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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origine_della_locuzione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origine_della_locuzione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origine della locuzione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origine_della_locuzione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il_concetto_di_umorismo_nero_negli_Stati_Uniti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il_concetto_di_umorismo_nero_negli_Stati_Uniti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Il concetto di umorismo nero negli Stati Uniti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il_concetto_di_umorismo_nero_negli_Stati_Uniti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nel_cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nel_cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Nel cinema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nel_cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nella_televisione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nella_televisione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Nella televisione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nella_televisione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Umorismo nero</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 63 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galgehumor" title="Galgehumor - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Galgehumor" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="كوميديا سوداء - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوميديا سوداء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A9" title="كوميديا كحلة - arabo marocchino" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كوميديا كحلة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabo marocchino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humor_negro" title="Humor negro - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Humor negro" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qara_yumor" title="Qara yumor - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qara yumor" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Черна комедия - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Черна комедия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="তিক্ত হাস্যরসাত্মক সৃষ্টিকর্ম - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তিক্ত হাস্যরসাত্মক সৃষ্টিকর্ম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humor_negre" title="Humor negre - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Humor negre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%95%DB%95%D8%B4" title="کۆمیدیای ڕەش - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمیدیای ڕەش" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cern%C3%BD_humor" title="Černý humor - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Černý humor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedi_ddu" title="Comedi ddu - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Comedi ddu" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_humor" title="Sort humor - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sort humor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwarzer_Humor" title="Schwarzer Humor - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schwarzer Humor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CF%89%CE%BC%CF%89%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Μαύρη κωμωδία - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαύρη κωμωδία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Black comedy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigra_humuro" title="Nigra humuro - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nigra humuro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humor_negro" title="Humor negro - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Humor negro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Must_huumor" title="Must huumor - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Must huumor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umore_beltz" title="Umore beltz - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Umore beltz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%87" title="کمدی سیاه - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمدی سیاه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musta_huumori" title="Musta huumori - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Musta huumori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humour_noir" title="Humour noir - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Humour noir" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarte_humor" title="Swarte humor - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Swarte humor" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humor_negro" title="Humor negro - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Humor negro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pukar%C3%A3_tie%27%E1%BB%B9" title="Pukarã tie'ỹ - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pukarã tie'ỹ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="קומדיה שחורה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קומדיה שחורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crni_humor" title="Crni humor - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Crni humor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D6%87_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Սև հումոր - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սև հումոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komedi_gelap" title="Komedi gelap - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komedi gelap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svartur_h%C3%BAmor" title="Svartur húmor - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Svartur húmor" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="ブラックジョーク - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブラックジョーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="შავი იუმორი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შავი იუმორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D3%99%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB" title="Қара әзіл - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қара әзіл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B3_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A6" title="ಕರಾಳ ವಿನೋದ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕರಾಳ ವಿನೋದ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9E%99_%EC%BD%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94" title="블랙 코미디 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="블랙 코미디" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juodoji_komedija" title="Juodoji komedija - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Juodoji komedija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Црн хумор - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Црн хумор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komedi_gelap" title="Komedi gelap - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Komedi gelap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swart_Humor" title="Swart Humor - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Swart Humor" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwarte_humor" title="Zwarte humor - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zwarte humor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svart_humor" title="Svart humor - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Svart humor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czarny_humor" title="Czarny humor - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czarny humor" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humor_negro" title="Humor negro - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Humor negro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedie_neagr%C4%83" title="Comedie neagră - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Comedie neagră" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Чёрный юмор - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чёрный юмор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Чорный гумор - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Чорный гумор" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umorismu_nieddu" title="Umorismu nieddu - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Umorismu nieddu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crni_humor" title="Crni humor - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Crni humor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Black comedy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cierny_humor" title="Čierny humor - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Čierny humor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komedia_e_zez%C3%AB" title="Komedia e zezë - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Komedia e zezë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Црни хумор - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Црни хумор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svart_humor" title="Svart humor - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Svart humor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%94" title="สุขนาฏกรรมมืด - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สุขนาฏกรรมมืด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara_mizah" title="Kara mizah - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kara mizah" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Чорний гумор - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чорний гумор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%81_%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AD%DB%8C%DB%81_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%85" title="سیاہ مزاحیہ فلم - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیاہ مزاحیہ فلم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qora_yumor" title="Qora yumor - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qora yumor" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A0i_%C4%91en" title="Hài đen - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hài đen" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noere_riz%C3%AAye" title="Noere rizêye - vallone" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Noere rizêye" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130658281">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote.nota-disambigua{clear:both;margin-top:0;padding:.05em .5em}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint nota-disambigua"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/18px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/27px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/36px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Disambiguazione" title="Aiuto:Disambiguazione">Disambiguazione</a> – "Black comedy" rimanda qui. Se stai cercando l'opera teatrale, vedi <b><a href="/wiki/Black_Comedy_(opera_teatrale)" title="Black Comedy (opera teatrale)">Black Comedy (opera teatrale)</a></b>.</span></div> </div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hanged.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Hanged.jpg/220px-Hanged.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Hanged.jpg/330px-Hanged.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Hanged.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption>"Scendi da lì! I vicini stanno guardando!"