CINXE.COM

NOAA Research

<!-- This page is cached by the Hummingbird Performance plugin v3.13.0 - https://wordpress.org/plugins/hummingbird-performance/. --><!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="preload" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/astra-local-fonts/montserrat/JTUSjIg1_i6t8kCHKm459Wlhyw.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>NOAA Research</title> <meta name="description" content="Explore the forefront of scientific discovery with NOAA Research, where dedicated scientists unravel the mysteries of Earth&#039;s oceans, atmosphere, and climate. From groundbreaking studies on climate change and weather patterns to cutting-edge exploration of marine ecosystems, our research informs policies and decisions crucial for environmental sustainability. Dive into the world of NOAA Research to stay informed and engaged with the latest advancements in climate science and ocean exploration." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://research.noaa.gov/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:title" content="NOAA Research" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Explore the forefront of scientific discovery with NOAA Research, where dedicated scientists unravel the mysteries of Earth&#039;s oceans, atmosphere, and climate. From groundbreaking studies on climate change and weather patterns to cutting-edge exploration of marine ecosystems, our research informs policies and decisions crucial for environmental sustainability. Dive into the world of NOAA Research to stay informed and engaged with the latest advancements in climate science and ocean exploration." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://research.noaa.gov/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NOAA Research" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/NOAAResearch/" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-03-26T14:17:56+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/52185462790_9cf180b536_k.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="2048" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1365" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@NOAAResearch" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/","url":"https://research.noaa.gov/","name":"NOAA Research","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#website"},"about":{"@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#organization"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/52185462790_9cf180b536_k.jpg","datePublished":"2022-12-01T20:32:36+00:00","dateModified":"2025-03-26T14:17:56+00:00","description":"Explore the forefront of scientific discovery with NOAA Research, where dedicated scientists unravel the mysteries of Earth's oceans, atmosphere, and climate. From groundbreaking studies on climate change and weather patterns to cutting-edge exploration of marine ecosystems, our research informs policies and decisions crucial for environmental sustainability. Dive into the world of NOAA Research to stay informed and engaged with the latest advancements in climate science and ocean exploration.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://research.noaa.gov/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#primaryimage","url":"https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/52185462790_9cf180b536_k.jpg","contentUrl":"https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/52185462790_9cf180b536_k.jpg","width":2048,"height":1365,"caption":"Location: Hulett, WY Date: June 12, 2022 Photographer: Mike Coniglio (NOAA NSSL)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#website","url":"https://research.noaa.gov/","name":"NOAA Research","description":"Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR) - or NOAA Research - provides the research foundation for understanding the complex systems that support our planet. Working in partnership with other organizational units of the NOAA, a bureau of the Department of Commerce, NOAA Research enables better forecasts, earlier warnings for natural disasters, and a greater understanding of the Earth. Our role is to provide unbiased science to better manage the environment, nationally, and globally.","publisher":{"@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://research.noaa.gov/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#organization","name":"NOAA Research","alternateName":"Oceanic and Atmospheric Research","url":"https://research.noaa.gov/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/NOAA-Research-Emblem_New.svg","contentUrl":"https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/NOAA-Research-Emblem_New.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"NOAA Research"},"image":{"@id":"https://research.noaa.gov/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/NOAAResearch/","https://x.com/NOAAResearch","https://www.instagram.com/noaaresearch"]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//player.vimeo.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link href='http://use.fontawesome.com' crossorigin='' rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="NOAA Research &raquo; iCal Feed" href="https://research.noaa.gov/events/?ical=1" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-theme-css-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/css/minified/main.min.css' media='all' /> <style id='astra-theme-css-inline-css'> :root{--ast-post-nav-space:0;--ast-container-default-xlg-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-lg-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-slg-padding:2em;--ast-container-default-md-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-sm-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-xs-padding:2.4em;--ast-container-default-xxs-padding:1.8em;--ast-code-block-background:#EEEEEE;--ast-comment-inputs-background:#FAFAFA;--ast-normal-container-width:1200px;--ast-narrow-container-width:750px;--ast-blog-title-font-weight:normal;--ast-blog-meta-weight:inherit;--ast-global-color-primary:var(--ast-global-color-5);--ast-global-color-secondary:var(--ast-global-color-4);--ast-global-color-alternate-background:var(--ast-global-color-7);--ast-global-color-subtle-background:var(--ast-global-color-6);--ast-bg-style-guide:#F8FAFC;--ast-shadow-style-guide:0px 0px 4px 0 #00000057;--ast-global-dark-bg-style:#fff;--ast-global-dark-lfs:#fbfbfb;--ast-widget-bg-color:#fafafa;--ast-wc-container-head-bg-color:#fbfbfb;--ast-title-layout-bg:#eeeeee;--ast-search-border-color:#e7e7e7;--ast-lifter-hover-bg:#e6e6e6;--ast-gallery-block-color:#000;--srfm-color-input-label:var(--ast-global-color-2);}html{font-size:87.5%;}a{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}a:hover,a:focus{color:#0274be;}body,button,input,select,textarea,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button{font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:14px;font-size:1rem;line-height:var(--ast-body-line-height,1.7em);}blockquote{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6,.site-title,.site-title a{font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:600;}.ast-site-identity .site-title a{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.site-title{font-size:35px;font-size:2.5rem;display:none;}header .custom-logo-link img{max-width:150px;width:150px;}.astra-logo-svg{width:150px;}.site-header .site-description{font-size:15px;font-size:1.0714285714286rem;display:none;}.entry-title{font-size:26px;font-size:1.8571428571429rem;}.archive .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner,.blog .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner,.archive .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner:hover,.blog .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner:hover{overflow:hidden;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:48px;font-size:3.4285714285714rem;font-weight:700;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;line-height:1.3em;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:40px;font-size:2.8571428571429rem;font-weight:700;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;line-height:1.3em;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:32px;font-size:2.2857142857143rem;font-weight:500;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;line-height:1.3em;}h4,.entry-content h4{font-size:30px;font-size:2.1428571428571rem;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:600;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;}h5,.entry-content h5{font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:700;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;}h6,.entry-content h6{font-size:18px;font-size:1.2857142857143rem;line-height:1.25em;font-weight:600;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;}::selection{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);color:#ffffff;}body,h1,.entry-title a,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}.tagcloud a:hover,.tagcloud a:focus,.tagcloud a.current-item{color:#ffffff;border-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,textarea:focus{border-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}input[type="radio"]:checked,input[type=reset],input[type="checkbox"]:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:hover:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:focus:checked,input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb{border-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);box-shadow:none;}.site-footer a:hover + .post-count,.site-footer a:focus + .post-count{background:var(--ast-global-color-3);border-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.single .nav-links .nav-previous,.single .nav-links .nav-next{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.entry-meta,.entry-meta *{line-height:1.45;color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):hover,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):hover *,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):focus,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):focus *,.page-links > .page-link,.page-links .page-link:hover,.post-navigation a:hover{color:#0274be;}#cat option,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a:visited{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.secondary .calendar_wrap #today,.ast-progress-val span{background:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.secondary a:hover + .post-count,.secondary a:focus + .post-count{background:var(--ast-global-color-3);border-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.calendar_wrap #today > a{color:#ffffff;}.page-links .page-link,.single .post-navigation a{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-form button.search-submit{padding:0 4px;}.ast-search-menu-icon form.search-form{padding-right:0;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field{width:0;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field:focus{transition:all 0.2s;}.search-form input.search-field:focus{outline:none;}.ast-archive-title{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.widget-title,.widget .wp-block-heading{font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.single .ast-author-details .author-title{color:#0274be;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search a:focus-visible:focus-visible,.astra-search-icon:focus-visible,#close:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,.ast-menu-toggle:focus-visible,.site .skip-link:focus-visible,.wp-block-loginout input:focus-visible,.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper,.ast-header-navigation-arrow:focus-visible,.woocommerce .wc-proceed-to-checkout > .checkout-button:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li a:focus-visible,.ast-orders-table__row .ast-orders-table__cell:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-order-details .order-again > .button:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-message a.button.wc-forward:focus-visible,.woocommerce #minus_qty:focus-visible,.woocommerce #plus_qty:focus-visible,a#ast-apply-coupon:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-info a:focus-visible,.woocommerce .astra-shop-summary-wrap a:focus-visible,.woocommerce a.wc-forward:focus-visible,#ast-apply-coupon:focus-visible,.woocommerce-js .woocommerce-mini-cart-item a.remove:focus-visible,#close:focus-visible,.button.search-submit:focus-visible,#search_submit:focus,.normal-search:focus-visible,.ast-header-account-wrap:focus-visible,.woocommerce .ast-on-card-button.ast-quick-view-trigger:focus{outline-style:dotted;outline-color:inherit;outline-width:thin;}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,.wp-block-search__input:focus,[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal:focus,.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .menu-toggle-close:focus,.woocommerce-ordering select.orderby:focus,#ast-scroll-top:focus,#coupon_code:focus,.woocommerce-page #comment:focus,.woocommerce #reviews #respond input#submit:focus,.woocommerce a.add_to_cart_button:focus,.woocommerce .button.single_add_to_cart_button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-cart-form button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-cart-form__cart-item .quantity .qty:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-billing-fields .woocommerce-billing-fields__field-wrapper .woocommerce-input-wrapper > .input-text:focus,.woocommerce #order_comments:focus,.woocommerce #place_order:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-address-fields .woocommerce-address-fields__field-wrapper .woocommerce-input-wrapper > .input-text:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-content form button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-content .woocommerce-EditAccountForm .woocommerce-form-row .woocommerce-Input.input-text:focus,.woocommerce .ast-woocommerce-container .woocommerce-pagination ul.page-numbers li a:focus,body #content .woocommerce form .form-row .select2-container--default .select2-selection--single:focus,#ast-coupon-code:focus,.woocommerce.woocommerce-js .quantity input[type=number]:focus,.woocommerce-js .woocommerce-mini-cart-item .quantity input[type=number]:focus,.woocommerce p#ast-coupon-trigger:focus{border-style:dotted;border-color:inherit;border-width:thin;}input{outline:none;}.ast-logo-title-inline .site-logo-img{padding-right:1em;}.site-logo-img img{ transition:all 0.2s linear;}body .ast-oembed-container *{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;}body .wp-block-embed-pocket-casts .ast-oembed-container *{position:unset;}.ast-single-post-featured-section + article {margin-top: 2em;}.site-content .ast-single-post-featured-section img {width: 100%;overflow: hidden;object-fit: cover;}.site > .ast-single-related-posts-container {margin-top: 0;}@media (min-width: 922px) {.ast-desktop .ast-container--narrow {max-width: var(--ast-narrow-container-width);margin: 0 auto;}}.ast-page-builder-template .hentry {margin: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .site-content > .ast-container {max-width: 100%;padding: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .site .site-content #primary {padding: 0;margin: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .no-results {text-align: center;margin: 4em auto;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-pagination {padding: 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header.ast-no-title.ast-no-thumbnail {margin-top: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header.ast-header-without-markup {margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header.ast-no-title.ast-no-meta {margin-bottom: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template.single .post-navigation {padding-bottom: 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template.single-post .site-content > .ast-container {max-width: 100%;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header {margin-top: 2em;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-archive-description {margin: 2em auto 0;padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-row {margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;}.single.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header + .entry-content,.single.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-entry-banner + .site-content article .entry-content {margin-bottom: 2em;}@media(min-width: 921px) {.ast-page-builder-template.archive.ast-right-sidebar .ast-row article,.ast-page-builder-template.archive.ast-left-sidebar .ast-row article {padding-left: 0;padding-right: 0;}}@media (max-width:921.9px){#ast-desktop-header{display:none;}}@media (min-width:922px){#ast-mobile-header{display:none;}}.wp-block-buttons.aligncenter{justify-content:center;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-theme-transparent-header #primary,.ast-theme-transparent-header #secondary{padding:0;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{padding:0;}}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}@media (min-width:1200px){.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{margin-top:60px;margin-bottom:60px;}}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link{border-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;}div.wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color),div.wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color){color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:focus,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color):hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-color:#00266a;border-color:#00266a;}.post-page-numbers.current .page-link,.ast-pagination .page-numbers.current{color:#ffffff;border-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button,.ast-outline-button{border-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:600;font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;line-height:1em;border-top-left-radius:200px;border-top-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-left-radius:200px;}.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color),.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color),.ast-outline-button{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:focus,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color):hover,.ast-outline-button:hover,.ast-outline-button:focus,.wp-block-uagb-buttons-child .uagb-buttons-repeater.ast-outline-button:hover,.wp-block-uagb-buttons-child .uagb-buttons-repeater.ast-outline-button:focus{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-color:#00266a;border-color:#00266a;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button.is-style-outline:not(.has-background),.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button:not(.has-background),.ast-outline-button{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > figure{margin-bottom:1em;}h1.widget-title{font-weight:700;}h2.widget-title{font-weight:700;}h3.widget-title{font-weight:500;}#page{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:100vh;}.ast-404-layout-1 h1.page-title{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.single .post-navigation a{line-height:1em;height:inherit;}.error-404 .page-sub-title{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:inherit;}.search .site-content .content-area .search-form{margin-bottom:0;}#page .site-content{flex-grow:1;}.widget{margin-bottom:1.25em;}#secondary li{line-height:1.5em;}#secondary .wp-block-group h2{margin-bottom:0.7em;}#secondary h2{font-size:1.7rem;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond{padding:3em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single .ast-article-single{padding:0;}.ast-article-single .wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid{padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding:1.5em 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .comment-form-textarea,.ast-comment-formwrap .ast-grid-common-col{padding:0;}.ast-comment-formwrap{padding:0;display:inline-flex;column-gap:20px;width:100%;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.comments-area textarea#comment:focus,.comments-area textarea#comment:active,.comments-area .ast-comment-formwrap input[type="text"]:focus,.comments-area .ast-comment-formwrap input[type="text"]:active {box-shadow:none;outline:none;}.archive.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header{margin-top:2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-comment-formwrap{width:100%;}.entry-title{margin-bottom:0.5em;}.ast-archive-description p{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.hentry{margin-bottom:2em;}@media (min-width:921px){.ast-left-sidebar.ast-page-builder-template #secondary,.archive.ast-right-sidebar.ast-page-builder-template .site-main{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-comment-formwrap.ast-row{column-gap:10px;display:inline-block;}#ast-commentform .ast-grid-common-col{position:relative;width:100%;}}@media (min-width:1201px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-author-box,.ast-separate-container .ast-404-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .no-results{padding:3em;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-separate-container #secondary{padding:1.5em 0;}#primary,#secondary{padding:1.5em 0;margin:0;}.ast-left-sidebar #content > .ast-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;width:100%;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary{border:0;}.search-no-results.ast-separate-container #primary{margin-bottom:4em;}}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{border-style:solid;text-decoration:none;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;}body .elementor-button.elementor-size-sm,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-xs,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-md,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-lg,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-xl,body .elementor-button{border-top-left-radius:200px;border-top-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-left-radius:200px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:20px;}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{border-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:hover,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:focus{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-color:#00266a;border-color:#00266a;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link ,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:visited{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:600;font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;line-height:1em;text-transform:uppercase;}body .elementor-button.elementor-size-sm,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-xs,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-md,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-lg,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-xl,body .elementor-button{font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:focus{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-color:#00266a;border-color:#00266a;}.elementor-widget-heading h1.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.3em;}.elementor-widget-heading h2.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.3em;}.elementor-widget-heading h3.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.3em;}.elementor-widget-heading h4.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h5.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h6.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.25em;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link,.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button{border-style:solid;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);color:var(--ast-global-color-4);font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:600;line-height:1em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;border-top-left-radius:200px;border-top-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-left-radius:200px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:20px;}.menu-toggle,button,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button,.button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"],form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button,.search .search-submit{border-style:solid;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;color:var(--ast-global-color-4);border-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);padding-top:10px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:20px;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:600;font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;line-height:1em;text-transform:uppercase;border-top-left-radius:200px;border-top-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-right-radius:200px;border-bottom-left-radius:200px;}button:focus,.menu-toggle:hover,button:hover,.ast-button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover .button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover ,input[type=reset]:hover,input[type=reset]:focus,input#submit:hover,input#submit:focus,input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:focus,form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button:hover,form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button:focus,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button:hover,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button:focus{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-color:#00266a;border-color:#00266a;}form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button.has-icon{padding-top:calc(10px - 3px);padding-right:calc(20px - 3px);padding-bottom:calc(10px - 3px);padding-left:calc(20px - 3px);}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon{display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-outside .ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-icon{margin:0;}.ast-comment-avatar-wrap img{max-width:2.5em;}.ast-comment-meta{padding:0 1.8888em 1.3333em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .comment-respond{padding:2em 2.14em;}}@media (min-width:544px){.ast-container{max-width:100%;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{padding:1.5em 1em;}.ast-separate-container #content .ast-container{padding-left:0.54em;padding-right:0.54em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list .bypostauthor{padding:.5em;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field{width:170px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form{right:0;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form{right:-1em;}} #ast-mobile-header .ast-site-header-cart-li a{pointer-events:none;}@media (min-width:545px){.ast-page-builder-template .comments-area,.single.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header,.single.ast-page-builder-template .post-navigation,.single.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-related-posts-container{max-width:1240px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}}.ast-separate-container{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.widget-title{font-size:24px;font-size:1.4117647058824rem;}body,button,input,select,textarea,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button{font-size:17px;font-size:1.2142857142857rem;}#secondary,#secondary button,#secondary input,#secondary select,#secondary textarea{font-size:17px;font-size:1.2142857142857rem;}.site-title{display:none;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:36px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:30px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:25px;}h4,.entry-content h4{font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;}h5,.entry-content h5{font-size:17px;font-size:1.2142857142857rem;}h6,.entry-content h6{font-size:15px;font-size:1.0714285714286rem;}}@media (max-width:544px){.widget-title{font-size:24px;font-size:1.4117647058824rem;}body,button,input,select,textarea,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button{font-size:17px;font-size:1.2142857142857rem;}#secondary,#secondary button,#secondary input,#secondary select,#secondary textarea{font-size:17px;font-size:1.2142857142857rem;}.site-title{display:none;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:32px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:26px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:22px;}h4,.entry-content h4{font-size:18px;font-size:1.2857142857143rem;}h5,.entry-content h5{font-size:15px;font-size:1.0714285714286rem;}h6,.entry-content h6{font-size:13px;font-size:0.92857142857143rem;}}@media (max-width:544px){html{font-size:87.5%;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-container{max-width:1240px;}}@media (min-width:922px){.site-content .ast-container{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:921px){.site-content .ast-container{flex-direction:column;}}@media (min-width:922px){.single-post .site-content > .ast-container{max-width:1200px;}}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu:hover > .sub-menu,.