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id="toc-People's_Public_Security_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People's_Public_Security_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>People's Public Security Force</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People's_Public_Security_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People's_Armed_Police_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People's_Armed_Police_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>People's Armed Police Force</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People's_Armed_Police_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2017–2018_Reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2017–2018_Reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>2017–2018 Reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2017–2018_Reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organizational_changes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizational_changes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Organizational changes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizational_changes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chronology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chronology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Chronology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chronology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mission_and_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mission_and_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mission and operations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mission_and_operations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mission and operations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mission_and_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>International operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Headquarters_and_organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Headquarters_and_organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Headquarters and organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Headquarters_and_organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Training" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Training"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Training</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Training-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Training subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Training-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-People's_Armed_Police_Academy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People's_Armed_Police_Academy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>People's Armed Police Academy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People's_Armed_Police_Academy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People's_Armed_Police_Logistics_Academy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People's_Armed_Police_Logistics_Academy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>People's Armed Police Logistics Academy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People's_Armed_Police_Logistics_Academy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mobile_organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mobile_organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Mobile organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mobile_organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mobile organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mobile_organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1st_Mobile_Contingent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1st_Mobile_Contingent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>1st Mobile Contingent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1st_Mobile_Contingent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2nd_Mobile_Contingent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2nd_Mobile_Contingent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>2nd Mobile Contingent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2nd_Mobile_Contingent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internal_Guard_Corps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internal_Guard_Corps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Internal Guard Corps</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Internal_Guard_Corps-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Internal Guard Corps subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Internal_Guard_Corps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Provincial_level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provincial_level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Provincial level</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provincial_level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_Provincial_Contingents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_Provincial_Contingents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>List of Provincial Contingents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_Provincial_Contingents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lower_levels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lower_levels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Lower levels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lower_levels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Border_Defense_Corps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Border_Defense_Corps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Border Defense Corps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Border_Defense_Corps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China_Coast_Guard" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China_Coast_Guard"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>China Coast Guard</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China_Coast_Guard-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_police_units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_police_units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Special police units</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Special_police_units-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Special police units subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Special_police_units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Communications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Helicopters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helicopters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Helicopters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helicopters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fallen_Officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fallen_Officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Fallen Officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fallen_Officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ranks_and_insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ranks_and_insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Ranks and insignia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ranks_and_insignia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ranks and insignia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ranks_and_insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-commissioned_officers_and_enlisted" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-commissioned_officers_and_enlisted"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Non-commissioned officers and enlisted</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-commissioned_officers_and_enlisted-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_rank_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_rank_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3</span> <span>Historical rank systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_rank_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Type_55_PSF-PLA_uniform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Type_55_PSF-PLA_uniform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3.1</span> <span>Type 55 PSF-PLA uniform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Type_55_PSF-PLA_uniform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Type_88_PAP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Type_88_PAP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3.2</span> <span>Type 88 PAP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Type_88_PAP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_equivalents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_equivalents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>International equivalents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_equivalents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">People's Armed Police</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" 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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong-kok_J%C3%AEn-b%C3%AEn_B%C3%BA-chong_K%C3%A9ng-chhat_P%C5%8D%CD%98-t%C5%ABi" title="Tiong-kok Jîn-bîn Bú-chong Kéng-chhat Pō͘-tūi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiong-kok Jîn-bîn Bú-chong Kéng-chhat Pō͘-tūi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_lidov%C3%A1_ozbrojen%C3%A1_policie" title="Čínská lidová ozbrojená policie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čínská lidová ozbrojená policie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bewaffnete_Volkspolizei" title="Bewaffnete Volkspolizei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bewaffnete Volkspolizei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polic%C3%ADa_Armada_Popular" title="Policía Armada Popular – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Policía Armada Popular" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_arm%C3%A9e_du_peuple" title="Police armée du peuple – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Police armée du peuple" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EB%AC%B4%EC%9E%A5%EA%B2%BD%EC%B0%B0%EB%B6%80%EB%8C%80" title="중국 인민무장경찰부대 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중국 인민무장경찰부대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepolisian_Bersenjata_Rakyat" title="Kepolisian Bersenjata Rakyat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepolisian Bersenjata Rakyat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polizia_armata_del_popolo" title="Polizia armata del popolo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Polizia armata del popolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="中国人民武装警察部隊 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中国人民武装警察部隊" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkets_v%C3%A6pnede_politi" title="Folkets væpnede politi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Folkets væpnede politi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADcia_Armada_do_Povo" title="Polícia Armada do Povo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Polícia Armada do Povo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Народная вооружённая полиция Китая – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Народная вооружённая полиция Китая" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkets_bev%C3%A4pnade_polis" title="Folkets beväpnade polis – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Folkets beväpnade polis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Chinese paramilitary police force. For other agencies, see <a href="/wiki/Armed_Police_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Armed Police (disambiguation)">Armed Police (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Law enforcement agency</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">People's Armed Police Force</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Flag of the Force (since 10 January 2018)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/140px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/210px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/280px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the Force<br />(since 10 January 2018)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_(CAPF)_cap_insignia_(2021).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Badge of the Force (since 1 August 2021)[a]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia_%282021%29.svg/140px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia_%282021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia_%282021%29.svg/210px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia_%282021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia_%282021%29.svg/280px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia_%282021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="731" data-file-height="762" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Badge of the Force<br />(since 1 August 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PAP_Armband.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Sleeve badge of the Force" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PAP_Armband.svg/140px-PAP_Armband.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PAP_Armband.svg/210px-PAP_Armband.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PAP_Armband.svg/280px-PAP_Armband.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="159" data-file-height="195" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Sleeve badge of the Force</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common name</th><td class="infobox-data"><b><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">武警部队</span></span></b> (<i><span lang="zh-Latn">Wǔjǐng Bùduì</span></i>; 'Armed Police Force')</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data"><b>PAP</b> ("People's Armed Police")<br /> <del><b>CAPF</b></del> ("Chinese Armed Police Force"), formerly abbreviated<br /><i><b>Wujing</b></i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">武警</span>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Wǔjǐng</span></i>; 'Armed Police'), or <b>WJ</b> as on vehicle license plates</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">为人民服务</span></span><br />(<a href="/wiki/Serve_the_People" title="Serve the People">Serve the People</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">19 June 1982<span class="noprint">; 42 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1982-06-19</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">1.5 million</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Jurisdictional structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency#natlea" title="Law enforcement agency">National agency</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(Operations jurisdiction)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operations jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legal jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Governing body</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">《中华人民共和国人民武装警察法》</span></span> (People's Armed Police Law of the People's Republic of China)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Specialist jurisdictions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Paramilitary law enforcement, counter insurgency, and <a href="/wiki/Riot_control" title="Riot control">riot control</a>.</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Coastal patrol, marine border protection, marine search and rescue.</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Operational structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Overseen by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Haidian_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Haidian District">Haidian District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">PAP General <a href="/wiki/Wang_Chunning" title="Wang Chunning">Wang Chunning</a>, Commander</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">PAP General <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Hongbing" title="Zhang Hongbing">Zhang Hongbing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_Commissar" class="mw-redirect" title="Political Commissar">Political Commissar</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">PAP General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Jianguo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhou Jianguo (page does not exist)">Zhou Jianguo</a>, Chief of Staff</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Child agencies</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">PAP Internal Guard Corps: 32 × contingents</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">PAP Mobile Corps: 2 × contingents</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">PAP Coastal Guard Corps</a>: 1 x contingent</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/ARMEDFORCES/ArmedPoliceForce/index.html">chinamil.com.cn</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Chinese People's Armed Police Force</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">中国人民武装警察部队</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">中國人民武裝警察部隊</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngguó Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá Bùduì</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">People's Armed Police</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">人民武装警察</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">人民武裝警察</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">China Armed Police</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">中国武警</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">中國武警</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngguó Wǔjǐng</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Armed Police [Force]</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">武警［部队］</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">武警［部隊］</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Emblem_PLA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/150px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/225px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/300px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Executive departments</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (China)">Ministry of National Defense</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Staff</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman of the CMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission">Joint Staff Department of the CMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Work_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission">Political Work Department of the CMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission">Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CMC</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Services</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/46px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ground Force</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/46px-Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/46px-Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Rocket_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Rocket Force">Rocket Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Arms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Aerospace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force">Aerospace Force</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Cyberspace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Cyberspace Force">Cyberspace Force</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Information_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Information Support Force">Information Support Force</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Joint_Logistics_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force">Joint Logistics Support Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Domestic troops</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_(CAPF)_cap_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cap insignia of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force"><img alt="Cap insignia of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/21px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/32px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/42px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="775" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's Armed Police</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_(2024).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/21px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/32px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/42px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="502" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg/21px-National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg/32px-National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg/42px-National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="264" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Militia_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Militia (China)">Maritime Militia</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Special operations force</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">PLA Special Operations Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Police_Unit_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Police Unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force">Special Police Unit of the PAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Leopard_Commando_Unit" title="Snow Leopard Commando Unit">Snow Leopard Commando Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Eagle_Commando_Unit" title="Mountain Eagle Commando Unit">Mountain Eagle Commando Unit</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military districts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Theater_Command" title="Eastern Theater Command">Eastern Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Theater_Command" title="Southern Theater Command">Southern Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Theater_Command" title="Western Theater Command">Western Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Theater_Command" title="Northern Theater Command">Northern Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Theater_Command" title="Central Theater Command">Central Theater Command</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> History of the Chinese military</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_China" title="Military history of China">Military history of China</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military ranks of China</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ranks of the PLA Ground Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Navy">Ranks of the PLA Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Air Force">Ranks of the PLA Air Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #AAAAAA;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="border-bottom: 0.2em solid #CE294E00;"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_China" title="Politics of China">Politics of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/100px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/150px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg/200px-National_Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="976" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of leaders of the People's Republic of China">Leadership</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Generations_of_Chinese_leadership" title="Generations of Chinese leadership">Leadership generations</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Succession_of_power_in_China" title="Succession of power in China">Succession of power</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hu%E2%80%93Wen_Administration" title="Hu–Wen Administration">Hu–Wen Administration</a> (2002–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping%E2%80%93Li_Keqiang_Administration" title="Xi Jinping–Li Keqiang Administration">Xi–Li Administration</a> (2012–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Xi Jinping Administration">Xi Administration</a> (since 2017) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_core" title="Leadership core">4th Leadership Core</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th Party Politburo</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Qiang Government">14th State Council</a>: <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#Current_office_holders" title="List of leaders of the People's Republic of China">Current state leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Chinese_provincial_leaders" title="List of current Chinese provincial leaders">Current provincial leaders</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Party_and_state_leaders" title="Party and state leaders">Party and state leaders</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Orders_of_precedence_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders of precedence in China">Orders of precedence</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_leader" title="Paramount leader">Paramount leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lady of the People's Republic of China">First lady</a>: <a href="/wiki/Peng_Liyuan" title="Peng Liyuan">Peng Liyuan</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Leader of the Chinese Communist Party">Communist Party leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_representatives_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of state representatives of the People's Republic of China">State representative</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of premiers of the People's Republic of China">Head of government</a>: <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Congress Chairman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Conference Chairman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Military_Command_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Military Command of the People's Republic of China">Commander-in-chief</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longest-serving_members_of_the_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Longest-serving members of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo Standing Committee longest-serving members</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Related systems</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unified_power" title="Unified power">Unified power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_Department_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party">Organization Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_China" title="Elections in China">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Service of China">Civil service</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_China" title="Constitution of China">Constitution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Law of the People's Republic of China">Law</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_China" title="Constitution of China">Constitution</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_history_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Constitutional history of the People's Republic of China">Previous constitutions</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1954_Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China">1954</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1975_Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="1975 Constitution of the People's Republic of China">1975</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1978_Constitution_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="1978 Constitution of the People's Republic of China">1978</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_democratic_dictatorship" title="People's democratic dictatorship">"People's democratic dictatorship" (Article 1)</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism (Article 3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_oath_of_office_of_China" title="Constitutional oath of office of China">Constitutional oath of office (Article 27)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_China" title="Human rights in China">Protection of human rights (Article 33)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_China" title="Freedom of religion in China">Freedom of religion (Article 36)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highest_organ_of_state_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Highest organ of state power">Highest state organ of power (Article 57)</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_law" title="Chinese law">Chinese legal system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">Civil law tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_law" title="Socialist law">Socialist law tradition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Law of the People's Republic of China">Laws</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislation_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China"><i>Legislation Law</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statutes_of_China" title="List of statutes of China">List of statutes</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Principles_of_the_Civil_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China"><i>General Principles of the Civil Law</i></a> (to 2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Code_of_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Code of People's Republic of China"><i>Civil Code</i></a> (From 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Marriage_Law" title="New Marriage Law"><i>Marriage Law</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_labour_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese labour law">Labour law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Labour Law of the People's Republic of China"><i>Labour Law</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Contract_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Labour Contract Law of the People's Republic of China"><i>Labour Contract Law</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_property_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese property law">Property law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Property_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Property Law of the People's Republic of China"><i>Property Law</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property_in_China" title="Intellectual property in China">Intellectual property law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patent_law_of_China" title="Patent law of China">Patent law</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_law_in_China" title="Administrative law in China">Administrative law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_Procedure_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Administrative Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China"><i>Administrative Procedure Law</i></a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_China" title="Crime in China">Criminal law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_China" title="Capital punishment in China">Capital punishment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_offences_in_China" title="Capital offences in China">Capital offences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_sentence_with_reprieve" title="Death sentence with reprieve">Death sentence with reprieve</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Communist Party</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="History of the Chinese Communist Party">History</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Leader of the Chinese Communist Party">Principal leaders</a></li></ul> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Constitution of the Chinese Communist Party">Constitution</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party">ideology</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Admission_Oath" title="Chinese Communist Party Admission Oath">Admission Oath (Article 6)</a></li> <li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Mao Zedong Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping_Theory" title="Deng Xiaoping Theory">Deng Xiaoping Theory</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Primary_stage_of_socialism" title="Primary stage of socialism">Primary stage of socialism</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Four_Cardinal_Principles" title="Four Cardinal Principles">Four Cardinal Principles</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Represents" title="Three Represents">Three Represents</a></li> <li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Outlook_on_Development" title="Scientific Outlook on Development">Scientific Outlook on Development</a></div> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Harmonious_Society" title="Harmonious Society">Harmonious Socialist Society</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought" title="Xi Jinping Thought">Xi Jinping Thought</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Dream" title="Chinese Dream">Chinese Dream</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Four_Comprehensives" title="Four Comprehensives">Four Comprehensives</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Two_Establishes_and_Two_Safeguards" class="mw-redirect" title="Two Establishes and Two Safeguards">Two Establishes and Two Safeguards</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_China" title="Democracy in China">Democracy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Organization of