CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Codex Athous Lavrensis - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"98454e62-0dfe-461e-9739-37d60329609f","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Codex_Athous_Lavrensis","wgTitle":"Codex Athous Lavrensis","wgCurRevisionId":1221223115,"wgRevisionId":1221223115,"wgArticleId":18062770,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text","Greek New Testament uncials","9th-century biblical manuscripts","Athos manuscripts","Great Lavra"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Codex_Athous_Lavrensis","wgRelevantArticleId":18062770,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable": true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1105879","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging", "ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Codex Athous Lavrensis - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Codex_Athous_Lavrensis rootpage-Codex_Athous_Lavrensis skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Codex+Athous+Lavrensis" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Codex+Athous+Lavrensis" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Codex+Athous+Lavrensis" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Codex+Athous+Lavrensis" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Textual_variants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Textual_variants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Textual variants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Textual_variants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Codex Athous Lavrensis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Laurensis" title="Codex Athous Laurensis – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Codex Athous Laurensis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dice_Athos_Laurence" title="Códice Athos Laurence – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Códice Athos Laurence" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrentis" title="Codex Athous Lavrentis – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Codex Athous Lavrentis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" title="Codex Athous Lavrensis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Codex Athous Lavrensis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" title="Codex Athous Lavrensis – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Codex Athous Lavrensis" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Laurensis" title="Codex Athous Laurensis – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Codex Athous Laurensis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodeks_Athous_Lavrensis" title="Kodeks Athous Lavrensis – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kodeks Athous Lavrensis" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" title="Codex Athous Lavrensis – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Codex Athous Lavrensis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Афонский кодекс Великой Лавры – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Афонский кодекс Великой Лавры" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Атонски кодекс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Атонски кодекс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1105879#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&oldid=1221223115" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&id=1221223115&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCodex_Athous_Lavrensis"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCodex_Athous_Lavrensis"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1105879" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">New Testament manuscript</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Uncial <b>044</b></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><b><a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#New_Testament_manuscripts" title="Biblical manuscript">New Testament manuscript</a></b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Name</th><td class="infobox-data">Athous Laurae</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sign</th><td class="infobox-data">Ψ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Text</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pauline_epistles" title="Pauline epistles">Pauline epistles</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="General Epistles">General Epistles</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">8th/9th century</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Script</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Found</th><td class="infobox-data">1886 Gregory</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Now at</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Athos" title="Mount Athos">Athos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">21 x 15.3 cm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">mixed; <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_text-type" title="Alexandrian text-type">Alexandrian</a> / Byzantine</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts" title="Categories of New Testament manuscripts">Category</a></th><td class="infobox-data">III/II</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Note</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marginalia" title="Marginalia">marginalia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Codex Athous Laurae</b>, designated by <b>Ψ</b> or <b>044</b> (in the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#Gregory-Aland" title="Biblical manuscript">Gregory-Aland</a> numbering of <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> manuscripts), or δ 6 (in the <a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript#Von_Soden" title="Biblical manuscript">von Soden</a> numbering of New Testament Manuscripts), is a <a href="/wiki/Manuscript" title="Manuscript">manuscript</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> written in Greek <a href="/wiki/Uncial_script" title="Uncial script">uncial</a> letters on <a href="/wiki/Parchment" title="Parchment">parchment</a>. The manuscript has <a href="/wiki/Lacuna_(manuscript)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacuna (manuscript)">many gaps</a> in the text, as well as containing handwritten notes (known as <a href="/wiki/Marginalia" title="Marginalia">marginalia</a>). Using the study of comparative writing styles (<a href="/wiki/Palaeography" title="Palaeography">palaeographically</a>), the codex is dated to the 8th or 9th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The codex is currently kept in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lavra" title="Great Lavra">Great Lavra</a> monastery (B' 52) on the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Athos" title="Mount Athos">Athos</a> peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The manuscript is a <a href="/wiki/Codex" title="Codex">codex</a> (precursor to the modern book), containing 261 <a href="/wiki/Parchment" title="Parchment">parchment</a> leaves, which measure 21 by 15.3 centimetres (8.3 by 6.0 in),<sup id="cite_ref-INTF_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INTF-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the text-block being 15 by 8.7 centimetres (5.9 by 3.4 in).<sup id="cite_ref-tfma_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tfma-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The text is written in small <a href="/wiki/Uncial" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncial">uncial</a> letters, in one column of 31 lines per page.