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu.focus > .sub-menu{margin-left:-0px;}}.site .comments-area{padding-bottom:3em;}[data-section*="section-fb-button-"] .menu-link{display:none;}[CLASS*="ast-footer-button-"][data-section^="section-fb-button-"]{justify-content:center;}.site-footer-focus-item[CLASS*="ast-footer-button-"]{display:flex;}.footer-widget-area[data-section^="section-fb-html-"] .ast-builder-html-element{text-align:center;}.wp-block-file {display: flex;align-items: center;flex-wrap: wrap;justify-content: space-between;}.wp-block-pullquote {border: none;}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote::before {content: "\201D";font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif;display: flex;transform: rotate( 180deg );font-size: 6rem;font-style: normal;line-height: 1;font-weight: bold;align-items: center;justify-content: center;}.has-text-align-right > blockquote::before {justify-content: flex-start;}.has-text-align-left > blockquote::before {justify-content: flex-end;}figure.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote {max-width: 100%;text-align: inherit;}:root {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-container-width: 1200px;--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size: 1200px;--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size: calc(1200px + var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding) + var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding));}.ast-narrow-container {--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size: 750px;--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size: 750px;}@media(max-width: 921px) {:root {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 2em;}}@media(max-width: 544px) {:root {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 1.5em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 1.5em;}}.entry-content > .wp-block-group,.entry-content > .wp-block-cover,.entry-content > .wp-block-columns {padding-top: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding);padding-right: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding);padding-bottom: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding);padding-left: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding);}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content > .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-no-sidebar .entry-content > .alignfull {margin-left: calc( -50vw + 50%);margin-right: calc( -50vw + 50%);max-width: 100vw;width: 100vw;}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide {margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width: 100%;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-dots) {height: 0;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator {margin: 20px auto;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots) {max-width: 100px;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator.has-background {padding: 0;}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > * {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size);}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull {max-width: none;}.entry-content .wp-block-columns {margin-bottom: 0;}blockquote {margin: 1.5em;border-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.wp-block-quote:not(.has-text-align-right):not(.has-text-align-center) {border-left: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.has-text-align-right > blockquote,blockquote.has-text-align-right {border-right: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.has-text-align-left > blockquote,blockquote.has-text-align-left {border-left: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.wp-block-site-tagline,.wp-block-latest-posts .read-more {margin-top: 15px;}.wp-block-loginout p label {display: block;}.wp-block-loginout p:not(.login-remember):not(.login-submit) input {width: 100%;}.wp-block-loginout input:focus {border-color: transparent;}.wp-block-loginout input:focus {outline: thin dotted;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 0 0 0 8%;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 0 8% 0 0;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-background .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8%;}.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]):not(.has-text-color.has-link-color) .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-image-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-image-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-text {color: var(--ast-global-color-primary,var(--ast-global-color-5));}.wp-block-loginout .login-remember input {width: 1.1rem;height: 1.1rem;margin: 0 5px 4px 0;vertical-align: middle;}.wp-block-latest-posts > li > *:first-child,.wp-block-latest-posts:not(.is-grid) > li:first-child {margin-top: 0;}.entry-content > .wp-block-buttons,.entry-content > .wp-block-uagb-buttons {margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input {padding: 0 10px;color: var(--ast-global-color-3);background: var(--ast-global-color-primary,var(--ast-global-color-5));border-color: var(--ast-border-color);}.wp-block-latest-posts .read-more {margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.wp-block-search__no-button .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input {padding-top: 5px;padding-bottom: 5px;}.wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-date,.wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-author {font-size: 1rem;}.wp-block-latest-posts > li > *,.wp-block-latest-posts:not(.is-grid) > li {margin-top: 12px;margin-bottom: 12px;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > *,.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignfull:not(.wp-block-group):not(.uagb-is-root-container) > * {max-width: none;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide:not(.uagb-is-root-container) > * {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size);}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .inherit-container-width > *,.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > *:not(.wp-block-group):not(.uagb-is-root-container) > *,.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover__inner-container {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size) ;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-cover:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright) {width: auto;}@media(max-width: 1200px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content > .alignfull,.ast-separate-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: calc(-1 * min(var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding),20px)) ;margin-right: calc(-1 * min(var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding),20px));}}@media(min-width: 1201px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content > .alignfull {margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding) );margin-right: calc(-1 * var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding) );}.ast-separate-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide {margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding) );margin-right: calc(-1 * var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding) );}}@media(min-width: 921px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide:not(.inherit-container-width) > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright)),.ast-plain-container .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide:not(.inherit-container-width) > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright)) {max-width: calc( var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size) + 80px );}.ast-plain-container.ast-right-sidebar .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-left-sidebar .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull {margin-left: -60px;margin-right: -60px;}}@media(min-width: 544px) {.entry-content > .alignleft {margin-right: 20px;}.entry-content > .alignright {margin-left: 20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.wp-block-columns .wp-block-column:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:20px;}.wp-block-latest-posts{margin:0;}}@media( max-width: 600px ) {.entry-content .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content,.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8% 0 0;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-background .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8%;}}.ast-narrow-container .site-content .wp-block-uagb-image--align-full .wp-block-uagb-image__figure {max-width: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item .menu-link {border: none;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before {font-size: .6rem;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile {flex-wrap: unset;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu .menu-link {padding: .1em 1em;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu > .menu-item .ast-menu-toggle::before {transform: rotate(-90deg);}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu > .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded .ast-menu-toggle::before {transform: rotate(-270deg);}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item > .sub-menu > .menu-item .menu-link:before {content: none;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile {flex-wrap: unset;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu .menu-link {padding: .1em 1em;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu > .menu-item .ast-menu-toggle::before {transform: rotate(-90deg);}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu > .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded .ast-menu-toggle::before {transform: rotate(-270deg);}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item > .sub-menu > .menu-item .menu-link:before {content: none;}.ast-header-break-point .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu {width: 150px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.menu-item-has-children {margin-right: 10px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu {display: block;position: absolute;right: auto;left: 0;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu .menu-item .ast-menu-toggle {padding: 0;right: 1em;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu {left: 100%;right: auto;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .ast-menu-toggle {right: -15px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.menu-item-has-children {margin-right: 10px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu {display: block;position: absolute;right: auto;left: 0;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .menu-item.ast-submenu-expanded > .sub-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu {left: 100%;right: auto;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-flex.inline-on-mobile .ast-menu-toggle {right: -15px;}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root{--ast-global-color-0:#28282a;--ast-global-color-1:#3f3f3f;--ast-global-color-2:#003087;--ast-global-color-3:#0085ca;--ast-global-color-4:#f2f2f2;--ast-global-color-5:#FFFFFF;--ast-global-color-6:rgba(0,47,135,0.1);--ast-global-color-7:rgba(0,48,135,0.25);--ast-global-color-8:rgba(0,48,135,0.65);}:root {--ast-border-color : var(--ast-global-color-6);}.ast-single-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: var(--ast-title-layout-bg);}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {max-width: 1200px;background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-single-entry-banner + .site-content .entry-header {margin-bottom: 0;}.site .ast-author-avatar {--ast-author-avatar-size: ;}a.ast-underline-text {text-decoration: underline;}.ast-container > .ast-terms-link {position: relative;display: block;}a.ast-button.ast-badge-tax {padding: 4px 8px;border-radius: 3px;font-size: inherit;}header.entry-header > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-archive-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: var(--ast-title-layout-bg);}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;text-align: left;}body.archive .ast-archive-description{max-width:1200px;width:100%;text-align:left;padding-top:3em;padding-right:3em;padding-bottom:3em;padding-left:3em;}body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title,body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title *{font-size:40px;font-size:2.8571428571429rem;text-transform:capitalize;}body.archive .ast-archive-description > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px;}@media (max-width:921px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}@media (max-width:544px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items li{display:inline-block;margin:0;padding:0;border:none;background:inherit;text-indent:0;text-decoration:none;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse{font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;color:inherit;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items{list-style:none;}.trail-items li::after{padding:0 0.3em;content:"\00bb";}.trail-items li:last-of-type::after{display:none;}.trail-items li::after{content:"\00BB";}.ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper{text-align:left;}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper a,.ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper .breadcrumb_last,.ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper span{font-size:14px;font-size:1rem;}.main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb,.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb,.ast-header-break-point .header-main-layout-2 .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb,.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb{padding-top:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-bottom:3px;padding-left:3px;}}.ast-header-breadcrumb{padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:10px;width:100%;}.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb,.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb{padding-top:1em;padding-bottom:1em;}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar.ast-header-breadcrumb{border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}.ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper{line-height:1.4;}.ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper .rank-math-breadcrumb p{margin-bottom:0px;}.ast-breadcrumbs-wrapper{display:block;width:100%;}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.entry-title a{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-firstrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:first-child,.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-lastrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:last-child{grid-column:1 / -1;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-3-firstrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:first-child,.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-3-lastrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:last-child{grid-column:1 / -1;}}.ast-builder-layout-element .ast-site-identity{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}}.ast-builder-menu-1{font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:400;text-transform:capitalize;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item > .menu-link{font-size:1em;color:var(--ast-global-color-4);padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-builder-menu-1 .current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu{border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);border-style:solid;width:1200px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu .sub-menu{top:0px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:10px;}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu:before,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper:before{height:calc( 10px + 0px + 5px );}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 0px - 0.907em );}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu,.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu{background-image:none;}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link{border-style:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:-15px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}.ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}}.main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-search-icon {display: block;z-index: 4;position: relative;}.ast-search-icon .ast-icon {z-index: 4;}.ast-search-icon {z-index: 4;position: relative;line-height: normal;}.main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {background-color: #ffffff;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active.slide-search .search-form {visibility: visible;opacity: 1;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {border: 1px solid var(--ast-search-border-color);line-height: normal;padding: 0 3em 0 0;border-radius: 2px;display: inline-block;-webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;backface-visibility: hidden;position: relative;color: inherit;background-color: #fff;}.ast-search-menu-icon .astra-search-icon {-js-display: flex;display: flex;line-height: normal;}.ast-search-menu-icon .astra-search-icon:focus {outline: none;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-field {border: none;background-color: transparent;transition: all .3s;border-radius: inherit;color: inherit;font-size: inherit;width: 0;color: #757575;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit {display: none;background: none;border: none;font-size: 1.3em;color: #757575;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active {visibility: visible;opacity: 1;position: relative;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field,.ast-dropdown-active.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field {width: 235px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-form {-js-display: flex;display: flex;align-items: center;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field {width : 100%;padding : 0.60em;padding-right : 5.5em;transition: all 0.2s;}.site-header-section-left .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form {padding-left: 2em;padding-right: unset;left: -1em;right: unset;}.site-header-section-left .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form .search-field {margin-right: unset;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form {-webkit-backface-visibility: visible;backface-visibility: visible;visibility: hidden;opacity: 0;transition: all .2s;position: absolute;z-index: 3;right: -1em;top: 50%;transform: translateY(-50%);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form .search-field:-ms-input-placeholder,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form .search-field:-ms-input-placeholder{opacity:0.5;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-form{-js-display:flex;display:flex;align-items:center;}.ast-builder-layout-element.ast-header-search{height:auto;}.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);font-size:18px;}.ast-header-search .search-field::placeholder,.ast-header-search .ast-icon{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{font-size:18px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{font-size:18px;}}.ast-header-search{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search{display:flex;}}.ast-builder-html-element img.alignnone{display:inline-block;}.ast-builder-html-element p:first-child{margin-top:0;}.ast-builder-html-element p:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .ast-builder-html-element{line-height:1.85714285714286;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"] .ast-builder-html-element{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"] a{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"] a:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}@media (max-width:544px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"]{margin-left:15px;margin-right:15px;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"]{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"]{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"]{display:block;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"] .ast-builder-html-element{text-align:left;}@media (max-width:921px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"] .ast-builder-html-element{text-align:center;}}@media (max-width:544px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-fb-html-1"] .ast-builder-html-element{text-align:center;}}.ast-footer-button-1 .ast-custom-button{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);background:var(--ast-global-color-4);border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;}.ast-footer-button-1 .ast-custom-button:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);background:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-footer-button-1[data-section*="section-fb-button-"] .ast-builder-button-wrap .ast-custom-button{margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-left:1em;margin-right:1em;}.ast-footer-button-1[data-section="section-fb-button-1"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-footer-button-1[data-section="section-fb-button-1"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-footer-button-1[data-section="section-fb-button-1"]{display:flex;}}.ast-footer-button-1[data-section="section-fb-button-1"]{justify-content:flex-start;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-footer-button-1[data-section="section-fb-button-1"]{justify-content:center;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-footer-button-1[data-section="section-fb-button-1"]{justify-content:center;}}.ast-social-stack-desktop .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-social-stack-tablet .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-social-stack-mobile .ast-builder-social-element {margin-top: 6px;margin-bottom: 6px;}.social-show-label-true .ast-builder-social-element {width: auto;padding: 0 0.4em;}[data-section^="section-fb-social-icons-"] .footer-social-inner-wrap {text-align: center;}.ast-footer-social-wrap {width: 100%;}.ast-footer-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:first-child {margin-left: 0;}.ast-footer-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:last-child {margin-right: 0;}.ast-header-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:first-child {margin-left: 0;}.ast-header-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:last-child {margin-right: 0;}.ast-builder-social-element {line-height: 1;color: var(--ast-global-color-2);background: transparent;vertical-align: middle;transition: all 0.01s;margin-left: 6px;margin-right: 6px;justify-content: center;align-items: center;}.ast-builder-social-element .social-item-label {padding-left: 6px;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .social-show-label-true .ast-builder-social-element{margin-left:5px;margin-right:5px;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element svg{width:21px;height:21px;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom svg{fill:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .ast-builder-social-element:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .ast-builder-social-element:hover svg{fill:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .social-item-label{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:hover .social-item-label{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"] .footer-social-inner-wrap{text-align:left;}@media (max-width:921px){[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"] .footer-social-inner-wrap{text-align:center;}}@media (max-width:544px){[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"] .footer-social-inner-wrap{text-align:center;}}.ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}}.site-primary-footer-wrap{padding-top:45px;padding-bottom:45px;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);background-image:none;border-style:solid;border-width:0px;border-top-width:1px;border-top-color:var( --ast-global-color-subtle-background,--ast-global-color-7 );}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row{max-width:1200px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row,.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .site-footer-section{align-items:flex-start;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.ast-builder-grid-row-3-equal .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:repeat( 3,1fr );}@media (max-width:921px){.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-equal .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:repeat( 3,1fr );}}@media (max-width:544px){.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-footer-widget-3"].footer-widget-area-inner{text-align:left;}@media (max-width:921px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-footer-widget-3"].footer-widget-area-inner{text-align:center;}}@media (max-width:544px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-footer-widget-3"].footer-widget-area-inner{text-align:center;}}.footer-widget-area.widget-area.site-footer-focus-item{width:auto;}.ast-footer-row-inline .footer-widget-area.widget-area.site-footer-focus-item{width:100%;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-footer-widget-3"]{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-footer-widget-3"]{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-footer-widget-3"]{display:block;}}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title{margin:0;}.elementor-page .ast-menu-toggle{color:unset !important;background:unset !important;}.elementor-post.elementor-grid-item.hentry{margin-bottom:0;}.woocommerce div.product .elementor-element.elementor-products-grid .related.products ul.products li.product,.elementor-element .elementor-wc-products .woocommerce[class*='columns-'] ul.products li.product{width:auto;margin:0;float:none;}.elementor-toc__list-wrapper{margin:0;}body .elementor hr{background-color:#ccc;margin:0;}.ast-left-sidebar .elementor-section.elementor-section-stretched,.ast-right-sidebar .elementor-section.elementor-section-stretched{max-width:100%;left:0 !important;}.elementor-posts-container [CLASS*="ast-width-"]{width:100%;}.elementor-template-full-width .ast-container{display:block;}.elementor-screen-only,.screen-reader-text,.screen-reader-text span,.ui-helper-hidden-accessible{top:0 !important;}@media (max-width:544px){.elementor-element .elementor-wc-products .woocommerce[class*="columns-"] ul.products li.product{width:auto;margin:0;}.elementor-element .woocommerce .woocommerce-result-count{float:none;}}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled .ast-builder-menu-1 div:not( .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper) .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item .sub-menu{box-shadow:0px 0px 0px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}.ast-desktop .ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{max-width:35%;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{max-width:90%;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{max-width:90%;}}.ast-footer-button-1 .ast-custom-button{box-shadow:0px 0px 0px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;}}.main-header-menu .menu-item,#astra-footer-menu .menu-item,.main-header-bar .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{-js-display:flex;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,#astra-footer-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{height:100%;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-js-display:flex;display:flex;}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation ul .menu-item .menu-link .icon-arrow:first-of-type svg{top:.2em;margin-top:0px;margin-left:0px;width:.65em;transform:translate(0,-2px) rotateZ(270deg);}.ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle{transform:rotateX(180deg);overflow-y:auto;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-builder-menu .main-navigation > ul > li:last-child a{margin-right:0;}}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-inner{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-inner{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-inner{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .ast-comment-list li,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comments-title{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}.ast-plain-container,.ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-plain-container,.ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-plain-container,.ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}#ast-scroll-top {display: none;position: fixed;text-align: center;cursor: pointer;z-index: 99;width: 2.1em;height: 2.1em;line-height: 2.1;color: #ffffff;border-radius: 2px;content: "";outline: inherit;}@media (min-width: 769px) {#ast-scroll-top {content: "769";}}#ast-scroll-top .ast-icon.icon-arrow svg {margin-left: 0px;vertical-align: middle;transform: translate(0,-20%) rotate(180deg);width: 1.6em;}.ast-scroll-to-top-right {right: 30px;bottom: 30px;}.ast-scroll-to-top-left {left: 30px;bottom: 30px;}#ast-scroll-top{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);font-size:15px;border-top-left-radius:500px;border-top-right-radius:500px;border-bottom-right-radius:500px;border-bottom-left-radius:500px;}#ast-scroll-top:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}@media (max-width:921px){#ast-scroll-top .ast-icon.icon-arrow svg{width:1em;}}.ast-mobile-header-content > *,.ast-desktop-header-content > * {padding: 10px 0;height: auto;}.ast-mobile-header-content > *:first-child,.ast-desktop-header-content > *:first-child {padding-top: 10px;}.ast-mobile-header-content > .ast-builder-menu,.ast-desktop-header-content > .ast-builder-menu {padding-top: 0;}.ast-mobile-header-content > *:last-child,.ast-desktop-header-content > *:last-child {padding-bottom: 0;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search label,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search label {width: 100%;}.ast-desktop-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle::before {transform: rotateX(180deg);}#ast-desktop-header .ast-desktop-header-content,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-icon,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-icon,.