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We have <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_parliamentary_election,_2018" class="extiw" title="wp:Cuban parliamentary election, 2018" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Cuban parliamentary election, 2018">elections</span></a><sup><img alt="Wikipedia" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>, but the candidates are all commies!"</div></div></div> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #FF0000; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:White; background-color:#FF0000"><b>Join the party!</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism"><font size="4" color="White"><b>Communism</b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#F9F5D8;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:Communists" title="Category:Communists"><img alt="Icon communism.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/4/42/Icon_communism.svg/100px-Icon_communism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/4/42/Icon_communism.svg/150px-Icon_communism.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/4/42/Icon_communism.svg/200px-Icon_communism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#FF0000; text-align:center;"><b>Opiates for the masses</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#F9F5D8;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" class="mw-redirect" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevik" title="Bolshevik">Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#FF0000; text-align:center;"><b>From each</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#F9F5D8;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Murray" title="Andrew Murray">Andrew Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Eric Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#FF0000; text-align:center;"><b>To each</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#F9F5D8;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unite_Against_Fascism" title="Unite Against Fascism">Unite Against Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Socialist_Organization" title="International Socialist Organization">International Socialist Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angry_Brigade" title="Angry Brigade">Angry Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_Unionist_and_Socialist_Coalition" title="Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition">Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Temple" title="Shirley Temple">Shirley Temple</a></li></ul> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communism" title="Template:Communism">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communism" title="Template talk:Communism">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Communism&action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:157px;"><a href="/wiki/File:RaulCastro.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/w/images/3/3c/RaulCastro.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="249" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="249" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:RaulCastro.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>The second fiddle to Fidel, Raúl Castro.</div></div></div> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span><b>Castro:</b> Ah, they're not so bad... They even named <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castro_District,_San_Francisco" class="extiw" title="wp:Castro District, San Francisco" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Castro_District,_San_Francisco">a street</span></a><sup><img alt="Wikipedia" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> after me in San Francisco!<br /> <p><b>Aide:</b> *whispers into Castro's ear*<br /> </p> <b>Castro:</b> ...It's full of <i><a href="/wiki/Homosexuals" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexuals">what</a>!?!</i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px 10px 8px;font-size:smaller;line-height:1.6em;text-align:right;"><cite style="font-style:normal;position:relative;z-index:2">—<i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a></i>, "The Trouble with Trillions"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz</b> (1926–2016) was a <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> leader and <a href="/wiki/Tobacco_smoking" title="Tobacco smoking">cigar</a> aficionado. He was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> from 1961 until 2011, Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976, and President of the State Council from 1976 until his official resignation in February 2008, being Cuba's <a href="/wiki/Dictator" class="mw-redirect" title="Dictator">leader</a> for almost 50 years.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> In addition, Cuba did <i>almost</i> end the world <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">that one time.</a> </p><p>After Fidel Castro resigned due to illness in 2008, his duties were taken over by his brother <b>Raúl Castro</b> (1931–), who is notable for having been known by nobody until that point. The latter announced in 2013 he would not seek reelection to the post.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> However, Raúl either changed his mind or lied about this, depending on who you ask, being elected to a second term in 2013, but promised this would be his last.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> Somewhat surprisingly, Raúl Castro actually kept his promise.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> </p><p>The CIA attempted to kill Castro over six hundred times over the years, and he dodged every one of them.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> Castro also had a habit of giving incredibly long speeches, talking in front of the United Nations for four hours and twenty-nine minutes in 1960 and once giving a speech for seven hours and ten minutes in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> David Mould noted that he once saw Castro speak "extemporaneously for more than three hours" while Castro was seventy-six, adding that according to the Cubans, it was a concession to his foreign guests as some had heard five or six-hour speeches.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Life"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Life</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Revolution_and_dictatorship"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Revolution and dictatorship</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Castroism"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Castroism</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Homophobia"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Homophobia</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Death"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Death</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Stopped_clock"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Stopped clock</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Life">Life</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Castro's father was a sugar plantation owner from <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spanish</a> Galicia named Ángel Castro, and his mother was Lina Ruz (his father's maid). The young Fidel progressed through <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Roman Catholic Church">Catholic</a> schools to study <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">law</a> at