Ahuitzotl - World History Encyclopedia

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src="/template/images/header/whe-logo-white-r.svg">'; } function lightMode() { document.getElementById('darkCSS').remove(); document.querySelector('#header_ahe_logo').innerHTML = '<img src="/template/images/header/whe-logo-r.svg">'; } if (localStorage.getItem('darkMode') == 'dark') { darkMode(); } </script>  <main class="left_3_column" id="main_content"> <nav id="toc_wrapper" style="display: none;"> <div id="toc"> <h2 class="no_toc">Contents</h2> <div id="toc_contents"></div> <p class="toc_buttons"> <a href="/interestemails/?tags=Ahuitzotl+Aztec_Sacrifice+Aztec_Warfare+Motecuhzoma_II+Templo_Mayor+Tenochtitlan" class="topic_subscribe outline_button">Subscribe to topic</a> <a href="/interestemails/?author=markzcartwright" class="outline_button" rel="nofollow">Subscribe to author</a> <span class="outline_button print_button" onclick="printButtonClicked();">Print Article</span> <script> function printButtonClicked() { pageReady.then(()=>{ ga4Event('print_button','clicked',AHE.canonicalPath); window.print(); }); } </script> </p> </div> </nav> <div id="tag_definition_wrapper"> <script> jsQueue(()=>{ async_load_js('https://assets.pinterest.com/js/pinit.js') }); </script> <div class="pinterest_button"> <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/create/button/" data-pin-do="buttonPin" data-pin-id="https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahuitzotl/" data-pin-media="https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/5302.jpg" data-pin-url="https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahuitzotl/" data-pin-description="Ahuitzotl (Auitzotl) was an Aztec ruler who reigned between 1486 and 1502 CE. He was one of the greatest generals of the ancient Americas and he left to his nephew, Montezuma, an enlarged and consolidated empire which had been ruthlessly terrorised into submissive acceptance of Aztec rule. With huge..." data-pin-count="beside" > </a> </div> <h2>Definition</h2> <div id="tag_definition_text"> <div class="clr"></div> <div class="ci_info"> <div class="ci_author_image"> <img loading="lazy" alt="Mark Cartwright" src="/uploads/profile_photos/150-markzcartwright.JPG" width="50" height="50"> </div> <div class="ci_author trans block"> by <a href="/user/markzcartwright/" rel="author" title="User Page: Mark Cartwright">Mark Cartwright</a> <br/> published on 12 July 2016 </div> </div> <div class="pre_article_section"> <div class="translations_header"> <div class="translations_title">Available in other languages: <a href="/trans/fr/1-13672/ahuitzotl/" class="translation_link fr " rel="alternate">French</a>, <a href="/trans/pt/1-13672/ahuitzotl/" class="translation_link pt " rel="alternate">Portuguese</a>, <a href="/trans/es/1-13672/ahuitzotl/" class="translation_link es " rel="alternate">Spanish</a></div> </div> <div id="audio-outer-wrapper"> <iframe id="audio-frame-contents" data-src="/audioplayer/en/1-13672/" height="80" width="100%" frameborder="no" scrolling="no"></iframe> </div> <script> pageReady.then(()=>{ jsQueue(()=>{ let litPlayer = $('#audio-frame-contents'); if (litPlayer) { litPlayer.attr('src',litPlayer.attr('data-src')); } }); }); </script> <style> #audio-outer-wrapper { height: 80px; width: 100%; margin: 1em 0em; } #audio-frame-contents { background-image: url("/template/images/loading-audio-3.png"); background-size: contain; background-repeat: no-repeat; max-height: 80px; } </style> <div class="pre_article_buttons no_print"> <a href="/interestemails/?tags=Ahuitzotl+Aztec_Sacrifice+Aztec_Warfare+Motecuhzoma_II+Templo_Mayor+Tenochtitlan" class="topic_subscribe outline_button">Subscribe to topic</a> <a href="/interestemails/?author=markzcartwright" class="outline_button" rel="nofollow">Subscribe to author</a> <span class="outline_button print_button" onclick="printButtonClicked();">Print Article</span> <script> function printButtonClicked() { pageReady.then(()=>{ ga4Event('print_button','clicked',AHE.canonicalPath); window.print(); }); } </script> </div> </div> <div class="body"> <article> <figure class="definition_image"> <a href="/image/5302/ahuitzotl-name-glyph/" title="Ahuitzotl Name Glyph"> <picture>  <source srcset="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/5302.jpg.webp?v=1727218868 300w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1000x1200/5302.jpg.webp?v=1727218868 600w" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/5302.jpg?v=1727218868 300w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1000x1200/5302.jpg?v=1727218868 600w" type="image/jpeg"> <img src="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/5302.jpg?v=1727218868" width="300" height="303" alt="Ahuitzotl Name Glyph (by Lucas, CC BY)" title="Ahuitzotl Name Glyph (by Lucas, CC BY)" class="tag_definition_image" /> </picture> <figcaption class="image_caption"><div class="figtitle">Ahuitzotl Name Glyph</div><div class="figauthor">Lucas (CC BY)</div></figcaption> </a> </figure> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https://schema.org","@id":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/5302/ahuitzotl-name-glyph/#imageobject","@type":"ImageObject","acquireLicensePage":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/5302/ahuitzotl-name-glyph/","caption":"The name glyph of Aztec ruler Ahuitzotl (1486-1502 CE). The image is of an Aztec mythical hyper-aggressive otter that lived at the bottom of a lake and ruthlessly preyed on any creature which approached the lake\u2019s banks. The creature, often depicted with a human hand at the end of its tail, was used as the name glyph for the king in Aztec commemorative sculpture. Replica of an original stone from Tepoztlan, c. 1500 CE. (Peabody Museum Collection, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA)","contentUrl":"https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/5302.jpg","copyrightNotice":"Lucas - CC BY - This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the original creation. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included.","creator":{"@type":"Person","name":"Lucas"},"creditText":"Lucas / Flickr","dateModified":"2025-02-26T15:47:16+0000","datePublished":"2016-07-11T14:59:59+0000","encodingFormat":"image/jpeg","headline":"Ahuitzotl Name Glyph","height":1600,"isAccessibleForFree":true,"isBasedOn":{"@type":"CreativeWork","url":"https://www.flickr.com/photos/ancientartpodcast/15113145250/in/photolist-p2uPxQ"},"isFamilyFriendly":true,"isPartOf":"https://www.worldhistory.org#website","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/5302/ahuitzotl-name-glyph/","publisher":"https://www.worldhistory.org#organization","representativeOfPage":true,"url":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/5302/ahuitzotl-name-glyph/","width":1588} </script> <p>Ahuitzotl (Auitzotl) was an <a href="/Aztec_Civilization/">Aztec</a> ruler who reigned between 1486 and 1502 CE. He was one of the greatest generals of the ancient Americas and he left to his nephew, <a href="/Montezuma/">Montezuma</a>, an enlarged and consolidated <a href="/empire/">empire</a> which had been ruthlessly terrorised into submissive acceptance of Aztec rule. With huge building projects and victories celebrated by mass sacrifices of captured enemies to honour the gods, the reign of Ahuitzotl was the Aztec Golden Age.</p> <h3>Accession</h3> <p>Ahuitzotl (<em>pron.</em> A-weet'-zot) was the third son of Aztec king <a href="/Montezuma/">Motecuhzoma</a> I Ilhuicamina (r. 1440-1469 CE). His name, appropriately enough as it would turn out, was associated with a mythical hyper-aggressive otter that lived at the bottom of a lake and ruthlessly preyed on any creature which approached the lake's banks. The creature, often depicted with a human hand at the end of its tail, was used as the name glyph for the king in Aztec commemorative <a href="/disambiguation/Sculpture/">sculpture</a>. </p><div class="ad_Mobile_Intext ahe-ad intext-ad-1"> <a href="/membership/?utm_source=whe&utm_medium=remove_ads_button_en&utm_campaign=membership" class="ad_membership_notice" rel="nofollow">Remove Ads</a> <div class="ad_header">Advertisement</div>  <div id='div-adcontainer-AHE_Mobile_Intext_1' class="adcontainer intext innerwrapper mobile"> </div> </div> <p>Ahuitzotl took over as the Aztec <em>tlatoani </em>(speaker) or supreme ruler from his half-brother Tizoc (r. 1481-1486 CE) who was poisoned. Tizoc