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content,.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-popup-nav-open .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content,.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-popup-nav-open .ast-desktop-header-content {display: none;}.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point #ast-desktop-header .ast-desktop-header-content,.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content {display: block;}.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-up > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-up > .menu-item .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-down > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-down > .menu-item .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-fade > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-fade > .menu-item .menu-item > .sub-menu {opacity: 1;visibility: visible;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation {width: unset;margin: unset;}.ast-mobile-header-content.content-align-flex-end .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-desktop-header-content.content-align-flex-end .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle {left: calc( 20px - 0.907em);right: auto;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search {width: 100%;position: relative;display: block;right: auto;transform: none;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {right: 0;visibility: visible;opacity: 1;position: relative;top: auto;transform: none;padding: 0;display: block;overflow: hidden;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field {width: 100%;padding-right: 5.5em;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit {display: block;position: absolute;height: 100%;top: 0;right: 0;padding: 0 1em;border-radius: 0;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation ul .sub-menu .menu-link {padding-left: 30px;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link {padding-left: 40px;}.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);;}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content,.ast-desktop-header-content{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);;}.ast-mobile-popup-content > *,.ast-mobile-header-content > *,.ast-desktop-popup-content > *,.ast-desktop-header-content > *{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;}.content-align-flex-start .ast-builder-layout-element{justify-content:flex-start;}.content-align-flex-start .main-header-menu{text-align:left;}.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .menu-toggle-close{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-primary-header-bar,.ast-primary-header-bar .site-primary-header-wrap{min-height:65px;}.ast-desktop .ast-primary-header-bar .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:65px;}.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-primary-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:var( --ast-global-color-subtle-background,--ast-global-color-7 );border-bottom-style:solid;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-primary-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:var( --ast-global-color-subtle-background,--ast-global-color-7 );border-bottom-style:solid;}}.ast-primary-header-bar{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);background-image:none;}.ast-primary-header-bar{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}.ast-hfb-header .site-header{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);border:none;background:transparent;}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-toggle-icon .ast-mobile-svg{width:20px;height:20px;fill:var(--ast-global-color-4);}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-wrap .mobile-menu{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .menu-toggle{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .menu-item > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .sub-menu{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);background-image:none;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu,.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu,.ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-header-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu,.ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu{border-top-width:1px;border-color:#eaeaea;}.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-header-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-header-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link{border-bottom-width:1px;border-color:#eaeaea;border-style:solid;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-vertical-menu {display: grid;}@media (min-width: 769px) {.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li {margin: 0;}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu a {padding: 0 0.5em;}}@media (min-width: 769px) {.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li:first-child a {padding-left: 0;}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li:last-child a {padding-right: 0;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-horizontal-menu{justify-content:flex-start;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:flex-start;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item > a{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);padding-top:.5em;padding-bottom:.5em;padding-left:.5em;padding-right:.5em;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item:hover > a{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > a{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}@media (max-width:921px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-horizontal-menu{justify-content:center;display:flex;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu{display:grid;justify-content:center;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:center;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item > a{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-horizontal-menu{justify-content:flex-start;display:flex;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu{display:grid;justify-content:flex-start;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:flex-start;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item:hover > a{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > a{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}}:root{--e-global-color-astglobalcolor0:#28282a;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor1:#3f3f3f;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor2:#003087;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor3:#0085ca;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor4:#f2f2f2;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor5:#FFFFFF;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor6:rgba(0,47,135,0.1);--e-global-color-astglobalcolor7:rgba(0,48,135,0.25);--e-global-color-astglobalcolor8:rgba(0,48,135,0.65);}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item>.sub-menu .sub-menu{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(.5em);transition:visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item .menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item .menu-item:hover>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item:hover>.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);transition:opacity .2s ease,visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.full-width-mega.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.full-width-mega.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{-js-display:flex;display:flex}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item>.sub-menu .sub-menu{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(-.5em);transition:visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item .menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item .menu-item:hover>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item:hover>.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);transition:opacity .2s ease,visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.full-width-mega.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.full-width-mega.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{-js-display:flex;display:flex}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item>.sub-menu .sub-menu{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:opacity ease-in-out .3s}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item .menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item .menu-item:hover>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item:hover>.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transition:opacity ease-in-out .3s}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.full-width-mega.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.full-width-mega.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{-js-display:flex;display:flex}.ast-desktop .menu-item.ast-menu-hover>.sub-menu.toggled-on{opacity:1;visibility:visible} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-google-fonts-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/astra-local-fonts/astra-local-fonts.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block-styles-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='vimeo-for-wordpress-public-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/vimeo/build/style-index.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-svg-styles-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/font-awesome/v6.2.1/css/svg-with-js.css' media='all' /> <style id='font-awesome-svg-styles-inline-css'> .wp-block-font-awesome-icon svg::before, .wp-rich-text-font-awesome-icon svg::before {content: unset;} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0: var(--ast-global-color-0);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1: var(--ast-global-color-1);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2: var(--ast-global-color-2);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3: var(--ast-global-color-3);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4: var(--ast-global-color-4);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5: var(--ast-global-color-5);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6: var(--ast-global-color-6);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7: var(--ast-global-color-7);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8: var(--ast-global-color-8);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);--wp--style--global--wide-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size); }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: 24px; margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: 24px; }:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 24px;}:root :where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 24px;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: none;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpel-style-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/wp-external-links/public/css/wpel.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-v2-single-skeleton-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/tribe-events-single-skeleton.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-v2-single-skeleton-full-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/tribe-events-single-full.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-events-elementor-widgets-base-styles-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/integrations/plugins/elementor/widgets/widget-base.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-addon-css-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/astra-addon/astra-addon-67f3f7948886d0-82596770.css' media='all' /> <style id='astra-addon-css-inline-css'> #content:before{content:"921";position:absolute;overflow:hidden;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;}.blog-layout-2{position:relative;}.single .ast-author-details .author-title{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.single.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-author-box{padding:2em 20px;}.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:3em;}@media (max-width:921px){.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-avatar{margin-bottom:1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-md-1 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-md-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-md-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-md-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts{padding:0 .75em 0;}.blog-layout-1 .post-content,.blog-layout-1 .ast-blog-featured-section{float:none;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-2.14em;margin-right:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .entry-header .post-thumb-img-content:first-child{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-2.14em;margin-right:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-right:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;margin-right:-0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-right:-1.5em;}.blog-layout-2{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;}.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-3,.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-1{display:block;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-blog-layout-4-grid .ast-article-post{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;margin-left:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0;margin-left:-1.14em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-archive-description{margin-bottom:1.33333em;}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-thumb .post-content,.blog-layout-3.ast-no-thumb .post-content{width:calc(100% - 5.714285714em);}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-thumb.ast-no-date-box .post-content,.blog-layout-3.ast-no-thumb.ast-no-date-box .post-content{width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts{border-bottom:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after{flex-basis:0;width:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{display:flex;padding:0;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:stretch;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after{flex-basis:0;width:0;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{display:flex;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post:last-child{margin-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:stretch;}.single .ast-author-meta .ast-author-details{display:flex;align-items:center;}.post-author-bio .author-title{margin-bottom:10px;}}@media (min-width:922px){.single .post-author-avatar,.single .post-author-bio{float:left;clear:right;}.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-avatar{margin-right:1.33333em;}.single .ast-author-meta .about-author-title-wrapper,.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-bio{text-align:left;}.blog-layout-2 .post-content{padding-right:2em;}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-date-box.ast-no-thumb .post-content{padding-right:0;}.blog-layout-3 .post-content{padding-left:2em;}.blog-layout-3.ast-no-date-box.ast-no-thumb .post-content{padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1){padding:0 1em 0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-sm-1 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-sm-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-sm-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-sm-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts{padding:0 .5em 0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-sm-1 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts{padding:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;margin-right:-0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.33333em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-2,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-3{padding:1.33333em 1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1{padding:1.33333em 1em;}.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:1.5em 1em;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-hide-display-device-desktop{display:none;}[class^="astra-advanced-hook-"] .wp-block-query .wp-block-post-template .wp-block-post{width:100%;}}@media (min-width:545px) and (max-width:921px){.ast-hide-display-device-tablet{display:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-hide-display-device-mobile{display:none;}}.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on,.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on *{background:var(--ast-global-color-3);color:#ffffff;}.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-month,.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-year{color:#ffffff;}.ast-load-more:hover{color:#ffffff;border-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-loader > div{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-archive-description{margin-bottom:2em;}.entry-title a{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.entry-meta,.entry-meta *{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);border-radius:100px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);border-radius:100px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);border-top-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-left-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-color:#ddd;border-radius:100px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search:hover .search-field,.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search:focus .search-field,.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search:hover .search-submit,.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search:focus .search-submit,.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search:hover .search-form,.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search:focus .search-form{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:hover .search-field,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:focus .search-field{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:hover .search-submit,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:focus .search-submit{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:hover .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:focus .search-form{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field::placeholder{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon form.search-form .search-field{height:40px;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-container{max-width:1240px;}}@media (min-width:993px){.ast-container{max-width:1240px;}}@media (min-width:1201px){.ast-container{max-width:1240px;}}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding-bottom:0;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond .ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper .single.ast-separate-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details,.ast-separate-container .ast-single-related-posts-container{padding-right:2.14em;padding-left:2.14em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.single.ast-narrow-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-right:2.14em;padding-left:2.14em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-plain-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{margin-top:1.5em;margin-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;}.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar.ast-narrow-container .entry-content .alignfull{margin-right:-2.14em;margin-left:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding-bottom:0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.single.ast-separate-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details{padding-right:1em;padding-left:1em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.single.ast-narrow-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-right:1em;padding-left:1em;}.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar.ast-narrow-container .entry-content .alignfull{margin-right:-1em;margin-left:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding-bottom:0;}}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .main-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .header-main-layout-2 .site-branding,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .ast-mobile-menu-buttons{padding-bottom:0px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget,.ast-separate-container #secondary .widget{margin-bottom:1.5em;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-top:0px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-bottom:0px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .entry-header .post-thumb-img-content:first-child{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .entry-header .post-thumb-img-content:first-child,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-2.14em;margin-right:-2.14em;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .entry-header .post-thumb-img-content:first-child{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .entry-header .post-thumb-img-content:first-child,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;}}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:5px;padding-right:5px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-megamenu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-style:solid;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;}}.ast-above-header,.main-header-bar,.ast-below-header {-webkit-transition: all 0.2s linear;transition: all 0.2s linear;}.ast-above-header,.main-header-bar,.ast-below-header {max-width:100%;}.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .astra-search-icon,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .search-field::placeholder,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-icon{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .astra-search-icon:hover,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-icon:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .search-field,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field::placeholder{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit {background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:hover .search-field,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:hover .search-form,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:hover .search-submit,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:focus .search-field,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:focus .search-form,.ast-header-sticked .ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon:focus .search-submit{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked [data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-toggle-icon .ast-mobile-svg{fill:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked [data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-wrap .mobile-menu{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked [data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal{background:transparent;}.site-title,.site-title a{font-weight:600;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;line-height:1.23em;}#secondary .widget-title,.woocommerce-page #secondary .widget .widget-title{font-weight:600;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;line-height:1.23em;}.blog .entry-title,.blog .entry-title a,.archive .entry-title,.archive .entry-title a,.search .entry-title,.search .entry-title a{font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:600;line-height:1.23em;}button,.ast-button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"]{font-size:20px;font-size:1.4285714285714rem;font-weight:600;font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;}h4.widget-title{font-weight:600;}h5.widget-title{font-weight:700;}h6.widget-title{font-weight:600;}.elementor-widget-heading h4.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h5.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h6.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.25em;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{font-family:'Montserrat',sans-serif;font-weight:700;}.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{font-weight:400;font-size:0.86em;}.ast-desktop .ast-mm-widget-content .ast-mm-widget-item{padding:0;}.ast-header-break-point .menu-text + .icon-arrow,.ast-desktop .menu-link > .icon-arrow:first-child,.ast-header-break-point .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link .icon-arrow,.ast-header-break-point .astra-mm-highlight-label + .icon-arrow{display:none;}.ast-advanced-headers-layout.ast-advanced-headers-layout-2 .ast-container{flex-direction:column;}.ast-advanced-headers-different-logo .advanced-header-logo,.ast-header-break-point .ast-has-mobile-header-logo .advanced-header-logo{display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-advanced-headers-different-logo .ast-has-mobile-header-logo .ast-mobile-header-logo{display:none;}.ast-advanced-headers-layout{width:100%;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-advanced-headers-parallax{background-attachment:fixed;}#masthead .site-logo-img .astra-logo-svg,.ast-header-break-point #ast-fixed-header .site-logo-img .custom-logo-link img {max-width:150px;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] #ast-fixed-header.ast-header-sticked .site-title a,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked .site-title a:focus,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked .site-title a:visited ,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked .site-title a{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);background:transparent;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading:hover > .menu-link,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background:transparent;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item > .menu-link:hover,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .current-menu-parent > .menu-link:hover,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .current-menu-parent > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item > .menu-link:hover,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-main-header-nav-open nav{overflow-y:auto;max-height:calc(100vh - 100px);}}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{background:transparent;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading:hover > .menu-link,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link:hover{background:transparent;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-main-header-nav-open nav{overflow-y:auto;max-height:calc(100vh - 100px);}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-main-header-nav-open nav{overflow-y:auto;max-height:calc(100vh - 100px);}}.ast-transparent-header.ast-primary-sticky-header-active .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar,.ast-primary-sticky-header-active .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar,.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar,.ast-transparent-header.ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-primary-sticky-header-ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked{background:rgba(64,64,64,0.55);backdrop-filter:blur(10px );-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(10px);}.ast-above-header-bar.ast-header-sticked{z-index:9;}.ast-above-sticky-header-active .ast-above-header.ast-header-sticked{background:var(--ast-global-color-4);backdrop-filter:unset;-webkit-backdrop-filter:unset;}.ast-below-sticky-header-active .ast-below-header-wrap .ast-below-header{background:var(--ast-global-color-1);backdrop-filter:unset;-webkit-backdrop-filter:unset;}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .astra-megamenu-li .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link:hover,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .astra-megamenu-li .menu-item.menu-item-heading:hover > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu{background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .current-menu-item > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu .current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu.ast-nav-menu .sub-menu{background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu.ast-nav-menu .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu.ast-nav-menu .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu.ast-nav-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu .sub-menu .current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-official-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.2.1/css/all.css' media='all' integrity="sha384-twcuYPV86B3vvpwNhWJuaLdUSLF9+ttgM2A6M870UYXrOsxKfER2MKox5cirApyA" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-frontend-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/custom-frontend.min.css' media='all' /> <style id='elementor-frontend-inline-css'> .elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5386f4dc > .elementor-container > .elementor-column > .elementor-widget-wrap{align-content:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5386f4dc{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-bc-flex-widget .elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75ae727c.elementor-column .elementor-widget-wrap{align-items:flex-start;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75ae727c.elementor-column.elementor-element[data-element_type="column"] > .