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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prehistory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prehistory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_colonial_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_colonial_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Spanish colonial period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_colonial_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German_colonial_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German_colonial_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>German colonial period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German_colonial_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese_colonial_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_colonial_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Japanese colonial period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_colonial_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.N._trust_territory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.N._trust_territory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>U.N. trust territory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-U.N._trust_territory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States_commonwealth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_commonwealth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>United States commonwealth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_commonwealth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Villages_and_towns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Villages_and_towns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Villages and towns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Villages_and_towns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labor_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labor_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Labor controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Labor_controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Labor controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Labor_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jack_Abramoff_CNMI_scandal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jack_Abramoff_CNMI_scandal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jack_Abramoff_CNMI_scandal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_contract_labor_abuse_and_exemptions_from_U.S._federal_regulations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_contract_labor_abuse_and_exemptions_from_U.S._federal_regulations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Foreign contract labor abuse and exemptions from U.S. federal regulations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_contract_labor_abuse_and_exemptions_from_U.S._federal_regulations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imperial_Pacific_Holdings_Casino" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imperial_Pacific_Holdings_Casino"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Imperial Pacific Holdings Casino</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Imperial_Pacific_Holdings_Casino-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_local_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_local_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Other local issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_local_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-From_Saipan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_Saipan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>From Saipan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_Saipan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_the_mainland_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_the_mainland_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2</span> <span>From the mainland United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_the_mainland_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Appearances_in_literature_and_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Appearances_in_literature_and_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Appearances in literature and media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appearances_in_literature_and_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 71 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سايبان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سايبان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saip%C3%A1n" title="Saipán – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Saipán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saypan" title="Saypan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Saypan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سایپان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سایپان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сайпан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сайпан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сайпан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сайпан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan_Island" title="Saipan Island – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Saipan Island" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%8A%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Σαϊπάν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαϊπάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saip%C3%A1n" title="Saipán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Saipán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipano" title="Saipano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Saipano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D9%86" title="سایپن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سایپن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%ED%8C%90%EC%84%AC" title="사이판섬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사이판섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սայպան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սայպան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8" title="साइपैन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साइपैन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%ADpan" title="Saípan – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Saípan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9F" title="סאיפאן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סאיפאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="საიპანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საიპანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сайпан – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сайпан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipana" title="Saipana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Saipana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipanas" title="Saipanas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Saipanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%87)" title="سايبان (جزيره) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سايبان (جزيره)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3%E5%B3%B6" title="サイパン島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サイパン島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سائپین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائپین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سایپان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سایپان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saip%C3%A3" title="Saipã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Saipã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сайпан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сайпан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сајпан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сајпан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சைப்பேன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சைப்பேன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="เกาะไซปัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกาะไซปัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сайпан – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сайпан" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%CA%BBipani" title="Saʻipani – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Saʻipani" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сайпан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сайпан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سائپین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سائپین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saipan" title="Saipan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Saipan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%8F%AD%E5%B2%9B" title="塞班岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="塞班岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%8F%AD" title="塞班 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="塞班" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%8F%AD%E5%B2%9B" title="塞班岛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塞班岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q51679#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&params=15_11_N_145_45_E_region:MP_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">15°11′N</span> <span class="longitude">145°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">15.183°N 145.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">15.183; 145.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Largest island and capital of the Northern Mariana Islands</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Saipan" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Saipan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Saipan (disambiguation)">Saipan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Saipan</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:230px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:3px 0 0 3px"><div style="display:table;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 3px 3px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saipan_at_Night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Saipan_at_Night.jpg/230px-Saipan_at_Night.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Saipan_at_Night.jpg/345px-Saipan_at_Night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Saipan_at_Night.jpg/460px-Saipan_at_Night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="721" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:#FFFFFF;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 3px 3px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saipan_USGS_1999_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Saipan_USGS_1999_map.jpg/230px-Saipan_USGS_1999_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Saipan_USGS_1999_map.jpg/345px-Saipan_USGS_1999_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Saipan_USGS_1999_map.jpg/460px-Saipan_USGS_1999_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3738" data-file-height="5000" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="infobox-caption">Top: Garapan Skyline; Bottom: Topographic map of Saipan Island</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mariana_Islands_-_Saipan.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Mariana_Islands_-_Saipan.PNG/260px-Mariana_Islands_-_Saipan.PNG" decoding="async" width="260" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Mariana_Islands_-_Saipan.PNG/390px-Mariana_Islands_-_Saipan.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Mariana_Islands_-_Saipan.PNG/520px-Mariana_Islands_-_Saipan.PNG 2x" data-file-width="829" data-file-height="538" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">Pacific Ocean</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&params=15_11_N_145_45_E_region:MP_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">15°11′N</span> <span class="longitude">145°45′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">15.183°N 145.750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">15.183; 145.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archipelago</th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Marianas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">118.98 km<sup>2</sup> (45.94 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">12 mi (19 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data">5.6 mi (9 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">1,560 ft (475 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest point</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Tapochau" title="Mount Tapochau">Mount Tapochau</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div><b>United States</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commonwealth</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest settlement</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Garapan" class="mw-redirect" title="Garapan">Garapan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Ramon Camacho</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Demonym</th><td class="infobox-data">Chamorro; Carolinian (Refaluwasch)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">43,385 (2020)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ethnic groups</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul style="line-height:1.3em;"><li>50.9% <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a></li><li>33.6% <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islander" title="Pacific Islander">Pacific Islander</a></li><li>2.1% <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">White</a></li><li>0.2% others</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Additional information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChST" class="mw-redirect" title="ChST">ChST</a> (<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B10" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+10">UTC+10</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_code" class="mw-redirect" title="ZIP code">ZIP code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">96950</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_670" title="Area code 670">670</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2" title="ISO 3166-2">ISO code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">580</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://governor.gov.mp">https://governor.gov.mp</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Saipan</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span>) is the largest island and capital of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States" title="Territories of the United States">Territory of the United States</a> in the western <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>. According to 2020 estimates by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the population of Saipan was 43,385.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its people have been United States citizens since the 1980s. Saipan is one of the main homes of the <a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Chamorro</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Oceania" title="Indigenous peoples of Oceania">Indigenous people</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Mariana Islands</a>. </p><p>Saipan has been inhabited for over four thousand years. From the 17th century, the island experienced <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire#Pacific_exploration_and_trade" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish occupation and rule</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a> of 1898, when Saipan was briefly occupied by the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, before being <a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Spanish_Treaty_(1899)" title="German–Spanish Treaty (1899)">formally</a> sold <a href="/wiki/German_New_Guinea#Imperial_German_Pacific_protectorates" title="German New Guinea">to Germany</a>. About 15 years of German rule were <a href="/wiki/South_Seas_Mandate" title="South Seas Mandate">followed</a> by 30 years of <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japanese rule</a>, which was ended by the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saipan" title="Battle of Saipan">Battle of Saipan</a>, as the United States began to take <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Philippine_Sea" title="Battle of the Philippine Sea">control of the Philippine Sea</a>. Following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Saipan became part of the <a href="/wiki/Trust_Territory_of_the_Pacific_Islands" title="Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands">Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands</a>, and was administered by the United States, along with rest of the Northern Marianas. In 1978, Saipan formally joined the United States as part of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._insular_area)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)">Commonwealth</a> of the Northern Mariana Islands. </p><p>Today, Saipan is home to about 90% of the population of the Northern Mariana Islands. It hosts many resorts, golf courses, beaches, nature sites, and WW2 historical sites. The legislative and executive branches of Commonwealth government are located in the village of <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill,_Saipan" title="Capitol Hill, Saipan">Capitol Hill</a> on the island while the judicial branch is headquartered in the village of <a href="/wiki/Susupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Susupe">Susupe</a>. Since the entire island is organized as a single <a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a>, most publications designate Saipan as the Commonwealth's capital. As of 2023, Saipan's mayor is Ramon Camacho and the governor of the Northern Mariana Islands is <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Palacios" title="Arnold Palacios">Arnold Palacios</a>. </p><p>Saipan was hit by <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Yutu" title="Typhoon Yutu">Typhoon Yutu</a> in 2018, which caused widespread damage. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Chamorro_language" title="Chamorro language">Chamorro language</a>, the island is called <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Saipan" class="extiw" title="wikt:Saipan">Saipan</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Carolinian_people" title="Carolinian people">Carolinian people</a> who wished to claim prior inhabitance of the island have <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">asserted</a> that the name derives from the <a href="/wiki/Carolinian_language" title="Carolinian language">Carolinian</a> word <span title="Carolinian-language text"><i lang="cal">sááypéél</i></span> (literal meaning, "a voyage empty"), in reference to a legendary Carolinian voyage of discovery of the primordial island.