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href="#Academic_and_legal_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Academic and legal career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_and_legal_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Political career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2019_federal_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019_federal_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2019 federal election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019_federal_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Minister of Public Services and Procurement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Procurement_of_personal_protective_equipment_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Procurement_of_personal_protective_equipment_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Procurement of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Procurement_of_personal_protective_equipment_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Procurement_of_COVID-19_vaccines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Procurement_of_COVID-19_vaccines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Procurement of COVID-19 vaccines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Procurement_of_COVID-19_vaccines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021_federal_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021_federal_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>2021 federal election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021_federal_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_National_Defence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_National_Defence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Minister of National Defence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_National_Defence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Culture_change_and_inclusion_in_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_change_and_inclusion_in_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>Culture change and inclusion in the Canadian Armed Forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture_change_and_inclusion_in_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_in_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_in_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.2</span> <span>War in Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_in_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NORAD_and_continental_defence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NORAD_and_continental_defence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.3</span> <span>NORAD and continental defence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NORAD_and_continental_defence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indo-Pacific" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indo-Pacific"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.4</span> <span>Indo-Pacific</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indo-Pacific-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-President_of_the_Treasury_Board" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#President_of_the_Treasury_Board"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>President of the Treasury Board</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-President_of_the_Treasury_Board-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fiscal_prudence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiscal_prudence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.1</span> <span>Fiscal prudence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiscal_prudence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greening_Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greening_Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.2</span> <span>Greening Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greening_Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transforming_Canada's_Public_Service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transforming_Canada's_Public_Service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.3</span> <span>Transforming Canada's Public Service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transforming_Canada's_Public_Service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada-US_Regulatory_Cooperation_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada-US_Regulatory_Cooperation_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5.4</span> <span>Canada-US Regulatory Cooperation Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-US_Regulatory_Cooperation_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minister_of_Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minister_of_Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Minister of Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minister_of_Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li 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Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF_(%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="أنيتا أناند (سياسية) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنيتا أناند (سياسية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="অনিতা আনন্দ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="অনিতা আনন্দ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="অনিতা আনন্দ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অনিতা আনন্দ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anita Anand" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Anita Anand" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anita_Anand_(femme_politique)" title="Anita Anand (femme politique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Anita Anand (femme politique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Anita Anand" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6" title="ਅਨੀਤਾ ਆਨੰਦ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਨੀਤਾ ਆਨੰਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Ананд, Анита – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ананд, Анита" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anita Anand" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Anita Anand" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="அனிதா ஆனந்த் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அனிதா ஆனந்த்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Аніта Ананд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аніта Ананд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A6%AE%E5%A1%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%BE%B7" title="安妮塔·阿南德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安妮塔·阿南德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q67442310#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian politician and professor (born 1967)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the British journalist, see <a href="/wiki/Anita_Anand_(journalist)" title="Anita Anand (journalist)">Anita Anand (journalist)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Anita Anand</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">PC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">MP</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Secretary_of_Defense_hosts_world_leaders_during_UDCG_001_-_Anita_Anand_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Close-up photograph of a woman speaking into a microphone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/US_Secretary_of_Defense_hosts_world_leaders_during_UDCG_001_-_Anita_Anand_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-US_Secretary_of_Defense_hosts_world_leaders_during_UDCG_001_-_Anita_Anand_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/US_Secretary_of_Defense_hosts_world_leaders_during_UDCG_001_-_Anita_Anand_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-US_Secretary_of_Defense_hosts_world_leaders_during_UDCG_001_-_Anita_Anand_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/US_Secretary_of_Defense_hosts_world_leaders_during_UDCG_001_-_Anita_Anand_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-US_Secretary_of_Defense_hosts_world_leaders_during_UDCG_001_-_Anita_Anand_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="1935" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Anand in 2023</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Minister of Transport</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />September 19, 2024</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Rodriguez_(Canadian_politician)" title="Pablo Rodriguez (Canadian politician)">Pablo Rodriguez</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="President of the Treasury Board">President of the Treasury Board</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />July 26, 2023</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mona_Fortier" title="Mona Fortier">Mona Fortier</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Minister of National Defence</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />October 26, 2021 – July 26, 2023</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Harjit Sajjan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Bill Blair</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Receiver_General_for_Canada" title="Receiver General for Canada">Receiver General for Canada</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">Minister of Public Services and Procurement</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 20, 2019 – October 26, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carla_Qualtrough" title="Carla Qualtrough">Carla Qualtrough</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Filomena_Tassi" title="Filomena Tassi">Filomena Tassi</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Member of Parliament</a><br />for <a href="/wiki/Oakville_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oakville (federal electoral district)">Oakville</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />October 21, 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Oliver_(Ontario_politician)" title="John Oliver (Ontario politician)">John Oliver</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Indira Anita Anand<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><br />1967 (age 56–57)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kentville" title="Kentville">Kentville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Anand" title="Sonia Anand">Sonia Anand</a> (sister) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gita_Anand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gita Anand (page does not exist)">Gita Anand</a> (sister)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence(s)</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Oakville,_Ontario" title="Oakville, Ontario">Oakville, Ontario</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Wadham_College,_Oxford" title="Wadham College, Oxford">Wadham College, Oxford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Dalhousie_University" title="Dalhousie University">Dalhousie University</a> (<a href="/wiki/LLB" class="mw-redirect" title="LLB">LLB</a>)<br /> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Laws" title="Master of Laws">LLM</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Lawyer</li><li>politician</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Anita Indira Anand</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">PC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">MP</a></span></span> (born 1967) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has served as the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="President of the Treasury Board">president of the Treasury Board</a> since July 2023 and as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Minister of Transport</a> since September 2024. She has represented the riding of <a href="/wiki/Oakville_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oakville (federal electoral district)">Oakville</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a> since the <a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 federal election</a>, sitting as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party</a>. </p><p>From 2019 to 2021, she served as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">minister of public services and procurement</a>. She oversaw Canada's procurement of vaccines and <a href="/wiki/Personal_protective_equipment" title="Personal protective equipment">personal protective equipment</a> during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. From 2021 to 2023, while serving as minister of national defence, Anand led Canada's efforts to provide military aid to Ukraine during the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, sought to reform the culture in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a> following a series of sexual misconduct scandals, and made efforts to reform and strengthen Canada's military procurement of warships and airplanes, as well as re-establishing Canada's military status amid broad criticism. She is the first <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Canada" title="Hinduism in Canada">Hindu</a> woman to be elected as a member of Parliament and the first Hindu to become a cabinet minister in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-businessinsider.in_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businessinsider.in-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anita Indira Anand was born in <a href="/wiki/Kentville" title="Kentville">Kentville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a>. Her parents (both now deceased) were both <a href="/wiki/Indian_people" title="Indian people">Indian</a> physicians; her mother Saroj D. Ram was an anesthesiologist, and her father S.V. (Andy) Anand was a general surgeon. Her father was from <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> and her mother was from <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-businessinsider.in_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-businessinsider.in-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand has two sisters: Gita Anand, who is an employment lawyer in Toronto, and <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Anand" title="Sonia Anand">Sonia Anand</a>, who is a physician and researcher at <a href="/wiki/McMaster_University" title="McMaster University">McMaster University</a>. </p><p>Her parents were followers of <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a> and her father in fact met Mahatma Gandhi when his father, V.A. Sundaram, was working in India's independence movement. </p><p>In the early 1960s, Anand's mother and father were living in <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> when her father travelled to Nova Scotia to investigate the possibility of immigrating to Canada or the United States. Upon landing in <a href="/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax</a>, he rented a car, drove to the <a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Valley" title="Annapolis Valley">Annapolis Valley</a> and found the right place for his family. They settled in <a href="/wiki/Kentville" title="Kentville">Kentville</a>, a town of approximately 5,000 people, where Anand was born in 1967. Anand speaks very fondly of the family's life in Kentville. Even though they were one of a very few South Asian families in the province, they were welcomed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Anand relocated to <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> in 1985 to pursue her undergraduate degree at Queen's University in political studies. After winning the gold medal in Political Studies in 1989, she went to Wadham College, Oxford to read law. After completing her studies in Oxford, she returned to Nova Scotia, to obtain her Canadian law degree at Dalhousie University before articling in Toronto. She met her husband, John,<sup id="cite_ref-Government_of_Canada_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Government_of_Canada-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there. They married in 1995 and raised their family in Oakville for 21 years (1997-1999 and 2005 to present). The couple have four children.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand holds four degrees: a Bachelor of Arts (honours) in political studies from <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's University</a>; a Bachelor of Arts (honours) in jurisprudence from <a href="/wiki/Wadham_College,_Oxford" title="Wadham College, Oxford">Wadham College</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford University</a>; a bachelor of laws from <a href="/wiki/Dalhousie_University" title="Dalhousie University">Dalhousie University</a>; and a master of laws from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a>. She was called to the <a href="/wiki/Law_Society_of_Ontario" title="Law Society of Ontario">Ontario Bar</a> in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-Government_of_Canada_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Government_of_Canada-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand has held academic positions at <a href="/wiki/Yale" class="mw-redirect" title="Yale">Yale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's University</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario">Western University</a>. Before her election, Anand was a law professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Toronto_Star_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toronto_Star-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_and_legal_career">Academic and legal career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Academic and legal career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before her political career, Anand was a professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_Faculty_of_Law" title="University of Toronto Faculty of Law">University of Toronto Faculty of Law</a> specializing in <a href="/wiki/Corporate_governance" title="Corporate governance">corporate governance</a> and the regulation of <a href="/wiki/Capital_market" title="Capital market">capital markets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was previously the J.R. Kimber Chair in Investor Protection and Corporate Governance at the Faculty.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of October 2019, Anand is on leave from the University of Toronto Faculty of Law <sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the duration of her time as an elected official. </p><p>Anand began her legal career as an associate at Torys from 1994 to 1997 (with leave to pursue her master's degree), after articling at Torys from 1992 to 1993. She then pursued her teaching career by serving as assistant professor (adjunct) from 1997 to 1999 at the Faculty of Law of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Western_Ontario" title="University of Western Ontario">Western University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999, she became assistant professor in the Faculty of Law at Queen's University, obtaining tenure and advancing to the rank of associate professor in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She received a U.S.-Canada Fulbright award in 2005<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and attended <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a> as a visiting lecturer in law (fall 2005) while teaching comparative corporate governance. She was also visiting Olin scholar in law and economics at Yale Law School (2005-2006) and undertook empirical research on the implications of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on Canadian public companies. </p><p>Anand left Queen's University for the Faculty of Law, University of Toronto in 2006 where she was a full professor. She served as associate dean from 2007 to 2009. From 2010 to 2019, Anand also served as the academic director of the Centre for the Legal Profession, as well as for its Program on Ethics in Law and Business. At the time of her election, she was a senior fellow and member of the Board of Governors of Massey College. She was also cross-appointed to the Rotman School of Management as the director of policy and research at the Capital Markets Research Institute, and to the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Toronto.