CINXE.COM

Эмкалш — Википеди

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ce" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Эмкалш — Википеди</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cewikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"ydm","wgMonthNames":["","январь","февраль","март","апрель","май","июнь","июль","август","сентябрь","октябрь","ноябрь","декабрь"],"wgRequestId":"f5c0598e-7635-4322-951e-f0c1cb440392","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Эмкалш","wgTitle":"Эмкалш","wgCurRevisionId":10100414,"wgRevisionId":10100414,"wgArticleId":7220,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Кеп:Webarchive:Wayback Machine тӀе хьажоргаш","Википеди:Cite web (хийца webcitation-архив: deadlink no)","Википеди:Cite web (мотт билгалбина бац)","Кеп:Webarchive:Webcitation.org тӀе хьажоргаш","Таксонан латинан цӀеран тӀера дӀасхьажорг йоцу биологийн йаззамаш", "Википеди:Hatnote:ЦӀен хьажорг йолу агӀонаш","Викидошам тӀе хьажоргаш йолу йаззамаш","Викиларма тӀе хьажоргаш йолу йаззамаш","Дийнаташ абатца","Ахкаргкогашдерш","Даьхний","Дийнаташ лелор","Библин дийнаташ"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ce","wgPageContentLanguage":"ce","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Эмкалш","wgRelevantArticleId":7220,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":3}}},"wgStableRevisionId":10100414,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ce","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ce"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{ "search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q7375","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles": "ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.collapserefs","ext.gadget.directLinkToCommons","ext.gadget.referenceTooltips","ext.gadget.edittop","ext.gadget.blpEditNotice","ext.gadget.sidebarRelated","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging", "ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ce&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ce&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ce&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ce&amp;modules=noscript&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"></noscript> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG/1200px-Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG/800px-Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG/640px-Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Эмкалш — Википеди"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ce.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="БӀаьра нисйан" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Википеди (ce)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ce.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ce"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Википеди — Atom-аса" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Эмкалш rootpage-Эмкалш skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Чулацаман тӀегӀо</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Коьрта меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Коьрта меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Коьрта меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">агӀонгара панель тӀе йаккха</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">къайла</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навигаци </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE" title="Коьрта агӀонан дехьа гӀо [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Коьрта агӀо</span></a></li><li id="n-browse" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Категорешца лахар"><span>Категорешца лахар</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80"><span>Массо агӀонаш</span></a></li><li id="n-featured" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88"><span>Хаьржина йаззамаш</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3I%D0%BE" title="Хьажа цахууш нисйеллачу агlоне [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Цахууш нисйелла агӀо</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88" title="Карара хиламех лаьцна хаам"><span>Карара хилларш</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дакъалацар </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-1000" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88"><span>1000 агӀо</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%83_%D0%B3l%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85"><span>ГӀалатех хаам бар</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%99%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Проектах лаьцна а, мичахь хӀу йу лаьтташ а хӀудалур ду шуьга а"><span>Йукъараллин ков</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Википедийн декъашхойн форум"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88" title="ТӀаьххьара хийцамийн могӀам [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Керла нисдарш</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88"><span>Керла агӀонаш</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%93%D3%80%D0%BE" title="ГӀоде меттиг"><span>ГӀо</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Википеди" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ce.svg" style="width: 7.375em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="маьрша энциклопеди" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ce.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Википеди чохь лаха [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Лахар</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Википеди чохь лаха" aria-label="Википеди чохь лаха" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Википеди чохь лаха [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="ГӀирс:Лахар"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Лахар</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Долахь болу гӀирсаш"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Арахьара хатӀ"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="АгӀонан шрифтан барам а, шуьйралла а, бос а хийца" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Арахьара хатӀ" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Арахьара хатӀ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ce.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ce" class=""><span>Википедина гӀо дар</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" title="Шу йиш йу аккаунт кхоьллина системин чудовла, амма иза тӀедожийна дац." class=""><span>Кхолла аккаунт</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" title="Кхузахь системин чудовла мега, амма иза тӀедожийна дац. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ЧугӀо</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Дукха таронаш" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Долахь болу гӀирсаш" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Долахь болу гӀирсаш</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Декъашхочун меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ce.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ce"><span>Википедина гӀо дар</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" title="Шу йиш йу аккаунт кхоьллина системин чудовла, амма иза тӀедожийна дац."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Кхолла аккаунт</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" title="Кхузахь системин чудовла мега, амма иза тӀедожийна дац. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ЧугӀо</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Авторизаци йанза редакторшна агӀонаш <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%BE:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC" aria-label="Хийцамашбарах мадарра"><span>совнаха хаа</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="ХӀокху IP-адресца бина хийцамийн могӀам [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Къинхьегам</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Сан IP адресан дийцарийн агӀо [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Дийцар</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eкъайлайаккха\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"ce\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cp class=\"mw-empty-elt\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Чулацам" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Чулацам</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">агӀонгара панель тӀе йаккха</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">къайла</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Йуьхь</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Этимологи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Этимологи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Этимологи</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Этимологи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Аматаш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аматаш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Аматаш</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Аматаш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эмкалаш_схьайовлар_а,_истори_а" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эмкалаш_схьайовлар_а,_истори_а"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Эмкалаш схьайовлар а, истори а</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Эмкалаш_схьайовлар_а,_истори_а-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Гайта/Къайладаккха лахара дакъа Эмкалаш схьайовлар а, истори а</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Эмкалаш_схьайовлар_а,_истори_а-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-КараӀамор" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#КараӀамор"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>КараӀамор</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-КараӀамор-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Яржар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Яржар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Яржар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Яржар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эмкалийн_кепаш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эмкалийн_кепаш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Эмкалийн кепаш</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Эмкалийн_кепаш-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Гайта/Къайладаккха лахара дакъа Эмкалийн кепаш</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Эмкалийн_кепаш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Бактрианаш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бактрианаш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Бактрианаш</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бактрианаш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Дромедараш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Дромедараш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Дромедараш</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Дромедараш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гибридаш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гибридаш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Гибридаш</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гибридаш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эмкал_оьздангаллехь" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эмкал_оьздангаллехь"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Эмкал оьздангаллехь</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Эмкал_оьздангаллехь-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Гайта/Къайладаккха лахара дакъа Эмкал оьздангаллехь</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Эмкал_оьздангаллехь-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Сийлаллашкахь" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Сийлаллашкахь"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Сийлаллашкахь</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Сийлаллашкахь-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ГӀарадаьлла_тиларш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ГӀарадаьлла_тиларш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>ГӀарадаьлла тиларш</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ГӀарадаьлла_тиларш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Оьздангаллехь_гайтар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Оьздангаллехь_гайтар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Оьздангаллехь гайтар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Оьздангаллехь_гайтар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Билгалдахарш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Билгалдахарш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Билгалдахарш</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Билгалдахарш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хьажорагаш" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хьажорагаш"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Хьажорагаш</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хьажорагаш-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Чулацам" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Къайлабаккха/гайта чулацам" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Къайлабаккха/гайта чулацам</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Эмкалш</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Кхечу маттахь болу йаззаме хьажа. ТӀекхочу 181 маттахь" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-181" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">181 мотт</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%88%D1%8D" title="Махъушэ — адигейн" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Махъушэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="адигейн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kameel" title="Kameel — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kameel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altweltkamele" title="Altweltkamele — швейцарин немцойн" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Altweltkamele" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарин немцойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%98%E1%88%8D" title="ግመል — амхаройн" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ግመል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхаройн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — арагонойн" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9F" title="ऊँट — ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ऊँट" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%84" title="جمل — Ӏаьрбийн" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Ӏаьрбийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%93%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%90" title="ܓܡܠܐ — арамейский" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܓܡܠܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%84" title="جمل — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="جمل" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%84_(%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="جمل (جنس من الثدييات) — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جمل (جنس من الثدييات)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F" title="উট — ассамийн" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="উট" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассамийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — астурийн" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Варани — суьйлийн" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Варани" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="суьйлийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwol_(Camelus)" title="Cwol (Camelus) — Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Cwol (Camelus)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9F" title="उँट — авадхи" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="उँट" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99v%C9%99" title="Dəvə — азербайджанийн" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəvə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%87" title="دوه — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دوه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%A9%D0%B9%D3%99" title="Дөйә — башкирийн" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Дөйә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unta" title="Unta — балийн" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Unta" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopranogar%C4%93" title="Kopranogarē — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kopranogarē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelyo" title="Kamelyo — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kamelyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Вярблюды — белорусийн" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вярблюды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4" title="Вярблюд — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вярблюд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Камили — болгарийн" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Камили" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamel" title="Kamel — бислама" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kamel" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="бислама" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F" title="উট — бенгалийн" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="རྔ་མོང་། — тибетхойн" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རྔ་མོང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — бретонийн" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deva" title="Deva — боснийн" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Deva" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Тэмээн — бурятский" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Тэмээн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="бурятский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camell" title="Camell — каталонийн" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Camell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%8Fk-d%C3%B2%CC%A4" title="Lŏk-dò̤ — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lŏk-dò̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="وشتر — юккъерчу курдийн" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وشتر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="юккъерчу курдийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camellu" title="Camellu — корсиканийн" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Camellu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсиканийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deve" title="Deve — крымско-татарский" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Deve" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="крымско-татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velbloud" title="Velbloud — чехийн" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Velbloud" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kam%C3%A9l" title="Kamél — кашубский" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kamél" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="кашубский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%95%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Тĕве — чувашийн" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тĕве" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel" title="Camel — валлийн" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Camel" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — датхойн" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laakumi" title="Laakumi — Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Laakumi" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altweltkamele" title="Altweltkamele — немцойн" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Altweltkamele" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немцойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deve" title="Deve — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Deve" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AE%CE%BB%CE%B1" title="Καμήλα — грекийн" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καμήλα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грекийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel" title="Camel — ингалсан" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Camel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ингалсан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="Дика йаззам"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelo" title="Kamelo — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kamelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — испанхойн" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaamel" title="Kaamel — эстонийн" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaamel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — баскийн" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="شتر — гӀажарийн" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شتر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="гӀажарийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelit_(suku)" title="Kamelit (suku) — финнийн" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kamelit (suku)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финнийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaamli" title="Kaamli — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kaamli" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelur" title="Kamelur — фарерийн" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kamelur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарерийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakunmi" title="Lakunmi — фон" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Lakunmi" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="фон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — французийн" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamielen" title="Kamielen — малхбузен-фризийн" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kamielen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="малхбузен-фризийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camall" title="Camall — ирландхойн" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Camall" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dev%C3%A4" title="Devä — гагаузийн" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Devä" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="гагаузийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0mhal" title="Càmhal — гэлийн" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Càmhal" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="гэлийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelo" title="Camelo — галисийн" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Camelo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mymbakandu" title="Mymbakandu — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mymbakandu" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Untth" title="Untth — Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Untth" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C6%99umi" title="Raƙumi — хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Raƙumi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%CC%8Dk-th%C3%B2" title="Lo̍k-thò — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lo̍k-thò" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9E%D7%9C" title="גמל — жугтийн" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גמל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="жугтийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9F" title="ऊँट — хӀинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऊँट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хӀинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uuntth" title="Uuntth — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Uuntth" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deve_starog_svijeta" title="Deve starog svijeta — хорватийн" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Deve starog svijeta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamo" title="Chamo — гаитийн" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Chamo" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teve" title="Teve — венгрийн" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Teve" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгрийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%B2%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ուղտեր — эрмалойн" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուղտեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="эрмалойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%B2%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ուղտեր — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ուղտեր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelos_(genere)" title="Camelos (genere) — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Camelos (genere)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unta" title="Unta — индонезихойн" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Unta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезихойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pikukturuaq" title="Pikukturuaq — инупиак" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Pikukturuaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="инупиак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelio" title="Kamelio — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kamelio" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Инкалаш — гӀалгӀайн" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Инкалаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="гӀалгӀайн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelo" title="Kamelo — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kamelo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Alfaldar" title="Úlfaldar — исландхойн" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Úlfaldar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — итальянийн" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AF%E3%83%80" title="ラクダ — японийн" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラクダ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamel" title="Kamel — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kamel" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unta" title="Unta — яванийн" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Unta" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="აქლემი — гуьржийн" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აქლემი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гуьржийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C9%A3em" title="Alɣem — кабилийн" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Alɣem" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабилийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C9%96a%C9%96a" title="Aɖaɖa — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Aɖaɖa" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1lakumi" title="A̱lakumi — тьяп" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱lakumi" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="тьяп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Түйелер — кхазакхийн" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Түйелер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="кхазакхийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86" title="ಒಂಟೆ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಒಂಟೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%99%ED%83%80" title="낙타 — корейн" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="낙타" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AA%C5%9Ftir" title="Hêştir — курдийн" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hêştir" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kowrvargh" title="Kowrvargh — корнуоллийн" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kowrvargh" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнуоллийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D3%A9" title="Төө — гӀиргӀизойн" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Төө" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="гӀиргӀизойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — латинан" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gameo" title="Gameo — ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Gameo" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Варани — лакский" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Варани" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="лакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Деве — лаьзгийн" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Деве" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лаьзгийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel" title="Camel — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Camel" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupranugariai" title="Kupranugariai — литвахойн" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kupranugariai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвахойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamie%C4%BCi" title="Kamieļi — латышийн" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kamieļi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rameva" title="Rameva — малагасийн" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Rameva" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%B1%D0%B5" title="Тӱе — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Тӱе" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unto" title="Unto — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Unto" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Камила — македонхойн" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Камила" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="ഒട്ടകം — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒട്ടകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%8D" title="Тэмээ — монголийн" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тэмээ" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="उंट — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उंट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unta" title="Unta — малайн" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Unta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ကုလားအုတ် — бирманийн" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကုလားအုတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B5" title="Дуе — эрзянийн" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Дуе" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%90%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%90%D8%B1" title="اِشتِر — мазандеранхойн" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اِشتِر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеранхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kameels" title="Kameels — лахара германхойн" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kameels" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="лахара германхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9F" title="उँट — непалхойн" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="उँट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A5" title="उंथ — неваройн" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="उंथ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неваройн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelen" title="Kamelen — голландхойн" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kamelen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelar" title="Kamelar — норвегийн нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kamelar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвегийн нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kameler" title="Kameler — норвегийн букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kameler" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвегийн букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamela" title="Kamela — къилбаседа сото" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Kamela" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="къилбаседа сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gh%C4%85%CC%81%C4%85%CC%81%CA%BCask%CA%BCidii" title="Ghą́ą́ʼaskʼidii — навахо" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ghą́ą́ʼaskʼidii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="навахо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cam%C3%A8l" title="Camèl — окситанойн" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Camèl" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaala" title="Gaala — оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Gaala" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Теуа — хӀирийн" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Теуа" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="хӀирийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A0" title="ਊਠ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਊਠ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camioe" title="Camioe — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Camioe" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielb%C5%82%C4%85d" title="Wielbłąd — полякийн" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wielbłąd" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полякийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%B9%DA%BE" title="اونٹھ — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اونٹھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%9A" title="اوښ — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوښ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelo" title="Camelo — португалихойн" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Camelo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалихойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamillu" title="Kamillu — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kamillu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odari" title="Odari — влашский цыганский" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Odari" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="влашский цыганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%83mil%C4%83" title="Cămilă — румынийн" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cămilă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Верблюды — оьрсийн" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Верблюды" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="оьрсийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingamiya" title="Ingamiya — киньяруанда" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ingamiya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="киньяруанда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="उष्ट्रः — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="उष्ट्रः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Тэбиэн — якутийн" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тэбиэн" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="якутийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%B4" title="ᱩᱸᱴ — сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱩᱸᱴ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — сицилийн" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caumel" title="Caumel — шотландхойн" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Caumel" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%BA" title="اٺ — синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اٺ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deva" title="Deva — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Deva" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%94%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F" title="ඔටුවා — сингалхойн" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඔටුවා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингалхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camel" title="Camel — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Camel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A4ava" title="Ťava — словакийн" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ťava" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%91%D9%B9%DA%BE" title="اّٹھ — Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="اّٹھ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velblod" title="Velblod — словенийн" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Velblod" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nghamera" title="Nghamera — шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nghamera" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geel" title="Geel — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Geel" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deveja" title="Deveja — албанойн" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Deveja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Камила — сербийн" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Камила" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onta" title="Onta — сунданхойн" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Onta" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kameler" title="Kameler — шведийн" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kameler" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngamia" title="Ngamia — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ngamia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamela" title="Kamela — силезский" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kamela" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="силезский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஒட்டகம் — тамилхойн" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒட்டகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%92%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86" title="ಒಂಟೆ — Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಒಂಟೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%92%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86" title="ఒంటె — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఒంటె" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80" title="Шутур — таджикийн" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шутур" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%90" title="อูฐ — тайн" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อูฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelyo" title="Kamelyo — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kamelyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamel" title="Kamel — ток-писин" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kamel" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ток-писин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deve" title="Deve — туркойн" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deve" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%A9%D1%8F" title="Дөя — гӀезалойн" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Дөя" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="гӀезалойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%8D" title="Дуэ — удмуртийн" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Дуэ" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6ge" title="Töge — уйгурийн" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="Töge" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4" title="Верблюд — украинийн" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Верблюд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D9%B9" title="اونٹ — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اونٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuya" title="Tuya — узбекийн" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tuya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbl%C3%BCdad" title="Verblüdad — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Verblüdad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BA%A1c_%C4%91%C3%A0" title="Lạc đà — вьетнамхойн" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lạc đà" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camelus" title="Camelus — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Camelus" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamo" title="Chamo — валлонойн" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Chamo" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валлонойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamelyo" title="Kamelyo — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kamelyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AA%86%E9%A9%BC" title="骆驼 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="骆驼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Темән — гӀалмакхойн" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Темән" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="гӀалмакхойн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="არქემი — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="არქემი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%9C" title="קעמל — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קעמל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A0k%C3%B9nm%C3%AD" title="Ràkùnmí — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ràkùnmí" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AA%86%E9%A9%BC" title="骆驼 — цийн" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="骆驼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="цийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%CC%8Dk-t%C3%B4" title="Lo̍k-tô — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lo̍k-tô" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A7%B1%E9%A7%9D" title="駱駝 — кантонийн" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="駱駝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонийн" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7375#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Меттанийн йукъара хьажоргаш нисйар" class="wbc-editpage">Хьажоргаш нисйар</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ЦӀерийн меттигаш"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" title="Коьрта агӀонга хьажар [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Йаззам</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80:%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Коьрта агӀонан дийцар (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Дийцар</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Меттан вариант хийца" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">нохчийн</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Хьажарш"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;stable=1"><span>Йеша</span></a></li><li id="ca-current" class="collapsible selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;stable=0&amp;redirect=no" title="ХӀокху талланза хийцамаш болу агӀоне хьажа [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Карара верси</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit" title="ХӀара агӀо тайар [v]" accesskey="v"><span>БӀаьра нисйан</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit" title="АгӀонан йуьхьанцара текст нисйан [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Нисйан</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=history" title="АгӀонан хийцамаш болу журнал [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Истори</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ГӀирсаш агӀонашна"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ГӀирсаш" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ГӀирсаш</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ГӀирсаш</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">агӀонгара панель тӀе йаккха</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">къайла</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Дукха таронаш" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ардамаш </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;stable=1"><span>Йеша</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-current" class="collapsible selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;stable=0&amp;redirect=no"><span>Карара верси</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit" title="ХӀара агӀо тайар [v]" accesskey="v"><span>БӀаьра нисйан</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit" title="АгӀонан йуьхьанцара текст нисйан [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Нисйан</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=history"><span>Истори</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Йукъара </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A5%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%BA%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" title="ХӀокху агӀонан тӀе хьажийна йолу массо агӀонийн могӀам [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Кхуза хьажоргаш</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D1%83%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" rel="nofollow" title="ХӀокху агӀонгахь хьажоргаш йолу, агӀонашна бина тӀаьххьара хийцамаш [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Дихкина нисдарш</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Белхан агӀонанийн могӀам [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Леррина агӀонаш</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;oldid=10100414" title="ХӀокху агӀонан версин тӀе цахийцалун хьажорг"><span>Цахийцалун хьажорг</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=info" title="ХӀокху агӀонах лаьцна хаамаш"><span>АгӀонан хаам</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%88&amp;page=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;id=10100414&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="ХӀара бу хаам агӀонна цитаташ муха йо гойтуш"><span>АгӀонна цитаташ йан</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fce.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AD%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%2588"><span>Схьаэца дацдина URL-адрес</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fce.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25AD%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D1%2588"><span>Схьаэца QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Зорба/экспорт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88"><span>Книга кхолла</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF санна схьаэца</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;printable=yes" title="ХӀокху агӀонан зорбанан верси [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Зорбанан верси</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Кхечу проекташкахь </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Camelus" hreflang="en"><span>Викиларма</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Camelus" hreflang="en"><span>Викиаматаш</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7375" title="Йихкина элементан хьажорг хаамийн репозитори [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викихаамаш чохь</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ГӀирсаш агӀонашна"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Арахьара хатӀ"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Арахьара хатӀ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">агӀонгара панель тӀе йаккха</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">къайла</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle"><span class="cdx-fr-css-icon-review--status--pending"></span><b>Талларе хьожуш</b></indicator></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ХӀара йаззам Википеди чуьра бу — маьрша энциклопеди </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">АгӀонан версин статус</h2><p class="cdx-dialog__header__subtitle">Карара верси</p></div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="ДӀачӀагӀа" onclick="document.getElementById(&quot;mw-fr-revision-details&quot;).style.display = &quot;none&quot;;" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium&#10;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;&#9;cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">ХӀокху версин <a class="external text" href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:Badtitle/Message&amp;action=info#mw-flaggedrevs-action-info-pages-waiting-for-review">хийцам бина кепаш/файлаш</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%90%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Википеди:АгӀонашка хьажар">теллина йу</a>. <a class="external text" href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:Badtitle/Message&amp;stable=1">ЧӀагӀйелла верси</a> <a class="external text" href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88&amp;type=review&amp;page=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:Badtitle/Message">теллина йара</a> <i>2023, 13 ноябрь</i>.