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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Life of L. 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series of</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a><br />biographies</th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CEE0F2; color:black;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>Chronological</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1911_to_1950" title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1911 to 1950">Early life (1911–1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1950_to_1953" title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1950 to 1953">Dianetics era (1950–1953)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1953_to_1967" title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1953 to 1967">Church of Scientology era (1953–1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1967_to_1975" title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1967 to 1975">Sea Org era (1967–1975)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">In hiding (1975–1986)</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CEE0F2; color:black;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>Additional details</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_career_of_L._Ron_Hubbard" title="Military career of L. Ron Hubbard">Military career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudobiography_of_L._Ron_Hubbard" title="Pseudobiography of L. Ron Hubbard">False biographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_L._Ron_Hubbard" title="Timeline of L. Ron Hubbard">Timeline</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/Category:L._Ron_Hubbard" title="Category:L. Ron Hubbard">More</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From 1975 until his death in 1986, L. Ron Hubbard lived in a variety of locations throughout the continental United States. </p><p>Having alienated most port authorities, and being in poor health, <a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a> ordered his <a href="/wiki/Sea_Org" title="Sea Org">Sea Org</a> to locate a new land base for <a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a> management and retire the seagoing operations. In 1975 they purchased a large hotel in Clearwater, Florida, which became the <a href="/wiki/Flag_Land_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag Land Base">Flag Land Base</a>. Hubbard went into hiding while his wife <a href="/wiki/Mary_Sue_Hubbard" title="Mary Sue Hubbard">Mary Sue</a> ran the <a href="/wiki/Guardian%27s_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian's Office">Guardian's Office</a>. </p><p>During this period, his <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Hubbard" title="Quentin Hubbard">second son</a> committed suicide, two Guardian's Office agents were caught in the act of theft at <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">IRS</a> headquarters as part of the Church's <a href="/wiki/Operation_Snow_White" title="Operation Snow White">Operation Snow White</a>, the <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> simultaneously raided two Scientology compounds on opposite sides of the USA, discovering 90,000 incriminating documents and tools of burglary and espionage. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Hubbard" title="United States v. Hubbard">criminal trial of 11 high-ranking Scientologists</a> resulted in prison sentences for all, including Hubbard's wife Mary Sue. Hubbard was an <a href="/wiki/Unindicted_co-conspirator" class="mw-redirect" title="Unindicted co-conspirator">unindicted co-conspirator</a> and remained in hiding until his death in 1986. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_problems">Medical problems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Medical problems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the summer of 1975, on the Caribbean island of <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a>, he suffered a <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a> and pulmonary embolism.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 255">: 255 </span></sup> Hubbard spent two days in the ICU, followed by three weeks in hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 255">: 255 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Florida">In Florida</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In Florida"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hubbard decided to relocate back to the United States and to establish a "land base" for the Sea Org in Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 334">: 334 </span></sup> In October 1975, Hubbard moved into a hotel suite in <a href="/wiki/Daytona_Beach,_Florida" title="Daytona Beach, Florida">Daytona Beach</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Fort_Harrison_Hotel" title="Fort Harrison Hotel">Fort Harrison Hotel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Clearwater,_Florida" title="Clearwater, Florida">Clearwater, Florida</a>, was secretly acquired as the location for the "land base".