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href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B8&returnto=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="អ្នកត្រូវបានលើកទឹកចិត្តបង្កើតគណនីនិងកត់ឈ្មោះចូល។ ប៉ុន្តែនេះមិនមែនជាការបង្ខំទេ។" class=""><span>បង្កើតគណនី</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%88%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%84%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B&returnto=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="អ្នកត្រូវបានលើកទឹកចិត្តឱ្យកត់ឈ្មោះចូល។ ប៉ុន្តែនេះមិនមែនជាការបង្ខំទេ។ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>កត់ឈ្មោះចូល</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ជម្រើសផ្សេងទៀត" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ឧបករណ៍ផ្ទាល់ខ្លួន" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ឧបករណ៍ផ្ទាល់ខ្លួន</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="បញ្ជីសម្រាប់អ្នកប្រើប្រាស់" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=km"><span>បរិច្ចាគ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B8&returnto=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="អ្នកត្រូវបានលើកទឹកចិត្តបង្កើតគណនីនិងកត់ឈ្មោះចូល។ ប៉ុន្តែនេះមិនមែនជាការបង្ខំទេ។"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>បង្កើតគណនី</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%88%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%84%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B&returnto=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="អ្នកត្រូវបានលើកទឹកចិត្តឱ្យកត់ឈ្មោះចូល។ ប៉ុន្តែនេះមិនមែនជាការបង្ខំទេ។ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>កត់ឈ្មោះចូល</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ទំព័រសម្រាប់អ្នកកែសម្រួលដែលបានកត់ឈ្មោះចេញ <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%87%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%99:Introduction" aria-label="ស្វែងយល់បន្ថែមអំពីការកែសម្រួល"><span>ស្វែងយល់បន្ថែម</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BD%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%89%E1%9E%BB%E1%9F%86" title="បញ្ជីកំណែប្រែធ្វើឡើងពីអាសយដ្ឋាន IP នេះ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ការរួមចំណែក</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%89%E1%9E%BB%E1%9F%86" title="ការពិភាក្សាអំពីកំណែប្រែដែលធ្វើឡើងចេញពីអាសយដ្ឋាន IP នេះ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ការពិភាក្សា</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> 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</div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="មាតិកា" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in ៦៧ languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">៦៧ ភាសា</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%95%E1%88%AC%E1%88%B5%E1%89%A2%E1%89%B4%E1%88%AA%E1%8B%AB%E1%8A%92%E1%88%B5%E1%88%9D" title="ፕሬስቢቴሪያኒስም – អាំហារិក" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፕሬስቢቴሪያኒስም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="អាំហារិក" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مشيخية – អារ៉ាប់" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مشيخية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="អារ៉ាប់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الكنيسه المشيخيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الكنيسه المشيخيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianismu" title="Presbiterianismu – អាស្ទូរី" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Presbiterianismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="អាស្ទូរី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presviterianl%C4%B1q" title="Presviterianlıq – អាស៊ែបៃហ្សង់" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Presviterianlıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="អាស៊ែបៃហ្សង់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Прэсвітарыянства – បេឡារុស" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прэсвітарыянства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="បេឡារុស" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Прэсьбітэрыянства – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прэсьбітэрыянства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Презвитерианство – ប៊ុលហ្ការី" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Презвитерианство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ប៊ុលហ្ការី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianisme" title="Presbiterianisme – កាតាឡាន" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Presbiterianisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="កាតាឡាន" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyteri%C3%A1ni" title="Presbyteriáni – ឆែក" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Presbyteriáni" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ឆែក" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyteriaeth" title="Presbyteriaeth – វេល" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Presbyteriaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="វេល" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianisme" title="Presbyterianisme – ដាណឺម៉ាក" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Presbyterianisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ដាណឺម៉ាក" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianische_Kirchen" title="Presbyterianische Kirchen – អាល្លឺម៉ង់" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Presbyterianische Kirchen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="អាល្លឺម៉ង់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B2%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Πρεσβυτεριανισμός – ក្រិក" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρεσβυτεριανισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ក្រិក" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism – អង់គ្លេស" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Presbyterianism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="អង់គ្លេស" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianismo" title="Presbiterianismo – អេស្ពេរ៉ាន់តូ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Presbiterianismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="អេស្ពេរ៉ាន់តូ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianismo" title="Presbiterianismo – អេស្ប៉ាញ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Presbiterianismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="អេស្ប៉ាញ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presb%C3%BCterlus" title="Presbüterlus – អេស្តូនី" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Presbüterlus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="អេស្តូនី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianismo" title="Presbiterianismo – បាសខ៍" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Presbiterianismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="បាសខ៍" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="پرسبیترینیسم – ភឺសៀន" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرسبیترینیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ភឺសៀន" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyteerinen_kirkko" title="Presbyteerinen kirkko – ហ្វាំងឡង់" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Presbyteerinen kirkko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ហ្វាំងឡង់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyt%C3%A9rianisme" title="Presbytérianisme – បារាំង" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Presbytérianisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="បារាំង" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A8sbit%C3%A8rianismo" title="Prèsbitèrianismo – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Prèsbitèrianismo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianisme" title="Presbyterianisme – ហ្វ្រីស៊ានខាងលិច" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Presbyterianisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ហ្វ្រីស៊ានខាងលិច" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preispit%C3%A9ireachas" title="Preispitéireachas – អៀរឡង់" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Preispitéireachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="អៀរឡង់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%B3ng-l%C3%B3_Kau-fi" title="Chóng-ló Kau-fi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chóng-ló Kau-fi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%91%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="פרסביטריאניזם – ហេប្រឺ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרסביטריאניזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ហេប្រឺ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianizmus" title="Presbiterianizmus – ហុងគ្រី" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Presbiterianizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ហុងគ្រី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Պրեսբիտերականներ – អាមេនី" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրեսբիտերականներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="អាមេនី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianismo" title="Presbyterianismo – អ៊ីនធើលីង" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Presbyterianismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="អ៊ីនធើលីង" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gereja_Presbiterian" title="Gereja Presbiterian – ឥណ្ឌូណេស៊ី" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gereja Presbiterian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ឥណ្ឌូណេស៊ី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterismo" title="Presbiterismo – អ៊ីដូ" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Presbiterismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="អ៊ីដូ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianesimo" title="Presbiterianesimo – អ៊ីតាលី" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Presbiterianesimo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="អ៊ីតាលី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%80%81%E6%B4%BE%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A" title="長老派教会 – ជប៉ុន" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="長老派教会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ជប៉ុន" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="პრესვიტერიანობა – ហ្សកហ្ស៊ី" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პრესვიტერიანობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ហ្សកហ្ស៊ី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EB%A1%9C%EA%B5%90" title="장로교 – កូរ៉េ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="장로교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="កូរ៉េ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianismus" title="Presbyterianismus – ឡាតំាង" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Presbyterianismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ឡាតំាង" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterijonai" title="Presbiterijonai – លីទុយអានី" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Presbiterijonai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="លីទុយអានី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianisma" title="Presbiterianisma – ម៉ាឡាហ្គាស៊ី" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Presbiterianisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ម៉ាឡាហ្គាស៊ី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Презвитеријанство – ម៉ាសេដូនី" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Презвитеријанство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ម៉ាសេដូនី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="प्रेस्बिटेरियन – ម៉ារ៉ាធី" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रेस्बिटेरियन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="ម៉ារ៉ាធី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gereja_Presbiterian" title="Gereja Presbiterian – ម៉ាឡេ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gereja Presbiterian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ម៉ាឡេ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianisme" title="Presbyterianisme – ហូឡង់" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Presbyterianisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ហូឡង់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianisme" title="Presbyterianisme – ន័រវែស នីនូស" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Presbyterianisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ន័រវែស នីនូស" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianisme" title="Presbyterianisme – ន័រវែស បុកម៉ាល់" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Presbyterianisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ន័រវែស