had not been particularly successful in the role after being forced to quash various rebellions and famously losing a <a href="/disambiguation/battle/">battle</a> to the Tarascans. Lord Ahuitzotl was the 8th Aztec ruler and he is described in Aztec texts as youthful, strong, energetic, and audacious. According to the version of his accession recounted by the Spanish chronicler Fray Diego Duran, Ahuitzotl was a mere youth when he took power in 1486 CE and had to be brought from school on the <a href="/disambiguation/Death/">death</a> of Tizoc but he already displayed a great maturity beyond his years. We are also informed that the new <em>tlatoani</em> was helped in his early years by the traditional king's advisor, the Tlacaellel.</p><div id="primis_intext"> <div id="3e3744ed-0893-4ec9-8757-582bfa65ad5c"></div> <div id="6b0cd791-ab2c-4669-b35a-8252ddaa7467"></div> <a href="https://link.worldhistory.org/youtube_intext" target="_blank" class="youtube_notice"> <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>YouTube</title><path d="M23.498 6.186a3.016 3.016 0 0 0-2.122-2.136C19.505 3.545 12 3.545 12 3.545s-7.505 0-9.377.505A3.017 3.017 0 0 0 .502 6.186C0 8.07 0 12 0 12s0 3.93.502 5.814a3.016 3.016 0 0 0 2.122 2.136c1.871.505 9.376.505 9.376.505s7.505 0 9.377-.505a3.015 3.015 0 0 0 2.122-2.136C24 15.93 24 12 24 12s0-3.93-.502-5.814zM9.545 15.568V8.432L15.818 12l-6.273 3.568z"></path></svg> Follow us on YouTube!</a> </div> <script> </script> <div class="big_quote">Ahuitzotl used the spectacle of human sacrifice to terrify visiting rulers of newly conquered territories & ensure their passive compliance to Aztec rule.</div> <p>The accession of Ahuitzotl is commemorated in a green diorite slab with the year 8 Reed date glyph. On it are both Tizoc and Ahuitzotl while between them is a ball of cactus fibre with cactus needles stuck in it. The two rulers are using needles to let blood from their earlobes in offering to the gods. The blood flows down from the two figures into the gaping jaws of a stylised earth-crocodile creature representing the earth goddess <a href="/Tlaltecuhtli/">Tlaltecuhtli</a>. The slab now resides in the National Museum of Anthropology in Mexico <a href="/city/">City</a>.</p><div class="ad_Mobile_Intext ahe-ad intext-ad-2"> <a href="/membership/?utm_source=whe&utm_medium=remove_ads_button_en&utm_campaign=membership" class="ad_membership_notice" rel="nofollow">Remove Ads</a> <div class="ad_header">Advertisement</div>  <div id='div-adcontainer-AHE_Mobile_Intext_2' class="adcontainer intext innerwrapper mobile"> </div> </div> <h3>Expanding the Empire</h3> <p>Ahuitzotl quickly established his reputation as a gifted military leader by winning his first battle in the traditional 'Coronation <a href="/war/">War</a>' beloved of Aztec rulers. Leading his army in person and fighting alongside his warriors as he would always do, the Toluca Valley rebellions were quashed, booty taken, and sacrificial victims procured. The victory was celebrated with the largest feast and round of gift-giving the Aztec people had ever witnessed.</p> <p>Ahuitzotl then proceeded to bring the Gulf Coast territories into line after their stubborn refusal to pay tribute. This was another victory, and Ahuitzotl would go on to win many more. Conquering the central valleys of Oaxaca c. 1494 CE the Aztecs moved as far south as the Guatemalan border, or even beyond, in order to encompass lucrative cacao-producing regions. They also campaigned as far west as the Pacific coast, perhaps in a long-term strategy to outflank the Tarascan forts being established by that hostile nation. The result of this expansion was that Ahuitzotl created the largest area yet brought under Aztec control.