<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 334">: 334 </span></sup> On December 5, 1975, Hubbard and his wife Mary Sue moved into "King Arthur's Court", a condominium complex in nearby <a href="/wiki/Dunedin,_Florida" title="Dunedin, Florida">Dunedin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 336">: 336 </span></sup> The <i>Apollo</i> was banned from several Spanish ports<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 204">: 204 </span></sup> and was expelled from <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> in October 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 209">: 209 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On_the_run">On the run</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: On the run"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:252px"><div style="position:relative;width:250px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986 is located in the United States"><img alt="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986 is located in the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Usa_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-Usa_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="731" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:78.98%;left:78.209%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Daytona Beach"><img alt="Daytona Beach" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Daytona Beach</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.465%;left:81.664%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="D.C."><img alt="D.C." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>D.C.</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:38.398%;left:10.905%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sparks"><img alt="Sparks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Sparks</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.124%;left:10.266%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986"><img alt="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.945%;left:12.635%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986"><img alt="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:59.791%;left:10.95%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986"><img alt="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.082%;left:10.549%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Southern California"><img alt="Southern California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Southern California</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Usa_edcp_location_map.svg" title="File:Usa edcp location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>In his final decade, Hubbard hid throughout the United States, moving from Florida to D.C., then to Southern California.</div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:252px"><div style="position:relative;width:250px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986 is located in southern California"><img alt="Life of L. Ron Hubbard from 1975 to 1986 is located in southern California" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg/250px-USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg/375px-USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg/500px-USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="685" data-file-height="387" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.756%;left:40.789%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Culver City"><img alt="Culver City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Culver<br />City</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:62.747%;left:60.605%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hemet"><img alt="Hemet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Hemet</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:66.764%;left:47.769%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Newport Beach"><img alt="Newport Beach" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div>Newport Beach</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.459%;left:42.881%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Creston"><img alt="Creston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Creston</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_California_Southern_location_map.svg" title="File:USA California Southern location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Hubbard hid in multiple locations in Southern California.</div></div></div> <p>Hubbard's presence was meant to be a closely guarded secret but was accidentally compromised the following month <sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 338">: 338 </span></sup> when Hubbard revealed his identity to a tailor who was a science-fiction fan.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 338">: 338 </span></sup> Hubbard's presence was soon reported in a local paper, prompting him to immediately leave Florida for Georgetown, Washington, D.C., accompanied by a handful of aides and messengers, but not his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 340">: 340 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Six months later, following another security alert in July 1976, Hubbard left D.C. and moved to another safe house in <a href="/wiki/Culver_City,_California" title="Culver City, California">Culver City, California</a>. He lived there for only about three months, relocating in October to the more private confines of the Olive Tree Ranch near <a href="/wiki/La_Quinta,_California" title="La Quinta, California">La Quinta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 343">: 343 </span></sup> Police discovered <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Hubbard" title="Quentin Hubbard">Quentin Hubbard</a> unconscious in his car in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas, Nevada">Las Vegas</a> on October 28, 1976, without any identifying documents. Although a hose connected to the tailpipe was found in the car's window, a test for carbon monoxide was negative.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L. Ron Hubbard was furious at the news, shouting, "That stupid fucking kid! Look what he's done to me!"<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 344">: 344 </span></sup> Quentin died two weeks later without having regained consciousness.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 344">: 344 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mary Sue Hubbard told Scientologists that Quentin had died from <a href="/wiki/Encephalitis" title="Encephalitis">encephalitis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 214">: 214 </span></sup> L. Ron Hubbard is said to have deteriorated rapidly after Quentin's death, becoming dishevelled and increasingly paranoid.