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 17, 2019, it was announced that Anand would receive the Yvan Allaire Medal from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Canada" title="Royal Society of Canada">Royal Society of Canada</a>. The medal is bestowed annually for an outstanding contribution in governance of private and public organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Royal Society stated that Anand's research "significantly altered global thinking about best practices for boards of directors, including the importance of diversity on boards".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019_federal_election">2019 federal election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2019 federal election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the lead up to the 2019 federal election, Anand decided to pursue the Liberal nomination for the riding of Oakville, Ontario, after the incumbent <a href="/wiki/John_Oliver_(Ontario_politician)" title="John Oliver (Ontario politician)">John Oliver</a> announced that he would not run in the 2019 election.<sup id="cite_ref-oakvillenews.org_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oakvillenews.org-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 12, 2019, Anita Anand won the Liberal nomination for the riding of Oakville, Ontario by a majority of votes on the first ballot. She defeated former <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Provincial_Parliament_(Canada)#Ontario" title="Member of Provincial Parliament (Canada)">member of Provincial Parliament</a> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Flynn_(politician)" title="Kevin Flynn (politician)">Kevin Flynn</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and lawyer Tamur Shah for the nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 21, 2019, Anand won the riding of Oakville with 30,265 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand was sworn in as the member of Parliament for <a href="/wiki/Oakville_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oakville (federal electoral district)">Oakville</a> on November 22, 2019, to represent Oakville in the House of Commons in the <a href="/wiki/43rd_Canadian_Parliament" title="43rd Canadian Parliament">43rd Canadian Parliament</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement">Minister of Public Services and Procurement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Minister of Public Services and Procurement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On November 20, 2019, Anand was sworn in as a member of the Privy Council and as the public services and <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">procurement minister</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Hall" title="Rideau Hall">Rideau Hall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Procurement_of_personal_protective_equipment_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic">Procurement of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Procurement of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">COVID-19 pandemic in Canada</a>, Anand and her department acted quickly to bulk buy personal protective equipment (PPE) and medical supplies for Canada's health care system. In order to ensure reliable access to PPE in a hyper-competitive market, Anand and her department adopted an aggressive procurement strategy and engaged a large number of suppliers to diversify Canada's supply chains.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through this strategy, the federal government also funded large-scale domestic production of medical supplies.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pandemic caused the federal government to rapidly increase its usual procurement tempo in order to purchase rapid tests, reagents, and swabs used for laboratory-based testing.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2021, Anand told the House of Commons Health Committee that <a href="/wiki/Public_Services_and_Procurement_Canada" title="Public Services and Procurement Canada">Public Services and Procurement Canada</a> had procured over 2.5 billion articles of personal protective equipment, "with a substantial amount of that equipment being made right here, at home."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Procurement_of_COVID-19_vaccines">Procurement of COVID-19 vaccines</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Procurement of COVID-19 vaccines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginning in the summer of 2020, the Canadian government signed contracts with the producers of seven leading COVID-19 vaccine candidates,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the producers of supplies needed to package and administer those vaccines.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand told <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> that "because we do not know which vaccine [...] is going to be successful, ultimately we must bet on multiple vaccines at the same time." Summing up her approach, she stated, "We are not putting all our eggs in one basket."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially, Canada's target was to receive enough vaccines to fully immunize all eligible Canadians by September 30, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand told <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> that she pressed "very, very aggressively for early deliveries from the suppliers."<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Negotiations for early delivery were successful, allowing Canada to meet and then surpass its immunization target two months ahead of schedule. By the end of July 2021, Canada had received a cumulative total of more than 66.4 million vaccines.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By August 2021, Canada had attained the highest vaccination rate in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand also worked to finalize Canada's agreements with vaccine producers regarding the procurement and delivery of COVID-19 vaccine doses for children. After <a href="/wiki/Health_Canada" title="Health Canada">Health Canada</a> approved the <a href="/wiki/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine">Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine</a> for use in pediatric populations under the age of 12 years on November 19, 2021, the first pediatric doses of the vaccine arrived in Canada two days later, on November 21, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021_federal_election">2021 federal election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2021 federal election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anand was re-elected to Parliament following the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_federal_election" title="2021 Canadian federal election">2021 Canadian federal election</a>. She defeated Conservative Kerry Colborne with 46 per cent of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_National_Defence">Minister of National Defence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Minister of National Defence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Culture_change_and_inclusion_in_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces">Culture change and inclusion in the Canadian Armed Forces</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Culture change and inclusion in the Canadian Armed Forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On October 26, 2021, Anand was sworn in as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Minister of National Defence</a> at <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Hall" title="Rideau Hall">Rideau Hall</a>. She is only the second woman in Canadian history to take on the role of national defence minister, after former prime minister <a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Kim Campbell</a> in the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand stated that her top priority is tackling sexual misconduct and building a durable culture change in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 4, 2021, Anand announced that she accepted in full an interim recommendation from former <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court of Canada</a> Justice <a href="/wiki/Louise_Arbour" title="Louise Arbour">Louise Arbour</a> that the investigation and prosecution of military sexual misconduct cases be referred to Canada's civilian justice system. In a statement to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>, retired Colonel and military lawyer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Drapeau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Drapeau (page does not exist)">Michel Drapeau</a> called the decision a "welcomed sign of leadership" and "a timely and powerful signal to the military justice system and victims that changes are coming."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 19, 2021, Anand gave her first major speech as Minister of National Defence as the keynote speaker at the <a href="/wiki/Halifax_International_Security_Forum" title="Halifax International Security Forum">Halifax International Security Forum</a>. Anand laid out her three main priorities: building a durable culture change in the Canadian Forces, better equipping Canada's military by raising military spending, and ensuring that Canada continues to support peace and stability around the world through its military deployments.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 25, 2021, General <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Eyre" title="Wayne Eyre">Wayne Eyre</a> was appointed as <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(Canada)" title="Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)">Chief of the Defence Staff</a> on Anand's recommendation.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:220428-D-XI929-1006_(52036592783).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/220428-D-XI929-1006_%2852036592783%29.jpg/220px-220428-D-XI929-1006_%2852036592783%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/220428-D-XI929-1006_%2852036592783%29.jpg/330px-220428-D-XI929-1006_%2852036592783%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/220428-D-XI929-1006_%2852036592783%29.jpg/440px-220428-D-XI929-1006_%2852036592783%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8256" data-file-height="5504" /></a><figcaption>Anand and General <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Eyre" title="Wayne Eyre">Wayne Eyre</a> in 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>On December 13, 2021, Anand offered an official apology on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a> to all those affected by sexual misconduct in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Department of National Defence (Canada)">Department of National Defence.</a> She was joined by <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Eyre" title="Wayne Eyre">General Wayne Eyre</a>, Chief of the Defence Staff, who apologized on behalf of the military, and <a href="/wiki/Deputy_minister_(Canada)" title="Deputy minister (Canada)">Deputy Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Jody_Thomas" title="Jody Thomas">Jody Thomas</a>, who apologized on behalf of the department.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 30, 2022, Anand was joined by <a href="/wiki/Louise_Arbour" title="Louise Arbour">Louise Arbour</a>, General Wayne Eyre, and Deputy Minister Bill Matthews to release the final report of the Independent External Comprehensive Review into Sexual Misconduct and Sexual Harassment in the Canadian Armed Forces and Department of National Defence. Anand accepted the report in its entirety and "welcomed" all 48 recommendations. She announced that work to implement 17 of them would begin immediately, and DND and the CAF will work to quickly analyze and provide the path forward for the remaining recommendations.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an interview, Anand later said, "“The efficacy of our armed forces, the ability for us to grow and continue to defend our country and engage in operations nationally and internationally, depends on us getting this right. And that is why it is so important to me personally as well as to our government.”<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 9, 2022, in <a href="/wiki/Truro,_Nova_Scotia" title="Truro, Nova Scotia">Truro</a>, Anand and Prime Minister Trudeau offered the Government of Canada's official apology to the members and descendants of <a href="/wiki/No._2_Construction_Battalion" title="No. 2 Construction Battalion">No. 2 Construction Battalion</a>, an all-Black battalion that faced anti-Black racism and discrimination during its service to Canada in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. “I am committed to eliminating systemic racism so that the discrimination faced by the No. 2 Construction Battalion, and those who followed, never happens again,” Anand said.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 16, 2022, Anand presented a report to Parliament detailing her official response to all 48 of <a href="/wiki/Louise_Arbour" title="Louise Arbour">Louise Arbour</a>'s 48 recommendations to respond to sexual misconduct and harassment in Canada's military and defence department, pursuant to Arbour's ask that Anand inform Parliament by the end of 2022 of any recommendations that the government would reject. Anand rejected none of the recommendations.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> “We need to attract Canadians to the Canadian Armed Forces. We need to address the reconstitution issue head-on and the way we do that, at least in part, is to evidence a sincere commitment to cultural change,” she said.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="War_in_Ukraine">War in Ukraine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: War in Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:220616-D-TT977-0103_(52150904024).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/220616-D-TT977-0103_%2852150904024%29.jpg/220px-220616-D-TT977-0103_%2852150904024%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/220616-D-TT977-0103_%2852150904024%29.jpg/330px-220616-D-TT977-0103_%2852150904024%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/220616-D-TT977-0103_%2852150904024%29.jpg/440px-220616-D-TT977-0103_%2852150904024%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7299" data-file-height="4866" /></a><figcaption>Anand stands with <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> Secretary General <a href="/wiki/Jens_Stoltenberg" title="Jens Stoltenberg">Jens Stoltenberg</a> and U.S. Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Austin" title="Lloyd Austin">Lloyd Austin</a> in Brussels, Belgium at a meeting of NATO Defence Ministers in June 2022</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:220428-D-XI929-1016_(52037062775).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/220428-D-XI929-1016_%2852037062775%29.jpg/220px-220428-D-XI929-1016_%2852037062775%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/220428-D-XI929-1016_%2852037062775%29.jpg/330px-220428-D-XI929-1016_%2852037062775%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/220428-D-XI929-1016_%2852037062775%29.jpg/440px-220428-D-XI929-1016_%2852037062775%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6048" data-file-height="4024" /></a><figcaption>Anand with U.S. Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Austin" title="Lloyd Austin">Lloyd Austin</a> in April 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>In late January 2022, Anand and Prime Minister Trudeau announced that Canada would extend its training mission in Ukraine, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Unifier" title="Operation Unifier">Operation Unifier</a>, by three years, and raise the ceiling of deployed personnel from 200 to 400.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In announcing the extension, Anand stated, "The biggest contribution that Canada can make to Ukraine right now is people. We have trained, our soldiers have trained over 30,000 Ukrainian soldiers. We should not underestimate the importance of this training mission."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A few days later, Anand visited <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> as a sign of Canadian solidarity, all while Russia significantly increased its military buildup around Ukraine. Anand stated that "Russia has a choice, and that choice is to negotiate with a view to de-escalation" or it will "face severe sanctions and consequences."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While in Ukraine, Anand met with Ukraine's Defence Minister <a href="/wiki/Oleksii_Reznikov" title="Oleksii Reznikov">Oleksii Reznikov</a> to discuss military aid to Ukraine, including in the area of cybersecurity.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after Anand's visit, in late February the Canadian government did authorize and deliver a $7.8 million package of lethal weapons to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Just days before the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Anand announced a significant expansion of Canada's contribution to <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> operations in Europe. Under the umbrella of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Reassurance" title="Operation Reassurance">Operation Reassurance</a> she announced the deployment of approximately 120 members of an artillery battery to join the Canadian-led <a href="/wiki/NATO_Enhanced_Forward_Presence" title="NATO Enhanced Forward Presence">NATO Enhanced Forward Presence</a> battle group in <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, and the deployment of an additional <a href="/wiki/Halifax-class_frigate" title="Halifax-class frigate">Halifax-class frigate</a> to NATO maritime forces.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 19, <a href="/wiki/HMCS_Halifax_(FFH_330)" title="HMCS Halifax (FFH 330)">HMCS Halifax (FFH 330)</a> left port and joined NATO maritime forces in the Baltic region.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the departure ceremony, Anand stated, "At this time it is so important for us all to be united, to stand together, to stand against unwarranted and illegal Russian aggression, and to stand up for peace, deterrence and the defensive posture on which NATO is built."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Russia's invasion, Anand announced several packages of additional military aid to Ukraine throughout February and March 2022, including Carl Gustaf anti-armour weapons, rockets, helmets, gas masks, and night-vision goggles.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further types of military aid announced by Anand included fragmentation vests and meal packs,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4,500 M72 rocket launchers and up to 7,500 hand grenades, and funding to enable Ukraine to purchase modern satellite imagery.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand also announced the procurement and donation to Ukraine of Canadian-made, specialized cameras for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bayraktar_TB-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayraktar TB-2 (page does not exist)">Bayraktar TB-2</a> drones.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 8, during a trip to <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, Anand and Prime Minister Trudeau announced the multi-year renewal of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Reassurance" title="Operation Reassurance">Operation Reassurance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 14, at <a href="/wiki/CFB_Trenton" title="CFB Trenton">Canadian Forces Base (CFB) Trenton</a>, Anand announced that the Canadian Armed Forces would deploy between 100 and 150 troops to Poland, to assist with Polish efforts to manage the flow of, and care for, Ukrainians fleeing the Russian invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late April 2022, Anand announced further military aid for Ukraine. On April 22, 2022, Anand confirmed that Canada had delivered <a href="/wiki/M777_howitzer" title="M777 howitzer">M777 howitzers</a> to Ukrainian Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a conference of the Ukraine Defense Consultative Group at <a href="/wiki/Ramstein_Air_Base" title="Ramstein Air Base">Ramstein Air Base</a>, Canada announced that it had signed a contract for eight armoured vehicles for Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just days later, Anand confirmed that the Canadian Armed Forces had begun to train Ukrainian forces in the use of the howitzers.