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These letters have <a href="/wiki/Greek_diacritics" title="Greek diacritics">breathings</a> (utilised to designate vowel emphasis) and <a href="/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)" title="Stress (linguistics)">accents</a> (used to indicate voiced pitch changes).<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The codex contains a table of contents ("<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κεφαλαια</span></span>" / <i>kephalaia</i>) before each book, the Ammonian Sections and <a href="/wiki/Eusebian_Canons" title="Eusebian Canons">Eusebian Canons</a> (an early system of dividing the four Gospels into different sections), lectionary notes in the margin (for liturgical use), musical notes (<a href="/wiki/Neume" title="Neume">neumes</a>), and subscriptions.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered one of the oldest manuscripts with musical notes. </p> <dl><dt>Textual overview</dt></dl> <p>The codex originally contained the entire <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> except for the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a>, with several <a href="/wiki/Lacuna_(manuscripts)" title="Lacuna (manuscripts)">gaps</a> at both the beginning and end. The <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Gospel of Matthew</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Gospel of Mark</a> 1:1-9:4,<sup id="cite_ref-tocps_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tocps-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and one leaf from the <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Hebrews" title="Epistle to the Hebrews">Hebrews</a> with text 8:11-9:19 have subsequently been lost. </p><p>The order of the codex's books are as follows: </p> <ul><li>the four <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospels</a></li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts of the Apostles</a></li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/General_epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="General epistles">General epistles</a></li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/Pauline_epistles" title="Pauline epistles">Pauline epistles</a></li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/General_epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="General epistles">General epistles</a> are in an unusual order (1-2 Peter, James, 1-3 John, and Jude; James usually comes before 1 Peter). There is also a shorter ending to the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Gospel of Mark</a> before the longer version.<sup id="cite_ref-tocps_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tocps-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is similar to the ending found in other Greek New Testament manuscripts, such as <a href="/wiki/Codex_Regius_(New_Testament)" title="Codex Regius (New Testament)">Codex Regius</a> and all other Greek codices in which the general epistles appear.<sup id="cite_ref-tocps_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tocps-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Metzger_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metzger-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 84–85">: 84–85 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The manuscript was seen by biblical scholar <a href="/wiki/Caspar_Ren%C3%A9_Gregory" title="Caspar René Gregory">C. R. Gregory</a> on August 26, 1886. He described it as the first of its kind. In 1892, the biblical scholar <a href="/wiki/J._Rendel_Harris" title="J. Rendel Harris">J. Rendel Harris</a> did not examine the codex even though he was on a visit to Mount Athos, as he was only inspecting the <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a> (an early Greek translation of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a>) manuscripts there. Von Goltz and <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> theologian Georg Wobbermin had collated the text of Acts, the general epistles, and Pauline epistles for biblical scholar <a href="/wiki/Hermann,_Freiherr_von_Soden" title="Hermann, Freiherr von Soden">Hermann von Soden</a>. The codex was examined by biblical scholar <a href="/wiki/Kirsopp_Lake" title="Kirsopp Lake">Kirsopp Lake</a> in 1899, who thoroughly examined the Gospel of Mark and collated the text of the gospels of Luke and John. He did not examine the text of Acts and the epistles because, according to Soden, their text was ordinary. In 1903, Lake published the text of the Gospel of Mark 9:5-16:20, and a collation of the gospels of Luke, John, and the <a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Colossians" title="Epistle to the Colossians">Epistle to the Colossians</a> in <i>Studia Biblica et Ecclesiastica</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-tfma_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tfma-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Textual_variants">Textual variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Textual variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Greek text of this <a href="/wiki/Codex" title="Codex">codex</a> is described as representative of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_text-type" title="Byzantine text-type">Byzantine text-type</a>, but with a large portion of <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_text-type" title="Alexandrian text-type">Alexandrian</a> readings, as well as some <a href="/wiki/Western_text-type" title="Western text-type">Western</a> readings.<sup id="cite_ref-tocps_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tocps-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 291–292">: 291–292 </span></sup> The text-types are groups of different manuscripts which share specific or generally related readings, which then differ from each other group, and thus the conflicting readings can separate out the groups, which are then used to determine the original text as published; there are three main groups with names: <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_text-type" title="Alexandrian text-type">Alexandrian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_text-type" title="Western text-type">Western</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_text-type" title="Byzantine text-type">Byzantine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Metzger_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metzger-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 205–230">: 205–230 </span></sup> </p><p>Despite being an unusually mixed text, Von Soden lists it as generally Alexandrian due to the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Gospel of Mark</a> and the <a href="/wiki/General_Epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="General Epistles">General Epistles</a> being mostly in-line with the <a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_text-type" title="Alexandrian text-type">Alexandrian text-type</a>. In the Gospel of Luke and John, the Byzantine element is predominate, but with a larger proportion of Alexandrian readings than in <a href="/wiki/Codex_Sangallensis_48" title="Codex Sangallensis 48">Codex Sangallensis 48</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Metzger_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metzger-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 84–85">: 84–85 </span></sup> The text of the General Epistles appeared to be the same type as found in <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">Codex Alexandrinus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">Minuscule 33</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">Minuscule 81</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_436" title="Minuscule 436">Minuscule 436</a>. Biblical scholar <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Kurt Aland</a> placed the text of the codex in <a href="/wiki/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts#Category_III" title="Categories of New Testament manuscripts">Category III</a> in the Gospels, Acts, Pauline Epistles, and its text of the <a href="/wiki/General_Epistles" class="mw-redirect" title="General Epistles">General Epistles</a> in <a href="/wiki/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts#Category_II" title="Categories of New Testament manuscripts">Category II</a> of his New Testament manuscript text classification system.