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated{align-content:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75ae727c > .elementor-widget-wrap > .elementor-widget:not(.elementor-widget__width-auto):not(.elementor-widget__width-initial):not(:last-child):not(.elementor-absolute){margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-2d0da0c.elementor-social-icon i{color:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-2d0da0c.elementor-social-icon svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-c2bdbfa.elementor-social-icon i{color:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-c2bdbfa.elementor-social-icon svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-914746e.elementor-social-icon i{color:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-914746e.elementor-social-icon svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-6147791.elementor-social-icon i{color:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-6147791.elementor-social-icon svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-6035fd3.elementor-social-icon i{color:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-6035fd3.elementor-social-icon svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-ef8f8a8.elementor-social-icon i{color:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-repeater-item-ef8f8a8.elementor-social-icon svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor4 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d{--grid-template-columns:repeat(4, auto);--icon-size:20px;--grid-column-gap:5px;--grid-row-gap:0px;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-widget-container{text-align:left;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-social-icon{background-color:#00308700;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-social-icon i{color:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor5 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-social-icon svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-astglobalcolor5 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-social-icon:hover i{color:var( --e-global-color-b9c4708 );}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-social-icon:hover svg{fill:var( --e-global-color-b9c4708 );}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5386f4dc{padding:100px 25px 100px 25px;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-widget-container{text-align:center;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5386f4dc{padding:50px 20px 50px 20px;}.elementor-15363 .elementor-element.elementor-element-27fd886d .elementor-widget-container{text-align:center;}} .elementor-kit-10{--e-global-color-primary:#003087;--e-global-color-secondary:#0085CA;--e-global-color-text:#333333;--e-global-color-accent:#0085CA;--e-global-color-0e1c916:#707070;--e-global-color-b9c4708:#FFFFFF;--e-global-color-1ca0311:#0030870F;--e-global-color-30ef901:#00308726;--e-global-color-ccdeabc:#00308766;--e-global-color-239bb91:#00266A;--e-global-typography-primary-font-family:"Montserrat";--e-global-typography-primary-font-size:16px;--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight:400;--e-global-typography-primary-text-transform:none;--e-global-typography-primary-line-height:1em;--e-global-typography-secondary-font-family:"Montserrat";--e-global-typography-secondary-font-size:16px;--e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight:700;--e-global-typography-secondary-text-transform:none;--e-global-typography-secondary-font-style:normal;--e-global-typography-text-font-family:"Montserrat";--e-global-typography-text-font-size:16px;--e-global-typography-text-font-weight:400;--e-global-typography-text-text-transform:none;--e-global-typography-accent-font-family:"proxima-nova";--e-global-typography-accent-font-weight:500;--e-global-typography-5563e6c-font-family:"Montserrat";--e-global-typography-5563e6c-font-size:14px;color:var( --e-global-color-text );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-weight );text-transform:var( --e-global-typography-text-text-transform );}.elementor-kit-10 e-page-transition{background-color:#FFBC7D;}.elementor-kit-10 h1{color:var( --e-global-color-primary );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-weight );text-transform:var( --e-global-typography-primary-text-transform );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h2{color:var( --e-global-color-0e1c916 );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-weight );text-transform:var( --e-global-typography-primary-text-transform );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h3{color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-size:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-size );font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-weight );text-transform:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-text-transform );font-style:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-style );}.elementor-kit-10 h4{color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );text-transform:none;}.elementor-kit-10 h5{color:var( --e-global-color-primary );font-size:20px;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-kit-10 h6{color:var( --e-global-color-0e1c916 );font-size:18px;font-weight:600;text-transform:none;}.elementor-section.elementor-section-boxed > .elementor-container{max-width:1140px;}.e-con{--container-max-width:1140px;--container-default-padding-top:0px;--container-default-padding-right:0px;--container-default-padding-bottom:0px;--container-default-padding-left:0px;}.elementor-widget:not(:last-child){margin-block-end:20px;}.elementor-element{--widgets-spacing:20px 20px;--widgets-spacing-row:20px;--widgets-spacing-column:20px;}{}h1.entry-title{display:var(--page-title-display);}@media(max-width:1366px){.elementor-kit-10{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );}.elementor-kit-10 h1{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h2{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h3{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-size );}}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-kit-10{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );}.elementor-kit-10 h1{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h2{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h3{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-size );}.elementor-section.elementor-section-boxed > .elementor-container{max-width:1024px;}.e-con{--container-max-width:1024px;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-kit-10{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-text-font-size );}.elementor-kit-10 h1{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h2{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );line-height:var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height );}.elementor-kit-10 h3{font-size:var( --e-global-typography-secondary-font-size );}.elementor-section.elementor-section-boxed > .elementor-container{max-width:767px;}.e-con{--container-max-width:767px;}} .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-61e7d90{--display:flex;--min-height:65vh;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:flex-end;--align-items:flex-start;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-61e7d90:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-61e7d90 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background:url("https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Stockwell_Cooking-Odors-Adobestock135437564-1.jpeg") 50% 50%;background-size:cover;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-efbf740{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:75px;--padding-right:50px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fa73397{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:30px;--padding-left:50px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 300px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07{text-align:left;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:64px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.1em;text-shadow:0px 0px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.87);color:#ffffff;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f80bd27{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button{background-color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );font-size:14px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;fill:var( --e-global-color-b9c4708 );color:var( --e-global-color-b9c4708 );border-radius:100px 100px 100px 100px;padding:10px 45px 10px 45px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button:hover, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button:focus{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#28282A;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button:hover svg, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button:focus svg{fill:#28282A;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:center;--align-items:center;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:125px;--padding-bottom:80px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .elementor-shape-top .elementor-shape-fill, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-top .elementor-shape-fill{fill:var( --e-global-color-secondary );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .elementor-shape-top svg, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-top svg{height:120px;transform:translateX(-50%) rotateY(180deg);}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .elementor-shape-bottom .elementor-shape-fill, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-bottom .elementor-shape-fill{fill:var( --e-global-color-secondary );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .elementor-shape-bottom svg, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-bottom svg{height:85px;transform:translateX(-50%) rotateY(180deg);}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-daa9948{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ccf4ea9 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ccf4ea9{text-align:center;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ccf4ea9 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"Montserrat", Sans-serif;font-size:32px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none;line-height:0.4em;color:#003087;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-29edee1{--divider-border-style:solid;--divider-color:#D5D5D5;--divider-border-width:6.6px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-29edee1 .elementor-divider-separator{width:12%;margin:0 auto;margin-center:0;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-29edee1 .elementor-divider{text-align:center;padding-block-start:2px;padding-block-end:2px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-82ad715{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:space-between;--align-items:center;--gap:0px 50px;--row-gap:0px;--column-gap:50px;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-057b14e{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4c09865 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 100px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4c09865{text-align:right;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4c09865 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"Montserrat", Sans-serif;font-size:28px;font-weight:700;color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-76e967a{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:20px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-1ca0311 );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7 > .elementor-shape-top .elementor-shape-fill, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-top .elementor-shape-fill{fill:var( --e-global-color-secondary );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7 > .elementor-shape-top svg, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-top svg{height:50px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9e8ce52{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:center;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:40px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9e8ce52.e-con{--align-self:center;--flex-grow:0;--flex-shrink:0;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-de2bb9c > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-de2bb9c{text-align:center;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-de2bb9c .elementor-heading-title{font-size:32px;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3{--grid-row-gap:53px;--grid-column-gap:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3.elementor-element{--align-self:center;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-posts-container .elementor-post__thumbnail{padding-bottom:calc( 0.65 * 100% );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3:after{content:"0.65";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{width:50%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__meta-data span + span:before{content:"|";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post{border-style:solid;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__text{padding:5% 0% 0% 0%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3.elementor-posts--thumbnail-left .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{margin-right:48px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3.elementor-posts--thumbnail-right .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{margin-left:48px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3.elementor-posts--thumbnail-top .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{margin-bottom:48px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__title, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__title a{color:var( --e-global-color-text );font-family:"Montserrat", Sans-serif;font-size:35px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__title{margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__meta-data{color:var( --e-global-color-0e1c916 );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__excerpt p{color:var( --e-global-color-text );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__excerpt{margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6{--item-display:flex;--read-more-alignment:1;--grid-row-gap:35px;--grid-column-gap:30px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6.elementor-element{--align-self:center;--flex-grow:0;--flex-shrink:0;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-posts-container .elementor-post__thumbnail{padding-bottom:calc( 0.65 * 100% );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6:after{content:"0.65";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{width:100%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-post__meta-data span + span:before{content:"•";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-post__text{margin-top:20px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-post__badge{right:0;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-post__card .elementor-post__badge{background-color:var( --e-global-color-primary );margin:20px;font-weight:500;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62{--display:flex;--min-height:0px;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--align-items:center;--overlay-opacity:0.5;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:50px;--padding-right:50px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-1ca0311 );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62::before, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62 > .elementor-background-video-container::before, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-background-video-container::before, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62 > .elementor-background-slideshow::before, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-background-slideshow::before, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer::before{--background-overlay:'';}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9{--grid-row-gap:45px;width:100%;max-width:100%;--grid-column-gap:50px;--load-more-message-alignment:center;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:5% 5% 5% 5%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-posts-container .elementor-post__thumbnail{padding-bottom:calc( 0.5 * 100% );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9:after{content:"0.5";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{width:100%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__text{padding:0 20px;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__meta-data{padding:10px 20px;color:var( --e-global-color-0e1c916 );font-family:"Montserrat", Sans-serif;font-size:15px;font-weight:300;text-transform:capitalize;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__avatar{padding-right:20px;padding-left:20px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__card{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__card .elementor-post__meta-data{border-top-color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__title, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__title a{color:var( --e-global-color-text );font-family:"Montserrat", Sans-serif;font-size:16px;font-weight:600;text-transform:none;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__title{margin-bottom:15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__read-more{margin-bottom:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2f9633e{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2f9633e:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2f9633e > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:#000000;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-39f9e9b{--divider-border-style:slashes;--divider-color:#A2A2A2;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-pattern-height:15px;--divider-pattern-size:15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-39f9e9b > .elementor-widget-container{margin:20px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-39f9e9b .elementor-divider-separator{width:50%;margin:0 auto;margin-center:0;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-39f9e9b .elementor-divider{text-align:center;padding-block-start:10px;padding-block-end:10px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-45dc9922:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-45dc9922 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:#000000;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-45dc9922{transition:background 0.3s, border 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-45dc9922 > .elementor-background-overlay{transition:background 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, opacity 0.3s;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-80c5685 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:25px 0px 0px 25px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-80c5685 .elementor-heading-title{color:var( --e-global-color-b9c4708 );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b5e13c0{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-1bdc114 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-1bdc114 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cca0d2d{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75eaa16 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75eaa16 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-09fb6e2{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cce5858 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cce5858 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2334849{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-557f857 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-557f857 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2010673{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3cfa750 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3cfa750 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-df997de{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8e1e8af > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-8e1e8af .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-98ea8bc{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ebb976a > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ebb976a .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-0d7b186{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f1fe6a4 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f1fe6a4 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-cc75939{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-24339c7 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-24339c7 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-63905d2{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-223cffa > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-223cffa .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-11388c9{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c02f986 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c02f986 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-094841f{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-62fe84f > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-62fe84f .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-da9485e{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a8532a0 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a8532a0 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-aeb99cc{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3aba799 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3aba799 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-be1ac00{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2d7cedc > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2d7cedc .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-d1ec521{--display:flex;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c91d378 > .elementor-widget-container{border-radius:15px 15px 15px 15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c91d378 .elementor-wrapper{--video-aspect-ratio:0.5625;filter:brightness( 100% ) contrast( 100% ) saturate( 100% ) blur( 0px ) hue-rotate( 0deg );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37bd473{--e-n-carousel-swiper-slides-to-display:3;--e-n-carousel-swiper-slides-gap:20px;--e-n-carousel-slide-height:auto;--e-n-carousel-slide-container-height:100%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-prev-left-align:0%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-prev-translate-x:0px;--e-n-carousel-arrow-prev-left-position:-50px;--e-n-carousel-arrow-prev-top-align:50%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-prev-translate-y:-50%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-prev-top-position:0px;--e-n-carousel-arrow-next-right-align:0%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-next-translate-x:0%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-next-right-position:-50px;--e-n-carousel-arrow-next-top-align:50%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-next-translate-y:-50%;--e-n-carousel-arrow-next-top-position:0px;--e-n-carousel-arrow-size:40px;--e-n-carousel-arrow-normal-color:var( --e-global-color-secondary );--e-n-carousel-arrow-hover-color:var( --e-global-color-0e1c916 );--e-n-carousel-swiper-pagination-size:10px;--e-n-carousel-dots-normal-color:#FFFFFF;--e-n-carousel-swiper-pagination-spacing:20px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37bd473 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5c64fee{--spacer-size:75px;}body.elementor-page-258:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), body.elementor-page-258 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-b9c4708 );}:root{--page-title-display:none;}body.elementor-page-258{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-9e8ce52{--width:100%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-19a5f62{--width:100%;}}@media(max-width:1366px){.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-61e7d90{--justify-content:flex-end;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fa73397{--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:30px;--padding-right:30px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:52px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button{border-radius:100px 100px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-82ad715{--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-881425a > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 30px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 25px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__text{padding:15px 40px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3.elementor-posts--thumbnail-left .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{margin-right:35px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3.elementor-posts--thumbnail-right .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{margin-left:35px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3.elementor-posts--thumbnail-top .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{margin-bottom:35px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__title, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__title a{font-size:32px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37bd473 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 50px 0px 50px;}}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-61e7d90{--justify-content:flex-end;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-efbf740{--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fa73397{--align-items:center;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--padding-top:0%;--padding-bottom:0%;--padding-left:10%;--padding-right:10%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:55px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button{border-radius:25px 25px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-posts-container .elementor-post__thumbnail{padding-bottom:calc( 0.85 * 100% );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3:after{content:"0.85";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{width:50%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__text{padding:35px 40px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__title, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__title a{font-size:28px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9{--grid-column-gap:20px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__title, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__title a{font-size:18px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__meta-data{font-size:14px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-2f9633e{--padding-top:25px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ea96a0c{width:100%;max-width:100%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ea96a0c.elementor-element{--flex-grow:1;--flex-shrink:0;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37bd473{--e-n-carousel-swiper-slides-to-display:2;width:100%;max-width:100%;}}@media(max-width:880px){.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fa73397{--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:35px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:40px;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-61e7d90{--justify-content:flex-end;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:10px;--padding-right:15px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-fa73397{--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 25px 0px 025px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07.elementor-element{--align-self:flex-start;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07{text-align:left;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c32ec07 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:34px;letter-spacing:-0.25px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 25px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-51015dd .elementor-button{border-radius:25px 25px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .elementor-shape-top svg, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-top svg{height:50px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .elementor-shape-bottom svg, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-bottom svg{height:50px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-e580324{--padding-top:50px;--padding-bottom:59px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ccf4ea9 .elementor-heading-title{line-height:0.9em;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-29edee1 .elementor-divider-separator{width:50%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-057b14e{--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:calc( ( 1 - var( --container-widget-flex-grow ) ) * 100% );--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--align-items:flex-start;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4c09865 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 25px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4c09865{text-align:left;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4c09865 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:18px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-881425a > .elementor-widget-container{padding:15px 25px 0px 25px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7 > .elementor-shape-top svg, .elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-939f5c7 > .e-con-inner > .elementor-shape-top svg{height:25px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-de2bb9c > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 30px 0px 30px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-posts-container .elementor-post__thumbnail{padding-bottom:calc( 0.5 * 100% );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3:after{content:"0.5";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a7b53d3 .