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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Huruf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Huruf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Huruf</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Huruf-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Huruf</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Huruf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tabel_huruf_Tokharia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabel_huruf_Tokharia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Tabel huruf Tokharia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabel_huruf_Tokharia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolusi_dari_aksara_Brahma_ke_Tokharia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolusi_dari_aksara_Brahma_ke_Tokharia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Evolusi dari aksara Brahma ke Tokharia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolusi_dari_aksara_Brahma_ke_Tokharia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aksara Tokharia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 9 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocharian_script" title="Tocharian script – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tocharian script" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BF" title="तोचरियन लिपि – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तोचरियन लिपि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="トカラ文字 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トカラ文字" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabeta_tocarian" title="Alfabeta tocarian – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Alfabeta tocarian" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pismo_tocharskie" title="Pismo tocharskie – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pismo tocharskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Тохарская письменность – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тохарская письменность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="ชุดตัวอักษรโทแคเรียน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชุดตัวอักษรโทแคเรียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Тохарська писемність – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тохарська писемність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%89%E8%80%86-%E9%BE%9C%E8%8C%B2%E6%96%87" title="焉耆-龜茲文 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="焉耆-龜茲文" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2613755#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tokharia" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Aksara_Tokharia" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tokharia"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tokharia"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Aksara_Tokharia" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Aksara_Tokharia" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&oldid=22956500" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Aksara_Tokharia&id=22956500&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAksara_Tokharia"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAksara_Tokharia"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Aksara+Tokharia"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Aksara_Tokharia&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2613755" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em; background:navajowhite; color:black;;"><span style="opacity:85%">Aksara Tokharia<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26810368/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div style="height:655px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Kizil_standing_Buddha._Tocharian_inscription_%22This_Buddha_was_painted_by_the_hand_of_Sanketava%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Kizil_standing_Buddha._Tocharian_inscription_%22This_Buddha_was_painted_by_the_hand_of_Sanketava%22.jpg/238px-Kizil_standing_Buddha._Tocharian_inscription_%22This_Buddha_was_painted_by_the_hand_of_Sanketava%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="655" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Kizil_standing_Buddha._Tocharian_inscription_%22This_Buddha_was_painted_by_the_hand_of_Sanketava%22.jpg/357px-Kizil_standing_Buddha._Tocharian_inscription_%22This_Buddha_was_painted_by_the_hand_of_Sanketava%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Kizil_standing_Buddha._Tocharian_inscription_%22This_Buddha_was_painted_by_the_hand_of_Sanketava%22.jpg/476px-Kizil_standing_Buddha._Tocharian_inscription_%22This_Buddha_was_painted_by_the_hand_of_Sanketava%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1254" data-file-height="3452" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div><center>Dinding <a href="/wiki/Gua_Kizil" title="Gua Kizil">Gua Kizil</a> bergambar <a href="/wiki/Siddhartha_Gautama" class="mw-redirect" title="Siddhartha Gautama">Buddha</a> berdiri.Sering dikaitkan pada abad ke-7 M,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tetapi berdasarkan <a href="/wiki/Penanggalan_karbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Penanggalan karbon">penanggalan karbon</a>, gambar itu dibuat pada tahun 245-340 M.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prasasti <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tokharia" title="Bahasa Tokharia">Tokharia B</a> tertulis:<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Se_pa%C3%B1%C3%A4kte_sa%E1%B9%85ketavattse_%E1%B9%A3arsa_papaiykau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Se_pa%C3%B1%C3%A4kte_sa%E1%B9%85ketavattse_%E1%B9%A3arsa_papaiykau.jpg/240px-Se_pa%C3%B1%C3%A4kte_sa%E1%B9%85ketavattse_%E1%B9%A3arsa_papaiykau.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Se_pa%C3%B1%C3%A4kte_sa%E1%B9%85ketavattse_%E1%B9%A3arsa_papaiykau.jpg/360px-Se_pa%C3%B1%C3%A4kte_sa%E1%B9%85ketavattse_%E1%B9%A3arsa_papaiykau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Se_pa%C3%B1%C3%A4kte_sa%E1%B9%85ketavattse_%E1%B9%A3arsa_papaiykau.jpg/480px-Se_pa%C3%B1%C3%A4kte_sa%E1%B9%85ketavattse_%E1%B9%A3arsa_papaiykau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1858" data-file-height="350" /></a></span><br /><i>Se pañäkte saṅketavattse ṣarsa papaiykau</i><br />"Buddha ini dilukis oleh tangan Sanketava".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></center></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Jenis aksara</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;line-height:1.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">Abugida</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Bahasa</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tokharia" title="Bahasa Tokharia">Bahasa Tokharia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Periode</div></th><td class="infobox-data">abad ke-8 Masehi</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="padding:0.25em;opacity:85%; background:navajowhite; color:black;;">Aksara terkait</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Silsilah</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding-top:0.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mesir" title="Hieroglif Mesir">Hieroglif Mesir</a><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Proto-Sinai" title="Abjad Proto-Sinai">Abjad Proto-Sinai</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Fenisi%D0%B0" title="Abjad Fenisiа">Abjad Fenisiа</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Aram" title="Abjad Aram">Abjad Aram</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Aksara Brahmi</a><ul style="margin-left:0.8em;"><li>Aksara Tokharia</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Aksara kerabat</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gupta" title="Aksara Gupta">Aksara Gupta</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Vatteluttu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Vatteluttu (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara Vatteluttu</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="text-align:left; background:#eee;"><span style="font-size:87%;"> Artikel ini mengandung <b><a href="/wiki/Transkripsi_fonetik" title="Transkripsi fonetik">transkripsi fonetik</a></b> dalam <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Alfabet Fonetik Internasional</a> <b>(IPA)</b>. Untuk bantuan dalam membaca simbol IPA, lihat <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan:IPA</a>. Untuk penjelasan perbedaan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> dan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span> <span class="Unicode">⟩</span>, Lihat <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional#Tanda_kurung_dan_delimitasi_transkripsi" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">IPA § Tanda kurung dan delimitasi transkripsi</a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Brāhmī</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <i><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_aksara_Brahmi" title="Rumpun aksara Brahmi">Aksara Brahmi dan turunannya</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><b>Brahmik Utara</b></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li>Kusan</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tokharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Manipuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Manipuri">Manipuri (Meitei Mayek)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gupta" title="Aksara Gupta">Gupta</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_%C5%9A%C4%81rad%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Śāradā (halaman belum tersedia)">Śāradā</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_La%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8D%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Laṇḍā (halaman belum tersedia)">Landa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Kashmiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Kashmiri">Kashmiri Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gurmukh%C4%AB" title="Aksara Gurmukhī">Gurmukhī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khojki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khojki (halaman belum tersedia)">Khojki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Takri" title="Aksara Takri">Takri</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Dogri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Dogri (halaman belum tersedia)">Dogri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chameali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chameali (halaman belum tersedia)">Chameali</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Siddha%E1%B9%83" title="Aksara Siddhaṃ"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration" class="IAST Unicode" style="font-face: Arial Unicode MS, GNU Unifont, Lucida Sans Unicode; white-space: wrap; text-decoration: none">Siddhaṃ</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tibet" title="Aksara Tibet">Tibet</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_%27Phagspa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara 'Phagspa (halaman belum tersedia)">'Phagspa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hangul" class="mw-redirect" title="Hangul">Hangul</a> (hipotesis)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lepcha" title="Aksara Lepcha">Lepcha</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Limbu_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Limbu script (halaman belum tersedia)">Limbu</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Nagari" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Nagari">Nāgarī</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Devanagari" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Devanagari">Devanāgarī</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Modi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Modi">Modi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nandinagari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nandinagari (halaman belum tersedia)">Nandināgarī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gujarati" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Gujarati">Gujarati</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anga_Lipi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anga Lipi (halaman belum tersedia)">Anga</a></li> <li>Proto-Bengali <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaithi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaithi">Kaithi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylheti_Nagari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylheti Nagari (halaman belum tersedia)">Sylheti Nagari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Nagari_Timur" title="Aksara Nagari Timur">Nagari Timur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Assam" title="Aksara Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bengali" title="Aksara Bengali">Bengali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mithila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mithila (halaman belum tersedia)">Mithila (Mithilakshar)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nepal (halaman belum tersedia)">Nepal</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhujimol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhujimol (halaman belum tersedia)">Bhujimol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Prachalit_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Prachalit Nepal (halaman belum tersedia)">Prachalit Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Ranjana" title="Aksara Ranjana">Ranjana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Soyombo" title="Aksara Soyombo">Soyombo</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><b>Brahmik Selatan</b></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tamil-Brahmi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil-Brahmi">Tamil Brahmi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Pallawa" title="Aksara Pallawa">Pallawa</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolezhuthu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolezhuthu (halaman belum tersedia)">Kolezhuthu</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tamil" title="Aksara Tamil">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Grantha" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Grantha">Pallawa Grantha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Malayalam" title="Aksara Malayalam">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tulu (halaman belum tersedia)">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sinhala" title="Aksara Sinhala">Sinhala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhives_Akuru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhives Akuru (halaman belum tersedia)">Dhives Akuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Saurashtra" title="Aksara Saurashtra">Saurashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Khmer" title="Aksara Khmer">Khmer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lao" title="Aksara Lao">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Thai" title="Aksara Thai">Thai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Cham" title="Aksara Cham">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kawi" title="Aksara Kawi">Kawi Kuna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bali" title="Aksara Bali">Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Jawa" title="Aksara Jawa">Jawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sunda" title="Aksara Sunda">Sunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lontara" title="Aksara Lontara">Lontara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kaganga" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Kaganga">Rejang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" class="mw-redirect" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Batak" title="Surat Batak">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Buhid" title="Aksara Buhid">Buhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Hanun%C3%B3%27o" title="Aksara Hanunó'o">Hanunó'o</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tagbanwa" title="Aksara Tagbanwa">Tagbanwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mon" title="Bahasa Mon">Mon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Burma" title="Aksara Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Chakma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Chakma (halaman belum tersedia)">Ojhopath</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kalinga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kalinga (halaman belum tersedia)">Kalinga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Oriya" title="Aksara Oriya">Oriya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bhattiprolu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bhattiprolu (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara Bhattiprolu</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kadambat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kadambat (halaman belum tersedia)">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kannada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kannada (halaman belum tersedia)">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Telugu" title="Aksara Telugu">Telugu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Le&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Le (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Le</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Lue_Baru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Lue Baru (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Lue baru</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Ahom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Ahom (halaman belum tersedia)">Ahom</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Tocharian.JPG/250px-Tocharian.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Tocharian.JPG/375px-Tocharian.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Tocharian.JPG/500px-Tocharian.JPG 2x" data-file-width="842" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Contoh aksara Tokharia pada tablet.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Aksara Tokharia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> juga dikenal sebagai <b>Aksara Gupta miring Asia Tengah</b> atau <b>Aksara Brāhmī Turkestan Utara</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah aksara berjenis <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">abugida</a> yang menggunakan sistem tanda <a href="/wiki/Diakritik" title="Diakritik">diakritik</a> untuk mengasosiasikan vokal dengan simbol konsonan. Aksara ini diturunkan dari <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_aksara_Brahmi" title="Rumpun aksara Brahmi">aksara Brahmi</a>. Aksara ini digunakan untuk menulis bahasa Tokharia, <a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">bahasa Indo-Eropa</a> yang pernah dituturkan di <a href="/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah">Asia Tengah</a>, pada abad ke-8 Masehi (dengan beberapa yang lebih awal, mungkin pada awal 300 M)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang ditulis pada daun lontar, tablet kayu, dan kertas Tiongkok Kuno, yang terawetkan oleh iklim yang sangat kering di <a href="/wiki/Cekungan_Tarim" title="Cekungan Tarim">Cekungan Tarim</a>. Contoh bahasa ini telah ditemukan di situs-situs arkeologi di <a href="/wiki/Kucha" title="Kucha">Kucha</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Karasahr" title="Karasahr">Karasahr</a>, termasuk banyak prasasti mural. Nama ini sebenarnya keliru dalam mengidentifikasi penutur bahasa dan aksara ini dengan bangsa-bangsa di <i><a href="/wiki/Tokharistan" title="Tokharistan">Tokharistan</a></i> (yaitu <a href="/wiki/Baktria" title="Baktria">Baktria</a>), penulis awal menyebut bahasa ini dengan nama "Tokharia". Penamaan ini terlanjur menjadi umum, meskipun nama <i>Agnea</i> dan <i>Kuchea</i> telah diusulkan sebagai nama pengganti.