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 28, 2022, Anand met with U.S. Defense Secretary <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Austin" title="Lloyd Austin">Lloyd Austin</a> during her first official visit to the United States. Anand and Austin told reporters that they had discussed further military aid to Ukraine and modernization of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Aerospace_Defense_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Aerospace Defense Command">North American Aerospace Defense Command</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 8, an additional $50 million in military assistance to Ukraine was announced, including 18 drone cameras, $15 million for high-resolution satellite imagery, additional ammunition and small arms.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On May 24, Anand announced at the Ukrainian Cultural Centre in <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a> that Canada had purchased more than 20,000 rounds of artillery ammunition for Ukraine, which are compatible with M777 artillery guns provided by Canada, at a cost of $98 million CAD. Anand stated that “Canadian aid continues to flow into Ukraine, and we are working around the clock to identify and provide even more military aid to Ukraine.”<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 15, at a meeting of the Ukraine Defense Contact Group in Brussels, Anand announced that Canada would donate $9 million worth of M777 howitzer replacement barrels to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the 2022 NATO Leaders Summit in <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Anand signed an agreement with <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>'s Defence Minister, <a href="/wiki/Artis_Pabriks" title="Artis Pabriks">Artis Pabriks</a>, to upgrade the Canadian-led <a href="/wiki/NATO_Enhanced_Forward_Presence" title="NATO Enhanced Forward Presence">NATO Enhanced Forward Presence</a> Battle Group in Latvia to a <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> size.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the summit, Canada also committed new military aid for Ukraine, specifically, six drone cameras and up to 39 armoured combat support vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Days later, Anand visited <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Land_Systems" title="General Dynamics Land Systems">General Dynamics Land Systems</a>' facility in <a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London, Ontario</a> to meet with workers who assemble the armoured combat support vehicles, and said in an interview, “GDLS armoured vehicles are top of the line and we want to provide vehicles that are readily usable, easily accessible and able to be repaired if damaged. Ukraine asked for these.”<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2022, at the 15th Conference of Defense Ministers of the Americas in <a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a>, Anand led an effort to convince other countries present to denounce the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. Anand told <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> that “Canada and I, as the representative here, felt that it's very important to voice this concern in a tangible way here at the conference... There is an impact of the Russian invasion on this region, a negative impact on economies here, on food security in our hemisphere.”<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canada's efforts were successful, with the conference's final declaration stating, "The conflicts present around the world, such as the invasion of Ukraine and the violent acts by armed groups that terrorize the population in Haiti are not legitimate means to settle disputes, therefore the Member States of the CDMA, seek peaceful solutions as soon as possible."<sup id="cite_ref-:6_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Declaration also included a disclaimer by Canada, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Haiti, Paraguay, the United States of America and Uruguay, reiterating these countries "condemnation in the strongest terms of the Russian Federation's illegal, invasion of Ukraine."<sup id="cite_ref-:6_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 4, 2022, Anand announced the deployment of up to 225 Canadian Armed Forces personnel to the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> to train new recruits to the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Armed Forces of Ukraine</a>, under <a href="/wiki/Operation_Unifier" title="Operation Unifier">Operation Unifier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand said, "Training missions like this, assisting our allies and our partners when they are under attack, is what we do... It is a priority for us as a country to stand shoulder to shoulder with Ukraine and with our allies."<sup id="cite_ref-:7_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> British defence minister <a href="/wiki/Ben_Wallace_(politician)" title="Ben Wallace (politician)">Ben Wallace</a> praised the announcement, stating, "Canada's expertise will provide a further boost to the program and ensure that the Ukrainian men and women coming to the U.K. to train to defend their country will get a wide pool of experience and skills from both U.K. forces and our international partners."<sup id="cite_ref-:7_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2022, Anand told the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a> that it would boost the capacity of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> hub in <a href="/wiki/Prestwick" title="Prestwick">Prestwick</a>, Scotland, by adding a third <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">C-130 Hercules</a> aircraft and boosting its presence to 55 personnel, thus enabling it to deliver additional military aid to Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Days after Russian missiles struck <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> and other civilian centres in Ukraine, Anand visited <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> on October 11, 2022, and met with her Polish counterpart <a href="/wiki/Mariusz_B%C5%82aszczak" title="Mariusz Błaszczak">Mariusz Błaszczak</a>. While in Warsaw, Anand announced the deployment of approximately forty <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a> combat engineers to Poland to train Ukrainian sappers under <a href="/wiki/Operation_Unifier" title="Operation Unifier">Operation Unifier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Referring to the Russian missile attacks on Ukrainian cities, Anand said the same day, "Canada wholeheartedly condemns those brutal strikes against civilian targets and infrastructure, adding, "those strikes constitute a war crime."<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The next day, at a meeting of the U.S.-led Ukraine Defense Contact Group in <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, Anand announced an additional $47 million CAD in military aid to Ukraine, including "artillery rounds, satellite communications, winter clothing and drone cameras, among other assistance."<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 14, 2022, Canada announced an additional $500 million in military aid for Ukraine, bringing its total commitment of military aid to over $1 billion CAD since February 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 16, 2022, Canada announced the extension of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Unifier" title="Operation Unifier">Operation Unifier</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> through the end of 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a meeting of the Ukraine Defense Contact Group later that day, Anand also announced that Canada would contribute $34 million in additional military aid to Ukraine, in the form of drone cameras, additional winter clothing, and satellite services.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Ukrainian officials' repeated asks to <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> countries for <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">air defence systems</a>, Anand announced on January 10, 2023 that Canada would donate a <a href="/wiki/NASAMS" title="NASAMS">NASAMS</a> air defence system to Ukraine at a cost of approximately $406 million. "In the face of Russia's brutal airstrikes on Ukraine, this air defence system will help to protect Ukrainian population centres and critical infrastructure against drone, missile, and aircraft attacks,” Anand said.<sup id="cite_ref-globalnews.ca_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalnews.ca-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Oleksii_Reznikov" title="Oleksii Reznikov">Oleksii Reznikov</a>, Ukraine's defence minister, said that the system will “considerably reinforce” Ukraine's defence capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-globalnews.ca_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-globalnews.ca-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand visited <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irpin" title="Irpin">Irpin</a> during a trip to Ukraine on January 18, 2023. There, she met with Ukrainian Defence Minister <a href="/wiki/Oleksii_Reznikov" title="Oleksii Reznikov">Oleksii Reznikov</a> and announced that Canada would donate 200 <a href="/wiki/Roshel_Senator" title="Roshel Senator">Roshel Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">armoured personnel carriers</a> manufactured in <a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a>, Ontario.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Referring to the Senator APCs, Anand said, "I have heard repeatedly that Ukrainian troops appreciate their maneuverability and their adaptability," while speaking to the press alongside Minister Reznikov.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This announcement marked the full allocation of the additional $500 million in military aid to Ukraine announced by Canada on November 14, 2022. </p><p>Anand announced on January 26, 2023 that Canada would donate four of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Army" title="Canadian Army">Canadian Army</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Leopard_2" title="Leopard 2">Leopard 2</a> main battle tanks to Ukraine, with the possibility of more to follow.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "These heavily armoured and highly protected vehicles provide soldiers with a tactical advantage on the battlefield, thanks to their excellent mobility, their firepower and there's their survivability," she said.<sup id="cite_ref-:18_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand added, "these tanks will allow Ukraine to liberate even more of its territory and defend its people from Russia's brutal invasion."<sup id="cite_ref-:18_75-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="NORAD_and_continental_defence">NORAD and continental defence</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: NORAD and continental defence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:220607-D-TT977-0528_(52130617831).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/220607-D-TT977-0528_%2852130617831%29.jpg/220px-220607-D-TT977-0528_%2852130617831%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/220607-D-TT977-0528_%2852130617831%29.jpg/330px-220607-D-TT977-0528_%2852130617831%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/220607-D-TT977-0528_%2852130617831%29.jpg/440px-220607-D-TT977-0528_%2852130617831%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7707" data-file-height="5138" /></a><figcaption>At <a href="/wiki/United_States_Northern_Command" title="United States Northern Command">United States Northern Command</a> headquarters, Anand, Canadian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>, U.S. Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Austin" title="Lloyd Austin">Lloyd Austin</a> and General <a href="/wiki/Glen_D._VanHerck" title="Glen D. VanHerck">Glen D. VanHerck</a> listen to the playing of the Canadian and American national anthems in 2022</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:221119-D-TT977-0149_(52510881988).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/221119-D-TT977-0149_%2852510881988%29.jpg/220px-221119-D-TT977-0149_%2852510881988%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/221119-D-TT977-0149_%2852510881988%29.jpg/330px-221119-D-TT977-0149_%2852510881988%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/221119-D-TT977-0149_%2852510881988%29.jpg/440px-221119-D-TT977-0149_%2852510881988%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Anand hosts U.S. Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Austin" title="Lloyd Austin">Lloyd Austin</a> at the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Halifax_International_Security_Forum" title="Halifax International Security Forum">Halifax International Security Forum</a>, in her home province of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Anand's 2021 mandate letter from Prime Minister Trudeau instructed her to "work with the United States to modernize the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Aerospace_Defence_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Aerospace Defence Command">North American Aerospace Defence Command</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 20, 2022, at <a href="/wiki/CFB_Trenton" title="CFB Trenton">CFB Trenton</a>, Anand announced a five-point NORAD modernization plan that is estimated to cost approximately $40 billion over twenty years.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand said that there was “pressing need” to respond to threats like hypersonic and cruise missiles, and declared that the plan would begin "NORAD's next chapter.”<sup id="cite_ref-:12_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand described the plan as “the most significant upgrade to NORAD from a Canadian perspective in almost four decades.”<sup id="cite_ref-:13_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand declared, “In close coordination with the United States, we will establish the backbone of a brand-new northern approaches surveillance system to enhance surveillance and early warning threats to our continent," adding that this new system will “essentially push our line of sight further north, ensuring we will be able to respond to fast moving threats like hypersonics.”<sup id="cite_ref-:13_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>U.S. Ambassador to Canada <a href="/wiki/David_L._Cohen" title="David L. Cohen">David Cohen</a> welcomed the funding, stating, “The United States looks forward to continuing to strengthen our collaboration with Canada on continental defence and security, including in the Arctic."<sup id="cite_ref-:13_78-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During a visit to <a href="/wiki/Labrador" title="Labrador">Labrador</a> on August 24, 2022, Anand confirmed that <a href="/wiki/CFB_Goose_Bay" title="CFB Goose Bay">CFB Goose Bay</a> would be one of four northern locations to receive basing upgrades under the $15.68 billion allocated for infrastructure upgrades in Canada's NORAD modernization plan.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On August 25, 2022, Trudeau, Anand, and other Canadian ministers welcomed <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> Secretary General <a href="/wiki/Jens_Stoltenberg" title="Jens Stoltenberg">Jens Stoltenberg</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Bay" title="Cambridge Bay">Cambridge Bay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut</a>, for the first-ever visit of a NATO Secretary General to the Canadian High Arctic.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 9, 2023, Anand announced that Canada had finalized the acquisition of 88 <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II</a> fighter jets for the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a>. In a statement, Anand said, “As the rules-based international order is challenged around the world, the F-35 will be essential for protecting Canadians, enhancing Arctic security and national sovereignty, and enabling Canada to meet its NATO, NORAD and other obligations well into the future."<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At a press conference, she added, "these projects will sharpen our military edge to keep Canadians safe and they will create economic opportunities for our country."<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Indo-Pacific">Indo-Pacific</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Indo-Pacific"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Days after the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Anand told the Ottawa Conference on Security and Defence that "Europe is not the only fault line in the global security environment at the current time."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She spoke about the need to be "cognizant of China's range of assertive activities in the Indo-Pacific region and around the world ... the patterns are there for all to see, frankly."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand described Chinese activity in the East and South China Seas as "coercive", also citing theft of intellectual property, "irresponsible and very concerning behaviour in cyberspace", and the <a href="/wiki/Detention_of_Michael_Spavor_and_Michael_Kovrig" title="Detention of Michael Spavor and Michael Kovrig">detention of Michael Spavor and Michael Kovrig</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_83-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> to attend the <a href="/wiki/Shangri-La_Dialogue" title="Shangri-La Dialogue">Shangri-La Dialogue</a> in June 2022, Anand addressed Chinese interceptions of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a> aircraft. She told <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>, "[T]he interceptions by the Chinese of our (aircraft) are very concerning and unprofessional and we need to ensure that the safety and security of our pilots is not at risk, especially when they are simply monitoring as required under UN-sanctioned missions."<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following a visit to <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> by <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the United States House of Representatives</a> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a>, Anand told <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a> in August 2022 that "it is routine for legislators from our countries to travel internationally, and China's escalatory response simply risks increasing tensions and destabilizing the region."<sup id="cite_ref-:11_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She called on China "not to unilaterally change the status quo by force in the region and to resolve cross-strait differences by peaceful means."<sup id="cite_ref-:11_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During her keynote address at the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Halifax_International_Security_Forum" title="Halifax International Security Forum">Halifax International Security Forum</a>, Anand foreshadowed the release of the Trudeau government's Indo-Pacific strategy. She stated that Canada would "increase [its] military presence and enhance [its] defence and security relationships with partners and allies in the [Indo-Pacific] region."<sup id="cite_ref-:15_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She added, "We will challenge China when we ought to. We will cooperate with China when we must."<sup id="cite_ref-:15_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 27, 2022, Anand announced the defence and security elements of Canada's Indo-Pacific Strategy. Anand said that the strategy will boost Canada's annual deployment of <a href="/wiki/Halifax-class_frigate" title="Halifax-class frigate">frigates</a> to the Indo-Pacific from two to three, and that it would bolster participation of Canadian aviators and soldiers in regional military exercises.<sup id="cite_ref-:17_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Strategy referred to China as an "increasingly disruptive global power."