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class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tipi_di_biomolecole" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tipi_di_biomolecole"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tipi di biomolecole</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tipi_di_biomolecole-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nucleosidi_e_nucleotidi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nucleosidi_e_nucleotidi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nucleosidi e nucleotidi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nucleosidi_e_nucleotidi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saccaridi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saccaridi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Saccaridi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saccaridi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lipidi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lipidi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Lipidi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lipidi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amminoacidi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amminoacidi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Amminoacidi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Amminoacidi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Amminoacidi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Amminoacidi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Struttura_delle_proteine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Struttura_delle_proteine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Struttura delle proteine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Struttura_delle_proteine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metalloproteine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metalloproteine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Metalloproteine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metalloproteine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ormoni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ormoni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ormoni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ormoni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vitamine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vitamine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vitamine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vitamine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Biomolecola</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 64 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekule" title="Biomolekule - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Biomolekule" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecula" title="Biomolecula - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Biomolecula" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A1_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A" title="جزيء حيوي - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزيء حيوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomol%C3%A9cula" title="Biomolécula - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biomolécula" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Биомолекула - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Биомолекула" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3" title="जीवकण - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जीवकण" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%81" title="জীবজ অণু - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জীবজ অণু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekule" title="Biomolekule - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Biomolekule" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomol%C3%A8cula" title="Biomolècula - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biomolècula" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekula" title="Biomolekula - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Biomolekula" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Биомолекула - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Биомолекула" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekyle" title="Biomolekyle - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Biomolekyle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturstoff" title="Naturstoff - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Naturstoff" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Βιομόριο - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βιομόριο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule" title="Biomolecule - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Biomolecule" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekulo" title="Biomolekulo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Biomolekulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomol%C3%A9cula" title="Biomolécula - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biomolécula" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekula" title="Biomolekula - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Biomolekula" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84" title="زیست‌مولکول - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زیست‌مولکول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekyyli" title="Biomolekyyli - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Biomolekyyli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomol%C3%A9cule" title="Biomolécule - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Biomolécule" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bith-mhoileciuil" title="Bith-mhoileciuil - gaelico scozzese" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bith-mhoileciuil" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelico scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomol%C3%A9cula" title="Biomolécula - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Biomolécula" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94" title="ביומולקולה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ביומולקולה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81" title="जैवाणु - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जैवाणु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" title="生体物質 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="生体物質" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%96" title="ម៉ូលេគុលជីវភាព - khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ម៉ូលេគុលជីវភាព" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95-%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A3%E0%B3%81" title="ಜೈವಿಕ-ಅಣು - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜೈವಿಕ-ಅಣು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EC%B2%B4%EB%B6%84%EC%9E%90" title="생체분자 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생체분자" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecula" title="Biomolecula - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Biomolecula" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biumulecula" title="Biumulecula - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Biumulecula" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - menangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="menangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0" title="ജൈവതന്മാത്ര - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജൈവതന്മാത്ര" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Биомолекул - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Биомолекул" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecuul" title="Biomolecuul - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Biomolecuul" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekyl" title="Biomolekyl - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Biomolekyl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomoleku%C5%82a" title="Biomolekuła - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Biomolekuła" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomol%C3%A9cula" title="Biomolécula - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biomolécula" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecul%C4%83" title="Biomoleculă - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biomoleculă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Биомолекулы - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Биомолекулы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule" title="Biomolecule - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Biomolecule" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekula" title="Biomolekula - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Biomolekula" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekula" title="Biomolekula - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Biomolekula" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolikule" title="Biomolikule - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Biomolikule" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekul" title="Biomolekul - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Biomolekul" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolekyl" title="Biomolekyl - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Biomolekyl" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="உயிரிமூலக்கூறு - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உயிரிமூலக்கூறு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A3%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="జీవ అణువులు - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జీవ అణువులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E" title="โมเลกุลชีวภาพ - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โมเลกุลชีวภาพ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyomolek%C3%BCl" title="Biyomolekül - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Biyomolekül" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Біомолекули - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Біомолекули" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حیاتیاتی مرکبات - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حیاتیاتی مرکبات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%AD_sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Phân tử sinh học - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phân tử sinh học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="生物分子 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="生物分子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C" title="ביאמאלעקול - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ביאמאלעקול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="生物分子 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="生物分子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="生物分子 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="生物分子" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q206229#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biomolecola" title="Vedi la voce [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Voce</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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href="/wiki/Speciale:PuntanoQui/Biomolecola" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine che sono collegate a questa [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Puntano qui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:ModificheCorrelate/Biomolecola" rel="nofollow" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche alle pagine collegate a questa [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Modifiche correlate</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PagineSpeciali" title="Elenco di tutte le pagine speciali [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pagine speciali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&oldid=137068954" title="Collegamento permanente a questa versione di questa pagina"><span>Link permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=info" title="Ulteriori informazioni su questa pagina"><span>Informazioni pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Cita&page=Biomolecola&id=137068954&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazioni su come citare questa pagina"><span>Cita questa voce</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBiomolecola"><span>Ottieni URL breve</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBiomolecola"><span>Scarica codice QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stampa/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Biomolecola"><span>Crea un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:DownloadAsPdf&page=Biomolecola&action=show-download-screen"><span>Scarica come PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&printable=yes" title="Versione stampabile di questa pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versione stampabile</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri progetti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biomolecules" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q206229" title="Collegamento all'elemento connesso dell'archivio dati [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Strumenti pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecole&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Biomolecole">Biomolecole</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r133964453">.