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{width:100%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:10px 20px 10px 020px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6.elementor-element{--align-self:flex-start;--flex-grow:0;--flex-shrink:0;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-posts-container .elementor-post__thumbnail{padding-bottom:calc( 0.65 * 100% );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6:after{content:"0.65";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ae961e6 .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{width:100%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:15% 0% 30% 0%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-posts-container .elementor-post__thumbnail{padding-bottom:calc( 0.5 * 100% );}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9:after{content:"0.5";}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3fbe8e9 .elementor-post__thumbnail__link{width:100%;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-ea96a0c > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-80c5685 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:10px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37bd473{--e-n-carousel-swiper-slides-to-display:1;}.elementor-258 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37bd473 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;}}/* Start custom CSS for button, class: .elementor-element-51015dd */.elementor-button { min-width: 150px; }/* End custom CSS */ /* Start custom CSS for posts, class: .elementor-element-a7b53d3 */.line-height .elementor-post__excerpt, .line-height .elementor-post__excerpt p, .line-height .elementor-post__excerpt a p{ -webkit-line-clamp: 8; display: -webkit-box; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; overflow: hidden; } .elementor-post__excerpt p:after { content: "..."; }/* End custom CSS */ .elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3f17b047:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3f17b047 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:var( --e-global-color-b9c4708 );}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3f17b047 > .elementor-container{max-width:500px;min-height:545px;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3f17b047{transition:background 0.3s, border 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;padding:0% 4% 0% 4%;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3f17b047 > .elementor-background-overlay{transition:background 0.3s, border-radius 0.3s, opacity 0.3s;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-731a8f8a > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0% 0% 6% 0%;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-731a8f8a{text-align:center;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-731a8f8a .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"Montserrat", Sans-serif;font-size:35px;font-weight:600;text-transform:none;color:var( --e-global-color-text );}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-25968151 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px -20px 0px;padding:0% 4% 6% 4%;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-25968151{text-align:center;font-family:"DM Sans", Sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:normal;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;line-height:22px;color:var( --e-global-color-text );}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-408ab9b > .elementor-container > .elementor-column > .elementor-widget-wrap{align-content:center;align-items:center;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-408ab9b > .elementor-container{max-width:500px;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ef7fea .elementor-button{background-color:#003087;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;fill:#FFFFFF;color:#FFFFFF;border-radius:100px 100px 100px 100px;padding:10px 45px 10px 45px;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ef7fea .elementor-button:hover, .elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ef7fea .elementor-button:focus{background-color:var( --e-global-color-239bb91 );color:#FFFFFF;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ef7fea > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ef7fea .elementor-button:hover svg, .elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ef7fea .elementor-button:focus svg{fill:#FFFFFF;}#elementor-popup-modal-641 .dialog-widget-content{animation-duration:1s;background-color:#F1F1F1;}#elementor-popup-modal-641{background-color:#1B1B1B99;justify-content:center;align-items:center;pointer-events:all;}#elementor-popup-modal-641 .dialog-message{width:722px;height:auto;}#elementor-popup-modal-641 .dialog-close-button{display:flex;}#elementor-popup-modal-641 .dialog-close-button i{color:#1B1B1B;}#elementor-popup-modal-641 .dialog-close-button svg{fill:#1B1B1B;}@media(max-width:1024px){#elementor-popup-modal-641 .dialog-message{width:90vw;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3f17b047 > .elementor-container{min-height:555px;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-3f17b047{padding:2% 6% 2% 6%;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-731a8f8a > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0% 0% 16% 0%;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-25968151 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0% 0% 8% 0%;}.elementor-641 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5ef7fea > .elementor-widget-container{padding:15px 0px 0px 0px;}#elementor-popup-modal-641 .dialog-message{width:88vw;}}/* Start custom CSS for button, class: .elementor-element-5ef7fea */.elementor-button { min-width: 150px; }/* End custom CSS */ </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-heading-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-heading.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-animation-fadeIn-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/animations/styles/fadeIn.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-popup-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/conditionals/popup.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/eicons/css/elementor-icons.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-5-all-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/all.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-4-shim-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/v4-shims.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-divider-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-divider.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-shapes-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/conditionals/shapes.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-posts-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-posts.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-menu-anchor-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-menu-anchor.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-video-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-video.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='swiper-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/swiper/v8/css/swiper.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-swiper-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/conditionals/e-swiper.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-nested-carousel-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-nested-carousel.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-spacer-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-spacer.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='style_login_widget-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/miniorange-oauth-oidc-single-sign-on/resources/css/style_login_widget.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newsletter-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/newsletter/style.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-variables-skeleton-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/variables-skeleton.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-variables-full-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/variables-full.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-v2-virtual-single-block-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/events-virtual-single-block.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='searchwp-forms-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/searchwp/assets/css/frontend/search-forms.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-child-theme-css-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/themes/astra-child/style.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-official-v4shim-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.2.1/css/v4-shims.css' media='all' integrity="sha384-RreHPODFsMyzCpG+dKnwxOSjmjkuPWWdYP8sLpBRoSd8qPNJwaxKGUdxhQOKwUc7" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-gf-local-montserrat-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/elementor/google-fonts/css/montserrat.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-gf-local-dmsans-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/elementor/google-fonts/css/dmsans.css' media='all' /> <!--[if IE]> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/js/minified/flexibility.min.js" id="astra-flexibility-js"></script> <script id="astra-flexibility-js-after"> flexibility(document.documentElement); </script> <![endif]--> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://player.vimeo.com/api/player.js" id="vimeo-for-wordpress-player-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/js/v4-shims.min.js" id="font-awesome-4-shim-js"></script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit --> <script src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-5MXL59L" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script> <script id="google_gtagjs-js-after"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["research.noaa.gov"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "GT-5MXL59L"); </script> <!-- End Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/258" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://research.noaa.gov/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://research.noaa.gov/' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.noaa.gov%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.noaa.gov%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.149.1" /><meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://research.noaa.gov"><link rel="alternate" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://46ff9d09ced0.edge.sdk.awswaf.com/46ff9d09ced0/d1243f06bfeb/challenge.js" defer></script> <meta name="generator" content="Elementor 3.28.3; features: additional_custom_breakpoints, e_local_google_fonts; settings: css_print_method-internal, google_font-enabled, font_display-auto"> <style> .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } @media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-height: 640px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } </style> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/uswds/3.3.0/js/uswds-init.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/uswds/3.3.0/css/uswds.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/uswds/3.3.0/js/uswds.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official website of the United States government" > <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img aria-hidden="true" class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/us_flag_small.png" alt="" /> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto" aria-hidden="true"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text"> An official website of the United States government </p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action">Here’s how you know</p> </div> <button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default-default" > <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default-default" > <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true" /> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong><br />A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true" /> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong><br />A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock" ><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-description-default" focusable="false" > <title id="banner-lock-title-default">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description-default">Locked padlock icon</desc> <path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z" /> </svg> </span >) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section><script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/ad2b68bdda.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script><link rel="icon" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/NOAA_FavIcon.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/NOAA_FavIcon.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/NOAA_FavIcon.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/NOAA_FavIcon.png" /> </head> <body itemtype='https://schema.org/WebPage' itemscope='itemscope' class="home page-template page-template-elementor_header_footer page page-id-258 wp-custom-logo tribe-no-js ast-desktop ast-page-builder-template ast-no-sidebar astra-4.9.0 group-blog ast-single-post ast-inherit-site-logo-transparent ast-hfb-header ast-full-width-layout ast-inherit-site-logo-sticky ast-primary-sticky-enabled ast-normal-title-enabled elementor-default elementor-template-full-width elementor-kit-10 elementor-page elementor-page-258 astra-addon-4.9.2"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content" title="Skip to content"> Skip to content</a> <div class="hfeed site" id="page"> <header class="site-header header-main-layout-1 ast-primary-menu-enabled ast-logo-title-inline ast-hide-custom-menu-mobile ast-builder-menu-toggle-link ast-mobile-header-inline" id="masthead" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPHeader" itemscope="itemscope" itemid="#masthead" > <div id="ast-desktop-header" data-toggle-type="dropdown"> <div class="ast-main-header-wrap main-header-bar-wrap "> <div class="ast-primary-header-bar ast-primary-header main-header-bar site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="site-primary-header-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-header-focus-item ast-container" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-builder-grid-row-no-center"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="title_tagline"> <div class="site-branding ast-site-identity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" itemscope="itemscope" > <span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home" aria-current="page" data-wpel-link="internal"><img src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/NOAA_Research_Emblem_White.svg" class="custom-logo" alt="NOAA Research" decoding="async" /></a><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/" class="sticky-custom-logo" rel="home" itemprop="url" data-wpel-link="internal"></a></span> </div> <!-- .site-branding --> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item ast-header-search" data-section="section-header-search"> <div class="ast-search-menu-icon slide-search" > <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://research.noaa.gov/"> <label for="search-field"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" id="search-field" class="search-field" placeholder="Search Our Site" value="" name="s" tabindex="-1"> <button class="search-submit ast-search-submit" aria-label="Search Submit"> <span hidden>Search</span> <i><span class="ast-icon icon-search"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="-893 477 142 142" enable-background="new -888 480 142 142" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M-787.4,568.7h-6.3l-2.4-2.4c7.9-8.7,12.6-20.5,12.6-33.1c0-28.4-22.9-51.3-51.3-51.3 c-28.4,0-51.3,22.9-51.3,51.3c0,28.4,22.9,51.3,51.3,51.3c12.6,0,24.4-4.7,33.1-12.6l2.4,2.4v6.3l39.4,39.4l11.8-11.8L-787.4,568.7 L-787.4,568.7z M-834.7,568.7c-19.7,0-35.5-15.8-35.5-35.5c0-19.7,15.8-35.5,35.5-35.5c19.7,0,35.5,15.8,35.5,35.5 C-799.3,553-815,568.7-834.7,568.7L-834.7,568.7z" /> </svg></span></i> </button> </label> </form> <div class="ast-search-icon"> <a class="slide-search astra-search-icon" aria-label="Search icon link" href="#"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span> <span class="ast-icon icon-search icon-search"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'><path d='M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z'></path></svg></span></span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ast-builder-menu-1 ast-builder-menu ast-flex ast-builder-menu-1-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-hb-menu-1"> <div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div class="main-header-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility site-header-focus-item" id="primary-site-navigation-desktop" aria-label="Site Navigation: Primary Mega Menu" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="main-navigation ast-inline-flex"><ul id="ast-hf-menu-1" class="main-header-menu ast-menu-shadow ast-nav-menu ast-flex submenu-with-border astra-menu-animation-slide-down stack-on-mobile ast-mega-menu-enabled"><li id="menu-item-8320" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-8320 astra-megamenu-li full-width-mega"><a aria-expanded="false" href="#" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text"><i class="fa-solid fa-bars"></i></span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <div class="astra-full-megamenu-wrapper ast-hidden astra-megamenu-has-divider"> <ul class="astra-megamenu sub-menu astra-mega-menu-width-full astra-megamenu-has-divider ast-hidden"> <li id="menu-item-15347" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15347 menu-item-heading"><span href="javascript:void(0)" class="ast-disable-link menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text"><span style="color:white;font-weight:bold">Who We Are</span></span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></span><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-15346" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15346"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/about-us/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">About NOAA Research</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-15343" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15343"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/labs-programs/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Labs &#038; Programs</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-15344" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15344"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/external-affairs/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Budget &#038; Strategy</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-30183" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-30183"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/products-resources/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Products &#038; Resources</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-15345" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15345"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/labs-programs/international-activities/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">International Activities</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15348" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15348 menu-item-heading"><span href="javascript:void(0)" class="ast-disable-link menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text"><span style="color:white;font-weight:bold">News &#038; Events</span></span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></span><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-8324" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8324"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/news/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">NOAA Research News</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-15349" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15349"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/news/scientist-profiles/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Meet Our People</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8322" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8322"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/oar-events/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Events</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15350" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15350 menu-item-heading"><span href="javascript:void(0)" class="ast-disable-link menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text"><span style="color:white;font-weight:bold">Get Involved</span></span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></span><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-29937" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-29937"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/careers/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Careers</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-15351" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15351"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/external-affairs/students/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Student Opportunities</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-30182" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-30182"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/partnerships-funding/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Partnerships &#038; Funding</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-15352" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-15352"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/contact/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Contact</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-15354" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15354 menu-item-heading"><span href="javascript:void(0)" class="ast-disable-link menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text"><span style="color:white;font-weight:bold">Stay Connected</span></span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></span><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-15355" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15355 menu-item-heading"><a href="#" class="ast-hide-menu-item menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Stay Connected</span></a><div class="ast-mm-custom-content ast-mm-template-content"> <div data-elementor-type="section" data-elementor-id="15363" class="elementor elementor-15363" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5386f4dc elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="5386f4dc" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75ae727c" data-id="75ae727c" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-27fd886d e-grid-align-left e-grid-align-mobile-center e-grid-align-tablet-center elementor-grid-4 elementor-shape-rounded elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons" data-id="27fd886d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="social-icons.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid"> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-facebook-f elementor-animation-push elementor-repeater-item-2d0da0c" href="https://www.facebook.com/NOAAResearch/" target="_blank" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Facebook-f</span> <i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-linkedin elementor-animation-push elementor-repeater-item-c2bdbfa" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/noaaresearch" target="_blank" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Linkedin</span> <i class="fab fa-linkedin"></i> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-twitter elementor-animation-push elementor-repeater-item-914746e" href="https://twitter.com/NOAAResearch" target="_blank" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Twitter</span> <i class="fab fa-twitter"></i> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-instagram elementor-animation-push elementor-repeater-item-6147791" href="https://www.instagram.com/noaaresearch/" target="_blank" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Instagram</span> <i class="fab fa-instagram"></i> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-youtube elementor-animation-push elementor-repeater-item-6035fd3" href="https://www.youtube.com/@noaaresearch2210" target="_blank" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Youtube</span> <i class="fab fa-youtube"></i> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-vimeo elementor-animation-push elementor-repeater-item-ef8f8a8" href="http://vimeo.com/noaaresearch" target="_blank" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Vimeo</span> <i class="fab fa-vimeo"></i> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></li> </ul> </li></ul> </li></ul></div></nav></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Main Header Bar Wrap --> <div id="ast-mobile-header" class="ast-mobile-header-wrap " data-type="dropdown"> <div class="ast-main-header-wrap main-header-bar-wrap" > <div class="ast-primary-header-bar ast-primary-header main-header-bar site-primary-header-wrap site-header-focus-item ast-builder-grid-row-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-layout-default" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-builder-grid-row-no-center"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="title_tagline"> <div class="site-branding ast-site-identity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" itemscope="itemscope" > <span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home" aria-current="page" data-wpel-link="internal"><img src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/NOAA_Research_Emblem_White.svg" class="custom-logo" alt="NOAA Research" decoding="async" /></a><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/" class="sticky-custom-logo" rel="home" itemprop="url" data-wpel-link="internal"></a></span> </div> <!