Flash Floods Are a Worsening Scourge Worldwide — Here's Why

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here's why","alternativeHeadline":"Flash floods are a worsening scourge worldwide — here's why","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://i.insider.com/6722380e9b3250dbbceb0eb1?width=1200&format=jpeg","width":1200,"height":900,"caption":"Several emergency services help in the rescue work, on 29 October, 2024 in Letur, Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain."},"name":"Flash floods are a worsening scourge worldwide — here's why","datePublished":"2024-10-30T16:49:28Z","dateModified":"2024-10-31T09:22:17Z","description":"Dozens of people have been killed in the worst flooding to hit Spain in decades. 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","keywords":"News, Science, Climate Change, analysis","articleBody":"At least 95 people have been killed and many more are missing in the worst flooding to hit Spain in decades.Torrential rain hit parts of the country on Tuesday, cutting off main roads, delaying flights, and damaging homes.The rain was the result of a weather phenomenon known as a cold drop, in which cold air moves over warm water.The air warms up and then rises rapidly, leading to the formation of huge cumulonimbus clouds capable of releasing violent downpours that can devastate towns and cities.Such extreme weather events have a huge human and economic cost — and scientists believe the climate crisis combined with the way humans have developed the natural landscape, will only make the problem worse.Estimates for the economic costs of extreme weather and flooding vary, but many tend to agree that they are on the rise.According to the European Environment Agency, extreme weather in Europe caused economic losses of assets estimated at more than $800 billion between 1980 and 2023.Last year, a study by Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand said the damage caused by the climate crisis through extreme weather has cost $16 million an hour for the past 20 years.The World Economic Forum calculated that the cost of extreme events had increased nearly eight times globally, inflation-adjusted, since the 1970s.The impact of flash flooding can be particularly severe because, often, there is very little warning.Flash floods are different from regular flooding because they develop quickly, in the span of a few hours or even minutes.They can be far more devastating in dry areas because parched soil tends to repel water rather than allow it to soak in.That means surges can result from as little as 10 millimeters in just one hour, according to a 2023 article in Nature.\"Our analysis using the Emergency Events Database shows that, since 2000, such regions experienced less than half (47%) of deadly flash floods globally, yet saw almost three-quarters (74%) of related deaths,\" the authors wrote.The same researchers found that the rate of dryland flash flooding around the world was 20 times higher between 2000 and 2022 than it was between 1900 and 1999.\"Events of this type, which used to occur many decades apart, are now becoming more frequent, and their destructive capacity is greater,\" Ernesto Rodríguez Camino, a senior state meteorologist and member of the Spanish Meteorological Association said.Rainfall events are becoming more severe and sudden because of a simple law of physics: Warmer air holds more moisture.That means that the warming atmosphere can carry more and more water vapor, driving fiercer rain events.At the same time, the air pulls more moisture out of the ground and plants, driving drought.In many places across the globe, this is causing more violent and sudden swings between drought and flood extremes. Daniel Swain, a climate scientist who studies the phenomenon at the University of California, Los Angeles, calls it \"hydroclimate whiplash,\" or simply \"weather whiplash.\"\"You can really go to any continent, in any season, and find something at this point,\" Swain told BI in January 2023, after a cyclone walloped drought-stricken California with devastating rains.As countries, companies, and entire industries continue burning fossil fuels for energy, causing global temperatures to continue rising, this whiplash will likely get worse.What's more, our cities, towns, and other infrastructure are not prepared.According to the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), a US-based nonprofit, modern infrastructure, including buildings, roads, and sidewalks, has eliminated natural landscape features that would have slowed flooding in the past.It added that stormwater systems designed to protect buildings are often too old and not vast enough to handle the increasing amount of major weather events caused by climate change.Additionally, houses are continuing to be built in areas that are prone to flooding, the organization said.The World Health Organization (WHO) said people who live on floodplains or in buildings without flood protections or warning systems are most vulnerable.Non-environmental factors, such as new infrastructure and better weather warnings, can help prevent the impact of flash flooding.Critically, scientists say, industries and countries across the planet must drastically cut their greenhouse-gas emissions to slow the rise of global temperatures. Otherwise, flooding is likely to get worse and worse throughout the rest of the century.Jess Neumann, an associate professor of Hydrology at the University of Reading, said that another long-term solution would involve the \"radical redesign of urban areas.