CINXE.COM
Jeff Foust, Author at SpaceNews
<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1134266238",accountID:"3694053",trustKey:"66686",xpid:"VwAOVVZWCxAJXVVWBQMAV1E=",licenseKey:"NRJS-de31e878b1ccb3e4911",applicationID:"994422715"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.6 (Yoast SEO v23.7) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Jeff Foust, Author at SpaceNews</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/page/2/" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"ProfilePage","@id":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/","url":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/","name":"Jeff Foust, Author at SpaceNews","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://spacenews.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?fit=1983%2C1173&ssl=1","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/#primaryimage","url":"https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?fit=1983%2C1173&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?fit=1983%2C1173&ssl=1","width":1983,"height":1173,"caption":"The New Shepard crew capsule descends under parachutes near the end of the NS-28 mission Nov. 22."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://spacenews.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Archives for Jeff Foust"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://spacenews.com/#website","url":"https://spacenews.com/","name":"SpaceNews","description":"Covering the business and politics of space","publisher":{"@id":"https://spacenews.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://spacenews.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://spacenews.com/#organization","name":"SpaceNews","alternateName":"SN","url":"https://spacenews.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://spacenews.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/logo2x2.jpg?fit=200%2C200&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/logo2x2.jpg?fit=200%2C200&ssl=1","width":200,"height":200,"caption":"SpaceNews"},"image":{"@id":"https://spacenews.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/SpaceNewsInc/","https://x.com/SpaceNews_Inc","https://www.linkedin.com/company/668857/","https://twitter.com/SpaceNews_Inc"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://spacenews.com/#/schema/person/7a713ded6ab38a8b78c4e0cfcc90ec1f","name":"Jeff Foust","description":"Jeff Foust has more than a decade of experience writing about space policy, entrepreneurial ventures and regulatory affairs. In 2001, he established spacetoday.net to aggregate and summarize the day's space-related news stories. In 2003, he started The Space Review, a weekly publication of long-form articles and commentary on a wide range of space topics.Foust has previously written for a number of other publications, including Ad Astra, Astronomy Now, National Geographic News, and Sky & Telescope.He earned a Ph.D. in planetary sciences from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1999 and a B.S. with honors in geophysics and planetary science from the California Institute of Technology in 1993.","sameAs":["https://x.com/jeff_foust"],"mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/"}}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//spacenews.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//apogee.spacenews.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//elevate.spacenews.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//c0.wp.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="SpaceNews » Feed" href="https://spacenews.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="SpaceNews » Comments Feed" href="https://spacenews.com/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="SpaceNews » iCal Feed" href="https://spacenews.com/events/?ical=1" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="SpaceNews » Posts by Jeff Foust Feed" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/feed/" /> <link rel="preload" href="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/spacenews/assets/font/Zilla_Slab/ZillaSlab-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <link rel="preload" href="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/spacenews/assets/font/Albert_Sans/AlbertSans-VariableFont_wght.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-blocks-integration-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-subscriptions/vendor/woocommerce/subscriptions-core/build/index.css?ver=7.6.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-stripe-blocks-checkout-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-gateway-stripe/build/upe_blocks.css?ver=fea74077a20387ad88e55aa2b1d75946' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block-styles-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block.min.css?ver=7.2.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>img.wp-smiley,img.emoji{display: inline !important;border: none !important;box-shadow: none !important;height: 1em !important;width: 1em !important;margin: 0 0.07em !important;vertical-align: -0.1em !important;background: none !important;padding: 0 !important;}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css' type='text/css'>.wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme :root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-right{border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote.has-text-align-center{border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-plain{border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='activecampaign-form-block-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/activecampaign-subscription-forms/activecampaign-form-block/build/style-index.css?ver=1732219980' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css' type='text/css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow [class*=wp-block-co-authors-plus]{display:inline}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css' type='text/css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css' type='text/css'>.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignfull,.alignwide) :where(img){width:100%}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css' type='text/css'>.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-memberships-blocks-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-memberships/assets/css/blocks/wc-memberships-blocks.min.css?ver=1.26.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='publisher-media-kit-tabs-block-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/publisher-media-kit//dist/blocks/tabs-block.css?ver=ae40650db20af6e1a5dd' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--primary: var(--color--primary);--wp--preset--color--primary-dark: var(--color--primary-dark);--wp--preset--color--primary-light: var(--color--primary-light);--wp--preset--color--text-primary: var(--color--text-primary);--wp--preset--color--text-secondary: var(--color--text-secondary);--wp--preset--color--text-tertiary: var(--color--text-tertiary);--wp--preset--color--text-inactive: var(--color--text-inactive);--wp--preset--color--text-interactive: var(--color--text-interactive);--wp--preset--color--text-inverted: var(--color--text-inverted);--wp--preset--color--border-dark: var(--color--border-dark);--wp--preset--color--border-medium: var(--color--border-medium);--wp--preset--color--border-light: var(--color--border-light);--wp--preset--color--background-dark: var(--color--background-dark);--wp--preset--color--background-medium: var(--color--background-medium);--wp--preset--color--background-light: var(--color--background-light);--wp--preset--color--background-white: var(--color--background-white);--wp--preset--color--button-primary: var(--color--button-primary);--wp--preset--color--button-secondary: var(--color--button-secondary);--wp--preset--color--green: var(--color--green);--wp--preset--color--yellow: var(--color--yellow);--wp--preset--color--red: var(--color--red);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--grad-1: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 15,21,30) 0%,rgb( 0,0,0) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-2: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 239,237,230) 0%,rgb( 199,197,190) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-3: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 17,17,17 ) 0%,rgb( 85,85,85 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-4: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 68,68,68 ) 0%,rgb( 136,136,136 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-5: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 119,119,119 ) 0%,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 100% );--wp--preset--gradient--grad-6: linear-gradient( 135deg,rgb( 221,221,221 ) 0%,rgb( 255,255,255 ) 100% );--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--font-size--xsmall: var(--font-size--xsmall);--wp--preset--font-size--xlarge: var(--font-size--xlarge);--wp--preset--font-size--2-xlarge: var(--font-size--2xlarge);--wp--preset--font-size--3-xlarge: var(--font-size--3xlarge);--wp--preset--font-size--4-xlarge: var(--font-size--4xlarge);--wp--preset--font-size--5-xlarge: var(--font-size--5xlarge);--wp--preset--font-family--albert-sans: var(--font-family--albert-sans);--wp--preset--font-family--zilla-slab: var(--font-family--zilla-slab);--wp--preset--font-family--inter: "Inter",sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--cardo: Cardo;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1);}:root{--wp--style--global--content-size: var(--layout--content-size);--wp--style--global--wide-size: var(--layout--wide-size);}:where(body){margin: 0;}.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft{float: left;margin-right: 2em;}.wp-site-blocks > .alignright{float: right;margin-left: 2em;}.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter{justify-content: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*,div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: underline;}:root :where(.wp-element-button,.wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-primary-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary) !important;}.has-primary-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-dark) !important;}.has-primary-light-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-light) !important;}.has-text-primary-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-primary) !important;}.has-text-secondary-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-secondary) !important;}.has-text-tertiary-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-tertiary) !important;}.has-text-inactive-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-inactive) !important;}.has-text-interactive-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-interactive) !important;}.has-text-inverted-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-inverted) !important;}.has-border-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-dark) !important;}.has-border-medium-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-medium) !important;}.has-border-light-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-light) !important;}.has-background-dark-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-dark) !important;}.has-background-medium-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-medium) !important;}.has-background-light-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-light) !important;}.has-background-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-white) !important;}.has-button-primary-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--button-primary) !important;}.has-button-secondary-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--button-secondary) !important;}.has-green-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--green) !important;}.has-yellow-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--yellow) !important;}.has-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-primary-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary) !important;}.has-primary-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-dark) !important;}.has-primary-light-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-light) !important;}.has-text-primary-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-primary) !important;}.has-text-secondary-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-secondary) !important;}.has-text-tertiary-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-tertiary) !important;}.has-text-inactive-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-inactive) !important;}.has-text-interactive-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-interactive) !important;}.has-text-inverted-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-inverted) !important;}.has-border-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-dark) !important;}.has-border-medium-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-medium) !important;}.has-border-light-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-light) !important;}.has-background-dark-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-dark) !important;}.has-background-medium-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-medium) !important;}.has-background-light-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-light) !important;}.has-background-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-white) !important;}.has-button-primary-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--button-primary) !important;}.has-button-secondary-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--button-secondary) !important;}.has-green-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--green) !important;}.has-yellow-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--yellow) !important;}.has-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-primary-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary) !important;}.has-primary-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-dark) !important;}.has-primary-light-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--primary-light) !important;}.has-text-primary-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-primary) !important;}.has-text-secondary-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-secondary) !important;}.has-text-tertiary-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-tertiary) !important;}.has-text-inactive-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-inactive) !important;}.has-text-interactive-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-interactive) !important;}.has-text-inverted-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--text-inverted) !important;}.has-border-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-dark) !important;}.has-border-medium-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-medium) !important;}.has-border-light-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--border-light) !important;}.has-background-dark-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-dark) !important;}.has-background-medium-