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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_brassières" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_brassières"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Early brassières </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_brassières-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_bra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_bra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Modern bra </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_bra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1960s–1980s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960s–1980s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 1960s–1980s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960s–1980s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s_onward" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s_onward"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 1990s onward </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s_onward-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manufacture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Manufacture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Manufacture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Manufacture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Manufacture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Construction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Construction </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Materials </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Size_and_fitting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Size_and_fitting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Size and fitting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Size_and_fitting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Styles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Styles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Styles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Styles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fashion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fashion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Fashion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fashion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Undergarment_as_outerwear" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Undergarment_as_outerwear"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Undergarment as outerwear </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Undergarment_as_outerwear-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decreasing_Western_usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decreasing_Western_usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Decreasing Western usage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decreasing_Western_usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage_in_the_developing_world" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_in_the_developing_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Usage in the developing world </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_in_the_developing_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Economic impact </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_feminist_opinions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_feminist_opinions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 Western feminist opinions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_feminist_opinions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Health </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Health-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Health subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Fit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exercise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exercise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Exercise </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exercise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Breast_sagging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Breast_sagging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Breast sagging </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Breast_sagging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bra</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 99 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-99" aria-hidden="true" > 99 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra" title="Bra – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bra" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/BH" title="BH – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="BH" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AF_%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="مشد صدر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مشد صدر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sost%C3%A9n" title="Sostén – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sostén" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="বক্ষবন্ধনী – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বক্ষবন্ধনী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1ma_jokoha" title="Káma jokoha – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Káma jokoha" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCstqalter" title="Büstqalter – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Büstqalter" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="বক্ষবন্ধনী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বক্ষবন্ধনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leng-ph%C3%A8-%C3%A1" title="Leng-phè-á – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Leng-phè-á" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Бюстгальтер – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бюстгальтер" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бюстгальтар – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бюстгальтар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бюстгальтар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бюстгальтар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Сутиен – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сутиен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gschicht_vom_Busnhoida" title="Gschicht vom Busnhoida – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gschicht vom Busnhoida" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8D" title="ནུ་ཤུབ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ནུ་ཤུབ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brennidenn" title="Brennidenn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Brennidenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sostenidor" title="Sostenidor – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sostenidor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podprsenka" title="Podprsenka – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Podprsenka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhodhi" title="Bhodhi – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bhodhi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra" title="Bra – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bra" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brystholder" title="Brystholder – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brystholder" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruschtkisse" title="Bruschtkisse – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Bruschtkisse" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCstenhalter" title="Büstenhalter – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Büstenhalter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinnahoidja" title="Rinnahoidja – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rinnahoidja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%B8%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Στηθόδεσμος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στηθόδεσμος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regip%C3%AAt" title="Regipêt – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Regipêt" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sost%C3%A9n" title="Sostén – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sostén" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamzono" title="Mamzono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mamzono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bularretako" title="Bularretako – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bularretako" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سوتین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوتین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soutien-gorge" title="Soutien-gorge – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Soutien-gorge" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beha" title="Beha – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Beha" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coodagh_keeagh" title="Coodagh keeagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Coodagh keeagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apertador" title="Apertador – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Apertador" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BB-la-chi%C3%A1" title="Bû-la-chiá – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Bû-la-chiá" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%98%EC%A7%80%EC%96%B4" title="브래지어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브래지어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Կրծկալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կրծկալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0" title="ब्रेजिअर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ब्रेजिअर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grudnjak" title="Grudnjak – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grudnjak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamosustenilo" title="Mamosustenilo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mamosustenilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutang" title="Kutang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kutang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustenepectore" title="Sustenepectore – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sustenepectore" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinushalter" title="Sinushalter – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Sinushalter" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brj%C3%B3stahaldari" title="Brjóstahaldari – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Brjóstahaldari" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggiseno" title="Reggiseno – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reggiseno" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%96%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94" title="חזייה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חזייה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutang" title="Kutang – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kutang" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ბიუსტჰალტერი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბიუსტჰალტერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidiria" title="Sidiria – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sidiria" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bersing" title="Bersing – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bersing" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strophium" title="Strophium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Strophium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C5%AB%C5%A1turis" title="Krūšturis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Krūšturis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liemen%C4%97l%C4%97" title="Liemenėlė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Liemenėlė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melltart%C3%B3" title="Melltartó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Melltartó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE" title="ബ്രാ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബ്രാ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B3%E0%A5%80" title="काचोळी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="काचोळी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سوتيان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سوتيان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سوتین – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سوتین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coli" title="Coli – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Coli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beha" title="Beha – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Beha" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%95ng-d%C3%A1e%CC%A4k" title="Nĕng-dáe̤k – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nĕng-dáe̤k" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beha" title="Beha – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beha" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="ब्रेसियर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ब्रेसियर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC" title="ブラジャー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブラジャー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brystholder" title="Brystholder – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brystholder" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brysthaldar" title="Brysthaldar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Brysthaldar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siynaband" title="Siynaband – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Siynaband" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF" title="سینہ بند – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سینہ بند" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biustonosz" title="Biustonosz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Biustonosz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suti%C3%A3" title="Sutiã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sutiã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutien" title="Sutien – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sutien" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Бюстгальтер – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бюстгальтер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stringipettu" title="Stringipettu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Stringipettu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%A7" title="තනපට – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තනපට" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassi%C3%A8re" title="Brassière – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Brassière" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podprsenka" title="Podprsenka – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Podprsenka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedr%C4%8Dek" title="Nedrček – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nedrček" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lojbik" title="Lojbik – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Lojbik" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajabeeto" title="Rajabeeto – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Rajabeeto" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A8%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF" title="مەمکبەند – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەمکبەند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Грудњак – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грудњак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grudnjak" title="Grudnjak – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grudnjak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutang" title="Kutang – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kutang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rintaliivit" title="Rintaliivit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rintaliivit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bh" title="Bh – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bh" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra" title="Bra – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bra" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88" title="மார்புக்கச்சை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மார்புக்கச்சை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BA%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BA%D1%87%D3%99" title="Күкрәкчә – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Күкрәкчә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87" title="ยกทรง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยกทรง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCtyen" title="Sütyen – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sütyen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Бюстгальтер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бюстгальтер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF" title="سینہ بند – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سینہ بند" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%89%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%83" title="لىپتىك – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="لىپتىك" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81o_ng%E1%BB%B1c" title="Áo ngực – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Áo ngực" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%83%B8" title="文胸 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="文胸" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra" title="Bra – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bra" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Undergarment for supporting the breasts</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bra_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bra (disambiguation)">Bra (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/BRA_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="BRA (disambiguation)">BRA (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Brassiere" redirects here. For the type of restaurant, see <a href="/wiki/Brasserie" title="Brasserie">Brasserie</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:154px;max-width:154px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Styles</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg/150px-Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg/225px-Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg/300px-Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1848" data-file-height="1674" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Full-cup bra</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Modern_bra_plunge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Modern_bra_plunge.jpg/150px-Modern_bra_plunge.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Modern_bra_plunge.jpg/225px-Modern_bra_plunge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Modern_bra_plunge.jpg/300px-Modern_bra_plunge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1690" data-file-height="1536" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Plunge bra</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Modern_bra_bandeau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Modern_bra_bandeau.jpg/150px-Modern_bra_bandeau.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Modern_bra_bandeau.jpg/225px-Modern_bra_bandeau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Modern_bra_bandeau.jpg/300px-Modern_bra_bandeau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1690" data-file-height="1537" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Balconette bra</div></div></div></div></div> A bra, short for brassiere or brassière (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/brəˈzɪər/</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈbræsɪər, ˈbræz-/</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" />French: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[bʁasjɛʁ]</a>), is <a href="/wiki/Form-fitting" class="mw-redirect" title="Form-fitting">form-fitting</a> <a href="/wiki/Underwear" title="Underwear">underwear</a> that is primarily used to support and cover a person's <a href="/wiki/Breast" title="Breast">breasts</a>. A typical bra consists of a chest band that wraps around the torso, supporting two breast cups that are held in place by shoulder straps. A bra usually fastens in the back, using a <a href="/wiki/Hook-and-eye_closure" title="Hook-and-eye closure">hook and eye fastener</a>, although bras are available in a large range of styles and <a href="/wiki/Bra_size" title="Bra size">sizes</a>, including front-fastening and backless designs. Some bras are designed for specific functions, such as <a href="/wiki/Nursing_bra" title="Nursing bra">nursing bras</a> to facilitate <a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">breastfeeding</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Sports_bra" title="Sports bra">sports bras</a> to minimize discomfort during exercise. Although women in ancient Greece and Rome wore garments to support their breasts, the first modern bra is attributed to 19-year-old <a href="/wiki/Caresse_Crosby" title="Caresse Crosby">Mary Phelps Jacob</a>, who created the garment in 1913 by using two <a href="/wiki/Handkerchief" title="Handkerchief">handkerchiefs</a> and some ribbon. After <a href="/wiki/Design_patent" title="Design patent">patenting her design</a> in 1914, she briefly manufactured bras at a two-woman factory in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, before selling her patent to the <a href="/wiki/Warnaco_Group" title="Warnaco Group">Warner Brothers Corset Company</a>, which began mass-producing the garment. The bra gained widespread adoption during the first half of the twentieth century, when it largely replaced the <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corset</a>. The majority of Western women today wear bras, with a minority choosing to go <a href="/wiki/Bralessness" title="Bralessness">braless</a>. Bra manufacturing and retailing are key components of the multibillion-dollar global <a href="/wiki/Lingerie" title="Lingerie">lingerie</a> industry. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> The term brassiere, from French brassière, of 17th century origin, meaning a woman's or child's short garment covering the arms (Fr: bras) and upper body, was used by the Evening Herald in Syracuse, New York, in 1893.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> It gained wider acceptance in 1904 when the DeBevoise Company used it in their advertising copy. The French use the term soutien-gorge (literally, "throat-supporter") for the item.