\"\"Flash floods can affect anyone, anywhere. We take preparation for other hazards such as earthquakes and tsunamis very seriously with education, drills, and emergency kits,\" she said. \"It is time we afforded the same to flood risk preparedness.\"John Marsham, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Leeds, agrees with Neumann's assessment.\"Our entire infrastructure and civilization are based around a climate that no longer exists,\" he said, adding that some locations are becoming more difficult to insure against flood damage.Some cities are already considering better precautions for extreme weather events. 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class="col-12"> <article class=""> <section class="post-headline-wrapper " id="post-headline" > <div class="post-meta"> <span class="post-breadcrumbs headline-regular "> <a href="/science" class=" breadcrumbs-no-spacer" data-track-click="{"product_field":"Science","element_name":"breadcrumbs","event":"navigation"}" > Science </a> </span> </div> <h1 class="post-headline ">Flash floods are a worsening scourge worldwide — here's why</h1> </section> <section class="byline-wrapper "> <div class="byline " data-e2e-name="byline" > <div class="byline-content" data-e2e-name="byline-content" > <div class="byline-row"> <div class="byline-author-container"> <div class="byline-author headline-regular"> <span class="headline-regular">Analysis by</span> <span class="" data-e2e-name="Mikhaila Friel" > <a class="byline-link byline-author-name" data-e2e-name="byline-author-name" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/author/mikhaila-friel" >Mikhaila Friel</a></span>, <span class="" data-e2e-name="Hannah 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<figcaption class="image-caption headline-semibold" data-e2e-name="image-caption" > <span class="image-caption-text">Spain is the latest country to be ravaged by flash floods, which have been increasing in frequency around the world.</span> <span class="image-source-text"> <span class="image-source headline-regular" data-e2e-name="image-source" itemprop="creditText" > Victor Fernandez/Europa Press via Getty Images </span> </span> </figcaption> </span> </figure> <div class="inline-backup-paywall desktop" data-component-type="inline-backup-paywall" style="display:none"> <span class="headline-semibold subscription-msg">This story is available exclusively to Business Insider subscribers. <a href="/subscription" class="subscription-link">Become an Insider</a> and start reading now.</span> <span class="headline-regular login-prompt">Have an account? <button class="login-prompt-btn">Log in</button>.</span> </div> <div> <section class="post-content typography " data-track-content="" data-post-type="post" > <div id="piano-inline-content-wrapper" data-piano-inline-content-wrapper data-user-status="anonymous" > <div data-component-type="content-lock" data-load-strategy="exclude"> <div class="content-lock-content"> <div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-1" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-1/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-1" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-1/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-1","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-not-lazy="" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><ul class="summary-list"><li>At least 95 people have been killed in the worst flooding to hit Spain in decades.</li><li>Flash floods are becoming more common and more intense due to climate change.</li><li>Experts say some communities should rebuild their infrastructure to better accommodate flooding.</li></ul><p>At least 95 people have been killed and many more are missing in the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/spain-flooding-51-dead-in-valencia-region-economic-hub-2024-10" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel="">worst flooding to hit Spain in decades</a>.</p><p>Torrential rain hit parts of the country on Tuesday, cutting off main roads, delaying flights, and damaging homes.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-2" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-2/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-2" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-2/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-2","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p>The rain was the result of a weather phenomenon known as a cold drop, in which cold air moves over warm water.</p><p>The air warms up and then rises rapidly, leading to the formation of huge cumulonimbus clouds capable of releasing violent downpours that can devastate towns and cities.