បុកម៉ាល់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezbiterianizm" title="Prezbiterianizm – ប៉ូឡូញ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prezbiterianizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ប៉ូឡូញ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianismo" title="Presbiterianismo – ព័រទុយហ្គាល់" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Presbiterianismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ព័រទុយហ្គាល់" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezbiterianism" title="Prezbiterianism – រូម៉ានី" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Prezbiterianism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="រូម៉ានី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Пресвитерианство – រុស្ស៊ី" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пресвитерианство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="រុស្ស៊ី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism – ស្កុត" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Presbyterianism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="ស្កុត" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezbiterijanstvo" title="Prezbiterijanstvo – សឺបូក្រូអាត" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prezbiterijanstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="សឺបូក្រូអាត" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Presbyterianism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianizmus" title="Presbyterianizmus – ស្លូវ៉ាគី" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Presbyterianizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ស្លូវ៉ាគី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezbiterijanstvo" title="Prezbiterijanstvo – ស្លូវ៉ានី" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prezbiterijanstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ស្លូវ៉ានី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Презвитеријанство – ស៊ែប" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Презвитеријанство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ស៊ែប" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism – ស៊ុយអែត" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Presbyterianism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ស៊ុយអែត" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="เพรสไบทีเรียน – ថៃ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เพรสไบทีเรียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ថៃ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianismo" title="Presbiterianismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Presbiterianismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiteryenlik" title="Presbiteryenlik – ទួរគី" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Presbiteryenlik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ទួរគី" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Пресвітеріанство – អ៊ុយក្រែន" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пресвітеріанство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="អ៊ុយក្រែន" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="پریسبیٹیرین کلیسیا – អ៊ូរឌូ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پریسبیٹیرین کلیسیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="អ៊ូរឌូ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A1o_h%E1%BB%99i_Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Fng_l%C3%A3o" title="Giáo hội Trưởng lão – វៀតណាម" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giáo hội Trưởng lão" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="វៀតណាម" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbiterianismo" title="Presbiterianismo – វ៉ារេយ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Presbiterianismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="វ៉ារេយ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E8%80%81%E5%AE%97" title="长老宗 – អ៊ូចិន" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="长老宗" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="អ៊ូចិន" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="პრესვიტერიანობა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პრესვიტერიანობა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%80%81%E5%AE%97" title="長老宗 – ចិន" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="長老宗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ចិន" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%80%81%E6%9C%83" title="長老會 – កន្តាំង" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="長老會" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="កន្តាំង" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178169#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="កែប្រែតំណភ្ជាប់អន្តរភាសា" class="wbc-editpage">កែប្រែតំណភ្ជាប់</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="លំហឈ្មោះ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>២<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ទោះបីជាមានព្រះវិហារកំណែទម្រង់ផ្សេងទៀតដែលមានលក្ខណៈរចនាសម្ព័ន្ធស្រដៀងគ្នាក៏ដោយ ក៏ពាក្យ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ត្រូវបានអនុវត្តចំពោះព្រះវិហារដែលតាមដានឬសគល់របស់ពួកគេទៅកាន់ សាសនាចក្រនៃស្កុតឡែន ឬ ក្រុមប្រឆាំងភាសាអង់គ្លេស ដែលបង្កើតឡើងក្នុងកំឡុង សង្គ្រាមស៊ីវិលអង់គ្លេស ។ <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៣<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ទ្រឹស្ដី ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ជាធម្មតាសង្កត់ធ្ងន់ទៅលើ អធិបតេយ្យភាពរបស់ព្រះ សិទ្ធិអំណាចនៃបទគម្ពីរ និងភាពចាំបាច់នៃ ព្រះគុណ តាមរយៈ ជំនឿ លើព្រះគ្រីស្ទ។ រដ្ឋាភិបាលព្រះវិហារ ត្រូវបានធានានៅក្នុងប្រទេសស្កុតឡែនដោយ Acts of Union ក្នុងឆ្នាំ 1707 <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៤<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ដែលបានបង្កើត ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រអង់គ្លេស ។ តាមពិត ជនជាតិព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ភាគច្រើនដែលរកឃើញនៅក្នុងប្រទេសអង់គ្លេសអាចតាមដានទំនាក់ទំនង ស្កុតឡេន ហើយនិកាយ ក៏ត្រូវបាននាំយកទៅ <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%84" title="អាមេរិកខាងជើង">អាមេរិកខាងជើង</a> ផងដែរ ដែលភាគច្រើនដោយជនអន្តោប្រវេសន៍ ស្កុត និង ស្កុត-អៀរឡង់ ។ និកាយព្រេសប៊ីធេរាននៅប្រទេសស្កុតឡេន ប្រកាន់យក ទ្រឹស្ដីកំណែទម្រង់ របស់ John Calvin និងអ្នកស្នងតំណែងភ្លាមៗរបស់គាត់ ទោះបីជាមានទស្សនៈទ្រឹស្ដីជាច្រើននៅក្នុង ព្រេសប៊ីធេរានសហសម័យក៏ដោយ។ ក្រុមជំនុំក្នុងតំបន់នៃក្រុមជំនុំដែលប្រើ គោលការណ៍ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ត្រូវបានគ្រប់គ្រងដោយ វគ្គ ដែលបង្កើតឡើងដោយអ្នកតំណាងនៃក្រុមជំនុំ ( អ្នកចាស់ទុំ ) ដែលជាវិធី សាស្រ្តផ្សះផ្សា ដូចទៅនឹងកម្រិតផ្សេងទៀតនៃការសម្រេចចិត្ត ( presbytery, synod និង សភាទូទៅ )។ មានប្រហែល ៧៥ នាក់។ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន រាប់លាននាក់នៅលើពិភពលោក។ <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៥<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ឫសគល់នៃលទ្ធិ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ស្ថិតនៅក្នុង កំណែទម្រង់ នៃសតវត្សទី 16 ដែលជាឧទាហរណ៍នៃ សាធារណរដ្ឋ John Calvin នៃទីក្រុងហ្សឺណែវ ដែលមានឥទ្ធិពលជាពិសេស។ ព្រះវិហារដែលត្រូវបានកែទម្រង់ភាគច្រើនដែលតាមដានប្រវត្តិសាស្រ្តរបស់ពួកគេត្រឡប់ទៅប្រទេសស្កុតឡេនវិញគឺជាក្រុម ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ឬ congregationalist នៅក្នុងរដ្ឋាភិបាល។ នៅសតវត្សរ៍ទី 20 អ្នកប្រេសប៊ីធើរៀនខ្លះបានដើរតួយ៉ាងសំខាន់ក្នុង ចលនា ecumenical រួមទាំង ក្រុមប្រឹក្សាពិភពលោកនៃព្រះវិហារ ។ និកាយ Presbyterian ជាច្រើនបានរកឃើញវិធីនៃការធ្វើការរួមគ្នាជាមួយនិកាយដែលត្រូវបានកែទម្រង់ផ្សេងទៀត និងគ្រិស្តបរិស័ទនៃទំនៀមទំលាប់ផ្សេងទៀត ជាពិសេសនៅក្នុង ការរួបរួមពិភពលោកនៃសាសនាចក្រដែលបានកែទម្រង់ ។ ព្រះវិហារ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន មួយចំនួនបានចូល រួបរួម ជាមួយនឹងក្រុមជំនុំផ្សេងទៀត ដូចជា Congregationalists, Lutherans, Anglicans និង Methodists ។ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន នៅសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិកភាគច្រើនមកពី ជនអន្តោប្រវេសន៍ ស្កុតឡេ ន ស្កុត-អៀរឡង់ និងក៏មកពីសហគមន៍ New England ដែលដើមឡើយជា Congregational ប៉ុន្តែបានផ្លាស់ប្តូរដោយសារតែការព្រមព្រៀងគ្នាលើ ផែនការនៃសហភាព 1801 សម្រាប់តំបន់ព្រំដែន។ <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៦<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="អត្តសញ្ញាណ_ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន"><span id=".E1.9E.A2.E1.9E.8F.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.8F.E1.9E.9F.E1.9E.89.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.89.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.8E_.E1.9E.96.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.9A.E1.9F.81.E1.9E.9F.E1.9E.94.E1.9F.8A.E1.9E.B8.E1.9E.92.E1.9F.81.E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.93"></span>អត្តសញ្ញាណ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=1" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ អត្តសញ្ញាណ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%AF%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A:Iona_Abbey,_Entrance_and_St_John%27s_Cross._-_geograph.org.uk_-_113441.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Iona_Abbey%2C_Entrance_and_St_John%27s_Cross._-_geograph.org.uk_-_113441.jpg/220px-Iona_Abbey%2C_Entrance_and_St_John%27s_Cross._-_geograph.org.uk_-_113441.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Iona_Abbey%2C_Entrance_and_St_John%27s_Cross._-_geograph.org.uk_-_113441.jpg/330px-Iona_Abbey%2C_Entrance_and_St_John%27s_Cross._-_geograph.org.uk_-_113441.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Iona_Abbey%2C_Entrance_and_St_John%27s_Cross._-_geograph.org.uk_-_113441.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="631" /></a><figcaption> Iona Abbey នៅប្រទេសស្កុតឡែន ត្រូវបានបង្កើតឡើងដោយ Saint Columba</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រដើម"><span id=".E1.9E.94.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.9C.E1.9E.8F.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.8F.E1.9E.B7.E1.9E.9F.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.9F.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.8F.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.8A.E1.9E.BE.E1.9E.98"></span>ប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រដើម</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=2" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ ប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រដើម"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ទំនៀមទំលាប់ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ជាពិសេស សាសនាចក្រនៃស្កុតលែន តាមដានឫសគល់ដំបូងរបស់វាចំពោះវិហារគ្រឹស្តដែលបង្កើតឡើងដោយ Saint Columba តាមរយៈ បេសកកម្ម Hiberno-Scottish សតវត្សទី 6 ។ <sup id="cite_ref-Atkins2016_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atkins2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-TaylorAnderson1852_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TaylorAnderson1852-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៨<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Bradley2013_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradley2013-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៩<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ការតាមដានប្រភពដើមនៃសាវករបស់ពួកគេទៅកាន់ លោក Saint John, <sup id="cite_ref-DickensLewis1920_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DickensLewis1920-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១០<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Thomson1896_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomson1896-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១១<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Culdees បានអនុវត្ត សាសនាគ្រិស្តសាសនា ដែលជាលក្ខណៈសំខាន់នៃ សាសនាគ្រឹស្ត Celtic នៅក្នុងតំបន់ ដោយមាន ព្រឹទ្ធាចារ្យ អនុវត្ត "សិទ្ធិអំណាចនៅក្នុងស្ថាប័ន ខណៈពេលដែលស្ថាប័នវត្តអារាមផ្សេងគ្នាគឺឯករាជ្យពីគ្នាទៅវិញទៅមក។ " <sup id="cite_ref-Mackay1902_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mackay1902-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១២<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Atkins2016_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atkins2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>៧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-HannrachainArmstrong2014_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HannrachainArmstrong2014-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៣<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> សាសនាចក្រនៅប្រទេសស្កុតលែនបានរក្សាពិធីបុណ្យគ្រិស្តសាសនានៃបុណ្យអ៊ីស្ទើរនៅកាលបរិច្ឆេទខុសពី ការមើលឃើញនៃទីក្រុងរ៉ូម ហើយព្រះសង្ឃបានប្រើរចនាប័ទ្មតែមួយគត់នៃ ការតុបតែង ។ <sup id="cite_ref-Rankin1884_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankin1884-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៤<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ Synod of Whitby ក្នុងឆ្នាំ 664 បានបញ្ចប់ភាពខុសគ្នាទាំងនេះ ដូចដែលវាបានកំណត់ថា "បុណ្យ Easter នឹងត្រូវបានប្រារព្ធស្របតាមកាលបរិច្ឆេទរ៉ូម៉ាំង មិនមែនជាកាលបរិច្ឆេទ Celtic" ។ <sup