the Chinese Communist Party">Organization</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">National Party Congress</a> (<a href="/wiki/20th_National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Committee</a> (<a href="/wiki/20th_Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a>) <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Leader of the Chinese Communist Party">list</a>)</span> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Politburo</a> (<a href="/wiki/20th_Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a>) <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Standing Committee</a> (<a href="/wiki/20th_Politburo_Standing_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a>)</div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Secretariat</a> (<a href="/wiki/20th_Secretariat_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="20th Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party">20th</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></div></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission">Vice Chairmen</a>:</div> <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Youxia" title="Zhang Youxia">Zhang Youxia</a>, <a href="/wiki/He_Weidong" title="He Weidong">He Weidong</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Commission_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="National Security Commission of the Chinese Communist Party">National Security Commission</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Chairman: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></div></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Vice-Chairman:</div> <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Office Chief: <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Comprehensively_Deepening_Reforms_Commission" title="Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission">Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Director: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></div></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Deputy Directors:</div> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a></span>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></span></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Secretary-General: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Commission" title="Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission">Financial & Economic Affairs Commission</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Director: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></div></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Deputy Director: <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></div></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Office Chief: <a href="/wiki/He_Lifeng" title="He Lifeng">He Lifeng</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Office of the Chinese Communist Party">General Office</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Office of the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">Office of the General Secretary</a> <dl><dd>Chief: <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Guard_Bureau" title="Central Guard Bureau">Central Guard Bureau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Guard_Regiment" title="Central Guard Regiment">Central Guard Unit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Administration_for_the_Protection_of_State_Secrets" class="mw-redirect" title="National Administration for the Protection of State Secrets">Office of the Central Secrecy Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_Department_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party">Organization Department</a> <dl><dd>Head: <a href="/wiki/Li_Ganjie" title="Li Ganjie">Li Ganjie</a></dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Central Commission for Discipline Inspection</a> (<a href="/wiki/20th_Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">20th</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Standing Committee</a> (<a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_20th_Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Standing Committee of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">20th</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_Central_Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection" title="Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection">Secretary</a>: <a href="/wiki/Li_Xi_(politician)" title="Li Xi (politician)">Li Xi</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission">Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission</a> <dl><dd>Secretary: <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Shengmin" title="Zhang Shengmin">Zhang Shengmin</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Leading_Group_for_Inspection_Work" title="Central Leading Group for Inspection Work">Central Leading Group for Inspection Work</a> <dl><dd>Leader: <a href="/wiki/Li_Xi_(politician)" title="Li Xi (politician)">Li Xi</a></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Provincial committee <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Provincial_Standing_Committee" title="Chinese Communist Party Provincial Standing Committee">Standing committee</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary">Secretary</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party_Deputy_Committee_Secretary" title="Chinese Communist Party Deputy Committee Secretary">Deputy secretaries</a></dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_group" title="Party group">Party group</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> (<a href="/wiki/14th_National_People%27s_Congress" title="14th National People's Congress">14th</a>)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_China" title="Elections in China">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Standing Committee</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (page does not exist)">14th</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chairpersons" title="Council of Chairpersons">Council of Chairpersons</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Chairman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Zhao_Leji" title="Zhao Leji">Zhao Leji</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Vice-Chairpersons</a> <dl><dd>Top-ranked: <a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhong" title="Li Hongzhong">Li Hongzhong</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary-General of the National People's Congress">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Qi_(politician,_born_1957)" title="Liu Qi (politician, born 1957)">Liu Qi</a></span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Special Committee of the National People's Congress">Special Committees</a> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Affairs_Committee" title="Ethnic Affairs Committee">Ethnic Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_and_Law_Committee" title="Constitution and Law Committee">Constitution and Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supervisory_and_Judicial_Affairs_Committee" title="Supervisory and Judicial Affairs Committee">Supervisory and Judicial Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_and_Economic_Affairs_Committee" title="Financial and Economic Affairs Committee">Financial and Economic Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education,_Science,_Culture_and_Public_Health_Committee" title="Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee">Education, Science, Culture and Public Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress">Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Committee" title="Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee">Overseas Chinese Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_and_Resources_Conservation_Committee" title="Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation Committee">Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_and_Rural_Affairs_Committee" title="Agriculture and Rural Affairs Committee">Agriculture and Rural Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Development_Affairs_Committee" title="Social Development Affairs Committee">Social Development Affairs</a></li></ol></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Presidium of the National People's Congress">Presidium</a></li></ul> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>State representative</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_China" title="President of China">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the People's Republic of China">list</a>): <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the President of the People's Republic of China">Presidential Office</a> <dl><dd>Chief: <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_China" title="Vice President of China">Vice President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Han_Zheng" title="Han Zheng">Han Zheng</a></div></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Executive organ</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council (Central People's Government)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Qiang Government">Li Qiang Cabinet</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_China" title="Premier of China">Premier</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of premiers of the People's Republic of China">list</a>): <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice-Premiers</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_premiers_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of vice premiers of the People's Republic of China">list</a>) <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuexiang" title="Ding Xuexiang">Ding Xuexiang</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/He_Lifeng" title="He Lifeng">He Lifeng</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Guoqing" title="Zhang Guoqing">Zhang Guoqing</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liu_Guozhong" title="Liu Guozhong">Liu Guozhong</a></span></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/State_councillor" title="State councillor">State Councilors</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Xiaohong" title="Wang Xiaohong">Wang Xiaohong</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Zhenglong" title="Wu Zhenglong">Wu Zhenglong</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shen_Yiqin" title="Shen Yiqin">Shen Yiqin</a></span></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_State_Council" title="Secretary-General of the State Council">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wu_Zhenglong" title="Wu Zhenglong">Wu Zhenglong</a></div></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constituent_departments_of_the_State_Council" title="Constituent departments of the State Council">Cabinet-level departments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Development_and_Reform_Commission" title="National Development and Reform Commission">National Development & Reform Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Bank_of_China" title="People's Bank of China">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(China)" title="National Audit Office (China)">National Audit Office</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_State_Council" title="General Office of the State Council">General Office</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_State_Council" title="Secretary-General of the State Council">Secretary-General</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Secretary-General_of_the_State_Council" title="Deputy Secretary-General of the State Council">Deputy Secretaries-General</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_Assets_Supervision_and_Administration_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission">State-owned Assets Supervision & Administration Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_government-owned_companies_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of government-owned companies of China">most Central Enterprises</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Military organ</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission (CMC)</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Supreme_Military_Command_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Military Command of the People's Republic of China">supreme commander</a>): <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission">Vice Chairmen</a>: <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Youxia" title="Zhang Youxia">Zhang Youxia</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/He_Weidong" title="He Weidong">He Weidong</a></span></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Members: <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhenli_(general)" title="Liu Zhenli (general)">Liu Zhenli</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miao_Hua" title="Miao Hua">Miao Hua</a></span></li><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Shengmin" title="Zhang Shengmin">Zhang Shengmin</a></span></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Departments: <ol><li><a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="General Office of the Central Military Commission">General Office</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Zhong_Shaojun" title="Zhong Shaojun">Zhong Shaojun</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_(China)" title="Joint Staff Department (China)">Joint Staff Dept.</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_staff" title="Chief of staff">Chief</a>: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Zhenli_(general)" title="Liu Zhenli (general)">Liu Zhenli</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Work_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission">Political Work Dept.</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Miao_Hua" title="Miao Hua">Miao Hua</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistic_Support_Department" title="Logistic Support Department">Logistic Support Dept.</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Lin_(general)" title="Zhang Lin (general)">Zhang Lin</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equipment_Development_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission">Equipment Development Dept.</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Xu_Xueqiang" title="Xu Xueqiang">Xu Xueqiang</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_and_Administration_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Training and Administration Department of the Central Military Commission">Training and Administration Dept.</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Peng_(lieutenant_general)" title="Wang Peng (lieutenant general)">Wang Peng</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Mobilization_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="National Defense Mobilization Department of the Central Military Commission">National Defense Mobilization Dept.</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Faqing" title="Liu Faqing">Liu Faqing</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission">Discipline Inspection Commission</a> <dl><dd>Secretary: <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Shengmin" title="Zhang Shengmin">Zhang Shengmin</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_and_Legal_Affairs_Commission_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the Central Military Commission">Politics and Legal Affairs Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_Technology_Commission_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission">Science and Technology Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Strategic_Planning_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Office for Strategic Planning of the Central Military Commission">Strategic Planning Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Reform_and_Organizational_Structure" title="Office for Reform and Organizational Structure">Reform & Organizational Structure Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_International_Military_Cooperation_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Office for International Military Cooperation of the Central Military Commission">Int'l Military Cooperation Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audit_Office_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Audit Office of the Central Military Commission">Audit Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_Offices_Administration_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Agency for Offices Administration of the Central Military Commission">Offices Administration Agency</a></li></ol></dd> <dd>National armed forces: <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Emblem_PLA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of the People's Liberation Army"><img alt="Emblem of the People's Liberation Army" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/23px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/35px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/46px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Theater_command" title="Theater command">Theater commands</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_(CAPF)_cap_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cap insignia of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force"><img alt="Cap insignia of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/21px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/32px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/42px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="775" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's Armed Police</a> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_(2024).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of the Coast Guard"><img alt="Emblem of the Coast Guard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/21px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/32px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/42px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="502" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Mobilization_Commission" title="National Defense Mobilization Commission">National Defense Mobilization Commission</a></div> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_China" title="Premier of China">Chairman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (China)">Ministry of National Defense</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Minister of National Defense (China)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dong_Jun" title="Dong Jun">Dong Jun</a></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Veterans_Affairs_(China)" title="Ministry of Veterans Affairs (China)">Ministry of Veterans Affairs</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/State_Administration_for_Science,_Technology_and_Industry_for_National_Defence" class="mw-redirect" title="State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence">State Administration for Sci., Tech. & Industry for National Defense</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="History of the People's Liberation Army">Military history</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of wars involving the People's Republic of China">Armed conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernization_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Modernization of the People's Liberation Army">Military modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_People%27s_Republic_of_China_military_reform" title="2015 People's Republic of China military reform">Military reform since 2015</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Leading_Group_for_Military_Reform" title="Central Leading Group for Military Reform">CMC Leading Group for Military Reform</a> <dl><dd>Leader: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Supervisory organ</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Supervisory_Commission" title="National Supervisory Commission">National Supervisory Commission</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Liu_Jinguo" title="Liu Jinguo">Liu Jinguo</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_China" title="Corruption in China">Corruption in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-corruption_campaign_under_Xi_Jinping" title="Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping">Anti-corruption campaign since 2012</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Commission_Against_Corruption_(Hong_Kong)" title="Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)">Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_Against_Corruption_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission Against Corruption (Macau)">Commission Against Corruption (Macau)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Judicial organs</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Court" title="Supreme People's Court">Supreme People's Court</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Supreme_People%27s_Court" title="President of the Supreme People's Court">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Jun_(politician)" title="Zhang Jun (politician)">Zhang Jun</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">People's Courts Judicial Police</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Supreme People's Procuratorate">Supreme People's Procuratorate</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Procurator-General_of_the_Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate">Procurator-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ying_Yong" title="Ying Yong">Ying Yong</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">People's Procuratorates Judicial Police</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Judiciary of Hong Kong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Court_of_Final_Appeal" title="Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal">Court of Final Appeal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Hong_Kong)" title="Department of Justice (Hong Kong)">Department of Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutions_Division_(Hong_Kong)" title="Prosecutions Division (Hong Kong)">Prosecutions Division</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Hong_Kong" title="Law enforcement in Hong Kong">Law enforcement in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciplined_Services" title="Disciplined Services">Disciplined Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Bureau_(Hong_Kong)" title="Security Bureau (Hong Kong)">Security Bureau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Police_Force" title="Hong Kong Police Force">Hong Kong Police Force</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Macau" title="Judiciary of Macau">Judiciary of Macau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Final_Appeal_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Final Appeal (Macau)">Court of Final Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Public_Prosecutions_Office_(Macau)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Public Prosecutions Office (Macau) (page does not exist)">Public Prosecutions Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Security_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Security (Macau)">Secretariat for Security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Security_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Macau Security Force">Macau Security Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unitary_Police_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unitary Police Services (page does not exist)">Unitary Police Services</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E7%B8%BD%E5%B1%80" class="extiw" title="zh:警察總局">zh</a>]</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Security_Police_Force" title="Public Security Police Force">Public Security Police</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau_Judiciary_Police&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macau Judiciary Police (page does not exist)">Judiciary Police</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%B1%80" class="extiw" title="zh:司法警察局">zh</a>]</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/United_front_(China)" title="United front (China)">United front</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Political Consultative Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Committee_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">National Committee</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Chairman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairperson_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Vice-Chairpersons</a> <dl><dd>Top-ranked: <a href="/wiki/Shi_Taifeng" title="Shi Taifeng">Shi Taifeng</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Secretary-General of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Secretary-General</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Dongfeng" title="Wang Dongfeng">Wang Dongfeng</a></dd></dl></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_China" title="List of political parties in China">Political parties</a>: <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">CCP (ruling)</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/United_Front_Work_Department" title="United Front Work Department">United Front Work Department</a> <dl><dd>Head: <a href="/wiki/Shi_Taifeng" title="Shi Taifeng">Shi Taifeng</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Kuomintang" title="Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang">RCCK</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/China_Democratic_League" title="China Democratic League">CDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Democratic_Construction_Association" title="China National Democratic Construction Association">CNDCA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/China_Association_for_Promoting_Democracy" title="China Association for Promoting Democracy">CAPD</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Peasants%27_and_Workers%27_Democratic_Party" title="Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party">CPWDP</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/China_Zhi_Gong_Party" title="China Zhi Gong Party">CZGP</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jiusan_Society" title="Jiusan Society">JS</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Democratic_Self-Government_League" title="Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League">TDSL</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul> <dl><dd>Historical parties: <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">KMT</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/China_Democratic_Socialist_Party" title="China Democratic Socialist Party">CDSP</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Young_China_Party" title="Young China Party">YCP</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-China_Federation_of_Industry_and_Commerce" title="All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce">Federation of Industry and Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_organization" title="People's organization">People's organizations</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_China" title="Law enforcement in China">Law enforcement</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Central_Political_and_Legal_Affairs_Commission" title="Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission">CCP Central Politics and Law Commission</a></div> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Secretary: <a href="/wiki/Chen_Wenqing" title="Chen Wenqing">Chen Wenqing</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Ministry of Public Security</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Minister of Public Security (China)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Xiaohong" title="Wang Xiaohong">Wang Xiaohong</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">Public Security Organs People's Police</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_Immigration_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="State Immigration Administration">State Immigration Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_security_bureau_(China)" title="Public security bureau (China)">Local public security bureaus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">Ministry of State Security</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Minister of State Security (China)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chen_Yixin" title="Chen Yixin">Chen Yixin</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">State Security Organs People's Police</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice_(China)" title="Ministry of Justice (China)">Ministry of Justice</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(China)" title="Minister of Justice (China)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/He_Rong" title="He Rong">He Rong</a></div></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">Judicial Administrative Organs People's Police</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Justice_Bureau_of_Prison_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministry of Justice Bureau of Prison Administration (page does not exist)">Bureau of Prison Administration</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E9%83%A8%E7%9B%91%E7%8B%B1%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B1%80" class="extiw" title="zh:司法部监狱管理局">zh</a>]</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Safeguarding_National_Security" title="Office for Safeguarding National Security">Office for Safeguarding National Security</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_management_and_law_enforcement" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban management and law enforcement">Urban Management <i>(chengguan)</i></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_China" title="Propaganda in China">Propaganda</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Leading_Group_for_Propaganda,_Ideology_and_Culture" title="Central Leading Group for Propaganda, Ideology and Culture">Central Leading Group for Propaganda, Ideology and Culture</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Leader: <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></div></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Deputy Leaders: <a href="/wiki/Li_Shulei" title="Li Shulei">Li Shulei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shen_Yiqin" title="Shen Yiqin">Shen Yiqin</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Guidance_Commission_on_Building_Spiritual_Civilization" title="Central Guidance Commission on Building Spiritual Civilization">Central Guidance Commission on Building Spiritual Civilization</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Director: <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></div></dd> <dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Deputy Director: <a href="/wiki/Li_Shulei" title="Li Shulei">Li Shulei</a></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publicity_Department_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party">Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Head: <a href="/wiki/Li_Shulei" title="Li Shulei">Li Shulei</a></div></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Administration_of_Press_and_Publication" title="General Administration of Press and Publication">General Administration of Press and Publication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Film_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="China Film Administration">China Film Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_Information_Office" title="State Council Information Office">State Council Information Office</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/China_Daily" title="China Daily">China Daily</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_and_Tourism_(China)" title="Ministry of Culture and Tourism (China)">Ministry of Culture and Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Radio_and_Television_Administration" title="National Radio and Television Administration">National Radio and Television Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Media_Group" title="China Media Group">China Media Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Central_Television" title="China Central Television">China Central Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Global_Television_Network" title="China Global Television Network">China Global Television Network</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Radio" title="China National Radio">China National Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Radio_International" title="China Radio International">China Radio International</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Reference_News" title="Reference News">Reference News</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_News_Service" title="China News Service">China News Service</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily" title="People's Daily">People's Daily</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Global_Times" title="Global Times">Global Times</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/China_Today" title="China Today">China Today</a></i></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_China" title="Censorship in China">Censorship in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_jamming_in_China" title="Radio jamming in China">Radio jamming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_censorship_of_Chinese_issues" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas censorship of Chinese issues">Overseas censorship of Chinese issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of China">Media