</p><div class="ad_Mobile_Intext ahe-ad intext-ad-3"> <a href="/membership/?utm_source=whe&utm_medium=remove_ads_button_en&utm_campaign=membership" class="ad_membership_notice" rel="nofollow">Remove Ads</a> <div class="ad_header">Advertisement</div>  <div id='div-adcontainer-AHE_Mobile_Intext_3' class="adcontainer intext innerwrapper mobile desktop"> </div> </div> <p><figure class="image_intext_wrapper" rel="14181"> <a href="/image/14181/aztec-empire-map/" title="Aztec Empire Map" /> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/14181.png.webp?v=1733933578 500w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1000x1200/14181.png.webp?v=1733933578 1000w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/750x750/14181.png.webp?v=1733933578 750w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1500x1500/14181.png.webp?v=1733933578 1500w" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/14181.png?v=1733933578 500w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1000x1200/14181.png?v=1733933578 1000w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/750x750/14181.png?v=1733933578 750w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1500x1500/14181.png?v=1733933578 1500w" type="image/png"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/750x750/14181.png?v=1733933578" alt="Aztec Empire Map" class="in_text_image" width="750" height="424" /> </picture> <figcaption class="image_caption"><div class="figtitle">Aztec Empire Map</div><div class="figauthor">Simeon Netchev (CC BY-NC-ND)</div></figcaption> </a> </figure> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https://schema.org","@id":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/14181/aztec-empire-map/#imageobject","@type":"ImageObject","acquireLicensePage":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/14181/aztec-empire-map/","caption":"A map illustrating the origins and territorial expansion of the Aztec Empire in Mesoamerica between the 14th and 16th centuries.","contentUrl":"https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/14181.png","copyrightNotice":"Simeon Netchev - CC BY-NC-ND - This licence only allows others to download this content and share it with others as long as the author is credited, but they can't change the content in any way or use it commercially. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included.","creator":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.worldhistory.org/user/simeonnetchev/#person","name":"Simeon Netchev","url":"https://www.worldhistory.org/user/simeonnetchev/","sameAs":["https://www.linkedin.com/in/simeon-netchev/"],"image":"https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/profile_photos/150-simeonnetchev.jpg","description":"Simeon is a freelance visual designer and history teacher passionate about the human stories behind past events. He believes every image should tell a story and spark interaction, while each map leads on a journey, blending imagination with education.","jobTitle":"Graphic Designer","worksFor":"https://www.worldhistory.org#organization"},"creditText":"Simeon Netchev / World History Encyclopedia","dateModified":"2025-02-26T15:47:16+0000","datePublished":"2021-06-03T06:30:45+0000","encodingFormat":"image/png","headline":"Aztec Empire Map","height":2791,"isAccessibleForFree":true,"isFamilyFriendly":true,"isPartOf":"https://www.worldhistory.org#website","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/14181/aztec-empire-map/","publisher":"https://www.worldhistory.org#organization","representativeOfPage":false,"url":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/14181/aztec-empire-map/","width":4947} </script> </p> <p>Although the Aztec armies concentrated on enemy <a href="/city/">cities</a> and their empire would only ever be a loose collection of tribute-paying subject states, Ahuitzotl did attempt to establish a more permanent Aztec presence by building Aztec monuments in such conquered cities as Tepoztlan, Malinalco, and Calixtlahuaca. Some local gods were also incorporated into the <a href="/article/1034/aztec-pantheon/">Aztec pantheon</a> in an effort to further bind the diverse cultures of Mesoamerica. <a href="/disambiguation/trade/">Trade</a> was encouraged in some areas, especially by the <em>pocheca </em>warrior-traders who were given the privileged right to wear jewellery and feathers by Ahuitzotl, such was their importance in his strategy to open up new territories by whatever means suited the situation. At the same time more troublesome peoples (e.g. the Oztoman and Alahuistan) were ruthlessly and systematically wiped out during the reign of Ahuitzotl.