-- .site-branding --> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"> <div class="ast-button-wrap"> <button type="button" class="menu-toggle main-header-menu-toggle ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Main Menu</span> <span class="mobile-menu-toggle-icon"> <span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg class='ast-mobile-svg ast-menu-svg' fill='currentColor' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M3 13h18c0.552 0 1-0.448 1-1s-0.448-1-1-1h-18c-0.552 0-1 0.448-1 1s0.448 1 1 1zM3 7h18c0.552 0 1-0.448 1-1s-0.448-1-1-1h-18c-0.552 0-1 0.448-1 1s0.448 1 1 1zM3 19h18c0.552 0 1-0.448 1-1s-0.448-1-1-1h-18c-0.552 0-1 0.448-1 1s0.448 1 1 1z'></path></svg></span><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg class='ast-mobile-svg ast-close-svg' fill='currentColor' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M5.293 6.707l5.293 5.293-5.293 5.293c-0.391 0.391-0.391 1.024 0 1.414s1.024 0.391 1.414 0l5.293-5.293 5.293 5.293c0.391 0.391 1.024 0.391 1.414 0s0.391-1.024 0-1.414l-5.293-5.293 5.293-5.293c0.391-0.391 0.391-1.024 0-1.414s-1.024-0.391-1.414 0l-5.293 5.293-5.293-5.293c-0.391-0.391-1.024-0.391-1.414 0s-0.391 1.024 0 1.414z'></path></svg></span> </span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ast-mobile-header-content content-align-flex-start "> <div class="ast-builder-menu-mobile ast-builder-menu ast-builder-menu-mobile-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-header-mobile-menu"> <div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div class="main-header-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility site-header-focus-item" id="ast-mobile-site-navigation" aria-label="Site Navigation: Mobile Menu" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="main-navigation"><ul id="ast-hf-mobile-menu" class="main-header-menu ast-nav-menu ast-flex submenu-with-border astra-menu-animation-fade stack-on-mobile ast-mega-menu-enabled"><li id="menu-item-7917" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home current-menu-item page_item page-item-258 current_page_item menu-item-7917"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Home</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-29337" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-29337"><a aria-expanded="false" href="#" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">News &#038; Events</span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-7910" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7910"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/news/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">NOAA Research News</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7909" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7909"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/news/scientist-profiles/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Meet Our People</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7908" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7908"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/oar-events/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Events</span></a></li></ul> </li><li id="menu-item-7914" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-7914"><a aria-expanded="false" href="https://research.noaa.gov/about-us/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">About Us</span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-7915" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-7915"><a aria-expanded="false" href="https://research.noaa.gov/labs-programs/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Labs &#038; Programs</span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-8314" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8314"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/labs-programs/lab-and-programs-reviews/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Lab &#038; Program Reviews</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-7911" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7911"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/labs-programs/international-activities/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">International Activities</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7916" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7916"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/external-affairs/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Budget &#038; Strategy</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-30191" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-30191"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/products-resources/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Products &#038; Resources</span></a></li></ul> </li><li id="menu-item-29336" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-29336"><a aria-expanded="false" href="#" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Get Involved</span><span role="application" class="dropdown-menu-toggle ast-header-navigation-arrow" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Menu Toggle" ><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></span></a><button class="ast-menu-toggle" aria-expanded="false"><span class="screen-reader-text">Menu Toggle</span><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span></button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-29936" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-29936"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/careers/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Careers</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8318" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8318"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/external-affairs/students/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Student Opportunities</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-30190" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-30190"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/partnerships-funding/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Partnerships &#038; Funding</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7913" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-7913"><a href="https://research.noaa.gov/contact/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="internal"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Contact</span></a></li></ul> </li></ul></div></nav></div></div> </div> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item ast-header-search" data-section="section-header-search"> <div class="ast-search-menu-icon search-box ast-inline-search"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://research.noaa.gov/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search Our Site" value="" name="s" /> </label> <button type="submit" class="search-submit normal-search" value="Search" aria-label="Search"><i class="astra-search-icon"> <span class="ast-icon icon-search icon-search"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'><path d='M505 442.7L405.3 343c-4.5-4.5-10.6-7-17-7H372c27.6-35.3 44-79.7 44-128C416 93.1 322.9 0 208 0S0 93.1 0 208s93.1 208 208 208c48.3 0 92.7-16.4 128-44v16.3c0 6.4 2.5 12.5 7 17l99.7 99.7c9.4 9.4 24.6 9.4 33.9 0l28.3-28.3c9.4-9.4 9.4-24.6.1-34zM208 336c-70.7 0-128-57.2-128-128 0-70.7 57.2-128 128-128 70.7 0 128 57.2 128 128 0 70.7-57.2 128-128 128z'></path></svg></span></span> </i></button> </form></div> </div> </div> </div> </header><!-- #masthead --> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div class="ast-container"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-page" data-elementor-id="258" class="elementor elementor-258" data-elementor-post-type="page"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-61e7d90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="61e7d90" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;video&quot;,&quot;background_video_link&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/vimeo.com\/1069214766?share=copy&quot;}"> <div class="elementor-background-video-container elementor-hidden-mobile"> <div class="elementor-background-video-embed"></div> </div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-efbf740 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="efbf740" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fa73397 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="fa73397" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c32ec07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="c32ec07" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Ozone pollution: Cooking emissions a major contributor</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f80bd27 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="f80bd27" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-51015dd elementor-align-left elementor-mobile-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="51015dd" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md" href="https://research.noaa.gov/cooking-emissions-rival-fossil-fuels-as-an-ozone-pollution-source-in-los-angeles/" rel="nofollow"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Read more</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e580324 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="e580324" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;opacity-tilt&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;opacity-tilt&quot;}"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-shape elementor-shape-top" data-negative="false"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 2600 131.1" preserveAspectRatio="none"> <path class="elementor-shape-fill" d="M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 0z"/> <path class="elementor-shape-fill" style="opacity:0.5" d="M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 69.1z"/> <path class="elementor-shape-fill" style="opacity:0.25" d="M2600 0L0 0 0 130.1 2600 69.1z"/> </svg> </div> <div class="elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom" data-negative="false"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 2600 131.1" preserveAspectRatio="none"> <path class="elementor-shape-fill" d="M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 0z"/> <path class="elementor-shape-fill" style="opacity:0.5" d="M0 0L2600 0 2600 69.1 0 69.1z"/> <path class="elementor-shape-fill" style="opacity:0.25" d="M2600 0L0 0 0 130.1 2600 69.1z"/> </svg> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-daa9948 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="daa9948" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ccf4ea9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ccf4ea9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About NOAA Research</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-29edee1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="29edee1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-82ad715 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="82ad715" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-057b14e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="057b14e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4c09865 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="4c09865" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">NOAA Research enables better forecasts, earlier warnings for natural disasters, and a greater understanding of the Earth.​</h2> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-76e967a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="76e967a" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-881425a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="881425a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)—or “NOAA Research”—provides the research foundation for understanding the complex systems that support our planet.<br /><br />Working in partnership with other organizational units of the <a href="http://www.noaa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" class="wpel-icon-right">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<i class="wpel-icon dashicons-before dashicons-external" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>, a bureau of the <a href="http://www.commerce.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noopener nofollow external noreferrer" data-wpel-link="external" class="wpel-icon-right">Department of Commerce<i class="wpel-icon dashicons-before dashicons-external" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>, NOAA Research enables better forecasts, earlier warnings for natural disasters, and a greater understanding of the Earth.<br /><br />Our role is to provide unbiased science to better manage the environment, nationally, and globally.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-939f5c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="939f5c7" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;tilt&quot;}"> <div class="elementor-shape elementor-shape-top" data-negative="false"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1000 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"> <path class="elementor-shape-fill" d="M0,6V0h1000v100L0,6z"/> </svg> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9e8ce52 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="9e8ce52" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-de2bb9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="de2bb9c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Latest Research News</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a7b53d3 elementor-grid-1 elementor-grid-tablet-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-left elementor-posts--align-left line-height elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts" data-id="a7b53d3" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:53,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}" data-widget_type="posts.classic"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid"> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32673 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-aoml category-hurricanes tag-aircraft tag-aircraft-safety tag-hurricane-hunters tag-hurricanes tag-joe-cione tag-omao"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/after-rugged-flight-hurricane-scientists-create-system-to-measure-aircraft-bumpiness/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> <div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="576" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-1024x576.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-32674" alt="Back of the heads of three hurricane hunter pilots looking out through the cockpit&#039;s window at Hurricane Beryl&#039;s stormy clouds. A stuffed Kermit the Frog hangs from a hook in the window." srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-300x169.jpg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-768x432.jpg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller.jpg 1440w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></div> </a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/after-rugged-flight-hurricane-scientists-create-system-to-measure-aircraft-bumpiness/" data-wpel-link="internal"> After rugged flight, hurricane scientists create system to measure aircraft bumpiness </a> </h3> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> March 31, 2025 </span> </div> <div class="elementor-post__excerpt"> <p>Research could improve aircraft safety Soon after returning from a particularly turbulent flight into the eye of Hurricane Ian, a group of scientists asked the question: Was this the bumpiest flight ever aboard a NOAA Lockheed WP-3D Orion aircraft, better known as a P-3 hurricane hunter? NOAA flies hurricane hunter</p> </div> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/after-rugged-flight-hurricane-scientists-create-system-to-measure-aircraft-bumpiness/" aria-label="Read more about After rugged flight, hurricane scientists create system to measure aircraft bumpiness" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ae961e6 elementor-grid-1 elementor-posts--align-left elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-laptop elementor-hidden-mobile_extra elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-card-shadow-yes elementor-posts__hover-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts" data-id="ae961e6" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;cards_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;cards_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:35,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}" data-widget_type="posts.cards"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-cards elementor-grid"> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32673 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-aoml category-hurricanes tag-aircraft tag-aircraft-safety tag-hurricane-hunters tag-hurricanes tag-joe-cione tag-omao"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/after-rugged-flight-hurricane-scientists-create-system-to-measure-aircraft-bumpiness/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img decoding="async" width="300" height="169" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-300x169.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-32674" alt="Back of the heads of three hurricane hunter pilots looking out through the cockpit&#039;s window at Hurricane Beryl&#039;s stormy clouds. A stuffed Kermit the Frog hangs from a hook in the window." srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-300x169.jpg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller-768x432.jpg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/HurricaneHunterCockpit_Kermit_Cropped_Smaller.jpg 1440w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__badge">Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory</div> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/after-rugged-flight-hurricane-scientists-create-system-to-measure-aircraft-bumpiness/" data-wpel-link="internal"> After rugged flight, hurricane scientists create system to measure aircraft bumpiness </a> </h3> <div class="elementor-post__excerpt"> <p>Research could improve aircraft safety Soon after returning from a particularly turbulent flight into the eye of Hurricane Ian, a group of scientists asked the question: Was this the bumpiest flight ever aboard a NOAA Lockheed WP-3D Orion aircraft, better known as a P-3 hurricane hunter? NOAA flies hurricane hunter</p> </div> <div class="elementor-post__read-more-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/after-rugged-flight-hurricane-scientists-create-system-to-measure-aircraft-bumpiness/" aria-label="Read more about After rugged flight, hurricane scientists create system to measure aircraft bumpiness" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> March 31, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-19a5f62 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="19a5f62" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3fbe8e9 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-grid-3 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-card-shadow-yes elementor-posts__hover-gradient load-more-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts" data-id="3fbe8e9" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;pagination_type&quot;:&quot;load_more_on_click&quot;,&quot;cards_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:45,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_columns&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;cards_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;cards_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;cards_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;load_more_spinner&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-spinner&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;}}" data-widget_type="posts.cards"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-cards elementor-grid"> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32639 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-great-lakes category-glerl tag-aquatic-species tag-database tag-glansis tag-great-lakes tag-great-lakes-environmental-research-laboratory tag-invasive-species"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/identifying-the-great-lakes-top-ten-most-impactful-aquatic-invaders/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img decoding="async" width="300" height="200" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/AdobeStock_211207184-300x200.jpeg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-32640" alt="A close-up photograph of a group of lamprey eels, showing their circular, suction-cup-like mouths lined with concentric rings of sharp teeth. The eels have a bluish-green hue, and their mouths appear to glow due to the lighting. The image captures the eerie and alien-like appearance of these jawless fish." srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/AdobeStock_211207184-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/AdobeStock_211207184-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/AdobeStock_211207184-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/AdobeStock_211207184-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/AdobeStock_211207184-2048x1366.jpeg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/identifying-the-great-lakes-top-ten-most-impactful-aquatic-invaders/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Identifying the Great Lakes top ten most impactful aquatic invaders </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/identifying-the-great-lakes-top-ten-most-impactful-aquatic-invaders/" aria-label="Read more about Identifying the Great Lakes top ten most impactful aquatic invaders" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> March 28, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32603 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-csl category-climate category-oar tag-chemical-sciences-laboratory tag-cires tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-climate-intervention tag-dsrc tag-marine-cloud-brightening tag-mcb tag-noaa tag-sai tag-solar-radiation-management tag-stratospheric-aerosol-injection"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/injecting-light-reflecting-particles-into-the-stratosphere-could-also-make-marine-clouds-brighter/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="143" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NASA-marine-clouds-iss059e036734_lrg-300x143.jpeg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-32602" alt="A photo showing extensive, low-level clouds over the North Pacific ocean in 2019." srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NASA-marine-clouds-iss059e036734_lrg-300x143.jpeg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NASA-marine-clouds-iss059e036734_lrg-1024x487.jpeg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NASA-marine-clouds-iss059e036734_lrg-768x365.jpeg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NASA-marine-clouds-iss059e036734_lrg-1536x731.jpeg 1536w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/NASA-marine-clouds-iss059e036734_lrg-2048x974.jpeg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/injecting-light-reflecting-particles-into-the-stratosphere-could-also-make-marine-clouds-brighter/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Injecting light-reflecting particles into the stratosphere could also make marine clouds brighter </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/injecting-light-reflecting-particles-into-the-stratosphere-could-also-make-marine-clouds-brighter/" aria-label="Read more about Injecting light-reflecting particles into the stratosphere could also make marine clouds brighter" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> March 24, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32541 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-air-quality category-csl category-uncategorized tag-air-quality tag-chemical-sciences-laboratory tag-csl tag-dsrc tag-los-angeles tag-noaa-research tag-ozone tag-sunvex"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/cooking-emissions-rival-fossil-fuels-as-an-ozone-pollution-source-in-los-angeles/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="167" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Stockwell_Cooking-Odors-Adobestock135437564-1-300x167.jpeg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-32545" alt="A photo of a spoon drizzling drippings from the bottom of a cast iron pan over a steak." srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Stockwell_Cooking-Odors-Adobestock135437564-1-300x167.jpeg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Stockwell_Cooking-Odors-Adobestock135437564-1-1024x569.jpeg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Stockwell_Cooking-Odors-Adobestock135437564-1-768x427.jpeg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Stockwell_Cooking-Odors-Adobestock135437564-1-1536x854.jpeg 1536w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Stockwell_Cooking-Odors-Adobestock135437564-1.jpeg 1800w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/cooking-emissions-rival-fossil-fuels-as-an-ozone-pollution-source-in-los-angeles/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Cooking emissions rival fossil fuels as an ozone pollution source in Los Angeles </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/cooking-emissions-rival-fossil-fuels-as-an-ozone-pollution-source-in-los-angeles/" aria-label="Read more about Cooking emissions rival fossil fuels as an ozone pollution source in Los Angeles" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> March 13, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32504 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-constituents category-programs category-sea-grant category-weather category-weather-program-office tag-clemson-university tag-hurricanes tag-noaa tag-sea-grant tag-social-science tag-storm-surge tag-university-of-georgia tag-virtual-reality tag-weather-program-office"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/bringing-storm-surge-to-virtual-reality/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="226" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/VR-300x226.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-32506" alt="" srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/VR-300x226.jpg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/VR.jpg 512w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/bringing-storm-surge-to-virtual-reality/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Bringing storm surge to virtual reality </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/bringing-storm-surge-to-virtual-reality/" aria-label="Read more about Bringing storm surge to virtual reality" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> March 11, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32484 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-weather tag-forecast tag-hafs tag-hurricane tag-weather tag-wofs"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/three-ways-noaa-research-works-to-improve-our-weather-forecasts/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/NOAA_Slide50441-300x200.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-28934" alt="" srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/NOAA_Slide50441-300x200.jpg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/NOAA_Slide50441-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/NOAA_Slide50441-768x512.jpg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/NOAA_Slide50441-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/NOAA_Slide50441-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/three-ways-noaa-research-works-to-improve-our-weather-forecasts/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Three ways NOAA Research works to improve our weather forecasts </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/three-ways-noaa-research-works-to-improve-our-weather-forecasts/" aria-label="Read more about Three ways NOAA Research works to improve our weather forecasts" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> March 5, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32280 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-gsl category-labs category-oar category-psl category-weather category-weather-program-office tag-artificial-intelligence tag-brightband tag-climate-change tag-crada tag-dsrc tag-global-systems-laboratory tag-national-centers-for-environmental-information tag-ncei tag-noaa tag-partnerships tag-physical-science-laboratory tag-technology-partnership-office tag-weather-models tag-weather-observations tag-weather-program-office"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/noaa-partners-with-brightband-to-make-observational-data-ai-ready/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="109" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ai-ready-data-2-300x109.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-32281" alt="A futuristic digital landscape featuring a glowing holographic Earth surrounded by data-driven visual elements, such as grids, network connections, and interface icons. The image conveys the concept of &quot;AI-ready data&quot; by representing a highly interconnected and structured data ecosystem, enabling seamless analysis, visualization, and decision-making powered by artificial intelligence." srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ai-ready-data-2-300x109.jpg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ai-ready-data-2-1024x371.jpg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ai-ready-data-2-768x278.jpg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ai-ready-data-2-1536x557.jpg 1536w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/ai-ready-data-2-2048x743.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/noaa-partners-with-brightband-to-make-observational-data-ai-ready/" data-wpel-link="internal"> NOAA partners with Brightband to make observational data AI-ready </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/noaa-partners-with-brightband-to-make-observational-data-ai-ready/" aria-label="Read more about NOAA partners with Brightband to make observational data AI-ready" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> February 6, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-32061 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-climate category-great-lakes category-glerl category-oar category-research-headlines tag-climate-change tag-environmental-research-letters tag-glerl tag-great-lakes-ice tag-ice tag-lake-huron tag-lakes tag-winter"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/winter-is-becoming-shorter-in-the-waters-of-the-great-lakes/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/53472100923_d7ad58d296_k-300x225.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-32065" alt="An ice-covered beach along side a frozen lake" srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/53472100923_d7ad58d296_k-300x225.jpg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/53472100923_d7ad58d296_k-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/53472100923_d7ad58d296_k-768x576.jpg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/53472100923_d7ad58d296_k-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/53472100923_d7ad58d296_k.