of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internal_media_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal media of China">Internal media</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publishing_industry_in_China" title="Publishing industry in China">Publishing industry in China</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_China" title="Internet in China">Internet in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_China" title="Internet censorship in China">Internet censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Firewall" title="Great Firewall">Great Firewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Cannon" title="Great Cannon">Great Cannon</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Cyberspace_Affairs_Commission" title="Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission">Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Director: <a href="/wiki/Cai_Qi" title="Cai Qi">Cai Qi</a></div></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyberspace_Administration_of_China" title="Cyberspace Administration of China">Cyberspace Administration of China</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Director: <a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Rongwen" title="Zhuang Rongwen">Zhuang Rongwen</a></div></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Leading_Group_on_Hong_Kong_and_Macau_Affairs" title="Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs">Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs</a> <dl><dd>Leader: <a href="/wiki/Ding_Xuexiang" title="Ding Xuexiang">Ding Xuexiang</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_and_Macau_Affairs_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office">HK & Macau Affairs Office</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Xia_Baolong" title="Xia Baolong">Xia Baolong</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Liaison_Office" title="Hong Kong Liaison Office">Hong Kong Liaison Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Liaison_Office" title="Macau Liaison Office">Macau Liaison Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law" title="Hong Kong Basic Law">Hong Kong Basic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">Chief Executive</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Lee_Ka-chiu" title="John Lee Ka-chiu">John Lee Ka-chiu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hong_Kong" title="Government of Hong Kong">Hong Kong SAR Government</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Politics of Hong Kong">Politics of Hong Kong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pro-Beijing_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-Beijing camp (Hong Kong)">Pro-Beijing camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Hong_Kong)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)">Pro-democracy camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_independence" title="Hong Kong independence">Independence movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_and_Hong_Kong_Closer_Economic_Partnership_Arrangement" title="Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement">Mainland & HK CEPA</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macao_Basic_Law" title="Macao Basic Law">Macao Basic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Macau" title="Chief Executive of Macau">Chief Executive</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ho_Iat-seng" class="mw-redirect" title="Ho Iat-seng">Ho Iat-seng</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Macau" title="Government of Macau">Macau SAR Government</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Macau" title="Politics of Macau">Politics of Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_and_Macau_Closer_Economic_Partnership_Arrangement" title="Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement">Mainland & Macau CEPA</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_China" title="One China">One China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status of Taiwan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_on_Taiwan" title="Republic of China on Taiwan">Republic of China on Taiwan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the Republic of China">Taiwan Area</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">"Taiwan Province", PRC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Secession_Law" title="Anti-Secession Law">Anti-Secession Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Framework_Agreement" title="Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement">Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_Service_Trade_Agreement" title="Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement">Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_unification" title="Chinese unification">Chinese unification</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Leading_Group_for_Taiwan_Affairs" title="Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs">Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs</a> <dl><dd>Leader: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></dd> <dd>Deputy Leader: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Huning" title="Wang Huning">Wang Huning</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Affairs_Office" title="Taiwan Affairs Office">Taiwan Affairs Office</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Song_Tao_(diplomat)" title="Song Tao (diplomat)">Song Tao</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Relations_Across_the_Taiwan_Straits" title="Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits">Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Foreign_Affairs_Commission" title="Central Foreign Affairs Commission">Central Foreign Affairs Commission</a> <dl><dd>Director: <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></dd> <dd>Deputy Director: <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a></dd> <dd>Secretary-General: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Yi_(politician)" title="Wang Yi (politician)">Wang Yi</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(China)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (China)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(China)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (China)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wang_Yi_(politician)" title="Wang Yi (politician)">Wang Yi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_spokespersons_of_the_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_China" title="List of spokespersons of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China">Spokespersons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_China" title="List of diplomatic missions of China">Diplomatic missions</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_China" title="List of diplomatic missions of China">Diplomatic missions of China</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_China" title="List of diplomatic missions in China">in China</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_foreign_aid" title="Chinese foreign aid">Foreign aid from China</a> / <a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_China" title="Foreign aid to China">to China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_International_Development_Cooperation_Agency" title="China International Development Cooperation Agency">International Development Cooperation Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Commerce_(China)" title="Ministry of Commerce (China)">Ministry of Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exim_Bank_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Exim Bank of China">Exim Bank of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Development_Bank" title="China Development Bank">China Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative" title="Belt and Road Initiative">Belt and Road Initiative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Road_Fund" title="Silk Road Fund">Silk Road Fund</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Infrastructure_Investment_Bank" title="Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank">Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Development_Bank" title="New Development Bank">New Development Bank</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (China)">Ministry of National Defense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_International_Military_Cooperation_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Office for International Military Cooperation of the Central Military Commission">International Military Cooperation Office</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People's Congress">NPC Foreign Affairs Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Department_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="International Department of the Chinese Communist Party">CCP International Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Administration_of_Foreign_Experts_Affairs" title="State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs">State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese_Affairs_Office" title="Overseas Chinese Affairs Office">Overseas Chinese Affairs Office</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_nationality_law" title="Chinese nationality law">Chinese nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_passport" title="Chinese passport">Chinese passports</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Special_Administrative_Region_passport" title="Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport">Hong Kong</a>; <a href="/wiki/Macao_Special_Administrative_Region_passport" title="Macao Special Administrative Region passport">Macau</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Chinese_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Chinese citizens">Visa requirements for Chinese citizens</a> (<a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Chinese_citizens_of_Hong_Kong" title="Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Chinese_citizens_of_Macau" title="Visa requirements for Chinese citizens of Macau">Macau</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Visa policy of China">Visa policy of China</a> (<a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Visa policy of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>; <a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Macau" title="Visa policy of Macau">Macau</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Immigration_Administration" title="National Immigration Administration">National Immigration Administration</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Principles_of_Peaceful_Coexistence" title="Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence">Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panda_diplomacy" title="Panda diplomacy">Panda diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Consensus" title="Beijing Consensus">Beijing Consensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Common_Destiny" title="Community of Common Destiny">Community of Common Destiny</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_United_Nations" title="China and the United Nations">China and the United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="China and the World Trade Organization">China and the World Trade Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa%E2%80%93China_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Africa–China relations">China–Africa relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Arab_relations" title="Sino-Arab relations">China–Arab relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean%E2%80%93People%27s_Republic_of_China_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribbean–People's Republic of China relations">China–Caribbean relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="China–European Union relations">China–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Latin_America_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="China–Latin America relations">China–Latin America relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Pacific_relations" title="Sino-Pacific relations">China–Pacific relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="China–Russia relations">China–Russia relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="China–United States relations">China–United States relations</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left: 0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_China" title="Administrative divisions of China">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukou_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Hukou system">Hukou system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_planning_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Family planning policy">Family planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_minorities_in_China" title="Ethnic minorities in China">Ethnic minorities</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-color: #AAAAAA;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_China" title="Template:Politics of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_China" title="Template talk:Politics of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>People's Armed Police Force<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a Chinese <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_China" title="Paramilitary forces of China">paramilitary</a> organization<sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 121">: 121 </span></sup> primarily responsible for <a href="/wiki/Internal_security" title="Internal security">internal security</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riot_control" title="Riot control">riot control</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counter-terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-terrorism">counter-terrorism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disaster_response" title="Disaster response">disaster response</a>, <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">law enforcement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Admiralty_law" title="Admiralty law">maritime rights protection</a><sup id="cite_ref-ChinaDaily2009_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChinaDaily2009-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as providing support to the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> (PLA) during wartime.<sup id="cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blasko2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 87">: 87 </span></sup> </p><p>Unlike the civilian <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">People's Police</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the PAP<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a specialized paramilitary force reporting directly to the <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a> (CMC). PAP officers and soldiers wear <a href="/wiki/Dark_olive_green" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark olive green">dark olive green</a> uniforms, different from <a href="/wiki/Spring_green#Pine_green" title="Spring green">pine green</a> uniforms of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force">People's Liberation Army Ground Force</a> (PLAGF) or the light blue and black uniforms of the People's Police. </p><p>The PAP is estimated to have a total strength of 1.5 million. It was established in its current form in 1982, but similar security forces have operated since the founding of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> in 1949. During the <a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Maoist</a> era, the PAP's predecessors were the <b>Chinese People's Public Security Force</b>, initially under the MPS, and later the <b>Public Security Corps</b> which was under the command of the PLA.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PAP has been compared by both Chinese and foreign scholars with the <a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie" title="Gendarmerie">gendarmerie</a> forces found in many countries, most famously the <a href="/wiki/French_Gendarmerie" class="mw-redirect" title="French Gendarmerie">French Gendarmerie</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the main inspiration for the PAP's establishment and operation came from the <a href="/wiki/Internal_Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal Troops">Internal Troops</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and related paramilitary forces of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a> such as the East German <a href="/wiki/Volkspolizei-Bereitschaft" title="Volkspolizei-Bereitschaft">Alert Units</a>, adapted to the specific military-political culture and thinking of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP) leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of the People's Armed Police is as long as that of the People's Republic, and its origin can be traced back to the People's Liberation Army, which was responsible for both defending the nation from foreign invasions and maintaining internal security. Although the force was officially established in 1982, its constituent units stretch back to 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="People's_Public_Security_Force"><span id="People.27s_Public_Security_Force"></span>People's Public Security Force</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: People's Public Security Force"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 1949, the CMC decided to establish the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Ministry of Public Security</a> (MPS) with <a href="/wiki/Luo_Ruiqing" title="Luo Ruiqing">Luo Ruiqing</a> as its minister to organize the public security forces in the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1949, several security and public order units of the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Field_Army" title="Fourth Field Army">Fourth Field Army</a> were consolidated into the <b>Central Column</b> of the <b>Chinese People's Public Security Force</b> (PSF) to guard the <a href="/wiki/Leadership_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Leadership of the People's Republic of China">Party and State leaders</a> and to keep the public order in the <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">capital</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Central Column provided security for the inauguration ceremony of the People's Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From December 1949 to May 1950, regional security forces, along with the now dissolved Central Column, had been consolidated into divisions under the PSF.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The PSF was assigned to the PLA and became the PLA <b>Public Security Force</b> in September 1950, and the PLA <b>Public Security Corps</b> in July 1955, reporting under the Central Military Commission of the CCP and the National Defense Council of the People's Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Luo Ruiqing was appointed as the commander and political commissar of the PSF in September 1950 and remained on the posts until 1959, retaining the command of the PSF.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 1960, the Public Security Corps was organised in 8,200-strong Public Security Divisions, which were deemed not capable of independent, sustained, full-scale combat operations.<sup id="cite_ref-HandbookChineseArmy1960_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HandbookChineseArmy1960-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="People's_Armed_Police_Force"><span id="People.27s_Armed_Police_Force"></span>People's Armed Police Force</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: People's Armed Police Force"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After numerous reorganizations and transfers of control between the PLA and the MPS, the People's Armed Police was created on 19 June 1982, combining the previous armed police, <a href="/wiki/Border_guard" title="Border guard">border guards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fire_brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire brigade">fire brigades</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Xia2017_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The headquarter was set up in the MPS as a subordinate department.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The establishment of the PAP highlighted the efforts to increase the professionalization of the security apparatus, as well as the absorption of numerous PLA demobilized personnel,<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 228–229">: 228–229 </span></sup> in the wake of growing unrest.<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 229">: 229 </span></sup> </p><p>The PAP was led by both the local government and superior PAP forces, which is called "Dual-Leadership" <i>(双重领导)</i>. In practice, the local government (including the local party committee, local people's government and the local public security bureau) carries more weight. However, there were many confusions and loopholes caused by this ambiguous organization structure. </p><p>In the mid and late 1990s, CCP <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">general secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> significantly expanded and strengthened the PAP, with more than 100,000 new troops.<sup id="cite_ref-Eckholm1999_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eckholm1999-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jiang praised the PAP, describing it as "<i>a major force for maintaining state security and social stability, the People's Armed Police shoulders a massive and formidable burden</i>" and deployed it extensively in <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Eckholm1999_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eckholm1999-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Up until 2013, the <a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a> was a part of the PAP. In 2013, it was separated and transferred to the direct control of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Ministry of Public Security</a> and the <a href="/wiki/State_Oceanic_Administration" title="State Oceanic Administration">State Oceanic Administration</a>. However, in March 2018, it was announced that the Coast Guard would be placed under the People's Armed Police Force once again since the State Oceanic Administration was disbanded, but now as an independent branch reporting directly to PAP headquarters.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2017–2018_Reform"><span id="2017.E2.80.932018_Reform"></span>2017–2018 Reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2017–2018 Reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_wheeled_APC_(2008).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Chinese_wheeled_APC_%282008%29.jpg/240px-Chinese_wheeled_APC_%282008%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Chinese_wheeled_APC_%282008%29.jpg/360px-Chinese_wheeled_APC_%282008%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Chinese_wheeled_APC_%282008%29.jpg/480px-Chinese_wheeled_APC_%282008%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Wheeled APC (<a href="/wiki/WZ-551" title="WZ-551">WZ-551</a>) of the People's Armed Police</figcaption></figure> <p>Until 31 December 2017, the People's Armed Police had a dual command structure including the Central Military Commission (CMC) and the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Ministry of Public Security</a> (MPS).<sup id="cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blasko2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 18">: 18 </span></sup> </p><p>Prior to the 2018 reform, the People's Armed Police was further divided into eight corps: Internal Guard, Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, Transportation, Border Defense, Firefighting, and Safeguard Corps.<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 232">: 232 </span></sup> The Internal Guard Corps, which makes up for the bulk of PAP, is under the PAP Headquarters and reports thus to the party central committee and the CMC (Central Military Commission). The Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, and Transportation Corps, collectively known as the Specialist Corps, were by then under the joint leadership of PAP Headquarters and their respective ministries in the State Council.<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 232">: 232 </span></sup> The Border Defense, Firefighting, and Guard Corps, collectively known as the Public Security Corps, were then under the direct supervision of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS).<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 232">: 232 </span></sup> </p><p>By law however, the PAP operates separately from the PLA.<sup id="cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blasko2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 18">: 18 </span></sup> and, in terms of conducting public security operations and relevant capability building, the PAP Headquarters is under the leadership and command of the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). </p><p>From 1 January 2018, command of the People's Armed Police is jointly held by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">CCP central committee</a> and the Central Military Commission (CMC), with the PAP no longer subordinate to the State Council.<sup id="cite_ref-CD28Dec17_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CD28Dec17-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The reform was reportedly carried out in order to deprive the local <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> authorities of the power to use the PAP units to commit abuses or against the leadership in Beijing, especially after the <a href="/wiki/Wang_Lijun_incident" title="Wang Lijun incident">Wang Lijun incident</a> in which the PAP was allegedly abused by provincial party secretary <a href="/wiki/Bo_Xilai" title="Bo Xilai">Bo Xilai</a> to surround the US Consulate in <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> after a falling out with <a href="/wiki/Wang_Lijun" title="Wang Lijun">Wang</a>, the police chief of Chongqing at the time. Under the 2018 reforms, local authorities now need central approval in order to deploy the PAP.<sup id="cite_ref-SCMP28Dec17_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCMP28Dec17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 January 2018, the PAP received a new flag following the design of the branch flags of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">PLA</a> with three olive stripes at the bottom. The three olive stripes represents the People's Armed Police responsible for the three main tasks and force composition of maintaining national political security and social stability, maritime rights protection and law enforcement, and defense operations.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 March 2018, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party unveiled a reform plan for the People's Armed Police Force.<sup id="cite_ref-Jamestown24Mar16PAP_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jamestown24Mar16PAP-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under this plan, the non-combatant elements of the PAP, the Gold, Forestry, Hydropower, Border Defense, Firefighting, and Guard Corps, are to be removed and the CCG is to be consolidated with PAP.<sup id="cite_ref-Ni2018_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ni2018-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of March 2018, the PAP is working with the Central Committee and the relevant organs for the transfer of non-combatant elements into civil service.<sup id="cite_ref-Ni2018_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ni2018-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Transportation Corps is the only remaining component of the Specialist Corps. </p><p>Until 2018, the Specialist Corps were responsible in constructing and maintaining highways and roads, surveying mineral deposits, fighting forest fires, and constructing large scale <sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> waterworks like dams and levees as well as for water works maintenance.<sup id="cite_ref-CAPF_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CAPF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PAP is also called upon in emergency rescue and disaster relief operations within the PRC via the specialist and public security forces which can be forward deployed during such operations.<sup id="cite_ref-CAPF_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CAPF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Organizational_changes">Organizational changes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Organizational changes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the 2018 reforms, Specialist Corps other than the Transportation Corps have been placed under other ministries. China Coast Guard (CCG) was transferred from State Council to PAP command, and the Transportation Corps has some units under the Mobile Contingents.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </p><p>The Border Defense Corps and Guards Corps have been absorbed by the Ministry of Public Security (MPS). The Firefighting and Forestry Corps were merged with the fire department of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">MPS</a> and reorganized as <a href="/wiki/China_Fire_and_Rescue" class="mw-redirect" title="China Fire and Rescue">China Fire and Rescue</a> (CF&R), it was placed under the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Emergency_Management" title="Ministry of Emergency Management">Ministry of Emergency Management</a>. The Gold Corps and Hydropower Corps have been transformed into state-owned enterprises under the supervision of the relevant State Council ministries (<a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Natural_Resources_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China">Ministry of Natural Resources</a> and <a href="/wiki/China_National_Gold_Group_Corporation" title="China National Gold Group Corporation">China National Gold Group Corporation</a> and China Aneng Construction Corporation, respectively).<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chronology">Chronology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Chronology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the paramilitary public security force has been reorganized numerous times. The current designation since 1982, the <b>People's Armed Police</b>, was first used between 1959 and 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1949–1950: Chinese People's Public Security Force, under the Ministry of Public Security (MPS)</li> <li>1950–1955: Public Security Force, under the People's Liberation Army (PLA)</li> <li>1955–1959: Public Security Corps, under the PLA</li> <li>1959–1963: People's Armed Police, under the joint leadership of the MPS and the PLA</li> <li>1963–1966: Chinese People's Public Security Force, under the joint leadership of the MPS and the PLA</li> <li>1966–1982: PLA Internal Guard, absorbed into the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">PLA</a> in an integrated structure. In 1971 and 1973, some units were transferred to the MPS</li> <li>1982–present: People's Armed Police (PAP)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_and_operations">Mission and operations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mission and operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tiananmen_Square,_August_2012_10.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tiananmen_Square%2C_August_2012_10.JPG/239px-Tiananmen_Square%2C_August_2012_10.JPG" decoding="async" width="239" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tiananmen_Square%2C_August_2012_10.JPG/359px-Tiananmen_Square%2C_August_2012_10.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tiananmen_Square%2C_August_2012_10.JPG/478px-Tiananmen_Square%2C_August_2012_10.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3460" data-file-height="2557" /></a><figcaption>People's Armed Police Guards in front of <a href="/wiki/Tiananmen" title="Tiananmen">Tiananmen</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The People's Armed Police is formally regulated by the People's Armed Police Law of the People's Republic of China (<span lang="zh">中华人民共和国人民武装警察法</span>), adopted and effective since 27 August 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-NPCObs17Apr20_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPCObs17Apr20-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The People's Armed Police's primary mission is internal security. The first law on the People's Armed Police, the Law on the People's Armed Police Force (PAPF), was passed in August 2009, giving it statutory authority to respond to riots, terrorist attacks or other emergencies.<sup id="cite_ref-ChinaDaily2009_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChinaDaily2009-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wines2009_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wines2009-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such units guard government buildings at all levels (including party and state organizations, foreign embassies and consulates), provide security to public corporations and major public events, as well as counter-terrorism and handling of public emergencies.<sup id="cite_ref-APF_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APF-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some units perform guard duty in civilian prisons and provide executioners for the state. The PAP also maintains <a href="/wiki/Police_tactical_unit" title="Police tactical unit">tactical</a> <a href="/wiki/Counter-terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-terrorism">counter-terrorism</a> (CT) units such as the <a href="/wiki/Snow_Wolf_Commando_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow Wolf Commando Unit">Snow Wolf Commando Unit</a> (SWCU) and various <a href="/wiki/Special_Police_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Police Unit">Special Police Units</a> (SPUs).