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DD_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bahasa Tokharia A dan B <a href="/wiki/Kesalingpahaman" title="Kesalingpahaman">tidak saling dipahami</a>. Berdasarkan interpretasi tentatif <i>twqry</i> yang terkait dengan <i>Tokharoi</i>, hanya Tokharian A yang dapat disebut sebagai <i>Tokharia</i>, sedangkan Tokharia B seharusnya disebut sebagai <i>Kuchea</i> (nama aslinya mungkin <i>kuśiññe</i>), tetapi karena kedua tata bahasa itu biasanya diperlakukan bersama dalam karya ilmiah, istilah A dan B telah terbukti bermanfaat. Bahasa Proto-Tokharia merupakan bahasa leluhur yang membentuk bahasa Tokharia, mungkin dituturkan pada milenium pertama SM. Mengingat jangkauan geografis yang kecil dan kurangnya naskah non-agamis pada bahasa Tokharia A, mungkin dipakai sebagai <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_liturgis" title="Bahasa liturgis">bahasa liturgis</a>, hubungan antara keduanya dapat dibandingkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tionghoa_Klasik" title="Bahasa Tionghoa Klasik">bahasa Tionghoa Klasik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mandarin" title="Bahasa Mandarin">bahasa Mandarin</a>. Namun, kurangnya naskah non-agamis pada bahasa Tokharia A sama sekali tidak pasti, karena pelestarian teks-teks Tokharia umumnya ditemukan secara terpisah-pisah. </p><p>Aksara yang ditulis oleh <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Tokharia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Tokharia">bangsa Tokharia</a> berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">aksara Brahmi</a> (berjenis <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">abugida</a>) dan dikenal sebagai <i>aksara Brahmi miring</i>. Segera menjadi jelas bahwa sebagian besar manuskrip adalah terjemahan dari karya-karya <a href="/wiki/Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddha">Buddha</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sanskerta" title="Bahasa Sanskerta">bahasa Sanskerta</a> dan beberapa di antaranya bahkan dwibahasa, memfasilitasi penguraian bahasa baru. Selain teks-teks agama Buddha dan <a href="/wiki/Maniisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Maniisme">Maniisme</a>, ada juga korespondensi dan catatan biara, naskah perdagangan, izin karavan, dan teks obat-obatan dan sihir, serta satu puisi cinta. Banyak bangsa Tokharia memeluk sinkretisme Maniisme dan Buddha. </p><p>Pada tahun 1998, ahli bahasa berkebangsaan Tiongkok bernama <a href="/wiki/Ji_Xianlin" title="Ji Xianlin">Ji Xianlin</a> menerbitkan terjemahan dan analisis pecahan prasasti dari <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maitreyasamitin%C4%81%E1%B9%ADaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maitreyasamitināṭaka (halaman belum tersedia)">Maitreyasamitināṭaka</a></i>, yang ditemukan pada tahun 1974 di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabupaten_Otonomi_Yanqi_Hui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabupaten Otonomi Yanqi Hui (halaman belum tersedia)">Yanqi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aksara Tokharia mungkin tidak dipakai lagi sejak tahun 840 M, ketika <a href="/wiki/Suku_Uighur" title="Suku Uighur">suku Uighur</a> diusir dari <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> oleh <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Kirgiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Kirgiz">bangsa Kirgiz</a>, mundur ke Cekungan Tarim. Teori ini didukung oleh penemuan terjemahan teks Tocharian ke dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Uighur" title="Bahasa Uighur">bahasa Uyghur</a>. Selama pemerintahan Uyghur, orang-orang bercampur dengan Uyghur untuk menghasilkan banyak populasi modern yang sekarang disebut <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Huruf">Huruf</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Huruf" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Huruf"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aksara Tokharia didasarkan pada aksara Brahmi, dengan masing-masing <a href="/wiki/Konsonan" title="Konsonan">konsonan</a> memiliki <a href="/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal">vokal</a> bawaan, yang dapat diubah dengan menambahkan tanda vokal atau dihilangkan dengan tanda pembatalan khusus, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wirama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wirama (halaman belum tersedia)">wirama</a>. Seperti Brahmi, Tokharia menggunakan susun untuk konsonan konsonan dan memiliki bentuk konjungsi tidak beraturan dari huruf <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ra.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/30px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif" decoding="async" width="30" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/45px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/60px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span>, ra.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tidak seperti aksara Brahmi lainnya, Tokharia memiliki set karakter kedua yang disebut sebagai <i>Fremdzeichen</i>, yang menggandakan beberapa konsonan standar, tetapi dengan vokal "Ä" yang melekat.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kesebelas Fremdzeichen paling sering ditemukan sebagai pengganti konsonan+virama standar dalam konjungsi, tetapi mereka dapat ditemukan dalam konteks apa pun selain dengan tanda vokal "Ä" yang eksplisit. Fremdzeichen sebagai konsonan+wirama tidak ditemukan dalam teks Tokharia selanjutnya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tabel_huruf_Tokharia">Tabel huruf Tokharia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Tabel huruf Tokharia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tabel huruf Tokharia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Vokal Tokharia </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Vokal independen</th> <th>A</th> <th>Ā</th> <th>I</th> <th>Ī</th> <th>U</th> <th>Ū </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_a.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tocharian_letter_a.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_a.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tocharian_letter_a.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_a.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tocharian_letter_a.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_a.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_aa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tocharian_letter_aa.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_aa.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tocharian_letter_aa.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_aa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tocharian_letter_aa.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_aa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_i.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tocharian_letter_i.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_i.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tocharian_letter_i.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_i.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tocharian_letter_i.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_i.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ii.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tocharian_letter_ii.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ii.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tocharian_letter_ii.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ii.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tocharian_letter_ii.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ii.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_u.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Tocharian_letter_u.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_u.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Tocharian_letter_u.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_u.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Tocharian_letter_u.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_u.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_uu.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Tocharian_letter_uu.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_uu.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Tocharian_letter_uu.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_uu.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Tocharian_letter_uu.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_uu.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>R̥</th> <th>R̥̄</th> <th>E</th> <th>Ai</th> <th>O</th> <th>Au</th> <th>Ä </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_r.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Tocharian_letter_r.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_r.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Tocharian_letter_r.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_r.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Tocharian_letter_r.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_r.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_rr.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Tocharian_letter_rr.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_rr.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Tocharian_letter_rr.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_rr.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Tocharian_letter_rr.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_rr.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_e.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Tocharian_letter_e.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_e.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Tocharian_letter_e.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_e.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Tocharian_letter_e.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_e.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ai.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tocharian_letter_ai.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ai.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tocharian_letter_ai.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ai.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tocharian_letter_ai.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ai.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_o.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tocharian_letter_o.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_o.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tocharian_letter_o.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_o.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tocharian_letter_o.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_o.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_au.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tocharian_letter_au.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_au.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tocharian_letter_au.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_au.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Tocharian_letter_au.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_au.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_%C3%A4.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tocharian_letter_%C3%A4.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_%C3%A4.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tocharian_letter_%C3%A4.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_%C3%A4.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Tocharian_letter_%C3%A4.gif 2x" data-file-width="129" data-file-height="173" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Vokal diakritik<br />(di sini diterapkan pada <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/30px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" decoding="async" width="30" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/45px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/60px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span><br />sebagai contoh)</th> <th>Tha</th> <th>Thā</th> <th>Thi</th> <th>Thī</th> <th>Thu</th> <th>Thū </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thaa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Tocharian_letter_thaa.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thaa.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Tocharian_letter_thaa.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thaa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Tocharian_letter_thaa.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thaa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thi.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_thi.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thi.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_thi.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thi.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_thi.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thi.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thii.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Tocharian_letter_thii.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thii.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Tocharian_letter_thii.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thii.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Tocharian_letter_thii.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thii.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thu.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Tocharian_letter_thu.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thu.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Tocharian_letter_thu.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thu.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Tocharian_letter_thu.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thu.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thuu.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Tocharian_letter_thuu.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thuu.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Tocharian_letter_thuu.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thuu.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Tocharian_letter_thuu.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thuu.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Thr̥</th> <th>Thr̥̄</th> <th>The</th> <th>Thai</th> <th>Tho</th> <th>Thau</th> <th>Thä </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thr.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Tocharian_letter_thr.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thr.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Tocharian_letter_thr.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thr.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Tocharian_letter_thr.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thr.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thrr.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_thrr.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thrr.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_thrr.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thrr.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_thrr.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thrr.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_the.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Tocharian_letter_the.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_the.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Tocharian_letter_the.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_the.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Tocharian_letter_the.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_the.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thai.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tocharian_letter_thai.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thai.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tocharian_letter_thai.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thai.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tocharian_letter_thai.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thai.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_tho.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Tocharian_letter_tho.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_tho.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Tocharian_letter_tho.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_tho.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Tocharian_letter_tho.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_tho.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_thau.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tocharian_letter_thau.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_thau.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tocharian_letter_thau.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_thau.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tocharian_letter_thau.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_thau.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_th%C3%A4.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Tocharian_letter_th%C3%A4.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_th%C3%A4.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Tocharian_letter_th%C3%A4.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_th%C3%A4.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Tocharian_letter_th%C3%A4.gif 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="141" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Konsonan Tokharia </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_langit-langit_belakang" title="Konsonan langit-langit belakang">Velar</a></th> <th>Ka</th> <th>Kha</th> <th>Ga</th> <th>Gha</th> <th>Ṅa </th></tr> <tr> <td>Baku</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ka.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tocharian_letter_ka.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ka.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tocharian_letter_ka.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ka.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tocharian_letter_ka.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ka.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_kha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Tocharian_letter_kha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_kha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Tocharian_letter_kha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_kha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Tocharian_letter_kha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_kha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ga.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tocharian_letter_ga.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ga.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tocharian_letter_ga.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ga.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tocharian_letter_ga.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ga.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_gha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_gha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_gha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_gha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_gha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_gha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_gha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_nga.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_nga.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_nga.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_nga.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_nga.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_nga.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_nga.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fremdzeichen</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_k%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tocharian_letter_k%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_k%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tocharian_letter_k%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_k%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tocharian_letter_k%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_k%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Palatum" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatum">Palatal</a></th> <th>Ca</th> <th>Cha</th> <th>Ja</th> <th>Jha</th> <th>Ña </th></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ca.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Tocharian_letter_ca.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ca.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Tocharian_letter_ca.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ca.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Tocharian_letter_ca.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ca.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_cha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tocharian_letter_cha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_cha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tocharian_letter_cha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_cha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tocharian_letter_cha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_cha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ja.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_ja.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ja.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_ja.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ja.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_ja.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ja.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_jha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tocharian_letter_jha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_jha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tocharian_letter_jha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_jha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tocharian_letter_jha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_jha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_nya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tocharian_letter_nya.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_nya.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tocharian_letter_nya.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_nya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tocharian_letter_nya.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_nya.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_tarik-belakang" title="Konsonan tarik-belakang">Retrofleks</a></th> <th>Ṭa</th> <th>Ṭha</th> <th>Ḍa</th> <th>Ḍha</th> <th>Ṇa </th></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_tta.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tocharian_letter_tta.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_tta.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tocharian_letter_tta.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_tta.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tocharian_letter_tta.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_tta.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_dda.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tocharian_letter_dda.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_dda.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tocharian_letter_dda.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_dda.