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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historical influences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_influences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Classical_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classical_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Classical music</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Classical_music-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Classical music subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Classical_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opera,_song_and_concerts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opera,_song_and_concerts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Opera, song and concerts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opera,_song_and_concerts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Golden_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Golden_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>The Golden Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Golden_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Carl_Nielsen_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Carl_Nielsen_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>The Carl Nielsen era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Carl_Nielsen_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_composers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_composers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Contemporary composers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_composers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Light_Classical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Light_Classical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Light Classical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Light_Classical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jazz,_rock_and_popular_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jazz,_rock_and_popular_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Jazz, rock and popular music</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jazz,_rock_and_popular_music-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Jazz, rock and popular music 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electronic_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Electronic music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electronic_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Folk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Music schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_in_everyday_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_in_everyday_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Music in everyday life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_in_everyday_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_venues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_venues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Popular venues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_venues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dansk_musiks_historie" title="Dansk musiks historie – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dansk musiks historie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taani_muusika" title="Taani muusika – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Taani muusika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musique_danoise" title="Musique danoise – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Musique danoise" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AA%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Դանիական երաժշտություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դանիական երաժշտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deense_muziek" title="Deense muziek – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Deense muziek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikken_i_Danmark" title="Musikken i Danmark – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Musikken i Danmark" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_da_Dinamarca" title="Música da Dinamarca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Música da Dinamarca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Датская музыка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Датская музыка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Denmark" title="Culture of Denmark">Culture of Denmark</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Denmark" title="Architecture of Denmark">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_art" title="Danish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_cuisine" title="Danish cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_design" title="Danish design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_folklore" title="Danish folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Denmark" title="Public holidays in Denmark">Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_literature" title="Danish literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Denmark">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Denmark" title="Cinema of Denmark">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Denmark" title="Television in Denmark">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish-language_radio_stations" title="List of Danish-language radio stations">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Denmark" title="List of newspapers in Denmark">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_magazines_in_Denmark" title="List of magazines in Denmark">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Denmark" title="Internet in Denmark">Internet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_philosophy" title="Danish philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Denmark" title="Photography in Denmark">Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_sculpture" title="Danish sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports in Denmark">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theater_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater of Denmark">Theatre</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Denmark_culture" title="Template:Denmark culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Denmark_culture" title="Template talk:Denmark culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Denmark_culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Denmark culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The origins of Danish music can be traced back to the Bronze Age. Horns or lurs have been discovered in various parts of Scandinavia, mostly in the region now known as Denmark, since the end of the 18th century. <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>'s most famous classical composer is <a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Carl Nielsen</a>, especially remembered for his six symphonies, while the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Ballet" title="Royal Danish Ballet">Royal Danish Ballet</a> specializes in the work of Danish choreographer <a href="/wiki/August_Bournonville" title="August Bournonville">August Bournonville</a>. Danes have distinguished themselves as <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> musicians, and the <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Jazz_Festival" title="Copenhagen Jazz Festival">Copenhagen Jazz Festival</a> has acquired an international reputation. The modern pop and rock scene has produced a few names of note, including <a href="/wiki/M%C3%98" title="MØ">MØ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Mizz_Lizzy" title="Dizzy Mizz Lizzy">Dizzy Mizz Lizzy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lukas_Graham" title="Lukas Graham">Lukas Graham</a>, <a href="/wiki/D-A-D" class="mw-redirect" title="D-A-D">D-A-D</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tina_Dico" title="Tina Dico">Tina Dico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aqua_(band)" title="Aqua (band)">Aqua</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Raveonettes" title="The Raveonettes">The Raveonettes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Learns_to_Rock" title="Michael Learns to Rock">Michael Learns to Rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volbeat_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Volbeat (band)">Volbeat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alphabeat" title="Alphabeat">Alphabeat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Safri_Duo" title="Safri Duo">Safri Duo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medina_(singer)" title="Medina (singer)">Medina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oh_Land" title="Oh Land">Oh Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_(Danish_band)" title="Kashmir (Danish band)">Kashmir</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_Diamond_(band)" title="King Diamond (band)">King Diamond</a>, <a href="/wiki/Outlandish" title="Outlandish">Outlandish</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mew_(band)" title="Mew (band)">Mew</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lars_Ulrich" title="Lars Ulrich">Lars Ulrich</a> is the first Danish musician to be inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origins">Origins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bronse-Lurer-Danmark.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bronse-Lurer-Danmark.png/100px-Bronse-Lurer-Danmark.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bronse-Lurer-Danmark.png/150px-Bronse-Lurer-Danmark.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Bronse-Lurer-Danmark.png/200px-Bronse-Lurer-Danmark.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="616" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Brudev%C3%A6lte_Lurs" title="Brudevælte Lurs">Brudevælte Lurs</a> from northern <a href="/wiki/Zealand" title="Zealand">Zealand</a></figcaption></figure><p>The earliest traces of Danish music go back to the many twisting <a href="/wiki/Bronze-Age" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronze-Age">Bronze-Age</a> horns or <a href="/wiki/Lur" title="Lur">lurs</a> which some experts have identified as musical instruments. They have been discovered in various parts of <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a>, mostly Denmark, since the end of the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-um.dk_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um.dk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Codex_Runicus_-_Dr%C3%B8mde_mik_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Codex_Runicus_-_Dr%C3%B8mde_mik_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat.jpg/150px-Codex_Runicus_-_Dr%C3%B8mde_mik_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Codex_Runicus_-_Dr%C3%B8mde_mik_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat.jpg/225px-Codex_Runicus_-_Dr%C3%B8mde_mik_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Codex_Runicus_-_Dr%C3%B8mde_mik_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat.jpg/300px-Codex_Runicus_-_Dr%C3%B8mde_mik_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="623" data-file-height="230" /></a><figcaption>Codex Runicus: Denmark's oldest musical notation</figcaption></figure> <p>In his <a href="/wiki/Gesta_Danorum" title="Gesta Danorum">Gesta Danorum</a> (c.1200), historian <a href="/wiki/Saxo_Grammaticus" title="Saxo Grammaticus">Saxo Grammaticus</a> refers to the power that music had over <a href="/wiki/Eric_I_of_Denmark" title="Eric I of Denmark">King Erik the Kind-Hearted</a>. In the 13th and early 14th centuries, German <a href="/wiki/Minnesingers" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnesingers">minnesingers</a> such as Tannhäuser and Frauenlob sang in the Danish courts. The <a href="/wiki/Codex_Runicus" title="Codex Runicus">Codex Runicus</a> (c.1300) contains a verse written in runes with a non-rhythmic musical notation. The first line is <i><a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%B8mde_mig_en_dr%C3%B8m_i_nat" class="mw-redirect" title="Drømde mig en drøm i nat">Drømdæ mik æn drøm i nat</a></i> (I Dreamed Me a Dream Last Night). There is also evidence that English monks came to Denmark to sing at a celebration commemorating <a href="/wiki/Cnut_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Cnut the Great">St Canute</a>, who died in 1086. In 1145, <a href="/wiki/Lund_Cathedral" title="Lund Cathedral">Lund Cathedral</a> received <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a>'s first choir statues, and by 1330 it was one of the larger churches to have an organ installed.<sup id="cite_ref-um.dk_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um.dk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_influences">Historical influences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historical influences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pratum_Spirituale_Peders%C3%B8n_1620.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pratum_Spirituale_Peders%C3%B8n_1620.gif/130px-Pratum_Spirituale_Peders%C3%B8n_1620.gif" decoding="async" width="130" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pratum_Spirituale_Peders%C3%B8n_1620.gif/195px-Pratum_Spirituale_Peders%C3%B8n_1620.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pratum_Spirituale_Peders%C3%B8n_1620.gif/260px-Pratum_Spirituale_Peders%C3%B8n_1620.gif 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption>Pratum Spirituale by <a href="/wiki/Mogens_Peders%C3%B8n" title="Mogens Pedersøn">Mogens Pedersøn</a> (1620)</figcaption></figure> <p>The greatest influence on the evolution of music in Denmark has certainly been the monarchy. At the time of his coronation in 1448, <a href="/wiki/Christian_I_of_Denmark" title="Christian I of Denmark">Christian I</a> engaged a permanent corps of trumpeters, and by 1519 the court had a corps of court singers and an instrumental ensemble as well. The collections of works used by the chapel royal under <a href="/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark" title="Christian III of Denmark">Christian III</a> in the middle of the 16th century were based on Dutch, Italian, French and German masters. <a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV</a> spent considerable sums of money on training local musicians and bringing foreign masters to Denmark. <a href="/wiki/Mogens_Peders%C3%B8n" title="Mogens Pedersøn">Mogens Pedersøn</a>, one of his Danish musicians who had studied in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> under <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Gabrieli" title="Giovanni Gabrieli">Giovanni Gabrieli</a>, became one of Denmark's most important composers of church music. His principal work <i>Pratum spirituale</i> was a collection of 21 Danish hymns in five-part settings, a mass in five parts, three Latin <a href="/wiki/Motet" title="Motet">motets</a> and a number of Danish and Latin choral responses. It was published in <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a> in 1620 and is still performed today.