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-medium) !important;}.has-background-light-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-light) !important;}.has-background-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background-white) !important;}.has-button-primary-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--button-primary) !important;}.has-button-secondary-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--button-secondary) !important;}.has-green-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--green) !important;}.has-yellow-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--yellow) !important;}.has-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--red) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-grad-1-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--grad-1) !important;}.has-grad-2-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--grad-2) !important;}.has-grad-3-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--grad-3) !important;}.has-grad-4-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--grad-4) !important;}.has-grad-5-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--grad-5) !important;}.has-grad-6-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--grad-6) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}.has-xsmall-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--xsmall) !important;}.has-xlarge-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--xlarge) !important;}.has-2-xlarge-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--2-xlarge) !important;}.has-3-xlarge-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--3-xlarge) !important;}.has-4-xlarge-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--4-xlarge) !important;}.has-5-xlarge-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--5-xlarge) !important;}.has-albert-sans-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--albert-sans) !important;}.has-zilla-slab-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--zilla-slab) !important;}.has-inter-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--inter) !important;}.has-cardo-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--cardo) !important;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.css?ver=1732219981' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-ads-frontend-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/includes/../dist/frontend.css?ver=1732219981' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-block-styles-stylesheet-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/block_styles.css?ver=4.2.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-reader-auth-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.css?ver=5.5.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-memberships-block-patterns-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/memberships-gate-block-patterns.css?ver=5.5.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-popups-view-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.css?ver=1732219983' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='publisher_media_kit_shared-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/publisher-media-kit/dist/css/shared-style.css?ver=1.3.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='publisher_media_kit_frontend-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/publisher-media-kit/dist/css/style.css?ver=1.3.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='woocommerce-layout-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/css/woocommerce-layout.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='woocommerce-layout-inline-css' type='text/css'>.infinite-scroll .woocommerce-pagination{display: none;}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='woocommerce-smallscreen-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/css/woocommerce-smallscreen.css' type='text/css' media='only screen and (max-width: 768px)' /> <style id='woocommerce-inline-inline-css' type='text/css'>.woocommerce form .form-row .required{visibility: visible;}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-memberships-frontend-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-memberships/assets/css/frontend/wc-memberships-frontend.min.css?ver=1.26.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/style.css?ver=1.74.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='spacenews-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/spacenews/css/dist/style.css?ver=0.29.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-print-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/print.css?ver=0.29.2' type='text/css' media='print' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-font-import-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Zilla+Slab:ital@0;1&display=swap' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-font-alternative-import-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Albert+Sans:ital@0;1&display=swap' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-sponsors-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/styles/newspack-sponsors.css?ver=0.29.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script>var jquery_placeholder_url = 'https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/gravity-forms-placeholders-master/jquery.placeholder-1.0.1.js';</script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//apogee.spacenews.com/emit/9128.js?ver=1.0.0" id="broadstreet-analytics-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync='false' type="text/javascript" src="//elevate.spacenews.com/init-2.min.js?v=1.46.7&ver=6.6.2" id="broadstreet-init-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LfIGy0qAAAAAEUJEuvvj7UAtEGksHbkwTWruSIU" id="newspack-recaptcha-api-js" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/js/jquery-blockui/jquery.blockUI.min.js" id="jquery-blockui-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wc-add-to-cart-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_add_to_cart_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%","i18n_view_cart":"View cart","cart_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/cart\/","is_cart":"","cart_redirect_after_add":"yes"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/js/frontend/add-to-cart.min.js" id="wc-add-to-cart-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/js/js-cookie/js.cookie.min.js" id="js-cookie-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="woocommerce-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var woocommerce_params = {"ajax_url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","wc_ajax_url":"\/?wc-ajax=%%endpoint%%"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/js/frontend/woocommerce.min.js" id="woocommerce-js" defer="defer" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-B6YF8ZXGJE" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["spacenews.com"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "G-B6YF8ZXGJE"); /* ]]> */ </script> <!-- End Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/gravity-forms-placeholders-master/gf.placeholders.js?ver=1.0" id="_gf_placeholders-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://spacenews.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://spacenews.com/wp-json/wp/v2/users/11252" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://spacenews.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <meta name="generator" content="WooCommerce 9.3.3" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.138.0" /><meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://spacenews.com"><link rel="alternate" href="https://spacenews.com/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" /> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || {cmd: []}; googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); // Set page targeting. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("slug", ""); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("post_type", ""); googletag.enableServices(); } ); </script> <script type="text/javascript">!(function(o,_name){o[_name]=o[_name]||function $(){($.q=$.q||[]).push(arguments)},o[_name].v=o[_name].v||2;!(function(o,t,n,f,e,i){function c(f,e){(f=(function(t,n){try{if(n=(t=o.localStorage).getItem("_aQS02NTU3QThCRjJCMTU4RTUyRUMwNjYxRDgtMQ"))return JSON.parse(n).lgk||[];if((t.getItem("v4ac1eiZr0")||"").split(",")[4]>0)return[[_name+"-engaged","true"]]}catch(f){}})())&&typeof f.forEach===n&&(e=o[t].pubads())&&f.forEach((function(o){o&&o[0]&&e.setTargeting(o[0],o[1]||"")}))}(i=o[t]=o[t]||{}).cmd=i.cmd||[],typeof i.pubads===n?c():typeof i.cmd.unshift===n?i.cmd.unshift(c):i.cmd.push(c)})(window,"googletag","function");})(window,decodeURI('%61%64%6di%72al'));!(function(t,c,i){i=t.createElement(c),t=t.getElementsByTagName(c)[0],i.async=1,i.src="https://oldfashionedoffer.com/public/db84721baf4f37cfe452e232538d2f79a684.index.js",t.parentNode.insertBefore(i,t)})(document,"script");</script> <style>.stellar_dispatch-notice{background-color:;color:;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-colors">:root{--newspack-theme-color-primary: #0f151e;--newspack-theme-color-primary-variation: #000000;--newspack-theme-color-secondary: #efede6 !important;--newspack-theme-color-secondary-variation: #c7c5be;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-5: #0a1019;--newspack-theme-color-primary-darken-10: #050b14;}.more-link:hover,.nav1 .main-menu > li > a + svg,form.search-form button:active,form.search-form button:hover,form.search-form button:focus,.entry-footer a,.comment .comment-metadata > a:hover,.comment .comment-metadata .comment-edit-link:hover,.site-info a:hover,.comments-toggle:hover,.comments-toggle:focus,.logged-in.page-template-single-wide.woocommerce-account .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li a:hover,.logged-in.page-template-single-wide.woocommerce-account .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li a:hover:visited,.logged-in.page-template-single-feature.woocommerce-account .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li a:hover,.logged-in.page-template-single-feature.woocommerce-account .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li a:hover:visited{color: #0f151e;}.mobile-sidebar,.mobile-sidebar button:hover,.mobile-sidebar a,.mobile-sidebar a:visited,.mobile-sidebar .nav1 .sub-menu > li > a,.mobile-sidebar .nav1 ul.main-menu > li > a,.wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button,body.h-db.h-dh .site-header .nav3 .menu-highlight a,.comment .comment-author .post-author-badge,.woocommerce .onsale,.woocommerce-store-notice,.logged-in.page-template-single-wide.woocommerce-account .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li.is-active a,.logged-in.page-template-single-feature.woocommerce-account .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li.is-active a{color: white;}.mobile-sidebar nav + nav,.mobile-sidebar nav + .widget,.mobile-sidebar .widget + .widget{border-color: white;}@media only screen and (min-width: 782px){.h-db .featured-image-beside .entry-header,.h-db.h-sub.single-featured-image-beside .middle-header-contain{color: white;}}.wp-block-button:not(.is-style-outline) .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):not(:hover),.button,.button:visited,button,input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"],.wp-block-search__button{color: black;}input[type="checkbox"]::before{background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' width='24' height='24'%3E%3Cpath d='M16.7 7.1l-6.3 8.5-3.3-2.5-.9 1.2 4.5 3.4L17.9 8z' fill='black'%3E%3C/path%3E%3C/svg%3E");}.site-header .highlight-menu .menu-label,.entry-content a,.author-bio .author-link,.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link,.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline,.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):not(:hover){color:dimgray;}.site-footer{background: #0f151e;}.site-footer,.site-footer a,.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget-title,.site-footer .widgettitle,.site-info{color: white;}.site-footer a:hover,.site-footer .widget a:hover{opacity: 0.7;}.site-info .widget-area .wrapper,.site-info .site-info-contain:first-child{border-top-color: #00010a;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="newspack-theme-colors-variables">:root{--newspack-primary-color: #0f151e;--newspack-secondary-color: #efede6;--newspack-cta-color: #dd3333;--newspack-header-color: #3366ff;--newspack-primary-menu-color:;--newspack-footer-color: #0f151e;--newspack-primary-contrast-color: white;--newspack-secondary-contrast-color: black;--newspack-cta-contrast-color: white;--newspack-header-contrast-color: white;--newspack-primary-menu-contrast-color: white;--newspack-footer-contrast-color: white;}</style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-theme-fonts">:root{--newspack-theme-font-heading: "Zilla Slab","Georgia","serif";}:root{--newspack-theme-font-body: "Albert Sans";}.tags-links span:first-child,.cat-links,.page-title,.highlight-menu .menu-label{text-transform: uppercase;}</style> <style>.sponsor-label .flag,amp-script .sponsor-label .flag{background: #d1d1d1;color: black;}</style> <noscript><style>.woocommerce-product-gallery{opacity: 1 !important;}</style></noscript> <!-- Jetpack Open Graph Tags --> <meta property="og:type" content="profile" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="SpaceNews" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cropped-SN_forza_star.png?fit=512%2C512&ssl=1" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="512" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="512" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Jeff Foust" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Jeff Foust writes about space policy, commercial space, and related topics for SpaceNews. He earned a Ph.D. in planetary sciences from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a bachelor鈥檚 degree with honors in geophysics and planetary science from the California Institute of Technology." /> <meta property="profile:first_name" content="Jeff" /> <meta property="profile:last_name" content="Foust" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@SpaceNews_Inc" /> <!-- End Jetpack Open Graph Tags --> <style id='wp-fonts-local' type='text/css'>@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:300 900;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/fonts/Inter-VariableFont_slnt,wght.woff2') format('woff2');font-stretch:normal;}@font-face{font-family:Cardo;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce/assets/fonts/cardo_normal_400.woff2') format('woff2');}</style> <link rel="icon" href="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cropped-SN_forza_star-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cropped-SN_forza_star.png?fit=192%2C192&ssl=1" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cropped-SN_forza_star.png?fit=180%2C180&ssl=1" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/cropped-SN_forza_star.png?fit=270%2C270&ssl=1" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css">.wp-block-group.pattern-homepage-event-coverage .wp-block-image img{width: 50%!important;}.single-featured-image-behind .newspack_global_ad.global_below_header{margin-bottom: -1.5rem;margin-top: .25rem;}.newspack_global_ad.global_below_header{padding-top: 5px;}.