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tocharian_letter_dda.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_dda.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_nna.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tocharian_letter_nna.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_nna.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tocharian_letter_nna.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_nna.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tocharian_letter_nna.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_nna.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_dental" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan dental">Dental</a></th> <th>Ta</th> <th>Tha</th> <th>Da</th> <th>Dha</th> <th>Na </th></tr> <tr> <td>Baku</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ta.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tocharian_letter_ta.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ta.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tocharian_letter_ta.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ta.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tocharian_letter_ta.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ta.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_da.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tocharian_letter_da.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_da.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tocharian_letter_da.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_da.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tocharian_letter_da.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_da.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_dha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tocharian_letter_dha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_dha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tocharian_letter_dha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_dha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tocharian_letter_dha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_dha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_na.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fremdzeichen</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_t%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tocharian_letter_t%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_t%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tocharian_letter_t%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_t%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tocharian_letter_t%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_t%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_n%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Tocharian_letter_n%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_n%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Tocharian_letter_n%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_n%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Tocharian_letter_n%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_n%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_bibir" title="Konsonan bibir">Labial</a></th> <th>Pa</th> <th>Pha</th> <th>Ba</th> <th>Bha</th> <th>Ma </th></tr> <tr> <td>Baku</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_pa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tocharian_letter_pa.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_pa.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tocharian_letter_pa.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_pa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tocharian_letter_pa.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_pa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_pha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Tocharian_letter_pha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_pha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Tocharian_letter_pha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_pha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Tocharian_letter_pha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_pha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ba.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tocharian_letter_ba.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ba.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tocharian_letter_ba.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ba.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tocharian_letter_ba.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ba.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_bha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tocharian_letter_bha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_bha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tocharian_letter_bha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_bha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tocharian_letter_bha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_bha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ma.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tocharian_letter_ma.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ma.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tocharian_letter_ma.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ma.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tocharian_letter_ma.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ma.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fremdzeichen</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_p%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tocharian_letter_p%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_p%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tocharian_letter_p%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_p%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tocharian_letter_p%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_p%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_m%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Tocharian_letter_m%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_m%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Tocharian_letter_m%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_m%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Tocharian_letter_m%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_m%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsonan_soronan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsonan soronan (halaman belum tersedia)">Sonoran</a></th> <th>Ya</th> <th>Ra</th> <th>La</th> <th>Va </th></tr> <tr> <td>Baku</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tocharian_letter_ya.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ya.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tocharian_letter_ya.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tocharian_letter_ya.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ya.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ra.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_la.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tocharian_letter_la.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_la.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tocharian_letter_la.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_la.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tocharian_letter_la.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_la.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_va.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tocharian_letter_va.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_va.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tocharian_letter_va.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_va.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tocharian_letter_va.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_va.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fremdzeichen</td> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_r%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Tocharian_letter_r%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_r%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Tocharian_letter_r%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_r%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Tocharian_letter_r%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_r%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_l%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Tocharian_letter_l%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_l%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Tocharian_letter_l%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_l%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Tocharian_letter_l%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_l%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_v%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Tocharian_letter_v%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_v%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Tocharian_letter_v%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_v%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Tocharian_letter_v%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_v%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_sibilan" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan sibilan">Sibilan</a></th> <th>Śa</th> <th>Ṣa</th> <th>Sa</th> <th>Ha </th></tr> <tr> <td>Baku</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_sha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Tocharian_letter_sha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_sha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Tocharian_letter_sha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_sha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Tocharian_letter_sha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_sha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_sa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_sa.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_sa.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_sa.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_sa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_sa.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_sa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tocharian_letter_ha.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ha.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tocharian_letter_ha.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tocharian_letter_ha.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fremdzeichen</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_sh%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Tocharian_letter_sh%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_sh%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Tocharian_letter_sh%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_sh%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Tocharian_letter_sh%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_sh%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ss%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tocharian_letter_ss%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_ss%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tocharian_letter_ss%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_ss%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tocharian_letter_ss%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_ss%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_s%C3%A0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Tocharian_letter_s%C3%A0.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_s%C3%A0.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Tocharian_letter_s%C3%A0.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_s%C3%A0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Tocharian_letter_s%C3%A0.gif/150px-Tocharian_letter_s%C3%A0.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Tanda baca lain </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisarga" title="Wisarga">Wisarga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anuswara" title="Anuswara">Anuswara</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wirama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wirama (halaman belum tersedia)">Wirama</a> (pada <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_na.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="na"><img alt="na" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/30px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif" decoding="async" width="30" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/45px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/60px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span>)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisarga" title="Wisarga">Jihwamuliya</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wisarga" title="Wisarga">Upadhmaniya</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_Visarga.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tocharian_Visarga.gif/75px-Tocharian_Visarga.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tocharian_Visarga.gif/113px-Tocharian_Visarga.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tocharian_Visarga.gif/150px-Tocharian_Visarga.gif 2x" data-file-width="153" data-file-height="141" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_Anusvaara.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tocharian_Anusvaara.gif/75px-Tocharian_Anusvaara.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tocharian_Anusvaara.gif/113px-Tocharian_Anusvaara.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Tocharian_Anusvaara.gif/150px-Tocharian_Anusvaara.gif 2x" data-file-width="177" data-file-height="173" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_n%27.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tocharian_letter_n%27.gif/75px-Tocharian_letter_n%27.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Tocharian_letter_n%27.gif/113px-Tocharian_letter_n%27.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Tocharian_letter_n%27.gif 2x" data-file-width="117" data-file-height="141" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_Jihvamuuliya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tocharian_Jihvamuuliya.gif/75px-Tocharian_Jihvamuuliya.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tocharian_Jihvamuuliya.gif/113px-Tocharian_Jihvamuuliya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Tocharian_Jihvamuuliya.gif/150px-Tocharian_Jihvamuuliya.gif 2x" data-file-width="153" data-file-height="153" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_Upadhmaniiya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tocharian_Upadhmaniiya.gif/75px-Tocharian_Upadhmaniiya.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tocharian_Upadhmaniiya.gif/113px-Tocharian_Upadhmaniiya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tocharian_Upadhmaniiya.gif/150px-Tocharian_Upadhmaniiya.gif 2x" data-file-width="157" data-file-height="141" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Evolusi_dari_aksara_Brahma_ke_Tokharia">Evolusi dari aksara Brahma ke Tokharia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Evolusi dari aksara Brahma ke Tokharia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Evolusi dari aksara Brahma ke Tokharia"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:2nd-century_CE_Sanskrit,_Kizil_China,_Spitzer_Manuscript_folio_383_fragment_verso.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/2nd-century_CE_Sanskrit%2C_Kizil_China%2C_Spitzer_Manuscript_folio_383_fragment_verso.jpg/220px-2nd-century_CE_Sanskrit%2C_Kizil_China%2C_Spitzer_Manuscript_folio_383_fragment_verso.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/2nd-century_CE_Sanskrit%2C_Kizil_China%2C_Spitzer_Manuscript_folio_383_fragment_verso.jpg/330px-2nd-century_CE_Sanskrit%2C_Kizil_China%2C_Spitzer_Manuscript_folio_383_fragment_verso.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/2nd-century_CE_Sanskrit%2C_Kizil_China%2C_Spitzer_Manuscript_folio_383_fragment_verso.jpg/440px-2nd-century_CE_Sanskrit%2C_Kizil_China%2C_Spitzer_Manuscript_folio_383_fragment_verso.jpg 2x" data-file-width="865" data-file-height="233" /></a><figcaption>Bahasa Sanskerta abad ke-2 M, <a href="/wiki/Gua_Kizil" title="Gua Kizil">Gua Kizil</a>. Baris pertama: "... [pa]kasah tasmad asma(d)vipaksapratipaksas..." . Spitzer, Naskah pecahan folio 383.</figcaption></figure> <p>Naskah dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sanskerta" title="Bahasa Sanskerta">bahasa Sanskerta</a>, ditulis dalam <a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">aksara Brahmi</a> Pertengahan gaya <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Kushan" title="Kekaisaran Kushan">Kushan</a>, memakai metode penanggalan karbon, sehingga naskah itu berasal dari abad ke-2 M, telah ditemukan di <a href="/wiki/Cekungan_Tarim" title="Cekungan Tarim">Cekungan Tarimdan</a> khususnya di Kizil. Beberapa fragmen, sangat mungkin manuskrip Sanskerta tertua dari jenis apa pun yang terkait dengan agama Buddha dan Hindu yang ditemukan sejauh ini, ditemukan pada tahun 1906 dalam bentuk tumpukan lebih dari 1.000 fragmen daun palem di <a href="/wiki/Gua_Kizil" title="Gua Kizil">Gua Kizil</a>, selama ekspedisi <a href="/wiki/Turpan" title="Turpan">Turfan</a> ketiga yang dipimpin oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Gr%C3%BCnwedel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Grünwedel (halaman belum tersedia)">Albert Grünwedel</a>. Usia manuskrip yang dikalibrasi dengan teknik Carbon-14 adalah 130 M (80–230 M), sesuai dengan aturan raja Kushan bernama <a href="/wiki/Kanishka" title="Kanishka">Kanishka</a>. </p><p>Aksara Tokharia berevolusi dari <a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">aksara Brahmi</a> Pertengahan gaya <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Kushan" title="Kekaisaran Kushan">Kushan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"> <caption>Evolusi dari <a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">aksara Brahmi</a> ke Brahmi <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Kushan" title="Kekaisaran Kushan">Kushan</a>, dan ke <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tokharia</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <td style="text-align: center"><span lang="peo">a</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">i</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">u</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">e</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">o</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">k-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">kh-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">g-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">gh-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ṅ-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">c-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ch-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">j-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">jh-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ñ-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ṭ-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ṭh-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ḍ-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ḍh-</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Brahmi</a> </th> <td><b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16191282">.mw-parser-output .script-brahmi{font-family:"Segoe UI Historic","Noto Sans Brahmi"}</style><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀅</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀇</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀉</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀏</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀑</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀓</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀔</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀕</span></b></td> <td><b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀖</span> </b></td> <td><b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀗</span> </b></td> <td><b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀘</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀙</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀚</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀛</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀜</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀝</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀞</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀟</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀠</span></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Brahmi Kushan</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Gupta_ashoka_a.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Gupta_ashoka_a.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Gupta_ashoka_a.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_i.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Gupta_ashoka_i.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_i.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Gupta_ashoka_i.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_i.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Gupta_ashoka_i.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_i.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_u.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gupta_ashoka_u.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_u.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gupta_ashoka_u.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_u.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gupta_ashoka_u.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_u.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_e.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gupta_ashoka_e.