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/winter-is-becoming-shorter-in-the-waters-of-the-great-lakes/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Winter is becoming shorter in the waters of the Great Lakes </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/winter-is-becoming-shorter-in-the-waters-of-the-great-lakes/" aria-label="Read more about Winter is becoming shorter in the waters of the Great Lakes" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> January 16, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-31763 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-csl category-climate tag-chemical-sciences-laboratory tag-cires tag-climate tag-climate-change tag-dsrc tag-marine-cloud-brightening tag-solar-geoengineering"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/scientists-turn-to-artificial-intelligence-to-assess-the-warming-effect-of-reduced-pollution/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="160" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/NESDIS-NE-PAC-NOAA-20_24Jan2022-300x160.jpeg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-29456" alt="Satellite image showing marine stratus clouds and linear &quot;ship-track&quot; exhaust plumes." srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/NESDIS-NE-PAC-NOAA-20_24Jan2022-300x160.jpeg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/NESDIS-NE-PAC-NOAA-20_24Jan2022-1024x547.jpeg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/NESDIS-NE-PAC-NOAA-20_24Jan2022-768x410.jpeg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/NESDIS-NE-PAC-NOAA-20_24Jan2022.jpeg 1136w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/scientists-turn-to-artificial-intelligence-to-assess-the-warming-effect-of-reduced-pollution/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Scientists turn to artificial intelligence to assess the warming effect of reduced pollution </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/scientists-turn-to-artificial-intelligence-to-assess-the-warming-effect-of-reduced-pollution/" aria-label="Read more about Scientists turn to artificial intelligence to assess the warming effect of reduced pollution" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> January 13, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-31748 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-arctic category-climate category-pmel category-uncategorized category-weather tag-arctic tag-cicoes tag-forecasts tag-noaa tag-pacific-marine-environmental-laboratory tag-polar-vortex tag-university-of-washington tag-weather"> <div class="elementor-post__card"> <a class="elementor-post__thumbnail__link" href="https://research.noaa.gov/improving-prediction-of-arctic-outbreaks-across-the-northern-hemisphere/" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"><div class="elementor-post__thumbnail"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="300" height="142" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/PHOTO-Winter-Storm-Jonas-in-the-Bronx-iStock-506790112-012316-1125x534-Landscape-300x142.jpg" class="attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-31739" alt="A person treks down a street filled with snow during a heavy winter storm that hit the Bronx, New York on January 23, 2016" srcset="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/PHOTO-Winter-Storm-Jonas-in-the-Bronx-iStock-506790112-012316-1125x534-Landscape-300x142.jpg 300w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/PHOTO-Winter-Storm-Jonas-in-the-Bronx-iStock-506790112-012316-1125x534-Landscape-1024x486.jpg 1024w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/PHOTO-Winter-Storm-Jonas-in-the-Bronx-iStock-506790112-012316-1125x534-Landscape-768x365.jpg 768w, https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/PHOTO-Winter-Storm-Jonas-in-the-Bronx-iStock-506790112-012316-1125x534-Landscape.jpg 1125w" sizes="(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px" /></div></a> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <h3 class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://research.noaa.gov/improving-prediction-of-arctic-outbreaks-across-the-northern-hemisphere/" data-wpel-link="internal"> Improving prediction of Arctic outbreaks across the Northern Hemisphere </a> </h3> <a class="elementor-post__read-more" href="https://research.noaa.gov/improving-prediction-of-arctic-outbreaks-across-the-northern-hemisphere/" aria-label="Read more about Improving prediction of Arctic outbreaks across the Northern Hemisphere" tabindex="-1" data-wpel-link="internal"> Read More » </a> </div> <div class="elementor-post__meta-data"> <span class="elementor-post-date"> January 7, 2025 </span> </div> </div> </article> </div> <span class="e-load-more-spinner"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-spinner"></i> </span> <div class="e-load-more-anchor" data-page="1" data-max-page="267" data-next-page="https://research.noaa.gov/page/2/"></div> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a href="#" class="elementor-button-link elementor-button" role="button"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Load More</span> </span> </a> </div> <div class="e-load-more-message"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2f9633e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="2f9633e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ee4d3a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor" data-id="ee4d3a4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="menu-anchor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-menu-anchor" id="reels"></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-39f9e9b elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="39f9e9b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider" style="--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;none&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 20 16&#039; fill=&#039;none&#039; stroke=&#039;black&#039; stroke-width=&#039;1&#039; stroke-linecap=&#039;square&#039; stroke-miterlimit=&#039;10&#039;%3E%3Cg transform=&#039;translate(-12.000000, 0)&#039;%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M28,0L10,18&#039;/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M18,0L0,18&#039;/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M48,0L30,18&#039;/%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M38,0L20,18&#039;/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E&quot;);"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f4f90c0 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="f4f90c0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div style='padding:56.25% 0 0 0;position:relative;'><iframe src='https://vimeo.com/showcase/11563716/embed2' allowfullscreen frameborder='0' style='position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;'></iframe></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ea96a0c elementor-widget-tablet__width-inherit elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-laptop elementor-hidden-mobile_extra elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="ea96a0c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div style='padding:100% 20% 100% 20%;position:relative;'><iframe src='https://vimeo.com/showcase/11563716/embed2' allowfullscreen frameborder='0' style='position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;'></iframe></div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-45dc9922 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="45dc9922" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-332c4a10" data-id="332c4a10" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-80c5685 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="80c5685" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium">Check out our latest Reels!</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-37bd473 elementor-widget-tablet__width-inherit elementor-pagination-type-bullets elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-carousel" data-id="37bd473" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;carousel_items&quot;:[{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Understanding CO2: Part 1&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;b9c8814&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Understanding CO2: Part 2&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;ae5aaac&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Understanding CO2: Part 3&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;c558400&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Understanding CO2: Part 4&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;a254525&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;1.5 Degrees Explained&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;2705367&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Arctic Report Card&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;030ea50&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Wes Anderson Film&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;5aa21b0&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Gulf of Alaska Views&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;21af5c5&quot;},{&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Halloween Reel&quot;,&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;68182f1&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;0003963&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Seascape Alaskan Dive&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;aa2ed6b&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Seascape Sample Processing&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;f883796&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Wetlab Working&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;3be3af2&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Boarding Seascape&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;1e3e334&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Day in the Life&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;29d59e2&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Sea Cucumber Dance Off&quot;},{&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;164a724&quot;,&quot;slide_title&quot;:&quot;Seascape Alaska Departs&quot;}],&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;slides_to_scroll&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;slides_to_show_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;offset_sides&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;arrows&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pagination&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}" data-widget_type="nested-carousel.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="e-n-carousel swiper" role="region" aria-roledescription="carousel" aria-label="Carousel" dir="ltr"> <div class="swiper-wrapper" aria-live="polite"> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="1" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="1 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b5e13c0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="b5e13c0" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1bdc114 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="1bdc114" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/980752510?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=1&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="2" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="2 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cca0d2d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="cca0d2d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-75eaa16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="75eaa16" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/980754120?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=1&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="3" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="3 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-09fb6e2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="09fb6e2" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cce5858 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="cce5858" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/980753318?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=1&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="4" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="4 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2334849 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="2334849" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-557f857 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="557f857" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/980753709?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=1&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="5" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="5 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2010673 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="2010673" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3cfa750 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="3cfa750" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/908339761?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=1&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="6" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="6 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-df997de e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="df997de" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8e1e8af elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="8e1e8af" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/902282947?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=1&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="7" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="7 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-98ea8bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="98ea8bc" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ebb976a elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="ebb976a" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886964102?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=1&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="8" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="8 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0d7b186 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="0d7b186" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f1fe6a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="f1fe6a4" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886959371?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="9" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="9 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cc75939 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="cc75939" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-24339c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="24339c7" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886958906?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="10" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="10 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-63905d2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="63905d2" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-223cffa elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="223cffa" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886958701?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="11" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="11 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-11388c9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="11388c9" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c02f986 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="c02f986" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886957840?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="12" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="12 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-094841f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="094841f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-62fe84f elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="62fe84f" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886957314?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="13" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="13 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-da9485e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="da9485e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a8532a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="a8532a0" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886956743?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="14" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="14 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-aeb99cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="aeb99cc" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3aba799 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="3aba799" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886953937?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="15" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="15 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-be1ac00 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="be1ac00" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2d7cedc elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="2d7cedc" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886955145?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="swiper-slide" data-slide="16" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="16 of 16"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d1ec521 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="d1ec521" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c91d378 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video" data-id="c91d378" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;vimeo&quot;}" data-widget_type="video.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline"> <iframe class="elementor-video-iframe" allowfullscreen allow="clipboard-write" title="vimeo Video Player" src="https://player.vimeo.com/video/886953985?color&amp;autopause=0&amp;loop=0&amp;muted=0&amp;title=1&amp;portrait=1&amp;byline=0#t="></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Previous"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="eicon-chevron-left"></i> </div> <div class="elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Next"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="eicon-chevron-right"></i> </div> <div class="swiper-pagination"></div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5c64fee elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer" data-id="5c64fee" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="spacer.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-spacer"> <div class="elementor-spacer-inner"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <!-- ast-container --> </div><!-- #content --> <footer class="site-footer" id="colophon" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter" itemscope="itemscope" itemid="#colophon"> <div class="site-primary-footer-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-footer-focus-item ast-builder-grid-row-3-equal ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-equal ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full ast-footer-row-stack ast-footer-row-tablet-stack ast-footer-row-mobile-stack" data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row-container-inner"> <div class="ast-builder-footer-grid-columns site-primary-footer-inner-wrap ast-builder-grid-row"> <div class="site-footer-primary-section-1 site-footer-section site-footer-section-1"> <div class="footer-widget-area widget-area site-footer-focus-item ast-footer-html-1" data-section="section-fb-html-1"> <div class="ast-header-html inner-link-style-"><div class="ast-builder-html-element"><p style="text-align: left"><strong> HEADQUARTERS </strong><br /> <i class="fa-solid fa-location-pin"></i> 1315 East-West Highway,<br /> Silver Spring, MD 20910<br /> <a href="mailto:oar.communications@noaa.gov"><i class="fa-solid fa-envelope"></i> Email Us</a></p> <p><strong>STAY CONNECTED</strong></p> </div></div> </div> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-footer-focus-item" data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"> <div class="ast-footer-social-1-wrap ast-footer-social-wrap"><div class="footer-social-inner-wrap element-social-inner-wrap social-show-label-false ast-social-color-type-custom ast-social-stack-none ast-social-element-style-filled"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/NOAAResearch/" aria-label="Facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #557dbc; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-facebook footer-social-item" data-wpel-link="exclude"><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z'></path></svg></span></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/noaaresearch" aria-label="Linkedin" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #1c86c6; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-linkedin footer-social-item" data-wpel-link="exclude"><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z'></path></svg></span></a><a href="https://twitter.com/NOAAResearch" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #7acdee; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-twitter footer-social-item" data-wpel-link="exclude"><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 512 512'><path d='M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z'></path></svg></span></a><a href="https://www.instagram.com/noaaresearch/" aria-label="Instagram" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #8a3ab9; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-instagram footer-social-item" data-wpel-link="exclude"><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M224,202.66A53.34,53.34,0,1,0,277.36,256,53.38,53.38,0,0,0,224,202.66Zm124.71-41a54,54,0,0,0-30.41-30.41c-21-8.29-71-6.43-94.3-6.43s-73.25-1.93-94.31,6.43a54,54,0,0,0-30.41,30.41c-8.28,21-6.43,71.05-6.43,94.33S91,329.26,99.32,350.33a54,54,0,0,0,30.41,30.41c21,8.29,71,6.43,94.31,6.43s73.24,1.93,94.3-6.43a54,54,0,0,0,30.41-30.41c8.35-21,6.43-71.05,6.43-94.33S357.1,182.74,348.75,161.67ZM224,338a82,82,0,1,1,82-82A81.9,81.9,0,0,1,224,338Zm85.38-148.3a19.14,19.14,0,1,1,19.13-19.14A19.1,19.1,0,0,1,309.42,189.74ZM400,32H48A48,48,0,0,0,0,80V432a48,48,0,0,0,48,48H400a48,48,0,0,0,48-48V80A48,48,0,0,0,400,32ZM382.88,322c-1.29,25.63-7.14,48.34-25.85,67s-41.4,24.63-67,25.85c-26.41,1.49-105.59,1.49-132,0-25.63-1.29-48.26-7.15-67-25.85s-24.63-41.42-25.85-67c-1.49-26.42-1.49-105.61,0-132,1.29-25.63,7.07-48.34,25.85-67s41.47-24.56,67-25.78c26.41-1.49,105.59-1.49,132,0,25.63,1.29,48.33,7.15,67,25.85s24.63,41.42,25.85,67.05C384.37,216.44,384.37,295.56,382.88,322Z'></path></svg></span></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRRxIPuwYd7eCvlA1f5wc6g/featured" aria-label="YouTube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #e96651; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-youtube footer-social-item" data-wpel-link="exclude"><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 576 512'><path d='M549.655 124.083c-6.281-23.65-24.787-42.276-48.284-48.597C458.781 64 288 64 288 64S117.22 64 74.629 75.486c-23.497 6.322-42.003 24.947-48.284 48.597-11.412 42.867-11.412 132.305-11.412 132.305s0 89.438 11.412 132.305c6.281 23.65 24.787 41.5 48.284 47.821C117.22 448 288 448 288 448s170.78 0 213.371-11.486c23.497-6.321 42.003-24.171 48.284-47.821 11.412-42.867 11.412-132.305 11.412-132.305s0-89.438-11.412-132.305zm-317.51 213.508V175.185l142.739 81.205-142.739 81.201z'></path></svg></span></a><a href="http://vimeo.com/noaaresearch" aria-label="Vimeo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #8ecfde; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-vimeo footer-social-item" data-wpel-link="exclude"><span aria-hidden="true" class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M447.8 153.6c-2 43.6-32.4 103.3-91.4 179.1-60.9 79.2-112.4 118.8-154.6 118.8-26.1 0-48.2-24.1-66.3-72.3C100.3 250 85.3 174.3 56.2 174.3c-3.4 0-15.1 7.1-35.2 21.1L0 168.2c51.6-45.3 100.9-95.7 131.8-98.5 34.9-3.4 56.3 20.5 64.4 71.5 28.7 181.5 41.4 208.9 93.6 126.7 18.7-29.6 28.8-52.1 30.2-67.6 4.8-45.9-35.8-42.8-63.3-31 22-72.1 64.1-107.1 126.2-105.1 45.8 1.2 67.5 31.1 64.9 89.4z'></path></svg></span></a></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer-primary-section-2 site-footer-section site-footer-section-2"> <aside class="footer-widget-area widget-area site-footer-focus-item footer-widget-area-inner" data-section="sidebar-widgets-footer-widget-3" aria-label="Footer Widget 3" > <section id="block-22" class="widget widget_block"><p style="color:white;text-align:left;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;margin-top:0px;"> <strong>ABOUT US </strong> <br> Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR) - or "NOAA Research" - provides the research foundation for understanding the complex systems that support our planet. Working in partnership with other organizational units of the NOAA, a bureau of the Department of Commerce, NOAA Research enables better forecasts, earlier warnings for natural disasters, and a greater understanding of the Earth. Our role is to provide unbiased science to better manage the environment, nationally, and globally.</p> <a href="https://www.noaa.gov" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer"><img decoding="async" style="width:20%; margin:10px" src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/noaa-logo-rgb-2022-2.svg"></a> <a href="https://www.commerce.gov/" data-wpel-link="external" target="_blank" rel="nofollow external noopener noreferrer"> <img decoding="async" style="width:21%; margin:10px" src="https://www.commerce.gov/themes/custom/commerce/assets/img/doc_logo.png"></a></section> </aside> </div> <div class="site-footer-primary-section-3 site-footer-section site-footer-section-3"> <div class="footer-widget-area widget-area site-footer-focus-item" data-section="section-footer-menu"> <div class="footer-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility footer-navigation" id="footer-site-navigation" aria-label="Site Navigation: NOAA &amp; Agency Links Footer" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="footer-nav-wrap"><ul id="astra-footer-menu" class="ast-nav-menu ast-flex astra-footer-vertical-menu astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu"><li id="menu-item-411" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-411"><a href="https://library.noaa.gov/" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="exclude" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NOAA Central Library</a></li> <li id="menu-item-410" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-410"><a href="http://www.noaa.gov/foia-freedom-of-information-act" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="exclude" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Freedom of Information Act</a></li> <li id="menu-item-406" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-406"><a href="https://www.noaa.gov/accessibility" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="exclude" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Web Accessibility Statement</a></li> <li id="menu-item-407" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-407"><a href="http://www.noaa.gov/disclaimer.html" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="exclude" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Disclaimer for External Links</a></li> <li id="menu-item-405" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-405"><a href="http://www.noaa.gov/privacy.html" class="menu-link" data-wpel-link="exclude" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NOAA Privacy Statement</a></li> </ul></div></nav></div> </div> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element site-footer-focus-item ast-footer-button-1" data-section="section-fb-button-1"> <div class="ast-builder-button-wrap ast-builder-button-size-xs"><a class="ast-custom-button-link" href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdhsuO5LgZ9W3L2620T_rBPxpY32t0cyYGCUSpfxqIUhKXU1Q/viewform" target="_self" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer"><div class=ast-custom-button>Provide Feedback</div></a><a class="menu-link" href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdhsuO5LgZ9W3L2620T_rBPxpY32t0cyYGCUSpfxqIUhKXU1Q/viewform" target="_self" data-wpel-link="exclude" rel="noopener noreferrer">Provide Feedback</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer><!-- #colophon --> </div><!-- #page --> <script> function convert_to_url(obj) { return Object .keys(obj) .map(k => `${encodeURIComponent(k)}=${encodeURIComponent(obj[k])}`) .join('&'); } function pass_to_backend() { if(window.location.hash) { var hash = window.location.hash; var elements = {}; hash.split("#")[1].split("&").forEach(element => { var vars = element.split("="); elements[vars[0]] = vars[1]; }); if(("access_token" in elements) || ("id_token" in elements) || ("token" in elements)) { if(window.location.href.indexOf("?") !