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the influence of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV of France</a>, music for the theatre was established in Denmark during the reigns of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III_of_Denmark" title="Frederick III of Denmark">Frederik III</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_V_of_Denmark" title="Christian V of Denmark">Christian V</a> when lavish court ballets were performed. This soon led to opera and the performance of <i>Der vereinigte Götterstreit</i> composed by Povl Christian Schindler on Christian's birthday in 1689. Although it was a great success, there was little interest in opera after the theatre caught fire a few days later causing 180 deaths.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1569, shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Reformation_in_Denmark-Norway_and_Holstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformation in Denmark-Norway and Holstein">Reformation</a>, Denmark's first hymn book, <i>Thomesens Salmebog</i>, was published with music for the individual hymns.<sup id="cite_ref-um.dk_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um.dk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dieterich_Buxtehude" title="Dieterich Buxtehude">Dieterich Buxtehude</a> (c. 1637–1707) was a Danish composer and organist, a highly regarded composer of the <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> period. His organ works comprise a central part of the standard <a href="/wiki/Organ_repertoire" title="Organ repertoire">organ repertoire</a> and are frequently performed at recitals and church services. But he is most remembered for his vocal compositions.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classical_music">Classical music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Classical music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opera,_song_and_concerts"><span id="Opera.2C_song_and_concerts"></span>Opera, song and concerts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Opera, song and concerts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Denmark" title="Frederick IV of Denmark">Frederik IV</a> opened a new opera house in Copenhagen in 1703, the first performance being an opera by the Italian Bartolomeo Bernardi. <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Keiser" title="Reinhard Keiser">Reinhard Keiser</a>, the prolific opera composer from <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, presented his works in Copenhagen from 1721 to 1723. In 1748 <i>Den Danske Skueplads</i> (the Danish Theatre) moved into a new building and in 1779 <i>Det Kongelige Kapel</i> (the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Orchestra" title="Royal Danish Orchestra">Royal Danish Orchestra</a>) became a permanent attachment.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse.jpg/130px-Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse.jpg/195px-Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="282" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse" title="Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse">Christoph Weyse</a>: Song composer</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Mingotti" title="Pietro Mingotti">Pietro Mingotti</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a>, who had formed an opera company was invited to Copenhagen by <a href="/wiki/Louise_of_Great_Britain" title="Louise of Great Britain">Queen Louise</a> in 1747. His members included <a href="/wiki/Christoph_Willibald_Gluck" title="Christoph Willibald Gluck">Christoph Willibald Gluck</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Sarti" title="Giuseppe Sarti">Giuseppe Sarti</a>. In 1756, Sarti provided the music for the first <i>syngespil</i> which, in the early 1790s, became established as a popular national genre with <i>Høstgildet</i> (the Harvest Celebration) and <i>Peters Bryllup</i> (Peter's Wedding). Both were composed by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Abraham_Peter_Schulz" title="Johann Abraham Peter Schulz">Johann Abraham Peter Schulz</a>. <a href="/wiki/Johann_Hartmann" title="Johann Hartmann">Johann Hartmann</a> is remembered for his two operas on texts by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Ewald" title="Johannes Ewald">Johannes Ewald</a> in which he helped creating a national musical style. The first of these, <i>Balders Død</i>, builds on the old Nordic mythology and uses dark colours when depicting the old Gods and Valkyries. The second, <i>Fiskerne</i>, describes contemporary fishermen's lives, and uses melodies inspired by the Scandinavian folk style. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Ernst_Friedrich_Weyse" title="Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse">Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Altona,_Hamburg" title="Altona, Hamburg">Altona</a>, who was a pupil of Schulz, is remembered above all for his Danish songs, hymns and carols, which remain popular to this day. But he also composed religious music, piano pieces, and symphonies.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kuhlau" title="Friedrich Kuhlau">Friedrich Kuhlau</a> wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Elves%27_Hill" title="Elves' Hill">Elverhøj</a></i> (Elves' Hill) (1828), which contains the music for <i><a href="/wiki/Kong_Kristian_stod_ved_h%C3%B8jen_mast" class="mw-redirect" title="Kong Kristian stod ved højen mast">Kong Kristian stod ved højen mast</a></i>, a Danish national anthem. Elverhøj is considered to be the first Danish national play and has been performed in Denmark more than any other play. Kuhlau was also a pianist who brought <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a>'s piano music to Denmark.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schulz and Kunzen both gained importance as a result of their influence as chief conductors at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Theatre" title="Royal Danish Theatre">Royal Theatre.</a> They brought the best of European music to Danish audiences. Weyse and Kuhlau contributed not only to orchestral and <a href="/wiki/Chamber_music" title="Chamber music">chamber music</a>, but also to the popular repertory, Weyse with secular and religious songs and Kuhlau with chamber music suitable for amateur musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-netpub_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netpub-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another successful composer and conductor in the mid-20th century was <a href="/wiki/Emil_Reesen" title="Emil Reesen">Emil Reesen</a> (1887–1964), who is remembered above all for his highly successful operetta Farinelli (1942), which is still popular today.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Opera has continued to figure prominently on the Danish music scene, thanks in part to the <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Opera_House" title="Copenhagen Opera House">Copenhagen Opera House</a>, which was opened in the year 2005. Although the majority of performances cover the works of the well-known European composers, Danish operas are also included from time to time. In 2010, with the involvement of the ambitious young artistic director <a href="/wiki/Kasper_Bech_Holten" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasper Bech Holten">Kasper Bech Holten</a>, there were performances of <a href="/wiki/Poul_Ruders" title="Poul Ruders">Poul Ruders</a>' new work <i>Kafka's Trial</i>, while in recent years works by both <a href="/wiki/John_Frandsen_(composer)" title="John Frandsen (composer)">John Frandsen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bent_S%C3%B8rensen_(composer)" title="Bent Sørensen (composer)">Bent Sørensen</a> have been part of the repertoire as well.<sup id="cite_ref-opera_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opera-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Golden_Age">The Golden Age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Golden Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Christian_Lumbye.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Hans_Christian_Lumbye.gif/130px-Hans_Christian_Lumbye.gif" decoding="async" width="130" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Hans_Christian_Lumbye.gif/195px-Hans_Christian_Lumbye.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Hans_Christian_Lumbye.gif/260px-Hans_Christian_Lumbye.gif 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Lumbye" title="Hans Christian Lumbye">Hans Christian Lumbye</a> (1810–1874)</figcaption></figure> <p>The 19th century saw the emergence of a number of Danish composers inspired by <a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Romantic nationalism</a>. <a href="/wiki/Johan_Peter_Emilius_Hartmann" title="Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann">Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann</a> (1805–1900), apart from opera and ballet music, contributed to song and the piano repertory. From 1843 until his death, he was the organist at the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_(Copenhagen)" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Our Lady (Copenhagen)">Church of Our Lady</a>. His works are not only romantic but often inspired by the old <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Nordic legends</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Einstein" title="Alfred Einstein">Alfred Einstein</a>, it was he who really founded Danish romanticism, if not Scandinavian romanticism altogether.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His works had a great influence on the next generation of composers such as <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Edvard Grieg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Carl Nielsen</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Lumbye" title="Hans Christian Lumbye">Hans Christian Lumbye</a> (1810–1874) was employed as the first music director at the Copenhagen amusement park <a href="/wiki/Tivoli_Gardens" title="Tivoli Gardens">Tivoli</a> when it opened in 1843. Here he had a platform for presenting a large foreign and Danish repertory, including his many waltzes and <a href="/wiki/Galop" title="Galop">galops</a>. In 1839, he had heard a Viennese orchestra play music by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_I" title="Johann Strauss I">Johann Strauss</a>, after which he composed in the same style, eventually earning the nickname "The Strauss of the North".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of his most popular pieces, associated with Tivoli, is <i>Champagnegaloppen</i> (the <a href="/wiki/Champagne_Galop" title="Champagne Galop">Champagne Galop</a>), which starts with the happy sound of a champagne cork popping. It has been used in several Danish films including <i><a href="/wiki/Reptilicus" title="Reptilicus">Reptilicus</a></i> (1961), and <i><a href="/wiki/Champagnegaloppen" title="Champagnegaloppen">Champagnegaloppen</a></i> (1938). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Niels_W._Gade" class="mw-redirect" title="Niels W. Gade">Niels W. Gade</a> (1817–1890) participated in the development of <i><a href="/wiki/Musikforeningen" title="Musikforeningen">Musikforeningen</a></i> (the Music Society) which had been founded in 1836 with the purpose of extending and improving the understanding of classical music. He became its conductor in 1850, and under his management a number of masterpieces of choral music were given their first performance in Denmark, among them Bach's <a href="/wiki/St_Matthew_Passion_(Bach)" class="mw-redirect" title="St Matthew Passion (Bach)">St. Matthew Passion</a> in 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sylphide_-Marie_Taglioni_-1832_-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Sylphide_-Marie_Taglioni_-1832_-2.jpg/130px-Sylphide_-Marie_Taglioni_-1832_-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Sylphide_-Marie_Taglioni_-1832_-2.jpg/195px-Sylphide_-Marie_Taglioni_-1832_-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Sylphide_-Marie_Taglioni_-1832_-2.jpg/260px-Sylphide_-Marie_Taglioni_-1832_-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="979" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marie_Taglioni" title="Marie Taglioni">Marie Taglioni</a> in Bournonville's <a href="/wiki/La_Sylphide" title="La Sylphide">La Sylphide</a></figcaption></figure> <p>At the conservatory in Copenhagen he helped teach future generations, including <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Edvard Grieg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Carl Nielsen</a>. In the spirit of Romantic nationalism, he composed eight symphonies, a violin concerto, chamber music, organ and piano pieces and a number of large-scale cantatas, among them <i><a href="/wiki/Elverskud" title="Elverskud">Elverskud</a></i> (<i>The Elf King's Daughter</i>), the most famous Danish work of its kind.