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ce" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5870893">.mw-parser-output .ts-Taxonomy-rang-label{text-align:right;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.3em!important;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ts-Taxonomy-rang-name{text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom}.mw-parser-output .ts-Taxonomy-error{color:Dimgray;background-color:Gainsboro;font-size:85%}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ts-Taxonomy-rang-label{width:40%!important}}</style> <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width:275px;" data-name="Таксон"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #FFC0CB;font-size:130%;">Эмкалш</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style=""> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P18" class="no-wikidata"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Эмкал"><img alt="Эмкал" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG/275px-Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="275" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG/413px-Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG/550px-Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span><br /><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P2096" class="media-caption" style="display:block"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Эмкал">Эмкал</a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background: #FFC0CB;font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Биологин систематика">Ӏилманан классификаци</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; border:0;"><div class="NavHead nomobile" style="background-color: transparent; border:0;"><small style="display:block; margin-bottom:-15px;">йуккъера рангаш</small></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Домен:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryota">Эукариоташ</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Дуьне:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Animalia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Animalia (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Дийнаташ</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:#007878">Бухара дуьне:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eumetazoa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eumetazoa (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Eumetazoa</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Ранг йоцу:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilateria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilateria (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Bilateria</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Ранг йоцу:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deuterostomia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deuterostomia (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Deuterostomia</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Тип:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chordata&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chordata (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Chordata</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Бухара тип:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vertebrata&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vertebrata (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Vertebrata</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:#007878">Инфратип:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnathostomata&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnathostomata (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Gnathostomata</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:#007878">ТӀера класс:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrapoda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrapoda (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Tetrapoda</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Класс:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammalia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mammalia (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Mammalia</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:#007878">Бухара класс:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Theria (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Акхарой</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:#6F6F00">Клада:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutheria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutheria (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Eutheria</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:#007878">ТӀера тоба:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurasiatheria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurasiatheria (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Laurasiatheria</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Тоба:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artiodactyla&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Artiodactyla (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Artiodactyla</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Бухара тоба:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tylopoda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tylopoda (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Tylopoda</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Доьзал:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelidae&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelidae (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelidae</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Тайпа:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><b>Camelus</b></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background: #FFC0CB;font-size:110%;">Дуьненайукъара Ӏилманан цӀе</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> <i>Camelus</i> <span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linnaeus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Linnaeus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Linnaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/1758" class="mw-redirect" title="1758">1758</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background: #FFC0CB;font-size:110%;">Кепаш</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="noplainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> <div align="left"> <ul><li><span style="font-style:italic;" lang="LA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus_bactrianus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus bactrianus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus bactrianus</a></span>&#32;—&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бактриан (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">бактриан</a></li> <li><span style="font-style:italic;" lang="LA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus_dromedarius&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus dromedarius (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus dromedarius</a></span>&#32;—&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Дромадер (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">дромадер</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background: #FFC0CB; font-size:90%; line-height:140%;;"><table role="presentation" width="100%" class="plainlinks" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"><tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Camelus"><img alt="Викиларман логотип" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span><br /><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Camelus">Сурт<br />Викилармехь</a></td><td><table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background: #FFC0CB; text-align:left"> <tbody><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:right; width:40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Объединённая таксономическая информационная служба (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">ITIS</a>&#160;&#160;</th><td class="plainlinks" style="vertical-align:middle"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q7375$591A5E9D-5B2C-4CA2-9125-057F31896AD8" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P815"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;search_value=624942">624942</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:right; width:40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Национальный центр биотехнологической информации (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">NCBI</a>&#160;&#160;</th><td class="plainlinks" style="vertical-align:middle"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q7375$BE2EEB21-9DB7-41AA-90B5-D18921A831A5" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P685"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&amp;id=9836">9836</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:right; width:40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Энциклопедия жизни (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">EOL</a>&#160;&#160;</th><td class="plainlinks" style="vertical-align:middle"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q7375$7EACE4D5-26E2-42BC-90FF-067C8CB76133" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P830"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/38902">38902</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:right; width:40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilworks&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fossilworks (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">FW</a>&#160;&#160;</th><td class="plainlinks" style="vertical-align:middle"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q7375$3B24E9E4-99E0-4E94-95C3-82CF185EB8C4" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P842"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&amp;taxon_no=42521">42521</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Эмкалш</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Латинан мотт">лат.</a>&#160;<i><span lang="la">Camelus</span></i>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Оьрсийн мотт">оьрс.</a> <i><span lang="ru">Верблюд</span></i>) — <a class="mw-selflink selflink">эмкалийн</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelidae&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelidae (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelidae</a></span></i>) <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Доьзал">доьзалера</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Шалабергашъерш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">шалабергашйолчеран</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artiodactyla&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Artiodactyla (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Artiodactyla</a></span></i>) тобанера <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ахкаргийн когашдерш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">ахкаргийн когашдолчеран</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelidae&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelidae (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelidae</a></span></i>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бухара тоба (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">бухара тобанера</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Декха дийнаташ (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">декха дийнатийн</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Тайпа (биологи) (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">тайпа</a>. Уьш даккхий дийнаташ ду, дуьненан йекъачу меттигехь даха Ӏемина долу — <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D1%83%D0%BC-%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5" title="ГӀум-аре">гӀум-аренашкахь</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B3%D3%80%D1%83%D0%BC-%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="АхгӀум-аре (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">ахгӀум-аренашкахь</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Аре">аренашкахь</a>. </p><p>Эмкалш шина кепара йу<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>: </p> <ul><li><span style="font-style:italic;" lang="LA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus_bactrianus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus bactrianus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus bactrianus</a></span>&#32;—&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%8A_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Шиъ букъ болу эмкал (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">шиъ букъ болу эмкал</a>, йа <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бактриан (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">бактриан</a>;</li> <li><span style="font-style:italic;" lang="LA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus_dromedarius&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus dromedarius (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus dromedarius</a></span>&#32;—&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%8A_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Цхьаъ букъ болу эмкал (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">цхьаъ букъ болу эмкал</a>, йа <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Дромедар (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">дромедар</a>, йа <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Дромадер (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">дромадер</a>, йа <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ӏарабиян (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Ӏарабиян</a>.</li></ul> <p>ГӀум-аренан бахархоша лакхара мах хадабо эмкалан, цунах олу «гӀум-аренан кема»<sup id="cite_ref-ebse_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ebse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Bactrian_Camel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bactrian_Camel.jpg/250px-Bactrian_Camel.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bactrian_Camel.jpg/375px-Bactrian_Camel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bactrian_Camel.jpg/500px-Bactrian_Camel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="531" /></a><figcaption>Эмкал бактриан</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Dromedary_at_Tierpark_Berlin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Dromedary_at_Tierpark_Berlin.jpg/250px-Dromedary_at_Tierpark_Berlin.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Dromedary_at_Tierpark_Berlin.jpg/375px-Dromedary_at_Tierpark_Berlin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Dromedary_at_Tierpark_Berlin.jpg/500px-Dromedary_at_Tierpark_Berlin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="418" /></a><figcaption>Эмкал Ӏарабиян</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Этимологи"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8"></span>Этимологи</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Нисде дакъа: Этимологи" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="«Этимологи» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Латинан цӀе <i>Camelus</i> схьайаьлла <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Желтойн мотт">желт.</a> <span lang="el"><span style="font-family: palatino linotype, new athena unicode, athena, gentium, code2000, serif; font-size: 105%;">κάμηλος</span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Семитийн меттанаш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">семитийн йукъарчу меттара</a> «гамаль»<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Ӏаьрбийн мотт">Ӏаьр.</a> <span lang="ar" style="font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; line-height: 1em;">جَمَل</span>&#8206;&#8206;, <a href="/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Ӏебархойн мотт">Ӏеб.</a> <span lang="he" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; line-height: 1em;">גמל</span>&#8206;). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Аматаш"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BC.