CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "www.worldscientific.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '928bb0a82f0ea198',cH: 'sx7F3Rwo5ZuljdGlc7cy1Mk9VgZQ.vYj5juGDh9W3rk-1743380522-1.2.1.1-hIi_qMUvOvGMNC1NNYurbmauZGXIuY2136HYlwoVd9iyfsrnCZY14w0BGD7kFlEK',cUPMDTk: "\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0219691305000841?__cf_chl_tk=aeJJv8ArkkT8HEkH4gxc5j2o0KX83.D6k7GjzIwKlaM-1743380522-1.0.1.1-ch0zjtFC51zomLEfMv6utKM8yJHwfEY.y9hox6EoMAk",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1743380522',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0219691305000841?__cf_chl_f_tk=aeJJv8ArkkT8HEkH4gxc5j2o0KX83.D6k7GjzIwKlaM-1743380522-1.0.1.1-ch0zjtFC51zomLEfMv6utKM8yJHwfEY.y9hox6EoMAk",md: "FnHXpdo5vPvIsZPonkrStdzXqrUtxlm2gwRtJlpTuzo-1743380522-1.2.1.1-P.AkaJym1X6x6oZ_.qRzsicZM6cYaOAU6nk49bPS5u1dWh4dqG8bdhRX2Cc4hYUSbmoLWii9xduVn7GKSOKk1dyB_mwnMZhHA_4GlvOvvgNeV0JwfP4nAB38pSgyLUpGy5bg10Ddnh9wPja1YYnui8srhjc_u1_WKoauwCo5dRdA9KciicKS3WssrNn1BJP0Pv2yCwhTwAfP0xuLckYE1_1a5a56G_queNDChdLGW6H5wjZ7VOCLYVybBnDV0TZ.t2T57fcAKTxT9ZdkslWeoVa5oMaBS6lG4_QigsoMkM2I_DSCO7ajv1sWizshEmPQu5URGlnbfHK4wyo1haBxqL9p3x8ewy4VXcAoqnaxEQT585w0eCQjl1GRnxG00CbO3gRq7zOJTYy3LDSeQMruPjsh_noDSh88figecn0HSKjmRQLQNtbQ7t7HrIK3j_jtLzVZ52qZUM5BMBv3IHVE1vGImKHvtcHQISP1XWvbfxljKJpuk15qeJSYzdLJ0a_3C4EQCe89ja5vAfahuLei8z1UIQEnWq2oA6uYREXW9HaNamEO5qgl5KkW89BSOhBjbr4yb5v1OF3n7XBWiPvmGGtE2E3amj_fM_H4DplMjMgcqFn_G7WNDNIJ9aiNq82S9iQHYfTLfg1V6baH6KTUvp4dhLkMusM27zX_pXvN.QBscX1783QRBMkHzKpXehmtydAHPj9YtaZxm8mN2.OrgXbTakYFOYUS5SoftszA51E9wHYQ2CHNLzsE0ATBDS864tnL9tg7QkuZCLGqe5g9hTg_Dde9E0vo5KsmyRpNYPKOz2UOr_.3AXDcZKoW7MjRMJDNwpbGcEfKNqj.Ahim2bjzqYosJHy5q3SJkSZPgdzr0SBj.wVwLKH7V6OZm6BbiaoUW5hZVGlJD4bQEQHlIaT6fRmkB7tGLULzh84jmtNv9vn1CtkH.YDFlLxFpDUd4b1KUtFz0SHr9MFSq7sKBGjfnbcuu_GVWyEMyN5A0AY8OVuKF4_3eZQq.Y76j1vcjkqSc1rU54jO8xNPRv7F.N0q2VDYvStgdnBbIOc5Ns1yJzM3VsNNybKSXRgrMbyKrKdJrara9ceetOYkIRiOQMxwaww_11yVHNjKb2aRKHGeZoUw9F_pV03.mshBBY._X02Ly9i37gU61QEh44o0kDtGslOB5U5Gij8c0V2xf.dhrueK1s1b3zn54ZHfvlikM4mylDafKFHJh9pZoALxhT5vDZEHNaM5uscX3LQjd6xfVxfucVAggcLPZhyBfbPCOA6h2dhSPamHsZbtzKNr.D4rKBIcKcS5w43GsOv.LXc",mdrd: ".4cTiAbBiWT_gx0DxH5cnHdfjoR719I1s0VroNVohW4-1743380522-1.2.1.1-nG20BWu8uTBzimzl490sI0HsJWgS_mjqysc7cUNu61V7xDmweUIE7Mu1kJvg36WC0LE4ERbObNDtPim5.NkWqPd7sfT1LbLKL6bTE3RofSMZzwcLhvdhnDdmr4TfGcU_UZYFO5W0OariKs5_8xPP_9Rw7.8Fxh6uperUhQlZQW7A10yWUkCbphliqaeo3CKrSYf1_9K1Ot06h9XQ0it4XBhAYc..4SdjBLphHL0SLQxzGbi9WGfFnsXd8YPqRB_pTEprDoarEg454PY6xS4iq5zwdlBk9lX1i8zb0Q22M7ZtS74d4d8c9j7WKl.r3g5wVhSh50uyRC_Lb4ntHxwy7_CmCp398PztkhSGs90C5Uz7ztrb9v69fLsGYkujAN7pFsB5EnQgUE6qUCCrfA32CvHt5yvI6JEf2YYlMfZO40oP9d7QuIA6lXfUB18.Io447qeGKhfewDCtQ7KnPbus3VHQQZoDobg1xv53L.FlFTsRbmC0no7_JSSQqEJ6nUm5MGSBo9ldNkxKDu8zwc2zWuWAvbQgnwTYAVc1S0ZX8yZyiC4acls7xdFnm4FPGmrzHqqy25umOhkTZJMpzW3wN.OZOhR6kqm0bd7Y6z2g0DYYb0A8W0WysMEgH6I9A.7bN7lr6C0xIssRRzHr8CczxxY9IMh2fcY1hkXiyK_OrtoQzevSacVn4VBeYD_FSiSWDBMYn0E89X7.s6JU4ULkZWmZjVlS7mPoJUNSR7NJL7vg0ECZdxwlFQ7x6TfWtG8TC0rcridc6qxReVTr.MSjp65r37uL1p.hftkclqCUlbsrZyc3dj8SX9ni7LOQLXywtorNP3IU94p1b1AdDVVjgRSSPpN_gMJwjA3e3NHFRmS.LhZhUW_sBMjXFR6ffjphutO4wodm_F3tvZ8NLeOiYiXvZn8MIYVnC_sJY.TwEMYEWd.TTGx8pb0o569UEsU4YCV3UQ8JPTZvZ1mG6cQz0t0DN0Qxistu.h8r2eTBpBeQ7EFoOgXb5gpsVJxW5dY1SyKI1N7Ynh0V24oCwJFYfLXPAK91.suXE9V0Jfvf0iDqQpBfyYgTyhUMn8ogV43AkTYQ1R1lfjHmHy5V0FcUfKgoGq_g0YUeCpTNTvCgTrx..SAoAmGi4upkDLWoI_eXCzAqpLzLVcCsT4cxU6oL0VYGlIU5Eq1UsiqWCh01GGyfgQUlYSEpLOB_o.eOzjWXPw1KE3oeiVprSiZ.gwu0PfDz2TmStJLshBfuxR3cWP.JXQ7ZJ1Rn_vTT7WwXvzglRniKtPl1kE0vixRC4g5rg3HKyXhUZ4UUAeiOFKU2NWLOjmOhrTAkOFYkczegVPXkoMbwMo1GHK14kTGbrlLn6zA29BXJr_SLBfORXbz2SzKdmodS9nbpKmIhD6Qrg_QH6hxZ6K5GKwo0PWUf44kZtQHZ6qvIyHinkJpgSo3L16n8.OwBawFRRkeSW8RsKq8LUJUbSKnrkk97_a4VZ_X9WrsasSqbJk9C2hOA8iqb2dAJQDgQS35vWd2GIM5.hPqKn6_9L14BkKRzl0UQwRsrMQlOSyPqT25r5yoXwSrJ92dHnctksW5Ft.pzRgW46HehNEyQyhOkMml7omxJ9XBNgH1GhWiTgOpnL_0V2jDg5m48.SDfkZ_Cy5nKpD4gxXgY2OTP9ZGt9UniWoWYjH4tS7QlOghmaQXknNnfvPC377nC5rsoa6IX4o.l8g0WlDHaMl_bmdFrWHgYOSCKGN1xEsl9LTw8EhqazYl.Hqd9mTQ7HTQIuw6nnQknre.LBKmAFdgkN0OsYfn8qQ5zqi_mQ0Po3C7FOimWA6vycn6JGREnbCsH.QRnv8Z2qsVTqNZPlmwOScd8SAfG6_0p.yGzsxGaWGz1hhlBqkaH_EHnbr9isUKDWZ1ZWmYTFDTDtD77uUa0qR6OHNllv0rBj8e8iHx8LB76MR40Q71Gn0v1HiZ.V..x8urjfoCLPQwZdKXetriVtVpgY_zpqNoFS.cB0Nzofsr83TWLxpFe1l6YIRYDWD11W5xwq7ojo_VvvPl3CJSlORe4NSoTIThJonWHL0X6GjDR6Wg.O5NO8HE.tQA"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=928bb0a82f0ea198';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/doi\/abs\/10.1142\/S0219691305000841?__cf_chl_rt_tk=aeJJv8ArkkT8HEkH4gxc5j2o0KX83.D6k7GjzIwKlaM-1743380522-1.0.1.1-ch0zjtFC51zomLEfMv6utKM8yJHwfEY.y9hox6EoMAk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>