<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Category III manuscripts are described as having "a small but not a negligible proportion of early readings, with a considerable encroachment of [Byzantine] readings, and significant readings from other sources as yet unidentified",<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 335">: 335 </span></sup> and Category II manuscripts as those "of a special quality, i.e., manuscripts with a considerable proportion of the early text, but which are marked by alien influences. These influences are usually of smoother, improved readings, and in later periods by infiltration by the Byzantine text."<sup id="cite_ref-Aland_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 335">: 335 </span></sup> </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark%2011:26&version=nrsv">Mark 11:26</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark%2015:28&version=nrsv">Mark 15:28</a>, along with <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%207:53–8:11&version=nrsv">John 7:53–8:11</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Jesus_and_the_woman_taken_in_adultery" title="Jesus and the woman taken in adultery">Pericope Adulterae</a>), are omitted.<sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 273">: 273 </span></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Some textual variants</dt></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark%209:49&version=nrsv">Mark 9:49</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">καὶ πᾶσα θυσία ἀναλωθήσεται</span></span> (<i>and every sacrifice shall be consumed</i>) - <b>Ψ</b></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">καὶ πᾶσα θυσία ἁλὶ ἁλισθήσεται</span></span> (<i>and every sacrifice salted with salt</i>) - Majority of manuscripts</dd> <dd>omit. - <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Regius_(New_Testament)" title="Codex Regius (New Testament)">L</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Sangallensis_48" title="Codex Sangallensis 48">Δ</a> 0274 <a href="/wiki/Family_1" title="Family 1">ƒ<sup>1</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Family_13" title="Family 13">ƒ<sup>13</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_28" title="Minuscule 28">28</a>* <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_700" title="Minuscule 700">700</a> <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#Old_Syriac_versionc" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy<sup>s</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Sahidic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">sa</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a><sup>pt</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 121">: 121 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark%2010:7&version=nrsv">Mark 10:7</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">καὶ προσκολληθήσεται πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ</span></span> (<i>and be joined to his wife</i>) <dl><dd>omit. – <b>Ψ</b> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎ <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_892" title="Minuscule 892">892</a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_48" title="Lectionary 48"><b>ℓ</b> <i>48</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#Old_Syriac_versionc" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy<sup>s</sup></a> goth</dd> <dd>incl. - Majority of manuscripts<sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 164">: 164 </span></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark%2010:19&version=nrsv">Mark 10:19</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">μὴ ἀποστερήσῃς</span></span> (<i>do not defraud</i>) <dl><dd>omit. - <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a><sup>*</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Cyprius" title="Codex Cyprius">K</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Washingtonianus" title="Codex Washingtonianus">W</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Sangallensis_48" title="Codex Sangallensis 48">Δ</a> <a href="/wiki/Family_1" title="Family 1">ƒ<sup>1</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Family_13" title="Family 13">ƒ<sup>13</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_28" title="Minuscule 28">28</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_579" title="Minuscule 579">579</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_700" title="Minuscule 700">700</a> 1010 1079 1242 1546 2148 <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_10" title="Lectionary 10"><b>ℓ</b> <i>10</i></a> <b>ℓ</b> <i>950</i> <b>ℓ</b> <i>1642</i> <b>ℓ</b> <i>1761</i> <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#Old_Syriac_versionc" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy<sup>s</sup></a> arm geo</dd> <dd>incl. - <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a><sup>c2</sup> Majority of manuscripts<sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 165">: 165 </span></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%209:35&version=nrsv">Luke 9:35</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὁ ἀγαπητός ἐν ᾧ εὐδόκησα</span></span> (<i>the beloved, in Whom I am well pleased</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a><sup>3</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">D</a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_19" title="Lectionary 19"><b>ℓ</b> <i>19</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_31" title="Lectionary 31"><b>ℓ</b> <i>31</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_47" title="Lectionary 47"><b>ℓ</b> <i>47</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_48" title="Lectionary 48"><b>ℓ</b> <i>48</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_49" title="Lectionary 49"><b>ℓ</b> <i>49</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_49" title="Lectionary 49"><b>ℓ</b> <i>49</i></a><sup>m</sup> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_183" title="Lectionary 183"><b>ℓ</b> <i>183</i></a> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_183" title="Lectionary 183"><b>ℓ</b> <i>183</i></a><sup>m</sup> <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_211" title="Lectionary 211"><b>ℓ</b> <i>211</i></a><sup>m</sup></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὁ ἐκλελεγμένος</span></span> (<i>the chosen</i>) – <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_45" title="Papyrus 45">𝔓<sup>45</sup></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_75" title="Papyrus 75">𝔓<sup>75</sup></a></span> <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Regius_(New_Testament)" title="Codex Regius (New Testament)">L</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Zacynthius" title="Codex Zacynthius">Ξ</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_892" title="Minuscule 