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.88"></span>Аматаш</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Нисде дакъа: Аматаш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="«Аматаш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Йоккхачу эмкалан масса — 500—800 кг, кхес йолучехь локхалла — 210 см. Цхьа дум болу эмкалан бос цӀиегӀо-сира хуьлу, ши дум болчуна — таьӀна-боьра<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Мех курчавый<sup id="cite_ref-ebse_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ebse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Эмкалш йеха 40 шо гергга, Деба хан йолало 2—3 шо кхачарца. Пхоралла хуьлу 13 баттахь цхьа дум болчеран, 14 бутт — ши букъ болчеран<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Camel_Chewing.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Camel_Chewing.JPG/200px-Camel_Chewing.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Camel_Chewing.JPG/300px-Camel_Chewing.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Camel_Chewing.JPG/400px-Camel_Chewing.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Нохьдоккху эмкал</figcaption></figure> <p>Эмкалийн Ӏад санна хьевзина, деха лаг ду, кегийра гоьрго лергаш ду. Эмкалийн 38 церг йу. Лахахь — итт кхела, шиъ кӀомсар, 10 церг, лакхахь — 2 церг, 2 кӀомсар, 12 кхела<sup id="cite_ref-ebse_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ebse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Деха месала бӀаьрган чоьша лардо церан бӀаьргаш гӀамарех, ткъа мераӀуьргаш оьшучу хенахь тӀекъовлало. Эмкалийн бӀаьрса чӀогӀа дика ду: вогӀа стаг царна го цхьа километр генара, йоьду автомобиль — 3—5 километр генара. Царна чӀогӀа дика кхета тӀуналлин хьожа, байдан хьожа йа теза хи 40—60 километр генара, ткъа иштта стиглара догӀанан мархаш, догӀа догӀуче кхача сатуьйсуш оцу агӀора дӀайоьлху. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Camels_in_Dana_Reserve_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Camels_in_Dana_Reserve_02.jpg/220px-Camels_in_Dana_Reserve_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Camels_in_Dana_Reserve_02.jpg/330px-Camels_in_Dana_Reserve_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Camels_in_Dana_Reserve_02.jpg/440px-Camels_in_Dana_Reserve_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3449" data-file-height="2220" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Дана (биосферан резерват) (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Биосферан Дана резерватера</a> эмкалш</figcaption></figure> <p>И декхаш долу дийнаташ дика лов дахаран халонаш луьра, хи доцучу меттигехь. Эмкалийн ду накхан, хьакхолган, голийн ахкаргаш. ДӀаюьжучу хенахь эмкал оцу дакъош тӀе йуьжу догучу латте (70°С кхаччалц)<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> яга ца яйта. Буькъа тӀаргӀа лерина бу дийнан йовхонах а, буьйсанан шелонах а ларйан. Эмкалийн пӀелгаш вовшашца хӀиттаделла ду дийнна цхьа айра деш <sup id="cite_ref-ebse_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ebse-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Шуьйра ши пӀелг болу ког — гӀамарш йа кегийра тӀулгаш тӀехула лелархьама ду. Эмкалашна хьацар ца долу, хьатӀ кӀезиг долу. СадоьӀуш мерӀуьргаш чуьра арайолу тӀуналла гуллало башха хебашкахь, йуха бага йоьду. Эмкал дукха яхало <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8" title="Хи">хи</a> доцуш, шен 40&#160;% дегӀан йозалла йойъу цуо. Цхьана экспериментехь эмкал аьхка 8 дийнахь латтийра хи ца луш, иза 100 кг азъйелира, цул тӀаьхьа цунна хи делчи, цуо 10 минотехь 103 литр хи мйелира, ша яйина 100 кг меттахӀоттош<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Эмкал гӀум-аренашкахь йахаран лерина цхьа хӀума — букъ тӀиера даммарчий ду, хьоналла дӀаюьллуш долу. Даммарчий ша-тайпа «тхьов» бу, эмкалан букъ маьлхан йовхонах Ӏалашбеш. Цул сов, организман йерриг хьоналла букъ тӀехь гулйаро аьтту бо йовхо дика дӀаялийта<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Эмкалаш - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%8C_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%85%D1%83_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Нохь доккху дийнаташ (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">нохь доккху дийнаташ</a> йу. Цара йуу <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Эмкалбуц (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">эмкалбуц</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Сагал-буц (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">сагал-буц</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D3%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Эмкалан баӀ (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">эмкалан баӀ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Саксаул (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">саксаул</a>. Эмкалшка <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Дуьра хи (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">дуьра хи</a> мала ло<sup id="cite_ref-greenagro_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenagro-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Эмкалш тӀуналла Ӏалашйо, хьер чуьра дакъош чохь, цундела хьогалла дика лов; амма хин коьрта хьост ду хьоналла — бӀе грамм хьоналла мустъелчи 107 грамм хи долу (кхин тӀе кӀорамуьста газ а). Цара хи маланза дуккха а хан йаьллехь а, церан цӀий дукъ ца ло. Эмкалаш яхало хи доцуш шина кӀирнах, ткъа йуург йоцуш цхьаьна баттахь<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Амма, шайн тамашийна хьуьнар доллушехь, акха эмкалш тахана дукха халонаш лов хи ца тоьуш. ХӀунда аьлчи гӀум-аренашкахь нах охьаховшу теза хиш долчу, ткъа акха эмкалш, чӀогӀа сема йолуш, адамашна тӀе ца йогӀу. </p><p>Эмкалш чӀогӀа дика нека до, шайна цкъа а Ӏам йа хи ца гинчара а. нека деш кӀеззиг агӀора а таьӀа. </p><p>Эмкалийн йаьржина цамгарш йу <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Трипаносомоз (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">трипаносомоз</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Инфлюэнца (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">инфлюэнца</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Эхинококкоз (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">эхинококкоз</a>, эмкалийн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ӏаьржа ун (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Ӏаьржа ун</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ирз (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">ирз</a><sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эмкалаш_схьайовлар_а,_истори_а"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.BC.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.88_.D1.81.D1.85.D1.8C.D0.B0.D0.B9.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.80_.D0.B0.2C_.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8_.D0.B0"></span>Эмкалаш схьайовлар а, истори а</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Нисде дакъа: Эмкалаш схьайовлар а, истори а" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="«Эмкалаш схьайовлар а, истори а» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Эмкалаш кхоллар а, массашкахь йаржар а хилла <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Плиоцен (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">плиоцен</a> чекхйолуш, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Плейстоцен (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">плейстоцен</a> йолалуш — оцу хенахь хьалхара эмкалан тайпанаш <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paracamelus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paracamelus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Paracamelus</a></i> леш дӀаевлла, йаккхий кепаш <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Эмкалнаш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">эмкалийн</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus</a></span></i>) йукъаевлира. ХӀинцалера эмкалаш йекъа меттигашкара хьолашкахь яхаяларан меженаш (Букъ тӀиера дум, хьерано ша-кепара болхбар, шортта хи малар, иза бахьнехь дуьра даар дезар, йогӀа болар, кхин а), тарло, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Эмкалнаш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">эмкалийн</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelidae&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelidae (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelidae</a></span></i>) эволюцехь дикка тӀаьхьа кхиина. Эмкалаш экама ца хилар бахьнехь и дийнаташ кхин буц йуурш ца яхалочахь еха<sup id="cite_ref-Палео_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Палео-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Aepycamelus_Alticamelus_hharder.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Aepycamelus_Alticamelus_hharder.jpg/200px-Aepycamelus_Alticamelus_hharder.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Aepycamelus_Alticamelus_hharder.jpg/300px-Aepycamelus_Alticamelus_hharder.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Aepycamelus_Alticamelus_hharder.jpg/400px-Aepycamelus_Alticamelus_hharder.jpg 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="412" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Альтикамелус (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Альтикамелус</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aepycamelus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aepycamelus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Aepycamelus</a></span></i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Исторел хьалхара эмкалан тайпа <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Альтикамелус (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Альтикамелус</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aepycamelus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aepycamelus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Aepycamelus</a></span></i>), йаьхна <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Миоцен (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">миоценехь</a> Къилбаседа Америкехь, деха лаг хилла, ткъа букъ тӀехь дуьман метта кӀеззиг тӀебаьлла букъ хилла. </p><p>Схьагарехь, хӀинцалерачарна гергара эмкалш евлла <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Къилбаседа Америка">Къилбаседа Америкехь</a> эмкал тайпанара дийнатех, цигахь йаккхий аренаш <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Саванна (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">саваннакепара</a> ландшафт хилча. Циггахь кхоллайелира эмкалшна йекъачу, луьрачу климатах йоларан анатомин башхаллаш<sup id="cite_ref-Палео_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Палео-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Еврази">Евразин</a> махка шира эмкалш йаьхкина <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Беринган аса (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Беринган асанехула</a>, схьагарехь, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Плиоцен (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">плиоцен</a> чекхйолуш, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Плейстоцен (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">плейстоцен</a> чекхйаллалц<sup id="cite_ref-Ишим_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ишим-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Плейстоценехь Малхбузен Европин махкахь хаалора йоккха <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Кноблохан эмкал (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Кноблохан эмкал</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus_knoblochi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus knoblochi (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus knoblochi</a></span></i>), чӀогӀа гергара йолу хӀинцалерачу шина эмкалах. Тидаме ду, дукха хан йоццуш Россехь <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Ростовн область">Ростовн областехь</a> карийна тӀехдика Ӏалашхилла оцу эмкалан туьта<sup id="cite_ref-Кноблох_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Кноблох-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. ХӀинцалерачех тера, ши дум болу эмкалийн даьӀахкаш, карайора <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="ИйдалтӀие">ИйдалтӀиехь</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Иртыш">Иртышан</a> бердаш тӀехь, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Москохан область">Москохгуонаха</a><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Эмкалаш (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ТергӀан мамонт (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">мамонтца</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D3%80%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ТӀергӀан мармаӀа (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">тӀергӀан мармаӀаца</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Йаккхий маӀаш йолу сай (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">йаккхий маӀаш йолу сайца</a>, кхечаьрца а, цхьаьна могӀара) хилла коьртачарех цхьа векал <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Мамонтан фауна (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">мамонтан фауна</a> олучу дийнатийн, и фауна хилла къилбаседа Евразехь 10—12 эз. шо хьалха тӀаьххьара бина ша дӀабаллалц. Иштта фауна заповедникехь меттахӀотторан проектан («<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Плейстоценан парк (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">плейстоценан парк</a>») йукъадогӀу, кхечаьрца цхбьаьна, ши дум болу эмкалаш ялор цига<sup id="cite_ref-Иртыш_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Иртыш-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="КараӀамор"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D3.80.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.BE.D1.80"></span>КараӀамор</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Нисде дакъа: КараӀамор" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="«КараӀамор» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Camel_Corps_at_the_ready.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Camel_Corps_at_the_ready.jpg/180px-Camel_Corps_at_the_ready.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Camel_Corps_at_the_ready.jpg/270px-Camel_Corps_at_the_ready.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Camel_Corps_at_the_ready.jpg/360px-Camel_Corps_at_the_ready.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>1884 шо, эмкалан корпусан <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BA%27%D1%85&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Сик&#39;х (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">сик'хаш</a> Нилан экспедици йолуш.</figcaption></figure> <p>Эмкалаш караӀамийна вайн эрал 2000 шо хьалха. Уьш уггаре онда мохь лело а, йужу а дийнаташ йу уьш ехачу хьолехь. Эмкалийн уозоран ницкъ лелабо 4 - 25 шарахь, цаьрга бахьало шен йозаллех 50&#160;% мохь. Эмкал дийнахь ягӀало 30—40 км гена йоьдуш<sup id="cite_ref-greenagro_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenagro-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Эмкал беречуьнца дийнахь 100 км а йоьду, йуккъера сихаллин барам 10—12 км/сахьтехь<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Генарчу заманара дуьйна, антикаллера йуккъера бӀешерашка кхаччалц, эмкалаш лелийна эскаршкахь, мохь а, береш а лелош, ткъа тӀеман йукъахь лелош хилла <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ТӀеман эмкалаш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">тӀеман эмкалаш</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Дошлой (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">тӀеман дошлошна йукъахь</a> а, цхьацца а, дукха хьолахь мостагӀ кхеро Ӏалашо йолуш. </p><p>Россехь кхиайо цхьаьна тайпана цхьа дум болу эмкалаш — арвана, кхаа тайпана ши дум болу — гӀалмакхийн, кхазакхийн, монголийн. Уггаре мехала йу гӀалмакхийн тайпанех ерг. </p><p>Даа мега эмкалан жижиг, ткъа иштта шура, цунах до <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Шубат (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">шубат</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Даьтта (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">даьтта</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Нехча">нехчанаш</a>. Дромадер тайпанера шарахь йаьккхина шура 2000 кг кхочу (арванан 4000 кг сов хуьлу), 750 кг хуьлу бактрианийн (кхечу хаамашца, 600—800 кг<sup id="cite_ref-greenagro_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenagro-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>). Цу тӀе шуран хьоналла 4,5 а, 5,4 процент хуьлу<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, ткъа йукъахь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Витамин C (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">витамин C</a> дуккха а лакхара хуьлу бежанан шурехьчул<sup id="cite_ref-greenagro_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenagro-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Лакхара дикалла йолуш къастало эмкалийн <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0" title="ТӀаргӀа">тӀаргӀа</a> (иза мехала бу уьстагӀчул), цуьнца 85&#160;% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%85%D3%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ПухӀ (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">пухӀ</a> хуьлу. Цхьаьна бактрианан 5—10 кг пухӀ лоргу, 2—4 кг дромадеран<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Эмкал лоргу бӀаьста<sup id="cite_ref-greenagro_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenagro-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Яржар"><span id=".D0.AF.D1.80.D0.B6.