<a href="#cite_note-angel-2">[2]</a> It and other early versions resembled a <a href="/wiki/Camisole" title="Camisole">camisole</a> stiffened with <a href="/wiki/Bone_(corsetry)" title="Bone (corsetry)">boning</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEApsan2006186-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)" title="Vogue (magazine)">Vogue</a> magazine first used the term brassiere in 1907,<a href="#cite_note-NYMag-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-USA_Today-5">[5]</a> and by 1911 the word had entered the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-words-6">[6]</a> On 3 November 1914, the newly formed US patent category for "brassieres" was inaugurated with the first patent issued to <a href="/wiki/Caresse_Crosby" title="Caresse Crosby">Mary Phelps Jacob</a>, later and better known as <a href="/wiki/Caresse_Crosby" title="Caresse Crosby">Caresse Crosby</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-duron-8">[8]</a> In the 1930s, brassiere/brassière was gradually shortened to bra.<a href="#cite_note-angel-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_bras" title="History of bras">History of bras</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:150px;max-width:150px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:195px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Brassiere1808a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Brassiere1808a.jpg/148px-Brassiere1808a.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Brassiere1808a.jpg/222px-Brassiere1808a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Brassiere1808a.jpg/296px-Brassiere1808a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1282" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">Corset</a>, 1808</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:138px;max-width:138px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:195px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Ellie-Rose_-_EXPLORE_221.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ellie-Rose_-_EXPLORE_221.jpg/136px-Ellie-Rose_-_EXPLORE_221.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ellie-Rose_-_EXPLORE_221.jpg/204px-Ellie-Rose_-_EXPLORE_221.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ellie-Rose_-_EXPLORE_221.jpg/272px-Ellie-Rose_-_EXPLORE_221.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="4082" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Corset, 2010</div></div></div></div></div> The history of the brassière is full of myths in which people like <a href="/wiki/Caresse_Crosby" title="Caresse Crosby">Caresse Crosby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hughes" title="Howard Hughes">Howard Hughes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herminie_Cadolle" title="Herminie Cadolle">Herminie Cadolle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otto_Titzling" title="Otto Titzling">Otto Titzling</a> command center stage.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Before the spread of brassières, the female bust was encased in <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corsets</a> and structured garments called "<a href="#Falsies">bust improvers</a>", made of <a href="/wiki/Bone_(corsetry)" title="Bone (corsetry)">boning</a> and lace.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> The <a href="/wiki/History_of_corsets" title="History of corsets">history of corsets</a> indicates they started to go out of fashion by 1917, when metal was needed to make tanks and munitions for World War I,<a href="#cite_note-JForbes-11">[11]</a> and when 1920s fashions emphasized boyish figures.<a href="#cite_note-JFields-12">[12]</a> When corsets became unfashionable, brassières and padding helped to project, display and emphasize the breasts. In 1893, New Yorker Marie Tucek was granted a patent for a "breast supporter", described as a modification of the corset, and was very similar to a modern <a href="/wiki/Push-up_bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Push-up bra">push-up bra</a> designed to support the breasts. It consisted of a plate made of metal, cardboard or other stiff material shaped to fit against the torso under the breasts, following the contour of the breasts. It was covered with silk, canvas or other cloth, which extended above the plate to form a pocket for each breast. The plate curved around the torso and ended near the armpits.<a href="#cite_note-Tucek-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_brassières">Early brassières</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early brassières">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bronze_Venus_or_Aphrodite_with_breastband,_0-400_CE,_exhibited_at_%27Timeless_Beauty%27_at_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bronze_Venus_or_Aphrodite_with_breastband%2C_0-400_CE%2C_exhibited_at_%27Timeless_Beauty%27_at_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren_2016.jpg/250px-Bronze_Venus_or_Aphrodite_with_breastband%2C_0-400_CE%2C_exhibited_at_%27Timeless_Beauty%27_at_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bronze_Venus_or_Aphrodite_with_breastband%2C_0-400_CE%2C_exhibited_at_%27Timeless_Beauty%27_at_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren_2016.jpg/330px-Bronze_Venus_or_Aphrodite_with_breastband%2C_0-400_CE%2C_exhibited_at_%27Timeless_Beauty%27_at_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Bronze_Venus_or_Aphrodite_with_breastband%2C_0-400_CE%2C_exhibited_at_%27Timeless_Beauty%27_at_Gallo-Romeins_Museum_Tongeren_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> or <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> prepares to put on an apodesmos, bronze statuette, 0-400 CE</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mosa%C3%AFque_des_bikinis,_Piazza_Armerina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Mosa%C3%AFque_des_bikinis%2C_Piazza_Armerina.jpg/220px-Mosa%C3%AFque_des_bikinis%2C_Piazza_Armerina.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Mosa%C3%AFque_des_bikinis%2C_Piazza_Armerina.jpg/330px-Mosa%C3%AFque_des_bikinis%2C_Piazza_Armerina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Mosa%C3%AFque_des_bikinis%2C_Piazza_Armerina.jpg/440px-Mosa%C3%AFque_des_bikinis%2C_Piazza_Armerina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2903" data-file-height="1897" /></a><figcaption>Roman women wearing breast-bands during sport, <a href="/wiki/Villa_Romana_del_Casale" title="Villa Romana del Casale">Villa Romana del Casale</a>, Sicily, 4th century AD</figcaption></figure> Wearing a garment to support the breasts may date back to <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HISTORY-15">[15]</a> Women wore an apodesmos,<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> later stēthodesmē,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> mastodesmos<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> and mastodeton,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> all meaning "breast-band", a band of wool or linen that was wrapped across the breasts and tied or pinned at the back.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeoty18939-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Roman women wore breast-bands during sport, such as those shown on the <a href="/wiki/Villa_Romana_del_Casale#Athletic_competition" title="Villa Romana del Casale">Coronation of the Winner</a> mosaic (also known as the "Bikini mosaic"). Fragments of linen textiles found at <a href="/wiki/Lengberg_Castle" title="Lengberg Castle">Lengberg Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Tyrol" title="East Tyrol">East Tyrol</a> in Austria dated to between 1440 and 1485 are believed to have been bras. Two of them had cups made from two pieces of linen sewn with fabric that extended to the bottom of the torso with a row of six eyelets for fastening with a lace or string. One had two shoulder straps and was decorated with lace in the cleavage.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> From the 16th century, the undergarments of wealthier women in the Western world were dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">corset</a>, which pushed the breasts upwards. In the later 19th century, clothing designers began experimenting with alternatives, splitting the corset into multiple parts: a <a href="/wiki/Girdle" title="Girdle">girdle</a>-like restraining device for the lower torso, and devices that suspended the breasts from the shoulder to the upper torso.<a href="#cite_note-HISTORY-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_bra">Modern bra</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern bra">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USpatent494397b1893.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/USpatent494397b1893.png/250px-USpatent494397b1893.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/USpatent494397b1893.png/330px-USpatent494397b1893.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/USpatent494397b1893.png/500px-USpatent494397b1893.png 2x" data-file-width="1479" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption>"Breast Supporter" <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1893</figcaption></figure> Though the first bra, a linen and lace garment that looks almost exactly like a modern bra, was discovered in an early 15th century collection from <a href="/wiki/Lengberg_Castle" title="Lengberg Castle">Lengberg Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tyrol" title="Tyrol">Tyrol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, there is no other evidence of any use of bras in the 1400s. In 1914, the first modern bra was patented by New York publisher, activist, and socialite <a href="/wiki/Caresse_Crosby" title="Caresse Crosby">Caresse Crosby</a> (born Mary Phelps Jacob).<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-JForbes-11">[11]</a> Frustrated with a <a href="/wiki/Whale_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Whale bone">whale bone</a> corset that kept popping through a new party dress,<a href="#cite_note-Deccan-25">[25]</a> she created the bra from two handkerchiefs and some ribbon to create <a href="/wiki/Cleavage_(breasts)" title="Cleavage (breasts)">cleavage</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MKetch-26">[26]</a> Crosby sold bras to friends for one dollar. Soon she founded the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Form_Brassi%C3%A8re_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fashion Form Brassière Company (page does not exist)">Fashion Form Brassière Company</a>, with a factory in Boston staffed by two women. Crosby patented the first bra as "the backless brassière" in 1914. After making a few hundred bras and some orders from department stores, she was persuaded by her husband to close the company.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">why?</a>] She sold the patent to The <a href="/wiki/Warner_Brothers_Corset_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Brothers Corset Company">Warner Brothers Corset Company</a> for US$1,500. In the next 30 years, Warner Brothers made more than US$15 million from the design.<a href="#cite_note-MKetch-26">[26]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:169px;max-width:169px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:256px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Calkins-corset-ad-1898.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Calkins-corset-ad-1898.jpg/167px-Calkins-corset-ad-1898.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Calkins-corset-ad-1898.jpg/251px-Calkins-corset-ad-1898.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Calkins-corset-ad-1898.jpg/334px-Calkins-corset-ad-1898.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="538" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Corset from 1898</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:119px;max-width:119px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:256px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Soutien_des_seine_par_une_brassiere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Soutien_des_seine_par_une_brassiere.jpg/120px-Soutien_des_seine_par_une_brassiere.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Soutien_des_seine_par_une_brassiere.jpg/250px-Soutien_des_seine_par_une_brassiere.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="558" data-file-height="1217" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Bodice from 1900</div></div></div></div></div> According to Cadolle Lingerie House, <a href="/wiki/Herminie_Cadolle" title="Herminie Cadolle">Herminie Cadolle</a>, a French inventor, was the first inventor to patent the modern 'brassiere', called the "corselet-gorge", lingerie which separated the upper bra portion from the lower corset, the first step toward the modern bra.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> An <a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">urban legend</a> that the brassière was invented by a man named <a href="/wiki/Otto_Titzling" title="Otto Titzling">Otto Titzling</a> ("tit sling") who lost a lawsuit with Phillip de Brassière ("fill up the brassière") originated with the 1971 book Bust-Up: The Uplifting Tale of Otto Titzling and the Development of the Bra and was propagated in a comedic song from the movie <a href="/wiki/Beaches_(1988_film)" title="Beaches (1988 film)">Beaches</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Half the patents filed for the design and manufacture of the bra were created by women.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002-29">[29]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a>-based German, Christine Hardt, patented the first modern brassière in 1899.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Sigmund Lindauer from Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, Germany, developed a brassière for mass production and patented it in 1912. It was mass-produced by Mechanische Trikotweberei Ludwig Maier und Cie. in Böblingen, Germany.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> In the United States, <a href="/wiki/Caresse_Crosby" title="Caresse Crosby">Mary Phelps Jacob</a> received a patent in 1914 for the first brassière design that is recognized as the basis for modern bras.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJenkins2005111-34">[34]</a> Mass production in the early 20th century made the garment widely available to women in the United States, England, Western Europe, and other countries influenced by western fashion.<a href="#cite_note-angel-2">[2]</a> Metal shortages in World War I encouraged the end of the corset. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:312px;max-width:312px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:132px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:White_bra_cup_C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/White_bra_cup_C.jpg/250px-White_bra_cup_C.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/White_bra_cup_C.jpg/330px-White_bra_cup_C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="2900" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Padded bra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:173px;max-width:173px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:132px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Brassiere-white.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Brassiere-white.jpg/171px-Brassiere-white.jpg" decoding="async" width="171" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Brassiere-white.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="197" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Underwire_bra" title="Underwire bra">Underwire bra</a></div></div></div></div></div> Development of the underwire bra started in the 1930s,<a href="#cite_note-Napoleon-35">[35]</a> though it did not gain widespread popularity until the 1950s, when the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> freed metal for domestic use.<a href="#cite_note-Kanner-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-Seigel-37">[37]</a> Aviator and filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hughes" title="Howard Hughes">Howard Hughes</a> designed a prototype for an aerodynamic underwire bra for <a href="/wiki/Jane_Russell" title="Jane Russell">Jane Russell</a> when filming <a href="/wiki/The_Outlaw" title="The Outlaw">The Outlaw</a> in 1941. According to Hughes, the resultant amount was "the length of the actual cleavage is five and one-quarter inches."<a href="#cite_note-divide-38">[38]</a> Bras in 1940s left a substantial amount of fabric in the center, thus creating a separation of breasts instead of the pushed-together cleavage of today.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Mellinger" title="Frederick Mellinger">Frederick Mellinger</a> of Frederick's of Hollywood created the first padded bra in 1947, followed by an early push-up bra a year later (dubbed "The Rising Star"<a href="#cite_note-JForbes-11">[11]</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Deccan-25">[25]</a> A padded bra adds material (foam, silicone, gel, air, or fluid) to the cups to help the breasts look fuller.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> There are different designs, from a slight lift to a highly pushed-up effect, that provide coverage and support, hides nipples, add shape to breasts that are far apart and adds comfort.<a href="#cite_note-Grady-41">[41]</a> Graduated padding uses more padding at the bottom of the cups that gradually tapers off towards the top.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> There also are semi-padded bras that suits deep neck dresses.<a href="#cite_note-PAti-43">[43]</a> With the advent of padded bras, sales of removable pads took a plunge,<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> though some padded bras also have removable inserts.<a href="#cite_note-Grady-41">[41]</a> Actress <a href="/wiki/Julia_Roberts" title="Julia Roberts">Julia Roberts</a> was required to wear a custom made silicone gel filled bra for the movie <a href="/wiki/Erin_Brockovich_(film)" title="Erin Brockovich (film)">Erin Brockovich</a> in order to increase her cleavage.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Brassières were initially manufactured by small production companies and supplied to retailers. The term "cup" was not used until 1916, and manufacturers relied on stretchable cups to accommodate different sized breasts.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau200273-47">[47]</a> Women with larger or sagging breasts had the choice of long-line bras, built-up backs, wedge-shaped inserts between the cups, wider straps, <a href="/wiki/Lastex" title="Lastex">Lastex</a>, firm bands under the cup, and light boning.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau200273-47">[47]</a> In October 1932, the S.H. Camp and Company correlated the size and pendulousness of breasts to letters A through D.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEApsan2006186-3">[3]</a> Camp's advertising featured letter-labeled profiles of breasts in the February 1933 issue of Corset and Underwear Review. In 1937, Warner began to feature cup sizing in its products.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002Steele201073-48">[48]</a> Adjustable bands were introduced using multiple hook and eye closures in the 1930s.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002Steele201056,_81-49">[49]</a> By the time World War II ended, most fashion-conscious women in Europe and North America were wearing brassière, and women in Asia, Africa, and Latin America began to adopt it.<a href="#cite_note-angel-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1960s–1980s">1960s–1980s</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1960s–1980s">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:128px;max-width:128px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:225px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_(8665935870).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Elizabeth_%288665935870%29.jpg/250px-Elizabeth_%288665935870%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Elizabeth_%288665935870%29.jpg/330px-Elizabeth_%288665935870%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1964" data-file-height="3500" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Push up bra</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:140px;max-width:140px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:225px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Gemma_-_SOOC_@_ISO3200_(11422939306).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Gemma_-_SOOC_%40_ISO3200_%2811422939306%29.jpg/138px-Gemma_-_SOOC_%40_ISO3200_%2811422939306%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Gemma_-_SOOC_%40_ISO3200_%2811422939306%29.jpg/207px-Gemma_-_SOOC_%40_ISO3200_%2811422939306%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Gemma_-_SOOC_%40_ISO3200_%2811422939306%29.jpg/276px-Gemma_-_SOOC_%40_ISO3200_%2811422939306%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4393" data-file-height="7179" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Plunge bra</div></div></div></div></div> In fall 1963 and spring 1964, the Western fashion trends were dominated by plunging necklines, while audiences were charmed by movies like <a href="/wiki/Tom_Jones_(1963_film)" title="Tom Jones (1963 film)">Tom Jones</a> that portrayed "aggressive cleavages". Lingerie and Shapewear manufacturers like <a href="/wiki/Warnaco_Group" title="Warnaco Group">Warner Brothers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gossard_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Gossard Limited">Gossard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Formfit" title="Formfit">Formfit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bali_(lingerie)" title="Bali (lingerie)">Bali</a> took the opportunity to market plunge bras.<a href="#cite_note-Up144-50">[50]</a> A plunge bra covers the nipples and bottom of the breasts while leaving the top part bare making it suitable for low-cut tops and deep V-necks.<a href="#cite_note-PAti-43">[43]</a> It also has a lower, shorter and narrower center <a href="/wiki/Gore_(fabrics)" title="Gore (fabrics)">gore</a> that maintains support while increasing cleavage by allowing the gore to drop several inches below the middle of the breasts.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-CHarr-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Plunge bras comes in different depths that provide great cleavage. Like a push up bra these have some padding and provide support,<a href="#cite_note-Grady-41">[41]</a> as well as to help push the breasts together and create cleavage.<a href="#cite_note-CHarr-52">[52]</a> Bali and <a href="/wiki/Vassarette" title="Vassarette">Vassarette</a> also marketed lace bras that maximized cleavage.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> The first <a href="/wiki/Push-up_bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Push-up bra">push-up bra</a> was created in 1964 by Canadian Louise Poirier and patented for <a href="/wiki/Wonderbra" title="Wonderbra">Wonderbra</a> (trademarked in 1935), then owned by Canadelle, a Canadian lingerie company in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-SStall-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> A push up bra is designed to press the breasts upwards and closer together to give a fuller appearance with help of padded cups,<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> differing from other padded bras in location of the pads.