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Chinese policing system, the People's Armed Police concentrates on managing protests otherwise referred to as "mass incidents" and protecting important facilities and events, while the public security officers focus on handling crime and issues related to the maintenance of public order.<sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 119">: 119 </span></sup> The People's Armed Police assists the regular police in operations where violent opposition is expected, in roadblocks and the protection of crime scenes. The People's Armed Police is also involved in anti-crime campaigns. In order maintenance activities, the People's Armed Police uses the preventive patrol, under the leadership of the public security organs, and sometimes in conjunction with them. When dealing with mass incidents, with gang activities and other risk situations, responsibility shifts to the People's Armed Police. However, the People's Armed Police also conducts exclusive patrols.<sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 123–125">: 123–125 </span></sup> </p><p>The PAP maintains both a division-sized mechanized infantry unit and a rapid deployment light motorized infantry unit, these units are tasked with responding to any possible armed mutinies by PLA soldiers. In wartime deployments the PAP can act as light infantry supporting the PLAGF in local defense missions and in support of the PLAN in naval operations.<sup id="cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blasko2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 87">: 87 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_operations">International operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: International operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the People's Armed Police is principally charged with internal security and guarding key facilities and installations, it also operates as part of the international security efforts of the People's Republic of China, against both terrorism and organized crime. Mathieu Duchâtel for The National Bureau of Asian Research identifies the legal basis of the PAP missions abroad in Article 71 of the 2015 Counter-terrorism Law. According Armed Police Force University professor Zhou Jian, counterterrorism is a task provided by law for the People's Armed Police and operating missions abroad is an “irreplaceable means”.<sup id="cite_ref-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 14–15">: 14–15 </span></sup> </p><p>The People's Armed Police sent personnel abroad to receive training or provide training and participates in counter-terrorism exercises, especially across <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> in bilateral and multilateral agreements.<sup id="cite_ref-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 65">: 65 </span></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Heath2018_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heath2018-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 26">: 26 </span></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-CarnegieMoscCent30Mar20China_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarnegieMoscCent30Mar20China-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PAP special operations forces are also deployed in the Chinese embassies of Baghdad and Kabul for the purposes of protection of diplomatic staff and property.<sup id="cite_ref-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </p><p>Since 2011, the People's Armed Police has also conducted operations along the <a href="/wiki/Mekong" title="Mekong">Mekong river</a> with the security forces of <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>. These operations are aimed against organized crime.<sup id="cite_ref-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13">: 13 </span></sup> </p><p>Since 2014, the People's Republic of China established a security cooperation with <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> on Afghan border, near the <a href="/wiki/Wakhan_Corridor" title="Wakhan Corridor">Wakhan Corridor</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Gorno-Badakhshan_Autonomous_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region">Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region</a>. The People's Armed Police is the main force for both bilateral and trilateral counterterrorism operations (mainly reconnaissance patrols in remote areas), being deployed south of Shaymak; the PAP has also conducted training for Tajik security forces.<sup id="cite_ref-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RollandChinaSecurityOverseas-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13, 84–87">: 13, 84–87 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Headquarters_and_organization">Headquarters and organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Headquarters and organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The People's Armed Police Headquarters is the leading and commanding organ that directs and administers all the units and provides guidance to it. The PAP has a commander, a political commissar and several deputy commanders and deputy political commissars.<sup id="cite_ref-CAPF_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CAPF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PAP also has departments responsible for logistical and political matters and several speciality departments. </p><p>Following adjustment and reorganization, the People's Armed Police is mainly composed of the territorial forces, the mobile forces, and the Coast Guard.<sup id="cite_ref-Xinhua24Jul19_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xinhua24Jul19-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The People's Armed Police Headquarters, placed at Theater Command Grade, include five Departments directly under the Headquarters:<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 10, 32">: 10, 32 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li>Staff Department (Deputy Theater Command Grade); <ul><li>Training Bureau (Division Leader Grade);</li> <li>Intelligence Bureau (Division Leader Grade), led by Zhang Xiaoqi;</li></ul></li> <li>Political Work Department (Deputy Theater Command Grade): led by Director <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> Gao Wei;<sup id="cite_ref-SCMP15Dec19_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCMP15Dec19-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Propaganda Bureau (Division Leader Grade);</li> <li>Soldier and Civilian Personnel Bureau (Division Leader Grade);</li></ul></li> <li>Discipline Inspection Commission (Deputy Theater Command Grade);</li> <li>Logistics Department (Corps Leader Grade);</li> <li>Equipment Department (Corps Leader Grade).</li></ul> <p>Being of Theatre Command Grade, the People's Armed Police is led by a full General.<sup id="cite_ref-AllenChinaRanksTJF_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllenChinaRanksTJF-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Training">Training</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Training"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The People's Armed Police has a number of training institutions, likely overseen by the Training Bureau of the Staff Department.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AllenChinaRanksTJF_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllenChinaRanksTJF-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>People's Armed Police Academy (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)</li> <li>People's Armed Police Engineering University (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)</li> <li>People's Armed Police Command Academy (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)</li> <li>People's Armed Police Logistics Academy (Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)</li> <li>People's Armed Police Officers Academy (Deputy Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)</li> <li>People's Armed Police Special Police Academy (Deputy Corps Leader Grade, led by a Major General)</li></ul> <p>New constables of the People's Armed Police are drawn from the general military conscription pool, but they are trained in the People's Armed Police basic training units.<sup id="cite_ref-Blasko2012_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blasko2012-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 28">: 28 </span></sup> </p><p>According to Zi Yang, the state of the education and training system as of 2016 suffered of issues which negatively affected the quality of education.<sup id="cite_ref-ZiYang24Mar16_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZiYang24Mar16-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="People's_Armed_Police_Academy"><span id="People.27s_Armed_Police_Academy"></span>People's Armed Police Academy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: People's Armed Police Academy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The People's Armed Police Academy tasked with officer education and training for duties related to the missions entrusted to the People's Armed Police, including, since 2001, UN peacekeeping.<sup id="cite_ref-LeCamps2019CPAPA_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeCamps2019CPAPA-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The People's Armed Police Academy is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Langfang" title="Langfang">Langfang</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a>. The People's Armed Police Academy started to recruit cadets in 1984; since 1997, it has begun to issue bachelor's degrees; in 2003 it was allowed to issue master's degrees. According to a 2019 source, it is subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security.<sup id="cite_ref-LeCamps2019CPAPA_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeCamps2019CPAPA-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PAP Academy is a Corps Leader Grade command, and thus it is led by a major general who serves as Superintendent.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AllenChinaRanksTJF_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllenChinaRanksTJF-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All graduates to the academy are commissioned into the PAP as Second Lieutenants (equivalent of Ensigns for those commissioned into the Coast Guard). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="People's_Armed_Police_Logistics_Academy"><span id="People.27s_Armed_Police_Logistics_Academy"></span>People's Armed Police Logistics Academy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: People's Armed Police Logistics Academy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The People's Armed Police Logistics Academy is a training body aimed to train People's Armed Police personnel in handling logistics. According to Unit Tracker, the university include subjects as applied economics, military and paramilitary logistics, as well as engineering.<sup id="cite_ref-Unit_Tracker7Dec19_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Unit_Tracker7Dec19-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Logistics Academy is a Corps Leader Grade command, and thus it is led by a major general.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AllenChinaRanksTJF_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllenChinaRanksTJF-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mobile_organization">Mobile organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mobile organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mobile organization emerging from 2018 reforms consists of two large formations tasked with providing support to the whole national territory, should the need arise;<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 12–13">: 12–13 </span></sup> </p><p>These two Mobile Contingents (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">机动总队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Jīdòng Zǒngduì</span></i>) have a similar structure and are considered <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army%27s_Unit_Grade_System" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army's Unit Grade System">corps leader grade</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">正军级</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zhèngjūnjí</span></i>), one level higher than all of the provincial contingents other than Xinjiang and Beijing Commands. Units of the Mobile Contingents mostly originate from former 14 PAP's Divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13">: 13 </span></sup> Each Mobile Contingent maintains a Staff, a Political Work Department and a Discipline Inspection Department at the Deputy Corps Leader Grade.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup> </p><p>The mobile Contingents, like their predecessor 14 Divisions, are mainly responsible for dealing with terrorism, violent crime, riots, and public security threats.<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 233">: 233 </span></sup> </p><p>Being of Corps leader grade, Mobile Contingents are led by a Major General each.<sup id="cite_ref-AllenChinaRanksTJF_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllenChinaRanksTJF-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1st_Mobile_Contingent">1st Mobile Contingent</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1st Mobile Contingent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%BA%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队第一机动总队">zh:中国人民武装警察部队第一机动总队</a></div> <p>The 1st Mobile Contingent is based in <a href="/wiki/Shijiazhuang" title="Shijiazhuang">Shijiazhuang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a>, south of <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>. The Contingent covers northern and central China, including <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IISS21Jun19_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS21Jun19-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1st Mobile Contingent consists of:<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 14">: 14 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li>9 mobile detachments (<a href="/wiki/Panjin" title="Panjin">Panjin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Shenyang</a>, Liaoning; <a href="/wiki/Tongliao" title="Tongliao">Bayisingtu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dingzhou" title="Dingzhou">Dingzhou</a>, Hebei; <a href="/wiki/Baoding" title="Baoding">Baoding</a>, Hebei; <a href="/wiki/Puzhong" class="mw-redirect" title="Puzhong">Puzhong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou">Zhengzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pingliang" title="Pingliang">Pingliang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a>);</li> <li>3 Special Operations detachments (Beijing; Tianjin; Shijiazhuang);</li> <li>2 Transportation detachments (Beijing and <a href="/wiki/Xi%E2%80%99an" class="mw-redirect" title="Xi’an">Xi’an</a>, Shaanxi);</li> <li>1 Engineering/Chemical Defence detachment (<a href="/wiki/Huludao" title="Huludao">Huludao</a>, Liaoning);</li> <li>1 Helicopter detachment (<a href="/wiki/Puzhong" class="mw-redirect" title="Puzhong">Puzhong</a>, Shanxi).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2nd_Mobile_Contingent">2nd Mobile Contingent</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 2nd Mobile Contingent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%9C%BA%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队第二机动总队">zh:中国人民武装警察部队第二机动总队</a></div> <p>The 2nd Mobile Contingent is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Fuzhou" title="Fuzhou">Fuzhou</a>, with units concentrated in <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a> and surrounding provinces along the coast (covering eastern and southern China).<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13">: 13 </span></sup> The 2nd Mobile Contingent consists of:<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 14">: 14 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li>9 mobile detachments (Wuyi, <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a>; <a href="/wiki/Putian" title="Putian">Putian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>; <a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mengzi_City" title="Mengzi City">Mengzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nanchong" title="Nanchong">Nanchong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>);</li> <li>2 Special Operations detachments (Guangzhou and <a href="/wiki/Huzhou" title="Huzhou">Huzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>);</li> <li>3 Transportation detachments (<a href="/wiki/Hefei" title="Hefei">Hefei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mianyang" title="Mianyang">Mianyang</a>, Sichuan; <a href="/wiki/Linzhi" class="mw-redirect" title="Linzhi">Linzhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>);</li> <li>1 Engineering/Chemical Defense detachment (Fuzhou, Fujian);</li> <li>1 Helicopter detachment (<a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a>, Sichuan).</li></ul> <p>The incumbent Commander is Major General Chen Hongwu, while the Political Commissar is Major General Yang Zhenguo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internal_Guard_Corps">Internal Guard Corps</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Internal Guard Corps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the 2017, the People's Armed Police is no longer subordinated to the local government authorities but instead subordinated to the Armed Police Headquarters. Instead, the People's Armed Police is composed of echelons corresponding to all government levels, from the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Provincial</a> (including Autonomous Regions or Municipalities directly under the central government) to the <a href="/wiki/Townships_of_China" title="Townships of China">Township</a> levels; the territorial organization is that of the PAP Internal Guard Corps (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">内卫部队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Nèiwèi Bùduì</span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 10">: 10 </span></sup> Prior to 2017, Provincial level Contingents were subordinate both to the Armed Police headquarters and the provincial government. </p><p>The thirty-one Internal Guard Contingents are responsible for security duty of important political and economic facilities and government buildings at all levels (including party and state organizations, foreign embassies, and consulates), municipal armed patrol, and security duty for senior government officials. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provincial_level">Provincial level</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Provincial level"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within each <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">provincial level division</a>, an IGC Contingent (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">总队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zǒngduì</span></i>), a formation equivalent in rank to a <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">PLA</a> Division,<sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 116">: 116 </span></sup> is stationed, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jamestown24Mar16PAP_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jamestown24Mar16PAP-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The provincial command is deputy corps leader grade (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">副军级</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Fùjūnjí</span></i>), with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> Commands, which are senior in rank (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">正军级</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zhèngjūnjí</span></i>; <abbr title="Literal translation"><small>lit.</small></abbr> 'corps leader grade'). A provincial Contingent is deemed to be between 15,000 and 30,000 troops strong.<sup id="cite_ref-BootCampPAPSOF_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BootCampPAPSOF-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main tasks of the provincial commands are to undertake fixed target duty and urban armed patrol missions, to ensure the security of important national goals, as force multipliers during emergency situations, whether be natural or man made, to maintain national security and social stability, to support national economic construction and to carry out rescue and disaster relief missions in tandem with other organizations. </p><p>Each Contingent maintains a Staff, a Political Work Department and a Discipline Inspection Department. Beijing and Xinjiang Contingents maintain these departments at the Deputy Corps Leader Grade, while the other 30 Contingents maintain them at the Division Leader Grade.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup> All provincial-level Contingents maintain "Duty Detachments" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">执勤支队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zhíqín Zhīduì</span></i>), which perform routine duties, including protecting government compounds, in order to be able to complement the Public Security apparatus in case of the latter's failure to handle riots and other forms of mass incidents.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 22">: 22 </span></sup> </p><p>Alongside the territorial forces, units roughly equivalent to PLA ground force regiments/brigades, some of which formerly subordinated to the disbanded 14 mobile divisions and some already established within the provincial commands, have been renamed "Mobile Detachments" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">机动支队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Jīdòng Zhīduì</span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 233">: 233 </span></sup> Several of these Mobile Detachments are assigned to the provincial-level commands, in order to provide local authorities of rapid reaction forces. 26 provincial-level subdivisions have 1 Mobile Detachment in addition to the provincial force; seven subdivisions instead have more than one:<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 12–13, 36">: 12–13, 36 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a>: 7 Mobile Detachments;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>: 4 Mobile Detachments;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>: 4 Mobile Detachments;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>: 3 Mobile Detachments;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>: 3 Mobile Detachments;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a>: 2 Mobile Detachments;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>: 2 Mobile Detachments.</li></ul> <p>Generally, western provinces with a large non-Han population have more Mobile Detachments than those in China's interior.<sup id="cite_ref-CarrdusPolicingETurk_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CarrdusPolicingETurk-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="List_of_Provincial_Contingents">List of Provincial Contingents</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: List of Provincial Contingents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Beijing_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Beijing Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Beijing Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队北京市总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Shanghai_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Shanghai Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Shanghai Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82%E6%80%BB" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队上海市总">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Tianjin_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Tianjin Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Tianjin Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%B4%A5%E5%B8%82%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队天津市总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Chongqing_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Chongqing Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Chongqing Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E9%87%8D%E5%BA%86%E5%B8%82%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队重庆市总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Chongqing_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Chongqing Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Chongqing Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; 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font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队四川省总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Guizhou_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Guizhou Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Guizhou Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E8%B4%B5%E5%B7%9E%E7%9C%81%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队贵州省总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Yunnan_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Yunnan Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Yunnan Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E4%BA%91%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队云南省总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Inner_Mongolia_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Inner Mongolia Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Inner Mongolia Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%86%85%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队内蒙古自治区总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Xinjiang_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Xinjiang Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Xinjiang Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%90%BE%E5%B0%94%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队新疆维吾尔自治区总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Ningxia_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Ningxia Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Ningxia Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队宁夏回族自治区总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Guangxi_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Guangxi Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Guangxi Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队广西壮族自治区总队">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Tibet_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Tibet Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Tibet Contingent</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lower_levels">Lower levels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Lower levels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The IGC Contingents deployed at the provincial levels are further downsized to regiments/brigades, battalions and companies in battle order, which are stationed in a number of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the headquarters. All the contingents have elementary command colleges under them.<sup id="cite_ref-CAPF_27-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CAPF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A PAP Detachment (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">支队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zhīduì</span></i>, equivalent to a PLA regiment/brigade) is stationed at the <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefectures of the People's Republic of China">prefectural level</a>, a public security battalion (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">大队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Dàduì</span></i>, equivalent to a PLA battalion) at the <a href="/wiki/Counties_of_China" title="Counties of China">county level</a>, and a public security company (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">中队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngduì</span></i>, equivalent to a PLA company) at the township level.<sup id="cite_ref-Guo2012_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 234">: 234 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 7">: 7 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Border_Defense_Corps">Border Defense Corps</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Border Defense Corps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the 2018 reform, the People's Armed Police Border Defense Corps (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">边防部队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Biānfáng Bùdùi</span></i>) guarded China's land and sea borders, as well as its ports and airports. Its main responsibilities were the administration of border and coastal public security, ports and border inspection and surveillance, performing patrols and surveillance activities in areas adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macao</a>, as well as patrols and surveillance activities along the demarcation line of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin" title="Gulf of Tonkin">Beibu Gulf</a> and the prevention of and crack-down on illegal and criminal acts in border and coastal areas, such as illegal border crossing, smuggling and drug trafficking.<sup id="cite_ref-APF_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APF-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the 2018 reform, Port and Seaport detachments of Border Defense Corps have been transferred into the Ministry of Public Security, whereas responsibility of guarding land borders was completely handed over to <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force">PLAGF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ni2018_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ni2018-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="China_Coast_Guard">China Coast Guard</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: China Coast Guard"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a></div> <p>The Chinese People's Armed Police Force Coast Guard Corps, also abbreviated as <a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a> is the agency for maritime search and rescue and law enforcement in the territorial waters of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>. The China Coast Guard was formerly the maritime branch of the People's Armed Police (PAP) Border Security Force under the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Ministry of Public Security</a> until 2013. In March 2013, China announced it would form a unified Coast Guard commanded by the <a href="/wiki/State_Oceanic_Administration" title="State Oceanic Administration">State Oceanic Administration</a>. This renewed Coast Guard has been in operation since July 2013. As of July 1, 2018, the <a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a> was transferred from civilian control of the State Council and the <a href="/wiki/State_Oceanic_Administration" title="State Oceanic Administration">State Oceanic Administration</a>, to the People's Armed Police, ultimately placing it under the command of the Central Military Commission (CMC). </p><p>According to Joel Wuthnow, the Coast Guard Command within the People's Armed Police possibly is of Corps Leader Grade, led by a Commandant who is usually holding Major General (Rear Admiral) rank.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup> </p><p>In June 2018, China Coast Guard was granted maritime rights and law enforcement akin civilian law enforcement agencies in order to carry out contrast of illegal activities, keep peace and order, as well as safeguarding security at sea, when performing duties related to the use of marine resources, protection of marine environment, regulation of fishery, and anti-smuggling.<sup id="cite_ref-NPCObs22Jun18_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPCObs22Jun18-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Special_police_units">Special police units</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Special police units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Special_Police_Unit_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Police Unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force">Special Police Unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force</a></div> <p>The People's Armed Police maintains several Special Police Units. They were established in Beijing in early 1980s and in 1983 the first of them was transferred to the People's Armed Police as the People's Armed Police Special Police Group. In 1985 the Group became People's Armed Police Special Police School and, in 2002, it became the People's Armed Police Special Police Academy.<sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 123">: 123 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BootCampPAPSOF_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BootCampPAPSOF-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2002, the Snow Wolf Commando Unit, since 2007 Snow Leopard Commando Unit, was established in Beijing as the second special police unit.<sup id="cite_ref-Sun2009_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 123">: 123 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BootCampPAPSOF_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BootCampPAPSOF-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Joel Wuthnow, the Snow Leopard Commando Unit was moved from the Beijing Contingent to the 2nd Mobile Contingent in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 36">: 36 </span></sup> </p><p>Special police units have a total of six Regiment-level Detachments. Of these six Detachments, three are under the 1st Mobile Contingent, two detachments are assigned to the 2nd Mobile Contingent. One Regiment-level Detachment is under the Xinjiang provincial command.