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prehistory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traces of human settlements on Saipan have been found by archaeologists ranging over 4,000 years, including <a href="/wiki/Kalabera_Cave" title="Kalabera Cave">petroglyphs</a>, ancient <a href="/wiki/Latte_Stones" class="mw-redirect" title="Latte Stones">Latte Stones</a>, and other artifacts pointing to cultural affinities with <a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a> and with similar stone monuments in <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_colonial_period">Spanish colonial period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Spanish colonial period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saipan, together with Tinian, was possibly first sighted by Europeans during the Spanish expedition of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Ferdinand Magellan</a>, when it made a landing in the southern Marianas on March 6, 1521.<sup id="cite_ref-Rogers_&_Ballendorf_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rogers_&_Ballendorf-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is likely Saipan was sighted by Gonzalo Gómez de Espinosa in 1522 on board of Spanish ship <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_(ship)" title="Trinidad (ship)"><i>Trinidad</i></a>, which he commanded after the death of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Ferdinand Magellan</a> who died in the Battle of Mactan in Cebu, Philippines. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is likely to have occurred after the sighting of the <a href="/wiki/Maug_Islands" title="Maug Islands">Maug Islands</a> between the end of August and the end of September 1522. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Castaway#Gonzalo_de_Vigo" title="Castaway">Gonzalo de Vigo</a> deserted in the Maugs from Gomez de Espinosa's <i>Trinidad</i> and during the next four years, living with the local indigenous <a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Chamorro people</a>, visited thirteen main islands in the Marianas and possibly Saipan among them. The first clear evidence of Europeans arriving to Saipan was by the <a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Manila galleon</a> <i>Santa Margarita</i> commanded by Juan Martínez de Guillistegui, that wrecked on the island in February 1600 and whose survivors stayed on it for two years, until 250 were rescued by the <i>Santo Tomas</i> and the <i>Jesus María</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Spanish formally occupied the island in 1668, with the missionary expedition of <a href="/wiki/Diego_Luis_de_San_Vitores" title="Diego Luis de San Vitores">Diego Luis de San Vitores</a> who named it <i>San José</i>. After 1670, it became a port of call for Portuguese, Spanish, occasional English, Dutch and French ships as a supply station for food and water.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The native population shrank dramatically due to European-introduced diseases and conflicts over land. The Chamorros were forcibly relocated to <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> fearing the spread of leprosy in 1720 for better control and assimilation. Under Spanish rule, the island was developed into ranches for raising cattle and pigs, which were used as provision for <a href="/wiki/Spanish_galleon" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish galleon">Spanish galleons</a> originating from the Philippines on their way to Mexico and vice versa. </p><p>Around 1815, many <a href="/wiki/Carolinian_people" title="Carolinian people">Carolinians</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from <a href="/wiki/Satawal" title="Satawal">Satawal</a> settled Saipan during a period when the Chamorros were imprisoned on Guam, which resulted in a significant loss of land and rights for the Chamorro natives. The Caroline Islands had suffered a devastating typhoon that destroyed their crops. The leader of this company was an individual named "Chief Aghurubw," who sailed to Guam to ask the Spanish governor permission to settle on the islands. The Spaniards allowed Chief Aghurubw to settle on the island of Saipan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Marianas archipelago was under the protectorate of the Spanish General Government of the Philippines; the Guardia Civil and Macabebe soldiers of the Province of Pampanga frequently made port calls to the islands to ensure law and order.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="structure of sentence confuses the point being made (May 2024)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="German_colonial_period">German colonial period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: German colonial period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a> of 1898, Saipan was occupied by the United States. However, it was then sold by Spain to the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under the terms of the <a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Spanish_Treaty_(1899)" title="German–Spanish Treaty (1899)">German–Spanish Treaty</a> of 1899. </p><p>The island was administered by Germany as part of <a href="/wiki/German_New_Guinea" title="German New Guinea">German New Guinea</a>, but during the German period, there was no attempt to develop or settle the island, which remained under the control of its Spanish and <a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">mestizo</a> landowners.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese_colonial_period">Japanese colonial period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Japanese colonial period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sugar_factory_of_Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha,_Saipan_in_1932.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Sugar_factory_of_Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha%2C_Saipan_in_1932.png/220px-Sugar_factory_of_Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha%2C_Saipan_in_1932.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Sugar_factory_of_Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha%2C_Saipan_in_1932.png/330px-Sugar_factory_of_Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha%2C_Saipan_in_1932.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Sugar_factory_of_Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha%2C_Saipan_in_1932.png/440px-Sugar_factory_of_Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha%2C_Saipan_in_1932.png 2x" data-file-width="1120" data-file-height="698" /></a><figcaption>Sugar factory of Nan'yō Kōhatsu, Saipan around 1932</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1914, during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the island was captured by the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a>. Japan was awarded formal control of the island in 1919 by the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> as a part of its <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations_mandate" title="League of Nations mandate">mandated territory</a> of the <a href="/wiki/South_Seas_Mandate" title="South Seas Mandate">South Seas Mandate</a>. Militarily and economically, Saipan was one of the most important islands in the mandate and became the center of subsequent Japanese settlement. Immigration began in the 1920s by ethnic Japanese, Koreans, Taiwanese and <a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_people" title="Ryukyuan people">Okinawans</a>, who developed large-scale sugar plantations. The <a href="/wiki/South_Seas_Development_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="South Seas Development Company">South Seas Development Company</a> built sugar refineries and—under Japanese rule—extensive infrastructure development occurred, including the construction of port facilities, waterworks, power stations, paved roads and schools, along with entertainment facilities and <a href="/wiki/Shinto_shrine" title="Shinto shrine">Shinto shrines</a>. By October 1943, Saipan had a civilian population of 29,348 Japanese settlers and 3,926 Chamorro and Carolinian Islanders.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marines_march_through_Garapan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Marines_march_through_Garapan.jpg/220px-Marines_march_through_Garapan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Marines_march_through_Garapan.jpg/330px-Marines_march_through_Garapan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Marines_march_through_Garapan.jpg/440px-Marines_march_through_Garapan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Marines march through <a href="/wiki/Garapan" class="mw-redirect" title="Garapan">Garapan</a>, July 1944</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marine_infantrymen_on_Saipan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Marine_infantrymen_on_Saipan.jpg/220px-Marine_infantrymen_on_Saipan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Marine_infantrymen_on_Saipan.jpg/330px-Marine_infantrymen_on_Saipan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Marine_infantrymen_on_Saipan.jpg/440px-Marine_infantrymen_on_Saipan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Marine infantrymen in <a href="/wiki/Garapan" class="mw-redirect" title="Garapan">Garapan</a>, Saipan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22A_member_of_a_Marine_patrol_on_Saipan_found_this_family_of_Japs_hiding_in_a_hillside_cave._The_mother,_four_children_an_-_NARA_-_532380.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/%22A_member_of_a_Marine_patrol_on_Saipan_found_this_family_of_Japs_hiding_in_a_hillside_cave._The_mother%2C_four_children_an_-_NARA_-_532380.tif/lossy-page1-220px-%22A_member_of_a_Marine_patrol_on_Saipan_found_this_family_of_Japs_hiding_in_a_hillside_cave._The_mother%2C_four_children_an_-_NARA_-_532380.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/%22A_member_of_a_Marine_patrol_on_Saipan_found_this_family_of_Japs_hiding_in_a_hillside_cave._The_mother%2C_four_children_an_-_NARA_-_532380.tif/lossy-page1-330px-%22A_member_of_a_Marine_patrol_on_Saipan_found_this_family_of_Japs_hiding_in_a_hillside_cave._The_mother%2C_four_children_an_-_NARA_-_532380.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/%22A_member_of_a_Marine_patrol_on_Saipan_found_this_family_of_Japs_hiding_in_a_hillside_cave._The_mother%2C_four_children_an_-_NARA_-_532380.tif/lossy-page1-440px-%22A_member_of_a_Marine_patrol_on_Saipan_found_this_family_of_Japs_hiding_in_a_hillside_cave._The_mother%2C_four_children_an_-_NARA_-_532380.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2465" /></a><figcaption> A Marine finds a woman and her four children hiding in a hillside cave. June 21, 1944</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saipan" title="Battle of Saipan">Battle of Saipan</a></div> <p>Japan considered Saipan to be part of the last line of defenses for the Japanese homeland, and thus had strongly committed to defending it. The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Imperial Japanese Navy">Imperial Japanese Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrisoned</a> Saipan heavily from the late 1930s, building numerous coastal artillery batteries, shore defenses, underground fortifications and an airstrip. In mid-1944, nearly 30,000 troops were based on the island. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saipan" title="Battle of Saipan">Battle of Saipan</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from June 15 to July 9, 1944, was one of the major campaigns of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> landed on the beaches of the south-western side of the island and, after more than three weeks in heavy fighting, captured the island from the Japanese. The battle cost the Americans 3,426 killed and 10,364 wounded. </p><p>Of the estimated 30,000 Japanese defenders, only 921 were taken prisoner. The weapons used, and the tactics of close quarter fighting, also resulted in high civilian casualties. Some 20,000 Japanese civilians perished during the battle, including over 1,000 who jumped from "<a href="/wiki/Suicide_Cliff" title="Suicide Cliff">Suicide Cliff</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Banzai_Cliff" title="Banzai Cliff">Banzai Cliff</a>" rather than be caught and taken prisoner.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Seabee" title="Seabee">Seabees</a> of the U.S. Navy also landed, to initiate construction projects. With the capture of Saipan, the American military was only 1,300 miles (2,100 km) from the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_home_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese home islands">Japanese home islands</a>, which placed most Japanese cities within striking distance of United States' <a href="/wiki/B-29_Superfortress" class="mw-redirect" title="B-29 Superfortress">B-29 Superfortress</a> bombers. The loss of Saipan was a heavy blow to both the military and civilian administration of Japanese Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Hideki_T%C5%8Dj%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hideki Tōjō">Hideki Tōjō</a>, who was forced to resign.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The wartime history is interpreted on Saipan at <a href="/wiki/American_Memorial_Park" title="American Memorial Park">American Memorial Park</a> and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Museum of History and Culture. After the war, nearly all of the surviving Japanese settlers were repatriated to Japan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.N._trust_territory">U.N. trust territory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: U.N. trust territory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After World War II, Saipan became part of the <a href="/wiki/Trust_Territory_of_the_Pacific_Islands" title="Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands">Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands</a>, administered by the United States. </p><p>The U.S. bases on Saipan closed or were converted to other purposes, for example the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Advance_Base_Saipan" title="Naval Advance Base Saipan">Naval Advance Base Saipan</a> from 1962 to 1986 was the headquarters for the U.N Trusteeship.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/East_Field_(Saipan)" title="East Field (Saipan)">East Field</a> airbase was used as an airport until the 1960s, after its military use ended in 1946. Later on the area was made into a golf course. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_commonwealth">United States commonwealth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: United States commonwealth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1975_Northern_Mariana_Islands_status_referendum" title="1975 Northern Mariana Islands status referendum">1975 Northern Mariana Islands status referendum</a></div> <p>The Northern Mariana islanders voted to join the United States in 1975, and the island became a municipality of the newly-formed <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands">Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands</a> in 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 4, 1986, the islanders of the Northern Marianas including Saipan became United States citizens and the Northern Marianas formally became a part of the United States of America.<sup id="cite_ref-Nov4_1986_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nov4_1986-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This meant that U.S. citizens could visit or live in Saipan and the rest of the CNMI without a passport and vice versa.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suicide_Cliff_in_Saipan_3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Suicide_Cliff_in_Saipan_3.JPG/250px-Suicide_Cliff_in_Saipan_3.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Suicide_Cliff_in_Saipan_3.JPG/375px-Suicide_Cliff_in_Saipan_3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Suicide_Cliff_in_Saipan_3.JPG/500px-Suicide_Cliff_in_Saipan_3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Mount Marpi in Saipan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saipan_soil_map,_1988.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Saipan_soil_map%2C_1988.jpg/220px-Saipan_soil_map%2C_1988.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="445" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Saipan_soil_map%2C_1988.jpg/330px-Saipan_soil_map%2C_1988.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Saipan_soil_map%2C_1988.jpg/440px-Saipan_soil_map%2C_1988.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1577" data-file-height="3192" /></a><figcaption>Map of soil types on the island of Saipan</figcaption></figure> <p>Saipan is the largest island in the Northern Mariana Islands. It is about 120 mi (190 km) north of <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> and 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) northeast of <a href="/wiki/Tinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinian">Tinian</a>, from which it is separated by the <a href="/wiki/Saipan_Channel" title="Saipan Channel">Saipan Channel</a>. Saipan is about 12 mi (19 km) long and 5.6 mi (9.0 km) wide, with a land area of 115.38 km<sup>2</sup> (44.55 sq mi). </p><p>The western side of the island is lined with sandy beaches and an offshore <a href="/wiki/Coral_reef" title="Coral reef">coral reef</a> creates a large <a href="/wiki/Lagoon" title="Lagoon">lagoon</a>. The eastern shore is composed primarily of rugged rocky cliffs and a reef. A narrow <a href="/wiki/Underwater_bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Underwater bank">underwater bank</a> of <a href="/wiki/Marpi_Reef" title="Marpi Reef">Marpi Reef</a> lies 28 mi (45 km) north of the Saipan,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and CK Reef lies in the west of the island.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ManagahaIsland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/ManagahaIsland.jpg/220px-ManagahaIsland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/ManagahaIsland.jpg/330px-ManagahaIsland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/ManagahaIsland.jpg/440px-ManagahaIsland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>On Mañagaha Island, looking back at Saipan west side</figcaption></figure> <p>The highest elevation on Saipan is a limestone-covered mountain called <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tapochau" title="Mount Tapochau">Mount Tapochau</a> at 1,560 ft (480 m). Unlike many of the mountains in the Mariana Islands, it is not an extinct <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcano</a> but is a limestone formation.