</p><p>Such extreme weather events have a huge human and economic cost — and scientists believe the climate crisis combined with the way humans have developed the natural landscape, will only <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/california-weather-whiplash-floods-drought-getting-worse-atmospheric-rivers-2023-1" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel="">make the problem worse</a>.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-3" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-3/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-3" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-3/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-3","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><h2 id="971184fb-8d33-48d1-979d-6445b6e539be" data-toc-id="971184fb-8d33-48d1-979d-6445b6e539be">The cost of extreme weather</h2><p>Estimates for the <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-climate-change-crisis-extreme-weather-is-costing-you-2023-9" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel="">economic costs of extreme weather</a> and flooding vary, but many tend to agree that they are on the rise.</p><p>According to the European Environment Agency, extreme weather in Europe caused economic losses of assets estimated at more than $800 billion between 1980 and 2023.</p><p>Last year, a study by <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/oct/09/climate-crisis-cost-extreme-weather-damage-study" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel=" nofollow">Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand</a> said the damage caused by the climate crisis through extreme weather has cost $16 million an hour for the past 20 years.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-4" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-4" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2023/01/extreme-weather-economic-cost-wef23/" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel=" nofollow">The World Economic Forum</a> calculated that the cost of extreme events had increased nearly eight times globally, inflation-adjusted, since the 1970s.</p><p>The impact of flash flooding can be particularly severe because, often, there is very little warning.</p><h2 id="8409be50-c212-466d-bbd2-62c416ac5204" data-toc-id="8409be50-c212-466d-bbd2-62c416ac5204">Flash flooding in dry areas</h2><p>Flash floods are <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-flash-flood-warning-how-to-stay-safe-vermont-2023-7" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel="">different from regular flooding</a> because they develop quickly, in the span of a few hours or even minutes.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-5" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-5" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p>They can be far more devastating in dry areas because parched soil tends to repel water rather than allow it to soak in.</p><p>That means surges can result from as little as 10 millimeters in just one hour, according to a<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow sponsored noindex" class="c-link" href="https://affiliate.insider.com/?h=3735d139977ac068c02d638e81b04695e0ab6b1d06970add3b44fafb88d52e11&platform=browser&postID=6722014ce5b5408300715e9a&postSlug=flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10&site=bi&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fd41586-023-00626-9.epdf%3Fno_publisher_access%3D1%26r3_referer%3Dnature" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" data-am-orig-url="https://affiliate.insider.com/?h=3735d139977ac068c02d638e81b04695e0ab6b1d06970add3b44fafb88d52e11&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fd41586-023-00626-9.epdf%3Fno_publisher_access%3D1%26r3_referer%3Dnature"> 2023 article in Nature</a>.</p><p>"Our analysis using the Emergency Events Database shows that, since 2000, such regions experienced less than half (47%) of deadly flash floods globally, yet saw almost three-quarters (74%) of related deaths," the authors wrote.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-6" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-6" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p>The same researchers found that the rate of dryland flash flooding around the world was 20 times higher between 2000 and 2022 than it was between 1900 and 1999.</p><p>"Events of this type, which used to occur many decades apart, are now becoming more frequent, and their destructive capacity is greater," Ernesto Rodríguez Camino, a senior state meteorologist and member of the Spanish Meteorological Association said.</p> <section class="dad-related-posts-component at-inline related-posts " data-component-type="dad-related-posts" data-delay-third-party-scripts="true" data-size="2" data-container-index="in_content_recirc_1" data-included-verticals="science" data-placement="inline" data-prevent-collision="true" data-excluded-verticals="bi-video" data-root-margin="250px 0px" data-track-view="{"event":"module_in_view","element_name":"in_content_recirc","subscription_experience":"bi_value_unassigned","product_field":"in_content_recirc_1"}"> <div class="content-recommendations-title-container"> <h2 class="content-recommendations-title headline-semibold ignore-typography "> Related stories </h2> </div> <div class="dad-related-posts-container content-recommendations-container"></div> </section><h2 id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3" data-toc-id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">Why are there more flash floods?