<sup id="cite_ref-USDODREP2023CHINA_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDODREP2023CHINA-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The special police units are tasked to carry out counter terrorism missions, riot control, anti-hijacking and bomb disposal.<sup id="cite_ref-BootCampPAPSOF_44-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BootCampPAPSOF-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organization">Organization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Special Police Units are organized and placed at the Provincial level and at national level.<sup id="cite_ref-BootCampPAPSOF_44-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BootCampPAPSOF-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The national-level Special Police Unit is the People's Armed Police Special Police Academy, reporting to the People's Armed Police Headquarters. The academy has both educational and operational roles. On one hand, it is tasked to provide courses in special reconnaissance and special police operations; on the other hand, it has to carry out counter terrorism missions, riot control, anti-hijacking and bomb disposal. The main operational unit of the People's Armed Police Special Police Academy is the Falcon Unit.<sup id="cite_ref-BootCampPAPSOF_44-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BootCampPAPSOF-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the 1st and 2nd Mobile Contingents maintain a total of 5 Special Operations Detachments.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 12–13">: 12–13 </span></sup> </p><p>Each provincial-level Contingent (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">总队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zǒngduì</span></i>) establishes and maintains special police units as part of its own territorial organization.<sup id="cite_ref-BootCampPAPSOF_44-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BootCampPAPSOF-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2019, there are three known special police units within the People's Armed Police:<sup id="cite_ref-HT21Aug19_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HT21Aug19-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PLADaily21Aug19_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PLADaily21Aug19-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Falcon Commando Unit: Beijing;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Leopard_Commando_Unit" title="Snow Leopard Commando Unit">Snow Leopard Commando Unit</a>: Guangzhou;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Eagle_Commando_Unit" title="Mountain Eagle Commando Unit">Mountain Eagle Commando Unit</a>: Xinjiang.</li></ul> <p>For what regards Special Operations detachments of the Mobile Contingents, some of the specialized units may have drawn from the provincial Contingents.<sup id="cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 36">: 36 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Communications">Communications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Communications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Using the national information infrastructure, the PAP has established a preliminary system of three-level integrated information networks, linking general headquarters with the grass-roots squadrons.<sup id="cite_ref-CAPF_27-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CAPF-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In response to the needs of the People's Armed Police, the service provides for the use of many types of weapons. Special Operation Forces of People's Armed Police uses various kind of weapons according to necessity of missions. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidearm_(weapon)" title="Sidearm (weapon)">Service sidearm</a>: <a href="/wiki/QSZ-92" title="QSZ-92">QSZ-92</a><sup id="cite_ref-TNIChineseGuns_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TNIChineseGuns-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assault_rifle" title="Assault rifle">Assault rifle</a>: <a href="/wiki/QBZ-95" title="QBZ-95">QBZ-95</a>, <a href="/wiki/QBZ-191" title="QBZ-191">QBZ-191</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norinco_CQ" title="Norinco CQ">Type CQ</a><sup id="cite_ref-TNIChineseGuns_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TNIChineseGuns-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">Submachine gun</a>: <a href="/wiki/QCW-05" title="QCW-05">QCW-05</a><sup id="cite_ref-TNIChineseGuns_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TNIChineseGuns-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In addition, the People's Armed Police makes use of remotely-controlled technologies such as unmanned aerial vehicles, advanced surveillance technology and bomb disposal robots, as well as intelligent unmanned systems.<sup id="cite_ref-Boyd21Jun19_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boyd21Jun19-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ChinaMil6Nov19_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChinaMil6Nov19-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Helicopters">Helicopters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Helicopters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harbin_Z-20" title="Harbin Z-20">Harbin Z-20</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fallen_Officers">Fallen Officers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Fallen Officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The total amount of fallen officers is currently unknown. </p><p>On March 5, 1989, a PAP Corporal was beat to death during the <a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%931989_Tibetan_unrest" title="1987–1989 Tibetan unrest">1987–1989 Tibetan unrest</a><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>On October 4, 2005, 59 PAP officer trainees were killed by <a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Longwang" title="Typhoon Longwang">typhoon Longwang</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>On August 4 2008, 16 PAP Border Defense Corps officers were killed in the <a href="/wiki/2008_Kashgar_attack" title="2008 Kashgar attack">2008 Kashgar attack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Dianmu_(2016)" title="Tropical Storm Dianmu (2016)">Tropical Storm Dianmu</a> in August 2016, a member of the Border Defense Corps was killed by floods in Hainan while helping in rescue efforts. He was posthumously awarded the <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Devotion_for_National_Defense" title="Medal of Devotion for National Defense">Medal of Devotion for National Defense</a> second class.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 2, 2024, A PAP officer from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police_Ningxia_Contingent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Armed Police Ningxia Contingent (page does not exist)">People's Armed Police Ningxia Contingent</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%AE%81%E5%A4%8F%E5%9B%9E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8C%BA%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民武装警察部队宁夏回族自治区总队">zh</a>]</span> drowned while conducting a rescue operation. He was posthumously awarded the <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Devotion_for_National_Defense" title="Medal of Devotion for National Defense">Medal of Devotion for National Defense</a> first class.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ranks_and_insignia">Ranks and insignia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Ranks and insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to its history with the PLA, the PAP has a similar rank structure to the PLA and also obeys its regulations. PAP guards are also recruited at the same time and through the same procedures as PLA soldiers. However, the PAP has its own education and training system separate from the PLA. Like the PLA, the PAP also celebrates Army Day on August 1 of every year, and enjoys the same services as the PLA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Officers">Officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Title </th> <th>武警上将 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Shang_jiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Shang jiang">shang jiang</a> </th> <th>武警中将 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Zhong_jiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhong jiang">zhong jiang</a> </th> <th>武警少将 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Jiang_(rank)" title="Jiang (rank)">Shao jiang</a> </th> <th>武警大校 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Da_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Da xiao">da xiao</a> </th> <th>武警上校 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Shang_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Shang xiao">shang xiao</a> </th> <th>武警中校 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Zhong_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhong xiao">zhong xiao</a> </th> <th>武警少校 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Shao_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Shao xiao">shao xiao</a> </th> <th>武警上尉 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Shang_wei" class="mw-redirect" title="Shang wei">shang wei</a> </th> <th>武警中尉 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Zhong_wei" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhong wei">zhong wei</a> </th> <th>武警少尉 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Shao_wei" class="mw-redirect" title="Shao wei">shao wei</a> </th> <th>武警学员 <br /> Wu jing <a href="/wiki/Xue_yuan" title="Xue yuan">xue yuan</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Usual Translation </th> <th><a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">General</a><br />(OF-9) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a><br />(OF-8) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a><br />(OF-7) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Senior_Colonel" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior Colonel">Senior colonel</a><br />(OF-6) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a><br />(OF-5) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a><br />(OF-4) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a><br />(OF-3) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Captain_(army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (army)">Captain</a><br />(OF-2) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/First_Lieutenant" class="mw-redirect" title="First Lieutenant">1st lieutenant</a><br />(OF-1) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">2nd lieutenant</a><br />(OF-1) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">Officer cadet</a><br />(OF-D) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Shoulder Insignia </th> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0720-GEN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/CAPF-0720-GEN.png/60px-CAPF-0720-GEN.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/CAPF-0720-GEN.png/90px-CAPF-0720-GEN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/CAPF-0720-GEN.png/120px-CAPF-0720-GEN.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0719-LTG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/CAPF-0719-LTG.png/60px-CAPF-0719-LTG.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/CAPF-0719-LTG.png/90px-CAPF-0719-LTG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/CAPF-0719-LTG.png/120px-CAPF-0719-LTG.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0718-MG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/CAPF-0718-MG.png/60px-CAPF-0718-MG.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/CAPF-0718-MG.png/90px-CAPF-0718-MG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/CAPF-0718-MG.png/120px-CAPF-0718-MG.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0717-SNC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/CAPF-0717-SNC.png/60px-CAPF-0717-SNC.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/CAPF-0717-SNC.png/90px-CAPF-0717-SNC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/CAPF-0717-SNC.png/120px-CAPF-0717-SNC.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0716-COL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/CAPF-0716-COL.png/60px-CAPF-0716-COL.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/CAPF-0716-COL.png/90px-CAPF-0716-COL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/CAPF-0716-COL.png/120px-CAPF-0716-COL.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0715-LTC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/CAPF-0715-LTC.png/60px-CAPF-0715-LTC.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/CAPF-0715-LTC.png/90px-CAPF-0715-LTC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/CAPF-0715-LTC.png/120px-CAPF-0715-LTC.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0714-MAJ.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CAPF-0714-MAJ.png/60px-CAPF-0714-MAJ.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CAPF-0714-MAJ.png/90px-CAPF-0714-MAJ.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/CAPF-0714-MAJ.png/120px-CAPF-0714-MAJ.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0713-CPT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/CAPF-0713-CPT.png/60px-CAPF-0713-CPT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/CAPF-0713-CPT.png/90px-CAPF-0713-CPT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/CAPF-0713-CPT.png/120px-CAPF-0713-CPT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0712-1LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CAPF-0712-1LT.png/60px-CAPF-0712-1LT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CAPF-0712-1LT.png/90px-CAPF-0712-1LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/CAPF-0712-1LT.png/120px-CAPF-0712-1LT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0711-2LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/CAPF-0711-2LT.png/60px-CAPF-0711-2LT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/CAPF-0711-2LT.png/90px-CAPF-0711-2LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/CAPF-0711-2LT.png/120px-CAPF-0711-2LT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="5%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0710-CDT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/CAPF-0710-CDT.png/60px-CAPF-0710-CDT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/CAPF-0710-CDT.png/90px-CAPF-0710-CDT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/CAPF-0710-CDT.png/120px-CAPF-0710-CDT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Collar Insignia </th> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0720-GEN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/CAPF-Collar-0720-GEN.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0720-GEN.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/CAPF-Collar-0720-GEN.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0720-GEN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/CAPF-Collar-0720-GEN.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0720-GEN.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0719-LTG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CAPF-Collar-0719-LTG.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0719-LTG.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CAPF-Collar-0719-LTG.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0719-LTG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/CAPF-Collar-0719-LTG.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0719-LTG.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0718-MG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/CAPF-Collar-0718-MG.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0718-MG.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/CAPF-Collar-0718-MG.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0718-MG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/CAPF-Collar-0718-MG.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0718-MG.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0717-SNC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/CAPF-Collar-0717-SNC.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0717-SNC.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/CAPF-Collar-0717-SNC.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0717-SNC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/CAPF-Collar-0717-SNC.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0717-SNC.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0716-COL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CAPF-Collar-0716-COL.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0716-COL.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CAPF-Collar-0716-COL.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0716-COL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CAPF-Collar-0716-COL.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0716-COL.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0715-LTC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/CAPF-Collar-0715-LTC.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0715-LTC.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/CAPF-Collar-0715-LTC.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0715-LTC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/CAPF-Collar-0715-LTC.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0715-LTC.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CAPF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CAPF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CAPF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0713-CPT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/CAPF-Collar-0713-CPT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0713-CPT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/CAPF-Collar-0713-CPT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0713-CPT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/CAPF-Collar-0713-CPT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0713-CPT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0712-1LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/CAPF-Collar-0712-1LT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0712-1LT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/CAPF-Collar-0712-1LT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0712-1LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/CAPF-Collar-0712-1LT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0712-1LT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="9%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0711-2LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/CAPF-Collar-0711-2LT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0711-2LT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/CAPF-Collar-0711-2LT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0711-2LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/CAPF-Collar-0711-2LT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0711-2LT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" width="5%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0710-CDT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/CAPF-Collar-0710-CDT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0710-CDT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/CAPF-Collar-0710-CDT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0710-CDT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/CAPF-Collar-0710-CDT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0710-CDT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-commissioned_officers_and_enlisted">Non-commissioned officers and enlisted</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Non-commissioned officers and enlisted"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Title </th> <th>武警一级警士长 <br /> Wu jing yi ji jing shi zhang </th> <th>武警二级警士长 <br /> Wu jing er ji jing shi zhang </th> <th>武警三级警士长 <br /> Wu jing san ji jing shi zhang </th> <th>武警四级警士长 <br /> Wu jing si ji jing shi zhang </th> <th>武警上士 <br /> Wu jing shang shi </th> <th>武警中士 <br /> Wu jing zhong shi </th> <th>武警下士 <br /> Wu jing xia shi </th> <th>武警上等兵 <br /> Wu jing shang deng bing </th> <th>武警列兵 <br /> Wu jing lie bing </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Usual Translation </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_major" title="Sergeant major">Master Sergeant 1st class</a><br />(OR-9) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/First_sergeant" title="First sergeant">Master Sergeant 2nd class</a><br />(OR-8) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Master_sergeant" title="Master sergeant">Master Sergeant 3rd class</a><br />(OR-7) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_first_class" title="Sergeant first class">Master sergeant 4th class</a><br />(OR-6) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Staff_sergeant" title="Staff sergeant">Staff sergeant</a><br />(OR-5) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a><br />(OR-4) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a><br />(OR-3) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Private_first_class" title="Private first class">Private 1st class</a><br />(OR-2) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a><br />(OR-1) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Shoulder Insignia </th> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0709-1CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/CAPF-0709-1CSGT.png/60px-CAPF-0709-1CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/CAPF-0709-1CSGT.png/90px-CAPF-0709-1CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/CAPF-0709-1CSGT.png/120px-CAPF-0709-1CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0708-2CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/CAPF-0708-2CSGT.png/60px-CAPF-0708-2CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/CAPF-0708-2CSGT.png/90px-CAPF-0708-2CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/CAPF-0708-2CSGT.png/120px-CAPF-0708-2CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0707-3CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/CAPF-0707-3CSGT.png/60px-CAPF-0707-3CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/CAPF-0707-3CSGT.png/90px-CAPF-0707-3CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/CAPF-0707-3CSGT.png/120px-CAPF-0707-3CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0706-4CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/CAPF-0706-4CSGT.png/60px-CAPF-0706-4CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/CAPF-0706-4CSGT.png/90px-CAPF-0706-4CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/CAPF-0706-4CSGT.png/120px-CAPF-0706-4CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0705-SSG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/CAPF-0705-SSG.png/60px-CAPF-0705-SSG.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/CAPF-0705-SSG.png/90px-CAPF-0705-SSG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/CAPF-0705-SSG.png/120px-CAPF-0705-SSG.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0704-SGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/CAPF-0704-SGT.png/60px-CAPF-0704-SGT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/CAPF-0704-SGT.png/90px-CAPF-0704-SGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/CAPF-0704-SGT.png/120px-CAPF-0704-SGT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0703-CPL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/CAPF-0703-CPL.png/60px-CAPF-0703-CPL.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/CAPF-0703-CPL.png/90px-CAPF-0703-CPL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/CAPF-0703-CPL.png/120px-CAPF-0703-CPL.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0702-PFC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CAPF-0702-PFC.png/60px-CAPF-0702-PFC.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CAPF-0702-PFC.png/90px-CAPF-0702-PFC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/CAPF-0702-PFC.png/120px-CAPF-0702-PFC.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-0701-PVT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CAPF-0701-PVT.png/60px-CAPF-0701-PVT.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CAPF-0701-PVT.png/90px-CAPF-0701-PVT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/CAPF-0701-PVT.png/120px-CAPF-0701-PVT.png 2x" data-file-width="1274" data-file-height="2971" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th>Collar Insignia </th> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/CAPF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/CAPF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/CAPF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/CAPF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/CAPF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/CAPF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/CAPF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/CAPF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/CAPF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/CAPF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/CAPF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/CAPF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0705-SSG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CAPF-Collar-0705-SSG.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0705-SSG.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CAPF-Collar-0705-SSG.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0705-SSG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/CAPF-Collar-0705-SSG.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0705-SSG.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0704-SGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CAPF-Collar-0704-SGT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0704-SGT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CAPF-Collar-0704-SGT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0704-SGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CAPF-Collar-0704-SGT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0704-SGT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0703-CPL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/CAPF-Collar-0703-CPL.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0703-CPL.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/CAPF-Collar-0703-CPL.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0703-CPL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/CAPF-Collar-0703-CPL.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0703-CPL.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0702-PFC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/CAPF-Collar-0702-PFC.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0702-PFC.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/CAPF-Collar-0702-PFC.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0702-PFC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/CAPF-Collar-0702-PFC.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0702-PFC.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td> <td width="10%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CAPF-Collar-0701-PVT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CAPF-Collar-0701-PVT.png/70px-CAPF-Collar-0701-PVT.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CAPF-Collar-0701-PVT.png/105px-CAPF-Collar-0701-PVT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/CAPF-Collar-0701-PVT.png/140px-CAPF-Collar-0701-PVT.png 2x" data-file-width="833" data-file-height="1691" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_rank_systems">Historical rank systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Historical rank systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Type_55_PSF-PLA_uniform">Type 55 PSF-PLA uniform</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Type 55 PSF-PLA uniform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Officers</dt></dl> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="10">General / flag officers </th> <th colspan="6">Senior officers </th> <th colspan="8">Junior officers </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/19px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/29px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/38px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> PSF-PLA</b> (1955–1965) </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_d%C3%A0_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/PLA_d%C3%A0_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_d%C3%A0_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/PLA_d%C3%A0_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_d%C3%A0_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/PLA_d%C3%A0_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_d%C3%A0_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0o_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_ji%C3%A0ng_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_d%C3%A0_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PLA_d%C3%A0_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_d%C3%A0_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PLA_d%C3%A0_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_d%C3%A0_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PLA_d%C3%A0_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_d%C3%A0_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0o_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_xi%C3%A0o_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_d%C3%A0_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/PLA_d%C3%A0_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_d%C3%A0_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/PLA_d%C3%A0_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_d%C3%A0_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/PLA_d%C3%A0_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_d%C3%A0_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0o_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PLA_sh%C3%A0o_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0o_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_zh%C7%94n_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PLA_zh%C7%94n_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/50px-PLA_zh%C7%94n_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PLA_zh%C7%94n_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/75px-PLA_zh%C7%94n_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PLA_zh%C7%94n_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg/100px-PLA_zh%C7%94n_w%C3%A8i_Type_55.