Havana University in 1945. There, his involvement in student politics included a 1947 attempt to overthrow the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic" class="extiw" title="wp:Dominican Republic" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Dominican Republic">Dominican</span></a><sup><img alt="Wikipedia" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> dictator <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Trujillo" title="Rafael Trujillo">Rafael Trujillo</a> and, in 1948, membership of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">nationalist</a> Ortodoxo Party. That same year he married Mirta Díaz-Balart, and had a son in 1949, Fidel Castro Díaz-Balart, who was <a href="/wiki/Nepotism" title="Nepotism">head of Cuba's atomic energy bureau</a>. </p><p>Castro <a href="/wiki/Divorce" title="Divorce">divorced</a> Díaz-Balart in 1954. In 1956, he had a daughter named Alina Fernández with Natalia Revuelta, who fled to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in 1993 and became an outspoken critic of his regime. </p><p>After graduating in 1950, Castro entered law practice specializing in <a href="/wiki/Poverty" title="Poverty">poor</a> people's cases. In 1953 he was involved in a first unsuccessful attempt to overthrow dictator Fulgencio Batista. Imprisoned, then exiled to <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, Castro returned to Cuba in 1956 to organize the <a href="/wiki/Revolution" title="Revolution">revolution</a>. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Revolution_and_dictatorship">Revolution and dictatorship</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Revolution and dictatorship">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Fulgencio Batista seized power in a March 10, 1952 military <i>coup d'état</i> from Auténtico party president Carlos Prío and then set new records for political corruption and incompetence on the island. Fidel Castro's first bid to overthrow Batista took place on July 26, 1953, when he led 160 other revolutionaries in seizing the Moncada barracks in Santiago. The object was to spark a rebellion among Cuban youth against the government. The attack failed and Castro and 27 comrades were eventually captured, tried and imprisoned.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> In October 1954, Fidel's influential "History Will Absolve Me" was published clandestinely and circulated throughout Cuba. On May 15, 1955, Fidel and the others were released under an amnesty. Fidel, Raul and several more than went into exile in Mexico on July 7, 1955, where they were joined by future <a href="/wiki/War#Guerilla_war" title="War">guerrilla</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Ernesto "Che" Guevara</a>. </p><p>The revolutionaries, now organized as the "July 26 Revolutionary Movement," sailed on the <i>Granma</i> from Mexico to Cuba on December 2, 1956. After a lengthy guerrilla campaign, Batista was toppled on January 1st, 1959. Castro set up a <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communist</a> regime with himself as maximum leader. According to its detractors, he transformed Cuba into a politically repressive one-party communist state,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> but <a href="/wiki/Denialism" title="Denialism">proponents</a> argue that it was actually a <a href="/wiki/Bullshit" title="Bullshit">popular grassroots democracy</a>. </p><p>At the time Castro took over, Cuba was essentially run by US corporations in league with the government. Castro came in and did the unthinkable: he took all of it. The plantations, the casinos, etc. The <a href="/wiki/Mafia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mafia">mob</a>, for one, was not happy. Not only had Castro fooled the U.S. into helping him topple the regime, he then turned around and said <i>rotfl jk I'm nationalizing all this</i>. The <a href="/wiki/CIA" title="CIA">CIA</a> tried and failed to assassinate him multiple times,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> and in 1962 the U.S. imposed an economic embargo on Cuba. Later, Castro was <a href="/wiki/Excommunication" title="Excommunication">excommunicated</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> John XXIII, but he didn't care. With full support from the now-defunct <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, Castro had started deep transformations in the island, leading to the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">Cuban Missile Crisis</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Public_education" title="Public education">Public education</a>, sports and particularly public health, <a href="/wiki/Stopped_clock" title="Stopped clock">were much developed</a>. However, after the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, <a href="/wiki/Command_economy" title="Command economy">Cuba's economy</a> plunged, with massive power, gas and water outages. </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Castroism">Castroism</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Castroism">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>Like <a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">many</a> <a href="/wiki/Stalinism#Stalinism" title="Stalinism">of the other</a> sugar daddies of the revolution, Castro acted on his own special blend of <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> thought which bears his name, albeit somewhat informally. Like many Soviet inspired revolutionary ideologies, it is at its core Marxism-Leninism with a few key ideological changes, most important of which is the rejection of <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a>'s idea of a vanguard party establishing a base of political support among the proles, instead proposing that a smaller band of guerrilla fighters win popular support through active insurgency against the bourgeois. In a nutshell, don't tell people about the revolution, <i>show</i> them the revolution. </p><p>Other tenets of Castroist thought include nationalization of foreign businesses, as experienced by the United States, and the forceful implementation of a different blend of social inequality (albeit better than under Batista). </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Homophobia">Homophobia</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Homophobia">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>One of the aspects of Castro's regime that has gotten more scrutiny in recent years involves his treatment of homosexuals. James Kirchick, writing in The Daily Beast, said upon Castro's death that "he was also an oppressor, torturer, and murderer of gay people."<sup id="cite_ref-Kirchick_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirchick-13">[13]</a></sup> </p><p>It should be noted that, although Castro's record in his early years is horrific, they were sadly not unusual for the time period. For reference, Kirchick notes the abuse of homosexuals in Cuba started in 1965,<sup id="cite_ref-Kirchick_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirchick-13">[13]</a></sup> seven years before the DSM stopped listing homosexuality as a mental disorder.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> Similarly, he notes that "Openly homosexual people were prevented from joining the Communist Party and fired from their jobs,"<sup id="cite_ref-Kirchick_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirchick-13">[13]</a></sup> but the United States had been forcing homosexuals out of their military for decades by that point.