892">892</a> 1241</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὁ ἀγαπητός</span></span> (<i>the beloved</i>) – Majority of manuscripts<sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 246">: 246 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2020:31&version=nrsv">John 20:31</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ζωὴν αἰώνιον</span></span> (<i>eternal life</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎ <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a><sup>(*)</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">D</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Regius_(New_Testament)" title="Codex Regius (New Testament)">L</a> <a href="/wiki/Uncial_0100" title="Uncial 0100">0100</a> <a href="/wiki/Family_13" title="Family 13">ƒ<sup>13</sup></a> it <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg<sup>mss</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">sy<sup>p</sup></a><a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#MLater_Syriac_versions" title="Syriac versions of the Bible"><sup>, h**</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Sahidic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">sa</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ζωὴν</span></span> (<i>eternal life</i>) - Majority of manuscripts<sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 317">: 317 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%2012:25&version=nrsv">Acts 12:25</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀπὸ Ἰερουσαλὴμ</span></span> (<i>from Jerusalem</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">D</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_181" title="Minuscule 181">181</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_436" title="Minuscule 436">436</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_614" title="Minuscule 614">614</a> 2412 <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_147" title="Lectionary 147"><b>ℓ</b> <i>147</i></a> <b>ℓ</b> <i>809</i> <b>ℓ</b> <i>1021</i> <b>ℓ</b> <i>1141</i> <b>ℓ</b> <i>1364</i> <b>ℓ</b> <i>1439</i> ar <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">d</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Gigas" title="Codex Gigas">gig</a> <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">Chrysostom</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ</span></span> (<i>to Jerusalem</i>) – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎ <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Mutinensis" title="Codex Mutinensis">H</a> L P <a href="/wiki/Uncial_049" title="Uncial 049">049</a> <a href="/wiki/Uncial_056" title="Uncial 056">056</a> <a href="/wiki/Uncial_0142" title="Uncial 0142">0142</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_88" title="Minuscule 88">88</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_326" title="Minuscule 326">326</a> 330 451 629 1241 1505 1877 2492 2495 Majority of manuscripts Lect</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐξ Ἰερουσαλὴμ</span></span> (<i>from Jerusalem</i>) – <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">𝔓<sup>74</sup></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_69" title="Minuscule 69">69</a> 630 2127</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν</span></span> (<i>to Antioch</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_97" title="Minuscule 97">97<sup>mg</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_110" title="Minuscule 110">110</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_328" title="Minuscule 328">328</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_424" title="Minuscule 424">424<sup>mg</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_425" title="Minuscule 425">425<sup>c</sup></a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">εἰς τὴν Ἀντιόχειαν</span></span> (<i>to Antioch</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Lectionary_38" title="Lectionary 38"><b>ℓ</b> <i>38</i></a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀπὸ Ἰερουσαλὴμ εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν</span></span> (<i>from Jerusalem to Antioch</i>) – E 322 323</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ἐξ Ἰερουσαλὴμ εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν</span></span> (<i>from Jerusalem to Antioch</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_429" title="Minuscule 429">429</a> 945 1739 e p <a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">sy<sup>p</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Sahidic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">sa</a> geo</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν</span></span> (<i>to Jerusalem to Antioch</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Sahidic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">sa</a><sup>mss</sup><sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 357">: 357 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%2015:23&version=nrsv">Acts 15:23</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γράψαντης ἐπιστολήν διὰ χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἔχουσαν τὸν τύπον τοῦτον</span></span> (<i>with a written letter by their hand, having the following contents:</i>) - <b>Ψ</b></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γράψαντες διὰ χειρὸς αὐτῶν</span></span> (<i>being written by their hand</i>) – <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_45" title="Papyrus 45">𝔓<sup>45</sup></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">𝔓<sup>74</sup></a></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎* <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γράψαντες διὰ χειρὸς αὐτῶν τάδε</span></span> (<i>having written this by their hand</i>) – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎<sup>c</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Laudianus" title="Codex Laudianus">E</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a>) Majority of manuscripts <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#MLater_Syriac_versions" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy<sup>h</sup></a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γράψαντης διὰ χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἐπιστολήν περιέχουσαν τάδε</span></span> (<i>having written by their hand a letter, containing this:</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a> ar c <a href="/wiki/Codex_Gigas" title="Codex Gigas">gig</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Waldeccensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Waldeccensis">w</a> geo</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γράψαντης ἐπιστολήν διὰ χειρὸς αὐτῶν περιέχουσαν τάδε</span></span> (<i>having written a letter by their hand, containing this:</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">D</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">d</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">γράψαντες διὰ χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἐπιστολήν καὶ πέμψαντες περιέχουσαν τάδε</span></span> (<i>having written a letter by their hand, and sent it containing this:</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_614" title="Minuscule 614">614</a><sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 366">: 366 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%2018:26&version=nrsv">Acts 18:26</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ ὁδὸν</span></span> (<i>the way of God</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Porphyrianus" title="Codex Porphyrianus">P</a> <a href="/wiki/Uncial_049" title="Uncial 049">049</a> <a