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="707" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Four-star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-star rank">General</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">大将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_general" title="Colonel general">Colonel general</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_commandant" title="Colonel commandant">Colonel commandant</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">大校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(armed_forces)" title="Captain (armed forces)">Captain</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">大尉</span></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Senior_lieutenant" title="Senior lieutenant">Senior lieutenant</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上尉</span></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中尉</span></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">Second lieutenant</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少尉</span></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">准尉</span></span> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>Collar insignia (adopted 1958) </th> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_of_the_Army_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/General_of_the_Army_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-General_of_the_Army_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/General_of_the_Army_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-General_of_the_Army_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/General_of_the_Army_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-General_of_the_Army_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lieutenant_General_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lieutenant_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Lieutenant_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lieutenant_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Lieutenant_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lieutenant_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Lieutenant_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Major_General_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Major_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Major_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Major_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Major_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Major_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Major_General_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senior_Colonel_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Senior_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Senior_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Senior_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Senior_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Senior_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Senior_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Colonel_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lieutenant_Colonel_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Lieutenant_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Lieutenant_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Lieutenant_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Lieutenant_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Lieutenant_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Lieutenant_Colonel_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Major_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Major_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Major_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Major_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Major_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Major_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Major_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Captain_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Captain_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Captain_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Captain_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Captain_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Captain_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Captain_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Senior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Senior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Senior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Senior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Senior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Senior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lieutenant_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Junior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Junior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Junior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Junior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Junior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Junior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Junior_Lieutenant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warrant_Officer_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Warrant_Officer_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/80px-Warrant_Officer_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Warrant_Officer_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/120px-Warrant_Officer_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Warrant_Officer_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/160px-Warrant_Officer_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Non-commissioned officers and enlisted</dt></dl> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th> </th> <th colspan="12">Non-Commissioned Officers </th> <th colspan="8">Enlisted personnel </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/19px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/29px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/38px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> People's Armed Police</b><br /> (1955–1965) </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Senior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Senior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/150px-Senior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Senior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/225px-Senior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Senior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/300px-Senior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sergeant_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/150px-Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/225px-Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/300px-Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Junior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Junior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/150px-Junior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Junior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/225px-Junior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Junior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/300px-Junior_Sergeant_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Private_First_Class_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Private_First_Class_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/150px-Private_First_Class_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Private_First_Class_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/225px-Private_First_Class_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Private_First_Class_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/300px-Private_First_Class_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Private_collar_insignia_(PRC).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Private_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/150px-Private_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Private_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/225px-Private_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Private_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg/300px-Private_collar_insignia_%28PRC%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="207" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff Sergeant</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上士</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中士</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">下士</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Private_first_class" title="Private first class">Private 1st class</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上等兵</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">列兵</span></span>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Type_88_PAP">Type 88 PAP</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Type 88 PAP"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Officers</dt></dl> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="10">General / flag officers </th> <th colspan="6">Senior officers </th> <th colspan="8">Junior officers </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/19px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/29px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/38px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> People's Armed Police</b> (1988–1994) </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yi_Ji_Shang_Jiang(PLAGF_OF-11_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Yi_Ji_Shang_Jiang%28PLAGF_OF-11_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Yi_Ji_Shang_Jiang%28PLAGF_OF-11_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Yi_Ji_Shang_Jiang%28PLAGF_OF-11_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Yi_Ji_Shang_Jiang%28PLAGF_OF-11_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Yi_Ji_Shang_Jiang%28PLAGF_OF-11_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="98" data-file-height="247" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shang_Jiang_(PLAGF_OF-10_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Shang_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-10_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Shang_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-10_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Shang_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-10_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Shang_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-10_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Shang_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-10_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="248" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhong_Jiang_(PLAGF_OF-9_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Zhong_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-9_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Zhong_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-9_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Zhong_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-9_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Zhong_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-9_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Zhong_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-9_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="98" data-file-height="247" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shao_Jiang_(PLAGF_OF-8_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Shao_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-8_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Shao_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-8_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Shao_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-8_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Shao_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-8_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Shao_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-8_Type_88%29.gif/100px-Shao_Jiang_%28PLAGF_OF-8_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="102" data-file-height="262" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Da_Xiao_(PLAGF_OF-7_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Da_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-7_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Da_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-7_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Da_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-7_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Da_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-7_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Da_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-7_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="250" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shang_Xiao_(PLAGF_OF-6_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Shang_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-6_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Shang_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-6_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Shang_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-6_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Shang_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-6_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Shang_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-6_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="98" data-file-height="251" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhong_Xiao_(PLAGF_OF-5_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Zhong_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-5_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Zhong_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-5_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Zhong_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-5_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Zhong_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-5_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Zhong_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-5_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="252" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shao_Xiao_(PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Shao_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Shao_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Shao_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Shao_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Shao_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif/100px-Shao_Xiao_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="102" data-file-height="255" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shang_Wei_(PLAGF_OF-3_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Shang_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-3_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Shang_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-3_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Shang_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-3_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Shang_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-3_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Shang_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-3_Type_88%29.gif/100px-Shang_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-3_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="102" data-file-height="257" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhong_Wei_(PLAGF_OF-2_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zhong_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-2_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Zhong_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-2_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Zhong_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-2_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Zhong_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-2_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Zhong_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-2_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="258" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shao_Wei_(PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Shao_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Shao_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Shao_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Shao_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Shao_Wei_%28PLAGF_OF-1_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="258" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xue_Yuan_(PLAGF_OF-D_Type_88).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Xue_Yuan_%28PLAGF_OF-D_Type_88%29.gif/50px-Xue_Yuan_%28PLAGF_OF-D_Type_88%29.gif" decoding="async" width="50" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Xue_Yuan_%28PLAGF_OF-D_Type_88%29.gif/75px-Xue_Yuan_%28PLAGF_OF-D_Type_88%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Xue_Yuan_%28PLAGF_OF-D_Type_88%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="98" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Four-star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-star rank">General</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">大将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_general" title="Colonel general">Colonel general</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少将</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_commandant" title="Colonel commandant">Colonel commandant</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">大校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少校</span></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(armed_forces)" title="Captain (armed forces)">Captain</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">大尉</span></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中尉</span></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">Second lieutenant</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少尉</span></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">Officer cadet</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">学员</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Non-commissioned officers and enlisted</dt></dl> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th> </th> <th colspan="20">Non-Commissioned Officers </th> <th colspan="8">Enlisted personnel </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/19px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/29px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/38px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> People's Armed Police</b><br /> (1988–1994) </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_zh%C7%8Eng_Type_88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PLA_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_zh%C7%8Eng_Type_88.jpg/50px-PLA_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_zh%C7%8Eng_Type_88.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PLA_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_zh%C7%8Eng_Type_88.jpg/75px-PLA_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_zh%C7%8Eng_Type_88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PLA_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_zh%C7%8Eng_Type_88.jpg/100px-PLA_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_zh%C7%8Eng_Type_88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_zhu%C4%81n_y%C3%A8_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PLA_zhu%C4%81n_y%C3%A8_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/50px-PLA_zhu%C4%81n_y%C3%A8_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PLA_zhu%C4%81n_y%C3%A8_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/75px-PLA_zhu%C4%81n_y%C3%A8_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PLA_zhu%C4%81n_y%C3%A8_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/100px-PLA_zhu%C4%81n_y%C3%A8_j%C5%ABn_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="242" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="247" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/50px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/75px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/100px-PLA_zh%C5%8Dng_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="243" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_xi%C3%A0_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PLA_xi%C3%A0_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/50px-PLA_xi%C3%A0_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PLA_xi%C3%A0_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/75px-PLA_xi%C3%A0_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/PLA_xi%C3%A0_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg/100px-PLA_xi%C3%A0_sh%C3%AC_Type_88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="243" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_d%C4%9Bng_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_d%C4%9Bng_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg/50px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_d%C4%9Bng_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_d%C4%9Bng_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg/75px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_d%C4%9Bng_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_d%C4%9Bng_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg/100px-PLA_sh%C3%A0ng_d%C4%9Bng_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="243" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA_li%C3%A8_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/PLA_li%C3%A8_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg/50px-PLA_li%C3%A8_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/PLA_li%C3%A8_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg/75px-PLA_li%C3%A8_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/PLA_li%C3%A8_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg/100px-PLA_li%C3%A8_b%C4%ABng_Type_88.jpg 2x" data-file-width="101" data-file-height="243" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_major" title="Sergeant major">Sergeant major</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">一级军士长</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Master_sergeant" title="Master sergeant">Master sergeant</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">二级军士长</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff Sergeant</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上士</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中士</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">下士</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Private_first_class" title="Private first class">Private 1st class</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上等兵</span></span>) </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a><br />(<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">列兵</span></span>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie" title="Gendarmerie">Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)_Military_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (Taiwan) Military Police">Republic of China (Taiwan) Military Police</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_equivalents">International equivalents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: International equivalents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Gendarmerie" title="National Gendarmerie">National Gendarmerie</a> - France</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Russia" title="National Guard of Russia">Russian National Guard</a> - Russia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Brigade_Corps" title="Mobile Brigade Corps">Mobile Brigade Corps</a> - Indonesia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Armed_Police_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Armed Police Force">Central Armed Police Force</a> - India</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Badge of the Chinese PAP Force (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans-CN">中国人民武装警察部队徽</span></span>) was determined by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a> and officially put into use on August 1, 2021, in accordance with the 2020 revision of the National Defense Law's Article 28.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditionally subject to the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Public Security system</a>, the PAP used the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Badge_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Police&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Police Badge of the Chinese People's Police (page does not exist)">Police Badge of the Chinese People's Police</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E8%AD%A6%E5%BE%BD" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民警察警徽">zh</a>]</span> (1983) as its symbol and cap insignia. But from 2007, <a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_(CAPF)_cap_insignia.svg" title="File:Chinese People's Armed Police Force (CAPF) cap insignia.svg">the PAP cap insignia</a> is slightly different from the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Service of the People's Republic of China">civil</a> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">People's Police</a> badge by using <a href="/wiki/Olive_green" class="mw-redirect" title="Olive green">olive green</a> instead of police blue on the shield and adding the <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive</a> branches alongside the <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> branches around the shield.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation">abbreviation</a>: <b>PAP</b>; <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">中国人民武装警察部队</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngguó Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá Bùduì</span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">人民警察</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Rénmín Jǐngchá</span></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">武警</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Wǔjǐng</span></i>; <abbr title="Literal translation"><small>lit.</small></abbr> 'Armed Police'</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mod.gov.cn/topnews/2021-07/29/content_4890496.htm">"武警部队徽将于8月1日启用"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Daily" title="People's Liberation Army Daily">People's Liberation Army Daily</a> Press</i>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China">Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China</a>. 2021-07-29. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210729092307/http://www.mod.gov.cn/topnews/2021-07/29/content_4890496.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-07-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-07-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=People%27s+Liberation+Army+Daily+Press&rft.atitle=%E6%AD%A6%E8%AD%A6%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%BE%BD%E5%B0%86%E4%BA%8E8%E6%9C%881%E6%97%A5%E5%90%AF%E7%94%A8&rft.date=2021-07-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mod.gov.cn%2Ftopnews%2F2021-07%2F29%2Fcontent_4890496.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChina_Military_Web" class="citation web cs1">China Military Web. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210103a0cge300">"解放军军旗、军徽和武警部队旗、徽简史"</a>. <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Daily" title="People's Liberation Army Daily">People's Liberation Army Daily</a> Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211027181432/https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210103a0cge300">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-10-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-07-31</span></span> – via QQ.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E5%86%9B%E6%97%97%E3%80%81%E5%86%9B%E5%BE%BD%E5%92%8C%E6%AD%A6%E8%AD%A6%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E6%97%97%E3%80%81%E5%BE%BD%E7%AE%80%E5%8F%B2&rft.pub=People%27s+Liberation+Army+Daily+Press&rft.au=China+Military+Web&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnew.qq.com%2Frain%2Fa%2F20210103a0cge300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.mod.gov.cn/xb/MilitaryServices/index.html">"Military Services – Ministry of National Defense"</a>. <i>eng.mod.gov.cn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eng.mod.gov.cn&rft.atitle=Military+Services+%E2%80%93+Ministry+of+National+Defense&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feng.mod.gov.cn%2Fxb%2FMilitaryServices%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sun2009-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun2009_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSunWu2009" class="citation journal cs1">Sun, Ivan Y.; Wu, Yuning (December 2009). "The Role of the People's Armed Police in Chinese Policing". <i>Asian Journal of Criminology</i>. <b>4</b> (2): 107–128. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11417-008-9059-y">10.1007/s11417-008-9059-y</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1871-0131">1871-0131</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143891785">143891785</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Journal+of+Criminology&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+the+People%27s+Armed+Police+in+Chinese+Policing&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=107-128&rft.date=2009-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143891785%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1871-0131&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11417-008-9059-y&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Ivan+Y.&rft.au=Wu%2C+Yuning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChinaDaily2009-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ChinaDaily2009_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChinaDaily2009_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-08/27/content_8625494.htm">"Top legislature passes armed police law"</a>. <i>China Daily</i>. 2009-08-27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210831092927/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2009-08/27/content_8625494.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-08-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Daily&rft.atitle=Top+legislature+passes+armed+police+law&rft.date=2009-08-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fchina%2F2009-08%2F27%2Fcontent_8625494.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blasko2006-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blasko2006_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlasko2006" class="citation book cs1">Blasko, Dennis J. (2006). <i>The Chinese Army today : tradition and transformation for the 21st century</i> (2nd ed.). London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0415770025" title="Special:BookSources/0415770025"><bdi>0415770025</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/68694731">68694731</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chinese+Army+today+%3A+tradition+and+transformation+for+the+21st+century&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F68694731&rft.isbn=0415770025&rft.aulast=Blasko&rft.aufirst=Dennis+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Xia2017-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Xia2017_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXiaZhangZhu2017" class="citation news cs1">Xia, Mingxing; Zhang, Ning; Zhu, Xiongnan (16 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171228232426/http://dangshi.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0816/c85037-29473731.html">"毛泽东关心武警部队早期建设纪事"</a> [Mao Zedong cares about the early construction of the armed police force]. <i>People's Daily Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dangshi.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0816/c85037-29473731.html">the original</a> on 28 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=People%27s+Daily+Online&rft.atitle=%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%85%B3%E5%BF%83%E6%AD%A6%E8%AD%A6%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E6%97%A9%E6%9C%9F%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E7%BA%AA%E4%BA%8B&rft.date=2017-08-16&rft.aulast=Xia&rft.aufirst=Mingxing&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Ning&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Xiongnan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdangshi.people.com.cn%2Fn1%2F2017%2F0816%2Fc85037-29473731.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bao Xiaoyan and Zhang Tingyu: "Comparison of the Leadership System of the Armed Police Force and the French Gendarmerie", in "Journal of the Armed Police Command Academy" 2010, Issue 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Xia Yong, Gendarmerie as a Law Enforcement Force: Type Comparison and Enlightenment, "Rules of Law Research", 2016, Issue 3, page 110</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShambaugh,_David_L.2002" class="citation book cs1">Shambaugh, David L. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernizingchina0000sham/page/170"><i>Modernizing China's military : progress, problems, and prospects</i></a>. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/modernizingchina0000sham/page/170">170</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0520225074" title="Special:BookSources/0520225074"><bdi>0520225074</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/49225216">49225216</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modernizing+China%27s+military+%3A+progress%2C+problems%2C+and+prospects&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F49225216&rft.isbn=0520225074&rft.au=Shambaugh%2C+David+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmodernizingchina0000sham%2Fpage%2F170&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChu,_Fang.1998" class="citation book cs1">Chu, Fang. 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Boulder, CO: Westview Press. pp. 40–41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/081333456X" title="Special:BookSources/081333456X"><bdi>081333456X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/38286530">38286530</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gun+barrel+politics+%3A+party--army+relations+in+Mao%27s+China&rft.place=Boulder%2C+CO&rft.pages=40-41&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F38286530&rft.isbn=081333456X&rft.au=Chu%2C+Fang.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HandbookChineseArmy1960-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HandbookChineseArmy1960_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmy1960" class="citation book cs1">Army, United States Department of the (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g40PLENq5SEC"><i>Handbook on the Chinese Communist Army</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+on+the+Chinese+Communist+Army&rft.place=Washington&rft.pages=43-44&rft.pub=The+Department&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=Army&rft.aufirst=United+States+Department+of+the&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg40PLENq5SEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF张2017" class="citation web cs1">张, 海华 (29 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171229052139/http://www.81.cn/2016wujing/2016-03/06/content_6944527.htm">"武警部队历史沿革 - 中国军网"</a>. 中国军网. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%AD%A6%E8%AD%A6%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%B2%BF%E9%9D%A9+-+%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E7%BD%91&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E7%BD%91&rft.date=2017-12-29&rft.aulast=%E5%BC%A0&rft.aufirst=%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%8E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.81.cn%2F2016wujing%2F2016-03%2F06%2Fcontent_6944527.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guo2012-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guo2012_18-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuo2012" class="citation book cs1">Guo, Xuezhi (2012). <i>China's security state : philosophy, evolution, and politics</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Secretive+Army+Grows+to+Maintain+Order+in+China&rft.date=1999-03-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Eckholm&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F03%2F28%2Fworld%2Fa-secretive-army-grows-to-maintain-order-in-china.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/china-s-coast-guard-is-now-a-military-police-unit">"China's Coast Guard is Now a Military Police Unit"</a>. <i>The Maritime Executive</i>. 2018-03-21. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190815080140/https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/china-s-coast-guard-is-now-a-military-police-unit">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-08-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Maritime+Executive&rft.atitle=China%27s+Coast+Guard+is+Now+a+Military+Police+Unit&rft.date=2018-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maritime-executive.com%2Farticle%2Fchina-s-coast-guard-is-now-a-military-police-unit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CD28Dec17-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CD28Dec17_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhao2017" class="citation news cs1">Zhao, Lei (28 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201712/28/WS5a441fa5a31008cf16da3d96.html">"Command of Armed Police Force to be unified - Chinadaily.com.cn"</a>. <i>China Daily</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180126185235/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201712/28/WS5a441fa5a31008cf16da3d96.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Daily&rft.atitle=Command+of+Armed+Police+Force+to+be+unified+-+Chinadaily.com.cn&rft.date=2017-12-28&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Lei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fa%2F201712%2F28%2FWS5a441fa5a31008cf16da3d96.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SCMP28Dec17-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SCMP28Dec17_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhou2017" class="citation news cs1">Zhou, Viola (28 December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/2126039/reason-why-chinas-armed-police-will-now-only-take">"Why China's armed police will only take orders from Xi's army elite"</a>. <i>South China Morning Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180127011354/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/2126039/reason-why-chinas-armed-police-will-now-only-take">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Why+China%27s+armed+police+will+only+take+orders+from+Xi%27s+army+elite&rft.date=2017-12-28&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Viola&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Fpolicies-politics%2Farticle%2F2126039%2Freason-why-chinas-armed-police-will-now-only-take&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201004005022/http://www.mod.gov.cn/topnews/2018-01/10/content_4802151.htm">"国防部新闻发言人吴谦就武警部队旗寓意答问"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China">Ministry of National Defense of the People's Republic of China</a>. 2018-01-10. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mod.gov.cn/topnews/2018-01/10/content_4802151.htm">the original</a> on 2020-10-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E9%83%A8%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E5%8F%91%E8%A8%80%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%B4%E8%B0%A6%E5%B0%B1%E6%AD%A6%E8%AD%A6%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E6%97%97%E5%AF%93%E6%84%8F%E7%AD%94%E9%97%AE&rft.pub=Ministry+of+National+Defense+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft.date=2018-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mod.gov.cn%2Ftopnews%2F2018-01%2F10%2Fcontent_4802151.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jamestown24Mar16PAP-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jamestown24Mar16PAP_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jamestown24Mar16PAP_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZi2018" class="citation web cs1">Zi, Yang (22 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecns.cn/2018/03-22/296669.shtml">"Party plan for reform unveiled - China Daily"</a>. <i>ECNS.cn</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180322073807/http://www.ecns.cn/2018/03-22/296669.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 22 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ECNS.cn&rft.atitle=Party+plan+for+reform+unveiled+-+China+Daily&rft.date=2018-03-22&rft.aulast=Zi&rft.aufirst=Yang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecns.cn%2F2018%2F03-22%2F296669.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ni2018-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ni2018_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ni2018_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ni2018_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNi2018" class="citation news cs1">Ni, Wei (2018-04-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bjnews.com.cn/inside/2018/04/06/482152.html">"武警改革的出与进：八大警种瘦身健体"</a> [The Coming and Going of the PAP Reform: Eight Corps Slimming Down]. <i>The Beijing News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619163903/http://www.bjnews.com.cn/inside/2018/04/06/482152.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Beijing+News&rft.atitle=%E6%AD%A6%E8%AD%A6%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%87%BA%E4%B8%8E%E8%BF%9B%EF%BC%9A%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E8%AD%A6%E7%A7%8D%E7%98%A6%E8%BA%AB%E5%81%A5%E4%BD%93&rft.date=2018-04-06&rft.aulast=Ni&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bjnews.com.cn%2Finside%2F2018%2F04%2F06%2F482152.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Armed+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wuthnow2019-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wuthnow2019_26-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuthnow2019" class="citation book cs1">Wuthnow, Joel (16 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inss.ndu.edu/Portals/82/China%20SP%2014%20Final%20for%20Web.pdf"><i>China's Other Army: The People's Armed Police in an Era of Reform</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781781906569" title="Special:BookSources/9781781906569"><bdi>9781781906569</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231101161143/https://books.google.com/books?id=2VeVCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA70">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Wang_Ning_(general)" title="Wang Ning (general)">Wang Ning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Chunning" title="Wang Chunning">Wang Chunning</a></li></ol> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/50px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/75px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg/100px-People%27s_Armed_Police_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:China_national_security" title="Special:EditPage/Template:China national security"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_security_and_law_enforcement_in_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_security_of_China" title="National security of China">National security</a> and <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_China" title="Law enforcement in China">law enforcement</a> in China</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Commission_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="National Security Commission of the Chinese Communist Party">National Security Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Militia" title="Maritime Militia">Maritime Militia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Mobilization_Commission" title="National Defense Mobilization Commission">NDMC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Front_Work_Department" title="United Front Work Department">United Front Work Department</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">Ministry of State Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Ministry of Public Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Mobilization_Commission" title="National Defense Mobilization Commission">National Defense Mobilization Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (China)">Ministry of National Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Affairs_Office" title="Taiwan Affairs Office">Taiwan Affairs Office</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Supervisory_Commission" title="National Supervisory Commission">Supervisory Commissions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Police_(China)" title="People's Police (China)">People's Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of Public Security (China)">Public Security PP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_security_bureau_(China)" title="Public security bureau (China)">provincial Public Security Departments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_security_bureau_(China)" title="Public security bureau (China)">city/county Public Security Bureaus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Internet_police" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Internet police">Internet police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Immigration_Administration" title="National Immigration Administration">Immigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Immigration_Inspection" title="China Immigration Inspection">Inspection</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_State_Security_(China)" title="Ministry of State Security (China)">State Security PP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice_(China)" title="Ministry of Justice (China)">Judicial Administrative PP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_China" title="Judicial system of China">People's Courts Judicial Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_People%27s_Procuratorate" title="Supreme People's Procuratorate">People's Procuratorates Judicial Police</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's Armed Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Administration_of_Customs" title="General Administration of Customs">Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Administration_of_State_Secrets_Protection" title="National Administration of State Secrets Protection">State Secrets Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberspace_Administration_of_China" title="Cyberspace Administration of China">Cyberspace Admin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Administrative_and_Law_Enforcement_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Administrative and Law Enforcement Bureau">Urban Admin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Hong_Kong" title="Law enforcement in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Safeguarding_National_Security" title="Office for Safeguarding National Security">Office for Safeguarding National Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_Safeguarding_National_Security" title="Committee for Safeguarding National Security">Committee for Safeguarding National Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Garrison" title="Hong Kong Garrison">PLA Hong Kong Garrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Commission_Against_Corruption_(Hong_Kong)" title="Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)">Independent Commission Against Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciplined_Services" title="Disciplined Services">Disciplined Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Police_Force" title="Hong Kong Police Force">Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Department" title="National Security Department">National Security Department</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Fire_Services_Department" title="Hong Kong Fire Services Department">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correctional_Services_Department" title="Correctional Services Department">Correction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Customs_and_Excise_Department" title="Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department">Customs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Department_(Hong_Kong)" title="Immigration Department (Hong Kong)">Immigration</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement in Macau">Macau</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macao_Garrison" title="Macao Garrison">PLA Macau Garrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_Against_Corruption" title="Commission Against Corruption">Commission Against Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Security_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Macau Security Force">Macau Security Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Unitary_Police_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unitary Police Service (page does not exist)">Unitary Police Service</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E7%B8%BD%E5%B1%80" class="extiw" title="zh:警察總局">zh</a>]</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Security_Police_Force" title="Public Security Police Force">Public Security Police</a> (including <i>Migration Service</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau_Judicial_Police&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macau Judicial Police (page does not exist)">Judicial Police</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%B1%80" class="extiw" title="zh:澳門司法警察局">zh</a>]</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_Services_Bureau" title="Fire Services Bureau">Fire Services Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correctional_Services_Bureau" title="Correctional Services Bureau">Correctional Services Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau_Customs_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macau Customs Service (page does not exist)">Macau Customs Service</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E6%B5%B7%E9%97%9C" class="extiw" title="zh:澳門海關">zh</a>]</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_to_Suppress_Counterrevolutionaries" title="Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries">Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries</a> (1950–53)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-anti_and_Five-anti_Campaigns" title="Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns">Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns</a> (1951–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufan_movement" title="Sufan movement">Sufan movement</a> (1955–57)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Rightist_Campaign" title="Anti-Rightist Campaign">Anti-Rightist Campaign</a> (1957–59)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_August" title="Red August">Red August</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadian_incident" title="Shadian incident">Shadian incident</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_%22Strike_Hard%22_Anti-crime_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="1983 "Strike Hard" Anti-crime Campaign">1983 "Strike Hard" Anti-crime Campaign</a> (1983–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Falun_Gong" title="Persecution of Falun Gong">Persecution of Falun Gong</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6521_Project" title="6521 Project">6521 Project</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-corruption_campaign_under_Xi_Jinping" title="Anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping">Anti-corruption campaign</a> (2012–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_Hard_Campaign_Against_Violent_Terrorism" title="Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism">Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism</a> (2014–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Fox_Hunt" title="Operation Fox Hunt">Operation Fox Hunt</a> (2014–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/709_crackdown" title="709 crackdown">709 crackdown</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_intelligence_activity_abroad" title="Chinese intelligence activity abroad">Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_information_operations_and_information_warfare" title="Chinese information operations and information warfare">Information operations and information warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_espionage_in_the_United_States" title="Chinese espionage in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_crackdown_on_dissidents_in_China" title="2011 crackdown on dissidents in China">2011 crackdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/610_Office" title="610 Office">610 Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_jails" title="Black jails">Black jails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_China" title="Capital punishment in China">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_China" title="Censorship in China">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Case_Examination_Group" title="Central Case Examination Group">Central Case Examination Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Servant-Family_Pair_Up" title="Civil Servant-Family Pair Up">Civil Servant-Family Pair Up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_sentence_with_reprieve" title="Death sentence with reprieve">Death sentence with reprieve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Cannon" title="Great Cannon">Great Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grid-style_social_management_in_China" title="Grid-style social management in China">Grid-style social management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hong_Kong_national_security_law" title="2020 Hong Kong national security law"> Hong Kong national security law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hong_Kong_national_security_cases" title="List of Hong Kong national security cases">List of Hong Kong national security cases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_China" title="Human rights in China">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Tibet" title="Human rights in Tibet">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Macau" title="Human rights in Macau">Macao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Hong_Kong" title="Human rights in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_China" title="Internet censorship in China">Internet censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inciting_subversion_of_state_power" title="Inciting subversion of state power">Inciting subversion of state power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_China" title="Judicial system of China">Judicial system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Judiciary of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Macau" title="Judiciary of Macau">Judiciary of Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laogai" title="Laogai">Laogai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment_in_China" title="Life imprisonment in China">Life imprisonment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_system_in_China" title="Penal system in China">Penal system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PLA_Unit_61398" title="PLA Unit 61398">PLA Unit 61398</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_offences_in_China" title="Political offences in China">Political offences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picking_quarrels_and_provoking_trouble" title="Picking quarrels and provoking trouble">Picking quarrels and provoking trouble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re-education_through_labor" title="Re-education through labor">Re-education through labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residential_Surveillance_at_a_Designated_Location" title="Residential Surveillance at a Designated Location">Residential Surveillance at a Designated Location</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_detention" title="Soft detention">Soft detention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuanggui" title="Shuanggui">Shuanggui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-faced_person" title="Two-faced person">Two-faced person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China" title="Persecution of Uyghurs in China">Persecution of Uyghurs in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_internment_camps" title="Xinjiang internment camps">Xinjiang internment camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holistic_security_concept" class="mw-redirect" title="Holistic security concept">Holistic security concept</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border&#124;link=China&#124;alt=China_People&#039;s_Liberation_Army" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Template:People's Liberation Army"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Template talk:People's Liberation Army"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Special:EditPage/Template:People's Liberation Army"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border&#124;link=China&#124;alt=China_People&#039;s_Liberation_Army" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/19px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="History of the People's Liberation Army">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernization_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Modernization of the People's Liberation Army">Modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_budget_of_China" title="Military budget of China">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_equipment_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Category:Military equipment of the People's Republic of China">Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Military_decorations_of_China" title="Template:Military decorations of China">Decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_generals_of_China" title="List of generals of China">Generals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="China and weapons of mass destruction">Weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_information_operations_and_information_warfare" title="Chinese information operations and information warfare">Information operations and information warfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ground</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Structure_of_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_since_2017" title="Template:Structure of People's Liberation Army Ground Force since 2017">Structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="List of equipment of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Equipment</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infantry of the People's Liberation Army (page does not exist)">Infantry</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E6%AD%A5%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军步兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armored_forces_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armored forces of the People's Liberation Army (page does not exist)">Armored forces</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E8%A3%85%E7%94%B2%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军装甲兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Field_artillery_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Field artillery of the People's Liberation Army (page does not exist)">Artillery</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E7%82%AE%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军炮兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_defense_artillery_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air defense artillery of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force (page does not exist)">Air defense</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E9%99%86%E5%86%9B%E9%98%B2%E7%A9%BA%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军陆军防空兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_Aviation" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force Aviation">Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_aircraft" title="List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft">aircraft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_corps_of_engineers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Liberation Army corps of engineers (page does not exist)">Engineers</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军工程兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_chemical_defense_forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Liberation Army chemical defense forces (page does not exist)">Chemical defense</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E9%98%B2%E5%8C%96%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军防化兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">Special operations units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Organization">Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_weaponry_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="Naval weaponry of the People's Liberation Army Navy">Weaponry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_history_of_China" title="Naval history of China">History</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Branches: <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Surface_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Surface Force">Surface</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="List of active People's Liberation Army Navy ships">ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_aircraft_carrier_programme" title="Chinese aircraft carrier programme">aircraft carriers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Submarine_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force">Submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Coastal_Defense_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Coastal Defense Force">Coastal Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Naval_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force">Naval Air</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_aircraft" title="List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft">aircraft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Marine_Corps" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">special operations units</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Fleets: <a href="/wiki/North_Sea_Fleet" title="North Sea Fleet">North Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sea_Fleet" title="East Sea Fleet">East Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Fleet" title="South Sea Fleet">South Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation" title="Aviation">Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_aircraft" title="List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft">aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force_airbases" title="List of People's Liberation Army Air Force airbases">airbases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force_Airborne_Corps" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force Airborne Corps">Airborne Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">special operations units</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Rocket_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Rocket Force">Rocket</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_(missile)" title="Dongfeng (missile)">Missile operation units</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_corps_of_engineers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Liberation Army corps of engineers (page does not exist)">Rocket Force corps of engineers</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军工程兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">Special operations units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Aerospace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force">Aerospace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Astronaut_Corps" title="People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps">Astronaut Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_astronauts" title="List of Chinese astronauts">astronauts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Deep_Space_Network" title="Chinese Deep Space Network">Deep Space Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Cyberspace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Cyberspace Force">Cyberspace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Cyberspace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Cyberspace Force">Cyberspace Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Information_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Information Support Force">Information Support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Information_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Information Support Force">Information Support Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Joint_Logistics_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force">Joint Logistics Support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Joint_Logistics_Support_Base" title="Wuhan Joint Logistics Support Base">Wuhan Joint Logistics Support Base</a></li> <li>Theater's Joint Logistics Support Centers: <a href="/wiki/Wuxi_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Wuxi Joint Logistics Support Center">Wuxi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Guilin_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Guilin Joint Logistics Support Center">Guilin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Xining_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Xining Joint Logistics Support Center">Xining</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Shenyang Joint Logistics Support Center">Shenyang</a>; <a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Zhengzhou Joint Logistics Support Center">Zhengzhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.7em"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military<br /> Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission">Vice-Chairmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="General Office of the Central Military Commission">General Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_(China)" title="Joint Staff Department (China)">Joint Staff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_of_the_Joint_Staff_Department" title="Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department">Intelligence Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Guard_Bureau" title="Central Guard Bureau">Guard Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Guard_Regiment" title="Central Guard Regiment">Guard Unit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Work_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission">Political Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistic_Support_Department" title="Logistic Support Department">Logistic Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equipment_Development_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission">Equipment Development</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Manned_Space_Agency" title="China Manned Space Agency">Manned Space Agency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_and_Administration_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Training and Administration Department of the Central Military Commission">Training and Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Mobilization_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="National Defense Mobilization Department of the Central Military Commission">National Defense Mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission">Discipline Inspection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Strategic_Planning_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Office for Strategic Planning of the Central Military Commission">Strategic Planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Reform_and_Organizational_Structure" title="Office for Reform and Organizational Structure">Reform and Organizational Structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_International_Military_Cooperation_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Office for International Military Cooperation of the Central Military Commission">International Military Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audit_Office_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Audit Office of the Central Military Commission">Audit Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_Offices_Administration_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Agency for Offices Administration of the Central Military Commission">Offices Administration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.7em"><a href="/wiki/Theater_command" title="Theater command">Theater <br />Commands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Theater_Command" title="Eastern Theater Command">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Theater_Command" title="Southern Theater Command">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Garrison" title="Hong Kong Garrison">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macao_Garrison" title="Macao Garrison">Macau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Theater_Command" title="Western Theater Command">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Military_District" title="Tibet Military District">Tibet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Theater_Command" title="Northern Theater Command">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Theater_Command" title="Central Theater Command">Central</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.7em">Military regions<br /> (defunct)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang_Military_Region" title="Shenyang Military Region">Shenyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Military_Region" title="Beijing Military Region">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanzhou_Military_Region" title="Lanzhou Military Region">Lanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinan_Military_Region" title="Jinan Military Region">Jinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Military_Region" title="Nanjing Military Region">Nanjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou_Military_Region" title="Guangzhou Military Region">Guangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_Military_Region" title="Chengdu Military