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many other composers were part of this "Golden Age" of Danish music, among which <a href="/wiki/Peter_Arnold_Heise" title="Peter Arnold Heise">Peter Heise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emil_Hartmann" title="Emil Hartmann">Emil Hartmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/August_Winding" title="August Winding">August Winding</a>, <a href="/wiki/C._F._E._Horneman" title="C. F. E. Horneman">C.F.E. Horneman</a> or <a href="/wiki/Asger_Hamerik" title="Asger Hamerik">Asger Hamerik</a>. </p><p>Another major contributor to the Golden Age was <a href="/wiki/August_Bournonville" title="August Bournonville">August Bournonville</a> (1805–1879), the renowned <a href="/wiki/Ballet_master" title="Ballet master">ballet master</a> and choreographer. From 1830 to 1877, he was the choreographer at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Ballet" title="Royal Danish Ballet">Royal Danish Ballet</a>, for which he created more than 50 ballets admired for their exuberance, lightness, and beauty. He created a style which, although influenced by the Paris ballet, is entirely his own. Bournonville's best-known works are <i><a href="/wiki/La_Sylphide" title="La Sylphide">La Sylphide</a></i> (1836), <i><a href="/wiki/Napoli_(ballet)" title="Napoli (ballet)">Napoli</a></i> (1842), <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Conservatoire" title="Le Conservatoire">Le Conservatoire</a></i> (1849), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Kermesse_in_Bruges" title="The Kermesse in Bruges">The Kermesse in Bruges</a></i> (1851) and <i><a href="/wiki/A_Folk_Tale_(ballet)" class="mw-redirect" title="A Folk Tale (ballet)">A Folk Tale</a></i> (1854). He drew on a number of different composers including Johan Peter Emilius <a href="/wiki/Johan_Peter_Emilius_Hartmann" title="Johan Peter Emilius Hartmann">Hartmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holger_Simon_Paulli" title="Holger Simon Paulli">Holger Simon Paulli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Niels_Gade" title="Niels Gade">Niels Gade</a>. The ballets are widely performed today, not only in Denmark but worldwide, especially in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Carl_Nielsen_era">The Carl Nielsen era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Carl Nielsen era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a result of problems with Germany, Denmark's attitude during the first half of the 20th century became nationalistic and introverted. The two leading figures, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Carl Nielsen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Laub" title="Thomas Laub">Thomas Laub</a> revived interest in the purer music of earlier periods such as the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-netpub_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netpub-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carl_Nielsen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Carl_Nielsen.jpg/130px-Carl_Nielsen.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Carl_Nielsen.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Carl_Nielsen" title="Carl Nielsen">Carl Nielsen</a> (1865–1931)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Carl Nielsen (1865–1931), now an internationally recognized composer, was the dominant figure in Danish music and musical life from the end of the 1890s until well into the 20th century. He had grown up in a small village on <a href="/wiki/Funen" title="Funen">Funen</a> but, by performing with folk musicians as a child and as a bugler in the army, he was able to enter the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Danish Academy of Music">music conservatory</a> in Copenhagen in 1884. By the time he took over Gade's role around 1900, Denmark's music scene was firmly established with strong popular interest and support.<sup id="cite_ref-DanishMusic_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DanishMusic-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nielsen's orchestral music, including six symphonies and concertos for <a href="/wiki/Flute_Concerto_(Nielsen)" title="Flute Concerto (Nielsen)">flute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Nielsen)" title="Violin Concerto (Nielsen)">violin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Clarinet_Concerto_(Nielsen)" title="Clarinet Concerto (Nielsen)">clarinet</a>, is widely performed. Indeed, the success of his <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._1_(Nielsen)" title="Symphony No. 1 (Nielsen)">First Symphony</a> when it was played in Berlin in 1896 paved the way for his growing reputation. The <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._3_(Nielsen)" title="Symphony No. 3 (Nielsen)">Third Symphony</a> (1912), which contains wordless vocal solos, was performed in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, Germany, Sweden and <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> within the first two years. The <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._4_(Nielsen)" title="Symphony No. 4 (Nielsen)">Fourth Symphony</a> (1916) featuring a battle between two sets of timpani is the one which has been most widely recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Maskarade" title="Maskarade">Maskarade</a> (1906), a three-act opera based on the play by <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Holberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludwig Holberg">Ludwig Holberg</a>, is regarded as the Danish national opera.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nielsen also composed the opera <i><a href="/wiki/Saul_og_David" title="Saul og David">Saul og David</a></i> (1901) which offers marvellous chorus scenes. Another important choral work is the cantata <i><a href="/wiki/Hymnus_amoris" title="Hymnus amoris">Hymnus amoris</a></i> (1896), a beautiful composition for choir and orchestra.<sup id="cite_ref-DanishMusic_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DanishMusic-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is also remembered for the incidental music he wrote for <a href="/wiki/Adam_Oehlenschl%C3%A4ger" title="Adam Oehlenschläger">Adam Oehlenschläger</a>'s play <a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(Nielsen)" title="Aladdin (Nielsen)">Aladdin</a> as well as for the songs he set to music, many of which are still popular in Denmark.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Laub" title="Thomas Laub">Thomas Laub</a> (1852–1927), an organist, was devoted to reintroducing the old Protestant hymn tunes which had been forgotten or altered over the years. He published a number of important works including <i>Kirkemelodier</i> (Church Melodies) (1890), <i>Udvalg af Salme-Melodier i Kirkestil</i> (Selected Hymn Tunes in the Church Style) (1896 and 1902), <i>Dansk Kirkesang</i> (Danish Church Song) (1918) and <i>Musik og Kirke</i> (Music and Church) (1920). Laub also wrote folk song music and together with Carl Nielsen published <i>En Snes danske Viser</i> (A Set of Danish Folk Songs) (1917).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rued_Langgaard" title="Rued Langgaard">Rued Langgaard</a> (1893–1952), a late-Romantic composer, was not fully recognized until 16 years after his death. He was inspired by his conviction that music had a spiritual power and was therefore important for mankind. He was a prolific composer, completing over 400 works representing over 50 hours of music. His Symphony No. 1 <i>Klippepastoraler</i> (Rock Pastorals) is in the late-romantic style, reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Anton Bruckner</a> while Symphony No. 10 <i>Din Torden-Bolig</i> (Your Dwelling of Thunder) is also majestic, but more in the style of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_composers">Contemporary composers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Contemporary composers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to those specialising in rock, folk and electronic music, Denmark has a number of contemporary composers who have been successful in writing classical music covering a variety of genres. Among the most successful are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Viggo_Bentzon" title="Niels Viggo Bentzon">Niels Viggo Bentzon</a> (1919-2000) who wrote in a largely neoclassical style 24 symphonies, 16 string quartets, 31 piano sonatas, operas and many more works.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd" title="Per Nørgård">Per Nørgård</a> (born 1932) has composed works in all major genres: six operas, two ballets, seven symphonies and other pieces for orchestra, several concertos, choral and vocal works, an enormous number of chamber works, ten string quartets and several solo instrumental works. The conductor <a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Celibidache" title="Sergiu Celibidache">Sergiu Celibidache</a> once precisely expressed the potential of Nørgård's large-scale, faultless creation: "Only the mind of a new time in the new millennium will be able to understand the scope of Nørgård’s music."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Koppel" title="Anders Koppel">Anders Koppel</a> (born 1947) has had an extremely versatile career in rock, classical and world music. He has composed the music for eight ballets with the <a href="/wiki/Danish_Dance_Theatre" title="Danish Dance Theatre">Danish Dance Theatre</a>, 50 theatrical plays and for more than 100 movies.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frederik_Magle_conducting_2011_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Frederik_Magle_conducting_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-Frederik_Magle_conducting_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Frederik_Magle_conducting_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/195px-Frederik_Magle_conducting_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Frederik_Magle_conducting_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-Frederik_Magle_conducting_2011_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="754" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Frederik_Magle" title="Frederik Magle">Frederik Magle</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poul_Ruders" title="Poul Ruders">Poul Ruders</a> (born 1949) is known internationally for the music he has written for choir, chamber ensemble, and solo instruments, which are frequently performed outside Denmark. It is however is orchestral music, especially his symphonies and concertos, which is most appreciated in Denmark.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Abrahamsen" title="Hans Abrahamsen">Hans Abrahamsen</a> (born 1952) is one of the most notable contemporary composers whose works have evolved from his initial <i><a href="/wiki/New_Simplicity" title="New Simplicity">New Simplicity</a></i> style leading to his internationally successful <i>Nacht und Trompeten</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Other notable contemporary composers include <a href="/wiki/Bent_S%C3%B8rensen_(composer)" title="Bent Sørensen (composer)">Bent Sørensen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pelle_Gudmundsen-Holmgreen" title="Pelle Gudmundsen-Holmgreen">Pelle Gudmundsen-Holmgreen</a> (both winners of the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_Council_Music_Prize" title="Nordic Council Music Prize">Nordic Council Music Prize</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Frederik_Magle" title="Frederik Magle">Frederik Magle</a> (compositions for the <a href="/wiki/Danish_royal_family" title="Danish royal family">Danish royal family</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Light_Classical">Light Classical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Light Classical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of the most universally known pieces of Danish music is the <i><a href="/wiki/Jalousie_%27Tango_Tzigane%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Jalousie 'Tango Tzigane'">Jalousie 'Tango Tzigane'</a></i> (1925) composed by <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Gade" title="Jacob Gade">Jacob Gade</a>. It has been used in countless films, such as the classic Danish sex comedy <i><a href="/wiki/Zodiac-films" title="Zodiac-films">I Tvillingernes tegn</a></i> (1975), where it is the centerpiece of a big nude dancing production number set in the 1930s,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Sally_Potter" title="Sally Potter">Sally Potter</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Cried" title="The Man Who Cried">The Man Who Cried</a></i> (2000), with <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Depp" title="Johnny Depp">Johnny Depp</a> playing a gypsy in the 1920s.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A special position is occupied by <a href="/wiki/Bent_Fabricius-Bjerre" class="mw-redirect" title="Bent Fabricius-Bjerre">Bent Fabricius-Bjerre</a> (b. 1924), who has written music for Danish films and television series such as <i> <a href="/wiki/Matador_(Danish_TV_series)" title="Matador (Danish TV series)">Matador</a> </i> in his highly individual style. The signature tune <a href="/wiki/Alley_Cat_(song)" title="Alley Cat (song)"><i>Alley Cat</i></a> quickly won international success in the same class as Gade's tango.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jazz,_rock_and_popular_music"><span id="Jazz.2C_rock_and_popular_music"></span>Jazz, rock and popular music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Jazz, rock and popular music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jazz">Jazz</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Jazz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Danish_jazz" title="Danish jazz">Danish jazz</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marilyn_Mazur_Group_2008-08-30_Warsaw.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Marilyn_Mazur_Group_2008-08-30_Warsaw.jpg/200px-Marilyn_Mazur_Group_2008-08-30_Warsaw.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Marilyn_Mazur_Group_2008-08-30_Warsaw.jpg/300px-Marilyn_Mazur_Group_2008-08-30_Warsaw.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Marilyn_Mazur_Group_2008-08-30_Warsaw.jpg/400px-Marilyn_Mazur_Group_2008-08-30_Warsaw.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1899" data-file-height="1248" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Mazur" title="Marilyn Mazur">Marilyn Mazur</a> Group playing in <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> in 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>Jazz has been one of Denmark's most important musical developments over the past century. Its origins can be traced to <a href="/wiki/Valdemar_Eiberg" title="Valdemar Eiberg">Valdemar Eiberg</a>'s band in 1923 and their recordings the following year. But it was in 1925, when <a href="/wiki/Sam_Wooding" title="Sam Wooding">Sam Wooding</a> brought his orchestra to Copenhagen that the Danish music scene was properly introduced to the genre. Early Danish jazz was influenced by three classically trained musicians: <a href="/wiki/Erik_Tuxen" title="Erik Tuxen">Erik Tuxen</a> (1902–1957), who created one of the country's first jazz bands, <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Christensen" title="Bernhard Christensen">Bernhard Christensen</a> (1906–2004), a composer of both jazz and classical music, and Sven Møller Kristensen (1909–1991) who wrote lyrics for Christensen as well as a number of books about jazz.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As jazz became more popular in the 1930s, one of the rising stars was the talented violinist <a href="/wiki/Svend_Asmussen" title="Svend Asmussen">Svend Asmussen</a> (1916–2017) who made his first recordings in 1934 at the age of 18 and was still playing with his quartet more than 70 years later.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupation of Denmark">German occupation</a> in the 1940s, jazz was discouraged but many musicians continued to perform while others escaped to Sweden, including drummer <a href="/wiki/Uffe_Baadh" title="Uffe Baadh">Uffe Baadh</a>. Indeed, the period became known as "The Golden Age of Jazz" as the number of concerts in hotels and restaurants increased and the number of recordings rose from about 180 in 1935–1939 to over 650 from 1940 to 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jakob_Bro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Jakob_Bro.jpg/200px-Jakob_Bro.