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.bwp.beyondwords-player{margin-top: 0px;}.wp-block-group.pattern-homepage-event-coverage .wp-block-image img{width: 250px!important;}.entry-meta{font-family: 'Albert Sans';}.wp-block-pullquote,.wp-block.wp-block-pullquote{background: none;}.tribe-common.tribe-events.tribe-events-widget .tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-row{border-left: solid 1px #d9d9d9;border-right: solid 1px #d9d9d9;}.tribe-common.tribe-events.tribe-events-widget{margin: 0 0 0 1rem;}.tribe-common.tribe-events.tribe-events-widget .tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title a{font-size: .95rem;}.spacenews-sidebar .widget.widget_block{border-top: solid 0px #d9d9d9;border-top: solid 0px var(--color--border-medium);padding: 12px 0 0 12px;}.tribe-common.tribe-events.tribe-events-widget .tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title{padding: 10px 10px 10px 12px;}.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles.wpnbha.ts-4 article{padding: 0 16px 18px 0;}.wp-block-button.is-style-arrow .wp-element-button{text-align: center;font-size: 1.1rem;}.pattern-most-popular.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles.wpnbha.ts-2 article:nth-child(2n){border-right: none;border-right: none;padding-left: 16px;}.pattern-most-popular.wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles.wpnbha.ts-2>div{display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;border: solid 1px #d9d9d9;border-bottom: none;}.grecaptcha-badge{visibility: hidden;}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding: .25em 2.375em;}</style> </head> <body class="archive author author-jeff-foust author-11252 wp-custom-logo wp-embed-responsive theme-newspack-theme woocommerce-no-js tribe-no-js hfeed hide-homepage-title hide-site-tagline h-nsub h-db h-ll h-dh h-stk has-tertiary-menu has-sidebar af-widget has-summary feature-latest" data-amp-auto-lightbox-disable> <div class='newspack_global_ad global_above_header fixed-height'> <div class="newspack-broadstreet-ad" style='width: 1100px;'><broadstreet-zone zone-id="161588" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,not_article_page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias="out-of-page-welcomer"></broadstreet-zone></div> </div> <aside id="mobile-sidebar-fallback" class="mobile-sidebar"> <div class="mobile-sidebar-header"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"> <img class="custom-logo" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/spacenews/assets/svg/spacenews_logo.svg" alt="SpaceNews" /> </a> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> </div> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" toolbar-target="tertiary-nav-contain" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-ctas" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-507577" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-507577"><a href="https://spacenewsawards.com/">Icon Awards</a></li> <li id="menu-item-141105" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-141105"><a href="https://spacenews.com/newsletters/">Sign up for our newsletters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-139806" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-139806"><a href="https://spacenews.com/subscribe/">Subscribe to the Magazine</a></li> </ul> </nav> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://spacenews.com/"> <label for="search-form-1"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-1" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" toolbar-target="site-navigation" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-primary" class="main-menu"><li id="menu-item-147264" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147264"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/news-archive/">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-498044" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-498044"><a>More Categories</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState498044 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState498044 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState498044: !setState498044 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-498044"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState498044 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-442335" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-442335"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section-artificial-intelligence/">AI</a></li> <li id="menu-item-147266" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147266"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/civil1/">Civil</a></li> <li id="menu-item-147265" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147265"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/commercial-archive/">Commercial</a></li> <li id="menu-item-147267" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147267"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/launch-archive/">Launch</a></li> <li id="menu-item-147270" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147270"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/militaryspace-archive/">Military</a></li> <li id="menu-item-147269" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147269"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/opinion-archive/">Opinion</a></li> <li id="menu-item-147268" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147268"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/policy-politics-archive/">Policy & Politics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-147271" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147271"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/sponsored-content-archive/">Sponsored</a></li> <li id="menu-item-498250" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-498250"><a href="/stellar-dispatch/">Post a Press Release</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState498250 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState498250 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState498250: !setState498250 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-498250"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState498250 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-506054" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-506054"><a href="https://spacenews.com/spaceref/">Latest Press Releases</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-427017" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-427017"><a href="https://spacenews.com/video/">Video</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState427017 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState427017 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState427017: !setState427017 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-427017"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState427017 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-507221" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-507221"><a href="/commercial-space-transformers-video-series/">Commerical Space Transformers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-464021" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-464021"><a href="https://spacenews.com/newsmaker-forum/">Leading Women</a></li> <li id="menu-item-463727" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-463727"><a href="https://spacenews.com/webinars/">Webinars</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-147272" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-147272"><a href="/">More</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState147272 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState147272 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState147272: !setState147272 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-147272"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState147272 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-194097" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-194097"><a href="https://spacenews.com/first-up-audio/">SpaceNews First Up Audio</a></li> <li id="menu-item-214870" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-214870"><a href="https://spacenewsawards.com/">SpaceNews Icon Awards</a></li> <li id="menu-item-147363" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-147363"><a href="/events/">Events Calendar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-498469" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-498469"><a href="https://spacenews.com/event-calendar-submission/">Event Calendar Submission</a></li> <li id="menu-item-203204" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-203204"><a href="https://spacenews.com/about-us/">About SpaceNews</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-142084" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-142084"><a href="/media-kit-24/">Media Kit</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="social-navigation" aria-label="Social Links Menu" > <ul id="menu-social-links" class="social-links-menu"><li id="menu-item-133918" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-133918"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/SpaceNewsInc/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook Page</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-206215" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-206215"><a href="https://twitter.com/SpaceNews_Inc"><span class="screen-reader-text">X</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M22.23,5.924c-0.736,0.326-1.527,0.547-2.357,0.646c0.847-0.508,1.498-1.312,1.804-2.27 c-0.793,0.47-1.671,0.812-2.606,0.996C18.324,4.498,17.257,4,16.077,4c-2.266,0-4.103,1.837-4.103,4.103 c0,0.322,0.036,0.635,0.106,0.935C8.67,8.867,5.647,7.234,3.623,4.751C3.27,5.357,3.067,6.062,3.067,6.814 c0,1.424,0.724,2.679,1.825,3.415c-0.673-0.021-1.305-0.206-1.859-0.513c0,0.017,0,0.034,0,0.052c0,1.988,1.414,3.647,3.292,4.023 c-0.344,0.094-0.707,0.144-1.081,0.144c-0.264,0-0.521-0.026-0.772-0.074c0.522,1.63,2.038,2.816,3.833,2.85 c-1.404,1.1-3.174,1.756-5.096,1.756c-0.331,0-0.658-0.019-0.979-0.057c1.816,1.164,3.973,1.843,6.29,1.843 c7.547,0,11.675-6.252,11.675-11.675c0-0.178-0.004-0.355-0.012-0.531C20.985,7.47,21.68,6.747,22.23,5.924z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-141109" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-141109"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/spacenews/"><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-466237" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-466237"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/spacenewsinc/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-133920" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-133920"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/SpaceNewsInc"><span class="screen-reader-text">YouTube</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M21.8,8.001c0,0-0.195-1.378-0.795-1.985c-0.76-0.797-1.613-0.801-2.004-0.847c-2.799-0.202-6.997-0.202-6.997-0.202 h-0.009c0,0-4.198,0-6.997,0.202C4.608,5.216,3.756,5.22,2.995,6.016C2.395,6.623,2.2,8.001,2.2,8.001S2,9.62,2,11.238v1.517 c0,1.618,0.2,3.237,0.2,3.237s0.195,1.378,0.795,1.985c0.761,0.797,1.76,0.771,2.205,0.855c1.6,0.153,6.8,0.201,6.8,0.201 s4.203-0.006,7.001-0.209c0.391-0.047,1.243-0.051,2.004-0.847c0.6-0.607,0.795-1.985,0.795-1.985s0.2-1.618,0.2-3.237v-1.517 C22,9.62,21.8,8.001,21.8,8.001z M9.935,14.594l-0.001-5.62l5.404,2.82L9.935,14.594z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-140256" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-140256"><a href="https://spacenews.com/feed/"><span class="screen-reader-text">RSS Feed</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M2,8.667V12c5.515,0,10,4.485,10,10h3.333C15.333,14.637,9.363,8.667,2,8.667z M2,2v3.333 c9.19,0,16.667,7.477,16.667,16.667H22C22,10.955,13.045,2,2,2z M4.5,17C3.118,17,2,18.12,2,19.5S3.118,22,4.5,22S7,20.88,7,19.5 S5.882,17,4.5,17z"></path></svg></a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- .social-navigation --> </aside> <aside id="desktop-sidebar-fallback" class="desktop-sidebar dir-left"> <button class="desktop-menu-toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> Close </button> </aside> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#main">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header hide-header-search" [class]="searchVisible ? 'show-header-search site-header ' : 'hide-header-search site-header'"> <div class="middle-header-contain"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="site-branding"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"> <img class="custom-logo" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/spacenews/assets/svg/spacenews_35.svg" alt="SpaceNews" /> </a> <div class="site-identity"> <p class="site-description"> Covering the business and politics of space </p> </div><!-- .site-identity --> </div><!-- .site-branding --> <div class="nav-wrapper desktop-only"> <div id="tertiary-nav-contain"> <nav class="tertiary-menu nav3" aria-label="Tertiary Menu" toolbar-target="tertiary-nav-contain" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-ctas-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-507577"><a href="https://spacenewsawards.com/">Icon Awards</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-141105"><a href="https://spacenews.com/newsletters/">Sign up for our newsletters</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-139806"><a href="https://spacenews.com/subscribe/">Subscribe to the Magazine</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div><!-- #tertiary-nav-contain --> </div><!-- .nav-wrapper --> <button class="mobile-menu-toggle" on="tap:mobile-sidebar.toggle"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /><path d="M3 18h18v-2H3v2zm0-5h18v-2H3v2zm0-7v2h18V6H3z" /></svg> <span>Menu</span> </button> </div><!-- .wrapper --> </div><!