== -1) { window.location = (window.location.href.split("?")[0] + window.location.hash).split('#')[0] + "?" + convert_to_url(elements); } else { window.location = window.location.href.split('#')[0] + "?" + convert_to_url(elements); } } } } pass_to_backend(); </script> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script> <div id="ast-scroll-top" tabindex="0" class="ast-scroll-top-icon ast-scroll-to-top-right" data-on-devices="both"> <span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z" /> </svg></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Scroll to Top</span> </div> <div data-elementor-type="popup" data-elementor-id="641" class="elementor elementor-641 elementor-location-popup" data-elementor-settings="{&quot;entrance_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;exit_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;entrance_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;a11y_navigation&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;triggers&quot;:[],&quot;timing&quot;:{&quot;logged_in&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;logged_in_users&quot;:&quot;all&quot;}}" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f17b047 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle" data-id="3f17b047" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b306ae0" data-id="b306ae0" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-731a8f8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="731a8f8a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Popup Call to Action</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-25968151 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="25968151" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>A prompt with more information on your call to action.</p> </div> </div> <section class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-408ab9b elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="408ab9b" data-element_type="section"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wide"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1fe59c3" data-id="1fe59c3" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5ef7fea elementor-align-center elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="5ef7fea" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md" href="#"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Take Some Action</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script> <script> const lazyloadRunObserver = () => { const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` ); const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => { entries.forEach( ( entry ) => { if ( entry.isIntersecting ) { let lazyloadBackground = entry.target; if( lazyloadBackground ) { lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' ); } lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target ); } }); }, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } ); lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => { lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground ); } ); }; const events = [ 'DOMContentLoaded', 'elementor/lazyload/observe', ]; events.forEach( ( event ) => { document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver ); } ); </script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/uswds/3.3.0/js/uswds.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-animation-push-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/animations/styles/e-animation-push.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-social-icons-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-social-icons.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-apple-webkit-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/custom-apple-webkit.min.css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-addon-megamenu-dynamic-css' href='https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/astra-addon/addons/nav-menu/assets/css/minified/magamenu-frontend.min.css' media='all' /> <style id='astra-addon-megamenu-dynamic-inline-css'> .ast-desktop .menu-item-8320 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8320, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8320 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8320{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8320 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8320 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8320 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8320 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8320 .menu-item > .menu-link, .menu-item-8320 .menu-item .sub-menu > .menu-link, .ast-desktop .ast-container .menu-item-8320 .menu-item:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-container .menu-item-8320 .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item:hover, .ast-desktop .ast-container .menu-item-8320 .menu-item .menu-link:hover, .ast-container .menu-item-8320 .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-desktop li.astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper .astra-megamenu > .menu-item{border-right-width:1px;}.ast-desktop .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper .astra-megamenu > .menu-item{border-right:1px solid var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled li.astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-megamenu .menu-item-heading.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled li.astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-megamenu .menu-item-heading.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:hover{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-desktop .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper, .ast-desktop .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-mega-menu-width-menu-container, .ast-desktop .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-mega-menu-width-content, .ast-desktop .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-mega-menu-width-custom{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper, .ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-mega-menu-width-menu-container, .ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-mega-menu-width-content, .ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled .astra-megamenu-li.menu-item-8320 .astra-mega-menu-width-custom{padding-top:5px;padding-right:70px;padding-bottom:5px;padding-left:70px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15347 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15347, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15347 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15347{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15347 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15347 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15347 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15347 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15346 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15346, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15346 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15346{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15346 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15346 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15346 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15346 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15343 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15343, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15343 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15343{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15343 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15343 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15343 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15343 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15344 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15344, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15344 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15344{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15344 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15344 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15344 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15344 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30183 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30183, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30183 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30183{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30183 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30183 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30183 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30183 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15345 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15345, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15345 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15345{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15345 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15345 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15345 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15345 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15348 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15348, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15348 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15348{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15348 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15348 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15348 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15348 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8324 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8324, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8324 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8324{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8324 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8324 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8324 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8324 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15349 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15349, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15349 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15349{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15349 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15349 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15349 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15349 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8322 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8322, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8322 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8322{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8322 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8322 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8322 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8322 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15350 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15350, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15350 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15350{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15350 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15350 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15350 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15350 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29937 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29937, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29937 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29937{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29937 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29937 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29937 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29937 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15351 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15351, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15351 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15351{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15351 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15351 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15351 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15351 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30182 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30182, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30182 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30182{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30182 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30182 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30182 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30182 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15352 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15352, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15352 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15352{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15352 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15352 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15352 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15352 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15354 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15354, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15354 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15354{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15354 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15354 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15354 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15354 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15355 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15355, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15355 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15355{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-15355 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15355 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-15355 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-15355 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7917 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7917, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7917 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7917{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7917 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7917 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7917 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7917 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29337 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29337, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29337 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29337{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29337 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29337 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29337 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29337 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7910 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7910, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7910 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7910{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7910 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7910 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7910 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7910 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7909, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7909{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7909 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7909 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7908 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7908, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7908 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7908{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7908 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7908 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7908 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7908 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7914 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7914, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7914 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7914{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7914 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7914 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7914 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7914 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7915 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7915, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7915 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7915{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7915 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7915 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7915 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7915 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8314 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8314, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8314 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8314{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8314 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8314 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8314 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8314 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7911 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7911, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7911 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7911{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7911 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7911 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7911 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7911 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7916 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7916, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7916 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7916{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7916 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7916 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7916 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7916 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30191 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30191, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30191 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30191{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30191 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30191 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30191 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30191 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29336 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29336, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29336 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29336{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29336 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29336 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29336 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29336 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29936 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29936, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29936 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29936{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-29936 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29936 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-29936 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-29936 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8318 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8318, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8318 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8318{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-8318 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8318 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-8318 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-8318 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30190 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30190, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30190 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30190{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-30190 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30190 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-30190 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-30190 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7913 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7913, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7913 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7913{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-7913 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7913 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-7913 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-7913 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;} </style> <script id="astra-theme-js-js-extra"> var astra = {"break_point":"921","isRtl":"","is_scroll_to_id":"","is_scroll_to_top":"1","is_header_footer_builder_active":"1","responsive_cart_click":"flyout","palette_key":"","revealEffectEnable":"","edit_post_url":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-admin\/post.php?post={{id}}&action=edit","ajax_url":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","infinite_count":"2","infinite_total":"0","pagination":"infinite","infinite_scroll_event":"scroll","no_more_post_message":"No more posts to show.","grid_layout":{"desktop":"1","tablet":1,"mobile":1},"site_url":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov","blogArchiveTitleLayout":"","blogArchiveTitleOn":"","show_comments":"Show Comments","masonryEnabled":"","blogMasonryBreakPoint":"0"}; </script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/js/minified/frontend.min.js" id="astra-theme-js-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/vimeo/build/index.js" id="vimeo-for-wordpress-public-js"></script> <script id="astra-addon-js-js-extra"> var astraAddon = {"sticky_active":"1","svgIconClose":"<span class=\"ast-icon icon-close\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" width=\"18px\" height=\"18px\">\n <path d=\"M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z\" \/>\n <\/svg><\/span>","hf_account_show_menu_on":"hover","hf_account_action_type":"link","header_main_stick":"1","header_above_stick":"1","header_below_stick":"","stick_header_meta":"enabled","header_main_stick_meta":"on","header_above_stick_meta":"","header_below_stick_meta":"","sticky_header_on_devices":"both","sticky_header_style":"none","sticky_hide_on_scroll":"","break_point":"921","tablet_break_point":"921","mobile_break_point":"544","header_main_shrink":"","header_logo_width":"","responsive_header_logo_width":{"desktop":150,"tablet":"","mobile":""},"stick_origin_position":"","site_layout":"ast-full-width-layout","site_content_width":"1240","site_layout_padded_width":"1200","site_layout_box_width":"1200","header_builder_active":"1","component_limit":"10","is_header_builder_active":"1"}; </script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/uploads/astra-addon/astra-addon-67f3f79498ff01-38993986.js" id="astra-addon-js-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/astra-addon/assets/js/minified/purify.min.js" id="astra-dom-purify-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/js/imagesloaded.min.js" id="imagesloaded-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/swiper/v8/swiper.min.js" id="swiper-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/page-links-to/dist/new-tab.js" id="page-links-to-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/webpack-pro.runtime.min.js" id="elementor-pro-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/webpack.runtime.min.js" id="elementor-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend-modules.min.js" id="elementor-frontend-modules-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script id="elementor-pro-frontend-js-before"> var ElementorProFrontendConfig = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"ca517bacce","urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor-pro\/assets\/","rest":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-json\/"},"settings":{"lazy_load_background_images":true},"popup":{"hasPopUps":true},"shareButtonsNetworks":{"facebook":{"title":"Facebook","has_counter":true},"twitter":{"title":"Twitter"},"linkedin":{"title":"LinkedIn","has_counter":true},"pinterest":{"title":"Pinterest","has_counter":true},"reddit":{"title":"Reddit","has_counter":true},"vk":{"title":"VK","has_counter":true},"odnoklassniki":{"title":"OK","has_counter":true},"tumblr":{"title":"Tumblr"},"digg":{"title":"Digg"},"skype":{"title":"Skype"},"stumbleupon":{"title":"StumbleUpon","has_counter":true},"mix":{"title":"Mix"},"telegram":{"title":"Telegram"},"pocket":{"title":"Pocket","has_counter":true},"xing":{"title":"XING","has_counter":true},"whatsapp":{"title":"WhatsApp"},"email":{"title":"Email"},"print":{"title":"Print"},"x-twitter":{"title":"X"},"threads":{"title":"Threads"}},"facebook_sdk":{"lang":"en_US","app_id":""},"lottie":{"defaultAnimationUrl":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor-pro\/modules\/lottie\/assets\/animations\/default.json"}}; </script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/frontend.min.js" id="elementor-pro-frontend-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script id="elementor-frontend-js-before"> var elementorFrontendConfig = {"environmentMode":{"edit":false,"wpPreview":false,"isScriptDebug":false},"i18n":{"shareOnFacebook":"Share on Facebook","shareOnTwitter":"Share on Twitter","pinIt":"Pin it","download":"Download","downloadImage":"Download image","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","zoom":"Zoom","share":"Share","playVideo":"Play Video","previous":"Previous","next":"Next","close":"Close","a11yCarouselPrevSlideMessage":"Previous slide","a11yCarouselNextSlideMessage":"Next slide","a11yCarouselFirstSlideMessage":"This is the first slide","a11yCarouselLastSlideMessage":"This is the last slide","a11yCarouselPaginationBulletMessage":"Go to slide"},"is_rtl":false,"breakpoints":{"xs":0,"sm":480,"md":768,"lg":1025,"xl":1440,"xxl":1600},"responsive":{"breakpoints":{"mobile":{"label":"Mobile Portrait","value":767,"default_value":767,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"mobile_extra":{"label":"Mobile Landscape","value":880,"default_value":880,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet":{"label":"Tablet Portrait","value":1024,"default_value":1024,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet_extra":{"label":"Tablet Landscape","value":1200,"default_value":1200,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"laptop":{"label":"Laptop","value":1366,"default_value":1366,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"widescreen":{"label":"Widescreen","value":2400,"default_value":2400,"direction":"min","is_enabled":false}},"hasCustomBreakpoints":true},"version":"3.28.3","is_static":false,"experimentalFeatures":{"additional_custom_breakpoints":true,"container":true,"e_local_google_fonts":true,"theme_builder_v2":true,"landing-pages":true,"nested-elements":true,"editor_v2":true,"home_screen":true,"mega-menu":true},"urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","uploadUrl":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads"},"nonces":{"floatingButtonsClickTracking":"fcb39579b8"},"swiperClass":"swiper","settings":{"page":[],"editorPreferences":[]},"kit":{"active_breakpoints":["viewport_mobile","viewport_mobile_extra","viewport_tablet","viewport_laptop"],"global_image_lightbox":"yes","lightbox_enable_counter":"yes","lightbox_enable_fullscreen":"yes","lightbox_enable_zoom":"yes","lightbox_enable_share":"yes","lightbox_title_src":"title","lightbox_description_src":"description"},"post":{"id":258,"title":"NOAA%20Research","excerpt":"","featuredImage":"https:\/\/research.noaa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/52185462790_9cf180b536_k-1024x683.jpg"}}; </script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend.min.js" id="elementor-frontend-js"></script> <script src="https://research.noaa.gov/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/elements-handlers.min.js" id="pro-elements-handlers-js"></script> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/ad2b68bdda.js" id="font-awesome-pro-js"></script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> </body> </html> <!-- Hummingbird cache file was created in 1.4381930828094 seconds, on 07-04-25 16:07:18 -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10