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Jakob_Bro.jpg/300px-Jakob_Bro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Jakob_Bro.jpg/400px-Jakob_Bro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Bro" title="Jakob Bro">Jakob Bro</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Danish jazz musicians began to split into an older guard, which maintained the style of older <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> jazz, and newer musicians who favored the <a href="/wiki/Bebop" title="Bebop">bebop</a> style of <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Parker" title="Charlie Parker">Charlie Parker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a> that was then emerging in America. The former were represented by musicians such as pianist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adrian_Bentzon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adrian Bentzon (page does not exist)">Adrian Bentzon</a>, trombonist <a href="/wiki/Papa_Bue" title="Papa Bue">Papa Bue</a>, and trumpeter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theis_Jensen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theis Jensen (page does not exist)">Theis Jensen</a>, while the latter included saxophonist <a href="/wiki/Max_Br%C3%BCel" title="Max Brüel">Max Brüel</a>, bassist <a href="/wiki/Erik_Moseholm" title="Erik Moseholm">Erik Moseholm</a>, and trumpeter <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgen_Ryg" title="Jørgen Ryg">Jørgen Ryg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-um.dk_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um.dk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 1960s, when there was something of a revival, the <a href="/wiki/Jazzhus_Montmartre" title="Jazzhus Montmartre">Jazzhus Montmartre</a> opened in Copenhagen, reflecting the atmosphere of clubs in Paris and New York City. It soon became a major venue for both Danish and American artists. Many Americans moved to Denmark including <a href="/wiki/Stan_Getz" title="Stan Getz">Stan Getz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dexter_Gordon" title="Dexter Gordon">Dexter Gordon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Webster" title="Ben Webster">Ben Webster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Konitz" title="Lee Konitz">Lee Konitz</a> and many others. The American pianist <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Drew" title="Kenny Drew">Kenny Drew</a> formed a trio with drummer <a href="/wiki/Alex_Riel" title="Alex Riel">Alex Riel</a> and bassist <a href="/wiki/Niels-Henning_%C3%98rsted_Pedersen" title="Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen">Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen</a> which became a staple at Jazzhus Montmartre.<sup id="cite_ref-allaboutjazz_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allaboutjazz-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Danish musicians also began to explore <a href="/wiki/Free_jazz" title="Free jazz">free jazz</a> in the 1960s with saxophonist <a href="/wiki/John_Tchicai" title="John Tchicai">John Tchicai</a> the most prominent proponent. In parallel, a more mainstream wing evolved, including saxophonist <a href="/wiki/Jesper_Thilo" title="Jesper Thilo">Jesper Thilo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-um.dk_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-um.dk-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As rock music became more popular in the 1970s, jazz's popularity waned, but it continues to be supported in venues such as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Copenhagen_Jazzhouse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Copenhagen Jazzhouse (page does not exist)">Copenhagen Jazzhouse</a> and the Jazz Club Loco, as well as at the annual <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Jazz_Festival" title="Copenhagen Jazz Festival">Copenhagen Jazz Festival</a>. Danish jazz musicians continue to find unity in diversity, exploring a wide range of feelings and genres and bringing new strength to contemporary jazz as it unfolds in all its shapes and sizes.<sup id="cite_ref-allaboutjazz_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allaboutjazz-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prominent jazz musicians today include <a href="/wiki/Carsten_Dahl" title="Carsten Dahl">Carsten Dahl</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgen_Emborg" title="Jørgen Emborg">Jørgen Emborg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Clausen_(musician)" title="Thomas Clausen (musician)">Thomas Clausen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Lundin" title="Fredrik Lundin">Fredrik Lundin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Mazur" title="Marilyn Mazur">Marilyn Mazur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mads_Vinding" title="Mads Vinding">Mads Vinding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ib_Glindemann" title="Ib Glindemann">Ib Glindemann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Bro" title="Jakob Bro">Jakob Bro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Minh_Doky" title="Chris Minh Doky">Chris Minh Doky</a> and his brother <a href="/wiki/Niels_Lan_Doky" title="Niels Lan Doky">Niels Lan Doky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The organization JazzDanmark,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> funded by the Danish government, works to promote jazz in Denmark and Danish jazz abroad. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rock">Rock</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rock"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Danish_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish rock">Danish rock</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anne_Linnet-Concert_20060720_Odense_Denmark.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Anne_Linnet-Concert_20060720_Odense_Denmark.jpg/200px-Anne_Linnet-Concert_20060720_Odense_Denmark.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Anne_Linnet-Concert_20060720_Odense_Denmark.jpg/300px-Anne_Linnet-Concert_20060720_Odense_Denmark.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Anne_Linnet-Concert_20060720_Odense_Denmark.jpg/400px-Anne_Linnet-Concert_20060720_Odense_Denmark.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2058" data-file-height="1623" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Anne_Linnet" title="Anne Linnet">Anne Linnet</a> at a concert in <a href="/wiki/Odense" title="Odense">Odense</a>, 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early days of rock and beat, some Danish artists quickly adapted this new type of music with success. Bands like <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_og_Ulvene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter og Ulvene (page does not exist)">Peter og Ulvene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Henry_and_his_Butlers" title="Sir Henry and his Butlers">Sir Henry and his Butlers</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Beefeaters" title="The Beefeaters">The Beefeaters</a> and later on <a href="/wiki/Steppeulvene" title="Steppeulvene">Steppeulvene</a> (the Steppenwolves), <a href="/wiki/Alrune_Rod" title="Alrune Rod">Alrune Rod</a> and <a href="/wiki/Savage_Rose" class="mw-redirect" title="Savage Rose">Savage Rose</a> were among the popular bands in Denmark throughout the 1960s and early 1970s. Still, Danish rock and pop music in those days resembled more of German schlager than American or British rock. </p><p>The Danish rock scene thrived in the 1970s when groups drew on trends in the United States and Britain. Many consider their style to be Danish although this seems mainly to be due to the language of the songs and the way they fit into the national agenda. The most successful have been <a href="/wiki/Gasolin%27" title="Gasolin'">Gasolin'</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shu-Bi-Dua" class="mw-redirect" title="Shu-Bi-Dua">Shu-Bi-Dua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_(Danish_musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian (Danish musician)">Sebastian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anne_Linnet" title="Anne Linnet">Anne Linnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gnags" title="Gnags">Gnags</a>, <a href="/wiki/TV-2_(band)" title="TV-2 (band)">TV-2</a>, and more recently <a href="/wiki/Magtens_Korridorer" title="Magtens Korridorer">Magtens Korridorer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kim_Larsen" title="Kim Larsen">Kim Larsen</a> who had played with Gasolin' went on to become a very successful solo artist in his own right while Sebastian has composed a number of successful musicals for theatre and film. The versatile Anne Linnet is still popular in Denmark today.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until fairly recently, few Danish rock groups had been successful outside Denmark. An exception was <a href="/wiki/D-A-D" class="mw-redirect" title="D-A-D">D-A-D</a> (formerly Disneyland After Dark) who had a hit with <a href="/wiki/Sleeping_My_Day_Away" title="Sleeping My Day Away">Sleeping My Day Away</a> in the early 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, however, with the Music Export Denmark initiative, several rock bands are doing increasingly well internationally. These include <a href="/wiki/Mew_(band)" title="Mew (band)">Mew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iceage" title="Iceage">Iceage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volbeat" title="Volbeat">Volbeat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_(Danish_band)" title="Kashmir (Danish band)">Kashmir</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Raveonettes" title="The Raveonettes">The Raveonettes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Van" title="The Blue Van">Blue Van</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mxd_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mxd-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Raveonettes-2005-Roskilde.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/The_Raveonettes-2005-Roskilde.jpg/200px-The_Raveonettes-2005-Roskilde.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/The_Raveonettes-2005-Roskilde.jpg/300px-The_Raveonettes-2005-Roskilde.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/The_Raveonettes-2005-Roskilde.jpg/400px-The_Raveonettes-2005-Roskilde.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Raveonettes" title="The Raveonettes">The Raveonettes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roskilde_Festival" title="Roskilde Festival">Roskilde Festival</a>, 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>Other rock artists worth mentioning are <a href="/wiki/The_Kissaway_Trail" title="The Kissaway Trail">The Kissaway Trail</a>, <a href="/wiki/Junior_Senior" title="Junior Senior">Junior Senior</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nephew_(band)" title="Nephew (band)">Nephew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carpark_North" title="Carpark North">Carpark North</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saybia" title="Saybia">Saybia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veto_(band)" title="Veto (band)">VETO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swan_Lee" title="Swan Lee">Swan Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAn%C3%A9" title="Dúné">Dúné</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volbeat" title="Volbeat">Volbeat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Mizz_Lizzy" title="Dizzy Mizz Lizzy">Dizzy Mizz Lizzy</a> which has just had a revival.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Famous Danish rock and metal musicians include <a href="/wiki/Lars_Ulrich" title="Lars Ulrich">Lars Ulrich</a>, the drummer and co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Tramp" title="Mike Tramp">Mike Tramp</a>, the vocalist and co-songwriter of <a href="/wiki/White_Lion" title="White Lion">White Lion</a>, and Kim Bendix Petersen, aka <a href="/wiki/King_Diamond" title="King Diamond">King Diamond</a>, vocalist of Danish heavy metal band <a href="/wiki/Mercyful_Fate" title="Mercyful Fate">Mercyful Fate</a> and the eponymous <a href="/wiki/King_Diamond_(band)" title="King Diamond (band)">King Diamond</a>. </p><p>The annual <a href="/wiki/Roskilde_Festival" title="Roskilde Festival">Roskilde Festival</a> is held in Danish city of <a href="/wiki/Roskilde" title="Roskilde">Roskilde</a>. The festival is the second-largest in Europe with ticket sales normally running from 70,000 to 100,000. The festival has featured many prominent artists (mainly rock), such as <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses" title="Guns N' Roses">Guns N' Roses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slipknot_(band)" title="Slipknot (band)">Slipknot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Leon" title="Kings of Leon">Kings of Leon</a>, <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Black_Sabbath" title="Black Sabbath">Black Sabbath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a>, and there has also been an emphasis on world music, alternative genres and Danish music at the festival. In 2000, the festival suffered a terrible accident during a <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Jam" title="Pearl Jam">Pearl Jam</a> concert where nine people were crushed by the wild crowds, making security a primary issue of the following festivals. The festival has suffered no further incidents of the kind.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pop">Pop</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Pop"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medina_Aalborg_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Medina_Aalborg_2009.jpg/190px-Medina_Aalborg_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Medina_Aalborg_2009.jpg/285px-Medina_Aalborg_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Medina_Aalborg_2009.jpg/380px-Medina_Aalborg_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Medina_(singer)" title="Medina (singer)">Medina</a> – one of the most successful Danish artists.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Helmig_(Musician).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Thomas_Helmig_%28Musician%29.jpg/140px-Thomas_Helmig_%28Musician%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Thomas_Helmig_%28Musician%29.jpg/210px-Thomas_Helmig_%28Musician%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Thomas_Helmig_%28Musician%29.jpg/280px-Thomas_Helmig_%28Musician%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="724" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Helmig" title="Thomas Helmig">Thomas Helmig</a> performing in <a href="/wiki/Aalborg" title="Aalborg">Aalborg</a>, 2009</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tina_Dico.