<a href="#cite_note-Grady-41">[41]</a> It leaves the upper and inner area of breasts uncovered adding more cleavage. These are available in many designs and every size starting <a href="/wiki/Bra_size" title="Bra size">from A to E</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PAti-43">[43]</a> Most of the push-up bras have underwires for added lift and support,<a href="#cite_note-PAti-43">[43]</a> while the padding is commonly made of foam.<a href="#cite_note-Grady-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1990s_onward">1990s onward</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1990s onward">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:136px;max-width:136px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:197px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Circa_1975_Wonderbra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Circa_1975_Wonderbra.jpg/250px-Circa_1975_Wonderbra.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Circa_1975_Wonderbra.jpg/330px-Circa_1975_Wonderbra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="1427" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Wonderbra" title="Wonderbra">Wonderbra</a> (1975)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:197px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Lais_Ribeiro_modeling_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lais_Ribeiro_modeling_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Lais_Ribeiro_modeling_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lais_Ribeiro_modeling_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Lais_Ribeiro_modeling_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="3300" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret" title="Victoria's Secret">Victoria's Secret</a> (2014)</div></div></div></div></div> The Wonderbra brand was acquired, in 1994, by <a href="/wiki/Sara_Lee_Corporation" title="Sara Lee Corporation">Sara Lee Corporation</a> and, since 2006, licensed to <a href="/wiki/Hanes" title="Hanes">HanesBrands Inc</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sun_Capital_Partners" title="Sun Capital Partners">Sun Capital</a> for different markets.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> It had 54 design elements, including a three-part cup, underwires, a precision-angled back, rigid straps, and removable "cookies".<a href="#cite_note-SStall-56">[56]</a> When the push-up plunge bra first appeared in the US market one Wonderbra sold every 15 seconds, driving a first year sale of US$120 million.<a href="#cite_note-SStall-56">[56]</a> The bra became one of the most complex pieces of lingerie ever created.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In 1994, supermodel <a href="/wiki/Eva_Herzigova" class="mw-redirect" title="Eva Herzigova">Eva Herzigova</a>'s cleavage photographed by <a href="/wiki/Ellen_von_Unwerth" title="Ellen von Unwerth">Ellen von Unwerth</a> for Wonderbra's controversial advertising campaign Hello Boys helped shape the ideal of women, an experience Herzigova described as "empowering".<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> In 1999, the advertising poster was placed at 10th position in the Poster of the Century competition compiled by trade magazine <a href="/wiki/Campaign_(magazine)" title="Campaign (magazine)">Campaign</a>. In 2011, it was voted the top advertising campaign of all time in a poll by Outdoor Media Centre, and advertising and marketing portal, and was featured in an exhibition at the Victoria and Albert Museum.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> It helped to bring the brand into forefront of the competition for cleavage after 30 years of relative obscurity.<a href="#cite_note-JForbes-11">[11]</a> On the first Friday of every April in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brassi%C3%A8re" class="mw-redirect" title="Brassière">brassière</a> marketer Wonderbra sponsors a <a href="/wiki/National_Cleavage_Day" title="National Cleavage Day">National Cleavage Day</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WONDERBRA-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-IOLTSDJFYC-65">[65]</a> America's largest lingerie retailer <a href="/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret" title="Victoria's Secret">Victoria's Secret</a> was launched by Roy Raymond, a Stanford alumnus, in San Francisco in late 1970s with a similar appeal.<a href="#cite_note-Pelling-66">[66]</a> <a href="/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Angels" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria's Secret Angels">Victoria's Secret Angels</a> held its first fashion show at <a href="/wiki/Plaza_Hotel" title="Plaza Hotel">Plaza Hotel</a> in New York in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-Krueger-67">[67]</a> Even traditional brands, who were producing 1950s style pointy-cups, low-backs, low-fronts and no-straps,<a href="#cite_note-Up144-50">[50]</a> like <a href="/wiki/Maidenform" title="Maidenform">Maidenform</a> joined the competition in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In 1999 the event was first webcast. By 2001, the event was being aired on network television with 12 million viewers for the first broadcast. Other lingerie manufacturers like Frederick's of Hollywood and Agent Provocateur also joined the competition by that time,<a href="#cite_note-Krueger-67">[67]</a> with the former introducing a design called Hollywood Extreme Cleavage Bra that helped give the impression of a spherical cleavage like augmented breasts that was popularized by stars like <a href="/wiki/Pamela_Anderson" title="Pamela Anderson">Pamela Anderson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Underwire_bra" title="Underwire bra">underwire bra</a> utilizes a wire sewn into the bra fabric and under each cup, from the center gore to under the wearer's armpit. It helps to lift, separate, shape, and support the breasts. These bras use a thin strip of metal, plastic or resin, usually with a nylon coating at both ends.<a href="#cite_note-Goo-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-madaras-71">[71]</a> Some underwire bra styles also come in soft cup versions.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Underwire bras accounted for 60% of the United Kingdom bra market in 2000<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> and 70% in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> About 70% of women who wear bras wear a steel underwire bra according to underwear manufacturer industries of New York in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-Goo-70">[70]</a> In 2001, 70% (350 million) of the bras sold in the United States were underwire bras.<a href="#cite_note-Tucek-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Goo-70">[70]</a> In 2005, underwire bras were the fastest growing segment of the market.<a href="#cite_note-Mintel-75">[75]</a> There has been complaints that underwire bras restrict the flow of blood and <a href="/wiki/Lymph_fluid" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymph fluid">lymph fluid</a> around the breasts preventing drainage of toxins, though there has been no evidence of that.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> In the next decade, particularly during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns" title="COVID-19 lockdowns">COVID-19 lockdowns</a>,<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <a href="/wiki/Bralette" title="Bralette">bralettes</a> and soft bras started replacing underwired and padded bras,<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> sometimes also serving as an outerwear.<a href="#cite_note-Dyett-79">[79]</a> At the same time popularity of brands like Victoria's Secret decreased significantly.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Because, according to Sarah Shotton, creative director of Agent Provocateur, "Now it's about the athletic body, health and wellbeing", than "about the <a href="/wiki/Male_gaze" title="Male gaze">male gaze</a>,"<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> while according to independent lingerie designer Araks Yeramyan "It was <a href="#MeToo">#MeToo</a> that catapulted the bralette movement into what it is today."<a href="#cite_note-Dyett-79">[79]</a> Some bralettes still provide plunging designs, light padding, bottom support or significant cleavage.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bra_designs" title="List of bra designs">List of bra designs</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manufacture">Manufacture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Manufacture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction">Construction</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Construction">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Woman_sewing_in_a_Puerto_Rico_garment_shop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Woman_sewing_in_a_Puerto_Rico_garment_shop.jpg/220px-Woman_sewing_in_a_Puerto_Rico_garment_shop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Woman_sewing_in_a_Puerto_Rico_garment_shop.jpg/330px-Woman_sewing_in_a_Puerto_Rico_garment_shop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Woman_sewing_in_a_Puerto_Rico_garment_shop.jpg/440px-Woman_sewing_in_a_Puerto_Rico_garment_shop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="824" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>A seamstress sews a bra in Puerto Rico</figcaption></figure> Mass-produced bras are manufactured to fit a prototypical woman standing with both arms at her sides. The design assumes that both breasts are equally sized and symmetrical.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChenLaBatBye2010-86">[86]</a> Manufacturing a well-fitting bra is a challenge since the garment is supposed to be form-fitting but women's breasts may sag, vary in volume, width, height, shape, and position on the chest.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChenLaBatBye2010-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-cope-88">[88]</a> Manufacturers make standard bra sizes that provide a "close" fit, however even a woman with accurate measurements can have a difficult time finding a correctly fitted bra because of the variations in sizes between different manufacturers. Some manufacturers create "<a href="/wiki/Vanity_sizing" title="Vanity sizing">vanity sizes</a>" and deliberately mis-state the size of their bras in an attempt to persuade women that they are slimmer and more buxom.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-times2018-90">[90]</a> A bra is one of the most complicated garments to make. A typical design has between 20 and 48 parts, including the band, gore, side panel, cup, apex, neckline, underwire, strap, ring, slider, strap join, and closure. Bras are built on a square frame model. <a href="/wiki/Lingerie" title="Lingerie">Lingerie</a> designer Chantal Thomass said, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">It's a highly technical garment, made of lots of tiny pieces of fabric, with so many sizes to consider for the different cups, etc. It's a garment you wash every day, so the seams and structure need to be extremely robust. It's very different from a piece of clothing; it's in direct contact with the skin, it needs to be super solid.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></blockquote> The primary component offering the most support is a chest band that wraps around the torso. It supports two cups that are usually held in place by two <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_strap" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoulder strap">shoulder straps</a>. The chest band is usually closed in the back by a hook and eye <a href="/wiki/Fastener" title="Fastener">fastener</a>, but smaller busted models may be fastened at the front.<a href="#cite_note-franklin-92">[92]</a> Sleep bras or <a href="/wiki/Sports_bra" title="Sports bra">athletic bras</a> do not have fasteners and are pulled on over the head and breasts. The section between the cups is called a gore. The section under the armpit where the band joins the cups is called the "back wing".<a href="#cite_note-hanesglos-93">[93]</a> Bra components, including the cup top and bottom (if seamed), the central, side and back panels, and straps, are cut to manufacturer's specifications. Many layers of fabric may be cut at the same time using computer-controlled lasers or bandsaw shearing devices. The pieces are assembled by piece workers using industrial sewing machines or automated machines. Coated metal hooks and eyes are sewn in by machine and heat processed or ironed into the back ends of the band and a tag or label is attached or printed onto the bra itself.<a href="#cite_note-hanesglos-93">[93]</a> The completed bras are folded (mechanically or manually), and packaged for shipment.<a href="#cite_note-gale-94">[94]</a> The chest band and cups, not the shoulder straps, are designed to support the weight of women's breasts. Strapless bras rely on an <a href="/wiki/Underwire_bra" title="Underwire bra">underwire</a> and additional seaming and stiffening panels to support them. The shoulder straps of some sports bras cross over at the back to take the pressure off the shoulders when arms are raised. Manufacturers continually experiment with proprietary frame designs. For example, the Playtex "18-Hour Bra" model utilizes an M-Frame design.<a href="#cite_note-hanesglos-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Materials">Materials</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Materials">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brassieres,_Cairo,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Brassieres%2C_Cairo%2C_2013.jpg/220px-Brassieres%2C_Cairo%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Brassieres%2C_Cairo%2C_2013.jpg/330px-Brassieres%2C_Cairo%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Brassieres%2C_Cairo%2C_2013.jpg/440px-Brassieres%2C_Cairo%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Selection of bras in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, Egypt, 2013</figcaption></figure> Bras were originally made of linen, cotton broadcloth, and twill weaves and sewn using flat-felled or bias-tape seams. They are now made of a variety of materials, including <a href="/wiki/Tricot_(fabric)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tricot (fabric)">Tricot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spandex" title="Spandex">Spandex</a>, Spanette, <a href="/wiki/Latex" title="Latex">Latex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microfiber" title="Microfiber">microfiber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satin" title="Satin">satin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacquard_loom" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacquard loom">Jacquard</a>, foam, mesh, and <a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">lace</a>,<a href="#cite_note-hanesglos-93">[93]</a> which are blended to achieve specific purposes. Spandex, a synthetic fiber with built-in "stretch memory", can be blended with cotton, polyester, or nylon. Mesh is a high-tech synthetic composed of ultra-fine filaments that are tightly knit for smoothness.<a href="#cite_note-hanesglos-93">[93]</a> Sixty to seventy per cent of bras sold in the UK and US have <a href="/wiki/Underwire_bra" title="Underwire bra">underwired</a> cups. The underwire is made of metal, plastic, or resin.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tucek-13">[13]</a> The antecedents for underwire in bras date to at least 1893, when Marie Tucek of New York City patented a breast supporter, a sort of early push-up bra made of either metal or cardboard and then covered with fabric.<a href="#cite_note-Goo-70">[70]</a> Underwire is built around the perimeter of the cup where it attaches to the band, increasing its rigidity to improve support, lift, and separation.<a href="#cite_note-franklin-92">[92]</a> Wirefree or softcup bras have additional seaming and internal reinforcement. By the late 1970s, wire-free bras were emerging both at Hanky Panky and at <a href="/wiki/Hanro" title="Hanro">Hanro</a> in Switzerland. Cosabella in Italy and in France followed in the 1980s, as did <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eberjey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eberjey (page does not exist)">Eberjey</a> in the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-Dyett-79">[79]</a> Others use padding or shaping materials to enhance bust size or cleavage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuciani2009224-96">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Size_and_fitting">Size and fitting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Size and fitting">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bra_size" title="Bra size">Bra size</a></div> In most countries, bras come in a band and cup size, such as 34C; 34 is the chest band, or the measurement around the torso directly underneath the breasts, and C is the cup size, which refers to the volume of the breasts. Most bras are offered in 36 sizes; the Triumph "Doreen" comes in 67 sizes, up to 46J.<a href="#cite_note-KingJune2005-97">[97]</a> The cup size varies depending on the band size. A D cup on a 38 band is larger in volume than a D cup on a 34 band, as the volume of a woman's breast increases as her chest band dimension increases.<a href="#cite_note-bravissimo_fit-98">[98]</a> In countries that have adopted the European <a href="/wiki/EN_13402" class="mw-redirect" title="EN 13402">EN 13402</a> dress-size standard, the measurement is rounded to the nearest multiple of 5 centimetres (2.0 in).<a href="#cite_note-bra_fitting_services-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-womens_hour_bras-100">[100]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PostureFoundationGarments07fig5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/PostureFoundationGarments07fig5.png/170px-PostureFoundationGarments07fig5.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/PostureFoundationGarments07fig5.png/255px-PostureFoundationGarments07fig5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/PostureFoundationGarments07fig5.png/340px-PostureFoundationGarments07fig5.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1949" /></a><figcaption>1958 illustration of how to measure cup and band size</figcaption></figure> International manufacturing standards and measurement systems vary widely. Bras are designed for an averaged body, but women's anatomy varies widely. Ten percent of women's breasts are asymmetrical, with the left breast being larger in 62 percent of cases.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> One woman's breasts may be ptotic and widely spaced, another's might be centered closely on the chest, upright, and very full. As a result, finding a correctly fitting bra is extremely difficult. When women find a bra that appears to fit, they tend to stay with that size, even though they may lose and gain weight.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-times2018-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGheeSteele2006-103">[103]</a> In a survey in the United Kingdom, 60 per cent of over 2,000 women between the ages of 16 and 75 said they had had a bra fitting, and 99 per cent said that fit was the least important factor when selecting a bra.<a href="#cite_note-robson-104">[104]</a> Increased publicity about the issue of poorly fitted bras has increased the number of women seeking a fitting. The UK retailer <a href="/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer" title="Marks & Spencer">Marks & Spencer</a> stated that about 8,000 women are fitted for bras in their stores weekly.<a href="#cite_note-guardian1117-105">[105]</a> Despite this, about 80–85 percent of women still wear the wrong bra size.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcGheeSteele2010WoodCameronFitzgerald2008-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc2008-107">[107]</a> Bra experts recommend professional bra fittings from the lingerie department of a clothing store or a specialty lingerie store, especially for cup sizes D or larger, and particularly if there has been significant weight gain or loss, or if the wearer is continually adjusting her bra.<a href="#cite_note-KingJune2005-97">[97]</a> Women in the UK change their bra size on average six times over their lifetimes.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bra_extension_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bra_extension_-_1.jpg/220px-Bra_extension_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bra_extension_-_1.jpg/330px-Bra_extension_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bra_extension_-_1.jpg/440px-Bra_extension_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Bra extension for the band</figcaption></figure> Signs of a loose bra band include the band riding up the back. If the band causes flesh to spill over the edges, it is too small.<a href="#cite_note-fantasie-109">[109]</a> A woman can test whether a bra band is too tight or loose by reversing the bra on her torso so that the cups are in the back and then check for fit and comfort.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Experts suggest that women choose a band size that fits using the outermost set of hooks. This allows the wearer to use the tighter hooks as the bra stretches during its lifetime.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Styles">Styles</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Styles">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bra_designs" title="List of bra designs">List of bra designs</a></div> Bras may be designed to enhance a woman's breast size, or to create <a href="/wiki/Decolletage" class="mw-redirect" title="Decolletage">cleavage</a>, or for other aesthetic, fashion, or more practical considerations. <a href="/wiki/Nursing_bra" title="Nursing bra">Nursing bras</a> are designed to aid <a href="/wiki/Breastfeeding" title="Breastfeeding">breastfeeding</a>.<a href="#cite_note-HISTORY-15">[15]</a> Compression bras, such as <a href="/wiki/Sports_bra" title="Sports bra">sports bras</a>, push against and minimize breast movement, whereas encapsulation bras have cups for support.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Breast support may be built into some swimsuits, camisoles and dresses.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">Cancer</a> bras are designed specifically for <a href="/wiki/Breast_cancer" title="Breast cancer">breast cancer</a> patients who have undergone a <a href="/wiki/Mastectomy" title="Mastectomy">mastectomy</a>. The styles provide post-surgical support, and some include pads or pockets for stuffing. Bras come in a variety of styles, including backless, balconette, convertible, shelf, full cup, full coverage bra, demi-cup, minimizing, padded, plunge, lounge bra, posture, push-up, racerback, sheer, strapless, T-shirt, underwire, unlined, and soft cup.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fashion">Fashion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Fashion">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patti_Page_1955.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Patti_Page_1955.JPG/220px-Patti_Page_1955.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Patti_Page_1955.JPG/330px-Patti_Page_1955.