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 348">: 348 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="FBI_raid">FBI raid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: FBI raid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On July 8, 1977, after two GO agents were caught in the Washington, D.C., headquarters of the IRS, the FBI carried out simultaneous raids on GO offices in Los Angeles and Washington, D.C.,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They retrieved <a href="/wiki/Wiretap" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiretap">wiretap</a> equipment, burglary tools and some 90,000 pages of incriminating documents. On July 15, a week after the raid, Hubbard fled with <a href="/wiki/Pat_Broeker" title="Pat Broeker">Pat Broeker</a> to Sparks, Nevada. While hiding in Sparks, Hubbard authored a screenplay titled <i><a href="/wiki/Revolt_in_the_Stars" title="Revolt in the Stars">Revolt in the Stars</a></i> based on the Xenu story and by December he was prepared to being production. Hubbard's screenplay was passed around Hollywood in 1978. </p><p>In February 1978, L. Ron Hubbard was convicted, in absentia, by a French court for obtaining money under false pretenses. He was fined and sentenced to four years in prison.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 18, 1978, Hubbard collapsed while filming in the desert.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suffering from a <a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_embolism" title="Pulmonary embolism">pulmonary embolism</a>, Hubbard fell into a coma, but later recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 256">: 256 </span></sup> Hubbard summoned his personal auditor, <a href="/wiki/David_Mayo_(Scientology)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Mayo (Scientology)">David Mayo</a>, to heal him; Mayo recalled: "Hubbard considered the cause of illness to be some bad auditing he'd had just prior, so the idea was to find out what had gone wrong in the auditing and correct that - it would be a spiritual cure."<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1979, Hubbard went further into hiding, moving to an apartment in <a href="/wiki/Hemet,_California" title="Hemet, California">Hemet, California</a>, where his only contact with the outside world was via ten trusted messengers. In August 1979, he saw his wife for the last time.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 258">: 258 </span></sup> Hubbard faced a possible indictment for his role in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Freakout" title="Operation Freakout">Operation Freakout</a>, the GO's campaign against New York journalist <a href="/wiki/Paulette_Cooper" title="Paulette Cooper">Paulette Cooper</a>.In February 1980 he disappeared into deep cover in the company of two trusted messengers, Pat and Annie Broeker.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 259">: 259 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 364">: 364 </span></sup> On October 26, eleven senior people in the church's <a href="/wiki/Guardian%27s_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian's Office">Guardian's Office</a> were convicted of <a href="/wiki/Obstruction_of_justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Obstruction of justice">obstructing justice</a>, burglary of government offices, and theft of documents and government property.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 364">: 364 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hiding_with_the_Broekers">Hiding with the Broekers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hiding with the Broekers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For the first few years of the 1980s, Hubbard and the Broekers lived on the move, touring the Pacific Northwest in a <a href="/wiki/Recreational_vehicle" title="Recreational vehicle">recreational vehicle</a> and living for a while in apartments in <a href="/wiki/Newport_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Newport Beach">Newport Beach</a> and Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SW-Deep-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hubbard used his time in hiding to write his first new works of science fiction for nearly thirty years—<i><a href="/wiki/Battlefield_Earth_(novel)" title="Battlefield Earth (novel)">Battlefield Earth</a></i> (1982) and <i><a href="/wiki/Mission_Earth_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mission Earth (novel)">Mission Earth</a></i>, a ten-volume series published between 1985 and 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-Queen_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Queen-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They received mixed responses; as writer Jeff Walker puts it, they were "treated derisively by most critics but greatly admired by followers".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In OT VIII, dated 1980, Hubbard explains the document is intended for circulation only after his death. In the document, Hubbard also teaches that "the historic Jesus was not nearly the sainted figure [he] has been made out to be. In addition to being a lover of young boys and men. he was given to uncontrollable bursts of temper and hatred".<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hubbard mentions the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a> and its prophecy of a time when "<a href="/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">an arch-enemy of Christ, referred to as the anti-Christ</a>, will reign". According to Hubbard, the "anti-Christ represents the forces of Lucifer". Hubbard writes "My mission could be said to fulfill the Biblical promise represented by this brief anti-Christ period."