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Tina_Dico.jpg/220px-Tina_Dico.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Tina_Dico.jpg/330px-Tina_Dico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Tina_Dico.jpg/440px-Tina_Dico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2052" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tina_Dico" title="Tina Dico">Tina Dico</a> in concert in Det Musiske Hus in Frederikshavn in February 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>As with rock music, the Danish pop scene has recently benefitted from the Music Export Denmark initiative. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Helmig" title="Thomas Helmig">Thomas Helmig</a> is one of the most popular Danish pop artists who has won awards at the <a href="/wiki/Danish_Music_Awards" title="Danish Music Awards">Danish Music Awards</a> (DMA) eight times.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Dico" title="Tina Dico">Tina Dico</a> is a Danish singer-songwriter who has won several prizes including awards at the <a href="/wiki/Danish_Music_Awards" title="Danish Music Awards">Danish Music Awards</a> in 2004 and 2006. Her most famous songs are "Welcome Back Colour", "Count To Ten", "Copenhagen", "Warm Sand", "Nobody's Man", "Sacre Coeur", "Open Wide", "On The Run" and "Moon To Let". She is also very popular in the UK when she collaborated with the band <a href="/wiki/Zero_7" title="Zero 7">Zero 7</a> in 2003 with whom she also made the popular song "Home". Tina is also known as the owner of her own record label called Finest Gramophone.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina_(singer)" title="Medina (singer)">Medina</a> is currently one of the most successful artists of this country and she is known in most European countries, US and Mexico. She sings both in Danish and English. She has made about ten singles in the top 2 of Denmark. Most famous is the song <i>Kun for Mig</i> ("Only for me"), other popular songs are <i>Ensom</i>, <i>Vi to</i>, <i>For altid</i>, <i>Velkommen Til Medina</i>, <i>Synd For Dig</i>, <i>Kl. 10</i>, <i>Addiction</i> and <i>Gutter</i>.</li> <li>Karen Marie Ørsted, better known by her stage name <a href="/wiki/M%C3%98" title="MØ">MØ</a>, is a Danish singer-songwriter signed to <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Sony Music Entertainment">Sony Music Entertainment</a>. She has also featured in hit-singles including "<a href="/wiki/Lean_On" title="Lean On">Lean On</a>", which charted number one in over 20 countries, and "<a href="/wiki/Cold_Water_(song)" title="Cold Water (song)">Cold Water</a>", which features Canadian singer <a href="/wiki/Justin_Bieber" title="Justin Bieber">Justin Bieber</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh_Land" title="Oh Land">Oh Land</a> is a Danish singer-songwriter with great success in Europe and the US. She had her TV debut on the Late Show with David Letterman with her song "Son of a Gun" in 2010. She has been touring around the US with stars like <a href="/wiki/Katy_Perry" title="Katy Perry">Katy Perry</a> in 2011. Another of her popular songs is <i>White nights</i> released in 2011.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_Dione" title="Aura Dione">Aura</a> is another successful singer who in 2010 reached the top of the charts in Germany and was doing well in the rest of Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-mxd_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mxd-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infernal_(Danish_band)" title="Infernal (Danish band)">Infernal</a> are a popular group who have progressed in Europe with singers <a href="/wiki/Lina_Rafn" title="Lina Rafn">Lina Rafn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paw_Lagermann" title="Paw Lagermann">Paw Lagermann</a>. Their most successful hits have been "<a href="/wiki/From_Paris_to_Berlin" title="From Paris to Berlin">From Paris to Berlin</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Ten_Miles" title="Ten Miles">Ten Miles</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Obel" title="Agnes Obel">Agnes Obel</a> is a Danish singer-songwriter. Her first album, <i><a href="/wiki/Philharmonics_(album)" title="Philharmonics (album)">Philharmonics</a></i>, was released by <a href="/wiki/PIAS_Recordings" title="PIAS Recordings">PIAS Recordings</a> on 4 October 2010 in Denmark, Norway, Germany and other European countries.<sup id="cite_ref-Gaffa_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaffa-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since February 2011, <i><a href="/wiki/Philharmonics_(album)" title="Philharmonics (album)">Philharmonics</a></i> is certified double platinum.<sup id="cite_ref-ifpi_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ifpi-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2011, Obel won at the <a href="/wiki/Danish_Music_Awards" title="Danish Music Awards">Danish Music Awards</a> five prizes for : Best Album of the Year, Best Pop Release of the Year, Best Debut Artist of the Year, Best Female Artist of the Year and Best Songwriter of the Year.<sup id="cite_ref-nyhederne_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyhederne-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her most famous song is "Riverside".</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallulah" title="Fallulah">Fallulah</a> is a Danish young pop music songwriter and singer. She is known for her debut single <i>I Lay My Head</i> which was the prequel to the album <i>The Black Cat Neighbourhood</i>. Other popular songs from this album are <i>Give Us a Little Love</i> and <i>Out of It</i>. Fallulah's music can be accounted to the pop music genre but according to her own statements is a mix of <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a> and Balkan beats, which adds a hint of folklore to her productions.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasmus_Seebach" title="Rasmus Seebach">Rasmus Seebach</a> is a Danish singer-songwriter who sings in his mother tongue language. He has had great success in the Scandianvian countries. Among his most successful songs are <i>Lidt i fem</i>, <i>Natteravn</i> and <i>I mine øjne</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabeat" title="Alphabeat">Alphabeat</a>, have been successful in the UK with top 20 hits <a href="/wiki/Fascination_(Alphabeat_song)" title="Fascination (Alphabeat song)">Fascination</a>, <a href="/wiki/10,000_Nights" class="mw-redirect" title="10,000 Nights">10,000 Nights</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Spell_(song)" title="The Spell (song)">The Spell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_G" title="Burhan G">Burhan G</a> is a Danish R&B and pop singer, songwriter and producer of Kurdish/Turkish origin. In 2010 he was certified platinum in Denmark for his album <i>Burhan G</i>. He has had many singles including two No. 1 hits, <i>Mest ondt</i> featuring Medina and <i>Tættere på himlen</i> featuring Nik & Jay.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nik_%26_Jay" title="Nik & Jay">Nik & Jay</a> is a popular Danish R&B/hip hop/pop duo which has produced many popular singles such as <i>Hot!</i> in 2003 and <i>Mod solnedgangen</i> from</li></ul> <p>Popular in the early and mid 90s was the pop-soft rock band <a href="/wiki/Michael_Learns_to_Rock" title="Michael Learns to Rock">Michael Learns to Rock</a>, whose brand of ballads made it a popular act in many Asian markets,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> selling nearly 9 million records in Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Danish band with a big impact outside of Denmark is the <a href="/wiki/Europop" title="Europop">Europop</a> group <a href="/wiki/Aqua_(band)" title="Aqua (band)">Aqua</a>, whose hit "<a href="/wiki/Barbie_Girl" title="Barbie Girl">Barbie Girl</a>" helped the band sell a total of 15 million albums and 6 million singles.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Denmark also participates in the annual <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Eurovision Song Contest">Eurovision Song Contest</a>, and holds its own <a href="/wiki/Dansk_Melodi_Grand_Prix" title="Dansk Melodi Grand Prix">Dansk Melodi Grand Prix</a> competition to select the song that will represent the country in the Eurovision contest. Denmark has won the Eurovision Song Contest three times: first with <a href="/wiki/Grethe_%26_J%C3%B8rgen_Ingmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Grethe & Jørgen Ingmann">Grethe & Jørgen Ingmann</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Dansevise" title="Dansevise">Dansevise</a>" in 1963; the second with <a href="/wiki/Olsen_Brothers" title="Olsen Brothers">Brødrene Olsen</a>'s (Olsen Brothers) "<a href="/wiki/Fly_on_the_Wings_of_Love" title="Fly on the Wings of Love">Fly on the Wings of Love</a>" (from the <a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a> <i>Smuk Som Et Stjerneskud</i>, literally "Beautiful as a shooting star") in 2000. And most recently, in 2013, <a href="/wiki/Emmelie_de_Forest" title="Emmelie de Forest">Emmelie de Forest</a> with "<a href="/wiki/Only_Teardrops" title="Only Teardrops">Only Teardrops</a>" scored 281 points at <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" title="Malmö">Malmö</a>, winning the contest with a margin of 47 points over runner-up <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>. Denmark therefore hosted the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2014" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2014">Eurovision Song Contest 2014</a> in Copenhagen.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Danish entrants at the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2010" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2010">Eurovision Song Contest 2010</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christina_Chan%C3%A9e" title="Christina Chanée">Christina Chanée</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tomas_N%27evergreen" title="Tomas N'evergreen">Tomas N'evergreen</a> with "<a href="/wiki/In_a_Moment_Like_This" class="mw-redirect" title="In a Moment Like This">In a Moment Like This</a>", were already doing well in Eastern Europe ahead of the contest as their song became the most popular download in several countries.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some hit songs of Danish origin have become international hits after being covered by foreign artists. <a href="/wiki/Vengaboys" title="Vengaboys">Vengaboys</a> covered <a href="/wiki/The_Walkers_(Danish_band)" title="The Walkers (Danish band)">The Walkers</a>' "<a href="/wiki/Shalala_Lala" class="mw-redirect" title="Shalala Lala">Shalala Lala</a>", <a href="/wiki/Jamelia" title="Jamelia">Jamelia</a> covered <a href="/wiki/Christine_Milton" title="Christine Milton">Christine Milton</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Superstar_(Jamelia_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Superstar (Jamelia song)">Superstar</a>", <a href="/wiki/Shayne_Ward" title="Shayne Ward">Shayne Ward</a> covered <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Rice" title="Bryan Rice">Bryan Rice</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/No_Promises_(Bryan_Rice_song)" title="No Promises (Bryan Rice song)">No Promises</a>" and <a href="/wiki/Celine_Dion" title="Celine Dion">Celine Dion</a> covered <a href="/wiki/Tim_Christensen" title="Tim Christensen">Tim Christensen</a>'s "Right Next to the Right One". Different covers of <a href="/wiki/Rune_RK" class="mw-redirect" title="Rune RK">Rune</a>'s "Calabria" have also been international hits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electronic_music">Electronic music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Electronic music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SafriDuo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/SafriDuo.jpg/200px-SafriDuo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/SafriDuo.jpg/300px-SafriDuo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/SafriDuo.jpg/400px-SafriDuo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="354" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Safri_Duo" title="Safri Duo">Safri Duo</a> performing in <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a>, 2005</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Else_Marie_Pade" title="Else Marie Pade">Else Marie Pade</a> was a Danish pioneer in <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic music</a> as early as the 1950s. She knew and worked with <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Schaeffer" title="Pierre Schaeffer">Pierre Schaeffer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">Karlheinz Stockhausen</a> and has continued to make appearances on the Danish electronica scene well into the new millennium. With his Coma parties, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Bager" title="Kenneth Bager">Kenneth Bager</a> brought <a href="/wiki/Acid_house" title="Acid house">acid house</a> to Denmark in 1988 and was active in building a Danish club scene, moving venues from the discothèques to deserted factories and basements.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most successful Danish electronic musician internationally is <a href="/wiki/Trentem%C3%B8ller" title="Trentemøller">Trentemøller</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while from a very early age <a href="/wiki/Mike_Sheridan" title="Mike Sheridan">Mike Sheridan</a> has achieved success and been labelled a name of the future.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the more mainstream part of the genre, <a href="/wiki/Safri_Duo" title="Safri Duo">Safri Duo</a> also experienced international success with their mixture of tribal sound and electronica; also in the electronic scene adding elements of string and brass instruments is the indie folk/electronic four-piece <a href="/wiki/Efterklang" title="Efterklang">Efterklang</a>. </p><p>A leading Danish venue for electronic music is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Culture_Box&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Culture Box (page does not exist)">Culture Box</a> in Copenhagen which is subsidised by the Ministry of Culture as a regional music venue, enabling it to keep a high artistic profile.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Strøm and <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Distortion" title="Copenhagen Distortion">Copenhagen Distortion</a> festivals are also dedicated to the capital's electronic and club music scene.