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Patti_Page_1955.JPG/440px-Patti_Page_1955.JPG 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="917" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Patti_Page" title="Patti Page">Patti Page</a> wearing a <a href="/wiki/Bullet_bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullet bra">bullet bra</a>, 1955</figcaption></figure> Women's choices about what bra to wear are consciously and unconsciously affected by social perceptions of the ideal <a href="/wiki/Female_body_shape" title="Female body shape">female body shape</a>, which changes over time.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurns-Ardolino2007-116">[116]</a> As lingerie, women wear bras for sex appeal. Bras can also be used to make a social statement as evidenced by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Paul Gaultier">Jean-Paul Gaultier</a>'s designs and the cone-shaped bra <a href="/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna (entertainer)">Madonna</a> wore outside her clothing on her <a href="/wiki/Blond_Ambition_World_Tour" title="Blond Ambition World Tour">Blond Ambition World Tour</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott2010-117">[117]</a> In the 1920s, the <a href="/wiki/Flapper" title="Flapper">flapper</a> aesthetic involved flattening the breasts.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> During the 1940s and 1950s, the <a href="/wiki/Sweater_girl" title="Sweater girl">sweater girl</a> became fashionable, supported by a <a href="/wiki/Bullet_bra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullet bra">bullet bra</a> (known also as a torpedo or cone bra) as worn by <a href="/wiki/Jane_Russell" title="Jane Russell">Jane Russell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Patti_Page" title="Patti Page">Patti Page</a>.<a href="#cite_note-toknow-119">[119]</a> As outerwear, bras in the form of bikini tops in the 1950s became an acceptable public display.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott2010-117">[117]</a> During the 1960s, designers and manufacturers introduced padded and underwire bras. After the <a href="/wiki/Miss_America_protest" title="Miss America protest">Miss America protest</a> in September 1968, manufacturers were concerned that women would stop wearing bras. In response, many altered their marketing and claimed that wearing their bra was like "not wearing a bra".<a href="#cite_note-Vecchione-120">[120]</a> In the 1970s women sought more comfortable and natural-looking bras.<a href="#cite_note-toknow-119">[119]</a> In the late 1990s larger breasts became more fashionable in England.<a href="#cite_note-guardian1117-105">[105]</a> <a href="/wiki/Iris_Marion_Young" title="Iris Marion Young">Iris Marion Young</a> described preferences in the United States in 1990: "round, sitting high on the chest, large but not bulbous, with the look of firmness." This is regarded as contradictory in several ways.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurns-Ardolino200732-121">[121]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">by whom?</a>] <a href="/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret" title="Victoria's Secret">Victoria's Secret</a> commissions a fantasy bra every autumn. In 2003, it hired the jeweller <a href="/wiki/Mouawad" title="Mouawad">Mouawad</a> to design one containing more than 2500 carats of diamonds and sapphires; valued at US$10 million, it was the world's most valuable bra at the time.<a href="#cite_note-independent15aug-122">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undergarment_as_outerwear">Undergarment as outerwear</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Undergarment as outerwear">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Underwear_as_outerwear" title="Underwear as outerwear">Underwear as outerwear</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:592px;max-width:592px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:207px;max-width:207px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:263px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Amy_Winehouse_f5048439_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Amy_Winehouse_f5048439_%28cropped%29.jpg/205px-Amy_Winehouse_f5048439_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="205" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Amy_Winehouse_f5048439_%28cropped%29.jpg/308px-Amy_Winehouse_f5048439_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Amy_Winehouse_f5048439_%28cropped%29.jpg/410px-Amy_Winehouse_f5048439_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1955" data-file-height="2508" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Amy_Winehouse" title="Amy Winehouse">Amy Winehouse</a> with a visible bra strap at a 2007 performance in France</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:201px;max-width:201px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:263px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:20011-08_przystanek_woodstock_0_19_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/20011-08_przystanek_woodstock_0_19_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-20011-08_przystanek_woodstock_0_19_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="199" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/20011-08_przystanek_woodstock_0_19_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-20011-08_przystanek_woodstock_0_19_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/20011-08_przystanek_woodstock_0_19_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-20011-08_przystanek_woodstock_0_19_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1937" data-file-height="2559" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">Women wearing bras as <a href="/wiki/Bikini" title="Bikini">bikini</a> tops at the 2011 <a href="/wiki/Woodstock_Festival_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodstock Festival (Poland)">Woodstock Festival in Poland</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:178px;max-width:178px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:263px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Young_woman_with_tattoos,_bralette_and_wrap_skirt_in_Madison,_Wisconsin_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Young_woman_with_tattoos%2C_bralette_and_wrap_skirt_in_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_2019.jpg/250px-Young_woman_with_tattoos%2C_bralette_and_wrap_skirt_in_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="176" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Young_woman_with_tattoos%2C_bralette_and_wrap_skirt_in_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_2019.jpg/330px-Young_woman_with_tattoos%2C_bralette_and_wrap_skirt_in_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Young_woman_with_tattoos%2C_bralette_and_wrap_skirt_in_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_2019.jpg/500px-Young_woman_with_tattoos%2C_bralette_and_wrap_skirt_in_Madison%2C_Wisconsin_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3036" data-file-height="4554" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">A black <a href="/wiki/Bralette" title="Bralette">bralette</a>, United States, 2019</div></div></div></div></div> <a href="/wiki/Sports_bra" title="Sports bra">Sports bras</a> were invented in 1975. Women wore them under other clothing for the next 25 years.<a href="#cite_note-komar-123">[123]</a> But on 10 July 1999, <a href="/wiki/Brandi_Chastain" title="Brandi Chastain">Brandi Chastain</a> scored the fifth kick in the <a href="/wiki/Penalty_shootout_(football)" class="mw-redirect" title="Penalty shootout (football)">penalty shootout</a> to give the United States the win over <a href="/wiki/China_women%27s_national_football_team" title="China women's national football team">China</a> in the final game of the <a href="/wiki/1999_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup_Final" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final">1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final</a>. In celebration, she spontaneously whipped off her jersey, exposing her sports bra. Her act is regarded by some as a historical event that boosted wearing sports bras alone.<a href="#cite_note-komar-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-Distillations-124">[124]</a> From that point forward, sports bras were increasingly worn as outerwear.<a href="#cite_note-krucoff-125">[125]</a> <a href="/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna (entertainer)">Madonna</a> was one of the first to start showing her bra straps, in the late 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> A corset she wore as outerwear during her 1990 <a href="/wiki/Blond_Ambition_World_Tour" title="Blond Ambition World Tour">Blond Ambition World Tour</a> sold for US$52,000 in 2012 at the Christie's Pop Culture auction in London.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> <a href="/wiki/Versace" title="Versace">Versace</a>'s autumn 2013 couture collection featured fashions that were open in the front, revealing underwire bras.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> It became fashionable from the early 1990s to wear clothing that showed bra straps.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Wearing clothes that reveal the bra or straps became so common that Cosmopolitan created guidelines in 2012 on how to expose them. Advice included avoiding plain, flesh-toned, smooth-cup bras, so that the exposure does not appear accidental; making sure the bra is in good condition; and wearing a style that either matches the colour of the outerwear or is dramatically different.<a href="#cite_note-cosmor22Aug-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decreasing_Western_usage">Decreasing Western usage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Decreasing Western usage">edit</a>]</div> While a few women have a medical and surgical need to wear a brassiere, informal surveys have found that many women began wearing bras to be fashionable, to conform to social or maternal pressure, or for physical support. Very few cited comfort as the reason. In fact, many women experience so much discomfort that they remove their bra as soon as they can.<a href="#cite_note-adams-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurns-Ardolino200730–32Sischo200858-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-angel-2">[2]</a> In Western society, since the 1960s, there has been a slow but steady trend towards <a href="/wiki/Bralessness" title="Bralessness">bralessness</a> among a number of women, especially millennials, who have expressed opposition to and are giving up wearing bras.<a href="#cite_note-Mallenbaum-136">[136]</a> Being seen in public while not wearing a bra has become more acceptable since then, encouraging more women to go without. In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Allure_(magazine)" title="Allure (magazine)">Allure</a> magazine fashion director Rachael Wang wrote, "Going braless is as old as feminism but it seems to be bubbling to the surface more recently as a direct response to <a href="/wiki/Third-wave_feminism" title="Third-wave feminism">Third Wave</a> moments like <a href="/wiki/Free_the_Nipple_(campaign)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free the Nipple (campaign)">#freethenipple</a> hashtag campaign, increased trans-visibility like <a href="/wiki/Caitlyn_Jenner" title="Caitlyn Jenner">Caitlyn Jenner</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a> cover ... and <a href="/wiki/Lena_Dunham" title="Lena Dunham">Lena Dunham</a>'s show <a href="/wiki/Girls_(TV_series)" title="Girls (TV series)">Girls</a> (which features young women often without bras)."<a href="#cite_note-Mallenbaum-136">[136]</a> In an online survey for <a href="/wiki/All_You" title="All You">All You</a> magazine in 2013, 25 percent of women reported that they do not wear a bra every day.<a href="#cite_note-usigan-137">[137]</a> Surveys have reported that 5–25 per cent of Western women do not wear a bra.<a href="#cite_note-independent15aug-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> A National <a href="/wiki/No_Bra_Day" title="No Bra Day">No Bra Day</a> was first observed in the United States on 9 July 2011.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> Women posted on Twitter about the relief they felt when taking off their bra.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> More than 250,000 people expressed an interest in "attending" the day on a Facebook page.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> No Bra Day is now observed internationally on 13 October.<a href="#cite_note-independent15aug-122">[122]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Harris_Insights_%26_Analytics" class="mw-redirect" title="Harris Insights & Analytics">Harris Poll</a> commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Playtex" title="Playtex">Playtex</a> asked more than 1,000 women what they like in a bra. Among the respondents, 67 per cent said they prefer wearing a bra to going braless, while 85 per cent wanted to wear a "shape-enhancing bra that feels like nothing at all." They were split as regards underwire bras: 49 per cent said they prefer underwire bras, the same percentage as those who said they prefer wireless bras.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuciani2009224-96">[96]</a> According to underwire manufacturer S & S Industries of New York, who supply bras to <a href="/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret" title="Victoria's Secret">Victoria's Secret</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bali_(lingerie)" title="Bali (lingerie)">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warner%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner's">Warner's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Playtex" title="Playtex">Playtex</a>, <a href="/wiki/VF_Corporation" title="VF Corporation">Vanity Fair</a>, and other labels, about 70 per cent of bra-wearing women wear underwire bras.<a href="#cite_note-Goo-70">[70]</a> COVID-19 lockdowns led to more women adopting wireless bras and bralettes for comfort. The company <a href="/wiki/Joanna_Griffiths" title="Joanna Griffiths">Knix</a>, which manufactures exclusively soft-cup bras, reported a 100 percent increase in sales between January 2020 and January 2021. "I don't think women are going to want to go back to wearing their regular everyday bras," stated the chief product officer for <a href="/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica" class="mw-redirect" title="Lululemon Athletica">Lululemon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usage_in_the_developing_world">Usage in the developing world</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Usage in the developing world">edit</a>]</div> Bras are not universally worn around the world; in some developing countries bras may cost up to 10–30 hours of a woman's wages, making them unaffordable to most of the population.<a href="#cite_note-hooked-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-hinson-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-frip-146">[146]</a> As of 2011<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit">[update]</a>, women in <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a> needed to pay up to a week's wages for a new bra.<a href="#cite_note-haxton-147">[147]</a> Bras are highly prized at second-hand markets in <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-hinson-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-frip-146">[146]</a> The Uplift Project provides recycled bras to women in developing countries.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Since 2005 they have shipped 330,000, including to Fiji, Vanuatu, Tonga, and Cambodia.<a href="#cite_note-hooked-144">[144]</a> In 2009 Somalia's hard-line Islamic group <a href="/wiki/Al-Shabaab_(militant_group)" title="Al-Shabaab (militant group)">Al-Shabaab</a> forced women to shake their breasts at gunpoint to see if they were wearing bras, which they called "un-Islamic".<a href="#cite_note-radiocanada-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> A resident of <a href="/wiki/Mogadishu" title="Mogadishu">Mogadishu</a> whose daughters were whipped said, "The Islamists say a woman's chest should be firm naturally, or flat."<a href="#cite_note-radiocanada-149">[149]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_impact">Economic impact</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Economic impact">edit</a>]</div> Consumers spend around $16 billion a year worldwide on bras.<a href="#cite_note-redbook-151">[151]</a> In the US during 2012, women owned an average of nine bras and wore six on a regular basis.<a href="#cite_note-redbook-151">[151]</a> That increased from 2006, when the average American woman owned six, one of which was strapless, and one in a colour other than white.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEActonAdamsPacker200638-152">[152]</a> British women in a 2009 survey reported that they owned an average of 16 bras.<a href="#cite_note-guardian1117-105">[105]</a> The average bra size among North American women has changed from 34B in 1983 to a 34DD in 2012–2013,<a href="#cite_note-racked-153">[153]</a> and from 36C in 2013 to 36DD in the UK during 2014–2015.<a href="#cite_note-crook-154">[154]</a> The change in bra size has been linked to growing obesity rates, breast implants, increased birth control usage, estrogen mimicking pollutants, the availability of a larger selection of bras, and women wearing better fitting bras.<a href="#cite_note-racked-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bra_shirt_and_same_with_viscose_wrap_dress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Bra_shirt_and_same_with_viscose_wrap_dress.jpg/220px-Bra_shirt_and_same_with_viscose_wrap_dress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Bra_shirt_and_same_with_viscose_wrap_dress.jpg/330px-Bra_shirt_and_same_with_viscose_wrap_dress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Bra_shirt_and_same_with_viscose_wrap_dress.jpg/440px-Bra_shirt_and_same_with_viscose_wrap_dress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6860" data-file-height="5657" /></a><figcaption>Bra shirt with built-in breast support (on left), 2015</figcaption></figure> Bras are made in Asian countries, including Sri Lanka, India, and China. While there has been some social pressure from the <a href="/wiki/Anti-sweatshop_movement" title="Anti-sweatshop movement">anti-sweatshop</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-globalization_movement" title="Anti-globalization movement">anti-globalization movements</a> on manufacturers to reduce use of <a href="/wiki/Sweatshop" title="Sweatshop">sweatshop</a> labour, most major apparel manufacturers rely on them directly and indirectly. Prior to 2005, a trade agreement limited textile imports to the European Union and the US. China was exporting US$33.9 billion in textiles and clothing each year to the EU and the US. When those quotas expired on 1 January 2005, the so-called Bra Wars began. Within six months, China shipped 30 million more bras to the two markets: 33 per cent more to the US and 63 per cent more to the EU.<a href="#cite_note-watson-156">[156]</a> As of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit">[update]</a>, an average bra cost £29.80.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> As of 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit">[update]</a>, Africa imported US$107 million worth of bras, with South Africa accounting for 40 per cent. Morocco was second and Nigeria third, while Mauritius topped purchasing on a <a href="/wiki/Per_capita" title="Per capita">per capita</a> basis.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> In countries where labour costs are low, bras that cost US$5–7 to manufacture sell for US$50 or more in American retail stores. As of 2006<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit">[update]</a>, female garment workers in Sri Lanka earned about US$2.20 per day.<a href="#cite_note-watson-156">[156]</a> Similarly, Honduran garment factory workers in 2003 were paid US$0.24 for each $50 <a href="/wiki/Sean_John" title="Sean John">Sean John</a> sweatshirt they made, less than one-half of one per cent of the retail price.<a href="#cite_note-seanjohn-159">[159]</a> In 2009, residents in the textile manufacturing city of Gurao in the <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> province of China made more than 200 million bras. Children were employed to assemble bras and were paid 0.30 <a href="/wiki/Chinese_yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese yuan">yuan</a> for every 100 bra straps they helped assemble. In one day they could earn 20 to 30 yuan.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_feminist_opinions">Western feminist opinions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Western feminist opinions">edit</a>]</div> In 1968 at the feminist <a href="/wiki/Miss_America_protest" title="Miss America protest">Miss America protest</a>, protesters symbolically threw a number of feminine products into a "Freedom Trash Can". These included bras,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDow2003-161">[161]</a> which were among items the protesters called "instruments of female torture"<a href="#cite_note-Duffett_1968,_p._4-162">[162]</a> and accoutrements of what they perceived to be enforced <a href="/wiki/Femininity" title="Femininity">femininity</a>. A local news story in the Atlantic City Press erroneously reported that "the bras, girdles, falsies, curlers, and copies of popular women's magazines burned in the 'Freedom Trash Can'".<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampbell2010109–110-164">[164]</a> Individuals who were present said that no one burned a bra nor did anyone take off her bra.<a href="#cite_note-Duffett_1968,_p._4-162">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2003-165">[165]</a> However, a female reporter (Lindsy Van Gelder) covering the protest drew an analogy between the feminist protesters and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> protesters who <a href="/wiki/Draft-card_burning" title="Draft-card burning">burned their draft cards</a>, and the parallel between protesters burning their draft cards and women burning their bras was encouraged by some organizers including <a href="/wiki/Robin_Morgan" title="Robin Morgan">Robin Morgan</a>. "The media picked up on the bra part", <a href="/wiki/Carol_Hanisch" title="Carol Hanisch">Carol Hanisch</a> said later. "I often say that if they had called us 'girdle burners,' every woman in America would have run to join us."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2003-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-Greenfieldboyce-166">[166]</a> Feminism and "bra-burning" became linked in popular culture.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> The analogous term jockstrap-burning has since been coined as a reference to <a href="/wiki/Masculism" title="Masculism">masculism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-jockburning-169">[169]</a> While feminist women did not literally burn their bras, some stopped wearing them in protest.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKornblum2011-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> The feminist author Bonnie J. Dow has suggested that the association between feminism and bra-burning was encouraged by individuals who opposed the feminist movement.