<sup id="cite_ref-cs.cmu.edu_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cs.cmu.edu-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hubbard told his followers to preserve his teachings until an eventual reincarnation when he would return "not as a religious leader but as a political one".<sup id="cite_ref-urban2006_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urban2006-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> Nibs Hubbard testimony<br /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=elFdBCldOz4">Day 1</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szNf39uLKls">Day 2</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mi6aTe6T5LE">Nibs Hubbard interview (1983)</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcPoSo49dYU">Nibs Hubbard interviewed by Carol Randolph</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRUYESI3v3c&t=26m50s">Jamie DeWolf reads grandfather Nibs's memoir</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In May 1982, the City of Clearwater held <a href="/wiki/Clearwater_Hearings" title="Clearwater Hearings">a week-long series of hearings</a> into Scientology; Nibs Hubbard testified. On November 6, Nibs Hubbard sued for control of his father's estate, saying that his father was either deceased or incompetent.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His reclusive father was proven to still be alive, although he never appeared in court.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 369">: 369 </span></sup> In 1983, Nibs gave an interview with <i><a href="/wiki/Penthouse_(magazine)" title="Penthouse (magazine)">Penthouse</a></i> magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 369">: 369 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-penthouse_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-penthouse-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_of_Spiritual_Technology_ranch_Creston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aerial photograph of an estate with a racetrack visible in the background" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Church_of_Spiritual_Technology_ranch_Creston.jpg/220px-Church_of_Spiritual_Technology_ranch_Creston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Church_of_Spiritual_Technology_ranch_Creston.jpg/330px-Church_of_Spiritual_Technology_ranch_Creston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Church_of_Spiritual_Technology_ranch_Creston.jpg/440px-Church_of_Spiritual_Technology_ranch_Creston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The ranch in San Luis Obispo County, California where Hubbard spent his final years</figcaption></figure> <p>For the last two years of his life, Hubbard withdrew from public life, prompting various rumors and media speculation.<sup id="cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SW-Deep-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He spent his time "writing and researching" in a luxury <a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Corporation" title="Blue Bird Corporation">Blue Bird</a> motorhome on Whispering Winds, a 160-acre (65 ha) ranch near <a href="/wiki/Creston,_California" title="Creston, California">Creston, California</a>, according to a spokesperson, and pursued photography and music, overseeing construction work and checking on his animals.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He repeatedly redesigned the property, spending millions of dollars remodeling the ranch house—which went virtually uninhabited—and building a quarter-mile <a href="/wiki/Horse-racing_track" class="mw-redirect" title="Horse-racing track">horse-racing track</a> with an <a href="/wiki/Observation_tower" title="Observation tower">observation tower</a>, which reportedly was never used.<sup id="cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SW-Deep-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hubbard suffered further ill-health, including chronic <a href="/wiki/Pancreatitis" title="Pancreatitis">pancreatitis</a>, during his time in Creston. </p><p>He was still closely involved in managing the Church of Scientology via secretly delivered orders between he and Church management, sending Pat Broeker as his representative to meet at prearranged meeting places, firstly with the Commanding officer of the CMO, and then finally with David Miscavige for the relay of information between Hubbard and Church management.<sup id="cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SW-Deep-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and continued to receive large amounts of money, of which <i>Forbes</i> magazine estimated "at least $200 million [was] gathered in Hubbard's name through 1982". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suicide_attempt">Suicide attempt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Suicide attempt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 1985, the IRS notified the Church that it was considering indicting Hubbard for tax fraud.<sup id="cite_ref-forbes400_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes400-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1985, Hubbard allegedly attempted <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a> by <a href="/wiki/E-meter" title="E-meter">e-meter</a>, according to ranch caretaker Sarge Pfauth.<sup id="cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PfauthSuicide-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Pfauth, Hubbard announced that he had "failed" his mission on Earth and was planning on "dropping his body".<sup id="cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PfauthSuicide-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He announced he was not coming back to Earth, and requested that Pfauth construct a high-voltage "suicide machine" that would kill the user's body.