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Gupta_ashoka_e.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_e.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Gupta_ashoka_k.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_k.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Gupta_ashoka_k.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_k.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_kh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gupta_ashoka_kh.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_kh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gupta_ashoka_kh.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_kh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gupta_ashoka_kh.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_kh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_g.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Gupta_ashoka_g.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_g.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Gupta_ashoka_g.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_g.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Gupta_ashoka_g.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_g.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_gh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gupta_ashoka_gh.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_gh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gupta_ashoka_gh.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_gh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Gupta_ashoka_gh.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_gh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_ng.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gupta_ashoka_ng.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_ng.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gupta_ashoka_ng.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_ng.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Gupta_ashoka_ng.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_ng.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_c.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gupta_ashoka_c.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_c.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gupta_ashoka_c.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_c.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Gupta_ashoka_c.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_c.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_ch.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gupta_ashoka_ch.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_ch.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gupta_ashoka_ch.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_ch.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gupta_ashoka_ch.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_ch.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_j.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gupta_ashoka_j.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_j.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gupta_ashoka_j.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_j.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Gupta_ashoka_j.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_j.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_jh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_ny.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Gupta_ashoka_ny.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_ny.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Gupta_ashoka_ny.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_ny.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Gupta_ashoka_ny.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_ny.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_tt.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gupta_ashoka_tt.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_tt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gupta_ashoka_tt.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_tt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Gupta_ashoka_tt.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_tt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_tth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gupta_ashoka_tth.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_tth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gupta_ashoka_tth.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_tth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Gupta_ashoka_tth.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_tth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_dd.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Gupta_ashoka_dd.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_dd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Gupta_ashoka_dd.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_dd.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Gupta_ashoka_dd.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_dd.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_ddh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gupta_ashoka_ddh.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_ddh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gupta_ashoka_ddh.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_ddh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Gupta_ashoka_ddh.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_ddh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tokharia</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_a.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tocharian_letter_a.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_a.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tocharian_letter_a.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_a.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Tocharian_letter_a.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_a.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_i.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tocharian_letter_i.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_i.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tocharian_letter_i.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_i.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tocharian_letter_i.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_i.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_u.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Tocharian_letter_u.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_u.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Tocharian_letter_u.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_u.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Tocharian_letter_u.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_u.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_e.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Tocharian_letter_e.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_e.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Tocharian_letter_e.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_e.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Tocharian_letter_e.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_e.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_o.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tocharian_letter_o.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_o.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tocharian_letter_o.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_o.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tocharian_letter_o.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_o.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ka.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tocharian_letter_ka.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ka.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tocharian_letter_ka.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ka.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Tocharian_letter_ka.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ka.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_kha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Tocharian_letter_kha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_kha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Tocharian_letter_kha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_kha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Tocharian_letter_kha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_kha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ga.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tocharian_letter_ga.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ga.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tocharian_letter_ga.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ga.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Tocharian_letter_ga.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ga.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_gha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_gha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_gha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_gha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_gha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tocharian_letter_gha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_gha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_nga.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_nga.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_nga.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_nga.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_nga.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_nga.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_nga.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ca.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Tocharian_letter_ca.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ca.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Tocharian_letter_ca.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ca.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Tocharian_letter_ca.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ca.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_cha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tocharian_letter_cha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_cha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tocharian_letter_cha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_cha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Tocharian_letter_cha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_cha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ja.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_ja.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ja.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_ja.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ja.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Tocharian_letter_ja.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ja.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_jha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tocharian_letter_jha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_jha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tocharian_letter_jha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_jha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tocharian_letter_jha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_jha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_nya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tocharian_letter_nya.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_nya.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tocharian_letter_nya.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_nya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tocharian_letter_nya.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_nya.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_tta.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tocharian_letter_tta.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_tta.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tocharian_letter_tta.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_tta.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Tocharian_letter_tta.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_tta.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ttha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_dda.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tocharian_letter_dda.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_dda.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tocharian_letter_dda.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_dda.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tocharian_letter_dda.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_dda.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ddha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <td><span lang="peo">ṇ-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">t-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">th-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">d-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">dh-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">n-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">p-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ph-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">b-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">bh-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">m-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">y-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">r-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">l-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">v-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ś-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">ṣ-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">s-</span></td> <td><span lang="peo">h-</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Brahmi</a> </th> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀡</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀢</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀣</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀤</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀥</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀦</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀧</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀨</span> </b></td> <td><b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀩</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀪</span></b></td> <td><b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀫</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀬</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀭</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀮</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀯</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀰</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀱</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀲</span></b></td> <td><b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16191282"><span title="Brahmi" class="script-brahmi">𑀳</span></b> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Brahmi Kushan</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_nn.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Gupta_ashoka_nn.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_nn.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Gupta_ashoka_nn.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_nn.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Gupta_ashoka_nn.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_nn.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_t.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Gupta_ashoka_t.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_t.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Gupta_ashoka_t.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_t.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Gupta_ashoka_t.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_t.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_th.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gupta_ashoka_th.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_th.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gupta_ashoka_th.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_th.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gupta_ashoka_th.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_th.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_d.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Gupta_ashoka_d.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_d.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Gupta_ashoka_d.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_d.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Gupta_ashoka_d.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_d.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_dh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gupta_ashoka_dh.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_dh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gupta_ashoka_dh.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_dh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gupta_ashoka_dh.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_dh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_n.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Gupta_ashoka_n.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_n.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Gupta_ashoka_n.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_n.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Gupta_ashoka_n.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_n.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_p.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gupta_ashoka_p.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_p.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gupta_ashoka_p.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_p.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gupta_ashoka_p.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_p.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg/12px-Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg/18px-Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg/24px-Gupta_allahabad_ph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_b.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gupta_ashoka_b.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_b.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gupta_ashoka_b.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_b.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Gupta_ashoka_b.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_b.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_bh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gupta_ashoka_bh.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_bh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gupta_ashoka_bh.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_bh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gupta_ashoka_bh.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_bh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_m.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gupta_ashoka_m.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gupta_ashoka_m.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Gupta_ashoka_m.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_y.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Gupta_ashoka_y.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_y.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Gupta_ashoka_y.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_y.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Gupta_ashoka_y.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_y.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_r.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gupta_ashoka_r.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gupta_ashoka_r.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Gupta_ashoka_r.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_l.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gupta_ashoka_l.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_l.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gupta_ashoka_l.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_l.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gupta_ashoka_l.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_l.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_v.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gupta_ashoka_v.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_v.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gupta_ashoka_v.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_v.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Gupta_ashoka_v.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_v.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_sh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gupta_ashoka_sh.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_sh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gupta_ashoka_sh.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_sh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Gupta_ashoka_sh.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_sh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_ss.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gupta_ashoka_ss.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_ss.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gupta_ashoka_ss.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_ss.