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Useful Links</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6339"><a href="/equality-diversity-inclusion/ioa-equality-diversity-inclusion-activities/members-ioa-selected">Members of the IoA - Selected Biographies</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6341"><a href="/people-institute/equality-diversity-inclusion/celebrating-women-astronomy">Celebrating Women in Astronomy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6624"><a href="/people/equality-diversity-inclusion/international-womens-day-ioa">International Women&#039;s Day @ the IoA</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6337"><a href="/equality-diversity-inclusion/ioa-anonymous-reporting-tool-and-other-ways-reporting-inappropriate">IoA anonymous reporting tool and other ways of reporting inappropriate behaviour</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-11227"><a href="/people/equality-diversity-inclusion/work-life-balance-resources">Work-Life Balance Resources</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-6564"><a 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href="/current-students/undergraduate">Undergraduate overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6248"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department">The UG Department</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6248"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department">The UG Department overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6352"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department/practical-matters">Practical Matters</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6246"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department/extracurricular-activities">Extracurricular Activities</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6353"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department/teaching-committee">The Teaching Committee</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6245"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department/transferable-skills">Transferable Skills</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-6471"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department/undergraduate-supervisors">Undergraduate Supervisors</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6471"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/ug-department/undergraduate-supervisors">Undergraduate Supervisors overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6476"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/resources-supervisors/training">Training</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6477"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/undergraduate-supervisors/payment">Payment</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6009"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii">Part II</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6009"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii">Part II overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6031"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/teaching-and-learning">Teaching and Learning</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6031"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/teaching-and-learning">Teaching and Learning overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6367"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/teaching-and-learning/michaelmas-term-courses">Michaelmas Term Courses</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6368"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/teaching-and-learning/lent-term-courses">Lent Term Courses</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6349"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/coursework">Coursework</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6030"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/examinations">Examinations</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6465"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/part-ii-calendar">The Part II Calendar</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6467"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-ii/beyond-part-ii">Beyond Part II</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-6011"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast">Part III/MASt</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6011"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast">Part III/MASt overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6342"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/teaching-and-learning">Teaching and Learning</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6342"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/teaching-and-learning">Teaching and Learning overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6380"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/teaching-and-learning/recommended-course-list">Recommended Course List</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6350"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/examinations">Examinations</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6355"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/research-project">The Research Project</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6466"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/part-iiimast-calendar">The Part III/MASt Calendar</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6468"><a href="/current-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/beyond-part-iii">Beyond Part III</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-6205"><a href="/students/current-students/postgraduate">Postgraduate</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6205"><a href="/students/current-students/postgraduate">Postgraduate overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6376"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa">Postgraduate Life at the IoA</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6376"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa">Postgraduate Life at the IoA overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6204"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa/whos-who">Who&#039;s Who</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6198"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa/your-first-few-weeks">Your First Few Weeks</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6200"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa/lectures-seminars-talks-and-events">Lectures, Seminars, Talks and Events</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6372"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa/undergraduate-teaching">Undergraduate Teaching</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6370"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa/outreach">Outreach</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6199"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/postgraduate-life-ioa/department">Departmental Life</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6203"><a href="/students/current-students/postgraduate/computing">Computing</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-6378"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd">Your PhD</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6378"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd">Your PhD overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6201"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd/progress-assessment-and-feedback">Progress, Assessment and Feedback</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6373"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd/researcher-development">Researcher Development</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6202"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd/research-related-travel">Research Related Travel</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6375"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd/careers-service">The Careers Service</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6371"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd/maintenance-funding">Maintenance