<sup id="cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PfauthSuicide-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pfauth then provided Hubbard with a high-voltage, low-current e-meter designed to "just to scare him".<sup id="cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PfauthSuicide-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Pfauth, Hubbard did attempt to kill himself with the device — Hubbard flipped the higher-voltage switch and burned out the meter.<sup id="cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PfauthSuicide-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Final_stroke_and_death">Final stroke and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Final stroke and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 17, 1986, Hubbard suffered a <a href="/wiki/Stroke" title="Stroke">stroke</a>, resulting in <a href="/wiki/Dysphasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysphasia">Dysphasia</a>. His doctor, was apparently on a gambling trip with other Church executives the prior week.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On Saturday, January 25, the Reis Chapel mortuary service of San Luis Obsipo was contacted to retrieve a body from the ranch in Creston.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 375">: 375 </span></sup> Gene Denk, Hubbard's personal physician, signed the death certificate listing cause of death as cerebral hemorrhage and provided a certificate of religious belief that forbade an autopsy.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 375">: 375 </span></sup> Proprietors contacted the Sheriff-Coroner and who ordered the body to be photographed, fingerprinted, and examined by an independent pathologist, and tested for toxicology.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 375">: 375 </span></sup> Authorities were presented with a Will dated January 23 — days after a stroke affected his ability to communicate, only one day before his death.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toxicology screen was clean except for <a href="/wiki/Hydroxyzine" title="Hydroxyzine">Vistaril</a>, which Dr. Denk had previously reported administering to Hubbard in his final days. Finally, the body was released for cremation; the following day, Hubbard's ashes were scattered by small boat over the Pacific Ocean.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 375">: 375 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_promotion_order">Alleged promotion order</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Alleged promotion order"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Hubbard's death, the Broekers presented a memo, said to have been written by Hubbard before he died, in which Hubbard specified that Pat and Annie Broeker should succeed him as the heads of the Church following his death.<sup id="cite_ref-FO3879_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FO3879-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that order, Hubbard reportedly promoted himself to Admiral and appointed the Broekers as First and Second Loyal Officers, two new positions not on any existing Scientology <a href="/wiki/Organization_chart" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization chart">Organization chart</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FO3879_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FO3879-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 354">: 354 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-forbes400_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes400-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 392–3">: 392–3 </span></sup> 14 months later however, the Broekers were removed and Miscavige assumed the leadership position himself, giving himself the title of "Chairman of the Board." On 18 April 1988 Miscavige published a follow-up memo stating that the original memo was a forgery and was cancelled.<sup id="cite_ref-Atack_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 362">: 362 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Atack-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atack_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAtack1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Atack" class="mw-redirect" title="Jon Atack">Atack, Jon</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pieceofblueskysc00atac/"><i>A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Lyle_Stuart" title="Lyle Stuart">Lyle Stuart Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/081840499X" title="Special:BookSources/081840499X"><bdi>081840499X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL9429654M">9429654M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Piece+of+Blue+Sky%3A+Scientology%2C+Dianetics+and+L.+Ron+Hubbard+Exposed&rft.pub=Lyle+Stuart+Books&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL9429654M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=081840499X&rft.aulast=Atack&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpieceofblueskysc00atac%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Russell_Miller" title="Russell Miller">Miller, Russell</a> (1987). <a href="/wiki/Bare-faced_Messiah" title="Bare-faced Messiah"><i>Bare-faced Messiah : The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Holt_and_Company" title="Henry Holt and Company">Henry Holt and Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0805006540" title="Special:BookSources/0805006540"><bdi>0805006540</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/17481843">17481843</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL26305813M">26305813M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bare-faced+Messiah+%3A+The+True+Story+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+and+Company&rft.date=1987&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F17481843&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL26305813M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=0805006540&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Russell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/miller/interviews/mayo.htm">"Interview