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jesper_Kyd" title="Jesper Kyd">Jesper Kyd</a> is a famous Danish video game composer, who has been incorporating sounds of <a href="/wiki/Dark_ambient" title="Dark ambient">dark ambient</a>, electronic and symphonic music into his music and has won many awards. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Martin_Jensen_(DJ)" title="Martin Jensen (DJ)">Martin Jensen</a> with the UK hit "<a href="/wiki/Solo_Dance_(song)" title="Solo Dance (song)">Solo Dance</a>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Folk">Folk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Folk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Danish_traditional_music" title="Danish traditional music">Danish traditional music</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eiv%C3%B8r_in_T%C3%B8nder_25_august_2006_0165.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Eiv%C3%B8r_in_T%C3%B8nder_25_august_2006_0165.jpg/200px-Eiv%C3%B8r_in_T%C3%B8nder_25_august_2006_0165.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Eiv%C3%B8r_in_T%C3%B8nder_25_august_2006_0165.jpg/300px-Eiv%C3%B8r_in_T%C3%B8nder_25_august_2006_0165.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Eiv%C3%B8r_in_T%C3%B8nder_25_august_2006_0165.jpg/400px-Eiv%C3%B8r_in_T%C3%B8nder_25_august_2006_0165.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2365" data-file-height="1973" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sebastian_(Danish_musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian (Danish musician)">Sebastian</a> performing with <a href="/wiki/Eiv%C3%B8r_P%C3%A1lsd%C3%B3ttir" class="mw-redirect" title="Eivør Pálsdóttir">Eivør Pálsdóttir</a> at <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B8nder" title="Tønder">Tønder</a> in 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally, Danish folk music has relied on a <a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">fiddle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">accordion</a> duo but, unlike its Scandinavian neighbours, Danish fiddlers almost always play in groups with few solo performance. Danish bands also tend to feature the guitar more prominently than the other <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-moabmusicfest_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moabmusicfest-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fiddle and accordion duos play generally rhythmic <a href="/wiki/Dance_music" title="Dance music">dance music</a>, local versions of the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_folk_dance_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordic folk dance music">Nordic folk dance music</a>. The oldest variety is called <a href="/wiki/Pols" title="Pols">pols</a>, and it is now mostly found on <a href="/wiki/Fan%C3%B8" title="Fanø">Fanø</a> with variants such as <i>Sønderhoning</i> from <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8nderho" title="Sønderho">Sønderho</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-moabmusicfest_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moabmusicfest-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first systematic collection of popular folk songs, some of which go back centuries, was undertaken by the folklore collector <a href="/wiki/Evald_Tang_Kristensen" title="Evald Tang Kristensen">Evald Tang Kristensen</a> (1843–1929). These important sources were then transferred to the Danish Folklore Archives, established in 1904. The popular dance music tradition was continued into the 20th century by musicians such as the violinist <a href="/wiki/Evald_Thomsen" title="Evald Thomsen">Evald Thomsen</a> (1913–93).<sup id="cite_ref-folk_music_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-folk_music-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lars_Lilholt_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lars_Lilholt_1.jpg/120px-Lars_Lilholt_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lars_Lilholt_1.jpg/180px-Lars_Lilholt_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lars_Lilholt_1.jpg/240px-Lars_Lilholt_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lars_Lilholt" title="Lars Lilholt">Lars Lilholt</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Danish traditional music experienced a renaissance when the Anglo-American folk song wave hit Denmark around 1970. Among the prominent soloists, often composing new songs, were <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_(Danish_musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian (Danish musician)">Sebastian</a>, Poul Dissing and <a href="/wiki/Niels_Hausgaard" title="Niels Hausgaard">Niels Hausgaard</a>. The successful Lars Lilholt Band led by the violinist <a href="/wiki/Lars_Lilholt" title="Lars Lilholt">Lars Lilholt</a> combines the folk music tradition with rock. A new and refreshing combination of techno music and medieval ballads has been provided by the group <a href="/wiki/Sorten_Muld" title="Sorten Muld">Sorten Muld</a> since their first recording in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-folk_music_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-folk_music-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The formation of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Danish_Folk_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danish Folk Council (page does not exist)">Danish Folk Council</a> to actively promote folk music both at home and abroad has helped raise the profile.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Curiously, Danish folk music received its biggest boost from the home chart success of Sorten Muld, who used acoustic and electric instruments and <a href="/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica">electronica</a> on old songs to create something very contemporary on its best-selling albums. Some of the best-known artists in recent years include <a href="/wiki/Harald_Haugaard" title="Harald Haugaard">Harald Haugaard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dreamers%27_Circus" title="Dreamers' Circus">Dreamers' Circus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-moabmusicfest_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-moabmusicfest-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music_schools">Music schools</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Music schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of the reform of <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Denmark" title="Municipalities of Denmark">Danish municipalities</a> in 2008 it was established by law that each of the 98 municipalities runs a music school. The first Danish music schools were formed in the 1930s with inspiration from Germany. From 1991 Musikloven – Law on Music – has had a chapter on music schools. According to the law the purposes of the music schools are to develop and support the musical talents and knowledge and to enhance music in the local communities. The primary goal is to engage with children and youth (0–24 years), but activities for adults are also possible. The financing of the music schools are divided among state, municipality and students (or parents of students). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music_in_everyday_life">Music in everyday life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Music in everyday life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Music is an important part of the lives of most Danes. One of the carefully observed traditions is to include music at celebrations at large, including family oriented ones such as wedding parties, birthdays and anniversaries. Indeed, it is not only common to engage one or more musicians for dancing but it is usual for the guests to write songs, normally to well-known traditional tunes, in honour of those to be celebrated.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is also a popular tradition of choir singing. There are hundreds of amateur choirs throughout Denmark, usually specialising in traditional Danish songs or folk music.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Denmark has two national anthems, which are widely performed. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_er_et_yndigt_land" title="Der er et yndigt land">Der er et yndigt land</a></i> (There Is a Lovely Country) is sung loudly and enthusiastically at sporting events and is the most popular. Lyrics are by the Danish poet <a href="/wiki/Adam_Oehlenschl%C3%A4ger" title="Adam Oehlenschläger">Adam Oehlenschläger</a> and music by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Ernst_Kr%C3%B8yer" title="Hans Ernst Krøyer">Hans Ernst Krøyer</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kong_Kristian_stod_ved_h%C3%B8jen_mast" class="mw-redirect" title="Kong Kristian stod ved højen mast">Kong Kristian stod ved højen mast</a></i> (King Christian Stood by Tow'ring Mast), is sung on official occasions when the royal family is represented. Lyrics are by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Ewald" title="Johannes Ewald">Johannes Ewald</a> while music was probably written by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ditlev_Ludwig_Rogert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ditlev Ludwig Rogert (page does not exist)">Ditlev Ludwig Rogert</a> and can be heard in the final tableau of <a href="/wiki/Elves%27_Hill" title="Elves' Hill">Elverhøj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-netpub_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netpub-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_venues">Popular venues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Popular venues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Copenhagen_Opera_House_-_side_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Copenhagen_Opera_House_-_side_view.jpg/200px-Copenhagen_Opera_House_-_side_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Copenhagen_Opera_House_-_side_view.jpg/300px-Copenhagen_Opera_House_-_side_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Copenhagen_Opera_House_-_side_view.jpg/400px-Copenhagen_Opera_House_-_side_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3981" data-file-height="2149" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Opera_House" title="Copenhagen Opera House">Copenhagen Opera House</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In recent years, there have been two important developments for the Danish music scene. The first was the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Opera_House" title="Copenhagen Opera House">Copenhagen Opera House</a> in 2005 where ever since full houses have applauded the performances of the great European operas and some of Denmark's more recent contributions.<sup id="cite_ref-opera_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opera-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other was the completion of <a href="/wiki/Danmarks_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Danmarks Radio">Danmarks Radio</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Concert_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Copenhagen Concert Hall">Concert Hall</a> in 2009 where the national broadcaster not only presents its orchestral music but also choirs, jazz, rock and pop.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other important venues for music include: </p> <ul><li>The Old Stage of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Theatre" title="Royal Danish Theatre">Royal Danish Theatre</a> in the centre of Copenhagen where in particular performances of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Ballet" title="Royal Danish Ballet">Royal Danish Ballet</a> can be seen.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tivoli_Concert_Hall-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tivoli_Concert_Hall-2.jpg/200px-Tivoli_Concert_Hall-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tivoli_Concert_Hall-2.jpg/300px-Tivoli_Concert_Hall-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tivoli_Concert_Hall-2.jpg/400px-Tivoli_Concert_Hall-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>Tivoli Concert Hall</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Tivoli_Gardens#Tivoli_Concert_Hall" title="Tivoli Gardens">Tivoli Concert Hall</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Tivoli_Gardens" title="Tivoli Gardens">Tivoli Gardens</a> where orchestral music, singers, jazz and other musical events feature in the programme every summer, frequently with the participation of the <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Philharmonic_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Copenhagen Philharmonic Orchestra">Tivoli Symphony Orchestra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Det_Ny_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Det Ny Theater">Det Ny Theater</a> in Copenhagen specializes in Danish productions of musicals.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Musikhuset Aarhus, the Concert Hall of <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a>, presents a wide variety of classical and popular music including singing and dance.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Festivals">Festivals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Festivals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Denmark#Music" title="List of festivals in Denmark">List of festivals in Denmark § Music</a></div> <p>Music festivals are plentiful throughout the country and are very popular, with more than 130,000 attendees at <a href="/wiki/Roskilde_Festival" title="Roskilde Festival">Roskilde Festival</a>, the largest music festival in Northern Europe and around 300,000 partygoers to <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Distortion" title="Copenhagen Distortion">Copenhagen Distortion</a> street festival. Many smaller recurring music festivals of all genres are held throughout and on all times of the year. This includes the <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Jazz_Festival" title="Copenhagen Jazz Festival">Copenhagen Jazz Festival</a>, the traveling <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B8n_Koncert" title="Grøn Koncert">Grøn Koncert</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B8nder_Festival" title="Tønder Festival">Tønder Festival</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aalborg_Opera_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aalborg Opera Festival (page does not exist)">Aalborg Opera Festival</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thy_Chamber_Music_Festival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thy Chamber Music Festival (page does not exist)">Thy Chamber Music Festival</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skagen_Festival" title="Skagen Festival">Skagen Festival</a>, among many others.