<sup id="cite_ref-:17_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President_of_the_Treasury_Board">President of the Treasury Board</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: President of the Treasury Board"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anand assumed the position of President of the Treasury Board following a cabinet shuffle initiated by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> amid a challenging political environment for the incumbent Liberal party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fiscal_prudence">Fiscal prudence</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Fiscal prudence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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class="mbox-text-span">This section's <b>use of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a> may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit">improve this article</a> by removing <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_mirror_or_a_repository_of_links,_images,_or_media_files" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">excessive</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">inappropriate</a> external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">footnote references</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As President of the Treasury Board, Anand has been working to fulfill the Budget 2023 goal of refocusing $15.4 billion over five years, and $4.5 billion annually thereafter, to priorities that matter to Canadians the most. In November 2023, Anand tabled <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/services/planned-government-spending/supplementary-estimates/supplementary-estimates-b-2023-24.html">Supplementary Estimates (B)</a>, providing the first update on the Refocusing Government Spending Initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-Canada_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Canada-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As committed in Budget 2023, $500 million in travel and professional services funding was refocused and removed from the 2023–24 budgets of 68 departments. </p><p>In February 2024, Anand tabled the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/services/planned-government-spending/government-expenditure-plan-main-estimates.html">Main Estimates</a> to provide details on how taxpayer funds will be allocated to fulfill government priorities as well as outline any proposed new government spending. As outlined in the Estimates, approximately $10.5 billion over the next 3 years from departmental budgets is being refocused towards top priorities for Canadians, like health care and housing. This is in addition to the refocusing of $500 million reported in the <i>Supplementary Estimates (B) 2023–24</i>, tabled in the fall. </p><p>Together with the second phase of the Refocusing Government Spending initiative, announced in the <i>2023 Fall Economic Statement</i>, these reallocations will refocus a total $15.8 billion over 5 years and $4.8 billion every year thereafter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://ottawacitizen.com/news/feds-to-reallocate-2-3-billion-in-spending-next-year">[2]</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Greening_Government">Greening Government</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Greening Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anand has also been working to advance the Greening Government Strategy, modernize and strengthen the Government of Canada's digital capabilities, strengthen management of taxpayer dollars, and promote diversity and inclusion within the public service.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October, 2024, Anand announced that the federal government would purchase at least $10million of carbon removal services in the race to reach net-zero government operations by 2050.<sup id="cite_ref-:19_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purchases in carbon removal services will be made through TBS’ Low-Carbon Fuel Procurement Program (LCFPP), an eight-year, $134.9 million initiative to reduce emissions from federal air and marine operations. This investment follows the Budget 2024 decision to expand the LCFPP to include the procurement of carbon dioxide removal services in addition to low-carbon intensity fuels.<sup id="cite_ref-:19_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transforming_Canada's_Public_Service"><span id="Transforming_Canada.27s_Public_Service"></span>Transforming Canada's Public Service</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Transforming Canada's Public Service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2023, Anand announced the creation of a restorative engagement programme in the public service to address systemic discrimination, and ensure the Government is working to be inclusive.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2024, Anand announced an action plan<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for Black public service employees. The implementation of the Action Plan will be led by an internal task force made up of primarily Black employees. The task force will engage through check-ins with employee networks, surveys, and discussions with Black public servants to further engage on the implementation of current and future initiatives under the Action Plan. In October, 2024, Anand joined 50 Black executives from 2 cohorts to celebrate the launch of a new stream of the Executive Leadership Development Program.<sup id="cite_ref-:20_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:20-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Designed to address the historic underrepresentation of Black executives in the federal public service, this new stream equips Black executives with the essential knowledge of leading within the federal public service while also integrating the lived experiences of its participants.<sup id="cite_ref-:20_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:20-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of Anand's priorities has been modernizing legacy IT systems and increasing cybersecurity across the federal government. Anand launched the GC Digital Talent Platform to allow employees with digital knowledge and skills to apply for jobs in the public service in January 2024, as part of her work to strengthen Canada's public service. In May 2024, Anand announced a Government-wide Cyber Security Strategy.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strategy outlines an approach to ensure that the Government can combat cyber threats and address vulnerabilities across the government's digital estate. That same month, Anand announced nationwide consultations with public and private experts on creating an AI strategy for the public service. Public consultations for this strategy were announced in September 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2024, Anand announced her intent to expand early pension eligibility for frontline safety and security workers across the federal government, or the "25 and out" pension.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These proposed changes would provide consistency to how the pension plan recognizes the demanding nature of the day-to-day duties for these occupational groups. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Canada-US_Regulatory_Cooperation_Council">Canada-US Regulatory Cooperation Council</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Canada-US Regulatory Cooperation Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As President of the Treasury Board, Anand is also working to reduce regulatory burdens for small businesses and entrepreneurs across the country. Anand has therefore met with <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_commerce" title="Chamber of commerce">Chambers of Commerce</a> from across the country to discuss supports for small businesses and regulatory modernization and delivered the opening keynote speech at the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Chamber_of_Commerce_in_Shanghai" title="Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai">Canadian Chamber of Commerce</a> AGM in <a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a>, October 2023. As part of this work, Anand announced public consultations to provide input on federal regulations to strengthen Canada's supply chains and build a resilient economy. Early in 2024, Anand announced her intention to re-ignate the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/government/system/laws/developing-improving-federal-regulations/regulatory-cooperation/canada-regulatory-cooperation-activities/canada-united-states-regulatory-cooperation-council.html">Canada-U.S. Regulatory Cooperation Council</a>, a bilateral forum between Canada and the United States that focuses on reducing regulatory barriers to ease trade, and save billions of dollars for cross border businesses. To conclude Anand's national tour visiting Chambers of Commerce and small businesses, in May 2024, Anand paid a visit to <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington</a>, DC to see her counterpart <a href="/wiki/Shalanda_Young" title="Shalanda Young">Shelanda Young</a>, Director of Office Management and Budget to discuss this important work. Both Minister Anand and Director Young released a joint statement declaring this is a top priority for both countries.<sup id="cite_ref-Canada_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Canada-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2024, Anand paid another visit to Washington where she and Director Young announced enhanced cooperation for the trucking sector in terms of regulations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minister_of_Transport">Minister of Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Minister of Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2024, the Prime Minister <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ottawacitizen.com/news/anita-anand-to-take-on-transport-canada-in-imminent-cabinet-shuffle">appointed Anita Anand to Minister of Transport,</a> in addition to her role as President of the Treasury Board. Anand is only the second woman to ever serve as Minister of Transport.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Less than 2 weeks into her new role, Minister Anand announced a US preclearence facility will be built at Billy Bishop Airport downtown Toronto.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This happened in partnership with US counterparts and was a welcomed announcement for the community. In October 2024, Anand also announced $45million in rail safety nationwide. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Anand is the daughter of Saroj Daulat Ram and Sundaram Vivek Anand, an anaesthetist and general surgeon.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The couple immigrated to <a href="/wiki/Kentville" title="Kentville">Kentville</a>, Nova Scotia, in the early 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand was born in 1967 and attended <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's University</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dalhousie_University" title="Dalhousie University">Dalhousie University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_99-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anand articled at Toronto law firm <a href="/wiki/Torys" title="Torys">Torys</a>, where she met her husband, John Knowlton.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_99-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand has been on the board of directors of the Lighthouse for Grieving Children, the Oakville Hospital Foundation and Oakville Hydro Electricity Distribution Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-oakvillenews.org_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oakvillenews.org-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was the inaugural chair of the Ontario Securities Commission Investor Advisory Panel.<sup id="cite_ref-Toronto_Star_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toronto_Star-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand was awarded the 2022 Global Citizen Award by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Association_in_Canada" title="United Nations Association in Canada">United Nations Association in Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The award recognizes "role models who have shown generosity, creativity, leadership and solution-seeking, and applied their talents to the challenges they have identified in their local communities, in the country and in the world."<sup id="cite_ref-:9_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anand was awarded the Gandhi Peace Award on October 11, 2023 by Winnipeg's Mahatma Gandhi Centre for her advocacy on behalf of victims of sexual abuse in the military during her tenure as Minister of National Defence.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_record">Electoral record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Electoral record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:758px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9"><a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_federal_election" title="2021 Canadian federal election">2021 Canadian federal election</a>: <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oakville_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oakville (federal electoral district)">Oakville</a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2 style=" bgcolor="">Party </th> <th width="250px">Candidate </th> <th width="48px">Votes</th> <th width="43px">%</th> <th width="52px"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span></th> <th width="90px">Expenditures </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #EA6D6A; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a></td> <td>Anita Anand</td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,137</td> <td style="text-align:right;">46.1</td> <td style="text-align:right;">-0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #6495ED; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a></td> <td>Kerry Colborne</td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,430</td> <td style="text-align:right;">40.0</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #F4A460; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic</a></td> <td>Jerome Adamo</td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,373</td> <td style="text-align:right;">8.8</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #6f5d9a; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Canada" title="People's Party of Canada">People's</a></td> <td>J.D. Meaney</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,970</td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.2</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+2.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #99C955; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Canada" title="Green Party of Canada">Green</a></td> <td>Oriana Knox</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,090</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.8</td> <td style="text-align:right;">-3.9 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Total valid votes </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">61,000</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">99.5</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Total rejected ballots </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">330</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">0.5</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Turnout </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">61,330</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">68.3</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Eligible voters </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">89,757</span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:white"> <td style="color:black;background:#EA6D6A; width:16px; border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;">-0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" style="border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Elections_Canada" title="Elections Canada">Elections Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:758px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float:left;"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2019_Canadian_federal_election/Oakville" title="Template:2019 Canadian federal election/Oakville"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2019_Canadian_federal_election/Oakville" title="Template talk:2019 Canadian federal election/Oakville"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2019_Canadian_federal_election/Oakville" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2019 Canadian federal election/Oakville"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><a href="/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 Canadian federal election</a>: <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oakville_(federal_electoral_district)" title="Oakville (federal electoral district)">Oakville</a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2 style=" bgcolor="">Party </th> <th width="250px">Candidate </th> <th width="48px">Votes</th> <th width="43px">%</th> <th width="52px"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span></th> <th width="90px">Expenditures </th></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #EA6D6A; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a></td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anita Anand</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">30,265</td> <td style="text-align:right;">46.28</td> <td style="text-align:right;">-3.11</td> <td style="text-align:right;">$88,029.39 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #6495ED; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Terence_Young_(politician)" title="Terence Young (politician)">Terence Young</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,561</td> <td style="text-align:right;">39.08</td> <td style="text-align:right;">-3.41</td> <td style="text-align:right;">$98,290.90 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #F4A460; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic</a></td> <td>Jerome Adamo</td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,928</td> <td style="text-align:right;">7.54</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+1.62</td> <td style="text-align:right;"><small><i>none listed</i></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #99C955; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Canada" title="Green Party of Canada">Green</a></td> <td>James Elwick</td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,704</td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.66</td> <td style="text-align:right;">+3.47</td> <td style="text-align:right;">$7,355.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #6f5d9a; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Canada" title="People's Party of Canada">People's</a></td> <td>JD Meaney</td> <td style="text-align:right;">798</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.22</td> <td style="text-align:right;"></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><small><i>none listed</i></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit; background-color: #CC6699; width: 16px;"> </td> <td style="width: 180px; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Heritage_Party_of_Canada" title="Christian Heritage Party of Canada">Christian Heritage</a></td> <td>Sushila Pereira</td> <td style="text-align:right;">145</td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.22</td> <td style="text-align:right;"></td> <td style="text-align:right;"><small><i>none listed</i></small> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Total valid votes/expense limit </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">65,401</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">99.26 </span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Total rejected ballots </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">487</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">0.74</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">+0.36</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Turnout </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">65,888</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">72.94</span></td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">-0.51</span> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:white;color:black;"> <td colspan="3" style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Eligible voters </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><span class="nowrap">90,334</span> </td></tr> <tr style="color:black;background-color:white"> <td style="color:black;background:#EA6D6A; width:16px; border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;border-top:border-top:1px solid darkgray;">+0.