id="cite_ref-Skinner1999_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Skinner1999-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៥<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ទោះបីឥទ្ធិពលរ៉ូម៉ាំងបានចូលមកគ្រប់គ្រងសាសនាចក្រនៅស្កុតឡែនក៏ដោយ <sup id="cite_ref-Skinner1999_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Skinner1999-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៥<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ឥទ្ធិពល Celtic មួយចំនួននៅតែមាននៅក្នុងសាសនាចក្រស្កុតឡេន <sup id="cite_ref-Eggins2015_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eggins2015-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៦<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ដូចជា "ការច្រៀង ទំនុកតម្កើងម៉ែត្រ ភាគច្រើននៃពួកគេកំណត់ទៅគ្រិស្តសាសនាគ្រិស្តចាស់ ស្កុតឡេន ប្រពៃណី និងប្រជាប្រិយ។ បទភ្លេង" ដែលក្រោយមកបានក្លាយទៅជា "ផ្នែកដាច់ដោយឡែកនៃការថ្វាយបង្គំ Scottish ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន" ។ <sup id="cite_ref-Bowden2005_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bowden2005-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៧<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៨<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍"><span id=".E1.9E.80.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.A2.E1.9E.97.E1.9E.B7.E1.9E.9C.E1.9E.8C.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.8D.E1.9E.93.E1.9F.8D"></span>ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=3" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ ការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%AF%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A:John_Knox_woodcut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Knox_woodcut.jpg/220px-John_Knox_woodcut.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Knox_woodcut.jpg/330px-John_Knox_woodcut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/John_Knox_woodcut.jpg/440px-John_Knox_woodcut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1859" data-file-height="2199" /></a><figcaption> លោក John Knox</figcaption></figure> <p>ប្រវតិ្តសាស្រ្ត ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន គឺជាផ្នែកមួយនៃ ប្រវត្តិសាស្រ្តនៃសាសនាគ្រិស្ត ប៉ុន្តែការចាប់ផ្តើមនៃ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ជាចលនាខុសគ្នាមួយបានកើតឡើងកំឡុងសតវត្សទី 16 កំណែទម្រង់ប្រូតេស្តង់ ។ នៅពេលដែល <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%8D%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80" title="ព្រះសហគមន៍កាតូលិក">ព្រះវិហារកាតូលិក</a> បានទប់ទល់នឹងអ្នកកែទម្រង់ ចលនាទ្រឹស្ដីផ្សេងៗគ្នាជាច្រើនបានបំបែកចេញពីសាសនាចក្រ និងបង្កើតនិកាយផ្សេងៗ។ </p><p>ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ត្រូវបានជះឥទ្ធិពលជាពិសេសដោយអ្នកទ្រឹស្ដីជនជាតិបារាំង លោក John Calvin ដែលត្រូវបានទទួលស្គាល់ជាមួយនឹងការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍នៃ ទ្រឹស្ដីកំណែទម្រង់ និងការងាររបស់ John Knox ដែលជាបូជាចារ្យកាតូលិកស្កុតឡេន ដែលបានសិក្សាជាមួយ Calvin នៅទីក្រុងហ្សឺណែវ ហើយបាននាំយកការបង្រៀនដែលបានកែទម្រង់ទៅប្រទេសស្កុតឡេន។ ឥទ្ធិពលដ៏សំខាន់លើការបង្កើតលទ្ធិ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ក្នុងប្រទេសអង់គ្លេសក៏បានមកពី John a Lasco ដែលជាអ្នកកែទម្រង់ជនជាតិប៉ូឡូញ ស្ថាបនិក សាសនាចក្រ Stranger ក្នុងទីក្រុងឡុងដ៍ ដោយផ្អែកលើគំរូទីក្រុងហ្សឺណែវ។ <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>១៩<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ព្រះវិហារ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន តាមដានពូជពង្សរបស់វាត្រលប់ទៅប្រទេសស្កុតឡែន។ នៅខែសីហាឆ្នាំ 1560 សភានៃប្រទេសស្កុតឡេន បានអនុម័ត <i>ការសារភាពស្កុតឡេន</i> ជាគោលលទ្ធិនៃព្រះរាជាណាចក្រស្កុតឡេន។ នៅខែធ្នូ ឆ្នាំ 1560 <i>សៀវភៅវិន័យទីមួយ</i> ត្រូវបានបោះពុម្ព ដោយរៀបរាប់អំពីបញ្ហាគោលលទ្ធិសំខាន់ៗ ប៉ុន្តែក៏បង្កើតបទប្បញ្ញត្តិសម្រាប់រដ្ឋាភិបាលព្រះវិហារ រួមទាំងការបង្កើតស្រុកសាសនាចំនួនដប់ជាមួយនាយកដែលត្រូវបានតែងតាំង ដែលក្រោយមកត្រូវបានគេស្គាល់ថាជា គណៈប្រធាន ។ <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>២០<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>យូរៗទៅ ការសារភាពរបស់ជនជាតិស្កុត នឹងត្រូវបានជំនួសដោយ Westminster Confession of Faith ហើយការបង្រៀនសាសនា ធំ និង ខ្លីជាង ដែលត្រូវបានបង្កើតឡើងដោយ សភា Westminster នៅចន្លោះឆ្នាំ 1643 និង 1649។ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="លក្ខណៈ"><span id=".E1.9E.9B.E1.9E.80.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.81.E1.9E.8E.E1.9F.88"></span>លក្ខណៈ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=4" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ លក្ខណៈ"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន បែងចែកខ្លួនឯងពីនិកាយផ្សេងទៀតតាម គោលលទ្ធិ អង្គការស្ថាប័ន (ឬ "លំដាប់ព្រះវិហារ") និង ការថ្វាយបង្គំ ដែលជារឿយៗប្រើ "សៀវភៅលំដាប់" ដើម្បីគ្រប់គ្រងការអនុវត្តទូទៅ និងសណ្តាប់ធ្នាប់។ ដើមកំណើតនៃព្រះវិហារ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន គឺនៅក្នុង Calvinism ។ សាខាជាច្រើននៃ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន គឺជាសំណល់នៃការបំបែកពីមុនពីក្រុមធំ។ ការបែកបាក់ខ្លះបានមកពីភាពចម្រូងចម្រាសខាងគោលលទ្ធិ ខណៈដែលខ្លះត្រូវបានបង្កឡើងដោយការខ្វែងគំនិតគ្នាទាក់ទងនឹងកម្រិតដែលអ្នកដែលត្រូវបានតែងតាំងជាការិយាល័យព្រះវិហារគួរតែត្រូវបានតម្រូវឱ្យយល់ព្រមជាមួយ Westminster Confession of Faith ដែលជាប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្របម្រើជាឯកសារសារភាពដ៏សំខាន់មួយ – ទីពីរ មានតែចំពោះព្រះគម្ពីរប៉ុណ្ណោះ ប៉ុន្តែបានដឹកនាំលក្ខណៈពិសេសនៅក្នុងស្តង់ដារ និងការបកប្រែព្រះគម្ពីរ - នៅក្នុងព្រះវិហារ ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន ។ </p><p>ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន បានដាក់សារៈសំខាន់យ៉ាងខ្លាំងទៅលើការអប់រំ និងការរៀនសូត្រពេញមួយជីវិត ដោយមានការខឹងសម្បារជាមួយនឹងជំនឿថា គ្មានសកម្មភាពរបស់មនុស្សណាម្នាក់អាចប៉ះពាល់ដល់ សេចក្ដីសង្រ្គោះ ឡើយ។ </p><p>ការសិក្សាជាបន្តបន្ទាប់នៃបទគម្ពីរ ការសរសេរតាមទ្រឹស្ដី និងការយល់ដឹង និងការបកស្រាយអំពីគោលលទ្ធិនៃសាសនាចក្រ ត្រូវបានបញ្ចូលក្នុងសេចក្ដីថ្លែងការណ៍ជាច្រើននៃសេចក្ដីជំនឿ និង ការបង្រៀនសាសនា ដែលត្រូវបានអនុម័តជាផ្លូវការដោយសាខាផ្សេងៗនៃសាសនាចក្រ ដែលជារឿយៗត្រូវបានគេហៅថាជា " ស្តង់ដាររង " ។ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="រដ្ឋាភិបាល"><span id=".E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.8A.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.8B.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.97.E1.9E.B7.E1.9E.94.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.9B"></span>រដ្ឋាភិបាល</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=5" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ រដ្ឋាភិបាល"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="គោលលទ្ធិ"><span id=".E1.9E.82.E1.9F.84.E1.9E.9B.E1.9E.9B.E1.9E.91.