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDow2003-161">[161]</a> "Bra-burning" created an image that women were not really seeking freedom from sexism, but were attempting to assert themselves as sexual beings.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDow2003130-172">[172]</a> This might lead individuals to believe, as <a href="/wiki/Susan_J._Douglas" title="Susan J. Douglas">Susan J. Douglas</a> wrote, that the women were merely trying to be "trendy, and to attract men."<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampo2005Spongberg1993-176">[176]</a> Some feminist activists believe that <a href="/wiki/Anti-feminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-feminist">anti-feminists</a> use the bra burning myth and the subject of going braless to trivialize what the protesters were trying to accomplish at the feminist 1968 <a href="/wiki/Miss_America_protest" title="Miss America protest">Miss America protest</a> and the feminist movement in general.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDow1999-178">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-burnbra-179">[179]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Trope_(philosophy)" title="Trope (philosophy)">trope</a> of feminists burning their bras was anticipated by an earlier generation of feminists who called for burning corsets as a step toward liberation. In 1873, American novelist <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart_Phelps_Ward" title="Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward">Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward</a> wrote: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">So burn up the corsets! ... No, nor do you save the whalebones, you will never need whalebones again. Make a bonfire of the cruel steels that have lorded it over your thorax and abdomens for so many years and heave a sigh of relief, for your emancipation I assure you, from this moment has begun.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhelps187379-180">[180]</a></blockquote> Some feminists began arguing in the 1960s and 1970s that the bra was an example of how women's clothing shaped and even deformed women's bodies to male expectations. In 1964, Professor <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Jardine" title="Lisa Jardine">Lisa Jardine</a> described her dinner with Australian writer and public intellectual <a href="/wiki/Germaine_Greer" title="Germaine Greer">Germaine Greer</a> during a formal college dinner in <a href="/wiki/Newnham_College,_Cambridge" title="Newnham College, Cambridge">Newnham College, Cambridge</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote">At the graduates' table, Germaine was explaining that there could be no liberation for women, no matter how highly educated, as long as we were required to cram our breasts into bras constructed like mini-Vesuviuses, two stitched white cantilevered cones which bore no resemblance to the female anatomy. The willingly suffered discomfort of the Sixties bra, she opined vigorously, was a hideous symbol of female oppression.<a href="#cite_note-dangermouth-181">[181]</a></blockquote> <a href="/wiki/Germaine_Greer" title="Germaine Greer">Germaine Greer</a>'s book <a href="/wiki/The_Female_Eunuch" title="The Female Eunuch">The Female Eunuch</a> (1970) became associated with the anti-bra movement because she pointed out how restrictive and uncomfortable a bra could be.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> "Bras are a ludicrous invention," she wrote, "but if you make bralessness a rule, you're just subjecting yourself to yet another repression."<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Brownmiller" title="Susan Brownmiller">Susan Brownmiller</a> in her book Femininity (1984) took the position that women without bras shock and anger men because men "implicitly think that they own breasts and that only they should remove bras."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung2005192-184">[184]</a> The feminist author <a href="/wiki/Iris_Marion_Young" title="Iris Marion Young">Iris Marion Young</a> wrote in 2005 that the bra "serves as a barrier to touch" and that a braless woman is "<a href="/wiki/Sexual_objectification" title="Sexual objectification">deobjectified</a>", eliminating the "hard, pointy look that phallic culture posits as the norm." Without a bra, in her view, women's breasts are not consistently shaped objects but change as the woman moves, reflecting the natural body.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung2005192-184">[184]</a> Other feminist anti-bra arguments from Young in 2005 include that <a href="/wiki/Training_bra" title="Training bra">training bras</a> are used to indoctrinate girls into thinking about their breasts as sexual objects and to accentuate their sexuality.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung2005192-184">[184]</a> Young also wrote in 2007 that, in American culture, breasts are subject to "[c]apitalist, <a href="/wiki/Patriarchy" title="Patriarchy">patriarchal</a> American media-dominated culture [that] objectifies breasts before such a distancing glance that freezes and masters."<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> The academic Wendy Burns-Ardolino wrote in 2007 that women's decision to wear bras is mediated by the "<a href="/wiki/Male_gaze" title="Male gaze">male gaze</a>".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBurns-Ardolino200730–32-186">[186]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Health">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fit">Fit</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Fit">edit</a>]</div> Some women experience generalized breast discomfort and tenderness from <a href="/wiki/Fibrocystic_breast_changes" title="Fibrocystic breast changes">fibrocystic breast changes</a>, and their breast tissue is often described as "lumpy", "rope-like", or "doughy".<a href="#cite_note-NEJM2005-187">[187]</a> Doctors often recommend that women wear a well-fitted, supportive bra to help resolve the symptoms.<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fer2019-189">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exercise">Exercise</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Exercise">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dreamland_Beach_2,_Bukit,_Bali,_Indonesia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Dreamland_Beach_2%2C_Bukit%2C_Bali%2C_Indonesia.jpg/220px-Dreamland_Beach_2%2C_Bukit%2C_Bali%2C_Indonesia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Dreamland_Beach_2%2C_Bukit%2C_Bali%2C_Indonesia.jpg/330px-Dreamland_Beach_2%2C_Bukit%2C_Bali%2C_Indonesia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Dreamland_Beach_2%2C_Bukit%2C_Bali%2C_Indonesia.jpg/440px-Dreamland_Beach_2%2C_Bukit%2C_Bali%2C_Indonesia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3625" data-file-height="2688" /></a><figcaption>Swimsuit sports bra</figcaption></figure> Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that, depending on the activity and the size of a woman's breast, when she walks or runs braless, her breasts may move up and down by 4 to 18 centimetres (1.6 to 7.1 in) or more, and also oscillate side to side.<a href="#cite_note-nhsuk-190">[190]</a> Researchers have also found that as women's breast size increased, they took part in less physical activity, especially vigorous exercise. Few very-large-breasted women jogged, for example. To avoid exercise-related discomfort and pain, medical experts suggest women wear a well-fitted <a href="/wiki/Sports_bra" title="Sports bra">sports bra</a> during activity.<a href="#cite_note-nhsuk-190">[190]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breast_sagging">Breast sagging</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Breast sagging">edit</a>]</div> Women sometimes wear bras because they mistakenly believe they prevent breasts from sagging (<a href="/wiki/Ptosis_(breasts)" title="Ptosis (breasts)">ptosis</a>) as they get older.<a href="#cite_note-burn-191">[191]</a> Physicians, lingerie retailers, teenagers, and adult women used to believe that bras were medically required to support breasts. In a 1952 article in Parents' Magazine, Frank H. Crowell erroneously reported that it was important for teen girls to begin wearing bras early. According to Crowell, this would prevent sagging breasts, stretched blood vessels, and poor circulation later on.<a href="#cite_note-brumberg-192">[192]</a> This belief was based on the false idea that breasts cannot anatomically support themselves.<a href="#cite_note-burn-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-007b_Breast-193">[193]</a> A 2013 study by Jean-Denis Rouillon said that wearing a bra may actually weaken supportive tissue.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> Bra manufacturers are careful to claim that bras only affect the shape of breasts while they are being worn.<a href="#cite_note-007b_Breast-193">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-cawthorne-195">[195]</a> The key factors influencing breast <a href="/wiki/Ptosis_(breasts)" title="Ptosis (breasts)">ptosis</a> over a woman's lifetime are <a href="/wiki/Cigarette" title="Cigarette">cigarette</a> smoking, her <a href="/wiki/Gravidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravidity">number of pregnancies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a>, higher <a href="/wiki/Body_mass_index" title="Body mass index">body mass index</a>, larger bra cup size, and significant weight gain and loss.<a href="#cite_note-thompson-196">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-197">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/40px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/60px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/120px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="490" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Fashion" title="Portal:Fashion">Fashion portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bustier" title="Bustier">Bustier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_(clothing)" title="Basque (clothing)">Basque (clothing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handbra" title="Handbra">Handbra</a>, covering the breasts with one's hands</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_bra" title="Male bra">Male bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasties" title="Pasties">Pasties</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> Notes <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1">"Empire Corset". 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Awakening Beauty: An Illustrated Look at Mankind's Love and Hatred of Beauty (Illustrated ed.). Virtual Bookworm Publishing. pp. 31, 130–131. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58939-378-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58939-378-3"><bdi>978-1-58939-378-3</bdi></a>. 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New York Magazine. Vol. 16, no. 49. pp. 26–30. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-7369">0028-7369</a>. 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Express.co.uk. 25 April 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Express.co.uk&rft.atitle=Julia+Roberts%27+Erin+Brockovich+lingerie+up+for+sale&rft.date=2014-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.express.co.uk%2Fcelebrity-news%2F472335%2FJulia-Roberts-Erin-Brockovich-lingerie-up-for-sale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau200273-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau200273_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau200273_47-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFFarrell-BeckGau2002">Farrell-Beck & Gau 2002</a>, p. 73. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002Steele201073-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002Steele201073_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFarrell-BeckGau2002">Farrell-Beck & Gau 2002</a>; <a href="#CITEREFSteele2010">Steele 2010</a>, p. 73. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002Steele201056,_81-49"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFarrell-BeckGau2002Steele201056,_81_49-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFarrell-BeckGau2002">Farrell-Beck & Gau 2002</a>; <a href="#CITEREFSteele2010">Steele 2010</a>, p. 56, 81. </li> <li id="cite_note-Up144-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Up144_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Up144_50-1">b</a> Jane Farrell-Beck and Colleen Gau, Uplift: The Bra in America, page 144, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812218350" title="Special:BookSources/9780812218350">9780812218350</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> Aleesha Harris, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pressreader.com/canada/montreal-gazette/20170128/281981787309739">The Fit Fight</a>, Press Reader, 2017-01-28 </li> <li id="cite_note-CHarr-52">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CHarr_52-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CHarr_52-1">b</a> Cora Harrington, In Intimate Detail: How to Choose, Wear, and Love Lingerie, page 64, Rodale, 2018, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399580642" title="Special:BookSources/9780399580642">9780399580642</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> Kathryn Kemp-Griffin, Paris Undressed: The Secrets of French Lingerie, page 34, Atlantic Books, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781952535901" title="Special:BookSources/9781952535901">9781952535901</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> Jene Luciani (2013). The Bra Book, page 34, BenBella Books Inc., 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6">978-1-933771-94-6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> Jane Farrell-Beck and Colleen Gau, Uplift: The Bra in America, page 141, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812218350" title="Special:BookSources/9780812218350">9780812218350</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-SStall-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SStall_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SStall_56-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SStall_56-2">c</a> Sam Stall, Lou Harry and Julia Spalding, The Encyclopedia of Guilty Pleasures, page 308, Quirk Books, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781931686549" title="Special:BookSources/9781931686549">9781931686549</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> Jane Farrell-Beck and Colleen Gau, Uplift: The Bra in America, page 167, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812218350" title="Special:BookSources/9780812218350">9780812218350</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> Jene Luciani (2013). The Bra Book, page 35, BenBella Books Inc., 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6">978-1-933771-94-6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bizjournals.com/triad/stories/2006/02/06/daily11.html">"Sara Lee sells European branded apparel business"</a>. The Business Journal of the Greater Triad Area. 6 February 2006. Retrieved 24 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Business+Journal+of+the+Greater+Triad+Area&rft.atitle=Sara+Lee+sells+European+branded+apparel+business&rft.date=2006-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Ftriad%2Fstories%2F2006%2F02%2F06%2Fdaily11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013182504/http://suncappart.com/index.php?page=pressreleases2&press=92">"Sun Capital Partners Press Release"</a>. Sun Capital Partners. 7 February 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.suncappart.com/index.php?page=pressreleases2&press=92">the original</a> on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 25 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sun+Capital+Partners+Press+Release&rft.date=2006-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.suncappart.com%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Dpressreleases2%26press%3D92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> Marcelo M. Soares and Francesco Rebelo, Advances in Usability Evaluation, page 621, CRC Press, 2012, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439870242" title="Special:BookSources/9781439870242">9781439870242</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20150220-the-bra-an-uplifting-tale">"The bra: An uplifting tale"</a>. www.bbc.com. Retrieved 6 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.com&rft.atitle=The+bra%3A+An+uplifting+tale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fculture%2Farticle%2F20150220-the-bra-an-uplifting-tale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReporter2014" class="citation web cs1">Reporter, Standard (21 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/eva-herzigova-wonderbra-ad-empowered-women-9875267.html">"Eva Herzigova: Wonderbra ad empowered women"</a>. Evening Standard. Retrieved 6 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=Eva+Herzigova%3A+Wonderbra+ad+empowered+women&rft.date=2014-11-21&rft.aulast=Reporter&rft.aufirst=Standard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feva-herzigova-wonderbra-ad-empowered-women-9875267.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WONDERBRA-64"><a href="#cite_ref-WONDERBRA_64-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wonderbra.co.za/nationalcleavageday.aspx">National Cleavage Day</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20070406222144/http://www.wonderbra.co.za/nationalcleavageday.aspx">Archived</a> 6 April 2007 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> Wonderbra.co.za </li> <li id="cite_note-IOLTSDJFYC-65"><a href="#cite_ref-IOLTSDJFYC_65-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=13&art_id=ct20020404112258488C41228">There's a special day just for your cleavage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090407082434/http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?set_id=1&click_id=13&art_id=ct20020404112258488C41228">Archived</a> 7 April 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Independent Online </li> <li id="cite_note-Pelling-66"><a href="#cite_ref-Pelling_66-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPelling" class="citation web cs1">Pelling, Rowan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200822192605/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG10357764/100-years-of-the-bra-a-girls-best-friend.html">"100 years of the bra - a girl's best friend"</a>. The Daily Telegraph. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG10357764/100-years-of-the-bra-a-girls-best-friend.html">the original</a> on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=100+years+of+the+bra+-+a+girl%27s+best+friend&rft.pub=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.aulast=Pelling&rft.aufirst=Rowan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffashion.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews-features%2FTMG10357764%2F100-years-of-the-bra-a-girls-best-friend.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Krueger-67">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Krueger_67-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Krueger_67-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vogue.in/fashion/content/bra-history-origin-victorias-secret-marilyn-monroe-vogue-encyclopaedia">"Vogue's fashion encyclopaedia: The history of the bra"</a>. Vogue India. 22 August 2019. Retrieved 6 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vogue+India&rft.atitle=Vogue%27s+fashion+encyclopaedia%3A+The+history+of+the+bra&rft.date=2019-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vogue.in%2Ffashion%2Fcontent%2Fbra-history-origin-victorias-secret-marilyn-monroe-vogue-encyclopaedia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> Daniel Delis Hill, As Seen in Vogue: A Century of American Fashion in Advertising, page 153, Texas Tech University Press, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780896726161" title="Special:BookSources/9780896726161">9780896726161</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> Jene Luciani (2013). The Bra Book, page 183, BenBella Books Inc., 2009, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6">978-1-933771-94-6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Goo-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Goo_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goo_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goo_70-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goo_70-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Goo_70-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKehaulani2004" class="citation news cs1">Kehaulani, Sara (10 December 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2004/12/10/AR2005033112495_pf.html">"Functional Fashion Helps Some Through Airport Checkpoints"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. p. 2. Retrieved 24 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Functional+Fashion+Helps+Some+Through+Airport+Checkpoints&rft.pages=2&rft.date=2004-12-10&rft.aulast=Kehaulani&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2004%2F12%2F10%2FAR2005033112495_pf.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-madaras-71"><a href="#cite_ref-madaras_71-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMadaras2007" class="citation book cs1">Madaras, Lynda (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qdybSBoC4_0C&q=underwire&pg=PA49">The "what's happening to my body?" book for girls</a> (Third ed.). <a href="/wiki/Newmarket_Press" title="Newmarket Press">Newmarket Press</a>. pp. 48–50. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55704-764-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55704-764-9"><bdi>978-1-55704-764-9</bdi></a>. Retrieved 21 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+%22what%27s+happening+to+my+body%3F%22+book+for+girls&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E48-%3C%2Fspan%3E50&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Newmarket+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-55704-764-9&rft.aulast=Madaras&rft.aufirst=Lynda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqdybSBoC4_0C%26q%3Dunderwire%26pg%3DPA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Bonnie August and Ellen Count, Looking Thin, page 63, Rawson Associates, 1982, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780892562220" title="Special:BookSources/9780892562220">9780892562220</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTait2000" class="citation web cs1">Tait, Niki (25 October 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200425080842/https://www.just-style.com/analysis/charnos-takes-the-plunge-with-a-brand-new-bra_id92918.aspx">"Charnos takes the plunge with a brand new bra"</a>. UK: Aroq Ltd. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.just-style.com/article.aspx?id=92918">the original</a> on 25 April 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Charnos+takes+the+plunge+with+a+brand+new+bra&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=Aroq+Ltd&rft.date=2000-10-25&rft.aulast=Tait&rft.aufirst=Niki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.just-style.com%2Farticle.aspx%3Fid%3D92918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_ref_duplicates_default" title="Category:CS1 maint: ref duplicates default">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/tm_objectid=16236813&method=full&siteid=66633&headline=boom-in-bras-as-women-go-busty-name_page.html">"Boom in Bras as Women Go Busty"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Daily_Record_(Scotland)" title="Daily Record (Scotland)">Daily Record</a>. 