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" style="border-top:1px solid darkgray;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Elections_Canada" title="Elections Canada">Elections Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pm.gc.ca/sites/pm/files/media/documents/Canadian_Ministry_List_26_October_2021.pdf">"The Canadian Ministry (by order of precedence)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211026221305/https://pm.gc.ca/sites/pm/files/media/documents/Canadian_Ministry_List_26_October_2021.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Canadian+Ministry+%28by+order+of+precedence%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Fsites%2Fpm%2Ffiles%2Fmedia%2Fdocuments%2FCanadian_Ministry_List_26_October_2021.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-businessinsider.in-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-businessinsider.in_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-businessinsider.in_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/justin-trudeau-raised-eyebrows-when-he-shuffled-a-high-profile-minister-here-s-why-he/article_cc7bb2ec-2104-5b57-baa2-16f518978bbc.html">"Justin Trudeau raised eyebrows when he shuffled a high-profile minister"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. July 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Justin+Trudeau+raised+eyebrows+when+he+shuffled+a+high-profile+minister&rft.date=2023-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fpolitics%2Ffederal%2Fjustin-trudeau-raised-eyebrows-when-he-shuffled-a-high-profile-minister-here-s-why-he%2Farticle_cc7bb2ec-2104-5b57-baa2-16f518978bbc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/indians-abroad/anita-anand-first-hindu-to-be-appointed-cabinet-minister-in-canada/story-jvrrn8tVMoUZAu3pUyz7jL.html">"Anita Anand first Hindu to be appointed cabinet minister in Canada"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a></i>. November 21, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200303142856/https://www.hindustantimes.com/indians-abroad/anita-anand-first-hindu-to-be-appointed-cabinet-minister-in-canada/story-jvrrn8tVMoUZAu3pUyz7jL.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Anita+Anand+first+Hindu+to+be+appointed+cabinet+minister+in+Canada&rft.date=2019-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findians-abroad%2Fanita-anand-first-hindu-to-be-appointed-cabinet-minister-in-canada%2Fstory-jvrrn8tVMoUZAu3pUyz7jL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Government_of_Canada-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Government_of_Canada_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Government_of_Canada_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pm.gc.ca/en/cabinet/honourable-anita-anand">"The Honourable Anita Anand Minister of Public Services and Procurement"</a>. Government of Canada. November 20, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200103124059/https://pm.gc.ca/en/cabinet/honourable-anita-anand">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Honourable+Anita+Anand+Minister+of+Public+Services+and+Procurement&rft.pub=Government+of+Canada&rft.date=2019-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpm.gc.ca%2Fen%2Fcabinet%2Fhonourable-anita-anand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anitaanand.liberal.ca/">"Anita Anand"</a>. <i>Liberal Party of Canada</i>. November 25, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191104122656/https://anitaanand.liberal.ca/">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Liberal+Party+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Anita+Anand&rft.date=2019-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanitaanand.liberal.ca%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toronto_Star-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Toronto_Star_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Toronto_Star_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2020/01/03/newly-elected-mp-anita-anand-brings-a-wealth-of-experience-to-public-services-portfolio.html">"Newly elected MP Anita Anand brings a wealth of experience to public services portfolio"</a>. <i>Toronto Star</i>. January 3, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200103071532/https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2020/01/03/newly-elected-mp-anita-anand-brings-a-wealth-of-experience-to-public-services-portfolio.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Newly+elected+MP+Anita+Anand+brings+a+wealth+of+experience+to+public+services+portfolio&rft.date=2020-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fpolitics%2Ffederal%2F2020%2F01%2F03%2Fnewly-elected-mp-anita-anand-brings-a-wealth-of-experience-to-public-services-portfolio.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.utoronto.ca/faculty-staff/full-time-faculty/anita-anand">"Anita Anand | University of Toronto Faculty of Law"</a>. <i>www.law.utoronto.ca</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191001074707/https://www.law.utoronto.ca/faculty-staff/full-time-faculty/anita-anand">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Toronto+News&rft.atitle=Three+U+of+T+faculty%2C+PhD+student+honoured+with+Royal+Society+of+Canada+awards+of+excellence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utoronto.ca%2Fnews%2Fthree-u-t-faculty-phd-student-honoured-royal-society-canada-awards-excellence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rsc-src.ca/en/news/press-release-2019-medal-and-award-winners">"Press Release | 2019 Medal and Award Winners | The Royal Society of Canada"</a>. <i>rsc-src.ca</i>. 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January 3, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200103071532/https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2020/01/03/newly-elected-mp-anita-anand-brings-a-wealth-of-experience-to-public-services-portfolio.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Voting+Results&rft.pub=Elections+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elections.ca%2Fres%2Frep%2Foff%2Fovr2019app%2F51%2F11114e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnita+Anand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anita_Anand&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anitaanandmp.com">Office site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210306084436/https://www.anitaanandmp.com/">Archived</a> March 6, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pm.gc.ca/en/cabinet/honourable-anita-anand">Bio from Prime Minister's Site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=20135">Anita Anand – Parliament of Canada biography</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border-top: 5px solid #EA6D6A" colspan="3"><b><a href="/wiki/29th_Canadian_Ministry" title="29th Canadian Ministry">29th Ministry</a> – Cabinet of <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <th colspan="3">Cabinet posts (3) </th></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <th scope="col" style="width:110px;text-align:center;">Predecessor </th> <th scope="col" style="width:290px;text-align:center;">Office </th> <th scope="col" style="width:110px;text-align:center;">Successor </th></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Carla_Qualtrough" title="Carla Qualtrough">Carla Qualtrough</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">Minister of Public Services and Procurement</a></b><br />November 20, 2019 – October 26, 2021 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Filomena_Tassi" title="Filomena Tassi">Filomena Tassi</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Harjit Sajjan</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Minister of National Defence</a></b><br />October 26, 2021 – July 26, 2023 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Bill Blair</a></b> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint"> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Mona_Fortier" title="Mona Fortier">Mona Fortier</a></b> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="President of the Treasury Board">President of the Treasury Board</a></b><br />July 26, 2023 – present </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><b><span class="nowrap"> </span></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_Prime_Minister_Justin_Trudeau_(2015–present)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Justin_Trudeau_Ministry" title="Template:Justin Trudeau Ministry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Justin_Trudeau_Ministry" title="Template talk:Justin Trudeau Ministry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Justin_Trudeau_Ministry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Justin Trudeau Ministry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_Prime_Minister_Justin_Trudeau_(2015–present)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/29th_Canadian_Ministry" title="29th Canadian Ministry">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> (<a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Justin_Trudeau" title="Premiership of Justin Trudeau">2015–present</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current ministers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></b></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anita Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Anandasangaree" title="Gary Anandasangaree">Gary Anandasangaree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Beech" title="Terry Beech">Terry Beech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Claude_Bibeau" title="Marie-Claude Bibeau">Marie-Claude Bibeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Bill Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Philippe_Champagne" title="François-Philippe Champagne">François-Philippe Champagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Jean-Yves Duclos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Fraser_(politician)" title="Sean Fraser (politician)">Sean Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karina_Gould" title="Karina Gould">Karina Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Guilbeault" title="Steven Guilbeault">Steven Guilbeault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patty_Hajdu" title="Patty Hajdu">Patty Hajdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Holland" title="Mark Holland">Mark Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Hussen" title="Ahmed Hussen">Ahmed Hussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudie_Hutchings" title="Gudie Hutchings">Gudie Hutchings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marci_Ien" title="Marci Ien">Marci Ien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lanie_Joly" title="Mélanie Joly">Mélanie Joly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Khera" title="Kamal Khera">Kamal Khera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominic_LeBlanc" title="Dominic LeBlanc">Dominic LeBlanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Lebouthillier" title="Diane Lebouthillier">Diane Lebouthillier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_MacAulay" title="Lawrence MacAulay">Lawrence MacAulay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_MacKinnon" title="Steven MacKinnon">Steven MacKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soraya_Martinez_Ferrada" title="Soraya Martinez Ferrada">Soraya Martinez Ferrada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Miller_(politician)" title="Marc Miller (politician)">Marc Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ng" title="Mary Ng">Mary Ng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Harjit Sajjan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginette_Petitpas_Taylor" title="Ginette Petitpas Taylor">Ginette Petitpas Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Qualtrough" title="Carla Qualtrough">Carla Qualtrough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27ara_Saks" title="Ya'ara Saks">Ya'ara Saks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascale_St-Onge" title="Pascale St-Onge">Pascale St-Onge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenna_Sudds" title="Jenna Sudds">Jenna Sudds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filomena_Tassi" title="Filomena Tassi">Filomena Tassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rechie_Valdez" title="Rechie Valdez">Rechie Valdez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Vandal" title="Dan Vandal">Dan Vandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arif_Virani" title="Arif Virani">Arif Virani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Wilkinson" title="Jonathan Wilkinson">Jonathan Wilkinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former ministers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Alghabra" title="Omar Alghabra">Omar Alghabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navdeep_Bains" title="Navdeep Bains">Navdeep Bains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Bennett" title="Carolyn Bennett">Carolyn Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Boissonnault" title="Randy Boissonnault">Randy Boissonnault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Brison" title="Scott Brison">Scott Brison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Carr" title="Jim Carr">Jim Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardish_Chagger" title="Bardish Chagger">Bardish Chagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Dion" title="Stéphane Dion">Stéphane Dion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsty_Duncan" title="Kirsty Duncan">Kirsty Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Foote" title="Judy Foote">Judy Foote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Fortier" title="Mona Fortier">Mona Fortier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Garneau" title="Marc Garneau">Marc Garneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Goodale" title="Ralph Goodale">Ralph Goodale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Hehr" title="Kent Hehr">Kent Hehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Jaczek" title="Helena Jaczek">Helena Jaczek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Jordan" title="Bernadette Jordan">Bernadette Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lametti" title="David Lametti">David Lametti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCallum" title="John McCallum">John McCallum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_McKenna" title="Catherine McKenna">Catherine McKenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Mendicino" title="Marco Mendicino">Marco Mendicino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MaryAnn_Mihychuk" title="MaryAnn Mihychuk">MaryAnn Mihychuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam_Monsef" title="Maryam Monsef">Maryam Monsef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Morneau" title="Bill Morneau">Bill Morneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Murray" title="Joyce Murray">Joyce Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_O%27Regan" title="Seamus O'Regan">Seamus O'Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Philpott" title="Jane Philpott">Jane Philpott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Rodriguez_(Canadian_politician)" title="Pablo Rodriguez (Canadian politician)">Pablo Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deb_Schulte" title="Deb Schulte">Deb Schulte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarjeet_Sohi" title="Amarjeet Sohi">Amarjeet Sohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Tootoo" title="Hunter Tootoo">Hunter Tootoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Wilson-Raybould" title="Jody Wilson-Raybould">Jody Wilson-Raybould</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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Canada">House of Commons of Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Presiding Officer (<a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(Canada)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (Canada)">Speaker</a>): <a href="/wiki/Greg_Fergus" title="Greg Fergus">Greg Fergus</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#EA6D6A;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Liberal_Party_of_Canada_MPs" title="Template:Liberal Party of Canada MPs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Liberal_Party_of_Canada_MPs" title="Template talk:Liberal Party of Canada MPs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Liberal_Party_of_Canada_MPs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Liberal Party of Canada MPs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Liberal_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Trudeau</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Alghabra" title="Omar Alghabra">Alghabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shafqat_Ali" title="Shafqat Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anand</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gary_Anandasangaree" title="Gary Anandasangaree">Anandasangaree</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Arseneault" title="René Arseneault">Arseneault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Arya" title="Chandra Arya">Arya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenica_Atwin" title="Jenica Atwin">Atwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_Badawey" title="Vance Badawey">Badawey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parm_Bains" title="Parm Bains">Bains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvan_Baker" title="Yvan Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Battiste" title="Jaime Battiste">Battiste</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Terry_Beech" title="Terry Beech">Beech</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bendayan" title="Rachel Bendayan">Bendayan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Marie-Claude_Bibeau" title="Marie-Claude Bibeau">Bibeau</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Bittle" title="Chris Bittle">Bittle</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Blair</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kody_Blois" title="Kody Blois">Blois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Boissonnault" title="Randy Boissonnault">Boissonnault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Bradford" title="Valerie Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lisabeth_Bri%C3%A8re" title="Élisabeth Brière">Brière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Carr_(politician)" title="Ben Carr (politician)">Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Casey_(Canadian_politician)" title="Sean Casey (Canadian politician)">Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bardish_Chagger" title="Bardish Chagger">Chagger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Chahal" title="George Chahal">Chahal</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Philippe_Champagne" title="François-Philippe Champagne">Champagne</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Chatel" title="Sophie Chatel">Chatel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaun_Chen_(politician)" title="Shaun Chen (politician)">Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Chiang_(politician)" title="Paul Chiang (politician)">Chiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad_Collins_(politician)" title="Chad Collins (politician)">C. Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_Cormier" title="Serge Cormier">Cormier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Coteau" title="Michael Coteau">Coteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Dabrusin" title="Julie Dabrusin">Dabrusin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pam_Damoff" title="Pam Damoff">Damoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukh_Dhaliwal" title="Sukh Dhaliwal">Dhaliwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anju_Dhillon" title="Anju Dhillon">Dhillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Diab" title="Lena Diab">Diab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Drouin" title="Francis Drouin">Drouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Dubourg" title="Emmanuel Dubourg">Dubourg</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Duclos</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Duguid" title="Terry Duguid">Duguid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsty_Duncan" title="Kirsty Duncan">K. Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Dzerowicz" title="Julie Dzerowicz">Dzerowicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Ehsassi" title="Ali Ehsassi">Ehsassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fay%C3%A7al_El-Khoury" title="Fayçal El-Khoury">El-Khoury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Erskine-Smith" title="Nathaniel Erskine-Smith">Erskine-Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Fergus" title="Greg Fergus">Fergus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darren_Fisher" title="Darren Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fonseca" title="Peter Fonseca">Fonseca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Fortier" title="Mona Fortier">Fortier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fragiskatos" title="Peter Fragiskatos">Fragiskatos</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sean_Fraser_(politician)" title="Sean Fraser (politician)">Fraser</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Freeland</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedy_Fry" title="Hedy Fry">Fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iqwinder_Gaheer" title="Iqwinder Gaheer">Gaheer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Gainey" title="Anna Gainey">Gainey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Gerretsen" title="Mark Gerretsen">Gerretsen</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Karina_Gould" title="Karina Gould">Gould</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Steven_Guilbeault" title="Steven Guilbeault">Guilbeault</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Patty_Hajdu" title="Patty Hajdu">Hajdu</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Hanley" title="Brendan Hanley">Hanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Hardie" title="Ken Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Hepfner" title="Lisa Hepfner">Hepfner</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mark_Holland" title="Mark Holland">Holland</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Housefather" title="Anthony Housefather">Housefather</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Hussen" title="Ahmed Hussen">Hussen</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gudie_Hutchings" title="Gudie Hutchings">Hutchings</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_Iacono" title="Angelo Iacono">Iacono</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Marci_Ien" title="Marci Ien">Ien</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Jaczek" title="Helena Jaczek">Jaczek</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lanie_Joly" title="Mélanie Joly">Joly</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Jones" title="Yvonne Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majid_Jowhari" title="Majid Jowhari">Jowhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arielle_Kayabaga" title="Arielle Kayabaga">Kayabaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Kelloway" title="Mike Kelloway">Kelloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iqra_Khalid" title="Iqra Khalid">Khalid</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Khera" title="Kamal Khera">Khera</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_Koutrakis" title="Annie Koutrakis">Koutrakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irek_Kusmierczyk" title="Irek Kusmierczyk">Kusmierczyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-France_Lalonde" title="Marie-France Lalonde">Lalonde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuella_Lambropoulos" title="Emmanuella Lambropoulos">Lambropoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Lamoureux" title="Kevin Lamoureux">Lamoureux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viviane_Lapointe" title="Viviane Lapointe">Lapointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Lattanzio" title="Patricia Lattanzio">Lattanzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Lauzon" title="Stéphane Lauzon">Lauzon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dominic_LeBlanc" title="Dominic LeBlanc">LeBlanc</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Diane_Lebouthillier" title="Diane Lebouthillier">Lebouthillier</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%ABl_Lightbound" title="Joël Lightbound">Lightbound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Long" title="Wayne Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Longfield" title="Lloyd Longfield">Longfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Louis_(Ontario_politician)" title="Tim Louis (Ontario politician)">Louis</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_MacAulay" title="Lawrence MacAulay">MacAulay</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heath_MacDonald" title="Heath MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Steven_MacKinnon" title="Steven MacKinnon">MacKinnon</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Maloney_(Canadian_politician)" title="James Maloney (Canadian politician)">Maloney</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Soraya_Martinez_Ferrada" title="Soraya Martinez Ferrada">Martinez Ferrada</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_May" title="Bryan May">B. May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_McDonald_(politician)" title="Ken McDonald (politician)">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_McGuinty" title="David McGuinty">McGuinty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McKay_(politician)" title="John McKay (politician)">McKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_McKinnon" title="Ron McKinnon">McKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McLeod_(politician)" title="Michael McLeod (politician)">McLeod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Mend%C3%A8s" title="Alexandra Mendès">Mendès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Mendicino" title="Marco Mendicino">Mendicino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_Miao" title="Wilson Miao">Miao</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Marc_Miller_(politician)" title="Marc Miller (politician)">Miller</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Morrissey" title="Bobby Morrissey">Morrissey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Murray" title="Joyce Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasir_Naqvi" title="Yasir Naqvi">Naqvi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ng" title="Mary Ng">Ng</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taleeb_Noormohamed" title="Taleeb Noormohamed">Noormohamed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_O%27Connell" title="Jennifer O'Connell">O'Connell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_O%27Regan" title="Seamus O'Regan">O'Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Oliphant" title="Rob Oliphant">Oliphant</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ginette_Petitpas_Taylor" title="Ginette Petitpas Taylor">Petitpas Taylor</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Powlowski" title="Marcus Powlowski">Powlowski</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Carla_Qualtrough" title="Carla Qualtrough">Qualtrough</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Robillard" title="Yves Robillard">Robillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churence_Rogers" title="Churence Rogers">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherry_Romanado" title="Sherry Romanado">Romanado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Rota" title="Anthony Rota">Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Sahota" title="Ruby Sahota">Sahota</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Sajjan</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ya%27ara_Saks" title="Ya'ara Saks">Saks</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrell_Samson" title="Darrell Samson">Samson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randeep_Sarai" title="Randeep Sarai">Sarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Scarpaleggia" title="Francis Scarpaleggia">Scarpaleggia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Schiefke" title="Peter Schiefke">Schiefke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Serr%C3%A9" title="Marc Serré">Serré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Sgro" title="Judy Sgro">Sgro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Shanahan_(politician)" title="Brenda Shanahan (politician)">Shanahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Sheehan" title="Terry Sheehan">Sheehan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maninder_Sidhu" title="Maninder Sidhu">M. Sidhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sidhu" title="Sonia Sidhu">S. Sidhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Sorbara" title="Francesco Sorbara">Sorbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sousa" title="Charles Sousa">Sousa</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pascale_St-Onge" title="Pascale St-Onge">St-Onge</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jenna_Sudds" title="Jenna Sudds">Sudds</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Filomena_Tassi" title="Filomena Tassi">Tassi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah_Taylor_Roy" title="Leah Taylor Roy">Taylor Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Thompson_(politician)" title="Joanne Thompson (politician)">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Turnbull_(politician)" title="Ryan Turnbull (politician)">Turnbull</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rechie_Valdez" title="Rechie Valdez">Valdez</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Van_Bynen" title="Tony Van Bynen">Van Bynen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_van_Koeverden" title="Adam van Koeverden">van Koeverden</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dan_Vandal" title="Dan Vandal">Vandal</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Vandenbeld" title="Anita Vandenbeld">Vandenbeld</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arif_Virani" title="Arif Virani">Virani</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Weiler" title="Patrick Weiler">Weiler</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Wilkinson" title="Jonathan Wilkinson">Wilkinson</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Yip" title="Jean Yip">Yip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salma_Zahid" title="Salma Zahid">Zahid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sameer_Zuberi" title="Sameer Zuberi">Zuberi</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Official Opposition (Canada)">Official Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#6495ED;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservative_Party_of_Canada_MPs" title="Template:Conservative Party of Canada MPs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservative_Party_of_Canada_MPs" title="Template talk:Conservative Party of Canada MPs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservative_Party_of_Canada_MPs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservative Party of Canada MPs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Conservative_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Poilievre" title="Pierre Poilievre">Poilievre</a></b><br /> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziad_Aboultaif" title="Ziad Aboultaif">Aboultaif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Aitchison" title="Scott Aitchison">Aitchison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Albas" title="Dan Albas">Albas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Allison" title="Dean Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Arnold" title="Mel Arnold">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Baldinelli" title="Tony Baldinelli">Baldinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barlow_(Canadian_politician)" title="John Barlow (Canadian politician)">Barlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Barrett_(Canadian_politician)" title="Michael Barrett (Canadian politician)">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Berthold" title="Luc Berthold">Berthold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bezan" title="James Bezan">Bezan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Block" title="Kelly Block">Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bragdon" title="Richard Bragdon">Bragdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brassard" title="John Brassard">Brassard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Brock" title="Larry Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaine_Calkins" title="Blaine Calkins">Calkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Caputo" title="Frank Caputo">Caputo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Carrie" title="Colin Carrie">Carrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Chambers_(politician)" title="Adam Chambers (politician)">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chong" title="Michael Chong">Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cooper_(politician)" title="Michael Cooper (politician)">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_d%27Entremont" title="Chris d'Entremont">d'Entremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Dalton" title="Marc Dalton">Dalton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raquel_Dancho" title="Raquel Dancho">Dancho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scot_Davidson" title="Scot Davidson">Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Deltell" title="Gérard Deltell">Deltell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Doherty" title="Todd Doherty">Doherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Dowdall" title="Terry Dowdall">Dowdall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Dreeshen" title="Earl Dreeshen">Dreeshen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Duncan_(politician)" title="Eric Duncan (politician)">E. Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Ellis_(politician)" title="Stephen Ellis (politician)">Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Epp" title="Dave Epp">Epp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemarie_Falk" title="Rosemarie Falk">R. Falk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Falk" title="Ted Falk">T. Falk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Fast" title="Ed Fast">Fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Ferreri" title="Michelle Ferreri">Ferreri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry-Lynne_Findlay" title="Kerry-Lynne Findlay">Findlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Gallant" title="Cheryl Gallant">Gallant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9reux" title="Bernard Généreux">Généreux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnett_Genuis" title="Garnett Genuis">Genuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Gladu" title="Marilyn Gladu">Gladu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%ABl_Godin" title="Joël Godin">Godin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laila_Goodridge" title="Laila Goodridge">Goodridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Gourde" title="Jacques Gourde">Gourde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracy_Gray" title="Tracy Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasraj_Hallan" class="mw-redirect" title="Jasraj Hallan">Hallan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Hoback" title="Randy Hoback">Hoback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Jeneroux" title="Matt Jeneroux">Jeneroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamil_Jivani" title="Jamil Jivani">Jivani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Kelly_(politician)" title="Pat Kelly (politician)">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arpan_Khanna" title="Arpan Khanna">Khanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Kitchen" title="Robert Kitchen">Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Kmiec" title="Tom Kmiec">Kmiec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kram" title="Michael Kram">Kram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_Kramp-Neuman" title="Shelby Kramp-Neuman">Kramp-Neuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Kurek" title="Damien Kurek">Kurek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Kusie" title="Stephanie Kusie">Kusie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Lake_(politician)" title="Mike Lake (politician)">Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa_Lantsman" title="Melissa Lantsman">Lantsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Lawrence_(politician)" title="Philip Lawrence (politician)">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lehoux" title="Richard Lehoux">Lehoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branden_Leslie" title="Branden Leslie">Leslie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Lewis_(politician)" title="Chris Lewis (politician)">C. Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslyn_Lewis" title="Leslyn Lewis">L. Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Liepert" title="Ron Liepert">Liepert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dane_Lloyd" title="Dane Lloyd">Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Lobb" title="Ben Lobb">Lobb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Maguire" title="Larry Maguire">Maguire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuvaloy_Majumdar" title="Shuvaloy Majumdar">Majumdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Martel" title="Richard Martel">Martel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Mazier" title="Dan Mazier">Mazier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_McCauley" title="Kelly McCauley">McCauley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_McLean_(politician)" title="Greg McLean (politician)">McLean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Melillo" title="Eric Melillo">Melillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Moore_(politician)" title="Rob Moore (politician)">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marty_Morantz" title="Marty Morantz">Morantz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Morrison_(politician)" title="Rob Morrison (politician)">Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Motz" title="Glen Motz">Motz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Muys" title="Dan Muys">Muys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nater" title="John Nater">Nater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Patzer" title="Jeremy Patzer">Patzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paul-Hus" title="Pierre Paul-Hus">Paul-Hus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Perkins" title="Rick Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Redekopp" title="Brad Redekopp">Redekopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Reid_(politician)" title="Scott Reid (politician)">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Rempel_Garner" title="Michelle Rempel Garner">Rempel Garner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Richards" title="Blake Richards">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Roberts" title="Anna Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianne_Rood" title="Lianne Rood">Rood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Ruff" title="Alex Ruff">Ruff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Scheer" title="Andrew Scheer">Scheer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Schmale" title="Jamie Schmale">Schmale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Seeback" title="Kyle Seeback">Seeback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Shields" title="Martin Shields">Shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Shipley" title="Doug Shipley">Shipley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifford_Small" title="Clifford Small">Small</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Soroka" title="Gerald Soroka">Soroka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Steinley" title="Warren Steinley">Steinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Stewart_(Ontario_politician)" title="Don Stewart (Ontario politician)">D. Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Stewart_(politician)" title="Jake Stewart (politician)">J. Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Strahl" title="Mark Strahl">Strahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Stubbs" title="Shannon Stubbs">Stubbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachael_Thomas" title="Rachael Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corey_Tochor" title="Corey Tochor">Tochor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_Tolmie" title="Fraser Tolmie">Tolmie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Uppal" title="Tim Uppal">Uppal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tako_van_Popta" title="Tako van Popta">van Popta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Vecchio" title="Karen Vecchio">Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Vidal" title="Gary Vidal">Vidal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Vien" title="Dominique Vien">Vien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Viersen" title="Arnold Viersen">Viersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Vis" title="Brad Vis">Vis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathay_Wagantall" title="Cathay Wagantall">Wagantall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Warkentin" title="Chris Warkentin">Warkentin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Waugh" title="Kevin Waugh">Waugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Webber" title="Len Webber">Webber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Williams_(Canadian_politician)" title="Ryan Williams (Canadian politician)">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Williamson_(Canadian_politician)" title="John Williamson (Canadian politician)">Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Zimmer" title="Bob Zimmer">Zimmer</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Official_party_status" title="Official party status">Recognized parties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#87CEFA;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bloc_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_MPs" title="Template:Bloc Québécois MPs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bloc_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_MPs" title="Template talk:Bloc Québécois MPs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bloc_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois_MPs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bloc Québécois MPs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bloc_Québécois" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bloc_Qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9cois" title="Bloc Québécois">Bloc Québécois</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Yves-Fran%C3%A7ois_Blanchet" title="Yves-François Blanchet">Blanchet</a></b><br /> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Barsalou-Duval" title="Xavier Barsalou-Duval">Barsalou-Duval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Beaulieu" title="Mario Beaulieu">Beaulieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Bergeron" title="Stéphane Bergeron">Bergeron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvie_B%C3%A9rub%C3%A9" title="Sylvie Bérubé">Bérubé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxime_Blanchette-Joncas" title="Maxime Blanchette-Joncas">Blanchette-Joncas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Brunelle-Duceppe" title="Alexis Brunelle-Duceppe">Brunelle-Duceppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Chabot" title="Louise Chabot">Chabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Champoux" title="Martin Champoux">Champoux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_DeBellefeuille" title="Claude DeBellefeuille">DeBellefeuille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_Desbiens" title="Caroline Desbiens">Desbiens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Desilets" title="Luc Desilets">Desilets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%A9al_Fortin" title="Rhéal Fortin">Fortin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Denis_Garon" title="Jean-Denis Garon">Garon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne_Gaudreau" title="Marie-Hélène Gaudreau">Gaudreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maril%C3%A8ne_Gill" title="Marilène Gill">Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9anne_Larouche" title="Andréanne Larouche">Larouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9bastien_Lemire" title="Sébastien Lemire">Lemire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristina_Michaud" title="Kristina Michaud">Michaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Normandin" title="Christine Normandin">Normandin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monique_Pauz%C3%A9" title="Monique Pauzé">Pauzé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Perron" title="Yves Perron">Perron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Plamondon" title="Louis Plamondon">Plamondon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Philippe_Sauv%C3%A9" title="Louis-Philippe Sauvé">Sauvé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon-Pierre_Savard-Tremblay" title="Simon-Pierre Savard-Tremblay">Savard-Tremblay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Simard" title="Mario Simard">Simard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathalie_Sinclair-Desgagn%C3%A9" title="Nathalie Sinclair-Desgagné">Sinclair-Desgagné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Ste-Marie" title="Gabriel Ste-Marie">Ste-Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Th%C3%A9riault" title="Luc Thériault">Thériault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Therrien" title="Alain Therrien">Therrien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Trudel" title="Denis Trudel">Trudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Vignola" title="Julie Vignola">Vignola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Villemure" title="René Villemure">Villemure</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#F4A460;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Democratic_Party_MPs" title="Template:New Democratic Party MPs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_Democratic_Party_MPs" title="Template talk:New Democratic Party MPs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_Democratic_Party_MPs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New Democratic Party MPs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_Democratic_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Jagmeet_Singh" title="Jagmeet Singh">Singh</a></b><br /> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Angus" title="Charlie Angus">Angus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niki_Ashton" title="Niki Ashton">Ashton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Bachrach" title="Taylor Bachrach">Bachrach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Marie_Barron" title="Lisa Marie Barron">Barron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Blaney" title="Rachel Blaney">Blaney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Boulerice" title="Alexandre Boulerice">Boulerice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cannings_(British_Columbia_politician)" title="Richard Cannings (British Columbia politician)">Cannings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurel_Collins" title="Laurel Collins">L. Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leila_Dance" title="Leila Dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Davies" title="Don Davies">Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Desjarlais" title="Blake Desjarlais">Desjarlais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_Garrison" title="Randall Garrison">Garrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah_Gazan" title="Leah Gazan">Gazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Green_(Canadian_politician)" title="Matthew Green (Canadian politician)">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Hughes_(politician)" title="Carol Hughes (politician)">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lori_Idlout" title="Lori Idlout">Idlout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gord_Johns" title="Gord Johns">Johns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Julian" title="Peter Julian">Julian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Kwan" title="Jenny Kwan">Kwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_MacGregor" title="Alistair MacGregor">MacGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Masse" title="Brian Masse">Masse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindsay_Mathyssen" title="Lindsay Mathyssen">Mathyssen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_McPherson_(politician)" title="Heather McPherson (politician)">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonita_Zarrillo" title="Bonita Zarrillo">Zarrillo</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other parties/groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:center"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#99C955;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Green_MPs" title="Template:Green MPs"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Green_MPs" title="Template talk:Green MPs"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Green_MPs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Green MPs"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Green_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_Canada" title="Green Party of Canada">Green Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_May" title="Elizabeth May">E. May</a></b><br /> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Morrice" title="Mike Morrice">Morrice</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#DCDCDC;"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Independent_MPs_in_Canada" title="Template:Independent MPs in Canada"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Independent_MPs_in_Canada" title="Template talk:Independent MPs in Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Independent_MPs_in_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Independent MPs in Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Independent" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Independent</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Dong_(politician)" title="Han Dong (politician)">Dong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Rayes" title="Alain Rayes">Rayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Rodriguez_(Canadian_politician)" title="Pablo Rodriguez (Canadian politician)">Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Vuong" title="Kevin Vuong">Vuong</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/44th_Canadian_Parliament" title="44th Canadian Parliament">44th Canadian Parliament</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_public_works" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Public_Works" title="Template:CA-Ministers of Public Works"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Ministers_of_Public_Works" title="Template talk:CA-Ministers of Public Works"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Public_Works" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers of Public Works"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_public_works" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Works_(Canada)" title="Minister of Public Works (Canada)">Ministers of public works</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Works_(Canada)" title="Minister of Public Works (Canada)">Ministers of Public Works</a><br />(1867–1996)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_McDougall_(politician,_born_1822)" class="mw-redirect" title="William McDougall (politician, born 1822)">McDougall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector-Louis_Langevin" title="Hector-Louis Langevin">Langevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mackenzie_(politician)" title="Alexander Mackenzie (politician)">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tupper" title="Charles Tupper">Tupper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector-Louis_Langevin" title="Hector-Louis Langevin">Langevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Smith_(Canadian_politician)" title="Frank Smith (Canadian politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Aldric_Ouimet" title="Joseph-Aldric Ouimet">Ouimet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Desjardins_(politician)" title="Alphonse Desjardins (politician)">Desjardins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Isra%C3%ABl_Tarte" title="Joseph-Israël Tarte">Tarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Sutherland_(Canadian_politician)" title="James Sutherland (Canadian politician)">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._S._Hyman" title="C. S. Hyman">Hyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pugsley" title="William Pugsley">Pugsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Debartzch_Monk" title="Frederick Debartzch Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rogers_(Manitoba_politician)" title="Robert Rogers (Manitoba politician)">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ballantyne" title="Charles Ballantyne">Ballantyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Broadstreet_Carvell" title="Frank Broadstreet Carvell">Carvell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dowsley_Reid" title="John Dowsley Reid">Reid</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Sifton" title="Arthur Sifton">Sifton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dowsley_Reid" title="John Dowsley Reid">Reid</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleming_Blanchard_McCurdy" title="Fleming Blanchard McCurdy">McCurdy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewitt_Bostock" title="Hewitt Bostock">Bostock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Horace_King" title="James Horace King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halsey_Perley" title="George Halsey Perley">Perley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Baird_Ryckman" title="Edmond Baird Ryckman">Ryckman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell_Elliott" title="John Campbell Elliott">Elliott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Alexander_Stewart" title="Hugh Alexander Stewart">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cardin" title="Arthur Cardin">P. Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Enoil_Michaud" title="Joseph-Enoil Michaud">Michaud</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Fournier" title="Alphonse Fournier">Fournier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Edward_Harris" title="Walter Edward Harris">Harris</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Winters" title="Robert Winters">Winters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Charles_Green" title="Howard Charles Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_James_Walker" title="David James Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Charles_Green" title="Howard Charles Green">Green</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davie_Fulton" title="Davie Fulton">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Deschatelets" title="Jean-Paul Deschatelets">Deschatelets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Cardin" title="Lucien Cardin">L. Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McIlraith" title="George McIlraith">McIlraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Laing" title="Arthur Laing">Laing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Eudes_Dub%C3%A9" title="Jean-Eudes Dubé">Dubé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Drury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judd_Buchanan" title="Judd Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Ouellet" title="André Ouellet">Ouellet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Nielsen" title="Erik Nielsen">Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cosgrove" title="Paul Cosgrove">Cosgrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A9o_LeBlanc" title="Roméo LeBlanc">LeBlanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lapointe" title="Charles Lapointe">Lapointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roch_La_Salle" title="Roch La Salle">La Salle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_McInnes" title="Stewart McInnes">McInnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Jelinek" title="Otto Jelinek">Jelinek</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_MacKay" title="Elmer MacKay">MacKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dick" title="Paul Dick">Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Dingwall" title="David Dingwall">Dingwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Marleau" title="Diane Marleau">Marleau</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">Minister of Public Works and Government Services</a><br />(1996–2015)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Marleau" title="Diane Marleau">Marleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Gagliano" title="Alfonso Gagliano">Gagliano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Boudria" title="Don Boudria">Boudria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Goodale" title="Ralph Goodale">Goodale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Owen_(politician)" title="Stephen Owen (politician)">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Brison" title="Scott Brison">Brison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fortier" title="Michael Fortier">Fortier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Paradis" title="Christian Paradis">Paradis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rona_Ambrose" title="Rona Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Finley" title="Diane Finley">Finley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Services_and_Procurement" title="Minister of Public Services and Procurement">Minister of Public Services and Procurement</a><br />(2015–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Foote" title="Judy Foote">Foote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Qualtrough" title="Carla Qualtrough">Qualtrough</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filomena_Tassi" title="Filomena Tassi">Tassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Jaczek" title="Helena Jaczek">Jaczek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Jean-Yves Duclos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup>As part of substantial governmental reorganization, the position was merged with that of the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Supply_and_Services_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Supply and Services (Canada)">Minister of Supply and Services</a> to create the position of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Works_and_Government_Services_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Public Works and Government Services (Canada)">Minister of Public Works and Government Services</a> on July 12, 1995.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_defence" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Defence" title="Template:CA-Ministers of Defence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Ministers_of_Defence" title="Template talk:CA-Ministers of Defence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Defence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers of Defence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_defence" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Ministers of defence</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Militia_and_Defence_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Militia and Defence (Canada)">Ministers of militia and defence</a> (1867–1923)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George-%C3%89tienne_Cartier" title="George-Étienne Cartier">Cartier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector-Louis_Langevin" title="Hector-Louis Langevin">Langevin</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McDonald_(politician)" title="Hugh McDonald (politician)">McDonald </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Ross_(Canadian_politician)" title="William Ross (Canadian politician)">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Berrian_Vail" title="William Berrian Vail">Vail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Gilpin_Jones" title="Alfred Gilpin Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Rodrigue_Masson" title="Louis-Rodrigue Masson">Masson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_(Canadian_senator)" title="Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe-Philippe_Caron" title="Adolphe-Philippe Caron">Caron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Colebrooke_Patterson" title="James Colebrooke Patterson">Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rupert_Dickey" title="Arthur Rupert Dickey">Dickey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Desjardins_(politician)" title="Alphonse Desjardins (politician)">Desjardins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Tisdale" title="David Tisdale">Tisdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Borden" title="Frederick William Borden">Borden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Hughes" title="Sam Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edward_Kemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Edward Kemp">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Chilton_Mewburn" title="Sydney Chilton Mewburn">Mewburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Calder" title="James Alexander Calder">Calder</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Guthrie" title="Hugh Guthrie">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">G. Graham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Ministers of national defence</a> (1923–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">G. Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mortimer_Macdonald" title="Edward Mortimer Macdonald">E. Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Guthrie" title="Hugh Guthrie">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robb_(politician)" title="James Robb (politician)">Robb</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ralston" title="James Ralston">Ralston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Matheson_Sutherland" title="Donald Matheson Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grote_Stirling" title="Grote Stirling">Stirling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Alistair_Mackenzie" title="Ian Alistair Mackenzie">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_McLeod_Rogers" title="Norman McLeod Rogers">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gavan_Power" title="Charles Gavan Power">Power</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ralston" title="James Ralston">Ralston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_McNaughton" title="Andrew McNaughton">McNaughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Abbott" title="Douglas Abbott">Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Claxton" title="Brooke Claxton">Claxton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Campney" title="Ralph Campney">Campney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Pearkes" title="George Pearkes">Pearkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Harkness" title="Douglas Harkness">Harkness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Churchill" title="Gordon Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hellyer" title="Paul Hellyer">Hellyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Cadieux" title="Léo Cadieux">Cadieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Drury</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Stovel_Macdonald" title="Donald Stovel Macdonald">D. Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Benson" title="Edgar Benson">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Eudes_Dub%C3%A9" title="Jean-Eudes Dubé">Dubé</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Drury</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Armstrong_Richardson" title="James Armstrong Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barney_Danson" title="Barney Danson">Danson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_McKinnon" title="Allan McKinnon">McKinnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Lamontagne" title="Gilles Lamontagne">Lamontagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Blais" title="Jean-Jacques Blais">Blais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Coates_(politician)" title="Robert Coates (politician)">Coates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clark" title="Joe Clark">Clark</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Nielsen" title="Erik Nielsen">Nielsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perrin_Beatty" title="Perrin Beatty">Beatty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_McKnight" title="Bill McKnight">McKnight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Masse" title="Marcel Masse">Masse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Campbell" title="Kim Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Siddon" title="Tom Siddon">Siddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Collenette" title="David Collenette">Collenette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Young_(politician)" title="Doug Young (politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Eggleton" title="Art Eggleton">Eggleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCallum" title="John McCallum">McCallum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pratt_(politician)" title="David Pratt (politician)">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Graham_(Canadian_politician)" title="Bill Graham (Canadian politician)">B. Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_O%27Connor" title="Gordon O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_MacKay" title="Peter MacKay">MacKay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Nicholson" title="Rob Nicholson">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Kenney" title="Jason Kenney">Kenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Sajjan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Blair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associate ministers of national defence (1953–2013, 2015–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gavan_Power" title="Charles Gavan Power">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Campney" title="Ralph Campney">Campney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hellyer" title="Paul Hellyer">Hellyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_S%C3%A9vigny_(politician)" title="Pierre Sévigny (politician)">Sévigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Cardin" title="Lucien Cardin">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Cadieux" title="Léo Cadieux">Cadieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvie_Andre" title="Harvie Andre">Andre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dick" title="Paul Dick">Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Collins_(politician)" title="Mary Collins (politician)">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albina_Guarnieri" title="Albina Guarnieri">Guarnieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauril_B%C3%A9langer" title="Mauril Bélanger">Bélanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fantino" title="Julian Fantino">Fantino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Valcourt" title="Bernard Valcourt">Valcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry-Lynne_Findlay" title="Kerry-Lynne Findlay">Findlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fantino" title="Julian Fantino">Fantino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Hehr" title="Kent Hehr">Hehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamus_O%27Regan" title="Seamus O'Regan">O'Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Wilson-Raybould" title="Jody Wilson-Raybould">Wilson-Raybould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harjit_Sajjan" title="Harjit Sajjan">Sajjan</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_MacAulay" title="Lawrence MacAulay">MacAulay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginette_Petitpas_Taylor" title="Ginette Petitpas Taylor">Petitpas Taylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of the naval service (1910–22)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Philippe_Brodeur" title="Louis-Philippe Brodeur">Brodeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolphe_Lemieux" title="Rodolphe Lemieux">Lemieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Douglas_Hazen" class="mw-redirect" title="John Douglas Hazen">Hazen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ballantyne" title="Charles Ballantyne">Ballantyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">G. Graham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World War I</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Ministers of the overseas military forces (1916–20)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/George_Halsey_Perley" title="George Halsey Perley">Perley</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edward_Kemp" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Edward Kemp">Kemp</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">World War II</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_for_Air_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence for Air (Canada)">Ministers of national defence for air</a> (1940–46)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Charles_Gavan_Power" title="Charles Gavan Power">Power</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Angus_Lewis_Macdonald" title="Angus Lewis Macdonald">Macdonald</a> (acting)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colin_W._G._Gibson" title="Colin W. G. Gibson">Gibson</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_for_Naval_Services_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence for Naval Services (Canada)">Ministers of national defence for naval services</a> (1940–46)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Angus_Lewis_Macdonald" title="Angus Lewis Macdonald">Macdonald</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Abbott" title="Douglas Abbott">Abbott</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Ministers of national war services (1940–48)</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/James_Garfield_Gardiner" title="James Garfield Gardiner">Gardiner</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Thorarinn_Thorson" title="Joseph Thorarinn Thorson">Thorson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Richer_Lafl%C3%A8che" title="Léo Richer Laflèche">Laflèche</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/James_Joseph_McCann" title="James Joseph McCann">McCann</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Treasury_Board" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Presidents_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="Template:CA-Presidents of the Treasury Board"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Presidents_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="Template talk:CA-Presidents of the Treasury Board"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Presidents_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Presidents of the Treasury Board"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Treasury_Board" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Treasury_Board" title="President of the Treasury Board">Presidents of the Treasury Board</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Benson" title="Edgar Benson">Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Drury" title="Charles Drury">Drury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Chrétien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Andras" title="Bob Andras">Andras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judd_Buchanan" title="Judd Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Stevens" title="Sinclair Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Johnston" title="Don Johnston">Johnston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Gray" title="Herb Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Cotret" title="Robert de Cotret">Cotret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Mazankowski" title="Don Mazankowski">Mazankowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Carney" title="Pat Carney">Carney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lewis_(politician)" title="Doug Lewis (politician)">Lewis</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_de_Cotret" title="Robert de Cotret">Cotret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Loiselle" title="Gilles Loiselle">Loiselle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Edwards_(Canadian_politician)" title="Jim Edwards (Canadian politician)">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Eggleton" title="Art Eggleton">Eggleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mass%C3%A9" title="Marcel Massé">Massé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucienne_Robillard" title="Lucienne Robillard">Robillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reg_Alcock" title="Reg Alcock">Alcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baird_(Canadian_politician)" title="John Baird (Canadian politician)">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vic_Toews" title="Vic Toews">Toews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockwell_Day" title="Stockwell Day">Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Clement" title="Tony Clement">Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Brison" title="Scott Brison">Brison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Philpott" title="Jane Philpott">Philpott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Qualtrough" title="Carla Qualtrough">Qualtrough</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Murray" title="Joyce Murray">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Duclos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mona_Fortier" title="Mona Fortier">Fortier</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ministers_of_transport" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Transport" title="Template:CA-Ministers of Transport"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CA-Ministers_of_Transport" title="Template talk:CA-Ministers of Transport"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers_of_Transport" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CA-Ministers of Transport"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ministers_of_transport" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Ministers of transport</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Railways_and_Canals_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Railways and Canals (Canada)">Ministers of Railways and Canals</a> (1879–1936)<sup>1</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Tupper" title="Charles Tupper">Tupper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Pope" title="John Henry Pope">Pope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">Macdonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackenzie_Bowell" title="Mackenzie Bowell">Bowell</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Graham_Haggart" title="John Graham Haggart">Haggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Aldric_Ouimet" title="Joseph-Aldric Ouimet">Ouimet</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Graham_Haggart" title="John Graham Haggart">Haggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_George_Blair" title="Andrew George Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stevens_Fielding" title="William Stevens Fielding">Fielding</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Emmerson" title="Henry Emmerson">Emmerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stevens_Fielding" title="William Stevens Fielding">Fielding</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Cochrane" title="Francis Cochrane">Cochrane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dowsley_Reid" title="John Dowsley Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Alexander_Stewart_(politician)" title="John Alexander Stewart (politician)">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Costello_Kennedy" title="William Costello Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Perry_Graham" title="George Perry Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Avery_Dunning" title="Charles Avery Dunning">Dunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Lumley_Drayton" title="Henry Lumley Drayton">Drayton</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Anderson_Black" title="William Anderson Black">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Avery_Dunning" title="Charles Avery Dunning">Dunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Crerar" title="Thomas Crerar">Crerar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_James_Manion" title="Robert James Manion">Manion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Howe" title="C. D. Howe">Howe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of Marine (1930–36)<sup>1</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cardin" title="Arthur Cardin">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Duranleau" title="Alfred Duranleau">Duranleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Henri_Gendron" title="Lucien Henri Gendron">Gendron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Howe" title="C. D. Howe">Howe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Ministers of Transport</a> (1936–2006)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Howe" title="C. D. Howe">Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Cardin" title="Arthur Cardin">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Howe" title="C. D. Howe">Howe</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Enoil_Michaud" title="Joseph-Enoil Michaud">Michaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Chevrier" title="Lionel Chevrier">Chevrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Carlyle_Marler" title="George Carlyle Marler">Marler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hees" title="George Hees">Hees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Balcer" title="Léon Balcer">Balcer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McIlraith" title="George McIlraith">McIlraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pickersgill" title="Jack Pickersgill">Pickersgill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hellyer" title="Paul Hellyer">Hellyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Armstrong_Richardson" title="James Armstrong Richardson">Richardson</a> (acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Jamieson_(politician)" title="Don Jamieson (politician)">Jamieson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Marchand" title="Jean Marchand">Marchand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Lang" title="Otto Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Mazankowski" title="Don Mazankowski">Mazankowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_P%C3%A9pin" title="Jean-Luc Pépin">Pépin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Axworthy" title="Lloyd Axworthy">Axworthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Mazankowski" title="Don Mazankowski">Mazankowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crosbie" title="John Crosbie">Crosbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Bouchard" title="Benoît Bouchard">Bouchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lewis_(politician)" title="Doug Lewis (politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Corbeil" title="Jean Corbeil">Corbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Young_(politician)" title="Doug Young (politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Anderson_(British_Columbia_politician)" title="David Anderson (British Columbia politician)">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Collenette" title="David Collenette">Collenette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Valeri" title="Tony Valeri">Valeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lapierre" title="Jean Lapierre">Lapierre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministers of Transport, Infrastructure and Communities (2006–15)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Cannon" title="Lawrence Cannon">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baird_(Canadian_politician)" title="John Baird (Canadian politician)">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Strahl" title="Chuck Strahl">Strahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Lebel" title="Denis Lebel">Lebel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Ministers of Transport</a> (2015–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Raitt" title="Lisa Raitt">Raitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Garneau" title="Marc Garneau">Garneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Alghabra" title="Omar Alghabra">Alghabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Rodriguez_(Canadian_politician)" title="Pablo Rodriguez (Canadian politician)">Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Anand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup>The offices of Minister of Marine and Minister of Railways and Canals were abolished and the office of Minister of Transport was created in 1936<br /></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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