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To the north of Mount Tapochau towards <a href="/wiki/Banzai_Cliff" title="Banzai Cliff">Banzai Cliff</a>, is a ridge of hills. Mount Achugao, situated about 2 miles north, has been interpreted to be a remnant of a stratified composite <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_cone" title="Volcanic cone">volcanic cone</a> whose <a href="/wiki/Eocene" title="Eocene">Eocene</a> center was not far north of the present peak.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saipan has some additional semi-attached islets, one of which being Bird Island, which is a nature reserve for birds. It is connected to Saipan only at low tide.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Forbidden Island is similar, but larger on the south east side of Saipan.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mañagaha is a small 100 acre island off the west coast, and is a popular tourist destination. Access is by ferry, which is about ten minutes from the mainland. </p><p>An underwater limestone cavern called the Grotto, is up to 20 meters (70 feet) deep.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Grotto_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Grotto-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thai_hot_peppers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thai_hot_peppers.jpg/170px-Thai_hot_peppers.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thai_hot_peppers.jpg/255px-Thai_hot_peppers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Thai_hot_peppers.jpg/340px-Thai_hot_peppers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3008" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thai_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai pepper">Thai hot peppers</a>, similar to Tinian peppers, growing wild.</figcaption></figure> <p>The flora of Saipan is predominantly <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forest</a>. Some developed areas on the island are covered with <i><a href="/wiki/Leucaena_leucocephala" title="Leucaena leucocephala">Leucaena leucocephala</a></i>, also known as "tangan-tangan" trees, which were spread broadly sometime after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. </p><p>Tangan-Tangan trees were introduced, primarily, as an erosion-prevention mechanism, due to the decimation of the landscape brought on by World War II. Remaining native forest occurs in small isolated fragments on steep slopes at low elevations and highland conservation areas of the island. <a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">Coconuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papaya" title="Papaya">papayas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thai_pepper" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai pepper">Thai hot peppers</a> – locally called "donni' såli" or "boonie peppers" – are among the fruits that grow wild. <a href="/wiki/Mangoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangoes">Mangoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taro" title="Taro">taro</a> root, <a href="/wiki/Breadfruit" title="Breadfruit">breadfruit</a> (locally called "Lemai"), and <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">bananas</a> are a few of the many foods cultivated by local families and farmers. </p><p>Saipan is home to multiple endemic bird species. Among them: the <a href="/wiki/Mariana_fruit_dove" title="Mariana fruit dove">Mariana fruit dove</a>, <a href="/wiki/White-throated_ground_dove" title="White-throated ground dove">white-throated ground dove</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bridled_white-eye" title="Bridled white-eye">bridled white-eye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golden_white-eye" title="Golden white-eye">golden white-eye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronesian_myzomela" title="Micronesian myzomela">Micronesian myzomela</a> and the endangered <a href="/wiki/Saipan_reed_warbler" title="Saipan reed warbler">Saipan reed warbler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The island used to have a large population of <a href="/wiki/Achatina_fulica" class="mw-redirect" title="Achatina fulica">giant African land snails</a>, introduced either deliberately as a food source, or accidentally by shipping, which became an agricultural pest.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the last few decades, its numbers have been substantially controlled by an introduced <a href="/wiki/Flatworm" title="Flatworm">flatworm</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Platydemus_manokwari" title="Platydemus manokwari">Platydemus manokwari</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Saipan has a borderline <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_climate" title="Tropical rainforest climate">tropical rainforest climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> <i>Af</i>)/<a href="/wiki/Tropical_monsoon_climate" title="Tropical monsoon climate">tropical monsoon climate</a> (Köppen <i>Am</i>), moderated by seasonal <a href="/wiki/Trade_winds" title="Trade winds">trade winds</a> from the northeast from November to March, and easterly winds from May to October. Average year-round maximum temperature is 84 °F or 28.9 °C. There is little seasonal temperature variation, and Saipan has been cited by the <a href="/wiki/Guinness_Book_of_World_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness Book of World Records">Guinness Book of World Records</a> as having the least fluctuating temperatures in the world. However, the temperature is affected by elevation; hence, the island shows considerable variations between the coastal and mountainous areas. </p><p>The drier season runs from December to June and the rainier season from July to November. <a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">Typhoon</a> season runs from July to December, and Saipan, along with the rest of the Mariana Islands, is subject to at least one typhoon each year. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_Airport" title="Saipan International Airport">Saipan International Airport</a> (1991–2020 normals, extremes 2000–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96<br />(36) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95<br />(35) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(32) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">99<br />(37) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.1<br />(30.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.7<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.1<br />(31.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.3<br />(31.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.4<br />(32.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91.1<br />(32.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.9<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.9<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.1<br />(32.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.2<br />(31.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.5<br />(31.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.0<br />(31.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3600; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">92.5<br />(33.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.1<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.0<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.9<br />(29.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.1<br />(30.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.2<br />(31.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.4<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.8<br />(31.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.2<br />(30.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.2<br />(30.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.6<br />(30.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.5<br />(30.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.7<br />(29.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">86.5<br />(30.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.5<br />(26.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.1<br />(26.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.0<br />(26.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.0<br />(27.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.1<br />(28.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.4<br />(28.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.9<br />(28.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.4<br />(28.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82.2<br />(27.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.8<br />(27.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.9<br />(27.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.0<br />(27.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">81.6<br />(27.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.8<br />(23.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.1<br />(23.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.2<br />(24.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.9<br />(24.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.0<br />(25.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.5<br />(25.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.1<br />(25.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.5<br />(25.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.2<br />(25.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.1<br />(25.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.3<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.4<br />(24.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">76.8<br />(24.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72.5<br />(22.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.5<br />(21.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.7<br />(22.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.4<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.1<br />(23.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.7<br />(24.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.6<br />(23.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.5<br />(23.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.0<br />(23.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.9<br />(23.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.0<br />(23.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.9<br />(23.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">70.6<br />(21.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72<br />(22) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71<br />(22) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72<br />(22) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69<br />(21) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #74FF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.65<br />(93) </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.50<br />(64) </td> <td style="background: #B4FFB4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.96<br />(50) </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.75<br />(70) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.12<br />(79) </td> <td style="background: #58FF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.24<br />(108) </td> <td style="background: #00E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.43<br />(189) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.86<br />(327) </td> <td style="background: #003F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.42<br />(290) </td> <td style="background: #006800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10.72<br />(272) </td> <td style="background: #33FF33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.21<br />(132) </td> <td style="background: #6FFF6F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.78<br />(96) </td> <td style="background: #1FFF1F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69.64<br />(1,769) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.01 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.4 </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.2 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.4 </td> <td style="background: #2222FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.9 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000D2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">24.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">23.9 </td> <td style="background: #0000D4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">23.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">24.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">20.7 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.9 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">237.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> (mean maxima/minima 2006–2020)<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Music on Saipan can generally be broken down into three categories: local, mainland American, and Asian. Local consists of <a href="/wiki/Chamorro_people" title="Chamorro people">Chamorro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carolinian_language" title="Carolinian language">Carolinian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesian</a> Hawaiian Reggae and Palauan music, often with traditional dance for many occasions. Mainland American consists of much of the same music that can be found on U.S. radio. Asian consists of <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Japan" title="Music of Japan">Japanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_music_of_Korea" title="Traditional music of Korea">Korean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music_of_Thailand" title="Music of Thailand">Thai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Philippines" title="Music of the Philippines">Philippine</a> music, among others. There are seven radio stations on Saipan, which play mainly popular and classic English-language songs as well as local and Philippine music.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, an album called <i>Music Of The Marianas: Made In Saipan Vol.1</i>, featured 20 songs from a diverse collection of CNMI artists, released by 11th World Productions.<sup id="cite_ref-Release-2017_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Release-2017-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CD features artists ranging from Church choral works, to mellow acoustic works, and underground island hip-hop.<sup id="cite_ref-Release-2017_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Release-2017-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Television">Television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local television stations on Saipan are the following: </p> <ul><li>KPPI-LP (ABC7), the <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> affiliate (simulcasts <a href="/wiki/KTGM" title="KTGM">KTGM</a>), which is owned by <a href="/wiki/Rex_Sorensen" title="Rex Sorensen">Sorensen Media Group</a>.</li> <li>KSPN 2, which is owned by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Flame_Tree_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flame Tree Network (page does not exist)">Flame Tree Network</a>.</li> <li>The Visitors Channel 3, which is owned by the Flame Tree Network.</li> <li>WSZE-TV 10, the <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> affiliate (repeats <a href="/wiki/KUAM-TV" title="KUAM-TV">KUAM-TV</a> in Guam), which is owned by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pacific_Telestations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pacific Telestations (page does not exist)">Pacific Telestations</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saipan_airport_terminal_detail_(36753081970).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Saipan_airport_terminal_detail_%2836753081970%29.jpg/220px-Saipan_airport_terminal_detail_%2836753081970%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Saipan_airport_terminal_detail_%2836753081970%29.jpg/330px-Saipan_airport_terminal_detail_%2836753081970%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Saipan_airport_terminal_detail_%2836753081970%29.jpg/440px-Saipan_airport_terminal_detail_%2836753081970%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_Airport" title="Saipan International Airport">Saipan International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Travel to and from the island is available from nine international airlines via <a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_Airport" title="Saipan International Airport">Saipan International Airport</a>. A small airline based on Tinian flies small twins to the islands of the Northern Marianas, typically short flights from island to island and Guam. A ferry once operated between Saipan and <a href="/wiki/Tinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinian">Tinian</a> but was halted in 2010, reportedly for maintenance, and was never reinstated. </p><p>One of the island's two main thoroughfares, Beach Road, is located on the western coast of Saipan. At some parts of the road, the beach is only a few feet away. <a href="/wiki/Delonix_regia" title="Delonix regia">Flame trees</a> and pine trees line the street. The street also connects more than six villages that lie on the western coast of the island. Middle Road is the island's largest road and runs through its central section. Like Beach Road, Middle Road connects several villages throughout the island. Several offices, shops, hotels, and residences lie on or nearby these highways. Middle Road is labeled "Chalan Pale Arnold" on maps, but very few people call it that. Aside from school buses, there is little to no public transportation on Saipan. Cars are the transportation of choice with motorcycles being the only other truly viable transportation method while bicycles are only viable in certain areas. Proper sidewalks are uncommon on the island with the majority located in Garapan and several at the corner turns of stoplights. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Villages_and_towns">Villages and towns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Villages and towns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saipan_Mayor%27s_Office.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Saipan_Mayor%27s_Office.JPG/220px-Saipan_Mayor%27s_Office.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Saipan_Mayor%27s_Office.JPG/330px-Saipan_Mayor%27s_Office.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Saipan_Mayor%27s_Office.JPG/440px-Saipan_Mayor%27s_Office.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Former location of the Saipan Mayor's Office as of 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>The island of Saipan has a total of 30 "official" villages. However, there are many sub-areas and neighborhoods located in certain villages such as <i>Afetnas</i> in San Antonio and <i>Tapochau</i> and <i>I Denne</i> in Capitol Hill. Those marked "SV:" are the sub-villages. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/As_Lito" class="mw-redirect" title="As Lito">As Lito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Matuis" class="mw-redirect" title="As Matuis">As Matuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Perdido" class="mw-redirect" title="As Perdido">As Perdido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill,_Saipan" title="Capitol Hill, Saipan">Capitol Hill</a> <i>SV: I Denne, Tapochau, and Wireless Ridge</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Kanoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalan Kanoa">Chalan Kanoa</a> <i>SV: Laly I, II, III, and IV</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Kiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalan Kiya">Chalan Kiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chalan_Laulau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chalan Laulau (page does not exist)">Chalan Laulau</a> <i>SV: Quartermaster</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Piao" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalan Piao">Chalan Piao</a></li> <li>Chinatown</li> <li>Dandan <i>SV: Airport Road, Naftan, and Obyan</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fina_Sisu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fina Sisu (page does not exist)">Fina Sisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garapan" class="mw-redirect" title="Garapan">Garapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gualo_Rai" class="mw-redirect" title="Gualo Rai">Gualo Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagman" class="mw-redirect" title="Kagman">Kagman</a> <i>SV: I, II, and III</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannat_Tabla" class="mw-redirect" title="Kannat Tabla">Kannat Tabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koblerville" class="mw-redirect" title="Koblerville">Koblerville</a> <i>SV: As Gonno</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lower_Base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lower Base (page does not exist)">Lower Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marpi" class="mw-redirect" title="Marpi">Marpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navy_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Navy Hill">Navy Hill</a> <i>SV: Chalan Galaide and Rapagao</i></li> <li>Oleai</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papago,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Papago, Saipan (page does not exist)">Papago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadog_Tasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadog Tasi (page does not exist)">Sadog Tasi</a> <i>SV: As Mahetog</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio,_Saipan" title="San Antonio, Saipan">San Antonio</a> <i>SV: Afetnas</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Jos%C3%A9,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San José, Saipan (page does not exist)">San Jose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Roque,_Saipan" title="San Roque, Saipan">San Roque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Vicente,_Saipan" title="San Vicente, Saipan">San Vicente</a> <i>SV: Lao Lao Beach</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Susupe">Susupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanapag" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanapag">Tanapag</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Managaha_SW_2014.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Managaha_SW_2014.JPG/220px-Managaha_SW_2014.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Managaha_SW_2014.JPG/330px-Managaha_SW_2014.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Managaha_SW_2014.JPG/440px-Managaha_SW_2014.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Managaha Island</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saipan,_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_-_panoramio_(8).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Saipan%2C_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg/220px-Saipan%2C_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Saipan%2C_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg/330px-Saipan%2C_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Saipan%2C_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg/440px-Saipan%2C_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_-_panoramio_%288%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Bird Island, Saipan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Line3764_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Line3764_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/180px-Line3764_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Line3764_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/270px-Line3764_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Line3764_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/360px-Line3764_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1927" data-file-height="2494" /></a><figcaption>Forbidden Island, popular area for hikers. At low tide the island is connected</figcaption></figure> <p>Noted tourist destinations on Saipan include Managaha Island (100 acre tropical beach island visited by ferry), <a href="/wiki/American_Memorial_Park" title="American Memorial Park">American Memorial Park</a> and Micro Beach, a 1 km beach on the west side, making it possible to see the sun set.,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Latte_Stones" class="mw-redirect" title="Latte Stones">Latte Stones</a> (old stones structures from the island's past), <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tapochau" title="Mount Tapochau">Mount Tapochau</a> (highest point with views of Saipan), this site is known for its views and its possible to see other islands on clear day and is topped by a statue of Jesus Christ. Last Command Post (War history site of a Japanese command post in the WW2 Battle of Saipan), Bird Island Sanctuary beach (beach by Bird Island sanctuary), faces east. There is also a Bird Island observatory to the south for observing the birds),<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Forbidden Island, a small island that is connected to Saipan at low tide and can be hiked onto, but at high tide the water separates the two. The island also features a lookout.,<sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg.com-2018_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg.com-2018-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Lighthouse_(Garapan,_Saipan)" title="Japanese Lighthouse (Garapan, Saipan)">Japanese Lighthouse</a> (a lighthouse built in 1934 when the Northern Marianas were in the Japanese Mandate, currently a cafe with island views),<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/NMI_Museum_of_History_and_Culture" title="NMI Museum of History and Culture">NMI Museum of History and Culture</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and The Grotto, a large underwater limestone cavern.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Grotto_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Grotto-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tourism had traditionally been a vital source of the island's revenue and economic activities. But in the 1980s, garment manufacturing became one of the main economic driving forces in Saipan when the U.S. government agreed that the <a href="/wiki/CNMI" class="mw-redirect" title="CNMI">CNMI</a> would be exempted from certain federal minimum wage and immigration laws. While one result of these changes was an increase in hotels and tourism, the main consequence was that dozens of garment factories opened and clothing manufacturing became the island's chief economic force, employing thousands of foreign contract laborers (mostly young Chinese women) at low wages. The manufacturers could legally label these low cost garments "Made in the U.S.A." and the clothing shipped to the U.S. market was also exempt from U.S. tariffs. By 1998, the island's garment industry exported close to $1 billion worth of apparel products to the mainland. The working conditions and treatment experienced by employees in these factories were the subject of controversy and criticism.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the <a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a> (GATT) expired in 2005, thus eliminating quotas on textile exports to the United States, Saipan's garment factories started closing one after another. From a high of 34 garment factories in the late 1990s, By March 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 19 companies manufactured garments on Saipan. In addition to many foreign-owned and run companies, many well-known U.S. brands also operated garment factories in Saipan for much of the last three decades. Brands included <a href="/wiki/Gap_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gap (clothing)">Gap</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Levi_Strauss" title="Levi Strauss">Levi Strauss</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Phillips-Van_Heusen" class="mw-redirect" title="Phillips-Van Heusen">Phillips-Van Heusen</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitch" title="Abercrombie & Fitch">Abercrombie & Fitch</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/L%27Oreal" class="mw-redirect" title="L'Oreal">L'Oreal</a> subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Lauren" title="Ralph Lauren">Ralph Lauren</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polo_Ralph_Lauren" class="mw-redirect" title="Polo Ralph Lauren">Polo</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor" title="Lord & Taylor">Lord & Taylor</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger" title="Tommy Hilfiger">Tommy Hilfiger</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Walmart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By January 15, 2009, the island's last garment factory shuttered their doors.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 28, 2009, the federal government took control of immigration to the Northern Mariana Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, casino gaming has come to Saipan with at least five casinos now operating on the island. As of 2016, <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Pacific_International_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Pacific International Holdings">Imperial Pacific International Holdings</a>, a Chinese company listed on the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange" title="Hong Kong Stock Exchange">Hong Kong Stock Exchange</a> (but majority owned by billionaire businesswoman <a href="/wiki/Cui_Lijie" title="Cui Lijie">Cui Lijie</a>), which develops and operates casinos, hotels, and restaurants in CNMI, was reportedly the largest taxpayer in Saipan. In 2014, Imperial Pacific was granted a 25-year license to build and operate casinos on Saipan with an option to extend the license for another 15 years. The Imperial Pacific Resort, still unfinished as of June 2019, is set to include a luxury hotel, casino, restaurants, retail space, and leisure facilities. The complex was supposed to be completed by August 2018. The existing casinos are already handling over $2 billion monthly in VIP bets, more than the largest casinos in Macau, leading to accusations of money laundering.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There has been criticism by local doctors after dead and seriously injured Chinese workers have appeared at the hospital, often illegally working under tourist visas.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg.com-2018_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg.com-2018-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Labor_controversies">Labor controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Labor controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jack_Abramoff_CNMI_scandal">Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff_CNMI_scandal" title="Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal">Jack Abramoff CNMI scandal</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Jack Abramoff</a> and his law firm were paid at least $6.7 million by the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands">Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands</a> (CNMI) from 1995 to 2001 to change and/or prevent Congressional action regarding the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) and businesses on Saipan, its capital, commercial center, and one of its three principal islands.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later lobbying efforts involved mailings from a <a href="/wiki/Ralph_E._Reed_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph E. Reed Jr.">Ralph Reed</a> marketing company and bribery of Roger Stillwell, a Department of the Interior official who in 2006 pleaded guilty to accepting gifts from Abramoff.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_contract_labor_abuse_and_exemptions_from_U.S._federal_regulations">Foreign contract labor abuse and exemptions from U.S. federal regulations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Foreign contract labor abuse and exemptions from U.S. federal regulations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entrance_Garment_Factory_Saipan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Entrance_Garment_Factory_Saipan.JPG/220px-Entrance_Garment_Factory_Saipan.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Entrance_Garment_Factory_Saipan.JPG/330px-Entrance_Garment_Factory_Saipan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Entrance_Garment_Factory_Saipan.JPG/440px-Entrance_Garment_Factory_Saipan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Entrance of a garment factory on Saipan, 2006.</figcaption></figure> <p>Excerpted from "Immigration and the CNMI: A report of the US Commission on Immigration Reform", January 7, 1998: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) immigration system is antithetical to the principles that are at the core of the US immigration policy. Over time, the CNMI has developed an immigration system dominated by the entry of foreign temporary contract workers. These now outnumber US citizens but have few rights within the CNMI and are subject to serious labor and human rights abuses. In contrast to US immigration policy, which admits immigrants for permanent residence and eventual citizenship, the CNMI admits aliens largely as temporary contract workers who are ineligible to gain either US citizenship or civil and social rights within the commonwealth. Only a few countries and no democratic society have immigration policies similar to the CNMI. The closest equivalent is Kuwait. The result of the CNMI policy is to have a minority population governing and severely limiting the rights of the majority population who are alien in every sense of the word.</p></blockquote> <p>On March 31, 1998,<sup id="cite_ref-Daniel_Kahikina_Akaka_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daniel_Kahikina_Akaka-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Akaka" title="Daniel Akaka">US Senator Daniel Akaka</a> said: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Commonwealth shares our American flag, but it does not share the American system of immigration. There is something fundamentally wrong with a CNMI immigration system that issues permits to recruiters, who in turn promise well-paying American jobs to foreigners in exchange for a $6,000 recruitment fee. When the workers arrive in Saipan, they find their recruiter has vanished and there are no jobs in sight. Hundreds of these destitute workers roam the streets of Saipan with little or no chance of employment and no hope of returning to their homeland. </p><p>The State Department has confirmed that the government of China is an active participant in the CNMI immigration system. There is something fundamentally wrong with an immigration system that allows the government of China to prohibit Chinese workers from exercising political or religious freedom while employed in the United States. Something is fundamentally wrong with a CNMI immigration system that issues entry permits for 12- and 13-year-old girls from the Philippines and other Asian nations, and allows their employers to use them for live sex shows and prostitution. </p><p> Finally, something is fundamentally wrong when a Chinese construction worker asks if he can sell one of his kidneys for enough money to return to China and escape the deplorable working conditions in the Commonwealth and the immigration system that brought him there. There are voices in the CNMI telling us that the cases of worker abuse we keep hearing about are isolated examples, that the system is improving, and that worker abuse is a thing of the past. These are the same voices that reap the economic benefits of a system of indentured labor that enslaves thousands of foreign workers – a system described in a bi-partisan study as "an unsustainable economic, social and political system that is antithetical to most American values." There is overwhelming evidence that abuse in the CNMI occurs on a grand scale and the problems are far from isolated.</p></blockquote> <p>In 1991, <a href="/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co." title="Levi Strauss & Co.">Levi Strauss & Co.</a> was embarrassed by a scandal involving six subsidiary factories run on Saipan by the <a href="/wiki/Tan_Holdings_Corporation" title="Tan Holdings Corporation">Tan Holdings Corporation</a>. It was revealed that Chinese laborers in those factories suffered under what the U.S. Department of Labor called "slavelike" conditions.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Cited for sub-minimal wages, seven-day work week schedules with twelve-hour shifts, poor living conditions and other indignities (including the alleged removal of passports and the virtual imprisonment of workers), Tan would eventually pay what was then the largest fines in U.S. labor history, distributing more than $9 million in restitution to some 1200 employees. At the time, Tan factories produced 3% of Levi's jeans with the "Made in the U.S.A." label. Levi Strauss claimed that it had no knowledge of the offenses, severed ties to the Tan family, and instituted labor reforms and inspection practices in its offshore facilities. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saipan_Garment_Factory_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Saipan_Garment_Factory_1.JPG/220px-Saipan_Garment_Factory_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Saipan_Garment_Factory_1.JPG/330px-Saipan_Garment_Factory_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Saipan_Garment_Factory_1.JPG/440px-Saipan_Garment_Factory_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>A loading ramp of a garment factory on Saipan, 2006.