href="/wiki/Uncial_0142" title="Uncial 0142">0142</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_330" title="Minuscule 330">330</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_451" title="Minuscule 451">451</a> 1241 1877 2127 2492 Majority of manuscripts Lect</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ θεοῦ</span></span> (<i>the way of God</i>) – <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">𝔓<sup>74</sup></a></span> <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> 614 1175 <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a><sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 491">: 491 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%2020:15&version=nrsv">Acts 20:15</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">μείναντες εἰς τὸ Γυλλίον· τῇ ἐχομένῃ</span></span> (<i>remaining within Gullion. On the next day</i>) - <b>Ψ</b></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">καὶ μείναντες ἐν Τρωγυλλίῳ, τῇ ἐχομένῃ</span></span> (<i>and remained in Trogyllium, on the next day</i>) - Majority of manuscripts</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τῇ δὲ ἐχομένῃ</span></span> (<i>and on the next day</i>) - <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_41" title="Papyrus 41">𝔓<sup>41</sup></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">𝔓<sup>74</sup></a></span> <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Laudianus" title="Codex Laudianus">E</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> 453 1175 1739 1891 2818 <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a><sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 498">: 498 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/Acts_20:28" class="mw-redirect" title="Acts 20:28">Acts 20:28</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τοῦ κυρίου</span></span> (<i>of the Lord</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">𝔓<sup>74</sup></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C*</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">D</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Laudianus" title="Codex Laudianus">E</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_36" title="Minuscule 36">36</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_453" title="Minuscule 453">453</a> 945 <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_1739" title="Minuscule 1739">1739</a> 1891</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τοῦ θεοῦ</span></span> (<i>of God</i>) - <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> 614 1175 1505 <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a> <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo<sup>ms</sup></a>; Cyr</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τοῦ κυρίου καὶ θεοῦ</span></span> (<i>of the Lord and God</i>) - <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C<sup>3</sup></a> Majority of manuscripts<sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 384">: 384 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%2027:16&version=nrsv">Acts 27:16</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Γαυδην</span></span> (<i>Gauda</i>) – <b>Ψ</b></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Καῦδα</span></span> (<i>Kauda</i>) – 𝔓74 <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span><sup>c</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> 1175 lat <a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">sy<sup>p</sup></a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Κλαῦδα</span></span> (<i>Klauda</i>) – <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span>* <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a><sup>(vid)</sup> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> 81 614 945 1505 1739 <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg<sup>mss</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#MLater_Syriac_versions" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy<sup>h</sup></a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Κλαύδην</span></span> (<i>Klaudan</i>) – L 323. 1241 Majority of manuscripts<sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 384">: 384 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Acts%2028:29&version=nrsv">Acts 28:29</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">καὶ ταῦτα αὐτοῦ εἰπόντος, ἀπῆλθον οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, πολλὴν ἔχοντες ἐν ἑαυτοῖς συζήτησιν</span></span> (<i>And when he had said these words, the Jews departed and had a great dispute among themselves</i>) <dl><dd>omit. – <b>Ψ</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_74" title="Papyrus 74">𝔓<sup>74</sup></a></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎ <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Laudianus" title="Codex Laudianus">E</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_2061" title="Codex Vaticanus 2061">048</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> 1175 1739 <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_2464" title="Minuscule 2464">2464</a></dd> <dd>incl. - Majority of manuscripts<sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 408">: 408 </span></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Romans%208:1&version=nrsv">Romans 8:1</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἰησοῦ, μὴ κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦσιν</span></span> (<i>of Jesus, not living according to [the] flesh</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Bezae" title="Codex Bezae">D</a><sup>b</sup> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">Minuscule 81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_629" title="Minuscule 629">629</a> 2127 <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἰησοῦ</span></span> (<i>of Jesus</i>) – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎<sup>*</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Boernerianus" title="Codex Boernerianus">G</a> 1739 1881 it<sup>d, g</sup> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Sahidic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">sa</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a> eth</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Ἰησοῦ, μὴ κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦσιν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ πνεῦμα</span></span> (<i>of Jesus, not living according to [the] flesh, but according to [the] Spirit</i>) – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎<sup>c</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a><sup>c</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Mosquensis_I" title="Codex Mosquensis I">K</a> P <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> 88 <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_181" title="Minuscule 181">181</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_326" title="Minuscule 326">326</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_330" title="Minuscule 330">330</a> (<a href="/wiki/Minuscule_436" title="Minuscule 436">436</a> omit μη) <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_456" title="Minuscule 456">456</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_614" title="Minuscule 614">614</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_630" title="Minuscule 630">630</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_1241" title="Minuscule 1241">1241</a> 1877 1962 1984 1985 2492 2495 Majority of manuscripts Lect<sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 548">: 548 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Romans%2016:25–27&version=nrsv">Romans 16:25–27</a> </p> <dl><dd>insert after <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Romans%2014:23&version=nrsv">Romans 14:23</a> – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Angelicus" title="Codex Angelicus">L</a> <a href="/wiki/Uncial_0209" title="Uncial 0209">0209</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_181" title="Minuscule 181">181</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_326" title="Minuscule 326">326</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_330" title="Minuscule 330">330</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_451" title="Minuscule 451">451</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_460" title="Minuscule 460">460</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_614" title="Minuscule 614">614</a> 1241 1877 1881 1984 1985 2492 2495</dd> <dd>insert after <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Romans%2015:33&version=nrsv">Romans 15:33</a> – <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_46" title="Papyrus 46">𝔓<sup>46</sup></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 576–577">: 576–577 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Corinthians%202:1&version=nrsv">1 Corinthians 2:1</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">μαρτύριον</span></span> (<i>witness</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a> G P <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> 181 326 330 451 614 629 630 1241 1739 1877 1881 1962 1984 2127 2492 2495 Majority of manuscripts Lect it vg <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#MLater_Syriac_versions" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy<sup>h</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Sahidic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">sa</a> arm eth</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">μυστήριον</span></span> (<i>mystery</i>) - <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_46" title="Papyrus 46">𝔓<sup>46</sup></a></span><sup>(vid)</sup> <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span>* <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a> ar r <a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">sy<sup>p</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a>; Hipp BasA Ambst</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">σωτήριον</span></span> (<i>salvation</i>) - <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_489" title="Minuscule 489">489</a> <b>ℓ</b> <i>598</i><sup>pt</sup> <b>ℓ</b> <i>599</i> <sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 581">: 581 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Corinthians%207:5&version=nrsv">1 Corinthians 7:5</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τῇ προσευχῇ</span></span> (<i>prayer</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_11" title="Papyrus 11">𝔓<sup>11</sup></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_46" title="Papyrus 46">𝔓<sup>46</sup></a></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎* <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus" title="Codex Vaticanus">B</a> C <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a> G P <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_6" title="Minuscule 6">6</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> 181 629 630 1739 1877 1881 1962 it <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">cop</a> arm eth.</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τῇ νηστείᾳ καὶ τῇ προσευχῇ</span></span> (<i>fasting and prayer</i>) – <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span><sup>2</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Mosquensis_I" title="Codex Mosquensis I">K</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Angelicus" title="Codex Angelicus">L</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_365" title="Minuscule 365">365</a> 1241 1505 Majority of manuscripts <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τῇ προσευχῇ καὶ νηστείᾳ</span></span> (<i>prayer and fasting</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_230" title="Minuscule 230">230</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_451" title="Minuscule 451">451</a> <a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">JoDam</a><sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 450">: 450 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ubs3_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 591">: 591 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Corinthians%2012:9&version=nrsv">1 Corinthians 12:9</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων ἐν τῷ ἑνὶ πνεύματι</span></span> (<i>gifts of healing by the one Spirit</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> 436 630 (1739 omits <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τῷ</span></span>) 1881 it <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ πνεύματι</span></span> (<i>gifts of healing by his Spirit</i>) – <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎ <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a><sup>3</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Boernerianus" title="Codex Boernerianus">G</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Mosquensis_I" title="Codex Mosquensis I">K</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Porphyrianus" title="Codex Porphyrianus">P</a> <a href="/wiki/Uncial_0201" title="Uncial 0201">0201</a> 88 181 330 451 614 629 1241 1877 1962 1984 1985 2127 2492 2495 Majority of manuscripts Lect</dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων ἐν τῷ πνεύματι</span></span> (<i>gifts of healing by the Spirit</i>) – <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_46" title="Papyrus 46">𝔓<sup>46</sup></a></span></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">χαρίσματα ἰαμάτων</span></span> (<i>gifts of healing</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a><sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 461">: 461 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Philippians%201:14&version=nrsv">Philippians 1:14</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">τοῦ θεοῦ</span></span> (<i>of God</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎ <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> (<a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a>*) <a href="/wiki/Codex_Porphyrianus" title="Codex Porphyrianus">P</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> 326 365 629 1175 1241 <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_2464" title="Minuscule 2464">2464</a></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κυρίου</span></span> (<i>of [the] Lord</i>) – <a href="/wiki/Codex_Augiensis" title="Codex Augiensis">F</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Boernerianus" title="Codex Boernerianus">G</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyp</a></dd> <dd>omit. - <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_46" title="Papyrus 46">𝔓<sup>46</sup></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a><sup>2</sup> Majority of manuscripts r <a href="/wiki/Marcion_of_Sinope" title="Marcion of Sinope">Marcion</a><sup>T</sup><sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 516">: 516 </span></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Timothy%203:16&version=nrsv">1 Timothy 3:16</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">θεὸς ἐφανερώθη</span></span> (<i>God was manifest</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span><sup>c3</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a><sup>c</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a><sup>c2</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Claromontanus" title="Codex Claromontanus">D</a><sup>c2</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Mosquensis_I" title="Codex Mosquensis I">K</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Angelicus" title="Codex Angelicus">L</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Porphyrianus" title="Codex Porphyrianus">P</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_104" title="Minuscule 104">104</a> 630. 