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_bands" title="List of Danish bands">List of Danish bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Danish_composers" title="List of Danish composers">List of Danish composers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_jazz" title="Danish jazz">Danish jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish rock">Danish rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Music of the Faroe Islands">Music of the Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Greenland" title="Music of Greenland">Music of Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roskilde_Festival" title="Roskilde Festival">Roskilde Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Music_Awards" title="Danish Music Awards">Danish Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Composer_and_Songwriter_Alliance" title="European Composer and Songwriter Alliance">European Composer and Songwriter Alliance</a> (ECSA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Culture_Canon" title="Danish Culture Canon">Danish Culture Canon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-um.dk-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-um.dk_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um.dk_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um.dk_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um.dk_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-um.dk_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap4/4-11.asp">"Denmark – Culture – Music", Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>. Retrieved 9 March 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605071125/http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap4/4-11.asp">Archived</a> 5 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abel.hive.no/trompet/lur/bronze/brudevaelte.html">The Brudevælte Lurs</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927093305/http://abel.hive.no/trompet/lur/bronze/brudevaelte.html">Archived</a> 27 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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April 1689"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151031225312/http://home.online.no/~cfscheel/brand.htm">Archived</a> 31 October 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Emil Bergmanns Forlag, København 1886. <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span> Retrieved 10 February 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Lib/Buxtehude-Dietrich.htm">"Dietrich Buxtehude (Composer)"</a>, Bach-Cantatas.com. Retrieved 13 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap4/4-11-3.asp#4-11-3">Carsten E. Hatting, "18th and 19th Centuries: Opera and Concerts".</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605071206/http://www.um.dk/Publikationer/UM/English/Denmark/kap4/4-11-3.asp">Archived</a> 5 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Denmark – Culture – Music, Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 10 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weyse.dk/index.php?id=57">"C.E.F. Weyse – den første danske guldalderkomponist"</a>. <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span>. Retrieved 10 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070701211844/http://www.sys-matthiesen.dk/cm58/">"Friedrich Daniel Rudolph Kuhlau 1786–1832"</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span> Retrieved 10 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-netpub-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-netpub_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-netpub_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-netpub_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719130120/http://www.netpub.dk/netpub/client_projects/udenrigsministeriet/project/8887/8887/pdf/Classical_Music.pdf">"Factsheet Denmark – Classical Music"</a>, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. Retrieved 11 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dennyopera.dk/farinelli/index.asp?menuid=1&operaid=23">"Farinelli"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160208212152/http://www.dennyopera.dk/farinelli/index.asp?menuid=1&operaid=23">Archived</a> 8 February 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Den Ny Opera. <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span> Retrieved 19 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dacapo-records.dk/artist-emil-reesen.aspx">"Emil Reesen"</a>, Dacapo records. Retrieved 19 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-opera-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-opera_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-opera_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060503153102/http://www.kglteater.dk/OmKunstarterne/Opera/historie.aspx">"The History of the Royal Danish Opera"</a>, The Royal Danish Theatre. Retrieved 17 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ugle.dk/j_p_e_hartmann.html">"Gamle Danske Sange – med melodi af J. P. E. Hartmann"</a>. <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span> Retrieved 11 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEinstein1947" class="citation book cs1">Einstein, Alfred (1947). <i>Music in the Romantic Era</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mike+Sheridan%3A+Techno+Boy+Wonder&rft.pub=All+Scandinavian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fallscandinavian.com%2F1050%2Fmike-sheridan-techno-boy-wonder%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aok.dk/natteliv/culture-box">"Culture Box"</a>. AOK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Culture+Box&rft.pub=AOK&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aok.dk%2Fnatteliv%2Fculture-box&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+of+Denmark" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stromcph.dk/Default.aspx?id=4">"This is Strøm".</a> Retrieved 16 March 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090615072115/http://www.stromcph.dk/Default.aspx?id=4">Archived</a> 15 June 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cphdistortion.dk/about/about/">"Distortion 2010 about"</a>. Retrieved 15 March 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090904174452/http://cphdistortion.dk/about/about/">Archived</a> 4 September 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-moabmusicfest-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-moabmusicfest_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-moabmusicfest_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-moabmusicfest_61-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moabmusicfest.org/Norse_by_NorseWest_School_Assembly">Norse by Norse(West) School Assembly 2009</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-folk_music-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-folk_music_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-folk_music_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.danishmusic.info/index.php?id=1295">Bendt Viinholt Nielsen, "Folk Music in Denmark – in brief"</a>, DanishMusic.info. Retrieved 15 March 2020.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.folkmusic.dk/view.php3?SectionID=635&ContentID=2512&ParentIDs=/">"The Danish Folk Council"</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>. Retrieved 15 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Livsstil,_sport_og_fritid/Underholdning_og_spil/Forestillinger_og_forlystelser/Fest">"Fest"</a>, <i>Den store Danske</i>. <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span> Retrieved 18 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kor72.dk/dk/om_kor_72/">Lisbeth Gråkjær, "Om Kor 72"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100122055023/http://www.kor72.dk/dk/om_kor_72/">Archived</a> 22 January 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span> Retrieved 19 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ambnewdelhi.um.dk/en/menu/InfoDenmark/DanishNationalSymbols/TheDanishNationalAnthems/">"The Danish National Anthems"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719132835/http://www.ambnewdelhi.um.dk/en/menu/InfoDenmark/DanishNationalSymbols/TheDanishNationalAnthems/">Archived</a> 19 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Embassy of Denmark, New Delhi. Retrieved 19 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dr.dk/Koncerthuset/inenglish/koncerthuset_1.htm">"The best modern acoustics"</a>, Dr.dk. Retrieved 20 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120803161456/http://www.kglteater.dk/sitecore/content/site/OplevTeateret/Rundvisninger/gamle_scene.aspx">"Old Stage"</a>, The Royal Danish Theatre. Retrieved 20 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tivoli.dk/composite-5885.htm">"The Concert Hall"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101129165505/http://tivoli.dk/composite-5885.htm">Archived</a> 29 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Tivoli.dk. Retrieved 20 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.detnyteater.dk/">"Det Ny Theater"</a>. Retrieved 20 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musikhusetaarhus.dk/">"Musik Huset Aarhus"</a>. Retrieved 20 March 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gaffa.com/festivalguide/dk">Festivalguide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160618025847/http://gaffa.com/festivalguide/dk">Archived</a> 18 June 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Gaffa <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitdenmark.dk/da/danmark/musikfestivaler-i-danmark">Musikfestivaler i Danmark</a> VisitDenmark <span class="languageicon">(in Danish)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://musicfromdenmark.blogspot.com/">Denmark Music</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071215061510/http://www.koda.dk/presse/nyhedsarkiv/top-10-over-de-mest-spillede-danske-verker-i-udlandet-i-2005/?searchterm=mest%20spillede">The 11 most played Danish works outside of Denmark in 2004</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://musicfromdenmark.blogspot.com/">A List Of Danish Indie Artists</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.composeralliance.org/">European Composer and Songwriter Alliance – ECSA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101210035705/http://www.thelineofbestfit.com/2010/09/pop-scene-denmark/">The Line Of Best Fit – Pop Scene // Denmark</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_Denmark&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cronshaw, Andrew. "A New Pulse for the Pols". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), <i>World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East</i>, pp 58–63. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85828-636-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85828-636-0">1-85828-636-0</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Music of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Finland" title="Music of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Greenland" title="Music of Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iceland" title="Music of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Norway" title="Music of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Russia" title="Music of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sweden" title="Music of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_music" title="Sámi music">Sámi</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Karelia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Karelia">Karelia</a></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Denmark_articles586" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_Denmark" title="Archaeology of Denmark">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Union" title="Kalmar Union">Kalmar Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation_in_Denmark%E2%80%93Norway_and_Holstein" title="Reformation in Denmark–Norway and Holstein">Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danevirke" title="Danevirke">Danevirke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norway" title="Denmark–Norway">Denmark–Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_colonial_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish colonial empire">Danish Empire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Danish colonization of the Americas">Colonization of the Americas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Golden_Age" title="Danish Golden Age">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Monetary_Union" title="Scandinavian Monetary Union">Scandinavian Monetary Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Denmark" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Denmark">Postal history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A5neland" title="Skåneland">Skånelandene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Schleswig-Holstein" title="History of Schleswig-Holstein">Slesvig-Holsten</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Schleswig" title="Duchy of Schleswig">Duchy of Schleswig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Holstein" title="Duchy of Holstein">Duchy of Holstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxe-Lauenburg#Post-Napoleon" title="Saxe-Lauenburg">Duchy of Lauenburg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark_in_World_War_II" title="Denmark in World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rescue_of_the_Danish_Jews" title="Rescue of the Danish Jews">Rescue of the Danish Jews</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Denmark" title="Geography of Denmark">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Denmark" title="List of birds of Denmark">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Denmark_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Denmark by population">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_straits" title="Danish straits">Danish straits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_Denmark" title="List of extreme points of Denmark">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Denmark" title="Geography of Denmark">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_forests_in_Denmark" title="List of forests in Denmark">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Denmark" title="List of islands of Denmark">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Denmark" title="List of lakes of Denmark">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Denmark" title="List of mammals of Denmark">Mammals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hills_and_mountains_in_Denmark" title="List of hills and mountains in Denmark">Mountains and hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Denmark" title="Regions of