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Яржар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Нисде дакъа: Яржар" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="«Яржар» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_2.jpg/180px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_2.jpg/270px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_2.jpg/360px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%85" title="Петарбух">Петарбухера</a> Н. М. Пржевальскин иэс.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Cholistani_Camel_Meat_Pulao.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cholistani_Camel_Meat_Pulao.JPG/220px-Cholistani_Camel_Meat_Pulao.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cholistani_Camel_Meat_Pulao.JPG/330px-Cholistani_Camel_Meat_Pulao.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cholistani_Camel_Meat_Pulao.JPG/440px-Cholistani_Camel_Meat_Pulao.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a><figcaption>Пакистанера эмкалан жижигца дина <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Пилу">пилу</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Эмкалаш йаьржина гӀум-аренан а, йекъачу аренийн а зонехь, уьш ца яхало тӀуьна климат йолчу а, лаьмнийн а меттигашкахь<sup id="cite_ref-БСЭ_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="КараӀамор">КараӀамийначу</a> кепара Ширачу Дуьненан ший а тайпа эмкалаш йаьржина <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази">Азин</a> а, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африкин</a> а областашкахь. Дромадераш хуьлу къилбаседа Африкехь 1° къилба шоралле кхаччалц, <a href="/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Ӏаьрбийн ахгӀайре">Ӏаьрбийн ахгӀайрен</a> тӀехь а, <a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Йуккъера Ази">Йуккъера Азехь</a> а. <a href="/wiki/XIX_%D0%B1%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BE" title="XIX бӀешо">XIX бӀешарахь</a> уьш чуялийна хилла <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Австрали">Австрале</a>, цигахь дика йоьлла меттигерчу климатан хьолех, тахана церан барам кхаьчна 50 эзаре. Бактрианаш йаьржина <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Жима Ази">Жимачу Азера</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Маньчжури (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Маньчжуре</a> кхаччалц. Дуьненах йерриг 19 миллион гергга эмкал йу, царех 14,5 миллион йеха Африкехь. Цхьаьна <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Сомали">Сомалихь</a> уьш 7 миллион йу, ткъа луларчу <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Судан">Суданехь</a> — 3,3 миллион. </p><p>Дромадеран акха кепан <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D3%80%D1%83_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ХӀу дар (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">хӀу дайна</a>, хетарехь, вайн эра долалу. Цуьнан уггаре хила тарло даймохк Ӏаьрбийн ахгӀайре йу, амма къевллина къастийна дац иза, хиллий теша церан дай дромадеран акха кеп йа йукъара да бактрианца. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Пржевальский, Николай Михайлович (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Н. М. Пржевальскийс</a> шен азин экспедицехь дуьххьара гучуйаьккхина акха ши дум болу <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ши дум болу эмкалаш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">хаптагайгӀеран</a> эмкалаш хилар, хилар тардолуьйтуш дара, амма къовсаме а дара. Бактрианан акха популяцеш хӀинци а йу <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%BD-%D0%A3%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Синьцзян-Уйгурийн автономин кӀошт (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Синьцзян-Уйгурийн автономин кӀоштахь</a> а, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Монголи">Монголехь</a> а, цигахь кхаа вовшех къаьстинчу популяцешкахь йеха эзар гергга эмкал. Вайн заманахь хьовсу, акха ши дум болу эмкалаш <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Якути">Якутера</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Плейстоценан парк (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">плейстоценан паркан</a> климатах йоларан, хаттаре. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эмкалийн_кепаш"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.BC.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BD_.D0.BA.D0.B5.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.88"></span>Эмкалийн кепаш</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Нисде дакъа: Эмкалийн кепаш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="«Эмкалийн кепаш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Бактрианаш"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.88"></span>Бактрианаш</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Нисде дакъа: Бактрианаш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="«Бактрианаш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:BactrianCamel_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/BactrianCamel_%281%29.jpg/200px-BactrianCamel_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/BactrianCamel_%281%29.jpg/300px-BactrianCamel_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/BactrianCamel_%281%29.jpg/400px-BactrianCamel_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2950" data-file-height="1948" /></a><figcaption>Бактриан</figcaption></figure> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Коьрта йаззам: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ши дум болу эмкал (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Ши дум болу эмкал</a></b></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%99%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Йуккъера Ази">Йуккъера Азехь</a> йеха ши дум болу эмкал <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бактриан (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">бактриан</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus_bactrianus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus bactrianus (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus bactrianus</a></span></i>) караӀамийна адамаша чӀогӀа генарчу заманахь, амма акха бактрианийн нилха реманаш тахана а хаало гӀум-аренашкахь <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Монголи">Монголехь</a> а, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Малхбузен Цийчоь (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Малхбузен Цийчохь</a> а, цигахь уьш балахьогуш йу мала хи ца тоарна, хӀунда аьлчи, адамо гӀум-аре карайерзош дӀалоцу дӀадиллина хин хьосташ. Бахаман ши дум болу эмкалаш лелайо коьртаниг <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Кхазакхстан">Кхазакхстанехь</a> а, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Монголи">Монголехь</a> а, лелайо уьш дромедараш лелочу Ӏалашонна. Шен цӀе бактриан схьайаьлла Йуккъерачу Азера ширачу областах <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бактри (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Бактри</a>, иза цигахь тарло, дуьххьара карайерзийна. </p><p>Акха бактрианаш хаъал кегийра йу цӀахь кхобучарал, ткъа церан кегийра ира бохь болу даммарчий бекъна дикка шуьйрачу нуьйро; хӀусаман бактрианийн даккхий даммарчий дукха хьолахь тӀекелакхаьтна хуьлу, царна йукъахь кӀезиг меттиг йу. Йозаллийца хӀусаман бактрианаш ледара ца хуьлу дромедарел. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Дромедараш"><span id=".D0.94.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.88"></span>Дромедараш</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Нисде дакъа: Дромедараш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="«Дромедараш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Camelus_dromedarius_in_Nuweiba.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Camelus_dromedarius_in_Nuweiba.jpg/200px-Camelus_dromedarius_in_Nuweiba.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Camelus_dromedarius_in_Nuweiba.jpg/300px-Camelus_dromedarius_in_Nuweiba.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Camelus_dromedarius_in_Nuweiba.jpg/400px-Camelus_dromedarius_in_Nuweiba.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Дромедар</figcaption></figure> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Коьрта йаззам: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Цхьа дум болу эмкал (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Цхьа дум болу эмкал</a></b></div> <p>Акха цхьа дум болу эмкалаш <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Дромадер (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">дромедараш</a>&#32;(<i><span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camelus_dromedarius&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camelus dromedarius (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Camelus dromedarius</a></span></i>) хӀокху заманахь ца йисина. Австралин йуккъерчу кӀошташкахь ган тарло акхаевлла, хьалха цига чуйаьхьна цхьа дум болу эмкалаш, уьш тӀехь терго а йоцуш дебаш йу ладаме доза тохаран факторш йоцуш. Ширачу дуьненан шуьйрачу йокъалла а, йовхо а йолчу мехкашкахь дромедараш йу ладаме бахаман дийнаташ, цара лелайо дукха функцеш, дуьненан къаьмнийн оьздангаллехь ладаме роль. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Гибридаш"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B8.D0.B1.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.88"></span>Гибридаш</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Нисде дакъа: Гибридаш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="«Гибридаш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Хила тарло яха таро йолу хьалхарчу чкъоьрера цхьаъ а, шиъ а дум болу эмкалийн гибридаш, царех олу «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Нар (эмкал) (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">нараш</a>»<sup id="cite_ref-greenagro_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greenagro-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эмкал_оьздангаллехь"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.BC.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BB_.D0.BE.D1.8C.D0.B7.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.85.D1.8C"></span>Эмкал оьздангаллехь</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Нисде дакъа: Эмкал оьздангаллехь" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="«Эмкал оьздангаллехь» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:A_camel_with_its_rider_playing_kettle_drums..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Эмкал тӀе а хиина вота йетта адаман сурт" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/A_camel_with_its_rider_playing_kettle_drums..jpg/170px-A_camel_with_its_rider_playing_kettle_drums..jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/A_camel_with_its_rider_playing_kettle_drums..jpg/255px-A_camel_with_its_rider_playing_kettle_drums..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/A_camel_with_its_rider_playing_kettle_drums..jpg/340px-A_camel_with_its_rider_playing_kettle_drums..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Сийлахь Моголийн импери (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Сийлахь Моголийн имперехь</a> вота йетташ эмкалан бере.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Аштаркханан область">Аштаркхнен областера</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Ахтубинск">Ахтубинск</a> гӀалахь, В. И. Ленинан цӀарах йолчу майданахь хӀоттийна <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%85%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0!_%D1%86%D3%80%D0%B5_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Тхо тоьлла! цӀе йолу иэс (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">шина эмкалан Машкин а, Мишкин а иэс</a>, уьш гӀуллакхехь хилла йоккха тоьпан командиран сержант Нестеров Григорийн тӀеман чоьтехь йаккхий тоьпаш ийзош, уьш евлла дуьххьарлерачарех <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%85%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Рейхсканцеляри (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Рейхсканцелярин</a> агӀора.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Эмкалан мохь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Химл (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">химл</a> — йозаллин барам лелош хилла бусалба мехкашкахь. Химлан барам тайп-тайпанчу мехкашкахь чӀогӀа къаьсташ хилла, химлан йукъара барам 250 кг гергга хилла. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Сийлаллашкахь"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B8.D0.B9.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.85.D1.8C"></span>Сийлаллашкахь</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Нисде дакъа: Сийлаллашкахь" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="«Сийлаллашкахь» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table align="right" style="border-style:ridge; border-width:3px; border-color:white; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; margin-top:6px; margin-bottom:6px; margin-left:12px; clear:right;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="white" align="center" valign="middle"> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:IlshatS_Isetskaia_provintsia_gerb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/IlshatS_Isetskaia_provintsia_gerb.jpg/100px-IlshatS_Isetskaia_provintsia_gerb.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/IlshatS_Isetskaia_provintsia_gerb.jpg/150px-IlshatS_Isetskaia_provintsia_gerb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/IlshatS_Isetskaia_provintsia_gerb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:CoA_of_Chelyabinsk_(2000).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/CoA_of_Chelyabinsk_%282000%29.svg/100px-CoA_of_Chelyabinsk_%282000%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/CoA_of_Chelyabinsk_%282000%29.svg/150px-CoA_of_Chelyabinsk_%282000%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/CoA_of_Chelyabinsk_%282000%29.svg/200px-CoA_of_Chelyabinsk_%282000%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="404" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Coat_of_arms_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Coat_of_arms_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Coat_of_arms_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Coat_of_arms_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Chelyabinsk_Oblast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Emblem_of_Eritrea_(or_argent_azur).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Eritrea_%28or_argent_azur%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Eritrea_%28or_argent_azur%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Eritrea_%28or_argent_azur%29.svg/150px-Emblem_of_Eritrea_%28or_argent_azur%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Emblem_of_Eritrea_%28or_argent_azur%29.svg/200px-Emblem_of_Eritrea_%28or_argent_azur%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="591" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table align="right" style="border-style:ridge; border-width:3px; border-color:white; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; margin-top:6px; margin-bottom:6px; border-radius: 9px; -moz-border-radius: 9px; -webkit-border-radius: 9px;; margin-left:12px; clear:right;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="white" align="center" valign="middle"> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Perl_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ce/2/25/Perl_logo.