Chess prodigy">Chess prodigy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_exhibition" title="Simultaneous exhibition">Simultaneous exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solving_chess" title="Solving chess">Solving chess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chess.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/28px-Chess.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/42px-Chess.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/56px-Chess.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> 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