CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>distributed from FOLDOC</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src 'unsafe-inline' http: https:"> <meta name="verify-v1" content="siAI0ZOMn41hao0E/T76D1I2L3MtFjzE48P3ctCjRNU="> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="google-translate-customization" content="828219db36930e1e-c51d915bf2ea717c-g9b503f9a85d5b5a7-a">  <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-9715943-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-9715943-1'); </script>  <link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Duru+Sans%7CBelgrano%7CInconsolata%7CAlef%7CArmata" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/layout.css?2">  <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/im/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/im/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/im/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/im/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/im/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://foldoc.org/distributed"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="FOLDOC" href="/rss.xml"> <link rel="search" title="FOLDOC" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="//foldoc.org/search.xml">  <script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-5521724329338202" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>  </head> <body> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script> (function (d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_GB/all.js#xfbml=1"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script> <div id="container"> <div id="left"> <a href="/"> <img src="/foldoc.gif" width="300" height="98" alt="Free On-line Dictionary of Computing" class="logo"> </a> <div id="nav"> <a href="/contents.html" class="button">Contents</a> <a href="/help.html" class="button">Help</a> <a href="/random-entry" class="button">Random</a> </div> <form action="/"> <input type="text" name="query" id="query" autofocus="autofocus"> <input type="submit" name="action" value="Search" class="button"> </form> <div id="content"> <h2>Distributed Component Object Model</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/programming.html">programming</a></i>></p> <p> (DCOM) <a href="/Microsoft">Microsoft</a>'s extension of their <a href="/Component+Object+Model">Component Object Model</a> (COM) to support objects distributed across a <a href="/network">network</a>. DCOM has been submitted to the <a href="/IETF">IETF</a> as a draft standard. Since 1996, it has been part of <a href="/Windows+NT">Windows NT</a> and is also available for <a href="/Windows+95">Windows 95</a>. <p></p> Unlike <a href="/CORBA">CORBA</a>, which runs on many <a href="/operating+systems">operating systems</a>, DCOM is currently (Dec 1997) only implemented by <a href="/Microsoft">Microsoft</a> for <a href="/Microsoft+Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> and by <a href="/Software+AG">Software AG</a>, under the name "<a href="/EntireX">EntireX</a>", for <a href="/Unix">Unix</a> and <a href="/IBM">IBM</a> <a href="/mainframes">mainframes</a>. DCOM serves the same purpose as <a href="/IBM">IBM</a>'s <a href="/DSOM">DSOM</a> <a href="/protocol">protocol</a>. <p></p> DCOM is broken because it's an <a href="/object+model">object model</a> that has no provisions for <a href="/inheritance">inheritance</a>, one of the major reasons for <a href="/object+oriented+programming">object oriented programming</a> in the first place. <p></p> <em><a href="http://microsoft.com/com/tech/DCOM.asp">http://microsoft.com/com/tech/DCOM.asp</a></em>. <p></p> [Details?] <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">2000-08-02</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Computing Environment</h2> <p></p> (DCE) An architecture consisting of <a href="/standard">standard</a> programming interfaces, conventions and <a href="/server">server</a> functionalities (e.g. naming, distributed file system, <a href="/remote+procedure+call">remote procedure call</a>) for distributing applications transparently across networks of <a href="/heterogeneous">heterogeneous</a> computers. DCE is promoted and controlled by the <a href="/Open+Software+Foundation">Open Software Foundation</a> (OSF). <p></p> <a href="/Usenet">Usenet</a> newsgroup: <a href="https://groups.google.com/group/comp.soft-sys.dce">comp.soft-sys.dce</a>. <p></p> <em><a href="http://dstc.edu.au/AU/research_news/dce/dce.html">http://dstc.edu.au/AU/research_news/dce/dce.html</a></em>. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1994-12-07</a></p> <p></p> <h2>distributed database</h2> <p></p> A collection of several different <a href="/databases">databases</a> that looks like a single <a href="/database">database</a> to the user. An example is the <a href="/Internet">Internet</a> <a href="/Domain+Name+System">Domain Name System</a> (DNS). <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1994-12-07</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Data Management</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/protocol.html">protocol</a>, <a href="contents/database.html">database</a></i>></p> <p> (DDM) An <a href="/IBM">IBM</a> <a href="/data">data</a> <a href="/protocol">protocol</a> architecture for data management services across <a href="/distributed">distributed</a> systems in an <a href="/SNA">SNA</a> environment. <p></p> DDM provides a common <a href="/data+management+language">data management language</a> for data interchange among different IBM system platforms. <p></p> Products supporting DDM include <a href="/AS/400">AS/400</a>, <a href="/System/36">System/36</a>, <a href="/System/38">System/38</a> and <a href="/CICS/DDM">CICS/DDM</a>. <p></p> On the AS/400, DDM controls remote file processing. DDM enables application programs running on one AS/400 system to access data files stored on another system supporting DDM. Similarly, other systems that have DDM can access files in the database of the local AS/400 system. DDM makes it easier to distribute file processing between two or more systems. <p></p> <em><a href="http://as400bks.rochester.