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1999, Sweatshop Watch, Global Exchange, Asian Law Caucus, Unite, and the garment workers themselves filed three separate lawsuits in class-action suits on behalf of roughly 30,000 garment workers in Saipan. The defendants included 27 U.S. retailers and 23 Saipan garment factories. By 2004, they had won a 20 million dollar settlement against all but one of the defendants.<sup id="cite_ref-Saipan_Sweatshop_Lawsuit_Ends_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saipan_Sweatshop_Lawsuit_Ends-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co." title="Levi Strauss & Co.">Levi Strauss & Co.</a> was the only successful defendant, winning the case against them in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-Saipan_Sweatshop_Lawsuit_Ends_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saipan_Sweatshop_Lawsuit_Ends-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005–2006, the issue of immigration and labor practices on Saipan was brought up during the <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_political_scandals_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal political scandals in the United States">American political scandals</a> of <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Congressman</a> <a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">Tom DeLay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lobbyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobbyist">lobbyist</a> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Jack Abramoff</a>, who visited the island on numerous occasions. <a href="/wiki/Ms._(magazine)" title="Ms. (magazine)"><i>Ms.</i></a> magazine published an exposé in their Spring 2006 article "Paradise Lost: Greed, Sex Slavery, Forced Abortion and Right-Wing Moralists".<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 8, 2007, the United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources received testimony about federalizing CNMI labor and immigration.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 19, 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-DOI_Office_of_Insular_Affairs_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOI_Office_of_Insular_Affairs-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deputy Assistant Secretary of Insular Affairs David B. Cohen testified before the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Regarding S. 1634 (The Northern Mariana Islands Covenant Implementation Act).<sup id="cite_ref-DOI_Office_of_Insular_Affairs_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOI_Office_of_Insular_Affairs-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Congress has the authority to make immigration and naturalization laws applicable to the CNMI. Through the bill that we are discussing today, Congress is proposing to take this legislative step to bring the immigration system of the CNMI under Federal administration. [...] [S]erious problems continue to plague the CNMI's administration of its immigration system, and we remain concerned that the CNMI's rapidly deteriorating fiscal situation may make it even more difficult for the CNMI government to devote the resources necessary to effectively administer its immigration system and to properly investigate and prosecute labor abuse. [...] While we congratulate the CNMI for its recent successful prosecution of a case in which foreign women were pressured into prostitution, human trafficking remains far more prevalent in the CNMI than it is in the rest of the U.S. During the twelve-month period ending on April 30, 2007, 36 female victims of human trafficking were admitted to or otherwise served by Guma' Esperansa, a women's shelter operated by a Catholic nonprofit organization. All of these victims were in the sex trade. Secretary Kempthorne personally visited the shelter and met with a number of women from the Philippines who were underage when they were trafficked into the CNMI for the sex industry. [...I]t is clear that local control over CNMI immigration has resulted in a human trafficking problem that is proportionally much greater than the problem in the rest of the U.S. </p><p>A number of foreign nationals have come to the Federal Ombudsman's office complaining that they were promised a job in the CNMI after paying a recruiter thousands of dollars to come there, only to find, upon arrival in the CNMI, that there was no job. Secretary Kempthorne met personally with a young lady from China who was the victim of such a scam and who was pressured to become a prostitute; she was able to report her situation and obtain help in the Federal Ombudsman's office. We believe that steps need to be taken to protect women from such terrible predicaments. </p><p> We are also concerned about recent attempts to smuggle foreign nationals, in particular Chinese nationals, from the CNMI into Guam by boat. A woman was recently sentenced to five years in prison for attempting to smuggle over 30 Chinese nationals from the CNMI into Guam.</p></blockquote> <p>A movement to federalize labor and immigration in the Northern Marianas Islands began in early 2007. A letter writing campaign to reform CNMI labor and immigration was debated in the local newspapers. Worker groups organized a successful Unity March December 7, 2007. Despite a strong lobby effort by Governor Fitial to stop it, President Bush signed <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Natural_Resources_Act_of_2008" title="Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008">PL 110-229</a> into law on May 8, 2008, and the U.S. immigration takeover began November 28, 2009. </p><p>Contract laborers arriving from China are usually required to pay their (Chinese National) recruitment agents fees equal to a year's total salary<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (roughly $3,500) and occasionally as high as two years' salary,<sup id="cite_ref-Daniel_Kahikina_Akaka_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daniel_Kahikina_Akaka-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though the contracts are only one-year contracts, renewable at the employer's discretion. </p><p>Sixty percent of the population of the CNMI is contract workers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (September 2018)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> These workers cannot vote. They are not represented, and can be deported if they lose their jobs. Meanwhile, the minimum wage remains well below that on the U.S. mainland, and abuses of vulnerable workers are commonplace.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/John_Bowe_(author)" title="John Bowe (author)">John Bowe</a>'s 2007 book <i>Nobodies: Modern American Slave Labor and the Dark Side of the New Global Economy</i>, he provides a focus on Saipan, exploring how its culture, isolation and American ties have made it a favorable environment for exploitative garment manufacturers and corrupt politicos. Bowe goes into detail about the island's factories, and also its karaoke bars and strip joints, some of which have had connections with politicos. The author depicts Saipan as a vulnerable, truly suffering community, where poverty rates have climbed as high as 35 percent, and proposes that the guest worker setup, by allowing many native islanders to avoid work, has actually crippled the competitiveness and job readiness of the native population. </p><p>Chinese national, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chun_Yu_Wang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chun Yu Wang (page does not exist)">Chun Yu Wang</a>, in her 2009 book, <i>Chicken Feathers and Garlic Skin: Diary of a Chinese Garment Factory Girl on Saipan</i> (as told to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walt_F.J._Goodridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walt F.J. Goodridge (page does not exist)">Walt F.J. Goodridge</a>), provides the only known first-hand account of factory work conditions and life in the barracks, a historical timeline of the garment factory era on Saipan, and provides revealing insights from a Chinese perspective into the experience typical of many of the garment factory workers on Saipan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Imperial_Pacific_Holdings_Casino">Imperial Pacific Holdings Casino</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Imperial Pacific Holdings Casino"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On March 23, 2017, one of Imperial Pacific's Chinese construction workers fell off a scaffold and died. This led the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> to search one of Imperial Pacific's offices and make an arrest.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 15, 2018, <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Businessweek" title="Bloomberg Businessweek">Bloomberg Businessweek</a></i> published an investigative report on the circumstances surrounding the death of this construction worker.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An attorney for the Torres Brothers law firm which represented this worker said the report omitted several facts about the case.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Imperial Pacific disputed all allegations of wrongdoing and sued Bloomberg for defamation.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Homeland_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Homeland Security">U.S. Department of Homeland Security</a> investigated the case and charged five individuals with harboring undocumented workers.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Companies linked to the governing Torres family have close links to the corporation, receiving $126,000 in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg.com-2018_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg.com-2018-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_local_issues">Other local issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Other local issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite an annual rainfall of 80 to 100 inches (2,000 to 2,500 mm), the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_Utilities_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commonwealth Utilities Corporation (page does not exist)">Commonwealth Utilities Corporation</a> (CUC), the local government-run water utility company on Saipan, is unable to deliver 24-hour-a-day potable water to its customers in certain areas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> As a result, several large hotels use <a href="/wiki/Reverse_osmosis" title="Reverse osmosis">reverse osmosis</a> to produce fresh water for their customers. In addition, many homes and small businesses augment the sporadic and sometimes brackish water provided by CUC with rainwater collected and stored in cisterns. Most locals buy drinking water from water distributors and use tap water only for bathing or washing as it has a strong sulfur taste. </p><p>On October 18, 2018, <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Yutu" title="Typhoon Yutu">Typhoon Yutu</a>, the second strongest typhoon to have ever made impact on U.S. territory, made landfall on Saipan. With sustained winds of 130 mph and gusts up to 190 mph, it caused significant damage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CNMI_hospital.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/CNMI_hospital.JPG/220px-CNMI_hospital.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/CNMI_hospital.JPG/330px-CNMI_hospital.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/CNMI_hospital.JPG/440px-CNMI_hospital.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Commonwealth Health Center, Saipan, the island's only hospital (2006)</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States Census</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saipan's population was 48,220, a drop of 22.7% from the <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 United States Census">2000 US Census</a>; the population decrease is largely attributed to working immigrants and their families either returning to their home countries after the collapse of the garment industry or moving to other locations with economic opportunities such as <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> and the United States mainland. The population of Saipan corresponds to approximately 90% of the population of the Northern Mariana Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Large numbers of Filipino, Chinese, Bangladeshi, Nepalese and smaller numbers of Sri Lankan and Burmese unskilled workers and professionals migrated to the Northern Mariana Islands including Saipan during the late 1900s, mostly during the 1980s and 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-Crocombe_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crocombe-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, a large percentage of the island's population includes first-generation immigrants and their descendants from <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> and immigrants from other <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesian</a> islands. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States Census</a>, Saipan was 50.9% Asian (35.3% Filipino, 6.8% Chinese, 4.2% Korean, 1.5% Japanese, 0.9% Bangladeshi, 0.5% Thai, 0.4% Nepalese, 0.3% Other Asian), 34.9% Pacific Islander (23.9% Chamorro, 4.6% Carolinian, 2.3% Chuukese, 2.2% Palauan, 0.8% Pohnpeian, 0.4% Yapese, 0.1% Kosraean, 0.1% Marshallese, and 0.5% Other Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander), 2.1% White and 0.2% others.<sup id="cite_ref-censusfactfinder_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-censusfactfinder-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The majority of the native Chamorro and Carolinian population are <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a>. About half of the general population on the island are foreign contract workers, mainly Catholics of Filipino descent. </p><p>Numerous Christian churches are active in Saipan, providing services in various languages including English, Chamorro, Tagalog, Korean and Chinese. </p><p>In conjunction to the rest of the Northern Mariana Islands, there are Chinese and Filipino Protestant and Catholic churches, a Korean Protestant church, three mosques for the Bangladeshi community and a Buddhist temple.<sup id="cite_ref-Crocombe_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crocombe-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kagman_High_School.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kagman_High_School.JPG/220px-Kagman_High_School.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kagman_High_School.JPG/330px-Kagman_High_School.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kagman_High_School.JPG/440px-Kagman_High_School.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kagman_High_School" title="Kagman High School">Kagman High School</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_Public_School_System" title="Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Public School System">Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Public School System</a> serves Saipan. Public high schools: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kagman_High_School" title="Kagman High School">Kagman High School</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kagman" class="mw-redirect" title="Kagman">Kagman</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-CNMIPSHome_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNMIPSHome-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianas_High_School" title="Marianas High School">Marianas High School</a> (<a href="/wiki/Susupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Susupe">Susupe</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_Southern_High_School" title="Saipan Southern High School">Saipan Southern High School</a> (<a href="/wiki/Koblerville" class="mw-redirect" title="Koblerville">Koblerville</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-CNMIPSHome_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNMIPSHome-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>There are many private schools on Saipan, including: </p> <ul><li>Brilliant Star Montessori School - <a href="/wiki/Navy_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Navy Hill">Navy Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_School" title="Saipan International School">Saipan International School</a> – As Lito</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Carmel_School_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Mount Carmel School (Northern Mariana Islands)">Mount Carmel School</a> – Chalan Kanoa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Christian_Academy_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Grace Christian Academy (Northern Mariana Islands)">Grace Christian Academy</a> – Navy Hill</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianas_Baptist_Academy" title="Marianas Baptist Academy">Marianas Baptist Academy</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dandan,_Saipan" title="Dandan, Saipan">Dandan</a></li> <li>Saipan Community School (grades K-8) – A Protestant school, it was established in 1976. Prior to SCS no Protestant schools were in Saipan.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Saipan <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventh-day Adventist">Seventh-day Adventist</a> School (18 months-grade 8)<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – the previous campus of the Calvary School in <a href="/wiki/Chalan_Kiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalan Kiya">Chalan Kiya</a><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="There's no mention of the Calvary School on saipansdaschool.com (May 2019)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Northern Marianas Academy (Fina Sisu).<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Northern_Marianas_College" title="Northern Marianas College">Northern Marianas College</a> is a two-year community college serving the Northern Mariana Islands. Eucon International College is a four-year college that offers degrees in Bible and Education. </p><p>Joeten-Kiyu Public Library (JKPL) of the <a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_the_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="State Library of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands">State Library of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands</a> is in Susupe, Saipan.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Japanese Community School of Saipan (サイパン日本人補習校 <i>Saipan Nihonjin Hoshūkō</i>), a <a href="/wiki/Hoshuko" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoshuko">supplementary Japanese school</a> operated by the Japanese Society of the Northern Marianas (北マリアナ日本人会) Educational Department, is in Saipan. Classes are on the second floor of the USL Building in <a href="/wiki/Gualo_Rai" class="mw-redirect" title="Gualo Rai">Gualo Rai</a>. It was established on November 5, 1983 (<a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōwa period">Shōwa</a> 58).