Funding</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6359"><a href="/current-students/postgraduate/your-phd/murdin-prize">The Murdin Prize</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6013"><a href="/students/prospective-students">Prospective Students</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6013"><a href="/students/prospective-students">Prospective Students overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6014"><a href="/students/prospective-students/undergraduate">Undergraduate</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6014"><a href="/students/prospective-students/undergraduate">Undergraduate overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6041"><a href="/prospective-students/undergraduate/part-ii">Part II</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6039"><a href="/prospective-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast">Part III/MASt</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6039"><a href="/prospective-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast">Part III/MASt overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6381"><a href="/prospective-students/undergraduate/part-iiimast/special-cases">Special Cases</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6037"><a href="/prospective-students/undergraduate/faqs">FAQs</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-6015"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate">Postgraduate</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6015"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate">Postgraduate overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6016"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/phd-astronomy">PhD in Astronomy</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6016"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/phd-astronomy">PhD in Astronomy overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6020"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/phd-astronomy/how-apply">How to Apply</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6025"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/phd-astronomy/funding-phd-students">Funding for PhD Students</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6024"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/phd-astronomy/supervisors-and-their-research-interests">Projects &amp; Supervisors</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6019"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/phd-astronomy/faqs">FAQs</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6579"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/phd-astronomy/academic-requirements">Academic Requirements</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6018"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/mast-astrophysics-taught-masters">MASt in Astrophysics (Taught Masters)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6026"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/mphil-astronomy-research-masters">MPhil in Astronomy (Research Masters)</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6622"><a href="https://www.pslu.masters.cam.ac.uk/" title="">M.Phil. in Planetary Science and Life in the Universe (Taught Masters)</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6027"><a href="/students/prospective-students/postgraduate/our-funding-partners">Our Funding Partners</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-7752"><a href="/students/summer-internship-programme">Summer Internship</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first last collapsed menu-mlid-7752"><a href="/students/summer-internship-programme">Summer Internship overview</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6618"><a href="https://www.public.ast.cam.ac.uk" title="">Public</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2415"><a href="/events" title="">Meetings</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-2415"><a href="/events" title="">Meetings overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-4163"><a href="/events/past-events" title="">Past Meetings</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8882"><a href="/international-womens-day-2024-0">IWD</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6594"><a href="/talks">Talks</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6599"><a href="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/aggregator/sources/8" title="">Vacancies</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6599"><a href="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/aggregator/sources/8" title="">Vacancies overview</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-9022"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities">Externally Funded Opportunities</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-9022"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities">Externally Funded Opportunities overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10172"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/horizon-europe-erc-starting-grants">Horizon Europe ERC Starting Grants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9042"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/leverhulme-trustisaac-newton-trust-early-career-fellowship">Leverhulme Trust/Isaac Newton Trust Early Career Fellowship</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9102"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/marie-sklodowska-curie-postdoctoral-fellowships">Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9112"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/royal-astronomical-society-research-fellowships">Royal Astronomical Society Research Fellowships</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9052"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/royal-commission-exhibition-1851-research-fellowship">Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 Research Fellowship</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9032"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/royal-society-dorothy-hodgkin-fellowships">Royal Society - Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowships</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9062"><a href="/vacancy/royal-society-career-development-fellowship">Royal Society Career Development Fellowship</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9072"><a href="/vacancy/royal-society-newton-international-fellowships">Royal Society Newton International Fellowships</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-9082"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/royal-society-university-research-fellowships">Royal Society University Research Fellowships</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-9092"><a href="/externallyfundedopportunities/stfc-ernest-rutherford-fellowships">STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowships</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6357"><a href="/facilities" title="">Facilities</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6357"><a href="/facilities" title="">Facilities overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6206"><a href="/library">Library</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6206"><a href="/library">Library overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6210"><a href="/contact-library" title="The author The title The journal details (if applicable)">Book/Journal Request</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6207"><a href="/library/library-guide">Library Guide</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6207"><a href="/library/library-guide">Library Guide overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6208"><a href="/library/library-guide/dewhirst-classification">Dewhirst Classification</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6209"><a href="/library/library-news">Library News</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6212"><a href="/library/pictures-photographs">Pictures &amp; Photographs</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6212"><a href="/library/pictures-photographs">Pictures &amp; Photographs overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6213"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/astronomers">Astronomers</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6214"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/astronomical-objects">Astronomical Objects</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6215"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/charts-maps-graphs">Charts, Maps &amp; Graphs</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6216"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6217"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/eclipse-expeditions">Eclipse Expeditions</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6218"><a href="/library/pictures-photographs/manuscripts">Manuscripts</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6219"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6220"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/observatories">Observatories</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6221"><a href="/library/pictures-photographs/spectra">Spectra</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6222"><a href="/facilities/library/pictures-photographs/telescopes-and-instruments">Telescopes and Instruments</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6211"><a href="/library/useful-links">Useful Links</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6181"><a href="/computing">Computing</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6181"><a href="/computing">Computing overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-7642"><a href="/computing/high-performance-computing">High Performance Computing</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-7642"><a href="/computing/high-performance-computing">High Performance Computing overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7622"><a href="/computing/high-performance-computing/getting-account">Getting an account</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-7632"><a href="/computing/high-performance-computing/storage-and-filesystems-csd3">Storage and Filesystems</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6182"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers">Printers, Scanners &amp; Copiers</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6182"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers">Printers, Scanners &amp; Copiers overview</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-6183"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup">Printer Setup</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6183"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup">Printer Setup overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6189"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup/windows-hp-laserjet">Windows: HP LaserJet</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6188"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup/windows-bizhub">Windows: Konica-Minolta Bizhub</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6190"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup/windows-xerox-phaser">Windows: Xerox Phaser</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6192"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup/macos-hp-laserjet">macOS: HP LaserJet</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6191"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup/macos-bizhub">macOS: Konica-Minolta Bizhub</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6193"><a href="/computing/printers-scanners-copiers/printer-setup/macos-xerox-phaser">macOS: Xerox Phaser</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-10092"><a href="/computing/setup-ssh-2fa">SSH gateway MFA setup</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6184"><a href="/computing/vpn">University and IoA VPN</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6184"><a href="/computing/vpn">University and IoA VPN overview</a></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-6185"><a href="/computing/vpn/configure">Configure the IoA Managed Virtual Private Network (VPN)</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-6185"><a href="/computing/vpn/configure">Configure the IoA Managed Virtual Private Network (VPN) overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6186"><a href="/computing/vpn/configure/setup">Setup the VPN on Fedora Core</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-7582"><a href="/computing/vpn/windows">PSS (Windows 10) guide</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6187"><a href="/computing/wireless">Wireless</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-6623"><a href="/telescopes">Telescopes</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-7542"><a href="/intranet">Intranet</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-7542"><a href="/intranet">Intranet overview</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7552"><a href="/raven/login" title="">Raven Login</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-7562"><a href="/intranet/ioa-only-intranet">IoA only</a><ul class="campl-unstyled-list local-dropdown-menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-7562"><a href="/intranet/ioa-only-intranet">IoA only overview</a></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-7872"><a href="/intranet/ioa-only-intranet/help" title="Website Editing Help">Website Editing Help</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first collapsed menu-mlid-7872"><a href="/intranet/ioa-only-intranet/help" title="Website Editing Help">Website Editing Help overview</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-7942"><a href="/intranet/ioa-only-intranet/help/test-page-image-and-toc">Test Page with an Image</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> </ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="campl-row campl-page-header"> <div class="campl-wrap clearfix"> <div class="campl-column9 campl-recessed-carousel"> <div class="region region-carousel"> <div id="block-views-carousel-block" class="block block-views"> <div> <div class="view view-carousel view-id-carousel view-display-id-block section-carousel campl-carousel clearfix campl-banner view-dom-id-250b10e3dff57c93ecec4e77a4d0220d"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="campl-carousel-container"> <ul class="campl-unstyled-list campl-slides"> <li class="campl-slide campl-column12"> <span property="dc:title" content="Do you want to study at the Institute of Astronomy? Find out more about our postgraduate courses and how to apply for entry in 2025" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><div class="image-container"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/students/prospective-students/postgraduate"><img typeof="foaf:Image" class="campl-scale-with-grid" src="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/styles/carousel/public/homepage-carousel/carousel_teaching12.jpg?itok=3ssDIigt" alt="" /></a></div></div></div></div> <div class="campl-slide-caption"> <a href="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/students/prospective-students/postgraduate"> <span class="campl-slide-caption-txt">Do you want to study at the Institute of Astronomy? Find out more about our postgraduate courses and how to apply for entry in 2025</span> </a> </div> </li> <li class="campl-slide campl-column12"> <span property="dc:title" content="Interferometry of stunning spiral arms around young star reveals gravity’s hand in planet formation" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><div class="image-container"> <div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/news/alma-detects-hallmark-wiggle-gravitational-instability-planet-forming-disk"><img typeof="foaf:Image" class="campl-scale-with-grid" src="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/styles/carousel/public/homepage-carousel/untitled.001_6.jpeg?itok=ZugxFgBs" alt="" /></a></div></div></div></div> <div class="campl-slide-caption"> <a href="https://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/news/alma-detects-hallmark-wiggle-gravitational-instability-planet-forming-disk"> <span 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