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gupta_ashoka_ss.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_ss.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_s.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gupta_ashoka_s.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_s.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gupta_ashoka_s.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_s.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gupta_ashoka_s.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_s.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Gupta_ashoka_h.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gupta_ashoka_h.svg/12px-Gupta_ashoka_h.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gupta_ashoka_h.svg/18px-Gupta_ashoka_h.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gupta_ashoka_h.svg/24px-Gupta_ashoka_h.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tokharia</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_nna.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tocharian_letter_nna.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_nna.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tocharian_letter_nna.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_nna.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Tocharian_letter_nna.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_nna.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ta.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tocharian_letter_ta.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ta.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tocharian_letter_ta.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ta.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tocharian_letter_ta.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ta.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Tocharian_letter_tha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_tha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_da.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tocharian_letter_da.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_da.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tocharian_letter_da.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_da.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tocharian_letter_da.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_da.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_dha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tocharian_letter_dha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_dha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tocharian_letter_dha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_dha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tocharian_letter_dha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_dha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_na.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Tocharian_letter_na.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_na.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_pa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tocharian_letter_pa.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_pa.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tocharian_letter_pa.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_pa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Tocharian_letter_pa.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_pa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_pha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Tocharian_letter_pha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_pha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Tocharian_letter_pha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_pha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Tocharian_letter_pha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_pha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ba.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tocharian_letter_ba.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ba.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tocharian_letter_ba.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ba.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Tocharian_letter_ba.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ba.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_bha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tocharian_letter_bha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_bha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tocharian_letter_bha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_bha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tocharian_letter_bha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_bha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ma.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tocharian_letter_ma.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ma.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tocharian_letter_ma.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ma.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tocharian_letter_ma.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ma.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tocharian_letter_ya.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ya.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tocharian_letter_ya.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tocharian_letter_ya.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ya.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ra.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Tocharian_letter_ra.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ra.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_la.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tocharian_letter_la.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_la.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tocharian_letter_la.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_la.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tocharian_letter_la.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_la.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_va.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tocharian_letter_va.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_va.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tocharian_letter_va.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_va.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Tocharian_letter_va.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_va.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_sha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Tocharian_letter_sha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_sha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Tocharian_letter_sha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_sha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Tocharian_letter_sha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_sha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ssa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_sa.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_sa.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_sa.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_sa.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_sa.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tocharian_letter_sa.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_sa.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Tocharian_letter_ha.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tocharian_letter_ha.gif/25px-Tocharian_letter_ha.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tocharian_letter_ha.gif/38px-Tocharian_letter_ha.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tocharian_letter_ha.gif/50px-Tocharian_letter_ha.gif 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="154" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tokharia" title="Bahasa Tokharia">Bahasa Tokharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_aksara_Brahmi" title="Rumpun aksara Brahmi">Rumpun aksara Brahmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Indo-Eropa" title="Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa">Rumpun bahasa Indo-Eropa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Härtel, Herbert; Yaldiz, Marianne; Kunst (Germany), Museum für Indische; N.Y.), Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BLuaphht8XwC&pg=PA107"><i>Along the Ancient Silk Routes: Central Asian Art from the West Berlin State Museums : an Exhibition Lent by the Museum Für Indische Kunst, Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Metropolitan Museum of Art. hlm. 107. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-87099-300-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-87099-300-8">978-0-87099-300-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Along+the+Ancient+Silk+Routes%3A+Central+Asian+Art+from+the+West+Berlin+State+Museums+%3A+an+Exhibition+Lent+by+the+Museum+F%C3%BCr+Indische+Kunst%2C+Staatliche+Museen+Preussischer+Kulturbesitz%2C+Berlin%2C+Federal+Republic+of+Germany&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-87099-300-8&rft.aulast=H%C3%A4rtel&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rft.au=Yaldiz%2C+Marianne&rft.au=Kunst+%28Germany%29%2C+Museum+f%C3%BCr+Indische&rft.au=N.Y.%29%2C+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+%28New+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBLuaphht8XwC%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Waugh (Historian, University of Washington), Daniel C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/museums/mia/kizil.html">"MIA Berlin: Turfan Collection: Kizil"</a>. <i>depts.washington.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=depts.washington.edu&rft.atitle=MIA+Berlin%3A+Turfan+Collection%3A+Kizil&rft.aulast=Waugh+%28Historian%2C+University+of+Washington%29&rft.aufirst=Daniel+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdepts.washington.edu%2Fsilkroad%2Fmuseums%2Fmia%2Fkizil.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Härtel, Herbert; Yaldiz, Marianne; Kunst (Germany), Museum für Indische; N.Y.), Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BLuaphht8XwC&pg=PA107"><i>Along the Ancient Silk Routes: Central Asian Art from the West Berlin State Museums : an Exhibition Lent by the Museum Für Indische Kunst, Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Metropolitan Museum of Art. hlm. 107. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-87099-300-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-87099-300-8">978-0-87099-300-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Along+the+Ancient+Silk+Routes%3A+Central+Asian+Art+from+the+West+Berlin+State+Museums+%3A+an+Exhibition+Lent+by+the+Museum+F%C3%BCr+Indische+Kunst%2C+Staatliche+Museen+Preussischer+Kulturbesitz%2C+Berlin%2C+Federal+Republic+of+Germany&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-87099-300-8&rft.aulast=H%C3%A4rtel&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rft.au=Yaldiz%2C+Marianne&rft.au=Kunst+%28Germany%29%2C+Museum+f%C3%BCr+Indische&rft.au=N.Y.%29%2C+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+%28New+York&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBLuaphht8XwC%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Le Coq, Albert von. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dsr.nii.ac.jp/toyobunko/LFB-2/V-5/page-hr/0014.html.en"><i>Die Buddhistische Spätantike in Mittelasien : vol.5</i></a>. hlm. 10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Buddhistische+Sp%C3%A4tantike+in+Mittelasien+%3A+vol.5&rft.pages=10&rft.aulast=Le+Coq&rft.aufirst=Albert+von&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdsr.nii.ac.jp%2Ftoyobunko%2FLFB-2%2FV-5%2Fpage-hr%2F0014.html.en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/natlang/ie/tochB.html">"A dictionary of Tocharian B"</a>. <i>www.win.tue.nl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.win.tue.nl&rft.atitle=A+dictionary+of+Tocharian+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.win.tue.nl%2F~aeb%2Fnatlang%2Fie%2FtochB.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In Ashokan Brahmi: <big>𑀲𑁂𑀧𑀜𑀓𑁆𑀢𑁂 𑀲𑀡𑁆𑀓𑁂𑀢𑀯𑀝𑁆𑀲𑁂 𑀱𑀭𑁆𑀲 𑀧𑀧𑁃𑀬𑁆𑀓𑁅</big></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Diringer, David (1948). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.57042/page/n349/mode/2up"><i>Alphabet A Key To The History Of Mankind</i></a>. hlm. 347–348.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alphabet+A+Key+To+The+History+Of+Mankind&rft.pages=347-348&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Diringer&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.57042%2Fpage%2Fn349%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/brahmi-indian-script">"BRĀHMĪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica"</a>. <i>www.iranicaonline.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2019-03-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.iranicaonline.org&rft.atitle=BR%C4%80HM%C4%AA+%E2%80%93+Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fbrahmi-indian-script&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Earliest paintings from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kizil_Caves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kizil Caves (halaman belum tersedia)">Kizil Caves</a> with Tocharian inscriptions, now <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon_dated&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbon dated (halaman belum tersedia)">carbon dated</a> to 245-340 CE, see <cite class="citation web">Waugh (Historian, University of Washington), Daniel C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/museums/mia/kizil.html">"MIA Berlin: Turfan Collection: Kizil"</a>. <i>depts.washington.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=depts.washington.edu&rft.atitle=MIA+Berlin%3A+Turfan+Collection%3A+Kizil&rft.aulast=Waugh+%28Historian%2C+University+of+Washington%29&rft.aufirst=Daniel+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdepts.washington.edu%2Fsilkroad%2Fmuseums%2Fmia%2Fkizil.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Namba Walter, Mariko (October 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sino-platonic.org/complete/spp085_tokharian_buddhism_kucha.pdf">"Tokharian Buddhism in Kucha: Buddhism of Indo-European Centum Speakers in Chinese Turkestan before the 10th Century C.E."</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Sino-Platonic Papers</i>. <b>85</b>: 2-4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sino-Platonic+Papers&rft.atitle=Tokharian+Buddhism+in+Kucha%3A+Buddhism+of+Indo-European+Centum+Speakers+in+Chinese+Turkestan+before+the+10th+Century+C.E.&rft.volume=85&rft.pages=2-4&rft.date=1998-10&rft.aulast=Namba+Walter&rft.aufirst=Mariko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sino-platonic.org%2Fcomplete%2Fspp085_tokharian_buddhism_kucha.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DD-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DD_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Diringer, David (1948). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.57042/page/n349/mode/2up"><i>Alphabet A Key To The History Of Mankind</i></a>. hlm. 347–348.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alphabet+A+Key+To+The+History+Of+Mankind&rft.pages=347-348&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Diringer&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.57042%2Fpage%2Fn349%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/tech/htww/2008/01/29/fragments_of_the_tocharian/index.html">Fragments of the Tocharian</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080201082951/http://www.salon.com/tech/htww/2008/01/29/fragments_of_the_tocharian/index.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2008-02-01 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.", Andrew Leonard, <i>How the World Works</i>, <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a>, January 29, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3107526">Review of 'Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-Nataka of the Xinjiang Museum, China. In Collaboration with Werner Winter and Georges-Jean Pinault by Ji Xianlin'</a>", J. C. Wright, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulletin_of_the_School_of_Oriental_and_African_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies (halaman belum tersedia)">Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="University of London">University of London</a>, Vol. 62, No. 2 (1999), pp. 367–370</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/3110149044">Fragments of the Tocharian a Maitreyasamiti-Nataka of the Zinjiang Museum, China</a>", Ji Xianlin, Werner Winter, Georges-Jean Pinault, <i>Trends in Linguistics, Studies and Monographs</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Gippert, Jost. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/idg/toch/tochbr.htm">"Tocharian Brahmi Script"</a>. TITUS Didactica<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tocharian+Brahmi+Script&rft.pub=TITUS+Didactica&rft.aulast=Gippert&rft.aufirst=Jost&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftitus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de%2Fdidact%2Fidg%2Ftoch%2Ftochbr.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Wilson, Lee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15236-tocharian.pdf">"Proposal to Encode the Tocharian Script (in the Unicode Standard / ISO 10646)"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proposal+to+Encode+the+Tocharian+Script+%28in+the+Unicode+Standard+%2F+ISO+10646%29&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2015%2F15236-tocharian.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Joshi, R. Malatesha; McBride, Catherine (11 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n_ecDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA27"><i>Handbook of Literacy in Akshara Orthography</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Springer. hlm. 27. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-3-030-05977-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-3-030-05977-4">978-3-030-05977-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Literacy+in+Akshara+Orthography&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2019-06-11&rft.isbn=978-3-030-05977-4&rft.aulast=Joshi&rft.aufirst=R.+Malatesha&rft.au=McBride%2C+Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn_ecDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Diringer, David (1948). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.57042/page/n349/mode/2up"><i>Alphabet A Key To The History Of Mankind</i></a>. hlm. 247–248.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alphabet+A+Key+To+The+History+Of+Mankind&rft.pages=247-248&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Diringer&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.57042%2Fpage%2Fn349%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tokharia&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>TITUS: Tocharian <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/idg/toch/tochbr.htm">alphabets</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/database/titusinx/tochvb.asp">conjugation tables</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/tocharic/tht.htm">manuscripts</a> from the Berlin Turfan Collection</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wordgumbo.com/ie/cmp/toch.htm">A Tocharian-to-English dictionary with nearly 200 words</a> with accompanying <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wordgumbo.com/ie/cmp/toch.htm">article</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/eieol/tokol">Tocharian Online</a> by Todd B. Krause and Jonathan Slocum, University of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> at Austin</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omniglot.com/writing/tocharian.htm"><i>Tocharian alphabet</i></a> at Omniglot.com</li> <li>Online: <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.win.tue.nl/~aeb/natlang/ie/tochB.html">"A dictionary of Tocharian B"</a>. <i>www.win.tue.nl</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.win.tue.nl&rft.atitle=A+dictionary+of+Tocharian+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.win.tue.nl%2F~aeb%2Fnatlang%2Fie%2FtochB.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>, also in print: <cite class="citation book">Adams, Douglas Q. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EWziAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA420"><i>A Dictionary of Tocharian B</i></a> (dalam bahasa Inggris). Rodopi. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-90-420-3671-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-90-420-3671-0">978-90-420-3671-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Tocharian+B&rft.pub=Rodopi&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-90-420-3671-0&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Douglas+Q.