</p> <p>Ahuitzotl also greatly increased the number of human sacrifices carried out in the various Aztec religious ceremonies designed to appease their gods and celebrate military victories. Duran famously recounts how 80,400 war captives were sacrificed over four days atop the <a href="/Templo_Mayor/">Templo Mayor</a> <a href="/pyramid/">pyramid</a> <a href="/temple/">temple</a> at <a href="/Tenochtitlan/">Tenochtitlan</a>. Most historians discount this number as impossibly high and impractical, settling on a figure nearer 20,000 but still quite enough to fulfil the apocalyptic descriptions by eye-witnesses of temples, plazas, and streets streaming rivers of blood. The scene of this mass sacrifice is depicted in the <em>Codex Telleriano Remensis</em>. Not only did sacrifices help to appease the gods and ensure a continuation of the Aztec world but Ahuitzotl used the spectacle to terrify the visiting rulers of newly conquered territories and ensure their passive compliance to Aztec rule.</p> <h3>Building Projects</h3> <p>Ahuitzotl, besides imperial expansion, also occupied himself with grand building projects in order to beautify the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan and, in typical Aztec fashion, establish early on that his reign would bring great prosperity to his people. The most significant such project was the expansion of the Templo Mayor. The new temple was completed in 1487 CE, and it was to inaugurate this <a href="/Giants/">giant</a> monument to the rain <a href="/God/">god</a> <a href="/Tlaloc/">Tlaloc</a> and war god <a href="/Huitzilopochtli/">Huitzilopochtli</a> that the infamous 80,000 plus captives were sacrificed. </p><div class="ad_Mobile_Intext ahe-ad intext-ad-4"> <a href="/membership/?utm_source=whe&utm_medium=remove_ads_button_en&utm_campaign=membership" class="ad_membership_notice" rel="nofollow">Remove Ads</a> <div class="ad_header">Advertisement</div>  <div id='div-adcontainer-AHE_Mobile_Intext_4' class="adcontainer intext innerwrapper mobile desktop"> </div> </div> <p><figure class="image_intext_wrapper" rel="1439"> <a href="/image/1439/temple-mayor-tenochtitlan/" title="Temple Mayor, Tenochtitlan" /> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/1439.jpg.webp?v=1723323903 500w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1000x1200/1439.jpg.webp?v=1723323903 1000w" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/1439.jpg?v=1723323903 500w, https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/1000x1200/1439.jpg?v=1723323903 1000w" type="image/jpeg"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.worldhistory.org/img/r/p/500x600/1439.jpg?v=1723323903" alt="Temple Mayor, Tenochtitlan" class="in_text_image" width="500" height="375" /> </picture> <figcaption class="image_caption"><div class="figtitle">Temple Mayor, Tenochtitlan</div><div class="figauthor">Wolfgang Sauber (CC BY-SA)</div></figcaption> </a> </figure> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https://schema.org","@id":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/1439/temple-mayor-tenochtitlan/#imageobject","@type":"ImageObject","acquireLicensePage":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/1439/temple-mayor-tenochtitlan/","caption":"A model reconstruction of the Temple Mayor at the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan. In use from the 14th to early 16th century CE, the huge pyramid was topped by two temples, one dedicated to Tlaloc, the god of rain (north side), the other to Huitzilopochtli, the god of war (south side). (National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City).","contentUrl":"https://www.worldhistory.org/uploads/images/1439.jpg","copyrightNotice":"Wolfgang Sauber - CC BY-SA - This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon a work even for commercial reasons, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included.","creator":{"@type":"Person","name":"Wolfgang Sauber"},"creditText":"Wolfgang Sauber / Wikipedia","dateModified":"2025-02-26T15:47:16+0000","datePublished":"2013-09-24T13:07:23+0000","encodingFormat":"image/jpeg","headline":"Temple