<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NAList_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAList-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Public middle schools: <ul><li>Tanapag Middle School</li> <li>Hopwood Middle School</li> <li>Chacha Ocean View Middle School</li> <li>Francisco Mendiola Sablan Middle School</li> <li>Dandan Middle School</li></ul></li> <li>Public elementary schools: <ul><li>Gregorio T. Camacho (GTC) Elementary School</li> <li>San Vicente Elementary School</li> <li>Koblerville Elementary School</li> <li>William S. Reyes Elementary School</li> <li>Kagman Elementary School</li> <li>Oleai Elementary School</li> <li>Garapan Elementary School</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mariany-admin-Saipan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mariany-admin-Saipan.png/220px-Mariany-admin-Saipan.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="611" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mariany-admin-Saipan.png/330px-Mariany-admin-Saipan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Mariany-admin-Saipan.png/440px-Mariany-admin-Saipan.png 2x" data-file-width="1286" data-file-height="3574" /></a><figcaption>Map of the four municipalities of the Northern Mariana Islands, with Saipan highlighted in red</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_Saipan">From Saipan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: From Saipan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_H._Arriola" title="Theresa H. Arriola">Theresa H. Arriola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Stege" title="Tina Stege">Tina Stege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha_Dasa" title="Jayatirtha Dasa">Jayatirtha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Sinclair_(tennis)" title="Colin Sinclair (tennis)">Colin Sinclair</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_the_mainland_United_States">From the mainland United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: From the mainland United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Hillblom" title="Larry Hillblom">Larry Hillblom</a>: 1980s–1995</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Millard_(businessman)" title="William Millard (businessman)">William Millard</a>: 1986–2011<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appearances_in_literature_and_media">Appearances in literature and media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Appearances in literature and media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-One_source plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-one_source" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>relies largely or entirely on a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source" title="Wikipedia:Articles with a single source">single source</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands##" title="Talk:Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands">talk page</a>. Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">introducing citations to additional sources</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Saipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands%22">"Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Saipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Saipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Saipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Saipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Saipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Saipan was a major part of the plot in the <a href="/wiki/Tom_Clancy" title="Tom Clancy">Tom Clancy</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Debt_of_Honor" title="Debt of Honor">Debt of Honor</a></i>. </p><p>The 1960 movie <i><a href="/wiki/Hell_to_Eternity" title="Hell to Eternity">Hell to Eternity</a></i> tells the true-life story of GI <a href="/wiki/Guy_Gabaldon" title="Guy Gabaldon">Guy Gabaldon</a>'s role in convincing 800 Japanese soldiers to surrender during the WWII Battle of Saipan. Key to Gabaldon's success was his ability to speak Japanese fluently due to having been raised in the 1930s by a Japanese-American foster family. </p><p>Much of the action in the 2002 film <i><a href="/wiki/Windtalkers" title="Windtalkers">Windtalkers</a></i> takes place during the invasion of Saipan during World War II. </p><p>In 2011, a Japanese film about Captain <a href="/wiki/Sakae_%C5%8Cba" title="Sakae Ōba">Sakae Ōba</a> took place in Saipan. Titled<i> <a href="/wiki/Oba:_The_Last_Samurai" title="Oba: The Last Samurai">Oba: The Last Samurai</a></i>, it revolved around Oba holding out on Saipan until December 1, 1945. </p><p>A significant part of the novel <i><a href="/wiki/Amrita_(Yoshimoto_novel)" title="Amrita (Yoshimoto novel)">Amrita</a></i> by Japanese author <a href="/wiki/Banana_Yoshimoto" title="Banana Yoshimoto">Banana Yoshimoto</a> takes place in Saipan with regular references to the landscape and spirituality of the island. </p><p>Saipan is the setting for the <a href="/wiki/P._F._Kluge" title="P. F. Kluge">P. F. Kluge</a> novel <i>The Master Blaster</i>. This novel is structured as first-person narratives of five characters, four of whom arrive on the same flight, and the unfolding of their experiences on the island. The book weaves together a mysterious tale of historical fiction with reference to Saipan's multi-ethnic past, from Japanese colonization to American WWII victory and the post-Cold War evolution of the island. The Master Blaster is the home-grown anonymous critic who blogs about the corruption and exploitation by developers, politicians, and government officials. </p><p>Saipan is known in the <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> community as the site of the training camp for the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland_national_football_team" title="Republic of Ireland national football team">Republic of Ireland national football team</a> prior to the <a href="/wiki/2002_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2002 FIFA World Cup">2002 FIFA World Cup</a> in which <a href="/wiki/Saipan_incident" title="Saipan incident">an incident of heated argument occurred</a> between then-captain <a href="/wiki/Roy_Keane" title="Roy Keane">Roy Keane</a> and then-manager <a href="/wiki/Mick_McCarthy" title="Mick McCarthy">Mick McCarthy</a>, which eventually led to the dismissal and departure of Keane from the squad. This incident has come to be known colloquially as "the Saipan incident" or "the Saipan saga". </p><p>In 2016, a horror film directed by Hiroshi Katagiri was released on Netflix titled <i><a href="/wiki/Gehenna:_Where_Death_Lives" title="Gehenna: Where Death Lives">Gehenna: Where Death Lives</a></i> in which American developers encounter a supernatural entity in a World War 2 hidden bunker while searching for land to build their resort.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Assange" title="Julian Assange">Julian Assange</a> visited briefly to plead guilty in the federal courthouse of the <a href="/wiki/District_Court_for_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands">District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands</a>, located in Saipan, to conspiracy to obtain and disclose US national defense information.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amelia_Earhart#Speculation_on_disappearance" title="Amelia Earhart">Amelia Earhart § Speculation on disappearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_tourism" title="Birth tourism">Birth tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._insular_area)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)">Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalabera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalabera">Kalabera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_populated_places_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="List of populated places in the Northern Mariana Islands">List of populated places in the Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Northern Mariana Islands">National Register of Historic Places listings in the Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Agulto_Tenorio" title="Pedro Agulto Tenorio">Pedro Agulto Tenorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_Sucks" title="Saipan Sucks">Saipan Sucks</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://origin-apps-pifsc.fisheries.noaa.gov/cred/hmapping/monitoring_report_mariana_archipelago_2003-2007/ch08_saipan.pdf">"8 SAIPAN"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a></i>. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201115132759/https://origin-apps-pifsc.fisheries.noaa.gov/cred/hmapping/monitoring_report_mariana_archipelago_2003-2007/ch08_saipan.pdf">Archived</a> <span 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London: Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 128–129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-87962-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-87962-6"><bdi>978-1-317-87962-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/870590864">870590864</a> – via ProQuest Ebook Central.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Europe+1880%E2%80%931945&rft.place=London&rft.series=General+History+of+Europe&rft.pages=128-129&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis+Group&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F870590864&rft.isbn=978-1-317-87962-6&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=J.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F870590864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Patterson, Carolyn Bennett, et al. "At the Birth of Nations: In the Far Pacific." National Geographic Magazine, October 1986 page 498. National Geographic Virtual Library, Accessed May 17, 2018.</i> The Japanese treated Saipan and its inhabitants as their colony. "The Japanese didn't treat us badly before World War II," said Governor <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Pangelinan_Tenorio" title="Pedro Pangelinan Tenorio">"Pete" Tenorio</a>. "Their policy, I believe, was to keep us native Chamorros out of harm's way. Before the Americans invaded Saipan in 1944, the Japanese had us move from our home on the coast to our farm in the hills. We kids never knew about the suicides until later."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/battle-of-saipan">"Battle of Saipan"</a>. <i>History.com</i>. 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Retrieved on March 27, 2017,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/National_Marine_Fisheries_Service" title="National Marine Fisheries Service">NOAA</a> Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pifscblog.wordpress.com/2016/03/30/2016-marianas-humpback-whales-shes-baaaack/">2016 Marianas Humpback Whales – She's Baaaack!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170327081247/https://pifscblog.wordpress.com/2016/03/30/2016-marianas-humpback-whales-shes-baaaack/">Archived</a> March 27, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved on March 27, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034178/pdf/fig04b.pdf">Geological sections across Saipan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070626234942/http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri034178/pdf/fig04b.pdf">Archived</a> June 26, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (see section B), from Robert L. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NOWData+-+NOAA+Online+Weather+Data&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fwrh%2FClimate%3Fwfo%3Dgum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=CQC00914855&format=pdf">"Station: Saipan INTL AP, MP"</a>. <i>U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020)</i>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Climate+Normals+2020%3A+U.S.+Monthly+Climate+Normals+%281991-2020%29&rft.atitle=Station%3A+Saipan+INTL+AP%2C+MP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncei.noaa.gov%2Faccess%2Fservices%2Fdata%2Fv1%3Fdataset%3Dnormals-monthly-1991-2020%26startDate%3D0001-01-01%26endDate%3D9996-12-31%26stations%3DCQC00914855%26format%3Dpdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_U.S._territories" title="List of radio stations in U.S. territories">List of radio stations in U.S. territories</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Release-2017-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Release-2017_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Release-2017_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRelease2017" class="citation web cs1">Release, Press (January 4, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saipantribune.com/news/local/cd-release-party-drops-island-music-for-nmi/article_8d2c3468-c347-5829-8e30-0d843f67efbc.html">"CD release party drops island music for NMI"</a>. <i>Saipan Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saipan+Tribune&rft.atitle=CD+release+party+drops+island+music+for+NMI&rft.date=2017-01-04&rft.aulast=Release&rft.aufirst=Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.saipantribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fcd-release-party-drops-island-music-for-nmi%2Farticle_8d2c3468-c347-5829-8e30-0d843f67efbc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trip.com/travel-guide/attraction/saipan/micro-beach-10559655/">"Latest travel itineraries for Micro Beach in October (updated in 2023), Micro Beach reviews, Micro Beach address and opening hours, popular attractions, hotels, and restaurants near Micro Beach"</a>. <i>TRIP.COM</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TRIP.COM&rft.atitle=Latest+travel+itineraries+for+Micro+Beach+in+October+%28updated+in+2023%29%2C+Micro+Beach+reviews%2C+Micro+Beach+address+and+opening+hours%2C+popular+attractions%2C+hotels%2C+and+restaurants+near+Micro+Beach&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trip.com%2Ftravel-guide%2Fattraction%2Fsaipan%2Fmicro-beach-10559655%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/bird-island-beach-1">"Bird Island Beach"</a>. <i>Atlas Obscura</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlas+Obscura&rft.atitle=Bird+Island+Beach&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlasobscura.com%2Fplaces%2Fbird-island-beach-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bloomberg.com-2018-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg.com-2018_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg.com-2018_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloomberg.com-2018_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-02-15/a-chinese-company-has-conquered-a-piece-of-america">"A Chinese Casino Has Conquered a Piece of America"</a>. <i>Bloomberg.com</i>. February 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=A+Chinese+Casino+Has+Conquered+a+Piece+of+America&rft.date=2018-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Ffeatures%2F2018-02-15%2Fa-chinese-company-has-conquered-a-piece-of-america&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasobscura.com/places/old-japanese-lighthouse">"Old Japanese Lighthouse"</a>. <i>Atlas Obscura</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlas+Obscura&rft.atitle=Old+Japanese+Lighthouse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlasobscura.com%2Fplaces%2Fold-japanese-lighthouse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMVA2021" class="citation web cs1">MVA (October 6, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mvariety.com/business/business_news/nmi-celebrates-world-tourism-day/article_4e7faec6-259a-11ec-941e-43043fffabfe.html">"NMI celebrates World Tourism Day"</a>. <i>Marianas Variety News & Views</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marianas+Variety+News+%26+Views&rft.atitle=NMI+celebrates+World+Tourism+Day&rft.date=2021-10-06&rft.au=MVA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mvariety.com%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness_news%2Fnmi-celebrates-world-tourism-day%2Farticle_4e7faec6-259a-11ec-941e-43043fffabfe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Howard_P._Willens" title="Howard P. Willens">Howard P. Willens</a> and Deanne C. Siemer. <i>An Honorable Accord: the Covenant between the Northern Marianas and the United States.</i> Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press (Pacific Islands Monograph Series 18), 2003.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_la_Torre2007" class="citation news cs1">de la Torre, Ferdie (March 28, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002946/http://www.saipantribune.com/newsstory.aspx?cat=1&newsID=66972">"Another garment firm closing"</a>. <i>Saipan Tribune</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saipantribune.com/newsstory.aspx?cat=1&newsID=66972">the original</a> on September 27, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Saipan+Tribune&rft.atitle=Another+garment+firm+closing&rft.date=2007-03-28&rft.aulast=de+la+Torre&rft.aufirst=Ferdie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saipantribune.com%2Fnewsstory.aspx%3Fcat%3D1%26newsID%3D66972&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927174544/http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/sweatshops.html">"Women and Global Human Rights"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/sweatshops.html">the original</a> on September 27, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Women+and+Global+Human+Rights&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webster.edu%2F~woolflm%2Fsweatshops.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060924085040/http://www.coopamerica.org/tools/print.cfm?page=%2Fprograms%2Frs%2Fprofile.cfm%3Fid%3D258">"Green America: Printer friendly page"</a>. <i>www.coopamerica.