Region">Chengdu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ranks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ground Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uniform</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xingkong_(camouflage)" title="Xingkong (camouflage)">Xingkong (camouflage)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_07" title="Type 07">Type 07</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_99_(camouflage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 99 (camouflage)">Type 99 (camouflage)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_97_Service_Dress" title="Type 97 Service Dress">Type 97 Service Dress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Academy_of_Military_Sciences" title="People's Liberation Army Academy of Military Sciences">Academy of Military Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_National_Defence_University" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army National Defence University">National Defence University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Defense_Technology" title="National University of Defense Technology">National University of Defense Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Command_College_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Command College of the Chinese People's Liberation Army">Army Command College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PLA_Air_Force_Aviation_University" class="mw-redirect" title="PLA Air Force Aviation University">PLA Air Force Aviation University</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_institutions_of_the_armed_forces_of_China" title="Academic institutions of the armed forces of China">Academic institutions of the armed forces of China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/PLA_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="PLA Daily">PLA Daily</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/August_First_Film_Studio" title="August First Film Studio">August First Film Studio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CCTV-7" title="CCTV-7">CCTV-7</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Science_of_Military_Strategy" title="The Science of Military Strategy">The Science of Military Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_Defense_White_Paper" title="China's Defense White Paper">Defense White Paper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_China" title="Paramilitary forces of China">Paramilitary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's Armed Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Police_Unit_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Police Unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force">Special police units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Leopard_Commando_Unit" title="Snow Leopard Commando Unit">Snow Leopard Commando Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Eagle_Commando_Unit" title="Mountain Eagle Commando Unit">Mountain Eagle Commando Unit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Militia" title="Maritime Militia">Maritime Militia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_Production_and_Construction_Corps" title="Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps">Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contractors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Aero-Technology_Import_%26_Export_Corporation" title="China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation">China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Electronics_Import_%26_Export_Corporation" title="China National Electronics Import & Export Corporation">China National Electronics Import & Export Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norinco" title="Norinco">Norinco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Precision_Machinery_Import-Export_Corporation" title="China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation">China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Shipbuilding_Industry_Corporation" title="China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation">China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poly_Technologies" title="Poly Technologies">Poly Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sons_of_National_Defence" title="Seven Sons of National Defence">Seven Sons of National Defence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of wars involving the People's Republic of China">Armed conflicts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Volunteer_Army" title="People's Volunteer Army">Korean War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Authorized_Defense_Products_Dealer_of_PRC" title="Template:Authorized Defense Products Dealer of PRC">Authorized defense products dealer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="China_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:China_topics" title="Template:China topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:China_topics" title="Template talk:China topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:China_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:China topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="China_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_China" title="Outline of China">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Chinese_history" title="Timeline of Chinese history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_historiography" title="Chinese historiography">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_China" title="Military history of China">Military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Chinese_language" title="History of the Chinese language">Language</a></li> <li>Economic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_China_before_1912" title="Economic history of China before 1912">before 1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Economic history of China (1912–1949)">1912–1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_China_(1949%E2%80%93present)" title="Economic history of China (1949–present)">1949–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Chinese_history" title="Ethnic groups in Chinese history">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_foreign_relations_of_China" title="History of foreign relations of China">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynasties_of_China" title="Dynasties of China">Dynasties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_monarchs" title="List of Chinese monarchs">Monarchs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_China" title="Prehistory of China">Prehistoric</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Paleolithic_sites_in_China" title="List of Paleolithic sites in China">Paleolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Neolithic_cultures_of_China" title="List of Neolithic cultures of China">Neolithic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_River_civilization" title="Yellow River civilization">Yellow River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangtze_civilization" title="Yangtze civilization">Yangtze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_civilization" title="Liao civilization">Liao</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_China#Ancient_China" title="History of China">Ancient</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xia_dynasty" title="Xia dynasty">Xia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shang_dynasty" title="Shang dynasty">Shang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Late_Shang" title="Late Shang">Late</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Zhou" title="Western Zhou">Western Zhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period" title="Spring and Autumn period">Spring and Autumn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period">Warring States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_China#Imperial_China" title="History of China">Imperial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Wu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Jin (266–420)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteen_Kingdoms" title="Sixteen Kingdoms">Sixteen Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_dynasties" title="Northern and Southern dynasties">Northern and Southern dynasties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sui_dynasty" title="Sui dynasty">Sui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_period" title="Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period">Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(1115%E2%80%931234)" title="Jin dynasty (1115–1234)">Jin (1115–1234)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Qing_era" title="High Qing era">High Qing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Century_of_humiliation" title="Century of humiliation">Century of humiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiping_Rebellion" title="Taiping Rebellion">Taiping Rebellion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_China#Modern_China" title="History of China">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1911_Revolution" title="1911 Revolution">1911 Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Revolution" title="Chinese Communist Revolution">Chinese Communist Revolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of the People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Tiananmen_Square_protests_and_massacre" title="1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre">Tiananmen Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_economic_reform" title="Chinese economic reform">Economic reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China" title="COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China">COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Uyghurs_in_China" title="Persecution of Uyghurs in China">persecution of Uyghurs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_China" title="Geography of China">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_China" title="Borders of China">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_China" title="List of extreme points of China">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_China" title="Geology of China">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_disasters_in_China" title="Natural disasters in China">Natural disasters</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_China" title="List of regions of China">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_China" title="East China">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_China" title="Northeast China">Northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_China" title="North China">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Central_China" title="South Central China">South Central</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_China" title="Central China">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_China" title="South China">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_China" title="Western China">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_China" title="Northwestern China">Northwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_China" title="Southwestern China">Southwestern</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Terrain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bays_of_China" title="Category:Bays of China">Bays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canyons_and_gorges_of_China" title="Category:Canyons and gorges of China">Canyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Caves_of_China" title="Category:Caves of China">Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deserts_of_China" title="Category:Deserts of China">Deserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grasslands_of_China" title="Category:Grasslands of China">Grasslands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hills_of_China" title="Category:Hills of China">Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_China" title="List of islands of China">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_China" title="Category:Mountains of China">Mountains</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_China" title="Category:Mountain ranges of China">ranges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_passes_of_China" title="Category:Mountain passes of China">passes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peninsulas_of_China" title="Category:Peninsulas of China">Peninsulas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_China_Plain" title="Northeast China Plain">Northeast</a> / <a href="/wiki/North_China_Plain" title="North China Plain">North</a> / <a href="/wiki/Zhongyuan" title="Zhongyuan">Central Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Valleys_of_China" title="Category:Valleys of China">Valleys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_China" title="List of volcanoes in China">Volcanoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Water</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canals_in_China" title="Category:Canals in China">Canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_China" title="List of lakes of China">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_China" title="List of rivers of China">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waterfalls_of_China" title="Category:Waterfalls of China">Waterfalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wetlands_of_China" title="Category:Wetlands of China">Wetlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_resources_of_China" title="Water resources of China">Water resources</a></li> <li>Seas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bohai_Sea" title="Bohai Sea">Bohai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Sea" title="Yellow Sea">Yellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_China_Sea" title="East China Sea">East China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_China" title="Environment of China">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_China" title="Climate change in China">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_policy_of_China" title="Climate policy of China">Climate policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_China" title="Environmental issues in China">Environmental issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_in_China" title="Environmental policy in China">Environmental policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_China" title="List of protected areas of China">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_China" title="List of national parks of China">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nature_reserves_in_China" title="Category:Nature reserves in China">Nature reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UNESCO_Biosphere_Reserves_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in China">UNESCO Biosphere Reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_China" title="Wildlife of China">Wildlife</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Fauna of China">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China" title="Flora of China">Flora</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_China" title="Administrative divisions of China">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baselines_of_the_Chinese_territorial_sea" title="Baselines of the Chinese territorial sea">Baseline islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Border_crossings_of_China" title="Category:Border crossings of China">Border crossings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_China" title="List of cities in China">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_China" title="Administrative divisions of China">Province-level subdivisions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_China" title="Politics of China">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Law" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Law of the People's Republic of China">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_China" title="Judicial system of China">Judicial system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_China" title="Human rights in China">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in China">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Tibet" title="Human rights in Tibet">in Tibet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_China" title="Law enforcement in China">Law enforcement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penal_system_in_China" title="Penal system in China">Penal system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_laws_in_China" title="Naming laws in China">Naming laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationality_law_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationality law of China">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_China" title="Terrorism in China">Terrorism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_China" title="Government of China">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_service_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Civil service of the People's Republic of China">Civil service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_China" title="Constitution of China">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_China" title="Democracy in China">Democracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_democracy_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese democracy movement">Pro-democratisation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_China" title="Elections in China">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_in_China" title="Environmental policy in China">Environmental policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_China" title="Foreign relations of China">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Standing Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_security_of_China" title="National security of China">National security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_China" title="List of political parties in China">Political parties and movements</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politburo_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party">Politburo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_front_(China)" title="United front (China)">United front</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Political Consultative Conference</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_stage_of_socialism" title="Primary stage of socialism">Primary stage of socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_China" title="President of China">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_China" title="Vice President of China">Vice President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_China" title="Premier of China">Premier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_China" title="Vice Premier of China">Vice Premier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of China">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_military_history_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Outline of the military history of the People's Republic of China">Outline of military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (China)">Ministry of National Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Rocket_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Rocket Force">Rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Strategic_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force">Strategic Support</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's Armed Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Militia" title="Maritime Militia">Maritime Militia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_China" title="Agriculture in China">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_in_China" title="Aquaculture in China">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_China" title="Banking in China">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Bank_of_China" title="People's Bank of China">Central bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_China_(1949%E2%80%93present)" title="Economic history of China (1949–present)">Economic history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_economic_reform" title="Chinese economic reform">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zones_of_China" title="Special economic zones of China">Special economic zones</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-commerce_in_China" title="E-commerce in China">E-commerce</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Online_advertising_in_China" title="Online advertising in China">Online advertising</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_China" title="Energy policy of China">Energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coal_in_China" title="Coal in China">Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_China" title="Petroleum industry in China">Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_China" title="Renewable energy in China">Renewable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_China" title="Foreign aid to China">Foreign aid received</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_foreign_aid" title="Chinese foreign aid">Foreign aid program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_GDP_of_China" title="Historical GDP of China">Historical GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_of_China" title="Industry of China">Industry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_industry_in_China" title="Chemical industry in China">Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_mining_in_China" title="Gold mining in China">Gold mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_industry_in_China" title="Semiconductor industry in China">Semiconductors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_industry_in_China" title="Steel industry in China">Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_China" title="Textile industry in China">Textiles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_China" title="Poverty in China">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_China" title="Standard of living in China">Standard of living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_China" title="Taxation in China">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_China" title="Tourism in China">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_trade_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of trade of the People's Republic of China">Trade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture in China">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_China" title="Housing in China">Housing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_China" title="Telecommunications in China">Telecommunications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_China" title="Internet in China">Internet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_China" title="Water supply and sanitation in China">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_China" title="Transport in China">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_China" title="Automotive industry in China">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_aviation_in_China" title="Civil aviation in China">Civil aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_China" title="Rail transport in China">Rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipping_industry_of_China" title="Shipping industry of China">Shipping industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_space_program" title="Chinese space program">Space program</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_China" title="Category:Society of China">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_China" title="Abortion in China">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_China" title="Censorship in China">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Dream" title="Chinese Dream">Chinese Dream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_China" title="Crime in China">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_China" title="Corruption in China">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_China" title="Prostitution in China">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_China" title="Sex trafficking in China">Sex trafficking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_China" title="Education in China">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_China" title="Literacy in China">Literacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonious_Society" title="Harmonious Society">Harmonious Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_China" title="Health in China">Health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety_in_China" title="Food safety in China">Food safety</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety_incidents_in_China" title="Food safety incidents in China">incidents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_China" title="HIV/AIDS in China">HIV/AIDS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_intellectualism" title="Chinese intellectualism">Intellectualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Written_Chinese" title="Written Chinese">Written Chinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_China" title="Propaganda in China">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_China" title="Public holidays in China">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_society_in_China" title="Rural society in China">Rural society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_China" title="Science and technology in China">Science and technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technological_and_industrial_history_of_China" title="Technological and industrial history of China">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_China" title="Sexuality in China">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_issues_in_China" title="Social issues in China">Social issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriarchy_in_China" title="Patriarchy in China">Patriarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_China" title="Racism in China">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_discrimination_in_China" title="Regional discrimination in China">Regional discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_China" title="Suicide in China">Suicide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_social_relations" title="Chinese social relations">Social relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_structure_of_China" title="Social structure of China">Structure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_China" title="Time in China">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_society_in_China" title="Urban society in China">Urban society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_in_China" title="Welfare in China">Welfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of China">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_China" title="Archaeology of China">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archives_in_China" title="Archives in China">Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_art" title="Chinese art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calligraphy" title="Chinese calligraphy">Calligraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_China" title="Cinema of China">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_China" title="Dance in China">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libraries_in_China" title="Libraries in China">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_literature" title="Chinese literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_poetry" title="Chinese poetry">Poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_China" title="Mass media in China">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_China" title="Music of China">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_China" title="Names of China">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_philosophy" title="Chinese philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_China" title="Smoking in China">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_China" title="Sport in China">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_tea_culture" title="Chinese tea culture">Tea culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_variety_art" title="Chinese variety art">Variety art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_Historical_and_Cultural_Site_Protected_at_the_National_Level" class="mw-redirect" title="Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level">Major Historical and Cultural Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_China" title="List of World Heritage Sites in China">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Fours_of_China" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Fours of China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Treasures_of_the_Study" title="Four Treasures of the Study">Four Treasures of the Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Great_Inventions" title="Four Great Inventions">Four Great Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Gentlemen" title="Four Gentlemen">Four Gentlemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flowers_of_the_Four_Seasons" title="Flowers of the Four Seasons">Flowers of the Four Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Beauties" title="Four Beauties">Four Beauties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Chinese_Novels" title="Classic Chinese Novels">Four Classic Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_arts" title="Four arts">Four arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Symbols" title="Four Symbols">Four Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Holy_Beasts" title="Four Holy Beasts">Four Holy Beasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Pillars_of_Destiny" title="Four Pillars of Destiny">Four Pillars of Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Paragons_of_the_Early_Tang" title="Four Paragons of the Early Tang">Four Paragons of the Early Tang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Masters_of_the_Ming_dynasty" title="Four Masters of the Ming dynasty">Four Masters of the Ming dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Masters_of_the_Yuan_dynasty" title="Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty">Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Wangs" title="Four Wangs">Four Wangs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_Four" title="Gang of Four">Gang of Four</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Olds" title="Four Olds">Four Olds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Pests_campaign" title="Four Pests campaign">Four Pests campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_China" title="Demographics of China">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_emigration" title="Chinese emigration">Emigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_China" title="List of ethnic groups in China">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunuchs_in_China" title="Eunuchs in China">Eunuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_in_China" title="Migration in China">Internal migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_China" title="Languages of China">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">Statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Population_history_of_China" title="Population history of China">Population history</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Post-80s" title="Post-80s">Post-80s</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Post-90s" title="Post-90s">Post-90s</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbanization_in_China" title="Urbanization in China">Urbanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_China" title="Women in China">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_China" title="Religion in China">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_China" title="Buddhism in China">Buddhism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_China" title="Christianity in China">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_China" title="Catholic Church in China">Catholic Church in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_China" title="Protestantism in China">Protestantism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_China" title="Freedom of religion in China">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion_in_China" title="History of religion in China">History of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_China" title="Irreligion in China">Irreligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_China" title="Islam in China">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_China" title="National symbols of China">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_of_the_Volunteers" title="March of the Volunteers">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Emblem_of_China" title="National Emblem of China">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_China" title="Flag of China">Flag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_China" title="Outline of China">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_China" title="Outline of China">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:China" title="Category:China">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&oldid=1260353848">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Armed_Police&oldid=1260353848</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People%27s_Armed_Police" title="Category:People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" 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