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/bookmgr.cmd/BOOKS/QBJALH00/CCONTENTS">OS/400 Distributed Data Management V3R6 Reference</a></em>. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1999-04-26</a></p> <p></p> <h2>distributed data warehouse</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/database.html">database</a></i>></p> <p> (DDW) Data shared across multiple data repositories, for the purpose of <a href="/OLAP">OLAP</a>. Each data warehouse may belong to one or many organisations. The sharing im;plies a common format or definition of data elements (e.g. using XML). <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">2008-03-15</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Denial of Service</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/security.html">security</a></i>></p> <p> (DDoS) A type of <a href="/Denial+of+Service">Denial of Service</a> (DoS) attack in which many computers in a <a href="/botnet">botnet</a> send requests to a target <a href="/website">website</a> or service with the intention of overloading it or otherwise preventing it from responding to legitimate requests. Attacks may tie up a service by consuming resources such as database processing or available connections. <p></p> This kind of DoS attack is harder to defend against due to its distributed nature as it is not possible to block access from a single source (e.g. by <a href="/rate+limiting">rate limiting</a>) and the pattern of requests can be hard to distinguish from legitimate activity. <p></p> DDoS attacks may be politically motivated or may be carried out by extortionists threatening to disable a site unless a ransom is paid. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">2020-05-02</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Eiffel</h2> <p></p> ["Distributed Eiffel: A Language for Programming Multi-Granular Distributed Objects on the Clouds Operating System", L. Gunaseelan et al, IEEE Conf Comp Langs, 1992]. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1994-12-07</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Logic Programming</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/language.html">language</a></i>></p> <p> (DLP) A <a href="/logic+programming">logic programming</a> language similar to <a href="/Prolog">Prolog</a>, combined with parallel <a href="/object+orientation">object orientation</a> similar to <a href="/POOL">POOL</a>. DLP supports distributed <a href="/backtracking">backtracking</a> over the results of a <a href="/rendezvous">rendezvous</a> between <a href="/objects">objects</a>. <a href="/Multi-threaded">Multi-threaded</a> objects have autonomous activity and may simultaneously evaluate <a href="/method">method</a> calls. <p></p> ["DLP: A Language for Distributed Logic Programming", A. Eliens, Wiley 1992]. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1996-01-07</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Management Environment</h2> <p></p> (DME) An <a href="/OSF">OSF</a> <a href="/standard">standard</a>. It had reached the <a href="/RFT">RFT</a> stage. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1995-02-22</a></p> <p></p> <h2>distributed memory</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/architecture.html">architecture</a></i>></p> <p> The kind of memory in a <a href="/parallel+processor">parallel processor</a> where each processor has fast access to its own local memory and where to access another processor's memory it must send a message via the inter-processor network. <p></p> Opposite: <a href="/shared+memory">shared memory</a>. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1995-03-22</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Network Operating System</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/operating-system.html">operating system</a></i>></p> <p> (DNOS) A proprietary <a href="/operating+system">operating system</a> for <a href="/Texas+Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> <a href="/990">990</a>-series <a href="/minicomputers">minicomputers</a>. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1996-04-01</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Operating Multi Access Interactive Network</h2> <p></p> (DOMAIN) The proprietary network <a href="/protocol">protocol</a> used by <a href="/Apollo">Apollo</a> <a href="/workstations">workstations</a>. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1995-02-16</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Processes</h2> <p></p> (DP) The first <a href="/concurrent">concurrent</a> language based on <a href="/remote+procedure+calls">remote procedure calls</a>. <p></p> ["Distributed Processes: A Concurrent Programming Concept", Per Brinch Hansen CACM 21(11):934-940 (Nov 1978)]. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1994-12-02</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Queue Dual Bus</h2> <p></p> <p><<i><a href="contents/networking.html">networking</a>, <a href="contents/standard.html">standard</a></i>></p> <p> (DQDB) An <a href="/IEEE">IEEE</a> <a href="/standard">standard</a> for <a href="/metropolitan+area+networks">metropolitan area networks</a>. <p></p> <em><a href="http://ece.wpi.edu/~vlad/ee535/hw5/page1.html">http://ece.wpi.edu/~vlad/ee535/hw5/page1.html</a></em>. <p></p> [Details?] <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">2000-08-02</a></p> <p></p> <h2>Distributed Smalltalk</h2> <p></p> ["The Design and Implementation of Distributed Smalltalk", J. Bennett, SIGPLAN Notices 22(12):318-330 (Dec 1980)]. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1994-12-02</a></p> <p></p> <h2>distributed system</h2> <p></p> A collection of (probably heterogeneous) automata whose distribution is transparent to the user so that the system appears as one local machine. This is in contrast to a network, where the user is aware that there are several machines, and their location, storage replication, load balancing and functionality is not transparent. Distributed systems usually use some kind of <a href="/client-server">client-server</a> organisation. <p></p> Distributed systems are considered by some to be the "next wave" of computing. <p></p> <a href="/Distributed+Computing+Environment">Distributed Computing Environment</a> is the <a href="/Open+Software+Foundation">Open Software Foundation</a>'s software architecture for distributed systems. <p></p> <em><a href="http://dstc.edu.au/AU/research_news/dist-env.html">http://dstc.edu.au/AU/research_news/dist-env.html</a></em>. <p></p> <p class="updated">Last updated: <a href="/new.html">1994-12-06</a></p> <p></p> <h2>distributed systems</h2> <p></p> <a href="/distributed+system">distributed system</a> <p></p> <p class="vertical-space"></p><h3>Nearby terms:</h3> <p class="neighbours"> <b><a href="/Distributed+Component+Object+Model">Distributed Component Object Model</a></b> &diams; <a href="/Distributed+Computing+Environment">Distributed Computing Environment</a> </p> <p> Try this search on <a href="https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Search?search=distributed">Wikipedia</a>, <a href="https://www.wiktionary.org/wiki/distributed">Wiktionary</a>, <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=define:distributed">Google</a>, <a href="https://www.onelook.com/?w=distributed">OneLook</a>. </p> <p class="vertical-space"></p> <hr> <div></div> <hr>  <div id="HCB_comment_box">Loading</div> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//www.htmlcommentbox.com/static/skins/bootstrap/twitter-bootstrap.css?v=0"> <script language="javascript" id="hcb"> hcb_user = { PAGE: 'https://foldoc.org/distributed', comments_header: ' ', no_comments_msg: ' ', err_comment_empty: 'Your comment was not posted because it was empty!', rss: '', }; var s = document.createElement("script"); s.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); s.setAttribute("src", "//www.htmlcommentbox.com/jread?page=" + escape(hcb_user.PAGE).replace(/\+/g, "%2B") + "&mod=%241%24wq1rdBcg%24.0y2uzvjA2bsnhzpXVq9F." + "&opts=17374&num=10"); // No e-mail field: 16846 if (typeof s != "undefined") document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(s); </script> <script> setTimeout(function () { document.getElementById('hcb_form_content').rows = 1 }, 1000); </script> <hr>  </div>  </div>  <div id="right"> <div id="google_translate_element"> <script> function googleTranslateElementInit() { new google.translate.TranslateElement({ pageLanguage: 'en' }, 'google_translate_element'); } </script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"></script> </div> <p><br></p> <hr> <div id="social"> <div class="fb-like" data-href="http://foldoc.org/" data-layout="button_count" data-action="like" data-show-faces="false" data-share="true"> </div> <a href="https://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-via="foldoc"> Tweet </a> <script> if (!document.getElementById('twitter-wjs')) { var fjs = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0], js = document.createElement('script'); js.id = 'twitter-wjs'; js.src = 'https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js'; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); } </script> </div> <hr> <div> <p></p> </div> <p> <a href="/rss.xml"> <img src="/orangerss.gif" width="14" height="14" alt="RSS feed of new items"> </a>   <a href="/new.html">Recent Updates</a>     |     <a href="/missing.html">Missing Terms</a> </p> <p>Updated: Sat, 05 Apr 2025 21:25:49 GMT</p> <p>15282 entries</p> <p><em><a href="/Free+On-line+Dictionary">Copyright Denis Howe 1985</a></em></p> </div>  </div>   <script type="text/javascript"> window._qevents = window._qevents || []; (function() { var elem = document.createElement('script'); elem.src = 'https://secure.quantserve.com/quant.js'; elem.async = true; elem.type = 'text/javascript'; var scpt = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scpt.parentNode.insertBefore(elem, scpt); })(); window._qevents.push({ qacct: 'p-48Rosdvs3EiOc', uid: '__INSERT_EMAIL_HERE__' }); </script> <noscript> <div style="display:none;"> <img src="https//pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-48Rosdvs3EiOc.gif" border="0" height="1" width="1" alt="Quantcast"/> </div> </noscript>  </body> </html>