</h2><p id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">Rainfall events are becoming more severe and sudden because of a simple law of physics: Warmer air holds more moisture.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-7" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-7" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">That means that the warming atmosphere can carry more and more water vapor, driving fiercer rain events.</p><p id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">At the same time, the air pulls more moisture out of the ground and plants, driving drought.</p><p id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">In many places across the globe, this is causing more violent and sudden swings between drought and flood extremes. Daniel Swain, a climate scientist who studies the phenomenon at the University of California, Los Angeles, calls it "hydroclimate whiplash," or simply "weather whiplash."</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-8" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-8" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div> <figure class="figure image-figure-image " data-type="img" data-e2e-name="image-figure-image" data-media-container="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="lazy-holder " style="padding-top: calc(100% * 1500 / 2250)"> <meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://i.insider.com/63b23444a51b3d00185b6680"> <img class="lazy-image " src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'%3F%3E%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='1' height='1'/%3E" data-content-type="image/jpeg" data-srcs="{"https://i.insider.com/63b23444a51b3d00185b6680":{"contentType":"image/jpeg","aspectRatioW":2250,"aspectRatioH":1500}}" alt="man dumps bucket of brown water onto flooded street through shop doorway"> </div> <span class="image-source-caption "> <figcaption class="image-caption headline-semibold" data-e2e-name="image-caption"> A business struggles with floodwaters in San Carlos, California, during historic rainfall. <span class="image-source headline-regular" data-e2e-name="image-source" itemprop="creditText"> <a href="https://affiliate.insider.com/?h=3456ba5517dea3475213b0222d8a87081e1613dedfa442c878315c513f399fd9&platform=browser&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gettyimages.com%2Fdetail%2Fnews-photo%2Frainstorm-causes-flash-flood-in-san-carlos-california-news-photo%2F1245906243%3Fphrase%3Dcalifornia%2520flood" class="image-source-link not-content-link" rel="nofollow sponsored noindex" data-am-orig-url="https://affiliate.insider.com/?h=3456ba5517dea3475213b0222d8a87081e1613dedfa442c878315c513f399fd9&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gettyimages.com%2Fdetail%2Fnews-photo%2Frainstorm-causes-flash-flood-in-san-carlos-california-news-photo%2F1245906243%3Fphrase%3Dcalifornia%2520flood"> Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images </a> </span> </figcaption> </span> </figure> <p id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">"You can really go to any continent, in any season, and find something at this point," Swain told BI in January 2023, after a cyclone <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/photos-of-california-floods-show-damage-rescues-more-rain-coming-2023-1" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel="">walloped drought-stricken California with devastating rains</a>.</p><p id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">As countries, companies, and entire industries continue burning fossil fuels for energy, causing global temperatures to continue rising, this whiplash will likely get worse.</p><p id="c6269754-7554-446d-a63e-b8d93fdbfdc3">What's more, our cities, towns, and other infrastructure are not prepared.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-9" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-9" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.edf.org/why-are-floods-hitting-more-places-and-people" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel=" nofollow">According</a> to the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), a US-based nonprofit, modern infrastructure, including buildings, roads, and sidewalks, has eliminated natural landscape features that would have slowed flooding in the past.</p><p>It added that stormwater systems designed to protect buildings are often too old and not vast enough to handle the increasing amount of major weather events caused by climate change.</p><p>Additionally, houses are continuing to be built in areas that are prone to flooding, the organization said.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-10" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-10" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p>The <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.who.int/health-topics/floods#tab=tab_1" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel=" nofollow">World Health Organization</a> (WHO) said people who live on floodplains or in buildings without flood protections or warning systems are most vulnerable.