</figcaption></figure> <p>L'espressione <b>umorismo nero</b> o <b>commedia nera</b> (in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglese" title="Lingua inglese">inglese</a> <span dir="ltr" lang="en"><i>black humor</i></span> o <i>black comedy</i>) si riferisce a un sottogenere dell'<a href="/wiki/Umorismo" title="Umorismo">umorismo</a> che tratta di eventi o argomenti generalmente considerati molto seri o addirittura <a href="/wiki/Tab%C3%B9" title="Tabù">tabù</a>, come la <a href="/wiki/Guerra" title="Guerra">guerra</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Morte" title="Morte">morte</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Violenza" title="Violenza">violenza</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Religione" title="Religione">religione</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Malattia" title="Malattia">malattia</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Disabilit%C3%A0" title="Disabilità">disabilità</a>, la diversità culturale, e diversi ambiti criminali o para-criminali come il <a href="/wiki/Terrorismo" title="Terrorismo">terrorismo</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Omicidio" title="Omicidio">omicidio</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Violenza_sessuale" title="Violenza sessuale">violenza sessuale</a> o la <a href="/wiki/Droga" title="Droga">droga</a>. </p><p>Sebbene l'umorismo nero possa apparire fine a sé stesso e avere l'unico scopo di causare l'ilarità attraverso la violazione di regole non scritte di <i>buon gusto</i>, esso è usato in <a href="/wiki/Letteratura" title="Letteratura">letteratura</a> e in altri campi, con l'intento di spingere l'ascoltatore a ragionare in modo serio su temi difficili. </p><p>L'umorismo nero si differenzia dal genere della <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blue_comedy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blue comedy (la pagina non esiste)">blue comedy</a></i>, che si concentra più su argomenti grezzi e volgari, come la <a href="/wiki/Nudit%C3%A0" title="Nudità">nudità</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Rapporto_sessuale" title="Rapporto sessuale">sesso</a> e i fluidi corporei. Anche se i due generi sono interdipendenti, l'umorismo nero si differenzia dalla semplice <a href="/wiki/Oscenit%C3%A0" title="Oscenità">oscenità</a> in quanto è più sottile e non ha necessariamente l'intenzione esplicita di offendere delle persone. Nell'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_osceno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umorismo osceno (la pagina non esiste)">umorismo osceno</a>, gran parte dell'elemento umoristico proviene da shock e repulsione, mentre la commedia nera include elementi di <a href="/wiki/Ironia" title="Ironia">ironia</a> e di <a href="/wiki/Fatalismo" title="Fatalismo">fatalismo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fra gli scrittori che si sono distinti per l'uso dell'umorismo nero, si possono citare fra gli altri <a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain" title="Mark Twain">Mark Twain</a> (famosa la battuta "Le voci sulla mia morte sono oltremodo esagerate"), <a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Swift" title="Jonathan Swift">Jonathan Swift</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Vonnegut" title="Kurt Vonnegut">Kurt Vonnegut</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">William Faulkner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Bierce" title="Ambrose Bierce">Ambrose Bierce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Luigi Pirandello</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pynchon" title="Thomas Pynchon">Thomas Pynchon</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a>. Al di fuori della letteratura esempi noti di umorismo nero sono le opere <a href="/wiki/Televisione" title="Televisione">televisive</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cinema" title="Cinema">cinematografiche</a> dei <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origine_della_locuzione">Origine della locuzione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Origine della locuzione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Origine della locuzione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La <a href="/wiki/Locuzione" title="Locuzione">locuzione</a> <i>umorismo nero</i> è stata coniata dal teorico del <a href="/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo">surrealismo</a> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a> nel 1935 (<a href="/wiki/Lingua_francese" title="Lingua francese">francese</a>: <i>humour noir</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Real05_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Real05-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GuardianBreton_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianBreton-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> per indicare un sottogenere della <a href="/wiki/Commedia" title="Commedia">commedia</a> e della <a href="/wiki/Satira" title="Satira">satira</a><sup id="cite_ref-Black_Humor_from_the_Columbia_Encyclopedia,_6th_Edition,_2008_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Black_Humor_from_the_Columbia_Encyclopedia,_6th_Edition,_2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Black_Humour,_The_Hutchinson_Encyclopedia_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Black_Humour,_The_Hutchinson_Encyclopedia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nel quale l'umorismo nasce dal <a href="/wiki/Cinismo" title="Cinismo">cinismo</a> e dallo <a href="/wiki/Scetticismo_metodologico" title="Scetticismo metodologico">scetticismo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Real05_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Real05-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BretonSwiftIntro_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BretonSwiftIntro-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> spesso in riferimento ad argomenti come la <a href="/wiki/Morte" title="Morte">morte</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Breton coniò la locuzione per il suo libro <i><a href="/wiki/Antologia_dello_humour_nero" title="Antologia dello humour nero">Antologia dello humour nero</a></i>, in cui accreditò <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Swift" title="Jonathan Swift">Jonathan Swift</a> come il creatore dell'umorismo nero e del <i><a href="/wiki/Gallows_humor" title="Gallows humor">gallows humor</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Real05_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Real05-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oltre ai brani di Swift, il libro contiene anche brani di 45 altri scrittori; tra questi Breton incluse sia esempi in cui l'umorismo nasce da una