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-div>div,.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata plainlinks avviso avviso-contenuto"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Niente fonti!"><img alt="Niente fonti!" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/45px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/68px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/90px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce o sezione  sull'argomento biomolecole <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">non cita le fonti necessarie</a> o quelle presenti sono insufficienti</b>. <div class="hide-when-compact"> <div class="noprint"><hr />Puoi <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit">migliorare questa voce</a> aggiungendo citazioni da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Fonti_attendibili" title="Wikipedia:Fonti attendibili">fonti attendibili</a> secondo le <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">linee guida sull'uso delle fonti</a>. Segui i suggerimenti del <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Biomolecole" class="mw-redirect" title="Progetto:Biomolecole">progetto di riferimento</a>.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myoglobin.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Myoglobin.png/220px-Myoglobin.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Myoglobin.png/330px-Myoglobin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Myoglobin.png/440px-Myoglobin.png 2x" data-file-width="1159" data-file-height="1173" /></a><figcaption>Una rappresentazione della struttura 3D della <a href="/wiki/Mioglobina" title="Mioglobina">mioglobina</a>, con le <a href="/wiki/Alfa_elica" title="Alfa elica">alfa eliche</a> colorate. La mioglobina è la prima proteina la cui struttura 3D sia stata risolta per <a href="/wiki/Cristallografia_a_raggi_X" title="Cristallografia a raggi X">cristallografia a raggi X</a>. Ciò avvenne nel <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> da parte di <a href="/wiki/John_Kendrew" title="John Kendrew">John Kendrew</a> e <a href="/wiki/Max_Perutz" title="Max Perutz">Max Perutz</a>, che poi vinsero il <a href="/wiki/Premio_Nobel" title="Premio Nobel">Premio Nobel</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Una <b>biomolecola</b> è un <a href="/wiki/Composto_chimico" title="Composto chimico">composto chimico</a> che riveste un ruolo importante negli <a href="/wiki/Esseri_viventi" class="mw-redirect" title="Esseri viventi">esseri viventi</a>. Le biomolecole sono composte essenzialmente da <a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio">carbonio</a> (infatti si parla di <a href="/wiki/Scheletro_carbonioso" title="Scheletro carbonioso">scheletro carbonioso</a>) e <a href="/wiki/Idrogeno" title="Idrogeno">idrogeno</a>, cui sono spesso associati <a href="/wiki/Azoto" title="Azoto">azoto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ossigeno" title="Ossigeno">ossigeno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fosforo" title="Fosforo">fosforo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Zolfo" title="Zolfo">zolfo</a>. A volte possono essere incorporati anche altri <a href="/wiki/Elemento_chimico" title="Elemento chimico">elementi</a>. </p><p>Le biomolecole possono essere generalmente di due tipi: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Macromolecole" class="mw-redirect" title="Macromolecole">Macromolecole</a></b>, rappresentano la maggior parte delle biomolecole e sono composte essenzialmente da <a href="/wiki/Polimeri" class="mw-redirect" title="Polimeri">polimeri</a>, composti di un gran numero di "monomeri", come il <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> (composto di <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotidi</a>) o le <a href="/wiki/Proteine" title="Proteine">proteine</a> (composte di <a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Amminoacidi">amminoacidi</a>).</li> <li><b>Ioni o <a href="/wiki/Monomero" title="Monomero">piccole molecole</a></b>.</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipi_di_biomolecole">Tipi di biomolecole</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Tipi di biomolecole" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tipi di biomolecole"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tra le piccole molecole figurano: </p> <ul><li>i <a href="/wiki/Fosfolipide" title="Fosfolipide">fosfolipidi</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Glicolipidi" title="Glicolipidi">glicolipidi</a>, gli <a href="/wiki/Steroli" title="Steroli">steroli</a>;</li> <li>le <a href="/wiki/Vitamine" title="Vitamine">vitamine</a>;</li> <li>gli <a href="/wiki/Ormone" title="Ormone">ormoni</a>;</li> <li>i <a href="/wiki/Neurotrasmettitore" title="Neurotrasmettitore">neurotrasmettitori</a>;</li> <li>i <a href="/wiki/Glucidi" title="Glucidi">carboidrati</a>, gli <a href="/wiki/Glucidi" title="Glucidi">zuccheri</a>;</li> <li>i <a href="/wiki/Disaccaridi" title="Disaccaridi">disaccaridi</a>.</li></ul> <p>Tra i <a href="/wiki/Monomero" title="Monomero">monomeri</a> costituenti le macromolecole biologiche: </p> <ul><li>gli <a href="/wiki/Amminoacido" title="Amminoacido">amminoacidi</a></li> <li>i <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotidi</a>;</li> <li>i <a href="/wiki/Fosfato" title="Fosfato">fosfati</a>;</li> <li>i <a href="/wiki/Monosaccaridi" title="Monosaccaridi">monosaccaridi</a>.