Denmark">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Denmark" title="List of rivers of Denmark">Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Denmark" title="Politics of Denmark">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Denmark" title="Regions of Denmark">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederiksen_II_Cabinet" title="Frederiksen II Cabinet">Current cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Denmark" title="Constitution of Denmark">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Denmark" title="Corruption in Denmark">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Denmark" title="Courts of Denmark">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Denmark" title="Elections in Denmark">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folketing" title="Folketing">Folketing (<span style="font-size:85%;">Danish Parliament</span>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Denmark" title="Foreign relations of Denmark">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Denmark" title="Human rights in Denmark">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_Denmark" title="Freedom of speech in Denmark">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Denmark">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Denmark" title="Law of Denmark">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Denmark" title="Law enforcement in Denmark">enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Denmark" title="Monarchy of Denmark">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_unity_of_the_Realm" class="mw-redirect" title="The unity of the Realm">The unity of the Realm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Denmark" title="Prime Minister of Denmark">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Defence" title="Danish Defence">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Denmark" title="List of political parties in Denmark">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OMX_Copenhagen_25" title="OMX Copenhagen 25">OMX Copenhagen 25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_property_bubble_of_2000s" title="Danish property bubble of 2000s">2000s property bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Denmark" title="Energy in Denmark">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexicurity" title="Flexicurity">Flexicurity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_Denmark" title="Income inequality in Denmark">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_krone" title="Danish krone">Krone <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danmarks_Nationalbank" title="Danmarks Nationalbank">National Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Copenhagen Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Denmark" title="Taxation in Denmark">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Denmark" title="Telecommunications in Denmark">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Denmark" title="Tourism in Denmark">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Denmark" title="Transport in Denmark">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Denmark" title="Rail transport in Denmark">Rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Denmark" title="Category:Society of Denmark">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danes" title="Danes">Danes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Denmark" title="Demographics of Denmark">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Denmark" title="Education in Denmark">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Denmark" title="Immigration to Denmark">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Denmark" title="Healthcare in Denmark">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Denmark" title="Homelessness in Denmark">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Denmark" title="Languages of Denmark">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Denmark" title="Water supply and sanitation in Denmark">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Denmark" title="Women in Denmark">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Denmark" title="Youth in Denmark">Youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Denmark" title="Culture of Denmark">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_art" title="Danish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Denmark" title="Architecture of Denmark">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Denmark" title="Cinema of Denmark">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_cuisine" title="Danish cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_wine" title="Danish wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_folklore" title="Danish folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Jante" title="Law of Jante">Jante Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_literature" title="Danish literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Breakthrough" title="Modern Breakthrough">Modern Breakthrough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Denmark">Media</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danes" title="Danes">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Denmark" title="Photography in Denmark">Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Denmark" title="Prostitution in Denmark">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Denmark" title="Public holidays in Denmark">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Denmark" title="Religion in Denmark">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Denmark" title="Sport in Denmark">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Denmark" title="Coat of arms of Denmark">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Denmark" title="Flag of Denmark">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Der_er_et_yndigt_land" title="Der er et yndigt land">National (civic) anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kong_Christian_stod_ved_h%C3%B8jen_mast" title="Kong Christian stod ved højen mast">Royal anthem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Denmark" title="Outline of Denmark">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Denmark" title="Outline of Denmark">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Denmark" title="Category:Denmark">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Denmark" title="Portal:Denmark">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Danish_folk_music90" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Danish_folk_music" title="Template:Danish folk music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Danish_folk_music" title="Template talk:Danish folk music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Danish_folk_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Danish folk music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Danish_folk_music90" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Danish_traditional_music" title="Danish traditional music">Danish folk music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gammaldans" title="Gammaldans">Gammeldans</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Music of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Music of the Faroe Islands">Music of the Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Greenland" title="Music of Greenland">Music of Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_folk_music" title="Nordic folk music">Nordic folk music</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spillemand" class="mw-redirect" title="Spillemand">Spillemand</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Nordic_dance_music" title="Traditional Nordic dance music">Traditional Nordic dance music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tune Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>2/4 Dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">Polka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hopsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hopsa (page does not exist)">Hopsa</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>3/4 Dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mazurka" title="Mazurka">Mazurka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Minuet" title="Minuet">Minuet</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Waltz" title="Waltz">Vals</a></i></dd></dl> <dl><dt>4/4 Dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Schottische" title="Schottische">Schottische and Reinlænder</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Miscellaneous</dt> <dd>Fannik, Sønderhoning, <a href="/wiki/Les_Lanciers" title="Les Lanciers">Les Lanciers</a>, Totur, Firtur, Sekstur,</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">Accordion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_zither" title="Drone zither">Drone zither</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">Violin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">Bassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarinet" title="Clarinet">Clarinet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Persons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86_Tinuser" title="Æ Tinuser">Æ Tinuser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evald_Thomsen" title="Evald Thomsen">Evald Thomsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasmus_Storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasmus Storm">Rasmus Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_Iversen" title="Frederik Iversen">Frederik Iversen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volksmusik" class="mw-redirect" title="Volksmusik">German folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_music_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk music of England">Folk music of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Finland#Folk_music" title="Music of Finland">Finnish folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_folk_music" title="Icelandic folk music">Icelandic folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Norway#Traditional_.28Folk.29_music" title="Music of Norway">Norwegian folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_folk_music" title="Swedish folk music">Swedish folk music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music_of_Europe120" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_of_Europe_by_country" title="Template:Music of Europe by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_of_Europe_by_country" title="Template talk:Music of Europe by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_of_Europe_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music of Europe by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Music_of_Europe120" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Europe">Music of Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Albania" title="Music of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Andorra" title="Music of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Armenia" title="Music of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Austria" title="Music of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Azerbaijan" title="Music of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Belarus" title="Music of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Belgium" title="Music of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Music of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bulgaria" title="Music of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Croatia" title="Music of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cyprus" title="Music of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Music of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Estonia" title="Music of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Finland" title="Music of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_France" title="Music of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Music of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Germany" title="Music of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Greece" title="Music of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Hungary" title="Music of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iceland" title="Music of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Italy" title="Music of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kazakhstan" title="Music of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Latvia" title="Music of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Liechtenstein" title="Music of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Lithuania" title="Music of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Luxembourg" title="Music of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Malta" title="Music of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Moldova" title="Music of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Monaco" title="Music of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Netherlands" title="Music of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_North_Macedonia" title="Music of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Norway" title="Music of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Poland" title="Music of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Portugal" title="Music of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Romania" title="Music of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Russia" title="Music of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_San_Marino" title="Music of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Serbia" title="Music of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Slovakia" title="Music of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Slovenia" title="Music of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Spain" title="Music of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sweden" title="Music of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Switzerland" title="Music of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Turkey" title="Music of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ukraine" title="Music of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Music of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vatican_City" title="Music of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kosovo" title="Music of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_of_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Music of Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Music of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Gibraltar" title="Music of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guernsey" 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