-- .middle-header-contain --> <div class="bottom-header-contain desktop-only"> <div class="wrapper"> <div id="site-navigation"> <nav class="main-navigation nav1 dd-menu" aria-label="Top Menu" toolbar-target="site-navigation" toolbar="(min-width: 767px)"> <ul id="menu-primary-1" class="main-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147264"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/news-archive/">News</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-498044"><a>More Categories</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState498044 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState498044 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState498044: !setState498044 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-498044"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState498044 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-442335"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section-artificial-intelligence/">AI</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147266"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/civil1/">Civil</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147265"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/commercial-archive/">Commercial</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147267"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/launch-archive/">Launch</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147270"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/militaryspace-archive/">Military</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147269"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/opinion-archive/">Opinion</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147268"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/policy-politics-archive/">Policy & Politics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-147271"><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/sponsored-content-archive/">Sponsored</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-498250"><a href="/stellar-dispatch/">Post a Press Release</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState498250 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState498250 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState498250: !setState498250 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-498250"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState498250 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-506054"><a href="https://spacenews.com/spaceref/">Latest Press Releases</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-427017"><a href="https://spacenews.com/video/">Video</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState427017 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState427017 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState427017: !setState427017 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-427017"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState427017 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-507221"><a href="/commercial-space-transformers-video-series/">Commerical Space Transformers</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-464021"><a href="https://spacenews.com/newsmaker-forum/">Leading Women</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-463727"><a href="https://spacenews.com/webinars/">Webinars</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-147272"><a href="/">More</a><button aria-expanded="false" class="submenu-expand" [class]="setState147272 ? 'submenu-expand open-dropdown' : 'submenu-expand'" [aria-expanded]="setState147272 ? 'true' : 'false'" on="tap:AMP.setState( { setState147272: !setState147272 } )" aria-haspopup="true" data-toggle-parent-id="toggle-147272"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z"></path></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="setState147272 ? 'Close dropdown menu' : 'Open dropdown menu'">Open dropdown menu</span> </button> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-194097"><a href="https://spacenews.com/first-up-audio/">SpaceNews First Up Audio</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-214870"><a href="https://spacenewsawards.com/">SpaceNews Icon Awards</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-147363"><a href="/events/">Events Calendar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-498469"><a href="https://spacenews.com/event-calendar-submission/">Event Calendar Submission</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-203204"><a href="https://spacenews.com/about-us/">About SpaceNews</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-142084"><a href="/media-kit-24/">Media Kit</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="header-search-contain"> <button id="search-toggle" on="tap:AMP.setState( { searchVisible: !searchVisible } ), search-form-2.focus" aria-controls="search-menu" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text" [text]="searchVisible ? 'Close Search' : 'Open Search'"> Open Search </span> <span class="search-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> <span class="close-icon"><svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41L17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg></span> </button> <div id="header-search" [aria-expanded]="searchVisible ? 'true' : 'false'" aria-expanded="false"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://spacenews.com/"> <label for="search-form-2"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> </label> <input type="search" id="search-form-2" class="search-field" placeholder="Search …" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit"> <svg class="svg-icon" width="28" height="28" aria-hidden="true" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" /><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" /></svg> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Search </span> </button> </form> </div><!-- #header-search --> </div><!-- .header-search-contain --> </div><!-- .wrapper --> </div><!-- .bottom-header-contain --> <div class="sticky-bg"></div> </header><!-- #masthead --> <div class="site-breadcrumb desktop-only"><div class="wrapper"><span><span><a href="https://spacenews.com/">Home</a></span> <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page"><strong>Archives for Jeff Foust</strong></span></span></div></div> <div class='newspack_global_ad global_below_header fixed-height'> <div class="newspack-broadstreet-ad" style='flex: 1 1 100%; width: 100%; height: auto;'><broadstreet-zone zone-id="161573" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,not_article_page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias="SN_top_page_970x250"></broadstreet-zone></div> </div> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <section id="primary" class="content-area content-archive content-archive__author"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <header class="page-header"> <div> <img width="128" height="128" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?fit=128%2C128&ssl=1" class="avatar avatar-128 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?fit=128%2C128&ssl=1&w=370 370w" /> <span> <h1 class="page-title"><span class="page-description">Jeff Foust</span></h1> <div class="taxonomy-description"> <p>Jeff Foust writes about space policy, commercial space, and related topics for SpaceNews.</p> <p>He earned a Ph.D. in planetary sciences from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a bachelor鈥檚 degree with honors in geophysics and planetary science from the California Institute of Technology.</p> </div> <div class="author-meta"> <a class="author-meta__link author-meta__link--twitter" href="https://twitter.com/jeff_foust">@jeff_foust</a> </div><!-- .author-meta --> </span> </div> </header><!-- .page-header --> <div id="main-content" class="main-content"> <h2 class="author-list-header"> The latest from Jeff Foust </h2> <article id="post-509288" class="component-listing-card post-509288 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-commercial-archive category-launch-archive category-news-archive tag-blue-origin tag-new-shepard tag-suborbital entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/blue-origin-launches-ninth-crewed-new-shepard-suborbital-mission/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="NS-28 capsule descent" data-hero-candidate="1" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ns28-parachutes.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/launch-archive/" rel="category tag">Launch</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/blue-origin-launches-ninth-crewed-new-shepard-suborbital-mission/" rel="bookmark">Blue Origin launches ninth crewed New Shepard suborbital mission</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/blue-origin-launches-ninth-crewed-new-shepard-suborbital-mission/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-22T11:11:32-05:00">November 22, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-22T17:42:24-05:00">November 22, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509273" class="component-listing-card post-509273 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news-archive category-policy-politics-archive tag-donald-trump tag-esa tag-europe tag-germany tag-space-tech-expo-europe entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/europe-weighs-impact-of-trump-administration-on-space-cooperation/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="Space Tech Expo Europe policy panel" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-policy.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/news-archive/" rel="category tag">News</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/europe-weighs-impact-of-trump-administration-on-space-cooperation/" rel="bookmark">Europe weighs impact of Trump administration on space cooperation</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/europe-weighs-impact-of-trump-administration-on-space-cooperation/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-22T05:39:20-05:00">November 22, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-22T05:39:23-05:00">November 22, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509213" class="component-listing-card post-509213 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-commercial-archive category-news-archive tag-lunar-outpost tag-lunar-rover tag-lunar-terrain-vehicle-ltv tag-spacex tag-starship entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/lunar-outpost-selects-starship-to-deliver-rover-to-the-moon/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="Lunar Dawn new design" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?zoom=3&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/lunardawn-newdesign.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/commercial-archive/" rel="category tag">Commercial</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/lunar-outpost-selects-starship-to-deliver-rover-to-the-moon/" rel="bookmark">Lunar Outpost selects Starship to deliver rover to the moon</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/lunar-outpost-selects-starship-to-deliver-rover-to-the-moon/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-21T08:00:00-05:00">November 21, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-21T07:22:14-05:00">November 21, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509208" class="component-listing-card post-509208 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-civil1 category-commercial-archive category-news-archive tag-esa tag-investment tag-isar-aerospace tag-space-tech-expo-europe entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/european-space-companies-seek-more-competitive-government-contracts/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="Space Tech Expo Europe investment panel" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?w=2000&ssl=1 2000w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=300%2C225&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=1024%2C768&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=1536%2C1152&ssl=1 1536w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=1568%2C1176&ssl=1 1568w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=706%2C530&ssl=1 706w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/stee24-investmentpanel.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/commercial-archive/" rel="category tag">Commercial</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/european-space-companies-seek-more-competitive-government-contracts/" rel="bookmark">European space companies seek more competitive government contracts</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/european-space-companies-seek-more-competitive-government-contracts/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-21T05:42:37-05:00">November 21, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-21T05:42:40-05:00">November 21, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509191" class="component-listing-card post-509191 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-commercial-archive category-news-archive tag-inversion-space entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/inversion-space-raises-44-million/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?zoom=3&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Inversion-Ray-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/commercial-archive/" rel="category tag">Commercial</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/inversion-space-raises-44-million/" rel="bookmark">Inversion Space raises $44 million</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/inversion-space-raises-44-million/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-20T17:25:43-05:00">November 20, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-21T07:39:20-05:00">November 21, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509146" class="component-listing-card post-509146 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-commercial-archive category-launch-archive category-news-archive tag-atmos-space-cargo tag-latitude tag-space-tech-expo-europe entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/latitude-signs-multi-launch-contract-with-atmos-space-cargo/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="Zephyr" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/zephyr.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/commercial-archive/" rel="category tag">Commercial</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/latitude-signs-multi-launch-contract-with-atmos-space-cargo/" rel="bookmark">Latitude signs multi-launch contract with Atmos Space Cargo</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/latitude-signs-multi-launch-contract-with-atmos-space-cargo/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-20T05:28:00-05:00">November 20, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-20T05:28:03-05:00">November 20, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509137" class="component-listing-card post-509137 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-commercial-archive category-launch-archive category-news-archive tag-falcon-9 tag-rideshare tag-seops entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/seops-buys-falcon-9-launch-for-gto-rideshare-mission/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="Falcon 9 launch" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/f9-nov2024.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/commercial-archive/" rel="category tag">Commercial</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/seops-buys-falcon-9-launch-for-gto-rideshare-mission/" rel="bookmark">SEOPS buys Falcon 9 launch for GTO rideshare mission</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/seops-buys-falcon-9-launch-for-gto-rideshare-mission/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-20T03:17:44-05:00">November 20, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-20T03:17:46-05:00">November 20, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509130" class="component-listing-card post-509130 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-launch-archive category-news-archive tag-spacex tag-starship entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/spacex-launches-sixth-starship-but-aborts-booster-landing/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="Starship IFT-6 launch" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/starship-ift6-1.