</li></ul> <p>Le principali biomolecole <a href="/wiki/Polimero" title="Polimero">polimeriche</a> sono: </p> <ul><li>i <a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptidi</a>, gli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oligopeptide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oligopeptide (la pagina non esiste)">oligopeptidi</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Polipeptide" title="Polipeptide">polipeptidi</a>, le <a href="/wiki/Proteine" title="Proteine">proteine</a>;</li> <li>gli <a href="/wiki/Acidi_nucleici" title="Acidi nucleici">acidi nucleici</a>, come <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> ed <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a>;</li> <li>gli <a href="/wiki/Oligosaccaridi" title="Oligosaccaridi">oligosaccaridi</a>, i <a href="/wiki/Polisaccaridi" title="Polisaccaridi">polisaccaridi</a>.</li> <li>I <a href="/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi">lipidi</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nucleosidi_e_nucleotidi">Nucleosidi e nucleotidi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Nucleosidi e nucleotidi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Nucleosidi e nucleotidi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Acido_nucleico" class="mw-redirect" title="Acido nucleico">Acido nucleico</a></b> e <b><a href="/wiki/Nucleoside" title="Nucleoside">Nucleoside</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>I <i>nucleosidi</i> sono molecole formate dall'attacco di una <a href="/wiki/Base_azotata" title="Base azotata">base azotata</a> ad un anello di <a href="/wiki/Ribosio" title="Ribosio">ribosio</a>. Esempio di nucleosidi sono la <a href="/wiki/Citidina" title="Citidina">citidina</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Uridina" title="Uridina">uridina</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Adenosina" title="Adenosina">adenosina</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Guanosina" title="Guanosina">guanosina</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Timidina" title="Timidina">timidina</a> e l'<a href="/wiki/Inosina" title="Inosina">inosina</a>. </p><p>I nucleosidi possono essere <a href="/wiki/Fosforilazione" title="Fosforilazione">fosforilati</a> da <a href="/wiki/Chinasi" title="Chinasi">chinasi</a> specifiche, a produrre i <a href="/wiki/Nucleotidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nucleotidi">nucleotidi</a>, che risultano essere i veri <i>mattoni</i> per la costituzione del DNA e dell'RNA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Saccaridi">Saccaridi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Saccaridi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Saccaridi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Carboidrati" class="mw-redirect" title="Carboidrati">Carboidrati</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>I monosaccaridi sono nella forma di zuccheri semplici. I disaccaridi sono composti da due monosaccaridi legati tra loro. Sia i monosaccaridi che i disaccaridi sono dolci, solubili in acqua e cristallini. Tra i monosaccaridi rivestono particolare importanza biologica il <a href="/wiki/Ribosio" title="Ribosio">ribosio</a> e il <a href="/wiki/Deossiribosio" title="Deossiribosio">deossiribosio</a> (zuccheri <a href="/wiki/Pentosi" title="Pentosi">pentosi</a>), il <a href="/wiki/Glucosio" title="Glucosio">glucosio</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Fruttosio" title="Fruttosio">fruttosio</a> e il <a href="/wiki/Galattosio" title="Galattosio">galattosio</a> (zuccheri <a href="/wiki/Esoso" class="mw-redirect" title="Esoso">esosi</a>). Disaccaridi di importanza biologica sono il <a href="/wiki/Saccarosio" title="Saccarosio">saccarosio</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Maltosio" title="Maltosio">maltosio</a> (o <a href="/wiki/Trealosio" title="Trealosio">trealosio</a>), il <a href="/wiki/Lattosio" title="Lattosio">lattosio</a>. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Polisaccaridi" title="Polisaccaridi">polisaccaridi</a> sono monosaccaridi polimerizzati, dal sapore non dolce. Si tratta, generalmente, di molecole molto ampie, con strutture spesso ramificate. Non sono solubili in acqua e non formano cristalli. Ne sono esempio l'<a href="/wiki/Amido" title="Amido">amido</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Cellulosa" title="Cellulosa">cellulosa</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Glicogeno" title="Glicogeno">glicogeno</a>. Polisaccaridi più brevi, fino a 15 monomeri, sono spesso identificati come oligosaccaridi </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lipidi">Lipidi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Lipidi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Lipidi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi">Lipidi</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi">lipidi</a> sono in sostanza <i><a href="/wiki/Esteri" title="Esteri">esteri</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Acidi_grassi" title="Acidi grassi">acidi grassi</a></i> e sono i costituenti principali delle <a href="/wiki/Membrana_cellulare" title="Membrana cellulare">membrane biologiche</a>. Un'altra funzione biologicamente significativa è quella di riserva energetica (tipica, ad esempio, dei <a href="/wiki/Trigliceridi" title="Trigliceridi">trigliceridi</a>). La maggior parte delle molecole lipidiche sono composte da una regione <a href="/wiki/Polarit%C3%A0" title="Polarità">polare</a> o <a href="/wiki/Idrofilia" title="Idrofilia">idrofila</a> e di una o più estremità <a href="/wiki/Idrofobia" title="Idrofobia">idrofobiche</a>. Per questo motivo, i lipidi sono molecole <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anfipaticit%C3%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anfipaticità (la pagina non esiste)">anfipatiche</a>. L'acido grasso può essere composto di una catena a <a href="/wiki/Legame_singolo" title="Legame singolo">legame singolo</a> di <a href="/wiki/Atomo" title="Atomo">atomi</a> di <a href="/wiki/Carbonio" title="Carbonio">carbonio</a>, nel cui caso la catena è detta satura. Se sono presenti doppi legami carbonio-carbonio, la catena è invece detta insatura. La lunghezza delle catene è solitamente compresa tra i 14 e i 24 atomi di carbonio. </p><p>I lipidi presenti nelle membrane biologiche sono di tre tipi, a seconda del tipo di testa idrofila: </p> <ul><li>i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glcolipide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glcolipide (la pagina non esiste)">glicolipidi</a>, la cui testa contiene un <a href="/wiki/Oligosaccaride" class="mw-redirect" title="Oligosaccaride">oligosaccaride</a> con 1-15 residui;</li> <li>i <a