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEWziAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA420&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAksara+Tokharia" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Jenis aksara (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Jenis_aksara&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jenis-jenis_aksara" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenis-jenis</a> <a href="/wiki/Aksara" title="Aksara">aksara</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Gambaran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_tulisan" title="Sejarah tulisan">Sejarah tulisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafem" title="Grafem">Grafem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Daftar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_yang_belum_diuraikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara yang belum diuraikan (halaman belum tersedia)">belum diuraikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_pencipta_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar pencipta aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">penemu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara_buatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara buatan (halaman belum tersedia)">buatan</a></li></ul></li> <li>Bahasa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_bahasa_menurut_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar bahasa menurut aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">menurut aksara</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daftar_bahasa_menurut_catatan_tertulis_pertama" title="Daftar bahasa menurut catatan tertulis pertama">catatan tertulis pertama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Jenis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-size:105%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_aksara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar aksara (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenis</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abjad" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abjad" title="Abjad">Abjad</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Arab_Selatan_Kuno" title="Abjad Arab Selatan Kuno">Arab Selatan Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abjad_Arab_Utara_Lama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abjad Arab Utara Lama (halaman belum tersedia)">Arab Utara Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Arab" title="Abjad Arab">Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Jawi" title="Abjad Jawi">Jawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Pegon" title="Abjad Pegon">Pegon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Aram" title="Abjad Aram">Aram</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abjad_Hatran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abjad Hatran (halaman belum tersedia)">Hatran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Fenisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Fenisia">Fenisia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Ibrani_Kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Abjad Ibrani Kuno">Ibrani Kuno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mesir" title="Hieroglif Mesir">Hieroglif Mesir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Ibrani" title="Abjad Ibrani">Ibrani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ktav_Ashuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ktav Ashuri">Ashuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrani_Kursif" title="Ibrani Kursif">Kursif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrani_Rashi" title="Ibrani Rashi">Rashi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solitreo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solitreo (halaman belum tersedia)">Solitreo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Mani" title="Abjad Mani">Mani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Nabath" title="Abjad Nabath">Nabath</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abjad_Pahlewi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abjad Pahlewi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pahlewi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazmur_Pahlewi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazmur Pahlewi (halaman belum tersedia)">Mazmur Pahlewi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Punik#Fonologi" title="Bahasa Punik">Punik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Proto-Sinai" title="Abjad Proto-Sinai">Proto-Sinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Samaria" title="Abjad Samaria">Samaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Sogdi" title="Abjad Sogdi">Sogdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Suryani" title="Abjad Suryani">Suryani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Pitman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Pitman (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Pitman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Teeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Teeline (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Teeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_Ugarit" title="Abjad Ugarit">Ugarit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Abugida" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">Abugida</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Rumpun_aksara_Brahmi" title="Rumpun aksara Brahmi">Brahmi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Utara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bhaiksuki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bhaiksuki (halaman belum tersedia)">Bhaiksuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bhujimol" title="Aksara Bhujimol">Bhujimol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Brahmi" title="Aksara Brahmi">Brāhmī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Dewanagari" title="Aksara Dewanagari">Dewanagari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Dogra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Dogra (halaman belum tersedia)">Dogra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gujarat" title="Aksara Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gupta" title="Aksara Gupta">Gupta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Gurmukhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Gurmukhi">Gurmukhī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kaithi" title="Aksara Kaithi">Kaithī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Khojki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Khojki (halaman belum tersedia)">Khojki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Khudabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Khudabad (halaman belum tersedia)">Khudabad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kotak_Zanabazar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kotak Zanabazar (halaman belum tersedia)">Kotak Zanabazar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_La%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8D%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Laṇḍā (halaman belum tersedia)">Laṇḍā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lepcha" title="Aksara Lepcha">Lepcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Limbu" title="Aksara Limbu">Limbu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mahajani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mahajani (halaman belum tersedia)">Mahajani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Manipur" title="Aksara Manipur">Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marchen_(blok_Unicode)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marchen (blok Unicode) (halaman belum tersedia)">Marchen</a> <ul><li>Drusha</li> <li>Marchung</li> <li>Pungs-chen</li> <li>Pungs-chung</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Modi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Modi">Modi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Multan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Multan (halaman belum tersedia)">Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_N%C4%81gar%C4%AB" title="Aksara Nāgarī">Nāgarī</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nagari_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nagari Selatan (halaman belum tersedia)">Nagari Selatan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nagari_Sylhet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nagari Sylhet (halaman belum tersedia)">Nagari Sylhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Nagari_Timur" title="Aksara Nagari Timur">Nagari Timur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Assam" title="Aksara Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bengali" title="Aksara Bengali">Bengali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nandinagari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nandinagari (halaman belum tersedia)">Nandinagari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Newah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Newah (halaman belum tersedia)">Pracalit (Newah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Oriya" title="Aksara Oriya">Oriya</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Karani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Karani (halaman belum tersedia)">Karani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Phagspa" title="Aksara Phagspa">ʼPhags-pa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Ranjana" title="Aksara Ranjana">Ranjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sarada" title="Aksara Sarada">Sarada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Siddha%E1%B9%83" title="Aksara Siddhaṃ">Siddhaṃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Soyombo" title="Aksara Soyombo">Soyombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Takri" title="Aksara Takri">Takri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tibet" title="Aksara Tibet">Tibet</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Uchen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Uchen (halaman belum tersedia)">Uchen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Um%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Umê (halaman belum tersedia)">Umê</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tirhuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tirhuta (halaman belum tersedia)">Tirhuta</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tokharia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Selatan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Ahom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Ahom (halaman belum tersedia)">Ahom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bhattiprolu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bhattiprolu (halaman belum tersedia)">Bhattiprolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Burma" title="Aksara Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Chakma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Chakma (halaman belum tersedia)">Chakma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Cham" title="Aksara Cham">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Divehi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Divehi (halaman belum tersedia)">Divehi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Fakkham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Fakkham (halaman belum tersedia)">Fakkham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Goykanadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Goykanadi (halaman belum tersedia)">Goykanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Grantha" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Grantha">Grantha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kadamba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kadamba (halaman belum tersedia)">Kadamba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kannada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kannada (halaman belum tersedia)">Kannada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Karen_S%27gaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Karen S'gaw (halaman belum tersedia)">Karen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Khmer" title="Aksara Khmer">Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lao" title="Aksara Lao">Lao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Leke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Leke (halaman belum tersedia)">Leke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Malayalam" title="Aksara Malayalam">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Pallawa" title="Aksara Pallawa">Pallawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Pyu" title="Aksara Pyu">Pyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Saurashtra" title="Aksara Saurashtra">Saurashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sinhala" title="Aksara Sinhala">Sinhala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Le&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Le (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Le</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Lue_Baru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Lue Baru (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Lue Baru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Noi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Noi (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Noi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Tham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Tham (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Tham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tai_Viet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tai Viet (halaman belum tersedia)">Tai Viet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tamil" title="Aksara Tamil">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tamil-Brahmi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tamil-Brahmi (halaman belum tersedia)">Tamil-Brahmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Telugu" title="Aksara Telugu">Telugu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Thai" title="Aksara Thai">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Tulu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Tulu (halaman belum tersedia)">Tulu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Vatteluttu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Vatteluttu (halaman belum tersedia)">Vatteluttu</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolezhuthu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolezhuthu (halaman belum tersedia)">Kolezhuthu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malayanma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malayanma (halaman belum tersedia)">Malayanma</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Kawi" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kawi" title="Aksara Kawi">Kawi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Bali" title="Aksara Bali">Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Batak" title="Surat Batak">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" class="mw-redirect" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Buhid" title="Aksara Buhid">Buhid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Hanun%C3%B3%27o" title="Aksara Hanunó'o">Hanunó'o</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kapampangan" title="Aksara Kapampangan">Kapampangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tagbanwa" title="Aksara Tagbanwa">Tagbanwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Buda" title="Aksara Buda">Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Jawa" title="Aksara Jawa">Jawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Lontara" title="Aksara Lontara">Lontara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lontara_Bilang-bilang" title="Lontara Bilang-bilang">Bilang-bilang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Makassar" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Makassar">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sunda_Kuno" title="Aksara Sunda Kuno">Sunda Kuno</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Sunda" title="Aksara Sunda">Sunda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Ulu" title="Surat Ulu">Surat Ulu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Incung" title="Aksara Incung">Incung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surat_Lampung" title="Surat Lampung">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Rejang" title="Aksara Rejang">Rejang</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Aborigin_Kanada" title="Aksara Aborigin Kanada">Aborigin Kanada</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Siksik%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Siksiká (halaman belum tersedia)">Siksiká</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Silabis_D%C3%A9n%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silabis Déné (halaman belum tersedia)">Silabis Déné</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille bahasa Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buri_Wolio" title="Buri Wolio">Buri Wolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Fox#Aksara" title="Bahasa Fox">Fox I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Ge%CA%BDez" title="Aksara Geʽez">Geʽez</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Gunjala_Gondi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Gunjala Gondi (halaman belum tersedia)">Gunjala Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Jenticha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Jenticha (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharosthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharosthi">Kharosthi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mandombe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mandombe (halaman belum tersedia)">Mandombe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Masaram_Gondi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Masaram Gondi (halaman belum tersedia)">Masaram Gondi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Meroi" title="Aksara Meroi">Meroi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Miao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Miao (halaman belum tersedia)">Miao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mwangwego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mwangwego (halaman belum tersedia)">Mwangwego</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahawh_Hmong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pahawh Hmong (halaman belum tersedia)">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Boyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Boyd (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Thomas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Thomas (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaana" title="Thaana">Thaana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Alfabet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alfabet" title="Alfabet">Alfabet</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A-Chik_Tok%27birim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A-Chik Tok'birim (halaman belum tersedia)">A-Chik Tok'birim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Abkhaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Abkhaz (halaman belum tersedia)">Abkhaz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Adlam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Adlam (halaman belum tersedia)">Adlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Albania_Kaukasus" title="Alfabet Albania Kaukasus">Albania Kaukasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Armenia" title="Alfabet Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Avesta" title="Alfabet Avesta">Avesta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avoiuli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avoiuli (halaman belum tersedia)">Avoiuli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Bassa_Vah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Bassa Vah (halaman belum tersedia)">Bassa Vah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Borama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Borama (halaman belum tersedia)">Borama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Buryat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Buryat (halaman belum tersedia)">Buryat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Caria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Caria (halaman belum tersedia)">Caria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coelbren_y_Beirdd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coelbren y Beirdd (halaman belum tersedia)">Coelbren</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Coorgi%E2%80%93Cox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Coorgi–Cox (halaman belum tersedia)">Coorgi–Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Deseret" title="Alfabet Deseret">Deseret</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Elbasan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Elbasan (halaman belum tersedia)">Elbasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Etruria" title="Alfabet Etruria">Etruria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Evenki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Evenki (halaman belum tersedia)">Evenki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Fox#Aksara" title="Bahasa Fox">Fox II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Georgia" title="Alfabet Georgia">Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asomtavruli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asomtavruli (halaman belum tersedia)">Asomtavruli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mkhedruli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mkhedruli (halaman belum tersedia)">Mkhedruli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuskhuri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuskhuri (halaman belum tersedia)">Nuskhuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Glagol" title="Alfabet Glagol">Glagol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Gotik" title="Alfabet Gotik">Gotik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Greko-Iberia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Greko-Iberia (halaman belum tersedia)">Greko-Iberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangeul" title="Hangeul">Hangeul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Hungaria_Kuno" title="Alfabet Hungaria Kuno">Hungaria Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetis_Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Fonetis Internasional">IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Italik_Kuno" title="Alfabet Italik Kuno">Italik Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Jenticha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Jenticha (halaman belum tersedia)">Jenticha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Kaddare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Kaddare (halaman belum tersedia)">Kaddare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Kayah_Li&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Kayah Li (halaman belum tersedia)">Kayah Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Kiril" title="Alfabet Kiril">Kiril</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Kiril_Awal" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Kiril Awal">Kiril Awal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Klingon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Klingon (halaman belum tersedia)">Klingon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Komi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Komi (halaman belum tersedia)">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Koptik" title="Alfabet Koptik">Koptik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Latin" title="Alfabet Latin">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Lisu_Tua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Lisu Tua (halaman belum tersedia)">Lisu Tua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Luo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Luo (halaman belum tersedia)">Luo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Lyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Lyd (halaman belum tersedia)">Lyd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Lyk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Lyk (halaman belum tersedia)">Lyk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Manchu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Manchu (halaman belum tersedia)">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Manda" title="Alfabet Manda">Manda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medefaidrin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medefaidrin (halaman belum tersedia)">Medefaidrin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Mongolia (halaman belum tersedia)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Mru#Aksara" title="Bahasa Mru">Mru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-Tifinagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-Tifinagh (halaman belum tersedia)">Neo-Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_N%27Ko" title="Aksara N'Ko">N'Ko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Ogham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Ogham (halaman belum tersedia)">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Ol_Chiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Ol Chiki (halaman belum tersedia)">Ol Chiki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Osage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Osage (halaman belum tersedia)">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Osmanya" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Osmanya">Osmanya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Pau_Cin_Hau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Pau Cin Hau (halaman belum tersedia)">Pau Cin Hau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Perm_Kuno" title="Alfabet Perm Kuno">Perm Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Rohingya_Hanif" title="Aksara Rohingya Hanif">Rohingya Hanif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Rune" title="Alfabet Rune">Rune</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Side&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Side (halaman belum tersedia)">Side</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Somalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Somalia (halaman belum tersedia)">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Sorang_Sompeng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Sorang Sompeng (halaman belum tersedia)">Sorang Sompeng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Cross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Cross (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Duploy%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Duployé (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Duployé</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Gabelsberger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Gabelsberger (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Gabelsberger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steno_Gregg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steno Gregg (halaman belum tersedia)">Steno Gregg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Syaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Syaw (halaman belum tersedia)">Syaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Todo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Todo (halaman belum tersedia)">Todo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Tolong_Siki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Tolong Siki (halaman belum tersedia)">Tolong Siki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Turki_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Turki Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Orkhon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Uighur_Kuno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Uighur Kuno (halaman belum tersedia)">Uighur Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Visible_Speech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visible Speech (halaman belum tersedia)">Visible Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Vithkuqi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Vithkuqi (halaman belum tersedia)">Vithkuqi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Wancho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Wancho (halaman belum tersedia)">Wancho</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warang_Citi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warang Citi (halaman belum tersedia)">Warang Citi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Yunani" title="Alfabet Yunani">Yunani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Zaghawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Zaghawa (halaman belum tersedia)">Zaghawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Non-linear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabet_Moon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabet Moon (halaman belum tersedia)">Alfabet Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendera_sinyal_maritim_international" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendera sinyal maritim international">Bendera maritim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kode_telegraf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kode telegraf (halaman belum tersedia)">Kode telegraf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Point&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Point (halaman belum tersedia)">New York Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semafor_bendera" title="Semafor bendera">Semafor bendera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Ideogram_dan_piktogram" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ideogram" title="Ideogram">Ideogram</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Piktogram" title="Piktogram">piktogram</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol_Adinkra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol Adinkra (halaman belum tersedia)">Adinkra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulisan_Aztek" title="Tulisan Aztek">Aztek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol_Bliss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol Bliss (halaman belum tersedia)">Simbol Bliss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simbol_Dongba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simbol Dongba (halaman belum tersedia)">Dongba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Ersu_Shaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Ersu Shaba (halaman belum tersedia)">Ersu Shaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">Emoji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IConji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IConji (halaman belum tersedia)">IConji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isotype_(piktogram)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isotype (piktogram) (halaman belum tersedia)">Isotype</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Kaid%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Kaidā (halaman belum tersedia)">Kaidā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mi%27kmaq" title="Hieroglif Mi'kmaq">Míkmaq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mixtec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mixtec (halaman belum tersedia)">Mixtec</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nsibidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nsibidi (halaman belum tersedia)">Nsibidi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hieroglif_Ojibwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hieroglif Ojibwe (halaman belum tersedia)">Hieroglif Ojibwe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siglas_poveiras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siglas poveiras (halaman belum tersedia)">Siglas poveiras</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Testerian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Testerian (halaman belum tersedia)">Testerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerkish" title="Yerkish">Yerkish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Zapotec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Zapotec (halaman belum tersedia)">Zapotec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Logogram" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">Logogram</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumpun_aksara_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumpun aksara Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Tionghoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Han" title="Aksara Han">Aksara Han</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Han_sederhana" title="Aksara Han sederhana">Sederhana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Han_tradisional" title="Aksara Han tradisional">Rumit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_tulang_ramalan" title="Aksara tulang ramalan">Tulang Ramalan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Perunggu_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Perunggu Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Perunggu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_segel" title="Aksara segel">Segel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Idu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Idu (halaman belum tersedia)">Idu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%AF_N%C3%B4m" title="Chữ Nôm">Chữ Nôm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sawndip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sawndip (halaman belum tersedia)">Zhuang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Dipengaruhi Tionghoa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Jurchen" title="Aksara Jurchen">Jurchen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_besar_Khitan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara besar Khitan (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara besar Khitan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Sui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Sui (halaman belum tersedia)">Sui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tangut" title="Aksara Tangut">Tangut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Logosilabis lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Anatolia" title="Hieroglif Anatolia">Anatolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bagam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bagam (halaman belum tersedia)">Bagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Kreta" title="Hieroglif Kreta">Kreta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Epi-Olmek" title="Aksara Epi-Olmek">Epi-Olmek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Maya" title="Aksara Maya">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Proto-Elam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Proto-Elam (halaman belum tersedia)">Proto-Elam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Yi#Abjad_Yi_Kuno" title="Aksara Yi">Yi (Kuno)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Logokonsonan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Demotik" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Demotik">Demotik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Hieratik" title="Aksara Hieratik">Hieratik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieroglif_Mesir" title="Hieroglif Mesir">Hieroglif Mesir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Sistem bilangan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_bilangan_Hindu-Arab" title="Sistem bilangan Hindu-Arab">Hindu-Arab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angka_Arab" title="Angka Arab">Arab Barat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angka_Arab_timur" title="Angka Arab timur">Arab Timur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angka_Hindu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angka Hindu (halaman belum tersedia)">Angka Hindu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_bilangan_abjad" title="Sistem bilangan abjad">Abjad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angka_Loteng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angka Loteng (halaman belum tersedia)">Loteng (Yunani)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angka_Muiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angka Muiska (halaman belum tersedia)">Muiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angka_Romawi" title="Angka Romawi">Romawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Semisilabis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_semisilabis" title="Aksara semisilabis">Semisilabis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Penuh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Keltiberia" title="Aksara Keltiberia">Keltiberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Iberia_Timur_Laut" title="Aksara Iberia Timur Laut">Iberia Timur Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Iberia_Tenggara" title="Aksara Iberia Tenggara">Iberia Tenggara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Khom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Khom (halaman belum tersedia)">Khom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Pengulangan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Espanca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Espanca (halaman belum tersedia)">Espanca</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pahawh_Hmong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pahawh Hmong (halaman belum tersedia)">Pahawh Hmong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_kecil_Khitan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara kecil Khitan (halaman belum tersedia)">Aksara kecil Khitan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Hispania_Kuno_Barat_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Hispania Kuno Barat Daya (halaman belum tersedia)">Hispania Kuno Barat Daya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Zhuyin fuhao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Isyarat" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_isyarat" title="Bahasa isyarat">Isyarat</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASLwrite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ASLwrite (halaman belum tersedia)">ASLwrite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SignWriting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SignWriting (halaman belum tersedia)">SignWriting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Si5s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Si5s (halaman belum tersedia)">si5s</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Notasi_Stokoe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notasi Stokoe (halaman belum tersedia)">Notasi Stokoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Silabis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Aksara_silabis" title="Aksara silabis">Silabis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Afaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Afaka (halaman belum tersedia)">Afaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Bamum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bamum (halaman belum tersedia)">Bamum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_B%C3%A9t%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Bété (halaman belum tersedia)">Bété</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Byblos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Byblos (halaman belum tersedia)">Byblos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Aborigin_Kanada" title="Aksara Aborigin Kanada">Aborigin Kanada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Cherokee" title="Aksara Cherokee">Cherokee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Siprus" title="Aksara Siprus">Siprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Sipro-Minoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Sipro-Minoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Sipro-Minoa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ditema_tsa_Dinoko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ditema tsa Dinoko (halaman belum tersedia)">Ditema tsa Dinoko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Eskayan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Eskayan (halaman belum tersedia)">Eskayan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Geba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Geba (halaman belum tersedia)">Geba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Danau_Algonquin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Danau Algonquin (halaman belum tersedia)">Danau Algonquin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Iban&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Iban (halaman belum tersedia)">Iban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Idu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Idu (halaman belum tersedia)">Idu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kana" class="mw-redirect" title="Kana">Jepang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dgana" title="Man'yōgana">Man'yōgana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentaigana" title="Hentaigana">Hentaigana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sogana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sogana (halaman belum tersedia)">Sogana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jindai_moji" title="Jindai moji">Jindai moji</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Mende&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Mende (halaman belum tersedia)">Kikakui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Kpelle" title="Aksara Kpelle">Kpelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_B" title="Linear B">Linear B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linear_Elamite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linear Elamite (halaman belum tersedia)">Linear Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Lisu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Lisu (halaman belum tersedia)">Lisu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Loma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Loma (halaman belum tersedia)">Loma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_N%C3%BCshu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nüshu (halaman belum tersedia)">Nüshu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Nwagu_Aneke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Nwagu Aneke (halaman belum tersedia)">Nwagu Aneke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_paku_Persia_Kuno" title="Aksara paku Persia Kuno">Persia Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_paku" title="Aksara paku">Sumeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Vai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Vai (halaman belum tersedia)">Vai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Woleai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Woleai (halaman belum tersedia)">Woleai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksara_Yi#Abjad_Yi_Baku" title="Aksara Yi">Yi (Baku)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aksara_Yugtun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aksara Yugtun (halaman belum tersedia)">Yugtun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Braille" title="Templat:Braille"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Braille (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Braille&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Braille_⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a><span style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> </span>⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille cell</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1829_braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1829 braille (halaman belum tersedia)">1829 braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=International_uniformity_of_braille_alphabets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International uniformity of braille alphabets (halaman belum tersedia)">International uniformity</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_ASCII&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille ASCII (halaman belum tersedia)">ASCII braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_Patterns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille Patterns (halaman belum tersedia)">Unicode braille patterns</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Braille scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:French-ordered_braille_alphabets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:French-ordered braille alphabets (halaman belum tersedia)">French-ordered</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Afrika_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Afrika Selatan (halaman belum tersedia)">Afrika Selatan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Albania (halaman belum tersedia)">Albania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Azeri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Azeri (halaman belum tersedia)">Azerbaijan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Belanda" title="Braille bahasa Belanda">Belanda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Ceska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Ceska (halaman belum tersedia)">Ceska</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Esperanto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Esperanto (halaman belum tersedia)">Esperanto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Ghana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Ghana (halaman belum tersedia)">Ghana</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Guarani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Guarani (halaman belum tersedia)">Guarani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Filipino" title="Braille bahasa Filipino">Filipino</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Hawaii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Hawaii (halaman belum tersedia)">Hawaii</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Hungaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Hungaria (halaman belum tersedia)">Hungaria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Inggris" title="Braille bahasa Inggris">Inggris</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Inggris_Tunggal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Inggris Tunggal (halaman belum tersedia)">Inggris Tunggal</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_I%C3%B1upiaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Iñupiaq (halaman belum tersedia)">Iñupiaq</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_IPA" title="Braille IPA">IPA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Irlandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Irlandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Irlandia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Italia" title="Braille bahasa Italia">Italia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Jerman" title="Braille bahasa Jerman">Jerman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kanton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kanton (halaman belum tersedia)">Kanton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Katalan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Katalan (halaman belum tersedia)">Katalan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Latvia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Latvia (halaman belum tersedia)">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Lituania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Lituania (halaman belum tersedia)">Lituania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Luksemburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Luksemburg (halaman belum tersedia)">Luksemburg</a> (diperluas menjadi 8 dot)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Malta (halaman belum tersedia)">Malta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_M%C4%81ori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Māori (halaman belum tersedia)">Māori</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Navajo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Navajo (halaman belum tersedia)">Navajo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Nigeria_braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Nigeria braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Nigeria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Polandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Polandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Polandia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Portugis" title="Braille bahasa Portugis">Portugis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Prancis" title="Braille bahasa Prancis">Prancis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Romania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Romania (halaman belum tersedia)">Romania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Samoa" title="Braille bahasa Samoa">Samoa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Slowakia" title="Braille bahasa Slowakia">Slowakia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Spanyol" title="Braille bahasa Spanyol">Spanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Taiwan (halaman belum tersedia)">Mandarin Taiwan</a> (sebagian besar disusun ulang)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Tionghoa_daratan" title="Braille bahasa Tionghoa daratan">Tiongoha daratan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Turki" title="Braille bahasa Turki">Turki</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Vietnam (halaman belum tersedia)">Vietnam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Wales (halaman belum tersedia)">Wales</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Yugoslavia (halaman belum tersedia)">Yugoslavia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Zambia (halaman belum tersedia)">Zambia</a></span></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keluarga Nordik</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Estonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Estonia (halaman belum tersedia)">Estonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Faroe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Faroe (halaman belum tersedia)">Faroe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Islandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Islandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Islandia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Sami_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Sami Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Sami Utara</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Skandinavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Skandinavia (halaman belum tersedia)">Skandinavia</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Denmark</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Finlandia</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Greenland</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Norwegia</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Swedia</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyrillic_alphabets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyrillic alphabets (halaman belum tersedia)">Cyrillic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Belarusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Belarusia (halaman belum tersedia)">Belarusia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Bulgaria (halaman belum tersedia)">Bulgaria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kazakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kazakh (halaman belum tersedia)">Kazakh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kyrgyz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kyrgyz (halaman belum tersedia)">Kyrgyz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Mongolia (halaman belum tersedia)">Mongolia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Rusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Rusia (halaman belum tersedia)">Rusia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Tatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Tatar (halaman belum tersedia)">Tatar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Ukraina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Ukraina (halaman belum tersedia)">Ukraina</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Egyptian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic script (halaman belum tersedia)">Arabic</a>-mediated scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Arab" title="Braille bahasa Arab">Arab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Persia" title="Braille bahasa Persia">Persia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Urdu" title="Braille bahasa Urdu">Urdu</a> (Pakistan)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian lineage family<br />i.e. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bharati_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bharati Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Bharati Braille</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Devanagari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Devanagari (halaman belum tersedia)">Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Bengali" title="Braille bahasa Bengali">Bengali (Bangla / Assam)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Gujarat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Gujarat (halaman belum tersedia)">Gujarat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kannada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kannada (halaman belum tersedia)">Kannada</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Malayalam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Malayalam (halaman belum tersedia)">Malayalam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Odia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Odia (halaman belum tersedia)">Odia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Punjab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Punjab (halaman belum tersedia)">Punjab</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Sinhala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Sinhala (halaman belum tersedia)">Sinhala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Tamil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Tamil (halaman belum tersedia)">Tamil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Telugu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Telugu (halaman belum tersedia)">Telugu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Urdu" title="Braille bahasa Urdu">Urdu</a> (India)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge%27ez_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge'ez Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Amharic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Armenia (halaman belum tersedia)">Armenia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Burma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Burma (halaman belum tersedia)">Burma</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kamboja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kamboja (halaman belum tersedia)">Kamboja</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Dzongkha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Dzongkha (halaman belum tersedia)">Dzongkha</a> (bahasa Bhutan)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Georgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Georgia (halaman belum tersedia)">Georgia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Yunani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Yunani (halaman belum tersedia)">Yunani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Ibrani" title="Braille bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Inuktitut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Inuktitut (halaman belum tersedia)">Inuktitut</a> (reassigned vowels)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Thai_dan_Lao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Thai dan Lao (halaman belum tersedia)">Thai dan Lao</a> (Japanese vowels)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Tibet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Tibet (halaman belum tersedia)">Tibet</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reordered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Algeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Algeria (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille bahasa Algeria</a> (obsolete)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Frequency-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Amerika (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille bahasa Amerika</a> (obsolete)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">Chinese semi-syllabaries</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Kanton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Kanton (halaman belum tersedia)">Kanton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Tionghoa_daratan" title="Braille bahasa Tionghoa daratan">Mandarin Tionghoa daratan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Taiwan (halaman belum tersedia)">Mandarin Taiwan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Two-cell_Chinese_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Two-cell Chinese Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Jepang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Jepang (halaman belum tersedia)">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_bahasa_Korea" title="Braille bahasa Korea">Korea</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eight-dot</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_bahasa_Luksemburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille bahasa Luksemburg (halaman belum tersedia)">Luksemburg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Braille_kanji" title="Braille kanji">Kanji</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes (halaman belum tersedia)">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (GS8)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols in braille</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille music (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille music</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canadian_currency_tactile_feature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canadian currency tactile feature (halaman belum tersedia)">Canadian currency marks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_Braille_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Computer Braille Code (halaman belum tersedia)">Computer Braille Code</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gardner%E2%80%93Salinas_braille_codes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gardner–Salinas braille codes (halaman belum tersedia)">Gardner–Salinas braille codes</a> (science; GS8/GS6)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IPA_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPA Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nemeth_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nemeth Braille (halaman belum tersedia)">Nemeth braille code</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille technology (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_e-book&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille e-book (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille e-book</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_embosser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille embosser (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille embosser</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_translator&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille translator (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille translator</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_watch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille watch (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille watch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mountbatten_Brailler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mountbatten Brailler (halaman belum tersedia)">Mountbatten Brailler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optical_braille_recognition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Optical braille recognition (halaman belum tersedia)">Optical braille recognition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perforation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perforation (halaman belum tersedia)">Perforation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perkins_Brailler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perkins Brailler (halaman belum tersedia)">Perkins Brailler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Refreshable_braille_display&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Refreshable braille display (halaman belum tersedia)">Refreshable braille display</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slate_and_stylus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slate and stylus (halaman belum tersedia)">Slate and stylus</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braigo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braigo (halaman belum tersedia)">Braigo</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Braille" title="Louis Braille">Louis Braille</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Barbier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Barbier (halaman belum tersedia)">Charles Barbier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_Ha%C3%BCy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valentin Haüy (halaman belum tersedia)">Valentin Haüy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thakur_Vishva_Narain_Singh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thakur Vishva Narain Singh (halaman belum tersedia)">Thakur Vishva Narain Singh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabriye_Tenberken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabriye Tenberken (halaman belum tersedia)">Sabriye Tenberken</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Bell_Wait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Bell Wait (halaman belum tersedia)">William Bell Wait</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_Institute_of_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille Institute of America (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille Institute of America</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_Without_Borders&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille Without Borders (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille Without Borders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan_Braille_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan Braille Library (halaman belum tersedia)">Japan Braille Library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Braille_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Braille Association (halaman belum tersedia)">National Braille Association</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Blindness_organizations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Blindness organizations (halaman belum tersedia)">Blindness organizations</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Schools_for_the_blind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Schools for the blind (halaman belum tersedia)">Schools for the blind</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Printing_House_for_the_Blind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Printing House for the Blind (halaman belum tersedia)">American Printing House for the Blind</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tactile_alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tactile alphabet (halaman belum tersedia)">tactile alphabets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Decapoint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decapoint (halaman belum tersedia)">Decapoint</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moon_type&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moon type (halaman belum tersedia)">Moon type</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Point&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New York Point (halaman belum tersedia)">New York Point</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Night_writing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Night writing (halaman belum tersedia)">Night writing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vibratese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vibratese (halaman belum tersedia)">Vibratese</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Accessible_publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Accessible publishing (halaman belum tersedia)">Accessible publishing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Braille_literacy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Braille literacy (halaman belum tersedia)">Braille literacy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=RoboBraille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RoboBraille (halaman belum tersedia)">RoboBraille</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Electronic_writing" title="Templat:Electronic writing"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Electronic_writing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Electronic writing (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Electronic_writing&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sistem_tulisan_elektronik" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sistem tulisan elektronik</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emotikon" title="Emotikon">Emotikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emoji" title="Emoji">Emoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaomoji" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaomoji">Kaomoji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IConji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IConji (halaman belum tersedia)">iConji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leet" title="Leet">Leet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode" 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