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coopamerica.org/tools/print.cfm?page=/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=258">the original</a> on September 24, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.coopamerica.org&rft.atitle=Green+America%3A+Printer+friendly+page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coopamerica.org%2Ftools%2Fprint.cfm%3Fpage%3D%2Fprograms%2Frs%2Fprofile.cfm%3Fid%3D258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927223223/http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=277">"Responsible Shopper Profile: Phillips-Van Heusen"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=277">the original</a> on September 27, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Responsible+Shopper+Profile%3A+Phillips-Van+Heusen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coopamerica.org%2Fprograms%2Frs%2Fprofile.cfm%3Fid%3D277&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061011180726/http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=178">"Responsible Shopper Profile: Abercrombie & Fitch"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=178">the original</a> on October 11, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Responsible+Shopper+Profile%3A+Abercrombie+%26+Fitch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coopamerica.org%2Fprograms%2Frs%2Fprofile.cfm%3Fid%3D178&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060924045624/http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=255">"Responsible Shopper Profile: L'Oreal"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=255">the original</a> on September 24, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Responsible+Shopper+Profile%3A+L%27Oreal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coopamerica.org%2Fprograms%2Frs%2Fprofile.cfm%3Fid%3D255&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060924052242/http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=264">"Responsible Shopper Profile: Lord & Taylor"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coopamerica.org/programs/rs/profile.cfm?id=264">the original</a> on September 24, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Responsible+Shopper+Profile%3A+Lord+%26+Taylor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coopamerica.org%2Fprograms%2Frs%2Fprofile.cfm%3Fid%3D264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.thinkquest.org/trio/TTQ02189/wal_mart.htm">Child Labor Wal-Mart</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020201440/http://library.thinkquest.org/trio/TTQ02189/wal_mart.htm">Archived</a> October 20, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saipanfactorygirl.com/facts/">Saipan Factory Facts: Information on the Rise and Fall of the Garment Industry on Saipan, CNMI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003170905/http://www.saipanfactorygirl.com/facts/">Archived</a> October 3, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Saipanfactorygirl.com. Retrieved on July 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100103132939/http://www.saipantribune.com/newsstory.aspx?cat=1&newsID=96195">"CNMI loses immigration control in 2009"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Saipan_Tribune" title="Saipan Tribune">Saipan Tribune</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saipantribune.com/newsstory.aspx?cat=1&newsID=96195">the original</a> on January 3, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CNMI+loses+immigration+control+in+2009&rft.pub=Saipan+Tribune&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saipantribune.com%2Fnewsstory.aspx%3Fcat%3D1%26newsID%3D96195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2018" class="citation news cs1">Campbell, Matthew (February 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-02-15/a-chinese-company-has-conquered-a-piece-of-america">"A Chinese Casino Has Conquered a Piece of America"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20180216203807/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-02-15/a-chinese-company-has-conquered-a-piece-of-america">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CalvinAyre.com&rft.atitle=Casino+operator+Imperial+Pacific+suing+Bloomberg+for+defamation&rft.date=2018-02-20&rft.aulast=Stradbrooke&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvinayre.com%2F2018%2F02%2F20%2Fcasino%2Fimperial-pacific-sue-bloomberg-defamation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChargualaf2018" class="citation news cs1">Chargualaf, Alana (June 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.postguam.com/news/local/woman-sentenced-in-illegal-foreign-worker-case/article_1c149ecc-67ae-11e8-aa53-ff1db8afc5ce.html">"Woman sentenced in illegal foreign worker case"</a>. <i>The Guam Daily Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200823232241/https://www.postguam.com/news/local/woman-sentenced-in-illegal-foreign-worker-case/article_1c149ecc-67ae-11e8-aa53-ff1db8afc5ce.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guam+Daily+Post&rft.atitle=Woman+sentenced+in+illegal+foreign+worker+case&rft.date=2018-06-05&rft.aulast=Chargualaf&rft.aufirst=Alana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.postguam.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fwoman-sentenced-in-illegal-foreign-worker-case%2Farticle_1c149ecc-67ae-11e8-aa53-ff1db8afc5ce.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/pacific/mariana/alamagan.php">"U.S. Census Bureau Releases 2010 Census Population Counts for the Northern Mariana Islands"</a>. 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The Minerva Group, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781893713130" title="Special:BookSources/9781893713130"><bdi>9781893713130</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180502135947/https://books.google.com.au/books?id=JT6xVRdYP18C">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_DPMP_MPDP1&prodType=table">the original</a> on February 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=census.gov&rft.atitle=American+FactFinder+%E2%80%93+Results&rft.au=Data+Access+and+Dissemination+Systems+%28DADS%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder.census.gov%2Ffaces%2Ftableservices%2Fjsf%2Fpages%2Fproductview.xhtml%3Fpid%3DDEC_10_DPMP_MPDP1%26prodType%3Dtable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNMIPSHome-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CNMIPSHome_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CNMIPSHome_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pss.cnmi.mp/PSSCentralOffice/index2.cfm">Home Page</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080309064340/http://www.pss.cnmi.mp/PSSCentralOffice/index2.cfm">Archived</a> March 9, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Public School System</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://saipancommunitychurch.com/en/Saipan-Community-School">Saipan Community School</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128034522/http://saipancommunitychurch.com/en/Saipan-Community-School">Archived</a> 2018-01-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Saipan Community Church. Retrieved on January 15, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saipansdaschool.com/">Home</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180115152619/http://www.saipansdaschool.com/">Archived</a> January 15, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Saipan Seventh-day Adventist School. Retrieved on January 15, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saipansdaschool.com/about">About</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190512064345/https://www.saipansdaschool.com/about">Archived</a> 2019-05-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Saipan Seventh-day Adventist School. Retrieved on January 15, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marianas.edu/content_news.php?idref=600">"NMC Alumna Set to Graduate from Gonzaga University"</a>. Northern Marianas College. January 7, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015702/http://www.marianas.edu/content_news.php?idref=600">Archived</a> from the original on November 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NMC+Alumna+Set+to+Graduate+from+Gonzaga+University&rft.pub=Northern+Marianas+College&rft.date=2010-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marianas.edu%2Fcontent_news.php%3Fidref%3D600&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mvariety.com/community-bulletin-sp-595/95224-joeten-kiyu-public-library-calendar-of-events">"Joeten-Kiyu Public Library calendar of events"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Marianas_Variety" title="Marianas Variety">Marianas Variety</a></i>. May 12, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marianas+Variety&rft.atitle=Joeten-Kiyu+Public+Library+calendar+of+events&rft.date=2017-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mvariety.com%2Fcommunity-bulletin-sp-595%2F95224-joeten-kiyu-public-library-calendar-of-events&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saipan-nihonjinkai.com/hosyuko/pages/admission.html">当校の概要</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160829182355/http://www.saipan-nihonjinkai.com/hosyuko/pages/admission.html">Archived</a> 2016-08-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Japanese Community School of Saipan (サイパン日本人補習校 <i>Saipan Nihonjin Hoshūkō</i>). Retrieved on January 14, 2018. "学校所在地 USL BUILDING 2nd Floor, GUALO RAI, SAIPAN, MP 96950 Commonwealth of The Northern Marianas Islands"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NAList-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NAList_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140330155208/http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/clarinet/002/006/001/002/002.htm">北米の補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）</a>." () <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Sports,_Science_and_Technology" title="Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology">Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology</a> (Japan). Retrieved on May 5, 2014. "サイパン Japanese Society of NMI Educational Department Japanese Society of NMI Educational Department PMB 165 Box 10000 Saipan, MP 96950　 U.S.A."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frank, Robert. (September 12, 2011) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finance.yahoo.com/career-work/article/113483/william-h-millard-missing-ceo-reappers-after-20-years-wsj">After 20 Years, Missing CEO Reappears – Yahoo! Finance</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006195230/http://finance.yahoo.com/career-work/article/113483/william-h-millard-missing-ceo-reappers-after-20-years-wsj">Archived</a> October 6, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarvey2018" class="citation web cs1">Harvey, Dennis (April 30, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2018/film/reviews/gehenna-where-death-lives-review-1202756768/">"Film Review: 'Gehenna: Where Death Lives'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Variety</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180615114001/https://variety.com/2018/film/reviews/gehenna-where-death-lives-review-1202756768/">Archived</a> from the original on June 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Film+Review%3A+%27Gehenna%3A+Where+Death+Lives%27&rft.date=2018-04-30&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2018%2Ffilm%2Freviews%2Fgehenna-where-death-lives-review-1202756768%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/assange-justice-department-plea-wikileaks-saipan-australia-00eb380879ff636cc9b916f82f82ed40">"WikiLeaks' Assange pleads guilty to publishing US military secrets in deal that secures his freedom"</a>. <i>AP News</i>. June 25, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=WikiLeaks%27+Assange+pleads+guilty+to+publishing+US+military+secrets+in+deal+that+secures+his+freedom&rft.date=2024-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fassange-justice-department-plea-wikileaks-saipan-australia-00eb380879ff636cc9b916f82f82ed40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaipan%2C+Northern+Mariana+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saipan,_Northern_Mariana_Islands&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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/></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Saipan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Saipan">Saipan</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Saipan#Q51679" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Saipan">Saipan</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theinsularempire.com/"><i>The Insular Empire: America in the Mariana Islands</i>, PBS documentary film & website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov">Saipan Municipality, United States Census Bureau</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070609103520/http://www.doi.gov/oia/Islandpages/cnmipage.htm">Department 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4em"><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(U.S._insular_area)" title="Commonwealth (U.S. insular area)">Commonwealth</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Northern_Mariana_Islands%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Northern Mariana Islands–related articles">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_Islands" title="Mariana Islands">Archipelago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Geography of the Northern Mariana Islands">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Politics of the Northern Mariana Islands">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Economy of the Northern Mariana Islands">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Northern_Mariana_Islands_locations_by_per_capita_income" title="List of Northern Mariana Islands locations by per capita income">Per capita income</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariana_and_Palau_Islands_campaign" title="Mariana and Palau Islands campaign">Campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Geography of the Northern Mariana Islands">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_the_United_States#Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="List of islands of the United States">Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrihan" title="Agrihan">Agrihan</a> (Agrigan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aguiguan" title="Aguiguan">Aguijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamagan" title="Alamagan">Alamagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatahan" title="Anatahan">Anatahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asuncion_Island" title="Asuncion Island">Asuncion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farallon_de_Medinilla" title="Farallon de Medinilla">Farallon de Medinilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farallon_de_Pajaros" title="Farallon de Pajaros">Farallon de Pajaros</a> (Urracas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guguan" title="Guguan">Guguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%B1agaha" title="Mañagaha">Mañagaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maug_Islands" title="Maug Islands">Maug Islands</a> (Ma'ok)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan_(island)" title="Pagan (island)">Pagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rota (island)">Rota</a> (Luta)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarigan" title="Sarigan">Sarigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinian">Tinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealandia_Bank" title="Zealandia Bank">Zealandia Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Tapochau" title="Mount Tapochau">Mount Tapochau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianas_Trench_Marine_National_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Marianas Trench Marine National Monument">Marianas Trench Marine National Monument</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Islands_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Islands Municipality">Northern Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rota (island)">Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinian_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Tinian Municipality">Tinian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saipan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afetnas,_Saipan" title="Afetnas, Saipan">Afetnas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achugao,_Saipan" title="Achugao, Saipan">Achugao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Lito,_Saipan" title="As Lito, Saipan">As Lito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Matuis,_Saipan" title="As Matuis, Saipan">As Matuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Perdido,_Saipan" title="As Perdido, Saipan">As Perdido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Teo,_Saipan" title="As Teo, Saipan">As Teo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As_Terlaje,_Saipan" title="As Terlaje, Saipan">As Terlaje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill,_Saipan" title="Capitol Hill, Saipan">Capitol Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Kanoa,_Saipan" title="Chalan Kanoa, Saipan">Chalan Kanoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Kiya,_Saipan" title="Chalan Kiya, Saipan">Chalan Kiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laulau,_Saipan" title="Laulau, Saipan">Chalan Laulau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Piao,_Saipan" title="Chalan Piao, Saipan">Chalan Piao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=China_Town,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="China Town, Saipan (page does not exist)">China Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandan,_Saipan" title="Dandan, Saipan">Dandan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fina_Sisu,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fina Sisu, Saipan (page does not exist)">Fina Sisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garapan,_Saipan" title="Garapan, Saipan">Garapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gualo_Rai,_Saipan" title="Gualo Rai, Saipan">Gualo Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagman,_Saipan" title="Kagman, Saipan">Kagman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kannat_Tabla,_Saipan" title="Kannat Tabla, Saipan">Kannat Tabla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koblerville,_Saipan" title="Koblerville, Saipan">Koblerville</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lower_Base,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lower Base, Saipan (page does not exist)">Lower Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marpi,_Saipan" title="Marpi, Saipan">Marpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navy_Hill,_Saipan" title="Navy Hill, Saipan">Navy Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_Saipan" title="San Jose, Saipan">Oleai (San Jose)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Papago,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Papago, Saipan (page does not exist)">Papago</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sadog_Tasi,_Saipan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sadog Tasi, Saipan (page does not exist)">Sadog Tasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio,_Saipan" title="San Antonio, Saipan">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Roque,_Saipan" title="San Roque, Saipan">San Roque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Vicente,_Saipan" title="San Vicente, Saipan">San Vicente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susupe,_Saipan" title="Susupe, Saipan">Susupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanapag,_Saipan" title="Tanapag, Saipan">Tanapag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rota</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinapalo,_Rota" title="Sinapalo, Rota">Sinapalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songsong,_Rota" title="Songsong, Rota">Songsong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tinian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolinas_Heights,_Tinian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolinas Heights, Tinian (page does not exist)">Carolinas Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marpo_Heights,_Tinian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marpo Heights, Tinian (page does not exist)">Marpo Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marpo_Heights_II,_Tinian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marpo Heights II, Tinian (page does not exist)">Marpo Heights II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marpo_Valley,_Tinian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marpo Valley, Tinian (page does not exist)">Marpo Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_Tinian" title="San Jose, Tinian">San Jose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K-12</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands_Public_School_System" title="Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Public School System">CNMIPSS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kagman_High_School" title="Kagman High School">Kagman HS</a> (Saipan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianas_High_School" title="Marianas High School">Marianas HS</a> (Saipan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Rita_Hocog_Inos_Jr./Sr._High_School" title="Dr. Rita Hocog Inos Jr./Sr. High School">Dr. Rita Hocog Inos Jr-Sr HS</a> (Rota)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_Southern_High_School" title="Saipan Southern High School">Saipan Southern HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinian_Middle_School_and_Tinian_High_School" title="Tinian Middle School and Tinian High School">Tinian M-HS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_School" title="Saipan International School">Saipan International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianas_Baptist_Academy" title="Marianas Baptist Academy">Marianas Baptist Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Carmel_School_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Mount Carmel School (Northern Mariana Islands)">Mount Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Christian_Academy_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Grace Christian Academy (Northern Mariana Islands)">Grace Christian Academy </a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Marianas_College" title="Northern Marianas College">Northern Marianas College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Library_of_the_Commonwealth_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="State Library of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands">State Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_Airport" title="Saipan International Airport">Saipan International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_International_Airport" title="Rota International Airport">Rota International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinian_International_Airport" title="Tinian International Airport">Tinian International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Northern Mariana Islands">NRHP listings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saipan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banzai_Cliff" title="Banzai Cliff">Banzai Cliff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaneyan_Kristo_Rai" title="Campaneyan Kristo Rai">Campaneyan Kristo Rai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Galaide" title="Chalan Galaide">Chalan Galaide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachiman_Jinja_(Saipan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hachiman Jinja (Saipan)">Hachiman Jinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_International_Airport" title="Saipan International Airport">Isley Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_20mm_Cannon_Blockhouse" title="Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse">Japanese 20mm Cannon Blockhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Hospital_(Saipan)" title="Japanese Hospital (Saipan)">Japanese Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Jail_Historic_and_Archeological_District" title="Japanese Jail Historic and Archeological District">Japanese Jail Historic and Archeological District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Lighthouse_(Garapan,_Saipan)" title="Japanese Lighthouse (Garapan, Saipan)">Japanese Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Beaches;_Aslito/Isely_Field;_%26_Marpi_Point,_Saipan_Island" title="Landing Beaches; Aslito/Isely Field; & Marpi Point, Saipan Island">Landing Beaches; Aslito/Isely Field; & Marpi Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laulau_Kattan_Latte_Site" title="Laulau Kattan Latte Site">Laulau Kattan Latte Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%B1agaha" title="Mañagaha">Mañagaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_Cliff" title="Suicide Cliff">Suicide Cliff</a> (Laderan Banadero)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachognya" title="Tachognya">Tachognya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unai_Achugao_Archaeological_Site" title="Unai Achugao Archaeological Site">Unai Achugao Archaeological Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unai_Lagua_Japanese_Defense_Pillbox" title="Unai Lagua Japanese Defense Pillbox">Unai Lagua Japanese Defense Pillbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unai_Obyan_Latte_Site" title="Unai Obyan Latte Site">Unai Obyan Latte Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waherak_Maihar" title="Waherak Maihar">Waherak <i>Maihar</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rota</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chudang_Palii_Japanese_World_War_II_Defensive_Complex" title="Chudang Palii Japanese World War II Defensive Complex">Chudang Palii Japanese WWII Defensive Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chugai%27_Pictograph_Site" title="Chugai' Pictograph Site">Chugai' Pictograph Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissioner%27s_Office_(Rota)" title="Commissioner's Office (Rota)">Commissioner's Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugi_Archeological_Site" title="Dugi Archeological Site">Dugi Archeological Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Coastal_Defense_Gun" title="Japanese Coastal Defense Gun">Japanese Coastal Defense Gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Hospital_(Rota)" title="Japanese Hospital (Rota)">Japanese Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochong" title="Mochong">Mochong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha_Sugar_Mill" title="Nanyo Kohatsu Kabushiki Kaisha Sugar Mill">Nanyo Kohatsu Kabushiki Kaisha Sugar Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectory_(Rota)" title="Rectory (Rota)">Rectory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rota_Latte_Stone_Quarry" title="Rota Latte Stone Quarry">Rota Latte Stone Quarry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tinian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Taga" title="House of Taga">House of Taga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanyo_Kohatsu_Kabushiki_Kaisha_complex" title="Nanyo Kohatsu Kabushiki Kaisha complex">Nanyo Kohatsu Kabushiki Kaisha complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Field_(Tinian)" title="North Field (Tinian)">North Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unai_Dangkulo_Petroglyph_Site" title="Unai Dangkulo Petroglyph Site">Unai Dangkulo Petroglyph Site</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel_Cathedral_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Our Lady of Mount Carmel Cathedral (Northern Mariana Islands)">Our Lady of Mount Carmel Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan_Katori_Shrine" title="Saipan Katori Shrine">Saipan Katori Shrine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Marianas_Variety" title="Marianas Variety">Marianas Variety</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saipan_Tribune" title="Saipan Tribune">Saipan Tribune</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_U.S._Territories#Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of radio stations in U.S. Territories">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_channels_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="List of channels in the Northern Mariana Islands">Television stations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NMI_Museum_of_History_and_Culture" title="NMI Museum of History and Culture">NMI Museum of History and Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_King_Park" title="Sugar King Park">Sugar King Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Dock_(Saipan)" title="Sugar Dock (Saipan)">Sugar Dock (Saipan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garapan_Heritage_Trail" title="Garapan Heritage Trail">Garapan Heritage Trail </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saipan" title="Battle of Saipan">Battle of Saipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tinian" title="Battle of Tinian">Battle of Tinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Advance_Base_Saipan" title="Naval Advance Base Saipan">Naval Base Saipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinian_Naval_Base" title="Tinian Naval Base">Tinian Naval Base</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_Oceania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_Oceanian_capitals_by_region" title="Template:List of Oceanian capitals by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_Oceanian_capitals_by_region" title="Template talk:List of Oceanian capitals by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_Oceanian_capitals_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of Oceanian capitals by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capitals</a> of Oceania</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a> are in italics</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Honiara" title="Honiara">Honiara</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Noum%C3%A9a" title="Nouméa">Nouméa</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Port_Moresby" title="Port Moresby">Port Moresby</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Port_Vila" title="Port Vila">Port Vila</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Suva" title="Suva">Suva</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Hag%C3%A5t%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagåtña">Hagåtña</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></i><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Majuro" title="Majuro">Majuro</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ngerulmud" title="Ngerulmud">Ngerulmud</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Palikir" title="Palikir">Palikir</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></i><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Tarawa" title="South Tarawa">South Tarawa</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yaren_District" title="Yaren District">Yaren</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> (de facto)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polynesia" title="Polynesia">Polynesia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Adamstown,_Pitcairn_Islands" title="Adamstown, Pitcairn Islands">Adamstown</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></i><sup>6</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alofi" title="Alofi">Alofi</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></i><sup>7</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Apia" title="Apia">Apia</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Avarua" title="Avarua">Avarua</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></i><sup>7</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fakaofo" title="Fakaofo">Fakaofo</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></i><sup>8</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Funafuti" title="Funafuti">Funafuti</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mata_Utu" title="Mata Utu">Mata Utu</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></i> (de facto)<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nuku%CA%BBalofa" title="Nukuʻalofa">Nukuʻalofa</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pago_Pago" class="mw-redirect" title="Pago Pago">Pago Pago</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></i><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Papeete" title="Papeete">Papeete</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup>Often included in Polynesia</li> <li><sup>2</sup><a href="/wiki/Overseas_collectivities" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas collectivities">Overseas collectivities</a> or <a href="/wiki/Overseas_France#Sui_generis_collectivity" title="Overseas France"><i>sui generis</i> collectivity</a> of France</li> <li><sup>3</sup>Often included in Australasia</li> <li><sup>4</sup><a href="/wiki/Insular_area" title="Insular area">Insular area</a> of the United States</li> <li><sup>5</sup>In <a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">free association</a> with the United States</li> <li><sup>6</sup><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><sup>7</sup>In <a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">free association</a> with New Zealand</li> <li><sup>8</sup><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">New Zealand dependent territory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_state_capitals" title="Template:US state capitals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_state_capitals" title="Template talk:US state capitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_state_capitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US state capitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_the_United_States_by_jurisdiction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">Capitals of the United States by jurisdiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <p><b>Nation:</b> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> <p><b>States:</b> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">AL</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">AK</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Juneau,_Alaska" title="Juneau, Alaska">Juneau</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">AZ</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">AR</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">CA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">CO</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">CT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">DE</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">FL</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">GA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">HI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">ID</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">IL</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">IN</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">IA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa" title="Des Moines, Iowa">Des Moines</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">KS</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">KY</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">LA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">ME</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">MD</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">MA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">MI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">MN</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">MS</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">MO</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">MT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">NE</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">NV</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Carson_City,_Nevada" title="Carson City, Nevada">Carson City</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">NH</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">NJ</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">NM</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">NY</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">NC</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">OH</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">OK</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">OR</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Oregon" title="Salem, Oregon">Salem</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">PA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">RI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">SC</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">SD</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">TN</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">TX</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">UT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">VT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Montpelier,_Vermont" title="Montpelier, Vermont">Montpelier</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">VA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">WA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Washington" title="Olympia, Washington">Olympia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">WV</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">WI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">WY</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne,_Wyoming" title="Cheyenne, Wyoming">Cheyenne</a></li></ul> <p><b>Territories:</b> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">AS</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Pago_Pago" class="mw-redirect" title="Pago Pago">Pago Pago</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">GU</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Hag%C3%A5t%C3%B1a,_Guam" title="Hagåtña, Guam">Hagåtña</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">MP</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">PR</a></b> <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">VI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Amalie,_U.S._Virgin_Islands" title="Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands">Charlotte Amalie</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div 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href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1233605/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwCTPJjQkMDwc73cPpByd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4436338-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85830728">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00628523">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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