12 October 2005. Retrieved 22 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Boom+in+Bras+as+Women+Go+Busty&rft.date=2005-10-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailyrecord.co.uk%2Fnews%2Ftm_objectid%3D16236813%26method%3Dfull%26siteid%3D66633%26headline%3Dboom-in-bras-as-women-go-busty-name_page.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mintel-75"><a href="#cite_ref-Mintel_75-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reports.mintel.com/sinatra/reports/display/id=125741">"Lingerie – UK – September 2005 – Market Research Report"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mintel" title="Mintel">Mintel</a>. September 2005. 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The New England Journal of Medicine. 353 (3): 275–85. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMra035692">10.1056/NEJMra035692</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16034013">16034013</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:438770">438770</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=Benign+breast+disorders.&rft.volume=353&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E275-%3C%2Fspan%3E85&rft.date=2005-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A438770%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16034013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1056%2FNEJMra035692&rft.aulast=Santen&rft.aufirst=RJ&rft.au=Mansel%2C+R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/fibrosis-and-simple-cysts-in-the-breast.html">"Fibrosis and Simple Cysts in the Breast | American Cancer Society"</a>. www.cancer.org. 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Annals of Plastic Surgery. 64 (5): 579–584. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2FSAP.0b013e3181c39377">10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181c39377</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1536-3708">1536-3708</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20354434">20354434</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:8953778">8953778</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+Plastic+Surgery&rft.atitle=Breast+ptosis%3A+causes+and+cure&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E579-%3C%2Fspan%3E584&rft.date=2010-05&rft.issn=1536-3708&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A8953778%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20354434&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1097%2FSAP.0b013e3181c39377&rft.aulast=Rinker&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Veneracion%2C+Melissa&rft.au=Walsh%2C+Catherine+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> Bibliography <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFActonAdamsPacker2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Lyon-Dalberg-Acton,_5th_Baron_Acton" title="John Lyon-Dalberg-Acton, 5th Baron Acton">Acton, Johnny</a>; Adams, Tania; Packer, Matt (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/originofeveryday0000acto">Origin of Everyday Things</a>. New York: Sterling Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4027-4302-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4027-4302-3"><bdi>978-1-4027-4302-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origin+of+Everyday+Things&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-4027-4302-3&rft.aulast=Acton&rft.aufirst=Johnny&rft.au=Adams%2C+Tania&rft.au=Packer%2C+Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foriginofeveryday0000acto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFApsan2006" class="citation book cs1">Apsan, Rebecca (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lingeriehandbook00rebe">The Lingerie Handbook</a>. New York: Workman Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7611-4323-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7611-4323-9"><bdi>978-0-7611-4323-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Lingerie+Handbook&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Workman+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7611-4323-9&rft.aulast=Apsan&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flingeriehandbook00rebe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurns-Ardolino2007" class="citation book cs1">Burns-Ardolino, Wendy (2007). Jiggle: (Re)Shaping American Women. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-1299-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-1299-1"><bdi>978-0-7391-1299-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jiggle%3A+%28Re%29Shaping+American+Women&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7391-1299-1&rft.aulast=Burns-Ardolino&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2010" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, W. Joseph (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gettingitwrongte0000camp">Getting It Wrong: Ten of the Greatest Misreported Stories in American Journalism</a>. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-26209-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-26209-6"><bdi>978-0-520-26209-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Getting+It+Wrong%3A+Ten+of+the+Greatest+Misreported+Stories+in+American+Journalism&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-520-26209-6&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=W.+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgettingitwrongte0000camp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCampo2005" class="citation journal cs1">Campo, Natasha (2005). "'Having It All' or 'Had Enough'? Blaming Feminism in the Age and the Sydney Morning Herald, 1980–2004". Journal of Australian Studies. 28 (84): 63–72. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14443050509387992">10.1080/14443050509387992</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1835-6419">1835-6419</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145446215">145446215</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Australian+Studies&rft.atitle=%27Having+It+All%27+or+%27Had+Enough%27%3F+Blaming+Feminism+in+the+Age+and+the+Sydney+Morning+Herald%2C+1980%E2%80%932004&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=84&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E63-%3C%2Fspan%3E72&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145446215%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1835-6419&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14443050509387992&rft.aulast=Campo&rft.aufirst=Natasha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChenLaBatBye2010" class="citation journal cs1">Chen, Chin-Man; LaBat, Karen; Bye, Elizabeth (2010). "Physical Characteristics Related to Bra Fit". Ergonomics. 53 (4): 514–24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00140130903490684">10.1080/00140130903490684</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20309747">20309747</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:11425741">11425741</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ergonomics&rft.atitle=Physical+Characteristics+Related+to+Bra+Fit&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E514-%3C%2Fspan%3E24&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A11425741%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20309747&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00140130903490684&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Chin-Man&rft.au=LaBat%2C+Karen&rft.au=Bye%2C+Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCollins2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gail_Collins" title="Gail Collins">Collins, Gail</a> (2003). America's Women: Four Hundred Years of Dolls, Drudges, Helpmates, and Heroines. New York: HarperCollins.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=America%27s+Women%3A+Four+Hundred+Years+of+Dolls%2C+Drudges%2C+Helpmates%2C+and+Heroines&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Gail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDow1999" class="citation journal cs1">Dow, Bonnie J. (1999). "Spectacle, Spectatorship, and Gender Anxiety in Television News Coverage of the 1970 Women's Strike for Equality". Communication Studies. 50 (2): 143–157. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10510979909388481">10.1080/10510979909388481</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1745-1035">1745-1035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Communication+Studies&rft.atitle=Spectacle%2C+Spectatorship%2C+and+Gender+Anxiety+in+Television+News+Coverage+of+the+1970+Women%27s+Strike+for+Equality&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E143-%3C%2Fspan%3E157&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10510979909388481&rft.issn=1745-1035&rft.aulast=Dow&rft.aufirst=Bonnie+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDow2003" class="citation journal cs1">Dow, Bonnie J. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.public.asu.edu/~kleong/missamericacommodificationfeminist.pdf">"Feminism, Miss America, and Media Mythology"</a> (PDF). Rhetoric & Public Affairs. 6 (1): 127–149. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Frap.2003.0028">10.1353/rap.2003.0028</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1094-8392">1094-8392</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41939812">41939812</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143094250">143094250</a>. Retrieved 16 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rhetoric+%26+Public+Affairs&rft.atitle=Feminism%2C+Miss+America%2C+and+Media+Mythology&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E127-%3C%2Fspan%3E149&rft.date=2003&rft.issn=1094-8392&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143094250%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41939812%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Frap.2003.0028&rft.aulast=Dow&rft.aufirst=Bonnie+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.public.asu.edu%2F~kleong%2Fmissamericacommodificationfeminist.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarrell-BeckGau2002" class="citation book cs1">Farrell-Beck, Jane; Gau, Colleen (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/upliftbrainameri00farr">Uplift: The Bra in America</a>. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-3643-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8122-3643-9"><bdi>978-0-8122-3643-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uplift%3A+The+Bra+in+America&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8122-3643-9&rft.aulast=Farrell-Beck&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.au=Gau%2C+Colleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fupliftbrainameri00farr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJenkins2005" class="citation book cs1">Jenkins, Simon P. R. (2005). Sports Science Handbook: The Essential Guide to Kinesiology, Sport and Exercise Science. Vol. 1. Multi-Science Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-906522-36-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-906522-36-3"><bdi>978-0-906522-36-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sports+Science+Handbook%3A+The+Essential+Guide+to+Kinesiology%2C+Sport+and+Exercise+Science&rft.pub=Multi-Science+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-906522-36-3&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Simon+P.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKornblum2011" class="citation book cs1">Kornblum, William (2011). Sociology in a Changing World (9th ed.). Belmont, California: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-111-30157-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-111-30157-6"><bdi>978-1-111-30157-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sociology+in+a+Changing+World&rft.place=Belmont%2C+California&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=Wadsworth+Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-111-30157-6&rft.aulast=Kornblum&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeoty1893" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Leoty, Ernest (1893). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/fr:Le_Corset_%C3%A0_travers_les_%C3%A2ges">Le Corset à travers les âges </a> [The Corset Through the Ages] (in French). Paris: Paul Ollendorf – via Wikisource.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Corset+%C3%A0+travers+les+%C3%A2ges&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Paul+Ollendorf&rft.date=1893&rft.aulast=Leoty&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLuciani2009" class="citation book cs1">Luciani, Jene (2009). The Bra Book: The Fashion Formula to Finding the Perfect Bra. Dallas, Texas: BenBella Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933771-94-6"><bdi>978-1-933771-94-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bra+Book%3A+The+Fashion+Formula+to+Finding+the+Perfect+Bra&rft.place=Dallas%2C+Texas&rft.pub=BenBella+Books&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-933771-94-6&rft.aulast=Luciani&rft.aufirst=Jene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcGheeSteele2006" class="citation journal cs1">McGhee, D. E.; Steele, J. R. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2577461">"How Do Respiratory State and Measurement Method Affect Bra Size Calculations?"</a>. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 40 (12): 970–974. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbjsm.2005.025171">10.1136/bjsm.2005.025171</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2577461">2577461</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17021004">17021004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Sports+Medicine&rft.atitle=How+Do+Respiratory+State+and+Measurement+Method+Affect+Bra+Size+Calculations%3F&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E970-%3C%2Fspan%3E974&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2577461%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17021004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbjsm.2005.025171&rft.aulast=McGhee&rft.aufirst=D.+E.&rft.au=Steele%2C+J.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2577461&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcGheeSteele2010" class="citation journal cs1">McGhee, Deirdre E.; Steele, Julie R. (2010). "Optimising Breast Support in Female Patients Through Correct Bra Fit: A Cross-Sectional Study". Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 13 (6): 568–572. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jsams.2010.03.003">10.1016/j.jsams.2010.03.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20451452">20451452</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Science+and+Medicine+in+Sport&rft.atitle=Optimising+Breast+Support+in+Female+Patients+Through+Correct+Bra+Fit%3A+A+Cross-Sectional+Study&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E568-%3C%2Fspan%3E572&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jsams.2010.03.003&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20451452&rft.aulast=McGhee&rft.aufirst=Deirdre+E.&rft.au=Steele%2C+Julie+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPhelps1873" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Stuart_Phelps_Ward" title="Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward">Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart</a> (1873). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whattowear01phelgoog">What to Wear?</a>. Boston, Massachusetts: James R. Osgood and Company. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/09022399">09022399</a>. Retrieved 25 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+to+Wear%3F&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=James+R.+Osgood+and+Company&rft.date=1873&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F09022399&rft.aulast=Phelps&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhattowear01phelgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScott2010" class="citation book cs1">Scott, Lesley (2010). Lingerie: A Modern Guide. London: Quantum Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7858-2672-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7858-2672-9"><bdi>978-0-7858-2672-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lingerie%3A+A+Modern+Guide&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Quantum+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7858-2672-9&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Lesley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSischo2008" class="citation book cs1">Sischo, Lacey (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-1696">Women's Experiences with Breast Augmentation and Reconstruction: Bodies, Emotions, and the Self</a> (PhD dissertation). Tallahassee, Florida: Florida State University. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-549-94998-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-549-94998-5"><bdi>978-0-549-94998-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved 24 August 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women%27s+Experiences+with+Breast+Augmentation+and+Reconstruction%3A+Bodies%2C+Emotions%2C+and+the+Self&rft.place=Tallahassee%2C+Florida&rft.pub=Florida+State+University&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-549-94998-5&rft.aulast=Sischo&rft.aufirst=Lacey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.flvc.org%2Ffsu%2Ffd%2FFSU_migr_etd-1696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSpongberg1993" class="citation journal cs1">Spongberg, Mary (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09612029300200036">"If She's So Great, How Come So Many Pigs Dig Her? Germaine Greer and the Malestream Press"</a>. Women's History Review. 2 (3): 407–419. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09612029300200036">10.1080/09612029300200036</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1747-583X">1747-583X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women%27s+History+Review&rft.atitle=If+She%27s+So+Great%2C+How+Come+So+Many+Pigs+Dig+Her%3F+Germaine+Greer+and+the+Malestream+Press&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E407-%3C%2Fspan%3E419&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09612029300200036&rft.issn=1747-583X&rft.aulast=Spongberg&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F09612029300200036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSteele2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Steele" title="Valerie Steele">Steele, Valerie</a> (2010). The Berg Companion to Fashion. Oxford: Berg Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84788-592-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84788-592-0"><bdi>978-1-84788-592-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Berg+Companion+to+Fashion&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Berg+Publishers&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84788-592-0&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWoodCameronFitzgerald2008" class="citation journal cs1">Wood, Katherine; Cameron, Melainie; Fitzgerald, Kylie (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2275741">"Breast Size, Bra Fit and Thoracic Pain in Young Women: A Correlational Study"</a>. Chiropractic & Osteopathy. 16: 1. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1746-1340-16-1">10.1186/1746-1340-16-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2275741">2275741</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18339205">18339205</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chiropractic+%26+Osteopathy&rft.atitle=Breast+Size%2C+Bra+Fit+and+Thoracic+Pain+in+Young+Women%3A+A+Correlational+Study&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=1&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2275741%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18339205&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F1746-1340-16-1&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft.au=Cameron%2C+Melainie&rft.au=Fitzgerald%2C+Kylie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2275741&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYoung2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Iris_Marion_Young" title="Iris Marion Young">Young, Iris Marion</a> (2005). On Female Body Experience: "Throwing Like a Girl" and Other Essays. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2F0195161920.001.0001">10.1093/0195161920.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-516192-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-516192-2"><bdi>978-0-19-516192-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Female+Body+Experience%3A+%22Throwing+Like+a+Girl%22+and+Other+Essays&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2F0195161920.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-516192-2&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Iris+Marion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> Further reading <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316" /><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1">Casselman, Anne (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovermagazine.com/2005/nov/physics-of-bras">"The Physics of Bras"</a>. Discover. Vol. 26, no. 11. Chicago. pp. 18–19. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0274-7529">0274-7529</a>. Retrieved 27 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Discover&rft.atitle=The+Physics+of+Bras&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E18-%3C%2Fspan%3E19&rft.date=2005&rft.issn=0274-7529&rft.aulast=Casselman&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovermagazine.com%2F2005%2Fnov%2Fphysics-of-bras&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Eisenberg, Ted; Eisenberg, Joyne K. (2012). The Scoop on Breasts: A Plastic Surgeon Busts the Myths. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Incompra Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9857249-0-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9857249-0-0"><bdi>978-0-9857249-0-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Scoop+on+Breasts%3A+A+Plastic+Surgeon+Busts+the+Myths&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pub=Incompra+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-9857249-0-0&rft.aulast=Eisenberg&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.au=Eisenberg%2C+Joyne+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Ewing, Elizabeth (1971). Fashion in Underwear. London: Batsford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-0857-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-0857-7"><bdi>978-0-7134-0857-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fashion+in+Underwear&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=978-0-7134-0857-7&rft.aulast=Ewing&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1">Freeman, Susan K. (2004). "In Style: Femininity and Fashion Since the Victorian Era". Journal of Women's History. 16 (4): 191–206. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjowh.2004.0081">10.1353/jowh.2004.0081</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1527-2036">1527-2036</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145072148">145072148</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Women%27s+History&rft.atitle=In+Style%3A+Femininity+and+Fashion+Since+the+Victorian+Era&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E191-%3C%2Fspan%3E206&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145072148%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1527-2036&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fjowh.2004.0081&rft.aulast=Freeman&rft.aufirst=Susan+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7136248.stm">"'Intelligent Bra' Battles Bounce"</a>. BBC News. 10 December 2007. Retrieved 27 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%27Intelligent+Bra%27+Battles+Bounce&rft.date=2007-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fhealth%2F7136248.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Susan_Love" title="Susan Love">Love, Susan M.</a>; Lindsey, Karen (2000). Dr. Susan Love's Breast Book (3rd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Perseus Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7382-0235-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7382-0235-8"><bdi>978-0-7382-0235-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dr.+Susan+Love%27s+Breast+Book&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Perseus+Publishing&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7382-0235-8&rft.aulast=Love&rft.aufirst=Susan+M.&rft.au=Lindsey%2C+Karen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Pedersen, Stephanie (2004). Bra: A Thousand Years of Style, Support and Seduction. Newton Abbot, England: David & Charles. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7153-2067-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7153-2067-9"><bdi>978-0-7153-2067-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bra%3A+A+Thousand+Years+of+Style%2C+Support+and+Seduction&rft.place=Newton+Abbot%2C+England&rft.pub=David+%26+Charles&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7153-2067-9&rft.aulast=Pedersen&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1">Seigel, Jessica (13 February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/13/opinion/the-cups-runneth-over.html">"The Cups Runneth Over"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved 27 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Cups+Runneth+Over&rft.date=2004-02-13&rft.aulast=Seigel&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F02%2F13%2Fopinion%2Fthe-cups-runneth-over.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Steele" title="Valerie Steele">Steele, Valerie</a> (1998). "Le Corset: A Material Culture Analysis of a Deluxe French Book". The Yale Journal of Criticism. 11 (1): 29–38. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fyale.1998.0023">10.1353/yale.1998.0023</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1080-6636">1080-6636</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161904223">161904223</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Yale+Journal+of+Criticism&rft.atitle=Le+Corset%3A+A+Material+Culture+Analysis+of+a+Deluxe+French+Book&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E29-%3C%2Fspan%3E38&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161904223%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1080-6636&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fyale.1998.0023&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Steele" title="Valerie Steele">Steele, Valerie</a> (2001). The Corset: A Cultural History. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09953-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09953-9"><bdi>978-0-300-09953-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Corset%3A+A+Cultural+History&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-300-09953-9&rft.aulast=Steele&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Stoppard" title="Miriam Stoppard">Stoppard, Miriam</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/breastbook00stop">The Breast Book: The Essential Guide to Breast Care & Breast Health for Women of All Ages</a>. New York: DK Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7894-0420-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7894-0420-6"><bdi>978-0-7894-0420-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Breast+Book%3A+The+Essential+Guide+to+Breast+Care+%26+Breast+Health+for+Women+of+All+Ages&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=DK+Publishing&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-7894-0420-6&rft.aulast=Stoppard&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbreastbook00stop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Summers, Leigh (2001). Bound to Please: A History of the Victorian Corset. Oxford: Berg. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85973-510-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85973-510-7"><bdi>978-1-85973-510-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bound+to+Please%3A+A+History+of+the+Victorian+Corset&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Berg&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-85973-510-7&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=Leigh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Warner, Lucien T. (1948). Always Starting Things: Through 75 Eventful Years. Bridgeport, Connecticut: Warner Brothers. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/7054524">7054524</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Always+Starting+Things%3A+Through+75+Eventful+Years&rft.place=Bridgeport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Warner+Brothers&rft.date=1948&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F7054524&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=Lucien+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">Yu, W.; Fan, J.; Harlock, S. C.; Ng, S. P. (2006). Innovation and Technology of Women's Intimate Apparel. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-9105-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-9105-7"><bdi>978-0-8493-9105-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Innovation+and+Technology+of+Women%27s+Intimate+Apparel&rft.place=Boca+Raton%2C+Florida&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8493-9105-7&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=W.&rft.au=Fan%2C+J.&rft.au=Harlock%2C+S.+C.&rft.au=Ng%2C+S.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABra" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox 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data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brassieres" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Brassieres">Brassieres</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US24033">US PAT No. 2,433</a>—1859 Combined breast pads and arm-pit shield</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US844242">US PAT No. 844,242</a>—1907 Bust supporter</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US1115674">US PAT No. 1,115,674</a>—1914 <a href="/wiki/Caresse_Crosby" title="Caresse Crosby">Mary Phelps Jacob's</a> Brassiere</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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technology">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_terminology" title="Clothing terminology">Terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Headgear" title="Headgear">Headwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beret" title="Beret">Beret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap" title="Cap">Cap</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_cap" title="Baseball cap">baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_cap" title="Flat cap">flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knit_cap" title="Knit cap">knit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown" title="Crown">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hat" title="Hat">Hat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boater" title="Boater">boater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowler_hat" title="Bowler hat">bowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedora" title="Fedora">fedora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homburg_hat" title="Homburg hat">homburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_hat" title="Top hat">top</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet" title="Helmet">Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_(headgear)" title="Hood (headgear)">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerchief" title="Kerchief">Kerchief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mask" title="Mask">Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turban" title="Turban">Turban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veil" title="Veil">Veil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neckwear" class="mw-redirect" title="Neckwear">Neckwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)" title="Bands (neckwear)">Bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choker" title="Choker">Choker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_(clothing)" title="Collar (clothing)">Collar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_collar" title="Clerical collar">Clerical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pussy_bow" title="Pussy bow">Lavallière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neckerchief" title="Neckerchief">Neckerchief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neck_gaiter" title="Neck gaiter">Neck gaiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necktie" title="Necktie">Necktie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascot_tie" title="Ascot tie">ascot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolo_tie" title="Bolo tie">bolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_tie" title="Bow tie">bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipper_tie" title="Kipper tie">kipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_tie" title="School tie">school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_tie" title="Stock tie">stock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarf" title="Scarf">Scarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tippet" title="Tippet">Tippet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Underwear" title="Underwear">Underwear</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lingerie" title="Lingerie">lingerie</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camisole" title="Camisole">Camisole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undershirt" title="Undershirt">Undershirt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bottom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diaper" title="Diaper">Diaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_pants" title="Training pants">Training pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leggings" title="Leggings">Leggings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panties" title="Panties">Panties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_pants" title="Plastic pants">Plastic pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(clothing)" title="Slip (clothing)">Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thong" title="Thong">Thong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underpants" title="Underpants">Underpants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_briefs" title="Boxer briefs">boxer briefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_shorts" title="Boxer shorts">boxer shorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briefs" title="Briefs">briefs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodysuit" title="Bodysuit">Bodysuit, adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_bodysuit" title="Infant bodysuit">Bodysuit, infant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_underwear" title="Long underwear">Long underwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/See-through_clothing" title="See-through clothing">See-through</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_(garment)" title="Teddy (garment)">Teddy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Top_(clothing)" title="Top (clothing)">Tops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blouse" title="Blouse">Blouse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cache-c%C5%93ur" title="Cache-cœur">cache-cœur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crop_top" title="Crop top">crop top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halterneck" title="Halterneck">halterneck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tube_top" title="Tube top">tube top</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_jersey" title="Cycling jersey">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurta" title="Kurta">Kurta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(clothing)" title="Mantle (clothing)">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirt" title="Shirt">Shirt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_shirt" title="Dress shirt">dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henley_shirt" title="Henley shirt">Henley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_shirt" title="Polo shirt">polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeveless_shirt" title="Sleeveless shirt">sleeveless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-shirt" title="T-shirt">T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew_neck" title="Crew neck">crew neck</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweater" title="Sweater">Sweater</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardigan_(sweater)" title="Cardigan (sweater)">cardigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guernsey_(clothing)" title="Guernsey (clothing)">guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoodie" title="Hoodie">hoodie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jersey (clothing)">jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_neck" title="Polo neck">polo neck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrug_(clothing)" title="Shrug (clothing)">shrug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweater_vest" title="Sweater vest">sweater vest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twinset" title="Twinset">twinset</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waistcoat" title="Waistcoat">Waistcoat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bottoms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trousers" title="Trousers">Trousers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell-bottoms" title="Bell-bottoms">Bell-bottoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bondage_pants" title="Bondage pants">Bondage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capri_pants" title="Capri pants">Capri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_pants" title="Cargo pants">Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaps" title="Chaps">Chaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formal_trousers" title="Formal trousers">Formal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-to-hell_pants" title="Go-to-hell pants">Go-to-hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-rise_(fashion)" title="High-rise (fashion)">High water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-rise_(fashion)" title="Low-rise (fashion)">Lowrise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeans" title="Jeans">Jeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodhpurs" title="Jodhpurs">Jodhpurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overalls" title="Overalls">Overalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_pants" title="Palazzo pants">Palazzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parachute_pants" title="Parachute pants">Parachute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedal_pushers" title="Pedal pushers">Pedal pushers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phat_pants" title="Phat pants">Phat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorts" title="Shorts">Shorts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_shorts" title="Bermuda shorts">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_shorts" title="Cycling shorts">cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphin_shorts" title="Dolphin shorts">dolphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gym_shorts" title="Gym shorts">gym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotpants" title="Hotpants">hotpants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running_shorts" title="Running shorts">running</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slim-fit_pants" title="Slim-fit pants">Slim-fit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweatpants" title="Sweatpants">Sweatpants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windpants" class="mw-redirect" title="Windpants">Windpants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_pants" title="Yoga pants">Yoga pants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Skirt" title="Skirt">Skirts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-line_(clothing)" title="A-line (clothing)">A-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballerina_skirt" title="Ballerina skirt">Ballerina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denim_skirt" title="Denim skirt">Denim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_skirts" title="Men's skirts">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniskirt" title="Miniskirt">Miniskirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencil_skirt" title="Pencil skirt">Pencil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_skirt" class="mw-redirect" title="Prairie skirt">Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rah-rah_skirt" title="Rah-rah skirt">Rah-rah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarong" title="Sarong">Sarong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skort" title="Skort">Skort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutu_(clothing)" title="Tutu (clothing)">Tutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrap_(clothing)" title="Wrap (clothing)">Wrap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full-Body Wear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suit" title="Suit">Suits</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uniform" title="Uniform">uniforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_dress" title="Ceremonial dress">Ceremonial dress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_dress" title="Academic dress">academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_dress" title="Court dress">court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform" title="Diplomatic uniform">diplomatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_costume" title="Folk costume">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodhpuri" title="Jodhpuri">Jodhpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumpsuit" title="Jumpsuit">Jumpsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_uniform" title="Military uniform">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Full_dress_uniform" title="Full dress uniform">full</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform" title="Mess dress uniform">mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_dress_uniform" title="Service dress uniform">service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sailor_suit" title="Sailor suit">sailor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_uniform" title="Combat uniform">combat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miner%27s_habit" title="Miner's habit">Miner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantsuit" title="Pantsuit">Pantsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_uniform" title="Political uniform">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_clothing" title="Religious clothing">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock">cassock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_clothing" title="Clerical clothing">clerical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_uniform" title="School uniform">School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_uniform" title="Prison uniform">Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workwear" title="Workwear">Workwear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boilersuit" title="Boilersuit">boilersuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanroom_suit" title="Cleanroom suit">cleanroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazmat_suit" title="Hazmat suit">hazmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_suit" title="Space suit">space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrubs_(clothing)" title="Scrubs (clothing)">scrubs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dress" title="Dress">Dresses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gown" title="Gown">gowns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formal, semi- formal, informal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backless_dress" title="Backless dress">Backless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouffant_gown" title="Bouffant gown">Bouffant gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coatdress" title="Coatdress">Coatdress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_dress" title="Cocktail dress">Cocktail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_black_dress" title="Little black dress">little black</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">Evening</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_gown" title="Ball gown">ball gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debutante_dress" title="Debutante dress">debutante</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plain_dress" title="Plain dress">Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_dress" title="Prairie dress">Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_line" title="Princess line">Princess line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strapless_dress" title="Strapless dress">Strapless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_dress" title="Wedding dress">Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrap_dress" title="Wrap dress">Wrap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Casual</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_dress" title="House dress">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumper_(dress)" title="Jumper (dress)">Jumper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romper_suit" title="Romper suit">Romper suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheath_dress" title="Sheath dress">Sheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirtdress" title="Shirtdress">Shirtdress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_dress" title="Slip dress">Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundress" title="Sundress">Sundress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coat" title="Coat">Coats</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_outerwear" title="List of