with David Mayo"</a>. The Bare-Faced Messiah Interviews. August 28, 1986 – via <a href="/wiki/David_Touretzky" class="mw-redirect" title="David Touretzky">David Touretzky</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+David+Mayo&rft.series=The+Bare-Faced+Messiah+Interviews&rft.date=1986-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~dst%2FLibrary%2FShelf%2Fmiller%2Finterviews%2Fmayo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Clark_County_Coroner" class="mw-redirect" title="Clark County Coroner">Clark County Coroner</a>. Report of Investigation, Case #1003–76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSappellRobert_W._Welkos1990" class="citation news cs1">Sappell, Joel; Robert W. Welkos (June 24, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200712104733/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-06-24-mn-1015-story.html">"The Mind Behind the Religion : Life With L. Ron Hubbard : Aides indulged his eccentricities and egotism"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-06-24-mn-1015-story.html">the original</a> on July 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Mind+Behind+the+Religion+%3A+Life+With+L.+Ron+Hubbard+%3A+Aides+indulged+his+eccentricities+and+egotism&rft.date=1990-06-24&rft.aulast=Sappell&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.au=Robert+W.+Welkos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1990-06-24-mn-1015-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarro1977" class="citation news cs1">Marro, Anthony (July 9, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/flash/us/20100226_SCIENTOLOGY_TIMELINE/1977raid.pdf">"Federal Agents Raid Scientology Church: Offices in Two Cities Are Searched for Allegedly Stolen I.R.S. Files"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Federal+Agents+Raid+Scientology+Church%3A+Offices+in+Two+Cities+Are+Searched+for+Allegedly+Stolen+I.R.S.+Files&rft.date=1977-07-09&rft.aulast=Marro&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgraphics8.nytimes.com%2Fpackages%2Fflash%2Fus%2F20100226_SCIENTOLOGY_TIMELINE%2F1977raid.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson1978" class="citation news cs1">Robinson, Timothy S. (July 6, 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/RD02E">"FBI Raid on L.A. Scientologists Upheld"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. Archived from <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1978/07/06/fbi-raid-on-la-scientologists-upheld/87a4e31b-104e-4e76-8b4e-6a4b76abc310/">the original</a></span> on October 6, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=FBI+Raid+on+L.A.+Scientologists+Upheld&rft.date=1978-07-06&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Timothy+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1978%2F07%2F06%2Ffbi-raid-on-la-scientologists-upheld%2F87a4e31b-104e-4e76-8b4e-6a4b76abc310%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marshall, John (January 26, 1980). "The Scientology Papers: The hidden Hubbard". Toronto: <i>Globe and Mail</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBird" class="citation web cs1">Bird, Dave. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/miller/timeline.htm">"Bare-Faced Messiah: Timeline"</a> – via <a href="/wiki/David_Touretzky" class="mw-redirect" title="David Touretzky">David Touretzky</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bare-Faced+Messiah%3A+Timeline&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~dst%2FLibrary%2FShelf%2Fmiller%2Ftimeline.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SW-Deep-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SW-Deep_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSappellWelkos1990" class="citation web cs1">Sappell, Joel; Welkos, Robert W. (June 24, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210515183911/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-06-24-mn-1016-story.html">"The Mind Behind the Religion : Chapter Four : The Final Days : Deep in hiding, Hubbard kept tight grip on the church"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-06-24-mn-1016-story.html">the original</a> on May 15, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Mind+Behind+the+Religion+%3A+Chapter+Four+%3A+The+Final+Days+%3A+Deep+in+hiding%2C+Hubbard+kept+tight+grip+on+the+church.&rft.date=1990-06-24&rft.aulast=Sappell&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft.au=Welkos%2C+Robert+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1990-06-24-mn-1016-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Queen-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Queen_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQueenProtheroShattuck2009" class="citation book cs1">Queen, Edward L.; Prothero, Stephen R.; Shattuck, Gardiner H. (2009). <i>Encyclopedia of American Religious History</i>. Vol. 1. New York: Infobase Publishing. p. 493. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6660-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-6660-5"><bdi>978-0-8160-6660-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL11360490M">11360490M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+American+Religious+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=493&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL11360490M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-6660-5&rft.aulast=Queen&rft.aufirst=Edward+L.&rft.au=Prothero%2C+Stephen+R.&rft.au=Shattuck%2C+Gardiner+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker1999" class="citation book cs1">Walker, Jeff (1999). <a href="/wiki/The_Ayn_Rand_Cult" title="The Ayn Rand Cult"><i>The Ayn Rand Cult</i></a>. Chicago: Open Court. p. 275. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8126-9390-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8126-9390-4"><bdi>978-0-8126-9390-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL383476M">383476M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ayn+Rand+Cult&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=275&rft.pub=Open+Court&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL383476M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-0-8126-9390-4&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA2_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrtega2014" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Ortega" title="Tony Ortega">Ortega, Tony</a> (June 24, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tonyortega.org/2014/06/24/up-the-bridge-we-finally-reach-ot-8-but-was-its-first-version-really-a-hoax/">"UP THE BRIDGE: We finally reach 'OT 8' — but was its first version really a hoax?"</a>. <i>The Underground Bunker</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Underground+Bunker&rft.atitle=UP+THE+BRIDGE%3A+We+finally+reach+%27OT+8%27+%E2%80%94+but+was+its+first+version+really+a+hoax%3F&rft.date=2014-06-24&rft.aulast=Ortega&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftonyortega.org%2F2014%2F06%2F24%2Fup-the-bridge-we-finally-reach-ot-8-but-was-its-first-version-really-a-hoax%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cs.cmu.edu-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cs.cmu.edu_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWakefield1991" class="citation web cs1">Wakefield, Margery (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/wakefield/christians.html">"What Christians Need to Know about Scientology"</a> – via <a href="/wiki/David_Touretzky" class="mw-redirect" title="David Touretzky">David Touretzky</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Christians+Need+to+Know+about+Scientology&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Wakefield&rft.aufirst=Margery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~dst%2FLibrary%2FShelf%2Fwakefield%2Fchristians.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-urban2006-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-urban2006_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrban2006" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Urban" title="Hugh Urban">Urban, Hugh B</a> (2006). "Fair Game: Secrecy, Security, and the Church of Scientology in Cold War America". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Academy_of_Religion" title="Journal of the American Academy of Religion">Journal of the American Academy of Religion</a></i>. <b>2</b> (74).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Religion&rft.atitle=Fair+Game%3A+Secrecy%2C+Security%2C+and+the+Church+of+Scientology+in+Cold+War+America&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=74&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=Hugh+B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philadelphia Daily News, December 6, 1982.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-penthouse-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-penthouse_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSonnenschein1983" class="citation magazine cs1">Sonnenschein, Allan (June 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penthouse.com/legacy/scientology/">"Scientology Through the Eyes of L. Ron Hubbard, Jr"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Penthouse_(magazine)" title="Penthouse (magazine)">Penthouse</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230801075709/https://penthouse.com/legacy/scientology/">Archived</a> from the original on August 1, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Penthouse&rft.atitle=Scientology+Through+the+Eyes+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard%2C+Jr.&rft.date=1983-06&rft.aulast=Sonnenschein&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenthouse.com%2Flegacy%2Fscientology%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200224053043/https://lermanet.org/scientologynews/penthouse-LRonHubbardJr-interview-1983.html">alternative link</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/archive/6697626/religion-mystery-of-the-vanished-ruler/">"Religion: Mystery of the Vanished Ruler"</a>. <i>Time magazine</i>. January 31, 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+magazine&rft.atitle=Religion%3A+Mystery+of+the+Vanished+Ruler&rft.date=1983-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2Farchive%2F6697626%2Freligion-mystery-of-the-vanished-ruler%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown, Mark (January 30, 1986). "Creston provided quiet retreat for controversial church leader". <i>The County Telegram-Tribune</i>, San Luis Obispo, pp. 1A/5A.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbes400-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-forbes400_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-forbes400_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBehar1986" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Behar" title="Richard Behar">Behar, Richard</a> (October 27, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/behar/behar-forbes-1986.pdf">"The prophet and profits of Scientology"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes_400" title="Forbes 400">Forbes 400</a></i> – via <a href="/wiki/David_Touretzky" class="mw-redirect" title="David Touretzky">David Touretzky</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes+400&rft.atitle=The+prophet+and+profits+of+Scientology&rft.date=1986-10-27&rft.aulast=Behar&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~dst%2FLibrary%2FShelf%2Fbehar%2Fbehar-forbes-1986.