vittima con la quale il pubblico si immedesima (come sarebbe più tipico per il genere del <i><a href="/wiki/Gallows_humor" title="Gallows humor">gallows humor</a></i>), sia esempi in cui la commedia viene impostata sulla derisione della vittima, la cui sofferenza viene banalizzata e porta a simpatizzare con il carnefice - è ciò che avviene ad esempio nei racconti del <a href="/wiki/Marchese_de_Sade" title="Marchese de Sade">Marchese de Sade</a>, dove spesso la vittima è mostrata essere poco simpatica o attraente per il lettore. L'umorismo nero è legato al genere del <a href="/wiki/Film_grottesco" title="Film grottesco">grottesco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Breton identificò Swift come il creatore dell'umorismo nero e del <i>gallows humor</i> particolarmente per le sue opere <i><a href="/wiki/Una_modesta_proposta" title="Una modesta proposta">Una modesta proposta</a></i> (1729), <i>Directions to Servants</i> (1731), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Meditation_Upon_a_Broom-Stick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Meditation Upon a Broom-Stick (la pagina non esiste)">A Meditation Upon a Broom-Stick</a></i> (1710) e per alcuni suoi <a href="/wiki/Aforisma" title="Aforisma">aforismi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GuardianBreton_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GuardianBreton-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BretonSwiftIntro_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BretonSwiftIntro-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Talvolta vengono usate anche la locuzione <i>humour nero</i> e le <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglese" title="Lingua inglese">inglesi</a> <i>black comedy</i> e <i>dark comedy</i>, le ultime due entrambe traducibili, oltre che come "comicità nera", anche come "<i>commedia nera</i>", di cui è un notevole esempio <i><a href="/wiki/Il_mercante_di_Venezia" title="Il mercante di Venezia">Il mercante di Venezia</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Il_concetto_di_umorismo_nero_negli_Stati_Uniti">Il concetto di umorismo nero negli Stati Uniti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Il concetto di umorismo nero negli Stati Uniti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Il concetto di umorismo nero negli Stati Uniti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il concetto di umorismo nero fu importato negli Stati Uniti da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Jay_Friedman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruce Jay Friedman (la pagina non esiste)">Bruce Jay Friedman</a> grazie alla sua antologia intitolata <i>Black Humor</i>. In essa Friedman include sotto il genere dell'umorismo nero autori e opere molto diversi. La sua etichettatura venne alla ribalta negli anni 1950 e 1960. </p><p>Nel 1965 è stato pubblicato un libro tascabile per il mercato di massa intitolato <i>Black Humor</i>. Questo contiene il lavoro di una miriade di autori, sia americani che europei, che comprendono <a href="/wiki/J._P._Donleavy" title="J. P. Donleavy">J. P. Donleavy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Albee" title="Edward Albee">Edward Albee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Heller" title="Joseph Heller">Joseph Heller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pynchon" title="Thomas Pynchon">Thomas Pynchon</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Barth" title="John Barth">John Barth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Nabokov" title="Vladimir Nabokov">Vladimir Nabokov</a>, Bruce Jay Friedman stesso, e <a href="/wiki/Louis-Ferdinand_C%C3%A9line" title="Louis-Ferdinand Céline">Louis-Ferdinand Céline</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dark_Humor_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dark_Humor-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il libro fu una delle prime antologie americane dedicate al concetto di umorismo nero come genere letterario; la sua pubblicazione suscitò un vasto interesse nazionale nei confronti dell'umorismo nero.<sup id="cite_ref-Freud_1927_Humor_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freud_1927_Humor-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tra gli scrittori etichettati come umoristi neri da giornalisti e critici letterari vi sono <a href="/wiki/Roald_Dahl" title="Roald Dahl">Roald Dahl</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thomas Pynchon, <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Vonnegut" title="Kurt Vonnegut">Kurt Vonnegut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warren_Zevon" title="Warren Zevon">Warren Zevon</a>, John Barth, Joseph Heller e <a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Black_Humor_from_the_Columbia_Encyclopedia,_6th_Edition,_2008_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Black_Humor_from_the_Columbia_Encyclopedia,_6th_Edition,_2008-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il motivo per applicare l'etichetta di umorista nero per tutti gli scrittori sopra citati è che hanno scritto romanzi, poesie, racconti, opere teatrali e canzoni in cui eventi profondi e terribili vengono ritratti in maniera comica. </p><p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554517">.mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:#ffeaea;color:#444444}.mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#EE0700}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}</style><span class="chiarimento" title="Queste informazioni non sono comprovate da fonti attendibili.">I comici che fino ai tardi anni cinquanta erano etichettati sotto il genere della sick comedy ("comicità malata") dai giornalisti principali, come nel caso di Lenny Bruce, sono stati inclusi anch'essi nel genere commedia nera. Dopo Lenny Bruce, altri che sono stati inclusi in quel genere sono stati: Sam Kinison, Richard Pryor, George Carlin, Bill Hicks, Jimmy Carr, Frankie Boyle, Chris Morris, i Monty Python, Louis C.K., Christopher Titus, Daniel Tosh, Doug Stanhope, Jeff Dunham, Dane Cook, Ricky Gervais e Anthony Jeselnik.