outerwear">outerwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Overcoats23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overcoat" title="Overcoat">Overcoats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Car_coat" title="Car coat">Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesterfield_coat" title="Chesterfield coat">Chesterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covert_coat" title="Covert coat">Covert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffel_coat" title="Duffel coat">Duffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duster_(clothing)" title="Duster (clothing)">Duster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greatcoat" title="Greatcoat">Greatcoat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Warm" title="British Warm">British Warm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guards_Coat" title="Guards Coat">Guards Coat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greca_(clothing)" title="Greca (clothing)">Greca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-frock_coat" title="Over-frock coat">Over-frock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riding_coat" title="Riding coat">Riding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadbelly" title="Shadbelly">shadbelly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_coat" title="Trench coat">Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_coat" title="Ulster coat">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloak" title="Cloak">Cloak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opera_cloak" title="Opera cloak">opera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paletot" title="Paletot">Paletot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pea_coat" title="Pea coat">Pea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_coat" title="Polo coat">Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raincoat" title="Raincoat">Raincoat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mackintosh" title="Mackintosh">Mackintosh</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suit coats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frock_coat" title="Frock coat">Frock coat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bekishe" title="Bekishe">bekishe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekel" title="Rekel">rekel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess_jacket" title="Mess jacket">Mess jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suit_jacket" title="Suit jacket">Suit jacket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blazer" title="Blazer">Blazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_jacket" title="Smoking jacket">smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_coat" title="Sport coat">sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teba_jacket" title="Teba jacket">Teba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailcoat" title="Tailcoat">Tailcoat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_tie#Dress_coat" title="White tie">dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_dress#Morning_coat" title="Morning dress">morning</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apron" title="Apron">Apron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinafore" title="Pinafore">pinafore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blouson" title="Blouson">Blouson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagoule" title="Cagoule">Cagoule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape" title="Cape">Cape</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferraiolo" title="Ferraiolo">ferraiolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverness_cape" title="Inverness cape">Inverness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(clothing)" title="Mantle (clothing)">Mantle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(monastic_vesture)" title="Mantle (monastic vesture)">monastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(royal_garment)" title="Mantle (royal garment)">royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozzetta" title="Mozzetta">mozzetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellegrina" title="Pellegrina">pellegrina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coatee" title="Coatee">Coatee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut-off" title="Cut-off">Cut-off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilet" title="Gilet">Gilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacket" title="Jacket">Jacket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Down_jacket" title="Down jacket">down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_jacket" title="Flight jacket">flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goggle_jacket" title="Goggle jacket">goggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrington_jacket" title="Harrington jacket">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_jacket" title="Leather jacket">leather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket" title="Mackinaw jacket">mackinaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_jacket" title="Norfolk jacket">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_jacket" title="Safari jacket">safari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerkin_(garment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerkin (garment)">Jerkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_coat" title="White coat">Lab coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parka" title="Parka">Parka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poncho" title="Poncho">Poncho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robe" title="Robe">Robe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bathrobe" title="Bathrobe">bathrobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dressing_gown" title="Dressing gown">dressing gown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawl" title="Shawl">Shawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski_suit" title="Ski suit">Ski suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeved_blanket" title="Sleeved blanket">Sleeved blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windbreaker" title="Windbreaker">Windbreaker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nightwear" title="Nightwear">Nightwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babydoll" title="Babydoll">Babydoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babygrow" title="Babygrow">Babygrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_sleeper" title="Blanket sleeper">Blanket sleeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negligee" title="Negligee">Negligee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightgown" title="Nightgown">Nightgown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightshirt" title="Nightshirt">Nightshirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajamas" title="Pajamas">Pajamas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Swimsuit" title="Swimsuit">Swimwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bikini" title="Bikini">Bikini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkini" title="Burkini">Burkini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boardshorts" title="Boardshorts">Boardshorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_suit" title="Dry suit">Dry suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monokini" title="Monokini">Monokini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit" title="One-piece swimsuit">One-piece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rash_guard" title="Rash guard">Rash guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sling_swimsuit" title="Sling swimsuit">Sling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_leg_suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Square leg suit">Square leg suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swim_briefs" title="Swim briefs">Swim briefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swim_diaper" title="Swim diaper">Swim diaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trunks_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trunks (clothing)">Trunks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetsuit" title="Wetsuit">Wetsuit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hosiery" title="Hosiery">Legwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sock" title="Sock">Sock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hold-ups" title="Hold-ups">Hold-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garter" title="Garter">Garter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantyhose" title="Pantyhose">Pantyhose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocking" title="Stocking">Stocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tights" title="Tights">Tights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Footwear" title="Footwear">Footwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boot" title="Boot">Boot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_boot" title="Dress boot">Dress boot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flip-flops" title="Flip-flops">Flip-flops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandal" title="Sandal">Sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoe" title="Shoe">Shoe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_shoe" title="Dress shoe">Dress shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_shoe" title="Court shoe">Court shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneaker">Sneaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slipper" title="Slipper">Slipper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_accessory" title="Fashion accessory">Accessories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adornments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armband" title="Armband">Armband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_(clothing)" title="Belt (clothing)">Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boutonni%C3%A8re" title="Boutonnière">Boutonnière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coin_purse" title="Coin purse">Coin purse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cufflink" title="Cufflink">Cufflink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummerbund" title="Cummerbund">Cummerbund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaiters" title="Gaiters">Gaiters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasses" title="Glasses">Glasses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunglasses" title="Sunglasses">Sunglasses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glove" title="Glove">Gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headband" title="Headband">Headband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handbag" title="Handbag">Handbag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inro" title="Inro">Inro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">Jewellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livery" title="Livery">Livery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muff_(handwarmer)" title="Muff (handwarmer)">Muff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_protector" title="Pocket protector">Pocket protector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_watch" title="Pocket watch">Pocket watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sash" title="Sash">Sash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spats_(footwear)" title="Spats (footwear)">Spats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspenders" title="Suspenders">Suspenders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallet" title="Wallet">Wallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watch" title="Watch">Watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-worn items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hand_fan" title="Hand fan">Hand fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbrella" title="Umbrella">Umbrella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_stick" title="Walking stick">Walking stick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress codes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Western31" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes" title="Western dress codes">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formal_wear" title="Formal wear">Formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morning_dress" title="Morning dress">morning dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_tie" title="White tie">white tie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-formal_wear" title="Semi-formal wear">Semi-formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_lounge_suit" title="Black lounge suit">black lounge suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_tie" title="Black tie">black tie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informal_wear" title="Informal wear">Informal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_casual" title="Business casual">Business casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_casual" title="Smart casual">Smart casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casual_wear" title="Casual wear">Casual</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_fetish" title="Clothing fetish">Clothing fetish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_swap" title="Clothing swap">Clothing swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume" title="Costume">Costume</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creature_suit" title="Creature suit">creature suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloween_costume" title="Halloween costume">Halloween costume</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-dressing" title="Cross-dressing">Cross-dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fashion" title="Environmental impact of fashion">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">Fashion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">haute couture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Made-to-measure" title="Made-to-measure">made-to-measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">ready-to-wear</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fur_clothing" title="Fur clothing">Fur clothing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_types_of_fur" title="List of types of fur">types</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fursuit" title="Fursuit">Fursuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_trade_of_secondhand_clothing" title="Global trade of secondhand clothing">Global trade of secondhand clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laundry" title="Laundry">Laundry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_laws_by_country" title="Clothing laws by country">Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses" title="List of individual dresses">List of individual dresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructed_clothing" title="Reconstructed clothing">Reconstructed clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_clothing" title="Right to clothing">Right to clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_clothing" title="Vintage clothing">Vintage clothing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Emojione_1F458.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/28px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/42px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/56px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Clothing" title="Portal:Clothing">Clothing portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lingerie95" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#C8A2C8"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lingerie" title="Template:Lingerie"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lingerie" title="Template talk:Lingerie"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lingerie" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lingerie"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lingerie95" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lingerie" title="Lingerie">Lingerie</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Upper torso</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bra_designs" title="List of bra designs">Types</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">bras</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_bras" title="History of bras">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandeau" title="Bandeau">Bandeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bralette" title="Bralette">Bralette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nursing_bra" title="Nursing bra">Nursing bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_bra" title="Sports bra">Sports bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_bra" title="Training bra">Training bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwire_bra" title="Underwire bra">Underwire bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_bra" title="Male bra">Male bra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other garments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babydoll" title="Babydoll">Babydoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bustier" title="Bustier">Bustier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camisole" title="Camisole">Camisole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudou" title="Dudou">Dudou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negligee" title="Negligee">Negligee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightgown" title="Nightgown">Nightgown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torsolette" class="mw-redirect" title="Torsolette">Torsolette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm" title="Yếm">Yếm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Lower torso</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bikini" title="Bikini">Bikini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyshorts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boyshorts">Boyshorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_knickers" title="French knickers">French knickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundoshi" title="Fundoshi">Fundoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)" title="Girdle (undergarment)">Girdle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_boxers" class="mw-redirect" title="Girl boxers">Girl boxers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panties" title="Panties">Panties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Period_underwear" title="Period underwear">Period underwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thong" title="Thong">Tanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tap_pants" title="Tap pants">Tap pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thong" title="Thong">Thong</a> (<a href="/wiki/G-string" title="G-string">G-string</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomers" title="Bloomers">Bloomers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Full torso</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodice" title="Bodice">Bodice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corset" title="Corset">Corset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corselet" title="Corselet">Corselet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_garment" title="Foundation garment">Foundation garment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightshirt" title="Nightshirt">Nightshirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Playsuit (lingerie)">Playsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(clothing)" title="Slip (clothing)">Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_(garment)" title="Teddy (garment)">Teddy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hosiery" title="Hosiery">Hosiery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodystocking" title="Bodystocking">Bodystocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garter" title="Garter">Garter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hold-ups" title="Hold-ups">Hold-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee_highs" title="Knee highs">Knee highs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantyhose" title="Pantyhose">Pantyhose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocking" title="Stocking">Stocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tights" title="Tights">Tights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_(clothing)" title="Basque (clothing)">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boudoir_cap" title="Boudoir cap">Boudoir cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bustle" title="Bustle">Bustle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemise" title="Chemise">Chemise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crinoline" title="Crinoline">Crinoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farthingale" title="Farthingale">Farthingale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoop_skirt" title="Hoop skirt">Hoop skirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_bodice" title="Liberty bodice">Liberty bodice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)" title="Pannier (clothing)">Pannier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantalettes" title="Pantalettes">Pantalettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petticoat" title="Petticoat">Petticoat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pettipants" title="Pettipants">Pettipants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waist_cincher" title="Waist cincher">Waist cincher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Accessories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falsies" title="Falsies">Falsies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingerie_tape" title="Lingerie tape">Lingerie tape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands" title="List of lingerie brands">List of lingerie brands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8A2C8;width:1%">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 99 languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-75687f9f4b-dbwn8","wgBackendResponseTime":361,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.322","walltime":"2.757","ppvisitednodes":{"value":18572,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":451453,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":12186,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":33,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":691008,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2364.907 1 -total"," 43.83% 1036.459 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.00% 331.201 79 Template:Cite_web"," 10.47% 247.693 36 Template:Cite_news"," 6.79% 160.509 30 Template:Cite_book"," 6.69% 158.175 31 Template:Sfn"," 6.07% 143.477 11 Template:Navbox"," 5.91% 139.673 16 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Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-05-09T09:25:48Z","dateModified":"2025-03-22T20:37:19Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/94\/Modern_bra_fullcup.jpg","headline":"undergarment for supporting, promoting\/concealing and confining breast movement"}</script> </body> </html>