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/launch-archive/" rel="category tag">Launch</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/spacex-launches-sixth-starship-but-aborts-booster-landing/" rel="bookmark">SpaceX launches sixth Starship but aborts booster landing</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/spacex-launches-sixth-starship-but-aborts-booster-landing/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-19T18:44:44-05:00">November 19, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-22T17:49:59-05:00">November 22, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509065" class="component-listing-card post-509065 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-commercial-archive category-launch-archive category-news-archive tag-boost tag-esa tag-hyimpulse tag-isar-aerospace tag-orbex tag-rocket-factory-augsburg entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/esa-awards-funding-to-four-european-launch-startups/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="RFA ONE" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/rfaone.jpg?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/launch-archive/" rel="category tag">Launch</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/esa-awards-funding-to-four-european-launch-startups/" rel="bookmark">ESA awards funding to four European launch startups</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/esa-awards-funding-to-four-european-launch-startups/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-19T05:57:16-05:00">November 19, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-19T06:00:18-05:00">November 19, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <article id="post-509061" class="component-listing-card post-509061 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-news-archive category-policy-politics-archive tag-elon-musk tag-gwynne-shotwell tag-senate entry"> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <a class="post-thumbnail-inner" href="https://spacenews.com/senators-ask-pentagon-and-doj-to-investigate-putin-musk-calls/" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <img width="800" height="600" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1" class="attachment-newspack-archive-image size-newspack-archive-image wp-post-image" alt="Elon Musk at a 2022 event in Brazil centered around connectivity in the Amazon region. Credit: Brazilian Ministry of Communications, CC BY 2.0" loading="lazy" data-hero-candidate="" fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?resize=1200%2C900&ssl=1 1200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 800w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?resize=600%2C450&ssl=1 600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?resize=400%2C300&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?resize=200%2C150&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?zoom=2&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 1600w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?zoom=3&resize=800%2C600&ssl=1 2400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Elon-Musk.png?resize=800%2C600&ssl=1&w=370 370w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </figure> <div class="entry-container"> <span class="cat-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted in</span><a href="https://spacenews.com/section/policy-politics-archive/" rel="category tag">Policy & Politics</a></span> <header class="entry-header"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/senators-ask-pentagon-and-doj-to-investigate-putin-musk-calls/" rel="bookmark">Senators ask Pentagon and DOJ to investigate Putin-Musk calls</a></h2> </header><!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="author-avatar"><img width="80" height="80" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg" class="avatar avatar-80 photo wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=150%2C150&ssl=1 150w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=300%2C300&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?w=400&ssl=1 400w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1.jpg?resize=200%2C200&ssl=1 200w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/jeff_foust-1-150x150.jpg?w=370&ssl=1 370w" /></span> <span class="byline"> <span>by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/">Jeff Foust</a></span> </span><!-- .byline --> <span class="posted-on"><a href="https://spacenews.com/senators-ask-pentagon-and-doj-to-investigate-putin-musk-calls/" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-11-19T03:40:29-05:00">November 19, 2024</time><time class="updated" datetime="2024-11-19T03:40:31-05:00">November 19, 2024</time></a></span> </div><!-- .meta-info --> </div><!-- .entry-container --> </article><!-- #post-${ID} --> <nav class="navigation pagination" aria-label="Posts"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Posts navigation</h2> <div class="nav-links"><span aria-current="page" class="page-numbers current">1</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/page/2/">2</a> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/page/3/">3</a> <span class="page-numbers dots">…</span> <a class="page-numbers" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/page/564/">564</a> <a class="next page-numbers" href="https://spacenews.com/author/jeff-foust/page/2/"><span class="nav-next-text">Older posts</span> <svg class="svg-icon" width="22" height="22" aria-hidden="true" role="img" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M10 6L8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"></path></svg></a></div> </nav> </div> <aside id="secondary" class="widget-area spacenews-sidebar"> <div class='newspack_global_ad sidebar_sidebar-1 sidebar_sidebar-1-before hook-before fixed-height'> <div class="newspack-broadstreet-ad" style='flex: 1 1 100%; width: 100%; height: auto;'><broadstreet-zone zone-id="161570" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,not_article_page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias="SpaceNews_Top_Right"></broadstreet-zone></div> </div> <section id="block-13" class="widget widget_block"><div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"><div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:60%"><h4 class="wp-block-heading">Stellar Dispatch</h4></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"><p class="has-text-align-left has-small-font-size" style="padding-top:0.4rem;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><a href="/spaceref/">all dispatches </a>>></p></div></div></section><section id="block-28" class="widget widget_block"><div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"><div class="wp-block-column has-background-medium-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-column-is-layout-3 wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-homepage-articles is-style-borders wpnbha ts-1 is-style-borders has-text-align-left" style="" > <style id="newspack-blocks-inline-css" type="text/css">.wpnbha article .entry-title{font-size: 1.2em;}.wpnbha .entry-meta{display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;margin-top: 0.5em;}.wpnbha article .entry-meta{font-size: 0.8em;}.wpnbha article .avatar{height: 25px;width: 25px;}.wpnbha .post-thumbnail{margin: 0;margin-bottom: 0.25em;}.wpnbha .post-thumbnail img{height: auto;width: 100%;}.wpnbha .post-thumbnail figcaption{margin-bottom: 0.5em;}.wpnbha p{margin: 0.5em 0;}</style> <div data-posts data-current-post-id="509061"> <article data-post-id="509177" class="category-news-archive category-press-release type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/spacenews-appoints-mike-gruss-as-chief-content-and-strategy-officer-to-lead-transformative-growth/" rel="bookmark">SpaceNews Appoints Mike Gruss as Chief Content and Strategy Officer to Lead Transformative Growth</a></h2> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> <article data-post-id="508041" class="tag-eoi-space category-press-release type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/eoi-space-achieves-milestone-with-successful-testing-of-flight-propulsion-system/" rel="bookmark">EOI Space Achieves Milestone with Successful Testing of Flight Propulsion System</a></h2> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> <article data-post-id="507939" class="tag-antaris tag-seakr-engineering category-press-release type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/antaris-and-seakr-engineering-llc-collaborate-to-drive-speed-and-efficiency-in-satellite-development/" rel="bookmark">Antaris™ and SEAKR Engineering LLC Collaborate to Drive Speed and Efficiency in Satellite Development</a></h2> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> <article data-post-id="507549" class="tag-proteus-space tag-saic category-press-release type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/proteus-space-secures-major-investment-and-partnership-with-saic/" rel="bookmark">Proteus Space Secures Major Investment and Partnership with SAIC</a></h2> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> <article data-post-id="507357" class="tag-astroport-space-technologies tag-orbit-fab category-press-release type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/astroport-and-orbit-fab-join-forces-for-lunar-exploration-breakthrough/" rel="bookmark">Astroport and Orbit Fab Join Forces for Lunar Exploration Breakthrough</a></h2> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> <article data-post-id="507213" class="tag-craft-prospect category-press-release type-post post-has-image" > <div class="entry-wrapper"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://spacenews.com/glasgows-craft-prospect-selected-as-european-space-agencys-rising-star/" rel="bookmark">Glasgow鈥檚 Craft Prospect selected as European Space Agency鈥檚 Rising Star</a></h2> </div><!-- .entry-wrapper --> </article> </div> </div></div></div></section><section id="block-29" class="widget widget_block"><div style="height:12px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div></section><section id="block-30" class="widget widget_block"><div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"><div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:60%"><h4 class="wp-block-heading">Upcoming Events</h4></div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:33.33%"><p class="has-text-align-left has-small-font-size" style="padding-top:0.4rem;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)"><a href="/events/">all events</a> >></p></div></div></section><div class="tribe-compatibility-container" > <div class="tribe-common tribe-events tribe-events-view tribe-events-view--widget-events-list tribe-events-widget" data-js="tribe-events-view" data-view-rest-url="https://spacenews.com/wp-json/tribe/views/v2/html" data-view-manage-url="1" data-view-breakpoint-pointer="905fc8e5-e893-40bc-9bea-4d430f0ca001" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list"> <script data-js="tribe-events-view-data" type="application/json"> {"slug":"widget-events-list","prev_url":"","next_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/?post_type=tribe_events&eventDisplay=widget-events-list&paged=2","view_class":"Tribe\\Events\\Views\\V2\\Views\\Widgets\\Widget_List_View","view_slug":"widget-events-list","view_label":"View","view":null,"should_manage_url":true,"id":null,"alias-slugs":null,"title":"Jeff Foust, Author at SpaceNews","limit":"5","no_upcoming_events":true,"featured_events_only":false,"jsonld_enable":false,"tribe_is_list_widget":false,"admin_fields":{"title":{"label":"Title:","type":"text","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-title","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][title]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"limit":{"label":"Show:","type":"number","default":5,"min":1,"max":10,"step":1,"classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-limit","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][limit]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"metadata_section":{"type":"fieldset","classes":"tribe-common-form-control-checkbox-checkbox-group","label":"Display:","children":{"cost":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Price","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-cost","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][cost]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"venue":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Venue","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-venue","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][venue]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"street":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Street","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-street","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][street]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"city":{"type":"checkbox","label":"City","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-city","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][city]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"region":{"type":"checkbox","label":"State (US) Or Province (Int)","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-region","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][region]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"zip":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Postal Code","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-zip","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][zip]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"country":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Country","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-country","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][country]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"phone":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Phone","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-phone","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][phone]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"organizer":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Organizer","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-organizer","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][organizer]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"website":{"type":"checkbox","label":"Website","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-website","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][website]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null}},"dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-metadata_section","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][metadata_section]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"taxonomy_section":{"type":"section","classes":["calendar-widget-filters-container"],"label":"Filters:","children":{"filters":{"type":"taxonomy-filters","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-filters","label":"","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][filters]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null,"list_items":[]},"operand":{"type":"fieldset","classes":"tribe-common-form-control-checkbox-radio-group","label":"Operand:","selected":"OR","children":[{"type":"radio","label":"Match