1241. 1505. 1739. 1881 Majority of manuscripts <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg<sup>ms</sup></a><sup id="cite_ref-Gregory_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gregory-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">ὃς ἐφανερώθη</span></span> (<i>Who was manifest</i>) – <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span>* <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a>* <a href="/wiki/Codex_Ephraemi_Rescriptus" title="Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus">C</a>* <a href="/wiki/Codex_Augiensis" title="Codex Augiensis">F</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Boernerianus" title="Codex Boernerianus">G</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> 365 1175; Did Epiph<sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 545">: 545 </span></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Peter%204:14&version=nrsv">1 Peter 4:14</a> </p> <dl><dd><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κατὰ μὲν αὐτοὺς βλασφημεῖται, κατὰ δὲ ὑμᾶς δοξάζεται</span></span> (<i>indeed by them He is insulted, but by you He is glorified</i>) – <b>Ψ</b> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Mosquensis_I" title="Codex Mosquensis I">K</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Angelicus" title="Codex Angelicus">L</a> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Porphyrianus" title="Codex Porphyrianus">P</a> 1448 1611 Majority of manuscipts it <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Vulgate" title="Oxford Vulgate">vg<sup>ww</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Syriac_versions_of_the_Bible#MLater_Syriac_versions" title="Syriac versions of the Bible">sy<sup>h**</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Sahidic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">sa</a><sup>mss</sup> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a><sup>ms</sup> <a href="/wiki/Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyp</a></dd> <dd>omit. - <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_72" title="Papyrus 72">𝔓<sup>72</sup></a></span> <span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">א</a></span>‎</span> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">A</a><sup>(vid)</sup> <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus_Graecus_1209" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209">B</a> 049 <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_33" title="Minuscule 33">33</a> <a href="/wiki/Minuscule_81" title="Minuscule 81">81</a> 323 614 630 945 1241 1739 <a href="/wiki/Latin_Vulgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin Vulgate">vg</a> <a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">sy<sup>p</sup></a> <a href="/wiki/Bible_translations_into_Coptic#Boharic" title="Bible translations into Coptic">bo</a><sup id="cite_ref-na26_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-na26-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 606">: 606 </span></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Testament_uncials" title="List of New Testament uncials">List of New Testament uncials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textual_criticism" title="Textual criticism">Textual criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript" title="Biblical manuscript">Biblical manuscript</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For more details of the variants of this verse see: <a href="/wiki/Textual_variants_in_the_New_Testament#Gospel_of_Luke" title="Textual variants in the New Testament">Textual variants in the Gospel of Luke</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For more textual variants of this verse see: <a href="/wiki/Textual_variants_in_the_New_Testament#First_Epistle_to_Timothy" title="Textual variants in the New Testament">Textual variants in the First Epistle to Timothy</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Aland-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aland_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAlandAland1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Aland, Kurt</a>; <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Aland" title="Barbara Aland">Aland, Barbara</a> (1995). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/textnewtestament00kurt"><i>The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism</i></a></span>. Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.). Grand Rapids, Michigan: <a href="/wiki/William_B._Eerdmans_Publishing_Company" title="William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company">William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company</a>. p. 118. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-4098-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-4098-1"><bdi>978-0-8028-4098-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+New+Testament%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Critical+Editions+and+to+the+Theory+and+Practice+of+Modern+Textual+Criticism&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+Michigan&rft.pages=118&rft.pub=William+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1&rft.aulast=Aland&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft.au=Aland%2C+Barbara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftextnewtestament00kurt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INTF-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-INTF_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=20044">"Liste Handschriften"</a>. Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liste+Handschriften&rft.place=M%C3%BCnster&rft.pub=Institute+for+New+Testament+Textual+Research&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fintf.uni-muenster.de%2Fvmr%2FNTVMR%2FListeHandschriften.php%3FObjID%3D20044&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tfma-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tfma_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tfma_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLake1903" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kirsopp_Lake" title="Kirsopp Lake">Lake, Kirsopp</a> (1903). "Texts from Mount Athos". <i>Studia Biblica et Ecclesiastica</i>. <b>5</b> (2). Oxford: University of Oxford Press: 94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781592445066" title="Special:BookSources/9781592445066"><bdi>9781592445066</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studia+Biblica+et+Ecclesiastica&rft.atitle=Texts+from+Mount+Athos&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=94&rft.date=1903&rft.isbn=9781592445066&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=Kirsopp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gregory-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gregory_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregory1900" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Caspar_Ren%C3%A9_Gregory" title="Caspar René Gregory">Gregory, Caspar René</a> (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n107/mode/2up"><i>Textkritik des Neuen Testaments</i></a>. Vol. 1. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. p. 94.