</p><h2 id="283c598d-eb50-4251-afb8-e7fbf0cb4832" data-toc-id="283c598d-eb50-4251-afb8-e7fbf0cb4832">What can be done?</h2> <figure class="figure image-figure-image " data-type="img" data-e2e-name="image-figure-image" data-media-container="image" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="lazy-holder " style="padding-top: calc(100% * 3333 / 5000)"> <meta itemprop="contentUrl" content="https://i.insider.com/672239f201ea6d83dee507c5"> <img class="lazy-image " src="data:image/svg+xml,%3C%3Fxml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'%3F%3E%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='1' height='1'/%3E" data-content-type="image/jpeg" data-srcs="{"https://i.insider.com/672239f201ea6d83dee507c5":{"contentType":"image/jpeg","aspectRatioW":5000,"aspectRatioH":3333}}" alt="Emergency workers clear debris the morning after heavy rains and flash floods hit the area on October 30, 2024 in Letur, Albacete province, Spain"> </div> <span class="image-source-caption "> <figcaption class="image-caption headline-semibold" data-e2e-name="image-caption"> Experts say new infrastructure and better warnings are important to minimize the impact of flash flooding. <span class="image-source headline-regular" data-e2e-name="image-source" itemprop="creditText"> Mateo Villalba Sanchez/Getty Images </span> </figcaption> </span> </figure> <p>Non-environmental factors, such as new infrastructure and better weather warnings, can help prevent the impact of flash flooding.</p><p>Critically, scientists say, industries and countries across the planet must drastically cut their <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/richest-americans-income-creates-outsized-emissions-climate-crisis-2023-8" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel="">greenhouse-gas emissions</a> to slow the rise of global temperatures. Otherwise, flooding is likely to get worse and worse throughout the rest of the century.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-11" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-11" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p>Jess Neumann, an associate professor of Hydrology at the University of Reading, said that another long-term solution would involve the "radical redesign of urban areas."</p><p>"Flash floods can affect anyone, anywhere. We take preparation for other hazards such as earthquakes and tsunamis very seriously with education, drills, and emergency kits," she said. "It is time we afforded the same to flood risk preparedness."</p><p>John Marsham, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Leeds, agrees with Neumann's assessment.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-12" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-12" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p>"Our entire infrastructure and civilization are based around a climate that no longer exists," he said, adding that some locations are becoming more difficult to insure against flood damage.</p><p>Some cities are already considering better precautions for extreme weather events. For example, in 2022, the US Army Corps of Engineers unveiled its proposal to build a <a target="_blank" class="" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/26/nyregion/storm-project-new-york-harbor-flooding.html" data-analytics-product-module="body_link" rel=" nofollow">$52 billion moveable sea barrier</a> along the New York Harbor to protect against storm surges.</p><p>These protections would also allow local economies to recover faster.</p><div class="in-post-sticky only-desktop"><div class="ad-callout-wrapper only-desktop"> <div class="ad-label headline-regular only-desktop">Advertisement</div> <div data-bi-ad="" id="gpt-post-science-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-fluid-13" class="ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop" data-force="" data-type="ad" data-adunit="businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science" data-secvert="" data-tag="crime" data-authors="mikhaila-friel,hannah-abraham,morgan-mcfall-johnsen" data-region="Desktop In Post Ad" data-responsive="[{"browserLimit":[728,0],"slotSize":[[300,250],"fluid"]},{"browserLimit":[1260,0],"slotSize":[[728,90],[300,250],[800,480],[600,480],"fluid"]}]" data-tile-order="tile-13" data-url="/flash-floods-spain-increasing-globally-experts-infrastructure-change-2024-10" data-template="default" data-targeting="{"adunit":"businessinsider.desktop/post/in-content-4-plus/science","region":"Desktop In Post Ad","tag":"crime","template":"default","dvp_spos":"in-content-4-plus","rawvert":""}" data-amazontamsizes="[[728,90],[300,250]]" data-enable-ad-refresher="true" data-refresh-count="0"></div> </div></div><p>The EDF reported that the average flood event from excessive rainfall in the US costs around $4.7 billion.</p><p>Marsham and Liz Stephens, a professor in climate risks and resilience, said that local governments should also implement stronger warnings about the risks of flash flooding to prevent death and injuries.</p><p>"People shouldn't be dying from these kinds of forecasted 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