any","button_value":"OR","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-operand","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][operand]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},{"type":"radio","label":"Match all","button_value":"AND","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-operand","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][operand]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null}],"dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-operand","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][operand]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null}},"dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-taxonomy_section","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][taxonomy_section]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"taxonomy":{"type":"taxonomy","classes":"calendar-widget-add-filter","label":"Add a filter:","placeholder":"Select a Taxonomy Term","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-taxonomy","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][taxonomy]","options":[],"value":null},"no_upcoming_events":{"label":"Hide this widget if there are no upcoming events.","type":"checkbox","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-no_upcoming_events","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][no_upcoming_events]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"featured_events_only":{"label":"Limit to featured events only","type":"checkbox","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-featured_events_only","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][featured_events_only]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null},"jsonld_enable":{"label":"Generate JSON-LD data","type":"checkbox","classes":"","dependency":"","id":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list-5-jsonld_enable","name":"widget-tribe-widget-events-list[5][jsonld_enable]","options":[],"placeholder":"","value":null}},"venue":false,"country":false,"street":false,"city":false,"region":false,"zip":false,"phone":false,"cost":false,"organizer":false,"website":false,"operand":"OR","filters":false,"events":[10007802,10007801,10007797,10007792,10007803],"url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/?post_type=tribe_events&eventDisplay=widget-events-list","url_event_date":false,"bar":{"keyword":"","date":""},"today":"2024-11-22 00:00:00","now":"2024-11-22 18:02:12","rest_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/wp-json\/tribe\/views\/v2\/html","rest_method":"POST","rest_nonce":"","today_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/?post_type=tribe_events&eventDisplay=widget-events-list&author_name=jeff-foust","today_title":"Click to select today's date","today_label":"Today","prev_label":"","next_label":"","date_formats":{"compact":"Y-m-d","month_and_year_compact":"Y-m","month_and_year":"F Y","time_range_separator":" - ","date_time_separator":" @ "},"messages":[],"start_of_week":"1","header_title":"","header_title_element":"h1","content_title":"","breadcrumbs":[],"before_events":"<p><em>SpaceNews<\/em> provides this calendar as a free resource to our users.<\/p>\n<p>Event submissions are reviewed before posting, <strong>so they will not show until approved.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The calendar is not maintained on a daily basis and some events may have changed or are no longer happening. Please double-check the event websites for the most up-to-date information.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/event-calendar-submission\/\">Add your event<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","after_events":"\n<!--\nThis calendar is powered by The Events Calendar.\nhttp:\/\/evnt.is\/18wn\n-->\n","display_events_bar":false,"disable_event_search":false,"live_refresh":false,"ical":{"display_link":true,"link":{"url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/?post_type=tribe_events&eventDisplay=widget-events-list&ical=1","text":"Export Events","title":"Use this to share calendar data with Google Calendar, Apple iCal and other compatible apps"}},"container_classes":["tribe-common","tribe-events","tribe-events-view","tribe-events-view--widget-events-list","tribe-events-widget"],"container_data":[],"is_past":false,"breakpoints":{"xsmall":500,"medium":768,"full":960},"breakpoint_pointer":"905fc8e5-e893-40bc-9bea-4d430f0ca001","is_initial_load":true,"public_views":{"list":{"view_class":"Tribe\\Events\\Views\\V2\\Views\\List_View","view_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/events\/list\/","view_label":"List"},"month":{"view_class":"Tribe\\Events\\Views\\V2\\Views\\Month_View","view_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/events\/month\/","view_label":"Month"},"day":{"view_class":"Tribe\\Events\\Views\\V2\\Views\\Day_View","view_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/events\/today\/","view_label":"Day"},"summary":{"view_class":"Tribe\\Events\\Pro\\Views\\V2\\Views\\Summary_View","view_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/events\/summary\/","view_label":"Summary"},"week":{"view_class":"Tribe\\Events\\Pro\\Views\\V2\\Views\\Week_View","view_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/events\/week\/","view_label":"Week"},"map":{"view_class":"Tribe\\Events\\Pro\\Views\\V2\\Views\\Map_View","view_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/events\/map\/","view_label":"Map"}},"show_latest_past":false,"compatibility_classes":["tribe-compatibility-container"],"view_more_text":"View Calendar","view_more_title":"View more events.","view_more_link":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/events\/","widget_title":"Upcoming Events","hide_if_no_upcoming_events":true,"display":{"cost":false,"venue":false,"street":false,"city":false,"region":false,"zip":false,"country":false,"phone":false,"organizer":false,"website":false},"subscribe_links":{"gcal":{"block_slug":"hasGoogleCalendar","label":"Google Calendar","single_label":"Add to Google Calendar","visible":true},"ical":{"block_slug":"hasiCal","label":"iCalendar","single_label":"Add to iCalendar","visible":true},"outlook-365":{"block_slug":"hasOutlook365","label":"Outlook 365","single_label":"Outlook 365","visible":true},"outlook-live":{"block_slug":"hasOutlookLive","label":"Outlook Live","single_label":"Outlook Live","visible":true},"ics":{"label":"Export .ics file","single_label":"Export .ics file","visible":true,"block_slug":null},"outlook-ics":{"label":"Export Outlook .ics file","single_label":"Export Outlook .ics file","visible":true,"block_slug":null}},"display_recurring_toggle":false,"_context":{"slug":"widget-events-list"}}</script> <header class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__header"> <h2 class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__header-title tribe-common-h6 tribe-common-h--alt"> Upcoming Events </h2> </header> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__events"> <div class="tribe-common-g-row tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-row" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag tribe-common-g-col"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-datetime" datetime="2024-11-26"> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-month"> Nov </span> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-daynum tribe-common-h2 tribe-common-h4--min-medium"> 26 </span> </time> </div> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-wrapper tribe-common-g-col"> <article class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event post-10007802 tribe_events type-tribe_events status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry entry" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-details"> <header class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-header"> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime-wrapper tribe-common-b2 tribe-common-b3--min-medium"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime" datetime="2024-11-26"> <span class="tribe-event-date-start">1:30 pm</span> - <span class="tribe-event-time">5:00 pm</span> </time> </div> <h3 class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title tribe-common-h7"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/event/space-get-together-charleroi/" title="Space get together – Charleroi" rel="bookmark" class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title-link tribe-common-anchor-thin" > Space get together – Charleroi </a> </h3> </header> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="tribe-common-g-row tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-row" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag tribe-common-g-col"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-datetime" datetime="2024-11-27"> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-month"> Nov </span> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-daynum tribe-common-h2 tribe-common-h4--min-medium"> 27 </span> </time> </div> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-wrapper tribe-common-g-col"> <article class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event post-10007801 tribe_events type-tribe_events status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry entry" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-details"> <header class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-header"> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime-wrapper tribe-common-b2 tribe-common-b3--min-medium"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime" datetime="2024-11-27"> <span class="tribe-event-date-start">Wednesday, November 27 @ 8:00 am</span> - <span class="tribe-event-date-end">Thursday, November 28 @ 5:00 pm</span> </time> </div> <h3 class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title tribe-common-h7"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/event/2nd-earth-observation-commercialisation-forum/" title="2nd Earth Observation Commercialisation Forum" rel="bookmark" class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title-link tribe-common-anchor-thin" > 2nd Earth Observation Commercialisation Forum </a> </h3> </header> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="tribe-common-g-row tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-row" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag tribe-common-g-col"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-datetime" datetime="2024-12-04"> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-month"> Dec </span> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-daynum tribe-common-h2 tribe-common-h4--min-medium"> 4 </span> </time> </div> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-wrapper tribe-common-g-col"> <article class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event post-10007797 tribe_events type-tribe_events status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry entry" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-details"> <header class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-header"> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime-wrapper tribe-common-b2 tribe-common-b3--min-medium"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime" datetime="2024-12-04"> <span class="tribe-event-date-start">Wednesday, December 4 @ 8:00 am</span> - <span class="tribe-event-date-end">Thursday, December 5 @ 5:00 pm</span> </time> </div> <h3 class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title tribe-common-h7"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/event/11th-annual-space-resiliency-summit/" title="11th Annual Space Resiliency Summit" rel="bookmark" class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title-link tribe-common-anchor-thin" > 11th Annual Space Resiliency Summit </a> </h3> </header> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="tribe-common-g-row tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-row" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag tribe-common-g-col"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-datetime" datetime="2024-12-06"> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-month"> Dec </span> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-daynum tribe-common-h2 tribe-common-h4--min-medium"> 6 </span> </time> </div> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-wrapper tribe-common-g-col"> <article class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event post-10007792 tribe_events type-tribe_events status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry entry" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-details"> <header class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-header"> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime-wrapper tribe-common-b2 tribe-common-b3--min-medium"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime" datetime="2024-12-06"> <span class="tribe-event-date-start">11:30 am</span> - <span class="tribe-event-time">3:30 pm</span> </time> </div> <h3 class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title tribe-common-h7"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/event/7th-spacenews-icon-awards/" title="7th SpaceNews Icon Awards" rel="bookmark" class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title-link tribe-common-anchor-thin" > 7th SpaceNews Icon Awards </a> </h3> </header> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="tribe-common-g-row tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-row" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag tribe-common-g-col"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-datetime" datetime="2025-02-04"> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-month"> Feb </span> <span class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-daynum tribe-common-h2 tribe-common-h4--min-medium"> 4 </span> </time> </div> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-wrapper tribe-common-g-col"> <article class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event post-10007803 tribe_events type-tribe_events status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry entry" > <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-details"> <header class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-header"> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime-wrapper tribe-common-b2 tribe-common-b3--min-medium"> <time class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-datetime" datetime="2025-02-04"> <span class="tribe-event-date-start">Tuesday, February 4, 2025 @ 8:00 am</span> - <span class="tribe-event-date-end">Thursday, February 6, 2025 @ 5:00 pm</span> </time> </div> <h3 class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title tribe-common-h7"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/event/smallsat-symposium-2025/" title="SmallSat Symposium 2025" rel="bookmark" class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title-link tribe-common-anchor-thin" > SmallSat Symposium 2025 </a> </h3> </header> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__view-more tribe-common-b1 tribe-common-b2--min-medium"> <a href="https://spacenews.com/events/" class="tribe-events-widget-events-list__view-more-link tribe-common-anchor-thin" title="View more events." > View Calendar </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script class="tribe-events-breakpoints"> ( function () { var completed = false; function initBreakpoints() { if ( completed ) { // This was fired already and completed no need to attach to the event listener. document.removeEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', initBreakpoints ); return; } if ( 'undefined' === typeof window.tribe ) { return; } if ( 'undefined' === typeof window.tribe.events ) { return; } if ( 'undefined' === typeof window.tribe.events.views ) { return; } if ( 'undefined' === typeof window.tribe.events.views.breakpoints ) { return; } if ( 'function' !