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.92.E1.9E.B7"></span>គោលលទ្ធិ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=6" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ គោលលទ្ធិ"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ការថ្វាយបង្គំនិងសាក្រាម៉ង់"><span id=".E1.9E.80.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.90.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.9C.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.99.E1.9E.94.E1.9E.84.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.82.E1.9F.86.E1.9E.93.E1.9E.B7.E1.9E.84.E1.9E.9F.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.80.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.98.E1.9F.89.E1.9E.84.E1.9F.8B"></span>ការថ្វាយបង្គំនិងសាក្រាម៉ង់</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=7" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ ការថ្វាយបង្គំនិងសាក្រាម៉ង់"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="ថ្វាយបង្គំ"><span id=".E1.9E.90.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.9C.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.99.E1.9E.94.E1.9E.84.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.82.E1.9F.86"></span>ថ្វាយបង្គំ</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=8" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ ថ្វាយបង្គំ"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="សាក្រាម៉ង់"><span id=".E1.9E.9F.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.80.E1.9F.92.E1.9E.9A.E1.9E.B6.E1.9E.98.E1.9F.89.E1.9E.84.E1.9F.8B"></span>សាក្រាម៉ង់</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93&action=edit&section=9" title="កែប្រែផ្នែក៖ សាក្រាម៉ង់"><span>កែប្រែ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r312616">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130618032809/http://www.presbyterianireland.org/about-us/historical-information/burning-bush">"Burning Bush | Presbyterian Church Ireland"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presbyterianireland.org/about-us/historical-information/burning-bush">the original</a> on 18 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Burning+Bush+%26%23124%3B+Presbyterian+Church+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presbyterianireland.org%2Fabout-us%2Fhistorical-information%2Fburning-bush&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fkm.wikipedia.org%3A%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r312616"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ligonier.org/learn/articles/presbyterianism">"What Is Presbyterianism?"</a>. <i>Ligonier Ministries</i> (in American English)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ligonier+Ministries&rft.atitle=What+Is+Presbyterianism%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ligonier.org%2Flearn%2Farticles%2Fpresbyterianism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fkm.wikipedia.org%3A%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Benedict&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Benedict (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">Benedict, Philip</a> (2002). <i>Christ's Churches Purely Reformed: A Social History of Calvinism</i>. New Haven. p. xiv. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-0-300-10507-0" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-0-300-10507-0">978-0-300-10507-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christ%27s+Churches+Purely+Reformed%3A+A+Social+History+of+Calvinism&rft.aulast=Benedict&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.au=Benedict%2C%26%2332%3BPhilip&rft.date=2002&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3Bxiv&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.isbn=978-0-300-10507-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r312616"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/aosp/1707/6">"Protestant Religion and Presbyterian Church Act 1707"</a>. <i>The National Archives</i>. United Kingdom. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190821213324/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/aosp/1707/6">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National+Archives&rft.atitle=Protestant+Religion+and+Presbyterian+Church+Act+1707&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Faosp%2F1707%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fkm.wikipedia.org%3A%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.learnreligions.com/presbyterian-church-denomination-701366">"Who Are Presbyterians and What Do They Believe?"</a> (ជាen). <i>Learn Religions</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.learnreligions.com/presbyterian-church-denomination-701366">https://www.learnreligions.com/presbyterian-church-denomination-701366</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Who+Are+Presbyterians+and+What+Do+They+Believe%3F&rft.jtitle=Learn+Religions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.learnreligions.com%2Fpresbyterian-church-denomination-701366&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Llz6CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA40"><i>The Presbyterian Mission Enterprise: From Heathen to The Partner</i></a>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. 2015. pp. 40–41. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-1-63087-878-8" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-1-63087-878-8">978-1-63087-878-8</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Llz6CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA40">https://books.google.com/books?id=Llz6CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA40</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presbyterian+Mission+Enterprise%3A+From+Heathen+to+The+Partner&rft.date=2015&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B40%E2%80%9341&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.isbn=978-1-63087-878-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLlz6CQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Atkins2016-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Atkins2016_7-0">៧,០</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Atkins2016_7-1">៧,១</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>Making and Remaking Saints in Nineteenth-Century Britain</i>. 1 August 2016. p. 104. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-1-5261-0023-8" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-1-5261-0023-8">978-1-5261-0023-8</a>. "For many Presbyterian evangelicals in Scotland, the 'achievements of the Reformation represented the return to a native or national tradition, the rejection of an alien tyranny that had suppressed ... Scotland's true character as a Presbyterian nation enjoying the benefits of civil and religious liberty'. What they had in mind was the mission established by Columba at Iona and the subsequent spread of Christianity through the Culdees of the seventh to eleventh centuries. For Presbyterian scholars in the nineteenth century, these communities of clergy who differed in organisation and ethos from later monastic orders were further evidence of the similarity between early Christianity in Ireland and Scotland and later Presbyterianism. This interpretation of the character of the Celtic Church was an important aspect of Presbyterian identity in global terms. At the first meeting in 1877 of the Alliance of the Reformed Churches holding the Presbyterian System (later the World Alliance of Reformed Churches), Peter Lorimer (1812–79), a Presbyterian professor in London, noted 'that the early Church of St. Patrick, Columba, and Columbanus, was far more nearly allied in its fundamental principles of order and discipline to the Presbyterian than to the Episcopalian Churches of modern times'."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+and+Remaking+Saints+in+Nineteenth-Century+Britain&rft.date=1+August+2016&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B104&rft.isbn=978-1-5261-0023-8&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TaylorAnderson1852-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-TaylorAnderson1852_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>The Pictorial History of Scotland</i>. 1852. p. 51. "The zealous Presbyterian maintains, that the church established by Columba was formed on a Presbyterian model, and that it recognized the great principle of clerical equality."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pictorial+History+of+Scotland&rft.date=1852&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B51&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradley2013-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bradley2013_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>Columba</i>. 24 July 2013. p. 29. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-1-84952-272-4" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-1-84952-272-4">978-1-84952-272-4</a>. "Columba has found favour with enthusiasts for all things Celtic and with those who have seen him as establishing a proto-Presbyterian church clearly distinguishable from the episcopally governed church favoured by Rome-educated Bishop Ninian."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Columba&rft.date=24+July+2013&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B29&rft.isbn=978-1-84952-272-4&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DickensLewis1920-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DickensLewis1920_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Dickens-Lewis, W.F. (1920). "Apostolicity of Presbyterianism: Ancient Culdeeism and Modern Presbyterianism". <i>The Presbyterian Magazine</i> <b>26</b> (1–7).</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thomson1896-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Thomson1896_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ahistoryscottis00annagoog"><i>A History of the Scottish People from the Earliest Times</i></a>. 1896. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ahistoryscottis00annagoog/page/n181">141</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/ahistoryscottis00annagoog">https://archive.org/details/ahistoryscottis00annagoog</a></span>. "...for the primitive apostolic church which St. John had established in the East and Columba transported to our shores. Thus the days of Culdeeism were numbered, and she was now awaiting the martyrs doom."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Scottish+People+from+the+Earliest+Times&rft.date=1896&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fahistoryscottis00annagoog%2Fpage%2Fn181+141%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fahistoryscottis00annagoog&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mackay1902-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mackay1902_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>The Celtic Monthly</i>. 1902. p. 236.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Celtic+Monthly&rft.date=1902&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B236&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HannrachainArmstrong2014-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-HannrachainArmstrong2014_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>Christianities in the Early Modern Celtic World</i>. 30 July 2014. p. 198. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-1-137-30635-7" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-1-137-30635-7">978-1-137-30635-7</a>. "Presbyterians after 1690 gave yet more play to 'Culdeeism', a reading of the past wherein 'culdees' (derived from céli dé) were presented as upholding a native, collegiate, proto presbyterian church government uncontaminated by bishops."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christianities+in+the+Early+Modern+Celtic+World&rft.date=30+July+2014&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B198&rft.isbn=978-1-137-30635-7&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rankin1884-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Rankin1884_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>The Young Churchman: lessons on the Creed, the Commandments, the means of grace, and the Church</i>. 1884. p. 84. "For seven whole centuries (400–1100 A.D.) there existed in Scotland a genuine Celtic Church, apparently of Greek origin, and in close connection with both Ireland and Wales. In this Celtic Church no Pope was recognized, and no prelatical of diocesan bishops existed. Their bishops were of the primitive New Testament style—presbyter-bishops. Easter was kept at a different time from that of Rome. The tonsure of the monks was not, like that of Rome, on the crown, but across the forehead from ear to ear. The monastic system of the Celtic Church was extremely simple—small communities of twelve men were presided over by an abbot (kindred to the Patriarch title of the Greeks), who took precedence of the humble parochial bishops."