Mayor, Tenochtitlan","height":"600","isAccessibleForFree":true,"isBasedOn":{"@type":"CreativeWork","url":"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rekonstruktion_Tempelbezirk_von_Tenochtitlan_2_Templo_Mayor_3.jpg"},"isFamilyFriendly":true,"isPartOf":"https://www.worldhistory.org#website","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0","mainEntityOfPage":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/1439/temple-mayor-tenochtitlan/","publisher":"https://www.worldhistory.org#organization","representativeOfPage":false,"url":"https://www.worldhistory.org/image/1439/temple-mayor-tenochtitlan/","width":"800"} </script> </p> <p>Another giant project of Ahuitzotl was the construction of a large canal to bring fresh water from Coyoacan to Tenochtitlan. However, in a version recounted by Duran, the project got off to a bad start when it brought so much water that it flooded the city. The priests blamed the disaster on the fact that Ahuitzotl had rashly killed a ruler of Coyoacan, and so this was revenge from Chalchiuhtlicue, the water goddess. </p> <h3>Death & Successors</h3> <p>Ahuitzotl's reign came to a mysterious end when he contracted a strange and fatal disease, dying in the year 10 Rabbit. In another version of events the king died from a blow to the head while he was trying to escape the flood at Tenochtitlan. Death by a wasting disease suggests that he may well have been poisoned, like his predecessor, such was the competition between members of the ruling family to possess the title which permitted the holder semi-divine status. In a lavish ceremony, Ahuitzotl was cremated on a funeral pyre atop the Templo Mayor and his ashes buried beneath the nearby sacred precinct.</p> <p>Ahuitzotl would pass on a prosperous empire to the next and tragically last true Aztec ruler, his nephew Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (Montezuma) who faced and was murdered by the visitors from the Old World in 1520 CE. During the chaos of the Spanish <a href="/warfare/">conquest</a>, Ahuitzotl's son Cuauhtemoc seized power and resisted the invaders until 1525 CE. Even after his death, the legend of Ahuitzotl the great warrior held strong for his son dressed one of his men in the regal clothes of his father, which inspired the Aztec army to a rare, if only temporary, victory during the long siege of Tenochtitlan. </p><div class="ad_Mobile_Intext ahe-ad intext-ad-5"> <a href="/membership/?utm_source=whe&utm_medium=remove_ads_button_en&utm_campaign=membership" class="ad_membership_notice" rel="nofollow">Remove Ads</a> <div class="ad_header">Advertisement</div>  <div id='div-adcontainer-AHE_Mobile_Intext_5' class="adcontainer intext innerwrapper mobile desktop"> </div> </div></p> </article> <div id="ci_rating_wrapper"> <div class="rating_label filter_label">Did you like this definition?</div> <div id="ci_rating_buttons_wrapper"> <div class="rating_button up base" data-rating="1"></div> <div class="rating_button down base" data-rating="-1"></div> </div> </div> <div id="sections_below_links"> <p> <a href="/interestemails/?tags=Ahuitzotl+Aztec_Sacrifice+Aztec_Warfare+Motecuhzoma_II+Templo_Mayor+Tenochtitlan" class="topic_subscribe outline_button below_article">Subscribe to topic</a> <a href="#ci_related_content_outer_wrapper" class="outline_button">Related Content</a> <a href="#books_preview" class="outline_button">Books</a> <a href="#citation_info" class="outline_button">Cite This Work</a> <a href="#ci_author_and_copyright" class="outline_button">License</a> </p> </div> <div class="editorial_review_notice"> <span class="editorial_review_header">Editorial Review</span> This human-authored article has been reviewed by our editorial team before publication to ensure accuracy, reliability and adherence to academic standards in accordance with our <a href="/static/editorial-policy/">editorial policy</a>. </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="ad_Flexi_BottomLeft ahe-ad"> <a href="/membership/?utm_source=whe&utm_medium=remove_ads_button_en&utm_campaign=membership" class="ad_membership_notice" rel="nofollow">Remove Ads</a> <div class="ad_header">Advertisement</div>  <div id="div-adcontainer-AHE_Flexi_BottomLeft" class="adcontainer worldhistory_below_content"> </div> </div> <style> .map_container.il { border: none; } .map_container h3 { text-align: center; } </style> <div id="references"> <h2>Bibliography</h2> <ul id="reference_list" class="ref_list bibliography"> <li id="bibID__1c558ea260c7718534ed2d023c3fd4cd"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0195149092/" rel="sponsored">Almere Read, K. <i>Mesoamerican Mythology.