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> </p><p>Still, even if these were standard examples of bigotry from this time, they were still examples of bigotry. Castro later came to realize exactly how terrible his actions were, and apologized for them in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Death">Death</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Fidel's death had been eagerly anticipated, and even encouraged by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schlafly" title="Andrew Schlafly">right-wingers</a> (as noted above) for over half a century; he outlived <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>, for crying out loud, but he <a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">died on a Black Friday</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schlafly" title="Andrew Schlafly">Andrew Schlafly</a> has even been celebrating it since 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> After all the foreplay with the Grim Reaper, it finally landed the coup de grace on Saturday, November 26, 2016, 3:29 AM UTC +00:00. (That's 11:29 PM on Friday, November 25, local time.) Morbidly enough, this was Black Friday, which is a day where massive throngs of people in capitalist countries buy expensive gizmos they couldn't have in Cuba thanks to the economic sanctions enforced by the United States, not to mention the hopelessly incompetent <a href="/wiki/Command_economy" title="Command economy">command economy</a>. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Stopped_clock">Stopped clock</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Stopped clock">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Castro has denounced fascistic tendencies from other world leaders, such as condemning the anti-semitism espoused by <a href="/wiki/Ahmadinejad" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmadinejad">Ahmadinejad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marxists.org/history/cuba/archive/castro/">Fidel Castro's speeches</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dx-QK5_e9s8">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dx-QK5_e9s8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sondrol, Paul C. (1991). "Totalitarian and Authoritarian Dictators: A Comparison of Fidel Castro and <a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Stroessner" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfredo Stroessner">Alfredo Stroessner</a>". Journal of <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin American</a> Studies. 23 (3): 599–620. doi:10.1017/S0022216X00015868. JSTOR 157386.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/28/world/americas/as-castro-era-drifts-to-close-a-new-face-steps-in-at-no-2.html?_r=0">As Castro Era Drifts to Close, a New Face Steps In at No. 2</a>, <i>The New York Times</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/cubas-raul-castro-announces-retirement-5-years-005517085.html?ref=gs">https://www.yahoo.com/news/cubas-raul-castro-announces-retirement-5-years-005517085.html?ref=gs</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/19/miguel-diaz-canel-cuba-selects-first-non-castro-president-in-60-years">https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/19/miguel-diaz-canel-cuba-selects-first-non-castro-president-in-60-years</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/triplej/programs/hack/how-castro-survived-638-assassination-attempts/8064788">How Castro survived 638 very cunning assassination attempts</a> ABC</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chron.com/entertainment/columnists/article/Fidel-Castro-holds-record-for-speechifying-10640174.php">Fidel Castro holds record for speechifying</a> Chron</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://davidhmould.com/at-sea/2018/8/3/fidel-castro-speaks-and-speaks">Fidel Castro speaks ... and speaks</a> David H. Mould</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mario Mencia. 1993. <i>The Fertile Prison</i>. Melbourne: Ocean Press. ISBN 978-1875284087</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2009/11/18/cuba-raul-castro-imprisons-critics-crushes-dissent">https://www.hrw.org/news/2009/11/18/cuba-raul-castro-imprisons-critics-crushes-dissent</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bourne, Peter G. (1986). Fidel: A Biography of Fidel Castro. New York City: Dodd, Mead & Company. ISBN 978-0396085188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">In total, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_attempts_on_Fidel_Castro" class="extiw" title="wp:Assassination attempts on Fidel Castro" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Assassination attempts on Fidel Castro">up to <i>638</i> attempts were made on his life by the CIA</span></a><sup><img alt="Wikipedia" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kirchick-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kirchick_13-0">13.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kirchick_13-1">13.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Kirchick_13-2">13.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/fidel-castros-horrific-record-on-gay-rights">Fidel Castro’s Horrific Record on Gay Rights</a> The Daily Beast</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/diversity/education/best-practice-highlights/working-with-lgbtq-patients">Working with LGBTQ Patients</a> American Psychiatric Association</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.militaryonesource.mil/relationships/support-community/lgbtq-in-the-military/">LGBTQ in the Military: A Brief History, Current Policies and Safety</a> Military One Source</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-11147157">Fidel Castro takes blame for persecution of Cuban gays</a> BBC</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news">Helena Horton (26 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/11/26/social-media-reacted-fidel-castros-death/">"How social media reacted to Fidel Castro's death"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=How+social+media+reacted+to+Fidel+Castro%27s+death&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.aulast=Helena+Horton&rft.au=Helena+Horton&rft.date=26+November+2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2016%2F11%2F26%2Fsocial-media-reacted-fidel-castros-death%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Fidel_Castro"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://conservapedia.com/Mystery:Did_a_Fake_Fidel_Castro_Meet_the_Pope%3F">http://conservapedia.com/Mystery:Did_a_Fake_Fidel_Castro_Meet_the_Pope%3F</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/sep/08/fidel-castro-criticises-mahmoud-ahmedinejad">Fidel Castro accuses Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of antisemitism</a> The Guardian</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div></div><div class="printfooter">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&oldid=2674221">https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&oldid=2674221</a>"</div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Communists" title="Category:Communists">Communists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-Catholicism" title="Category:Anti-Catholicism">Anti-Catholicism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-imperialism" title="Category:Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-intellectualism" 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