</span><sup class="noprint chiarimento-apice" title="Queste informazioni non sono comprovate da fonti attendibili.">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Uso_delle_fonti" title="Wikipedia:Uso delle fonti">senza fonte</a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nel_cinema">Nel cinema</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Nel cinema" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Nel cinema"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Essendo il black humor una tipica caratteristica britannica, è all'interno di <a href="/wiki/Cinema_britannico" title="Cinema britannico">questo cinema</a> che troviamo il prototipo della black comedy, <i><a href="/wiki/La_signora_omicidi" title="La signora omicidi">La signora omicidi</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mackendrick" title="Alexander Mackendrick">Alexander Mackendrick</a>. Altro fulgido esempio del genere è <i><a href="/wiki/Il_caro_estinto" title="Il caro estinto">Il caro estinto</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson_(regista)" title="Tony Richardson (regista)">Tony Richardson</a>. Anche <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a>, una volta trasferitosi in Inghilterra, si cimentò nel genere con <i><a href="/wiki/Il_dottor_Stranamore_-_Ovvero:_come_ho_imparato_a_non_preoccuparmi_e_ad_amare_la_bomba" title="Il dottor Stranamore - Ovvero: come ho imparato a non preoccuparmi e ad amare la bomba">Il dottor Stranamore</a></i>. Un capolavoro dell'umorismo nero nel cinema è rappresentato dalla scena finale del film <i><a href="/wiki/Brian_di_Nazareth" title="Brian di Nazareth">Brian di Nazareth</a></i> dei <a href="/wiki/Monty_Python" title="Monty Python">Monty Python</a>, in cui Brian ed altri condannati a morte per <a href="/wiki/Crocifissione" title="Crocifissione">crocifissione</a> cantano e fischiano un'allegra melodia centrata intorno alla morte, intitolata <i><a href="/wiki/Always_Look_on_the_Bright_Side_of_Life" title="Always Look on the Bright Side of Life">Always Look on the Bright Side of Life</a></i> ("Guarda sempre il lato positivo della vita"); altri film recenti del genere sono <i><a href="/wiki/Svegliati_Ned" title="Svegliati Ned">Svegliati Ned</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/Kirk_Jones" title="Kirk Jones">Kirk Jones</a> e <i><a href="/wiki/Funeral_Party" title="Funeral Party">Funeral Party</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/Frank_Oz" title="Frank Oz">Frank Oz</a>. </p><p>Sul versante americano vanno assolutamente citati come capostipiti <i><a href="/wiki/Arsenico_e_vecchi_merletti" title="Arsenico e vecchi merletti">Arsenico e vecchi merletti</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> e il cinema di <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a>, i cui film, non solo le commedie, sono costellati di humor nero. In tempi più recenti, a parte la commediola adolescenziale <i><a href="/wiki/Weekend_con_il_morto" title="Weekend con il morto">Weekend con il morto</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kotcheff" title="Ted Kotcheff">Ted Kotcheff</a>, un tipico esempio di humor nero è rappresentato da <i><a href="/wiki/L%27onore_dei_Prizzi" title="L'onore dei Prizzi">L'onore dei Prizzi</a></i> o da registi come <a href="/wiki/Danny_DeVito" title="Danny DeVito">Danny DeVito</a> con <i><a href="/wiki/Getta_la_mamma_dal_treno" title="Getta la mamma dal treno">Getta la mamma dal treno</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/La_guerra_dei_Roses" title="La guerra dei Roses">La guerra dei Roses</a>,</i> il <a href="/wiki/John_Waters_(regista_1946)" title="John Waters (regista 1946)">John Waters</a> degli anni '90 con <i><a href="/wiki/La_signora_ammazzatutti" title="La signora ammazzatutti">La signora ammazzatutti</a></i> e ancora <a href="/wiki/David_Mamet" title="David Mamet">David Mamet</a> con <i><a href="/wiki/La_casa_dei_giochi" title="La casa dei giochi">La casa dei giochi</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/Le_cose_cambiano_(film)" title="Le cose cambiano (film)">Le cose cambiano</a>,</i> tra i massimi rappresentanti del genere. Non vanno altresì dimenticate alcune opere di <a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> quali <i><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(film)" title="M*A*S*H (film)">M*A*S*H</a></i> e <i><a href="/wiki/I_protagonisti_(film_1992)" title="I protagonisti (film 1992)">I Protagonisti</a></i>. </p><p>Altri registi che hanno realizzato molte opere classificabili come humor nero sono <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> e <a href="/wiki/Marco_Ferreri" title="Marco Ferreri">Marco Ferreri</a>, mentre in tempi più recenti va segnalato <a href="/wiki/%C3%81lex_de_la_Iglesia" title="Álex de la Iglesia">Álex de la Iglesia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nella_televisione">Nella televisione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Nella televisione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Nella televisione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un esempio di <a href="/wiki/Situation_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Situation comedy">sitcom</a> che è anche incentrata sull'umorismo nero è la <a href="/wiki/Serie_televisiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Serie televisiva">serie televisiva</a> <i><a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(serie_televisiva)" title="M*A*S*H (serie televisiva)">M*A*S*H</a></i>, che, come <a href="/wiki/M*A*S*H_(film)" title="M*A*S*H (film)">la versione cinematografica</a> che l'ha ispirata, considera la <a href="/wiki/Guerra_di_Corea" title="Guerra di Corea">Guerra di Corea</a> come un soggetto da commedia nera; ad esempio, vengono deliberatamente inserite delle <a href="/wiki/Risate_registrate" title="Risate registrate">risate preregistrate</a> durante le sequenze sulla sala operatoria, e molti degli episodi evidenziano l'assurdità di molte situazioni di combattimento, anche in sequenze in cui i personaggi sono sotto fuoco ostile. </p><p>La serie televisiva <i>Wilfred</i>, sia nella <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfred_(serie_televisiva_2007)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilfred (serie televisiva 2007) (la pagina non esiste)">versione australiana</a> che in quella <a href="/wiki/Wilfred_(serie_televisiva_2011)" title="Wilfred (serie televisiva 2011)">statunitense</a>, è un altro esempio di umorismo nero. In entrambe le versioni il protagonista sta combattendo una forma di malattia mentale (presumibilmente schizofrenia), tema serio, e tuttavia in tale condizione comunica comicamente con un cane che immagina nella sua mente e che ovviamente nessun altro può ascoltare. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Louie_(serie_televisiva)" title="Louie (serie televisiva)">Louie</a></i>, serie scritta, diretta, curata da e con protagonista <a href="/wiki/Louis_C.K." title="Louis C.K.">Louis C.K.</a>, è diventato uno degli esempi televisivi di umorismo nero più acclamati dalla critica. Lo show trae gran parte del suo umorismo da situazioni scomode, come quelle in cui Louie interagisce con donne emotivamente instabili o sconosciuti malevoli. In un episodio in particolare, Louie acquista un cane solo per vederlo morire subito dopo l'arrivo a casa sua. </p><p>Esempi di umorismo nero si trovano nelle serie <i><a href="/wiki/I_Griffin" title="I Griffin">I Griffin</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/South_Park" title="South Park">South Park</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/I_Simpson" title="I Simpson">I Simpson</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Tree_Friends" title="Happy Tree Friends">Happy Tree Friends</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rick_and_Morty" title="Rick and Morty">Rick and Morty</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/BoJack_Horseman" title="BoJack Horseman">BoJack Horseman</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Big_Mouth" title="Big Mouth">Big Mouth</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_(serie_televisiva_2011)" title="Wilfred (serie televisiva 2011)">Wilfred</a></i> e nel personaggio del dr. <a href="/wiki/Gregory_House" title="Gregory House">Gregory House</a>, della serie <i><a href="/wiki/Dr._House_-_Medical_Division" title="Dr. House - Medical Division">Dr. House - Medical Division</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Si veda ad esempio un episodio della storia di Tristram nel romanzo inglese <i><a href="/wiki/Vita_e_opinioni_di_Tristram_Shandy,_gentiluomo" title="Vita e opinioni di Tristram Shandy, gentiluomo">Tristram Shandy</a></i>, in cui compare l'<a href="/wiki/Archetipo" title="Archetipo">archetipo</a> <i>black comedy</i> dell'automutilazione. Tristram, all'epoca di cinque anni, inizia ad urinare fuori da una finestra aperta per mancanza di un vaso da notte. Il battente cade e lo circoncide; la sua famiglia reagisce con azioni caotiche e digressioni filosofiche.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Pirandello scrisse il saggio <i>L'umorismo</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Real05-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Real05_3-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Real05_3-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Real05_3-2">c</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Real, Hermann Josef (2005) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.es/books?id=L7jEg8rQZoUC">The reception of Jonathan Swift in Europe</a>, p.90: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139517313">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione{margin-bottom:.5em;font-size:95%;padding-left:2.4em;padding-right:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia{display:flex;gap:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia>div{width:0;flex:1 1 0}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-footer{padding:0 1.2em 0 0;margin:0}</style><div class="itwiki-template-citazione"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione-doppia"> <div>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <p>«At least, Swift's text is preserved, and so is a prefactory note by the French writer André Breton, which emphasizes Swift's importance as the originator of black humor, of laughter that arises from cynicism and scepticism.» </p> </div> <div>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="italiano">IT</abbr></span>) <p>«[...] il testo di Swift è conservato, così come la sua nota di prefazione scritta dallo scrittore francese André Breton, che sottolinea l'importanza di Swift come il creatore dell'umorismo nero, della risata che nasce dal cinismo e dallo scetticismo.» </p> </div></div></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardianBreton-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-GuardianBreton_4-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-GuardianBreton_4-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Lezard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Lezard (la pagina non esiste)">Nicholas Lezard</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2009/feb/21/anthology-of-black-humour"><span style="font-style:italic;">From the sublime to the surreal</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The Guardian</span>, London, 21 febbraio 2009.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Black_Humor_from_the_Columbia_Encyclopedia,_6th_Edition,_2008-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Black_Humor_from_the_Columbia_Encyclopedia,_6th_Edition,_2008_5-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-Black_Humor_from_the_Columbia_Encyclopedia,_6th_Edition,_2008_5-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/black-humor"><span style="font-style:italic;">black humor | Encyclopedia.com</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">www.encyclopedia.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Black_Humour,_The_Hutchinson_Encyclopedia-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Black_Humour,_The_Hutchinson_Encyclopedia_6-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511105047/http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/black+humor"><span style="font-style:italic;">black humor - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about black humor</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">encyclopedia.farlex.