href="/wiki/Fosfolipide" title="Fosfolipide">fosfolipidi</a>, la cui testa contiene un gruppo carico positivamente, legato alle catene idrofobiche da un <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_fosfato" class="mw-redirect" title="Gruppo fosfato">gruppo fosfato</a> carico negativamente;</li> <li>gli <a href="/wiki/Steroli" title="Steroli">steroli</a> (o steroidi), le cui teste idrofile contengono un anello steroideo planare (come il <a href="/wiki/Colesterolo" title="Colesterolo">colesterolo</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Amminoacidi">Amminoacidi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Amminoacidi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Amminoacidi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Amminoacidi">Amminoacidi</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Gli <a href="/wiki/Amminoacidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Amminoacidi">amminoacidi</a> sono <a href="/wiki/Molecola" title="Molecola">molecole</a> che contengono un <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_funzionale" title="Gruppo funzionale">gruppo funzionale</a> sia <a href="/wiki/Ammine" title="Ammine">amminico</a> che <a href="/wiki/Acidi_carbossilici" title="Acidi carbossilici">carbossilico</a>. Oltre ad essi, ogni amminoacido contiene un ulteriore gruppo, detto <i>catena laterale</i> che ne conferisce tutte le specifiche caratteristiche fisico-chimiche. </p><p>Gli amminoacidi sono i <i>mattoni</i> che costituiscono lunghe catene di <a href="/wiki/Polimero" title="Polimero">polimeri</a>. Tali catene sono dette oligopeptidi se formate da 2-20 amminoacidi. Se contano 20-100 amminoacidi, sono dette peptidi. Catene con più di 100 amminoacidi sono dette <a href="/wiki/Proteine" title="Proteine">proteine</a> o polipeptidi. La struttura delle proteine può avere diversi ruoli e funzionalità all'interno dell'<a href="/wiki/Organismo" class="mw-redirect" title="Organismo">organismo</a>. </p><p>Esistono ventidue amminoacidi che vengono utilizzati dalla <a href="/wiki/Cellula" title="Cellula">cellula</a> per produrre le proteine di cui necessita attraverso un <a href="/wiki/Codice_genetico" title="Codice genetico">codice genetico</a> ampiamente conservato nelle specie viventi. Oltre a questi, esistono oltre 500 amminoacidi rilevanti dal punto di vista biologico: tra questi la <a href="/wiki/Carnitina" title="Carnitina">carnitina</a> utilizzata nel trasporto dei <a href="/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi">lipidi</a> nella cellula, l'<a href="/wiki/Ornitina" title="Ornitina">ornitina</a>, il <a href="/wiki/GABA" class="mw-redirect" title="GABA">GABA</a> e la <a href="/wiki/Taurina" title="Taurina">taurina</a>. Se in una proteina si osservano amminoacidi differenti da questi ventidue, essi sono frutto di una <a href="/wiki/Modificazione_post_traduzionale" title="Modificazione post traduzionale">modificazione post traduzionale</a>. I due amminoacidi oltre ai venti standard che possono essere incorporati nelle proteine di certi organismi durante la traduzione sono: </p> <ul><li>La <a href="/wiki/Selenocisteina" title="Selenocisteina">selenocisteina</a> è inserita in alcune proteine in presenza di un <a href="/wiki/Codone" title="Codone">codone</a> UGA, normalmente un codone di stop.</li> <li>La <a href="/wiki/Pirrolisina" title="Pirrolisina">pirrolisina</a> è inserita in alcune proteine in presenza di un codone UAG, altro codone di stop: è frequente in alcuni enzimi addetti alla produzione di <a href="/wiki/Metano" title="Metano">metano</a> nei batteri <a href="/wiki/Metanogeni" title="Metanogeni">metanogeni</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Struttura_delle_proteine">Struttura delle proteine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Struttura delle proteine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Struttura delle proteine"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Struttura_primaria" title="Struttura primaria">struttura primaria</a> di una proteina è essenzialmente il filamento lineare contenente tutti gli amminoacidi della proteina. Nel costituire la <a href="/wiki/Struttura_secondaria" title="Struttura secondaria">struttura secondaria</a>, il filamento si ripiega in alcuni tipi di conformazione locale (tra cui l'<a href="/wiki/Alfa_elica" title="Alfa elica">alfa elica</a> o il <a href="/wiki/Foglietto_%CE%B2" title="Foglietto β">foglietto β</a>). La <a href="/wiki/Struttura_terziaria" title="Struttura terziaria">struttura terziaria</a> consiste nella struttura tridimensionale della proteina. La <a href="/wiki/Struttura_quaternaria" title="Struttura quaternaria">struttura quaternaria</a> riguarda infine aggregati di più proteine (come ad esempio avviene per l'<a href="/wiki/Emoglobina" title="Emoglobina">emoglobina</a>, composta di quattro subunità). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metalloproteine">Metalloproteine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Metalloproteine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Metalloproteine"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Una <a href="/wiki/Metalloproteina" title="Metalloproteina">metalloproteina</a> è una proteina contenente un <a href="/wiki/Cofattore_(biologia)" title="Cofattore (biologia)">cofattore</a> <a href="/wiki/Metallo" title="Metallo">metallico</a>. Può trattarsi di uno ione isolato o di un gruppo non-proteico più ampio (spesso detto <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_prostetico" class="mw-redirect" title="Gruppo prostetico">gruppo prostetico</a>), come avviene per le <a href="/wiki/Porfirina" title="Porfirina">porfirine</a> in proteine come la <a href="/wiki/Mioglobina" title="Mioglobina">mioglobina</a>. In altri casi il metallo può trovarsi tra la catena laterale di un amminoacido ed uno ione non metallico: ad esempio molte proteine sono dotate di <i>clusters</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferro-zolfo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferro-zolfo (la pagina non esiste)">ferro-zolfo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ormoni">Ormoni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Ormoni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ormoni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Ormone" title="Ormone">Ormone</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Gli <a href="/wiki/Ormone" title="Ormone">ormoni</a> sono molecole segnale