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Textkritik+des+Neuen+Testaments&rft.place=Leipzig&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=J.C.+Hinrichs&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Caspar+Ren%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ftextkritikdesne00greggoog%23page%2Fn107%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tocps-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tocps_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tocps_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tocps_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tocps_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLake1900" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kirsopp_Lake" title="Kirsopp Lake">Lake, Kirsopp</a> (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/journaltheologi02unkngoog#page/n308/mode/2up">"The Text of Codex Ψ in St. Mark"</a>. <i>Journal of Theological Studies</i>. <b>1</b> (1). London: Macmillan & Co.: 290.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Theological+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Text+of+Codex+%CE%A8+in+St.+Mark&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=290&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=Kirsopp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fjournaltheologi02unkngoog%23page%2Fn308%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Metzger-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Metzger_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Metzger_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Metzger_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetzgerEhrman2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_M._Metzger" title="Bruce M. Metzger">Metzger, Bruce Manning</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bart_D._Ehrman" title="Bart D. Ehrman">Ehrman, Bart D.</a> (2005). <i>The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration</i> (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-516667-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-516667-1"><bdi>0-19-516667-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+New+Testament%3A+Its+Transmission%2C+Corruption+and+Restoration&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-19-516667-1&rft.aulast=Metzger&rft.aufirst=Bruce+Manning&rft.au=Ehrman%2C+Bart+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-na26-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-na26_7-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlandBlackMartiniMetzger1981" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Aland, Kurt</a>; <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Black" title="Matthew Black">Black, Matthew</a>; <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Martini" title="Carlo Maria Martini">Martini, Carlo Maria</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Metzger" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Metzger">Metzger, Bruce M.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Allen_Wikgren" title="Allen Wikgren">Wikgren, Allen</a>, eds. (1981). <i>Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece</i> (26 ed.). Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelstiftung. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-438-051001" title="Special:BookSources/3-438-051001"><bdi>3-438-051001</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nestle-Aland+Novum+Testamentum+Graece&rft.place=Stuttgart&rft.edition=26&rft.pub=Deutsche+Bibelstiftung&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=3-438-051001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span> (NA26)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ubs3-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ubs3_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlandBlackMartiniMetzger1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Aland" title="Kurt Aland">Aland, Kurt</a>; <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Black" title="Matthew Black">Black, Matthew</a>; <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Martini" title="Carlo Maria Martini">Martini, Carlo Maria</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Metzger" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Metzger">Metzger, Bruce Manning</a>; <a href="/wiki/Allen_Wikgren" title="Allen Wikgren">Wikgren, Allen</a>, eds. (1983). <i>The Greek New Testament</i> (3rd ed.). Stuttgart: United Bible Societies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783438051103" title="Special:BookSources/9783438051103"><bdi>9783438051103</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Greek+New+Testament&rft.place=Stuttgart&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=United+Bible+Societies&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9783438051103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACodex+Athous+Lavrensis" class="Z3988"></span> (UBS3)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_von_Soden" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermann von Soden">Hermann von Soden</a>, <i>Die Schriften des Neuen Testaments in ihrer altesten erreibaren Textgestalt</i>, I, III (Berlin, 1910), pp. 1664,-1666, 1841, 1921, 1928.</li> <li>M.-J. Lagrange, <i>La critique rationnelle</i> (Paris, 1935), pp. 109 f.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&oldid=1221223115">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&oldid=1221223115</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Greek_New_Testament_uncials" title="Category:Greek New Testament uncials">Greek New Testament uncials</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:9th-century_biblical_manuscripts" title="Category:9th-century biblical manuscripts">9th-century biblical manuscripts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Athos_manuscripts" title="Category:Athos manuscripts">Athos manuscripts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Great_Lavra" title="Category:Great Lavra">Great Lavra</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Greek_(to_1453)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 April 2024, at 16:38<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codex_Athous_Lavrensis&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-bcrd6","wgBackendResponseTime":193,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.758","walltime":"0.983","ppvisitednodes":{"value":16732,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":79298,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6082,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":50374,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 847.398 1 -total"," 26.10% 221.200 32 Template:R"," 24.57% 208.196 33 Template:R/ref"," 24.07% 203.930 2 Template:Reflist"," 19.06% 161.477 56 Template:Lang"," 18.55% 157.195 5 Template:Cite_book"," 18.25% 154.614 36 Template:R/superscript"," 13.58% 115.039 1 Template:New_Testament_manuscript_infobox"," 10.23% 86.678 5 Template:Main_other"," 9.27% 78.578 92 Template:R/where"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.363","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":26332429,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5695644f9d-qrpw4","timestamp":"20241128024749","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Codex Athous Lavrensis","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Codex_Athous_Lavrensis","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1105879","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1105879","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-06-21T20:21:37Z","dateModified":"2024-04-28T16:38:05Z","headline":"handwritten copy of the Bible in Greek"}</script> </body> </html>