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Young+Churchman%3A+lessons+on+the+Creed%2C+the+Commandments%2C+the+means+of+grace%2C+and+the+Church&rft.date=1884&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B84&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Skinner1999-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Skinner1999_15-0">១៥,០</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Skinner1999_15-1">១៥,១</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>Maverick Guide to Scotland</i>. 1999. p. 57. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-1-4556-0866-9" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-1-4556-0866-9">978-1-4556-0866-9</a>. "The Celtic Church evolved separated from the Roman Catholic Church. The Celtic Church was primarily monastic, and the monasteries were administered by an abbot. Not as organized as the church in Rome, it was a much looser institution. The Celtic Church celebrated Easter on a different date from the Roman, too. Life within the Celtic Church tended to be ascetic. Education was an important element, as was passion for spreading the word, that is, evangelism. The Celtic brothers led a simple life in simply constructed buildings. The churches and monastic buildings were usually made of wood and wattle and had thatched roofs. After the death of St. Columba in A.D. 597, the autonomy of the Celtic Church did not last long. The Synod of Whitby in 664 decided, once and for all, that Easter would be celebrated according to the Roman date, not the Celtic date. This was the beginning of the end for the Celtic Church."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maverick+Guide+to+Scotland&rft.date=1999&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B57&rft.isbn=978-1-4556-0866-9&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eggins2015-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Eggins2015_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>History & Hope: The Alliance Party in Northern Ireland</i>. 2 March 2015. p. 15. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-0-7509-6475-3" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-0-7509-6475-3">978-0-7509-6475-3</a>. "After the Synod of Whitby in about 664, the Roman tradition was imposed on the whole Church, though remnants of the Celtic tradition lingered in practice."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+%26+Hope%3A+The+Alliance+Party+in+Northern+Ireland&rft.date=2+March+2015&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B15&rft.isbn=978-0-7509-6475-3&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bowden2005-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bowden2005_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>Encyclopedia of Christianity</i>. 2005. p. 242. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-0-19-522393-4" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-0-19-522393-4">978-0-19-522393-4</a>. "A distinctive part of Scottish Presbyterian worship is the singing of metrical psalms, many of them set to old Celtic Christianity Scottish traditional and folk tunes. These verse psalms have been exported to Africa, North America and other parts of the world where Presbyterian Scots missionaries or Emigres have been influential."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Christianity&rft.date=2005&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B242&rft.isbn=978-0-19-522393-4&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"> (ជាen) <i>Internal Colonialism: The Celtic Fringe in British National Development</i>. 1995. p. 168. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="លេខសៀវភៅបទដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិ (ទំព័រនេះមិនទាន់មាននៅឡើយទេ)">ល.ស.ប.អ.</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F:%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%97%E1%9F%85/978-1-4128-2645-7" title="ពិសេស:ប្រភពសៀវភៅ/978-1-4128-2645-7">978-1-4128-2645-7</a>. "Last, because Scotland was a sovereign land in the sixteenth century, the Scottish Reformation came under the influence of John Knox rather than Henry Tudor. The organization of the Church of Scotland became Presbyterian, with significant Calvinist influences, rather than Episcopalian. Upon incorporation Scotland was allowed to keep her church intact. These regional religious differences were to an extent superimposed upon linguistic differences in Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. One of the legacies of the Celtic social organization was the persistence of the Celtic languages Gaelic and Welsh among certain groups in the periphery."</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Internal+Colonialism%3A+The+Celtic+Fringe+in+British+National+Development&rft.date=1995&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B168&rft.isbn=978-1-4128-2645-7&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Kang, Min (2011). <i>John Calvin and John a Lasco on Church Order</i>. pp. 6, 44.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Calvin+and+John+a+Lasco+on+Church+Order&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Min&rft.au=Kang%2C%26%2332%3BMin&rft.date=2011&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B6%2C+44&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r312616"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13627a.htm"><i>Established Church of Scotland</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Established+Church+of+Scotland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F13627a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fkm.wikipedia.org%3A%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%92%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">បានពី "<a dir="ltr" href="https://km.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន&oldid=311264">https://km.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ព្រេសប៊ីធេរាន&oldid=311264</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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