== typeof (window.tribe.events.views.breakpoints.setup) ) { return; } var container = document.querySelectorAll( '[data-view-breakpoint-pointer="905fc8e5-e893-40bc-9bea-4d430f0ca001"]' ); if ( ! container ) { return; } window.tribe.events.views.breakpoints.setup( container ); completed = true; // This was fired already and completed no need to attach to the event listener. document.removeEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', initBreakpoints ); } // Try to init the breakpoints right away. initBreakpoints(); document.addEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', initBreakpoints ); })(); </script> <script data-js='tribe-events-view-nonce-data' type='application/json'>{"_tec_view_rest_nonce_primary":"c909b03726","_tec_view_rest_nonce_secondary":""}</script><section id="block-21" class="widget widget_block"><div style="height:8px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div></section> <div class='newspack_global_ad sidebar_sidebar-1 sidebar_sidebar-1-after hook-after fixed-height'> <div class="newspack-broadstreet-ad" style='flex: 1 1 100%; width: 100%; height: auto;'><broadstreet-zone zone-id="161582" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,not_article_page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias="SpaceNews_Bottom_Right"></broadstreet-zone></div> </div> </aside><!-- #secondary --> </main><!-- #main --> </section><!-- #primary --> <script type="text/javascript"> // unfortunately we need it to update button label (new MutationObserver((mutationList, observer) => { for (const mutation of mutationList) { if (mutation.type === 'childList') { mutation?.addedNodes?.forEach((node) => { if (node.id === 'infinite-handle') { const button = node.querySelector('button') if ( button ) { button.innerText = 'Load more articles'; } observer.disconnect(); } }); } } })).observe(document.getElementById('main'), { childList: true }); </script> <div class="above-footer-widgets"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-7" class="above-footer widget widget_block"><div class="wp-block-group alignfull pattern-newsletter-subscribe is-sticky-boundary has-background is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="background-color:var(--color--background-medium)"><figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="464" height="52" src="/wp-content/themes/spacenews/assets/image/logo.png" alt="" class="wp-image-133922"/></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading has-text-align-center">Sign up for a SpaceNews newsletter</h3> <p class="has-text-align-center">Get top stories, military space news and more delivered to your inbox.</p> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"><div class="wp-block-button aligncenter is-style-primary"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://spacenews.com/newsletters/">Subscribe to newsletters</a></div></div></div></section> </div><!-- .wrapper --> </div><!-- .above-footer-widgets --> </div><!-- #content --> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer is-sticky-boundary"> <div class="footer-back-to-top"> <div class="wrapper"> <a href="#" class="footer-back-to-top__link" onclick="() => window.scrollTo({ top: 0, behavior: "smooth" })"> Back to top </a> </div> </div> <div class="footer-branding"> <div class="wrapper"> <a class="footer-logo-link" href="https://spacenews.com/" rel="home"> <img width="196" height="22" src="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/logo-footer.png?fit=196%2C22&ssl=1" class="footer-logo" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/logo-footer.png?w=196&ssl=1 196w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/logo-footer.png?fit=196%2C22&ssl=1&w=370 370w, https://i0.wp.com/spacenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/logo-footer.png?fit=196%2C22&ssl=1&w=400 400w" sizes="(max-width: 34.9rem) calc(100vw - 2rem), (max-width: 53rem) calc(8 * (100vw / 12)), (min-width: 53rem) calc(6 * (100vw / 12)), 100vw" /> </a> </div><!-- .wrapper --> </div><!-- .footer-branding --> <aside class="widget-area footer-widgets" role="complementary" aria-label="Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="nav_menu-2" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">About</h2><div class="menu-footer-about-container"><ul id="menu-footer-about" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-203205" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-203205"><a href="https://spacenews.com/about-us/">About SpaceNews</a></li> <li id="menu-item-140223" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-140223"><a href="https://spacenewsmediakit.com/">Advertise</a></li> </ul></div></section><section id="nav_menu-5" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">Subscribe</h2><div class="menu-footer-subscribe-container"><ul id="menu-footer-subscribe" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-141090" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-141090"><a href="https://spacenews.com/newsletters/">Sign up for Our Newsletters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-139653" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-139653"><a href="https://spacenews.com/subscribe/">Subscribe to the Magazine</a></li> <li id="menu-item-139654" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-139654"><a href="https://theygsgroup.com/interestform/">Get Magazine Reprints</a></li> </ul></div></section><section id="nav_menu-6" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">Events</h2><div class="menu-events-menu-container"><ul id="menu-events-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-147373" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-147373"><a href="https://spacenews.com/events/">View Events Calendar</a></li> </ul></div></section> <div class="social-navigation-wrapper"> <h2>Follow us on</h2> <nav class="social-navigation" aria-label="Social Links Menu"> <ul id="menu-social-links-1" class="social-links-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-133918"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/SpaceNewsInc/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Facebook Page</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-206215"><a href="https://twitter.com/SpaceNews_Inc"><span class="screen-reader-text">X</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M22.23,5.924c-0.736,0.326-1.527,0.547-2.357,0.646c0.847-0.508,1.498-1.312,1.804-2.27 c-0.793,0.47-1.671,0.812-2.606,0.996C18.324,4.498,17.257,4,16.077,4c-2.266,0-4.103,1.837-4.103,4.103 c0,0.322,0.036,0.635,0.106,0.935C8.67,8.867,5.647,7.234,3.623,4.751C3.27,5.357,3.067,6.062,3.067,6.814 c0,1.424,0.724,2.679,1.825,3.415c-0.673-0.021-1.305-0.206-1.859-0.513c0,0.017,0,0.034,0,0.052c0,1.988,1.414,3.647,3.292,4.023 c-0.344,0.094-0.707,0.144-1.081,0.144c-0.264,0-0.521-0.026-0.772-0.074c0.522,1.63,2.038,2.816,3.833,2.85 c-1.404,1.1-3.174,1.756-5.096,1.756c-0.331,0-0.658-0.019-0.979-0.057c1.816,1.164,3.973,1.843,6.29,1.843 c7.547,0,11.675-6.252,11.675-11.675c0-0.178-0.004-0.355-0.012-0.531C20.985,7.47,21.68,6.747,22.23,5.924z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-141109"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/spacenews/"><span class="screen-reader-text">LinkedIn</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M19.7,3H4.3C3.582,3,3,3.582,3,4.3v15.4C3,20.418,3.582,21,4.3,21h15.4c0.718,0,1.3-0.582,1.3-1.3V4.3 C21,3.582,20.418,3,19.7,3z M8.339,18.338H5.667v-8.59h2.672V18.338z M7.004,8.574c-0.857,0-1.549-0.694-1.549-1.548 c0-0.855,0.691-1.548,1.549-1.548c0.854,0,1.547,0.694,1.547,1.548C8.551,7.881,7.858,8.574,7.004,8.574z M18.339,18.338h-2.669 v-4.177c0-0.996-0.017-2.278-1.387-2.278c-1.389,0-1.601,1.086-1.601,2.206v4.249h-2.667v-8.59h2.559v1.174h0.037 c0.356-0.675,1.227-1.387,2.526-1.387c2.703,0,3.203,1.779,3.203,4.092V18.338z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-466237"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/spacenewsinc/"><span class="screen-reader-text">Instagram</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-133920"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/SpaceNewsInc"><span class="screen-reader-text">YouTube</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M21.8,8.001c0,0-0.195-1.378-0.795-1.985c-0.76-0.797-1.613-0.801-2.004-0.847c-2.799-0.202-6.997-0.202-6.997-0.202 h-0.009c0,0-4.198,0-6.997,0.202C4.608,5.216,3.756,5.22,2.995,6.016C2.395,6.623,2.2,8.001,2.2,8.001S2,9.62,2,11.238v1.517 c0,1.618,0.2,3.237,0.2,3.237s0.195,1.378,0.795,1.985c0.761,0.797,1.76,0.771,2.205,0.855c1.6,0.153,6.8,0.201,6.8,0.201 s4.203-0.006,7.001-0.209c0.391-0.047,1.243-0.051,2.004-0.847c0.6-0.607,0.795-1.985,0.795-1.985s0.2-1.618,0.2-3.237v-1.517 C22,9.62,21.8,8.001,21.8,8.001z M9.935,14.594l-0.001-5.62l5.404,2.82L9.935,14.594z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-140256"><a href="https://spacenews.com/feed/"><span class="screen-reader-text">RSS Feed</span><svg class="svg-icon" width="0" height="0" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M2,8.667V12c5.515,0,10,4.485,10,10h3.333C15.333,14.637,9.363,8.667,2,8.667z M2,2v3.333 c9.19,0,16.667,7.477,16.667,16.667H22C22,10.955,13.045,2,2,2z M4.5,17C3.118,17,2,18.12,2,19.5S3.118,22,4.5,22S7,20.88,7,19.5 S5.882,17,4.5,17z"></path></svg></a></li> </ul> </nav><!-- .social-navigation --> </div> </div><!-- .wrapper --> </aside><!-- .widget-area --> <div class="site-info"> <aside class="widget-area" role="complementary" aria-label="Below Footer"> <div class="wrapper"> <section id="block-39" class="widget widget_block"><div class="wp-block-newspack-blocks-wp-block-newspack-ads-blocks-ad-unit alignnone" style="text-align:inherit"> <div class='newspack_global_ad block_67410d749a542 fixed-height'> <div class="newspack-broadstreet-ad" style='flex: 1 1 100%; width: 100%; height: auto;'><broadstreet-zone zone-id="161586" keywords="not_home_page,not_landing_page,not_article_page" soft-keywords="true" zone-alias="out-of-page-interstitial"></broadstreet-zone></div> </div> </div></section><section id="block-38" class="widget widget_block"><script> (function(e,t,o,n,p,r,i){e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias=n;e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]||function(){(e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q||[]).push(arguments)};e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].l=(new Date).getTime();r=t.createElement("script");r.src=o;r.async=true;i=t.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];i.parentNode.insertBefore(r,i)})(window,document,"https://diffuser-cdn.app-us1.com/diffuser/diffuser.js","vgo"); vgo('setAccount', '613045116'); vgo('setTrackByDefault', true); vgo('process'); </script></section> </div><!-- .wrapper --> </aside><!-- .widget-area --> <div class="wrapper site-info-contain"> <span class="copyright">SpaceNews © 2024. All Rights Reserved.</span> <a class="privacy-policy-link" href="https://spacenews.com/privacy-policy-2/" rel="privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a><a class="terms-conditions-link" href="https://spacenews.com/spacenews-terms-conditions/" target="">Terms & Conditions</a> </div><!-- .wrapper --> </div><!-- .site-info --> </footer><!-- #colophon --> </div><!-- #page --> <script data-cfasync='false'>window.broadstreetKeywords = ['not_home_page','not_landing_page','not_article_page'] window.broadstreetTargets = {"pagetype":["archive","not_home_page"],"category":[],"url":"blue-origin-launches-ninth-crewed-new-shepard-suborbital-mission"}; window.broadstreet = window.broadstreet || { run: [] };window.broadstreet.run.push(function () { window.broadstreet.loadNetworkJS(9128, { domain: 'apogee.spacenews.com'}); });</script> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script> <!-- LiveConnectTag for advertisers --> <script type="text/javascript" src="//b-code.liadm.com/a-0962.min.js" async="true" charset="utf-8"></script> <!-- LiveConnectTag for advertisers --> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript'> (function () { var c = document.body.className; c = c.replace(/woocommerce-no-js/, 'woocommerce-js'); document.body.className = c; })(); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-variables-skeleton-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/variables-skeleton.min.css?ver=6.2.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-common-skeleton-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/common-skeleton.min.css?ver=6.2.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-widgets-v2-events-list-skeleton-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/widget-events-list-skeleton.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-variables-full-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/variables-full.min.css?ver=6.2.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-common-full-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/common-full.min.css?ver=6.2.0' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-widgets-v2-events-list-full-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/widget-events-list-full.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-virtual-widgets-v2-common-skeleton-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/widgets-events-common-skeleton.min.css?ver=1.15.8' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-virtual-widgets-v2-common-full-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/widgets-events-common-full.min.css?ver=1.15.8' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wc-blocks-style-css' href='https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/client/blocks/wc-blocks.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.css?ver=4.2.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-events-pro-archives-style-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/custom-tables-v1/archives.min.css?ver=7.2.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css' type='text/css'>.