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/document/471436040/Scientology-Forbes-1986-Behar#">alternate link</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PfauthSuicide-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PfauthSuicide_21-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrtega2016" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Ortega" title="Tony Ortega">Ortega, Tony</a> (July 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tonyortega.org/2016/07/11/scientology-founder-l-ron-hubbards-caretaker-and-friend-steve-sarge-pfauth-1945-2016/">"Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard's caretaker and friend, Steve 'Sarge' Pfauth, 1945–2016"</a>. <i>The Underground Bunker</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Underground+Bunker&rft.atitle=Scientology+founder+L.+Ron+Hubbard%27s+caretaker+and+friend%2C+Steve+%27Sarge%27+Pfauth%2C+1945%E2%80%932016&rft.date=2016-07-11&rft.aulast=Ortega&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftonyortega.org%2F2016%2F07%2F11%2Fscientology-founder-l-ron-hubbards-caretaker-and-friend-steve-sarge-pfauth-1945-2016%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151123210135/http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/images/lrh-death-coroners-report-complete.pdf#page=1">"L. Ron Hubbard's death certificate and other documents"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xenu-directory.net/news/images/lrh-death-coroners-report-complete.pdf#page=1">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on November 23, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L.+Ron+Hubbard%27s+death+certificate+and+other+documents&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xenu-directory.net%2Fnews%2Fimages%2Flrh-death-coroners-report-complete.pdf%23page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autopsyfiles.org/reports/Other/hubbard,%20l.r._report.pdf">"Autopsy report and other death documents of L. Ron Hubbard"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>autopsyfiles.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=autopsyfiles.org&rft.atitle=Autopsy+report+and+other+death+documents+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.autopsyfiles.org%2Freports%2FOther%2Fhubbard%2C%2520l.r._report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindsey1986" class="citation news cs1">Lindsey, Robert (January 29, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/29/obituaries/l-ron-hubbard-dies-of-stroke-founder-of-church-of-scientology.html">"L. Ron Hubbard Dies of Stroke; Founder of Church of Scientology"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Ron Hubbard">Hubbard, L. Ron</a> (January 19, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121225003818/https://kraftmstr.com/lawsuit/1stAmendedPetitionfiled9-20-2012.pdf">"FO 3879 : The Sea Org & The Future"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Kraftmstr.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Flag_Order" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag Order">Flag Order</a>. International Scientology News. p. 14, Exhibit A. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kraftmstr.com/lawsuit/1stAmendedPetitionfiled9-20-2012.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on December 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kraftmstr.com&rft.atitle=FO+3879+%3A+The+Sea+Org+%26+The+Future&rft.pages=14%2C+Exhibit+A&rft.date=1986-01-19&rft.aulast=Hubbard&rft.aufirst=L.+Ron&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkraftmstr.com%2Flawsuit%2F1stAmendedPetitionfiled9-20-2012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorydonL._Ron_Hubbard,_Jr.1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bent_Corydon" title="Bent Corydon">Corydon, Bent</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ronald_DeWolf" title="Ronald DeWolf">L. Ron Hubbard, Jr.</a> (1987). <i><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard:_Messiah_or_Madman%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman?">L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman?</a></i>. Secaucus, New Jersey: Lyle Stuart. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8184-0444-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8184-0444-2"><bdi>0-8184-0444-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L.+Ron+Hubbard%3A+Messiah+or+Madman%3F&rft.place=Secaucus%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pub=Lyle+Stuart&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-8184-0444-2&rft.aulast=Corydon&rft.aufirst=Bent&rft.au=L.+Ron+Hubbard%2C+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Library/Shelf/corydon/Messiah_or_Madman.txt">convenience link</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiscavige1988" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Miscavige" title="David Miscavige">Miscavige, David</a> (April 18, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230818132448/https://myscientologyblogblog.files.wordpress.com/2017/03/canceled.pdf">"FO 3879, The Sea org & the Future, Cancelled"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Religious_Technology_Center" title="Religious Technology Center">Religious Technology Center</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://myscientologyblogblog.files.wordpress.com/2017/03/canceled.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on August 18, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FO+3879%2C+The+Sea+org+%26+the+Future%2C+Cancelled&rft.pub=Religious+Technology+Center&rft.date=1988-04-18&rft.aulast=Miscavige&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmyscientologyblogblog.files.wordpress.com%2F2017%2F03%2Fcanceled.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALife+of+L.+Ron+Hubbard+from+1975+to+1986" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&oldid=1249670434">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Life_of_L._Ron_Hubbard_from_1975_to_1986&oldid=1249670434</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:L._Ron_Hubbard_biographies" title="Category:L. 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