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="155" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="149" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="white" align="center" valign="top"> <td colspan="11"><div style="padding-bottom:3px; width:150px">Эмкал сийлалла йу <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B9%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Программа йаран мотт (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">программа йаран меттан</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Perl&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Perl (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Perl</a>.</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Эмкалан сурт ду цхьацца гӀалийн а, регионийн а хӀосташна а, байракхашна а тӀаьхь, амма <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%83_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Геральдикан йоцу фигураш (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">эмкал геральдикан фигура йац</a>. Эмкал — сийлалла а, эмблема а йу Азин а, Ӏаьрбийчоьнан а, паччахьан Ӏедалан, дахаран ницкъан, собараллин сийлалла. Азин мехкашкахь цуо гайтина ца Ӏа паччахьалла, лакхара схьавалар, амма гойту куралла а, сонталла а<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. Эмкал лелийна <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Исетан провинци (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Исетан провинцин</a> хӀост тӀехь<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, дӀайаьккхина <a href="/wiki/1781_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1781 шо">1781 шарахь</a>. </p><p>ХӀинца эмкал лелайо <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Челябинск">Челябинскан</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (цхьа дум болу, делахь а маса дум бу билггала хууш дац — тӀебоьттина мохь бу) а <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Челябинскан область">Челябинскан областан</a> а (ши дум берг) хӀост а, байракх а тӀехь. <a href="/wiki/1830_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1830 шо">1830 шеран</a> «Российн империн законийн буьззинчу гуламехь» иза иштта кхетийна: «Мохь боьттина эмкалан маьӀна ду, оцу гӀала дукха сурсаташ дар». Иштта, эмкал гойтура йохк-эцар, ткъа оцу хенахь гӀала цуьнца ехаш хилла<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Эмкал иштта <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Эритрей">Эритрейн</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Эритрейн хӀост (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">хӀост тӀехь</a> йу. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ГӀарадаьлла_тиларш"><span id=".D0.93.D3.80.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.8C.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B0_.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.88"></span>ГӀарадаьлла тиларш</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Нисде дакъа: ГӀарадаьлла тиларш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="«ГӀарадаьлла тиларш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Эмкалан таро йу шен дум чуьра мохь мустъеш цунах хи даккха аьлла шуьйра ойла йу йаьржина. Цуьнан агӀончаш тӀетовжу фактан, организмехь 10 грамм мохь мустъелчи кхоллало 10,7 миллилитр хи. ГӀум-аренашка арайолучу эмкалан букъ, масала, 40 кила хуьлу, тӀаккха мохь мустъелчи цуо доккху 43 литр гергга хи. Дикка хи ду иза-м. Амма кхин гучудолу: Нагахь иштта атта хилчи, тӀаккха кхин дийнаташ стенна ца яхало гӀум-аренашкахь? Мохь массеран а ма йу. Гучудаьлла, мохь мустйалийта дукха кислород дезар, ткъа иза хилийта дийнато сиха садаӀа деза. ХӀора са моссазза доккху пехаш чу декъа гӀум-аренан хӀаваъ догӀу, иза дӀадоьду организмера дуьззина тӀуьна. Иза бахьнехь мохьо цхьан кепара гӀо ца до хи латторна, эмкалан букъ пхьегӀа йац хинна. Иза лаьтта мохьан хьесех, шена чохь гулйо энергин ресурс беххачу муьрехь йуург ца хилахь аьлла, йуург кӀезиг хилчи букъ хаъал жимло. Амма цуьнца цхьаьна мохь йукъара хи долу, ткъа иза сацо лакхахь йийцинчу дийнатан организман башхаллаш таро йо. </p><p>Кхин сов бакъ долуш дац хи цхьабосса эмкалан дилхахула декъалуш хетар. Нагахь иштта хилчи, эмкалан организмера дуьхан барам лахара хир бара кхечу дийнатехьчул. Амма хӀинца хаийтина иза бакъ доций. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Оьздангаллехь_гайтар"><span id=".D0.9E.D1.8C.D0.B7.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B5.D1.85.D1.8C_.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.B9.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Оьздангаллехь гайтар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Нисде дакъа: Оьздангаллехь гайтар" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="«Оьздангаллехь гайтар» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 844px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 203px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 198px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Bowl_Depicting_Bahram_Gur_and_Azada,_late_12th-early_13th_century_86.227.11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Бахьрам Гурна а, Азадийн а сурт долу кад, 13 бӀешеран йуьхьиг, Бруклинан музей"><img alt="Бахьрам Гурна а, Азадийн а сурт долу кад, 13 бӀешеран йуьхьиг, Бруклинан музей" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Bowl_Depicting_Bahram_Gur_and_Azada%2C_late_12th-early_13th_century_86.227.11.jpg/168px-Bowl_Depicting_Bahram_Gur_and_Azada%2C_late_12th-early_13th_century_86.227.11.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Bowl_Depicting_Bahram_Gur_and_Azada%2C_late_12th-early_13th_century_86.227.11.jpg/252px-Bowl_Depicting_Bahram_Gur_and_Azada%2C_late_12th-early_13th_century_86.227.11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Bowl_Depicting_Bahram_Gur_and_Azada%2C_late_12th-early_13th_century_86.227.11.jpg/336px-Bowl_Depicting_Bahram_Gur_and_Azada%2C_late_12th-early_13th_century_86.227.11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1131" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Бахьрам Гурна а, Азадийн а сурт долу кад, 13 бӀешеран йуьхьиг, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бруклинан музей (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Бруклинан музей</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 203px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 198px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Vessel_in_the_Form_of_a_Recumbent_Camel_with_Jugs,_2015.65.15.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ТӀехь кхабанаш йолуш йижина эмкалан кепара хин кема, вайн эрал 250 — 224 шо хьалхара, Бруклинан музей"><img alt="ТӀехь кхабанаш йолуш йижина эмкалан кепара хин кема, вайн эрал 250 — 224 шо хьалхара, Бруклинан музей" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Vessel_in_the_Form_of_a_Recumbent_Camel_with_Jugs%2C_2015.65.15.jpg/168px-Vessel_in_the_Form_of_a_Recumbent_Camel_with_Jugs%2C_2015.65.15.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Vessel_in_the_Form_of_a_Recumbent_Camel_with_Jugs%2C_2015.65.15.jpg/252px-Vessel_in_the_Form_of_a_Recumbent_Camel_with_Jugs%2C_2015.65.15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Vessel_in_the_Form_of_a_Recumbent_Camel_with_Jugs%2C_2015.65.15.jpg/336px-Vessel_in_the_Form_of_a_Recumbent_Camel_with_Jugs%2C_2015.65.15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1087" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">ТӀехь кхабанаш йолуш йижина эмкалан кепара хин кема, вайн эрал 250 — 224 шо хьалхара, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бруклинан музей (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Бруклинан музей</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 203px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 198px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Brooklyn_Museum_-_Maru_Ragini_(Dhola_and_Maru_riding_on_a_Camel).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Мару Рагини (Дхола а, Мару а эмкалахь), 1750 шо гергга, Бруклинан музей"><img alt="Мару Рагини (Дхола а, Мару а эмкалахь), 1750 шо гергга, Бруклинан музей" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Maru_Ragini_%28Dhola_and_Maru_riding_on_a_Camel%29.jpg/168px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Maru_Ragini_%28Dhola_and_Maru_riding_on_a_Camel%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Maru_Ragini_%28Dhola_and_Maru_riding_on_a_Camel%29.jpg/252px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Maru_Ragini_%28Dhola_and_Maru_riding_on_a_Camel%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Brooklyn_Museum_-_Maru_Ragini_%28Dhola_and_Maru_riding_on_a_Camel%29.jpg/336px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_Maru_Ragini_%28Dhola_and_Maru_riding_on_a_Camel%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Мару Рагини (Дхола а, Мару а эмкалахь), 1750 шо гергга, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бруклинан музей (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Бруклинан музей</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 203px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 198px; height: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Brooklyn_Museum_-_The_Magi_Journeying_(Les_rois_mages_en_voyage)_-_James_Tissot_-_overall.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Сихьрой новкъахь (Les rois mages en voyage) — Джеймс Тиссо, 1886 шо гергга, Бруклинан музей"><img alt="Сихьрой новкъахь (Les rois mages en voyage) — Джеймс Тиссо, 1886 шо гергга, Бруклинан музей" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Brooklyn_Museum_-_The_Magi_Journeying_%28Les_rois_mages_en_voyage%29_-_James_Tissot_-_overall.jpg/168px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_The_Magi_Journeying_%28Les_rois_mages_en_voyage%29_-_James_Tissot_-_overall.jpg" decoding="async" width="168" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Brooklyn_Museum_-_The_Magi_Journeying_%28Les_rois_mages_en_voyage%29_-_James_Tissot_-_overall.jpg/252px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_The_Magi_Journeying_%28Les_rois_mages_en_voyage%29_-_James_Tissot_-_overall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Brooklyn_Museum_-_The_Magi_Journeying_%28Les_rois_mages_en_voyage%29_-_James_Tissot_-_overall.jpg/336px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_The_Magi_Journeying_%28Les_rois_mages_en_voyage%29_-_James_Tissot_-_overall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1481" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Сихьрой новкъахь (Les rois mages en voyage) — Джеймс Тиссо, 1886 шо гергга, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Бруклинан музей (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Бруклинан музей</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Билгалдахарш"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.88"></span>Билгалдахарш</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Нисде дакъа: Билгалдахарш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="«Билгалдахарш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-БСЭ-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-0">1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-1">2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-2">3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-3">4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-4">5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-5">6</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-6">7</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-7">8</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-БСЭ_1-8">9</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFБСЭ">Верблюды&#160;//&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Большая советская энциклопедия (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Большая советская энциклопедия</a>&#160;: <span class="nowrap">[в 30 т.]</span>&#160;/ гл. ред. <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Прохоров, Александр Михайлович (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">А. М. Прохоров</a></span>.&#160;— 3-е изд.&#160;— <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.&#160;: Советская энциклопедия, 1969—1978.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ebse-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ebse_2-0">1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ebse_2-1">2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ebse_2-2">3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ebse_2-3">4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFЭСБЕ19071890—1907"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a href="https://ce.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4" class="extiw" title="s:ЭСБЕ/Верблюд">Верблюд</a></span>&#32;&#47;&#47;&#32;Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона: В 86 томах (82 т. и 4 доп.).&#160;— <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Санкт-Петербург">СПб.</span>, 1890—1907.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, entry <i>camel (noun)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10442513">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchmidt-Nielsen_B.,_Schmidt-Nielsen_K.1955" class="citation journal cs1">Schmidt-Nielsen B., Schmidt-Nielsen K. (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0006/000690/069080eo.pdf">"The camel, facts and fables"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=UNESCO_Courier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="UNESCO Courier (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">UNESCO Courier</a></i> (8–9): 29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=UNESCO+Courier&amp;rft.atitle=The+camel%2C+facts+and+fables&amp;rft.issue=8%E2%80%939&amp;rft.pages=29&amp;rft.date=1955&amp;rft.au=Schmidt-Nielsen+B.%2C+Schmidt-Nielsen+K.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funesdoc.unesco.org%2Fimages%2F0006%2F000690%2F069080eo.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fce.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0">1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1">2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Гржимек, Бернхард (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Гржимек Б</a></i>. Среди животных Африки. — М.: Мысль, 1973. С.241—244.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-greenagro-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-greenagro_6-0">1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-greenagro_6-1">2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-greenagro_6-2">3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-greenagro_6-3">4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-greenagro_6-4">5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-greenagro_6-5">6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greenagro.ru/verblud_verbludovodstvo.html">Верблюды, Верблюдоводство</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110425011316/http://www.greenagro.ru/verblud_verbludovodstvo.html">Архивйина</a> 2011-04-25 — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Wayback Machine</a> Справочный агросайт</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Палео-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Палео_7-0">1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Палео_7-1">2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>В.В.Титов.</i>&#32;<span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paleorostov.narod.ru/Titov_Paracamelus.pdf">Особенности морфологии и экологии верблюдов рода Paracamelus</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">&#160;<span class="ref-info" title="билгалбаьккхинабоцу маттахь" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; margin-left:0.2em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(бил-боцу.)</span></span>&#32;(PDF).&#32;Южный научный центр РАН, Ростов-на-Дону.&#160;— Современная палеонтология: классические и новейшие методы. М.: ПИН РАН, 2005. с. 161–166.&#32;ТӀекхочу дата: 30 марта 2011.&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65IULQa5Y?url=http://paleorostov.narod.ru/Titov_Paracamelus.pdf">Архивйина</a> 2012 шеран 8 февралехь </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ишим-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Ишим_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paleontologylib.ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000001/st003.shtml">Верхнетретичные млекопитающие Приишимья</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">&#160;<span class="ref-info" title="билгалбаьккхинабоцу маттахь" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; margin-left:0.2em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(бил-боцу.)</span></span>.&#160;— Ю.А.Орлов. В мире древних животных. АН СССР, 1961. Текст книги, глава 2.&#32;ТӀекхочу дата: 31 марта 2011.&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6144e49GA?url=http://paleontologylib.ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000001/st003.shtml">Архивйина</a> 2011 шеран 19 августехь </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Кноблох-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Кноблох_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>В.В.Титов.</i>&#32;<span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.razdory-museum.ru/c_camel.html">Находка черепа древнего верблюда возле станицы Раздорской</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">&#160;<span class="ref-info" title="билгалбаьккхинабоцу маттахь" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; margin-left:0.2em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(бил-боцу.)</span></span>.&#32;Раздорский этнографический музей-заповедник&#32;(2 октября 2010).&#160;— Историко-культурные и природные исследования на территории РЭМЗ. Сборник статей, выпуск 1, 2003 г.&#32;ТӀекхочу дата: 31 марта 2011.&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65IUMNLIF?url=http://www.razdory-museum.ru/c_camel.html">Архивйина</a> 2012 шеран 8 февралехь </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paleontologylib.ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000001/st003.shtml">Верхнетретичные млекопитающие Приишимья</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">&#160;<span class="ref-info" title="билгалбаьккхинабоцу маттахь" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; margin-left:0.2em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(бил-боцу.)</span></span>.&#160;— Ю.А.Орлов. В мире древних животных. АН СССР, 1961. Текст книги, глава 2.&#32;ТӀекхочу дата: 31 марта 2011.&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6144e49GA?url=http://paleontologylib.ru/books/item/f00/s00/z0000001/st003.shtml">Архивйина</a> 2011 шеран 19 августехь </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Иртыш-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Иртыш_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>А.А.Бондарев, Б.Ю.Кассал.</i>&#32;<span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vestnik.osu.ru/2009_6/26.pdf">История и перспективы развития териофауны среднего прииртышья</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">&#160;<span class="ref-info" title="билгалбаьккхинабоцу маттахь" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; margin-left:0.2em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(бил-боцу.)</span></span>&#32;(PDF).&#32;ФГОУ ВПО «Омский государственный педагогический университет».&#160;— Вестник ОГУ, №6/июнь 2009.&#32;ТӀекхочу дата: 31 марта 2011.&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65IUOIuab?url=http://vestnik.osu.ru/2009_6/26.pdf">Архивйина</a> 2012 шеран 8 февралехь </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vahtubinske.ru/news/opisanie_i_razmery_pamjatnika_my_pobedili/2010-02-13-346">ОПИСАНИЕ И РАЗМЕРЫ ПАМЯТНИКА «Мы победили!» — 13 Февраля 2010 — в Ахтубинске — Первый Ахтубинский сайт города</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110902153347/http://www.vahtubinske.ru/news/opisanie_i_razmery_pamjatnika_my_pobedili/2010-02-13-346">Архивйина</a> 2011-09-02 — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Wayback Machine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6144TK6ba?url=http://www.vahtubinske.ru/news/opisanie_i_razmery_pamjatnika_my_pobedili/2010-02-13-346">Архивйина</a> 2011-08-19 at <a href="/w/index.php?title=WebCite&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="WebCite (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">WebCite</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sigils.ru/signs/verblud.html">Символы и знаки: Эмкал</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF:Book-chel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Кеп:Book-chel (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Кеп:Book-chel</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF:Book-chel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Кеп:Book-chel (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Кеп:Book-chel</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chelpress.ru/newspapers/ucourier/archive/06-08-2002/4/a670.html">Почему на гербе города изображен эмкал?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090517053225/http://www.chelpress.ru/newspapers/ucourier/archive/06-08-2002/4/a670.html">Архивйина</a> 2009-05-17 — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Wayback Machine</a> — газета «<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Уральский курьер (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">Уральский курьер</a>», <a href="/w/index.php?title=6_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="6 августа (иштта агӀо йоцуш йу)">6 августа</a> <a href="/wiki/2002" class="mw-redirect" title="2002">2002</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Хьажорагаш"><span id=".D0.A5.D1.8C.D0.B0.D0.B6.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B3.D0.B0.D1.88"></span>Хьажорагаш</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Нисде дакъа: Хьажорагаш" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>бӀаьра нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="«Хьажорагаш» декъаран код нисйан"><span>нисйан</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10106531">.mw-parser-output .ts-Гергара_проекташ{width:19em;box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 0 .5em 1em;padding:.4em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .ts-Гергара_проекташ-header{margin-bottom:.2em;padding:.2em .6em;font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .ts-Гергара_проекташ-item{display:flex;padding:.2em .6em}.mw-parser-output .ts-Гергара_проекташ-image{min-width:24px;display:inline-block;margin-right:.4em;flex:none;vertical-align:top;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ts-Гергара_проекташ-image img{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ts-Гергара_проекташ-label{align-self:center}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .ts-Гергара_проекташ{width:auto;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}}</style><div class="ts-Гергара_проекташ ruwikiWikimediaNavigation tright metadata plainlinks plainlist noprint" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Эмкал:"><div class="ts-Гергара_проекташ-header" id="Эмкал:"><b>Эмкал:</b></div><ul><li class="ts-Гергара_проекташ-item"><span class="ts-Гергара_проекташ-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Notification-icon-Wiktionary-logo.svg/24px-Notification-icon-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Notification-icon-Wiktionary-logo.svg/36px-Notification-icon-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Notification-icon-Wiktionary-logo.svg/48px-Notification-icon-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="30" data-file-height="30" /></span></span></span><span class="ts-Гергара_проекташ-label wiktionary-ref"><a href="https://ce.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB" class="extiw" title="wikt:эмкал">МаьӀна&#160;Викидошамехь</a></span></li><li class="ts-Гергара_проекташ-item"><span class="ts-Гергара_проекташ-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Notification-icon-Commons-logo.svg/24px-Notification-icon-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Notification-icon-Commons-logo.svg/36px-Notification-icon-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Notification-icon-Commons-logo.svg/48px-Notification-icon-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="30" data-file-height="30" /></span></span></span><span class="ts-Гергара_проекташ-label commons-ref"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Camelus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Camelus">Медиафайлаш&#160;Викилармехь</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFЭСБЕ19071890—1907"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a href="https://ce.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4,_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85" class="extiw" title="s:ЭСБЕ/Верблюд, род животных">Верблюд, род животных</a></span>&#32;&#47;&#47;&#32;Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона: В 86 томах (82 т. и 4 доп.).&#160;— <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Санкт-Петербург">СПб.</span>, 1890—1907.</span></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7d89b5d4c4‐vqmcj Cached time: 20241120202915 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.876 seconds Real time usage: 1.112 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 11715/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 272115/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 81290/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 15/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27407/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.557/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7196592/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 6/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 983.009 1 -total 61.20% 601.584 1 Кеп:Таксон 55.20% 542.618 1 Кеп:Карточка 27.45% 269.810 28 Кеп:Wikidata 23.15% 227.529 1 Кеп:Билгалдахарш 19.06% 187.338 133 Кеп:TaxInfo 12.65% 124.322 16 Кеп:Table 12.13% 119.196 8 Кеп:If-wikidata 9.97% 97.977 96 Кеп:Comment 9.25% 90.928 1 Кеп:Cite_journal --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key cewiki:pcache:idhash:7220-0!canonical and timestamp 20241120202915 and revision id 10100414. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Хьост — «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Эмкалш&amp;oldid=10100414">https://ce.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Эмкалш&amp;oldid=10100414</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88" title="ГӀирс:Категореш">Категореш</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Категори:Дийнаташ абатца">Дийнаташ абатца</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88" title="Категори:Ахкаргкогашдерш">Ахкаргкогашдерш</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Категори:Даьхний">Даьхний</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Категори:Дийнаташ лелор">Дийнаташ лелор</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Категори:Библин дийнаташ">Библин дийнаташ</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Къайлаха йолу категореш: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF:Webarchive:Wayback_Machine_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5_%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Категори:Кеп:Webarchive:Wayback Machine тӀе хьажоргаш">Кеп:Webarchive:Wayback Machine тӀе хьажоргаш</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:Cite_web_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0_webcitation-%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2:_deadlink_no)" title="Категори:Википеди:Cite web (хийца webcitation-архив: deadlink no)">Википеди:Cite web (хийца webcitation-архив: deadlink no)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:Cite_web_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86)" title="Категори:Википеди:Cite web (мотт билгалбина бац)">Википеди:Cite web (мотт билгалбина бац)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF:Webarchive:Webcitation.org_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5_%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Категори:Кеп:Webarchive:Webcitation.org тӀе хьажоргаш">Кеп:Webarchive:Webcitation.org тӀе хьажоргаш</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%86%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%83_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Категори:Таксонан латинан цӀеран тӀера дӀасхьажорг йоцу биологийн йаззамаш">Таксонан латинан цӀеран тӀера дӀасхьажорг йоцу биологийн йаззамаш</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:Hatnote:%D0%A6%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Категори:Википеди:Hatnote:ЦӀен хьажорг йолу агӀонаш">Википеди:Hatnote:ЦӀен хьажорг йолу агӀонаш</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5_%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Категори:Викидошам тӀе хьажоргаш йолу йаззамаш">Викидошам тӀе хьажоргаш йолу йаззамаш</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5_%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Категори:Викиларма тӀе хьажоргаш йолу йаззамаш">Викиларма тӀе хьажоргаш йолу йаззамаш</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ХӀокху агӀонна тӀаьххьара хийцамаш бина терахь: 2023, 13 ноябрь шеран, 17:18.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Йозанна тӀекхачало <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike лицензица</a>, цкъацца лела тарло кхин а биллам. Мадарра хьажа <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/ce">кхузахь</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ru">Къайлаха политика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D1%83%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BD%D0%B0">Википедех лаьцна</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%96%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80">Жоьпалла тӀецалацар</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Леларан кодекс</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Кечдархой</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ce.wikipedia.org">Статистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie лаьцна барт</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ce.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Мобиле верси</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-67tlc","wgBackendResponseTime":251,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.876","walltime":"1.112","ppvisitednodes":{"value":11715,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":272115,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":81290,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":15,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":27407,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":6,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 983.009 1 -total"," 61.20% 601.584 1 Кеп:Таксон"," 55.20% 542.618 1 Кеп:Карточка"," 27.45% 269.810 28 Кеп:Wikidata"," 23.15% 227.529 1 Кеп:Билгалдахарш"," 19.06% 187.338 133 Кеп:TaxInfo"," 12.65% 124.322 16 Кеп:Table"," 12.13% 119.196 8 Кеп:If-wikidata"," 9.97% 97.977 96 Кеп:Comment"," 9.25% 90.928 1 Кеп:Cite_journal"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.557","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7196592,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"Loaded datatype string of P935 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype string of P935 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype string of P935 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype external-id of P815 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype external-id of P685 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype external-id of P830 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype external-id of P842 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\nLoaded datatype string of P935 from wikidata, consider passing datatype argument to formatProperty call or to Wikidata/config\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7d89b5d4c4-vqmcj","timestamp":"20241120202915","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u042d\u043c\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0448","url":"https:\/\/ce.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%88","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7375","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q7375","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-11-28T20:47:45Z","dateModified":"2023-11-13T17:18:52Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/88\/Camelus_dromedarius_at_Tierpark_Berlin_%281%29.JPG"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10