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 giugno 2010</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/black+humor">url originale</abbr> l'11 maggio 2011)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BretonSwiftIntro-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-BretonSwiftIntro_7-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-BretonSwiftIntro_7-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Introduzione di <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a> a Swift nell'<i><a href="/wiki/Antologia_dello_humour_nero" title="Antologia dello humour nero">Antologia dello humour nero</a></i>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139517313"><div class="itwiki-template-citazione"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione-doppia"> <div>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <p>«When it comes to black humor, everything designates him as the true initiator. In fact, it is impossible to coordinate the fugitive traces of this kind of humor before him, not even in Heraclitus and the Cynics or in the works of Elizabethan dramatic poets. [...] historically justify his being presented as the first black humorist. Contrary to what Voltaire might have said, Swift was in no sense a "perfected Rabelais." He shared to the smallest possible degree Rabelais's taste for innocent, heavy-handed jokes and his constant drunken good humor. [...] a man who grasped things by reason and never by feeling, and who enclosed himself in skepticism; [...] Swift can rightfully be considered the inventor of "savage" or "gallows" humor.» </p> </div> <div>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="italiano">IT</abbr></span>) <p>«Quando si parla di umorismo nero, tutto lo indica come il vero iniziatore. In realtà, è impossibile coordinare le tracce diffuse di questo tipo di umorismo prima di lui, nemmeno in Eraclito e i Cinici o nelle opere dei poeti drammatici elisabettiani. [...] storicamente giustifica il suo essere presentato come il primo umorista nero. Contrariamente a quanto avrebbe detto Voltaire, Swift non era in alcun modo un "Rabelais perfezionato". Ha condiviso solo al più piccolo grado possibile il gusto di Rabelais per gli innocenti scherzi a mano pesante e per il suo costante buon umore ubriaco. [...] un uomo che ha afferrato le cose con la ragione e non col sentimento, e che si è chiuso nello scetticismo; [...] Swift può a buon diritto essere considerato l'inventore dell'umorismo "selvaggio" o "del patibolo".» </p> </div></div></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Leclair (1975) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=589E4DCAE3AB2134D7AA2D9EBD790497.inst3_3a?docId=95258188"><i>Death and Black Humor</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230118125110/https://www.gale.com/databases/questia?docId=95258188">Archiviato</a> il 18 gennaio 2023 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>. in <i>Critique</i>, Vol. 17, 1975</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> W. Woodin Rowe, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_slavic-and-east-european-journal_winter-1974_18_4/page/392"><span style="font-style:italic;">Observations on Black Humor in Gogol' and Nabokov</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The Slavic and East European Journal</span>, vol. 18, n. 4, 1974, pp. 392-399, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/306869">306869</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Merhi, Vanessa M. (2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gradworks.umi.com/32/40/3240247.html"><i>Distortion as identity from the grotesque to l'humour noir</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dark_Humor-11"><a href="#cite_ref-Dark_Humor_11-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Harold Bloom e Blake Hobby, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Vf6nC8XKWsC&pg=PA80&hl=it"><span style="font-style:italic;">Dark Humor</span></a>, Infobase Publishing, 2010, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-4381-3102-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-4381-3102-3">978-1-4381-3102-3</a>. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Freud_1927_Humor-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Freud_1927_Humor_12-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Freud (1927) <i>Humor</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Harold Bloom e Blake Hobby, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Vf6nC8XKWsC&pg=PA80&hl=it"><span style="font-style:italic;">Dark Humor</span></a>, Infobase Publishing, 2010, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-4381-3102-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-4381-3102-3">978-1-4381-3102-3</a>. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">James Carter <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=IQDVsfeTHeAC&pg=RA1-PA97&dq=roald+dahl+black+humour&hl=en&ei=3QgOTeqfIuiAhAel4ICqDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CE8Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=roald%20dahl%20black%20humour&f=false">Talking Books: Children's Authors Talk About the Craft, Creativity and Process of Writing, Volume 2</a> p.97 Routledge, 2002</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Antologia_dello_humour_nero" title="Antologia dello humour nero">Antologia dello humour nero</a></i>, Einaudi, 1970.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umorismo" title="Umorismo">Umorismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallows_humor" title="Gallows humor">Gallows humor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politicamente_corretto" class="mw-redirect" title="Politicamente corretto">Politicamente corretto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umorismo_britannico" title="Umorismo britannico">Umorismo britannico</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umorismo_nero&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; 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