</i> Oxford University Press, 2002.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__0b78230e9d292af27f122e54d567d30f"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0500287554/" rel="sponsored">Coe, M.D. <i>Mexico.</i> Thames & Hudson, 2008.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__34b035259d3fb2f0a11af4ecbd0a45aa"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0300053258/" rel="sponsored">Kubler, G. <i>The Art and Architecture of Ancient America, Third Edition.</i> Yale University Press, 1984.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__cf4361c6579ae3e38840001c122b26d1"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0714125857/" rel="sponsored">McEwan, C. <i>Moctezuma.</i> British Museum Press, 2009.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__52874e46902fafb215ba662691c74b13"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0500204144/" rel="sponsored">Miller, M.E. <i>The Art of Mesoamerica.</i> Thames & Hudson, 2012.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__340591a3c69d4c9dbc2ff85e5259b384"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/B00E6TJW6Y/" rel="sponsored">Nichols, D.L. et al. <i>The Oxford Handbook of Mesoamerican Archaeology.</i> Oxford University Press, USA.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__7437108c7d163e9bcd1a4e9420b1d4b0"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0754817296/" rel="sponsored">Phillips, C. <i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Aztec & Maya& Central America - Including The Aztec..</i> Lorenz Books, 2007.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__df12a4510149d95a7b5384c8f066e9a9"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0140206787/" rel="sponsored">Soustelle, J. <i>Daily Life of the Aztecs.</i> Penguin Books Ltd, 1971.</a></cite> </li> <li id="bibID__a1d8737e79a60c794f84e8fa3f1f3caf"> <cite class="bib_text"><a href="/books/0500287910/" rel="sponsored">Townsend, R.F. <i>The Aztecs.</i> Thames & Hudson, 2009.</a></cite> </li> </ul> <div class="book_promo_wrapper"></div> <span class="light affiliate_notice">World History Encyclopedia is an Amazon Associate and earns a commission on qualifying book purchases.</span> <div id="books_rec"> </div> <script> jsQueue(()=>{ $("ul.bibliography").sortList(); 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(2016, July 12). <a href="https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahuitzotl/" class="no_external">Ahuitzotl</a>. <i>World History Encyclopedia</i>. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahuitzotl/ </p> </div> </div> <div class="citation_chicago"> <h4>Chicago Style</h4> <div class="citation_details citation_style"> <p> Cartwright, Mark. "<a href="https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahuitzotl/" class="no_external">Ahuitzotl</a>." <i>World History Encyclopedia</i>. Last modified July 12, 2016. https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahuitzotl/. </p> </div> </div> <div class="citation_mla citation_style"> <h4>MLA Style</h4> <div class="citation_details"> <p> Cartwright, Mark. "<a href="https://www.worldhistory.org/Ahuitzotl/" class="no_external">Ahuitzotl</a>." <i>World History Encyclopedia</i>. World History Encyclopedia, 12 Jul 2016. Web. 26 Feb 2025. </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ci_author_and_copyright" id="ci_author_and_copyright"> <h2>License & Copyright</h2> <p> Submitted by <a href="/user/markzcartwright/" rel="author" title="User Page: Mark Cartwright">Mark Cartwright</a>, published on 12 July 2016. The copyright holder has published this content under the following license: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en" rel="nofollow">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike</a>. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. 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Ahuitzotl - World History Encyclopedia