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-column-is-layout-3 > .alignfull{margin-right:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50) * -1);margin-left:calc(var(--wp--preset--spacing--50) * -1);}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;}</style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-pro-widgets-v2-events-list-skeleton-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/widget-events-list-skeleton.min.css?ver=7.2.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-pro-widgets-v2-events-list-full-css' href='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/widget-events-list-full.min.css?ver=7.2.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/p/woocommerce/9.3.3/assets/js/selectWoo/selectWoo.full.min.js" id="selectWoo-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wc-memberships-blocks-common-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wc_memberships_blocks_common = {"keywords":{"email":"Email","phone":"Phone","plan":"Plan","address":"Address","search_not_found":"We didn't find any members. Please try a different search or check for typos.","results_not_found":"No records found..."},"ajaxUrl":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","restUrl":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/wp-json\/","restNonce":"bc416909ee"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/woocommerce-memberships/assets/js/frontend/wc-memberships-blocks-common.min.js?ver=1.26.9" id="wc-memberships-blocks-common-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/react.min.js" id="react-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/react-dom.min.js" id="react-dom-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/react-jsx-runtime.min.js" id="react-jsx-runtime-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/url.min.js" id="wp-url-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/api-fetch.min.js" id="wp-api-fetch-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-fetch-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.createRootURLMiddleware( "https://spacenews.com/wp-json/" ) ); wp.apiFetch.nonceMiddleware = wp.apiFetch.createNonceMiddleware( "bc416909ee" ); wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.nonceMiddleware ); wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.mediaUploadMiddleware ); wp.apiFetch.nonceEndpoint = "https://spacenews.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=rest-nonce"; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/blob.min.js" id="wp-blob-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/autop.min.js" id="wp-autop-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/block-serialization-default-parser.min.js" id="wp-block-serialization-default-parser-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/deprecated.min.js" id="wp-deprecated-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/dom.min.js" id="wp-dom-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/escape-html.min.js" id="wp-escape-html-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/element.min.js" id="wp-element-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/is-shallow-equal.min.js" id="wp-is-shallow-equal-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/keycodes.min.js" id="wp-keycodes-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/priority-queue.min.js" id="wp-priority-queue-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/compose.min.js" id="wp-compose-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/private-apis.min.js" id="wp-private-apis-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/redux-routine.min.js" id="wp-redux-routine-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/data.min.js" id="wp-data-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-data-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ ( function() { var userId = 0; var storageKey = "WP_DATA_USER_" + userId; wp.data .use( wp.data.plugins.persistence, { storageKey: storageKey } ); } )(); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/html-entities.min.js" id="wp-html-entities-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/rich-text.min.js" id="wp-rich-text-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/shortcode.min.js" id="wp-shortcode-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/blocks.min.js" id="wp-blocks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/moment.min.js" id="moment-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="moment-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ moment.updateLocale( 'en_US', {"months":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthsShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"weekdays":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"weekdaysShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"week":{"dow":1},"longDateFormat":{"LT":"g:i a","LTS":null,"L":null,"LL":"F j, Y","LLL":"F j, Y g:i a","LLLL":null}} ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/date.min.js" id="wp-date-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-date-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.date.setSettings( {"l10n":{"locale":"en_US","months":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthsShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"weekdays":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"weekdaysShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"meridiem":{"am":"am","pm":"pm","AM":"AM","PM":"PM"},"relative":{"future":"%s from now","past":"%s ago","s":"a second","ss":"%d seconds","m":"a minute","mm":"%d minutes","h":"an hour","hh":"%d hours","d":"a day","dd":"%d days","M":"a month","MM":"%d months","y":"a year","yy":"%d years"},"startOfWeek":1},"formats":{"time":"g:i a","date":"F j, Y","datetime":"F j, Y g:i a","datetimeAbbreviated":"M j, Y g:i a"},"timezone":{"offset":-5,"offsetFormatted":"-5","string":"America\/New_York","abbr":"EST"}} ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/primitives.min.js" id="wp-primitives-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/warning.min.js" id="wp-warning-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/components.min.js" id="wp-components-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/keyboard-shortcuts.min.js" id="wp-keyboard-shortcuts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/commands.min.js" id="wp-commands-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/notices.min.js" id="wp-notices-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/preferences-persistence.min.js" id="wp-preferences-persistence-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/preferences.min.js" id="wp-preferences-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-preferences-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ ( function() { var serverData = false; var userId = "0"; var persistenceLayer = wp.preferencesPersistence.__unstableCreatePersistenceLayer( serverData, userId ); var preferencesStore = wp.preferences.store; wp.data.dispatch( preferencesStore ).setPersistenceLayer( persistenceLayer ); } ) (); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/style-engine.min.js" id="wp-style-engine-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/token-list.min.js" id="wp-token-list-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/wordcount.min.js" id="wp-wordcount-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/dist/block-editor.min.js" id="wp-block-editor-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/publisher-media-kit//dist/blocks/tabs-block.js?ver=ae40650db20af6e1a5dd" id="publisher-media-kit-tabs-block-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/publisher-media-kit//dist/blocks/tabs-item-block.js?ver=f30a6866fccb18fa5f0a" id="publisher-media-kit-tabs-item-block-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="site_tracking-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var php_data = {"ac_settings":{"tracking_actid":613045116,"site_tracking_default":1,"site_tracking":1},"user_email":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/activecampaign-subscription-forms/site_tracking.js?ver=6.6.2" id="site_tracking-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="disqus_count-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var countVars = {"disqusShortname":"spacenewsinc"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/disqus-comment-system/public/js/comment_count.js?ver=3.1.1" id="disqus_count-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-ads/dist/media-kit-frontend.js?ver=3.2.1" id="newspack-ads-media-kit-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-recaptcha-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspack_recaptcha_data = {"site_key":"6LfIGy0qAAAAAEUJEuvvj7UAtEGksHbkwTWruSIU","version":"v3","api_url":"https:\/\/www.google.com\/recaptcha\/api.js?render=6LfIGy0qAAAAAEUJEuvvj7UAtEGksHbkwTWruSIU"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/other-scripts/recaptcha.js?ver=5.5.1" id="newspack-recaptcha-js" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-reader-activation-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspack_ras_config = {"auth_intention_cookie":"np_auth_intention","cid_cookie":"newspack-cid","authenticated_email":"","otp_auth_action":"np_otp_auth","account_url":"https:\/\/spacenews.com\/my-account\/","captcha_site_key":"6LfIGy0qAAAAAEUJEuvvj7UAtEGksHbkwTWruSIU"}; var newspack_reader_data = {"store_prefix":"np_reader_1_","is_temporary":"","reader_activity":[]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-activation.js?ver=5.5.1" id="newspack-reader-activation-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-reader-auth-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspack_reader_auth_labels = {"invalid_email":"Please enter a valid email address.","invalid_password":"Please enter a password.","blocked_popup":"The popup has been blocked. Allow popups for the site and try again.","login_canceled":"Login canceled."}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-plugin/dist/reader-auth.js?ver=5.5.1" id="newspack-reader-auth-js" async data-amp-plus-allowed></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-popups-criteria-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspackPopupsCriteria = {"is_non_preview_user":"","config":{"articles_read":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read"},"articles_read_in_session":{"matchingFunction":"range","matchingAttribute":"articles_read_in_session"},"favorite_categories":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"favorite_categories"},"user_account":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"user_account"},"newsletter":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"newsletter"},"subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"not_subscribed_lists":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"newsletter_subscribed_lists"},"donation":{"matchingFunction":"default","matchingAttribute":"donation"},"active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"not_active_subscriptions":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"active_subscriptions"},"active_memberships":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"active_memberships"},"not_active_memberships":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"active_memberships"},"sources_to_match":{"matchingFunction":"list__in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"},"sources_to_exclude":{"matchingFunction":"list__not_in","matchingAttribute":"referrer"}}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/criteria.js?ver=1732219983" id="newspack-popups-criteria-js" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-popups-view-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspack_popups_view = {"debug":"","segments":{"4798":{"criteria":[{"criteria_id":"articles_read","value":{"min":"2","max":"4"}}],"priority":0}}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-popups/includes/../dist/view.js?ver=1732219983" id="newspack-popups-view-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/publisher-media-kit/dist/js/shared.js?ver=1.3.5" id="publisher_media_kit_shared-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/publisher-media-kit/dist/js/frontend.js?ver=1.3.5" id="publisher_media_kit_frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/spacenews/js/dist/main.js?ver=628b1072d38439753960" id="spacenews-main-js" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-amp-fallback-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/amp-fallback.js?ver=0.29.2" id="newspack-amp-fallback-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspackScreenReaderText = {"open_search":"Open Search","close_search":"Close Search","expand_comments":"Expand Comments","collapse_comments":"Collapse Comments","show_order_details":"Show details","hide_order_details":"Hide details","open_dropdown_menu":"Open dropdown menu","close_dropdown_menu":"Close dropdown menu","is_amp":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/menu-accessibility.js?ver=0.29.2" id="newspack-menu-accessibility-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="newspack-amp-fallback-sponsors-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var newspackScreenReaderTextSponsors = {"open_info":"Learn More","close_info":"Close"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/themes/newspack-theme/js/dist/amp-fallback-newspack-sponsors.js?ver=0.29.2" id="newspack-amp-fallback-sponsors-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202447.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"80681979\",\"post\":\"0\",\"tz\":\"-5\",\"srv\":\"spacenews.com\",\"j\":\"1:13.9.1\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "80681979", "0" ]); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/newspack-blocks/dist/homepage-articles/view.js?ver=592020a10b4ff0d8d3fd" id="newspack-blocks-homepage-articles-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/js/tribe-common.min.js?ver=6.2.0" id="tribe-common-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/js/utils/query-string.min.js?ver=6.2.0" id="tribe-query-string-js"></script> <script src='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/js/underscore-before.js'></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://c0.wp.com/c/6.6.2/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js" id="underscore-js"></script> <script src='https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/js/underscore-after.js'></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/js/views/manager.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="tribe-events-views-v2-manager-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://spacenews.com/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/js/views/breakpoints.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="tribe-events-views-v2-breakpoints-js"></script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-de31e878b1ccb3e4911","applicationID":"994422715","transactionName":"ZwEEYxFVWUdYUkxcX15LJ1QXXVhaFlBKVlhZEgM=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":3442,"atts":"S0YHFVlPSkk=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>