secrete dalle <a href="/wiki/Ghiandola" title="Ghiandola">ghiandole</a> del <a href="/wiki/Sistema_endocrino" title="Sistema endocrino">sistema endocrino</a> nel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Circolo_sanguigno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Circolo sanguigno (la pagina non esiste)">circolo sanguigno</a>. Svolgono una gran quantità di ruoli in varie localizzazioni dell'organismo, contribuendo alla regolazione delle <a href="/wiki/Via_metabolica" title="Via metabolica">vie metaboliche</a> delle cellule bersaglio. </p><p>Dal punto di vista strutturale, gli ormoni possono essere di tre tipi: i più importanti sono: </p> <ul><li>gli <a href="/wiki/Steroide" title="Steroide">steroidi</a>, tutti derivanti dal <a href="/wiki/Colesterolo" title="Colesterolo">colesterolo</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammine" title="Ammine">ammine</a> e <a href="/wiki/Amminoacido" title="Amminoacido">amminoacidi</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptidi</a> o <a href="/wiki/Proteine" title="Proteine">proteine</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vitamine">Vitamine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Vitamine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Vitamine"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Vitamina" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamina">Vitamina</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <p>Le <a href="/wiki/Vitamine" title="Vitamine">vitamine</a> sono un gruppo di molecole accomunate dal fatto di essere fondamentali per l'organismo ma non sintetizzabili da esso. Per questo motivo, occorre assumere le vitamine attraverso la dieta. Le vitamine, infatti, sono spesso presenti in tracce in determinati alimenti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/biomolecola" class="extiw" title="wikt:biomolecola">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiversity.org/wiki/biomolecole" class="extiw" title="v:biomolecole">Wikiversità</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Biomolecules"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biomolecules?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/biomolecola" class="extiw" title="wikt:biomolecola">biomolecole</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiversity.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiversità"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiversità" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/18px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/36px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiversity.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="v:">Wikiversità</a> contiene risorse sulle <b><a href="https://it.wikiversity.org/wiki/biomolecole" class="extiw" title="v:biomolecole">biomolecole</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file sulle <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Biomolecules?uselang=it">biomolecole</a></span></b></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=39865">39865</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85014249">sh85014249</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121250080">cb121250080</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121250080">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007282395505171">987007282395505171</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}</style><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DNA.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Biologia"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DNA.png/24px-DNA.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DNA.png/36px-DNA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DNA.png/47px-DNA.png 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="314" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Biologia" title="Portale:Biologia">Portale Biologia</a></b></div></div><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r140555418"><div class="itwiki-template-occhiello"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-applications-science.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chimica"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/25px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/38px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Gnome-applications-science.svg/50px-Gnome-applications-science.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portale:Chimica" title="Portale:Chimica">Portale Chimica</a></b></div></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&oldid=137068954">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biomolecola&oldid=137068954</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Biomolecole" title="Categoria:Biomolecole">Biomolecole</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie nascoste: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Senza_fonti_-_biomolecole" title="Categoria:Senza fonti - biomolecole">Senza fonti - biomolecole</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Senza_fonti_-_ottobre_2012" title="Categoria:Senza fonti - ottobre 2012">Senza fonti - ottobre 2012</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Collegamento_interprogetto_a_Wikiversity_presente_ma_assente_su_Wikidata" title="Categoria:Collegamento interprogetto a Wikiversity presente ma assente su Wikidata">Collegamento interprogetto a Wikiversity presente ma assente su Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_Thesaurus_BNCF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF">Voci con codice Thesaurus BNCF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_LCCN" title="Categoria:Voci con codice LCCN">Voci con codice LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_BNF" title="Categoria:Voci con codice BNF">Voci con codice BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_con_codice_J9U" title="Categoria:Voci con codice J9U">Voci con codice J9U</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Voci_non_biografiche_con_codici_di_controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Categoria:Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità">Voci non biografiche con codici di controllo di autorità</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 27 dic 2023 alle 19:29.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; possono applicarsi condizioni ulteriori. 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