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Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%93%D7%9F" title="נילס אידן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נילס אידן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nicolaus Edén – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nicolaus Edén" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="نيلس ادين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيلس ادين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81" title="Эден, Нильс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эден, Нильс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81_%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Нільс Еден – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нільс Еден" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Ed%C3%A9n" title="Nils Edén – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nils Edén" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo 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background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister of Sweden</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />19 October 1917 – 10 March 1920<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_V_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustaf V of Sweden">Gustaf V</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Swartz" title="Carl Swartz">Carl Swartz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1871-08-25</span>)</span>25 August 1871<br /><a href="/wiki/Pite%C3%A5" title="Piteå">Piteå</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">16 June 1945<span style="display:none">(1945-06-16)</span> (aged 73)<br /><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, Sweden</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Coalition_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Coalition Party">Liberal Coalition</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala University</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Nils Edén</b> (25 August 1871 – 16 June 1945) was a <a href="/wiki/Swedish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish people">Swedish</a> historian and liberal politician who served as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister of Sweden</a> from 1917 to 1920,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and along with <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a> acknowledged as co-architect of <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>'s transition from a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a> to a fully <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary democracy">parliamentary democracy</a> with equal male and female suffrage. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Ed%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Edén was born on 25 August 1871<sup id="cite_ref-NatEnc_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NatEnc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Pite%C3%A5" title="Piteå">Piteå</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Norrbotten" title="Norrbotten">Norrbotten</a>, son of a school principal, and graduated from secondary school in <a href="/wiki/Lule%C3%A5" title="Luleå">Luleå</a> before matriculating at <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala University</a> in 1889. He completed his <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a> in 1899 and was made <a href="/wiki/Docent" title="Docent">docent</a> in history at the university the same year. He was a specialist in Swedish 16th and 17th century history, but also published on topics concerning the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Sweden_and_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Union of Sweden and Norway">union of Sweden and Norway</a>. His dissertation, <i>Om centralregeringens organisation under den äldre Vasatiden 1523–1594</i> ("The organization of the central government during the older Vasa period, 1523–1594", 1899), was awarded the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geijer_Prize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geijer Prize (page does not exist)">Geijer Prize</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Uppsala">In Uppsala</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Ed%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In Uppsala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nils Edén became lecturer of history at <a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala University</a> in 1899, extraordinary professor in 1903 and ordinary professor in 1909. He retained his chair until 1920, when he became governor of Stockholm county. In the meantime he was active as a liberal politician, having written on the burning issue of the union with Norway as early as the 1890s, arguing among Uppsala students for the system of <a href="/wiki/Compulsory_military_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Compulsory military service">compulsory military service</a> that was introduced with the abolishment of the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_allotment_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish allotment system">allotment system</a> in 1901, and for <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</a>, an issue that were in his mind and in the political rhetoric of the time connected to that of compulsory military service. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_the_Riksdag">In the Riksdag</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Ed%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In the Riksdag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1908, Edén was elected a member of <a href="/wiki/Andra_kammaren" title="Andra kammaren">Andra kammaren</a> (the second chamber) of the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish parliament">Swedish parliament</a>. He became a member of the parliamentary constitution committee in 1911. In 1912, when the liberal Karl Staaff became prime minister, Edén was made chairman of the liberal group in the Second chamber. After Staaff's death in 1915, Edén emerged as the leader of the liberals. He belonged to the liberal right wing which stood close to the right on defense issues and did not share the view of the many liberals from the temperance and free church movements, whose main representative was <a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_Ekman" title="Carl Gustaf Ekman">Carl Gustaf Ekman</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prime_minister">Prime minister</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Ed%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prime minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regeringen_Ed%C3%A9n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Regeringen_Ed%C3%A9n.jpg/220px-Regeringen_Ed%C3%A9n.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Regeringen_Ed%C3%A9n.jpg/330px-Regeringen_Ed%C3%A9n.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Regeringen_Ed%C3%A9n.jpg/440px-Regeringen_Ed%C3%A9n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1844" data-file-height="1414" /></a><figcaption>Edén (seated, third from right) with most of <a href="/wiki/Ed%C3%A9n_cabinet" title="Edén cabinet">his cabinet</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1918-1919</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Edén led the Liberals to heavy gains in the election of 1917. Between them, the Liberals and Social Democrats held a clear majority in the Second Chamber. Nonetheless, King <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_V_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustaf V of Sweden">Gustaf V</a> invited the liberal-conservative <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Wid%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johan Widén (page does not exist)">Johan Widén</a> to form a government. However, the conservatives were unable to line up enough support to form a government. It was now clear that a king could no longer appoint a government dependent solely on him, nor could he keep it in office against the will of the Riksdag. With no choice but to appoint a Liberal as prime minister, Gustaf invited Edén to form a government. He formed a coalition with the Social Democrats, led by <a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a> who became minister for finance. </p><p>The Edén government promptly arrogated most of the king's executive powers to itself. While the <a href="/wiki/Instrument_of_Government_(1809)" title="Instrument of Government (1809)">Instrument of Government</a> stated that "the King alone shall govern the realm," it was now understood that Gustaf was required to exercise his powers through the ministers and act on their advice. In turn, the ministers were now both politically and legally responsible to the Riksdag. This marked the definitive establishment of parliamentary government in Sweden, though it would not be formally codified until 1974. </p><p>The Edén government finally managed to get a parliamentary majority for <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</a>. The fear of a revolutionary development in Sweden, under the impression of the events in Russia, post-<a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> Germany and elsewhere, created a pressure for further democratization and through a first voting in the parliament, universal suffrage was introduced in 1921. </p><p>The Edén cabinet resigned in 1920, after the issue of joining the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> had been resolved. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="County_Governor">County Governor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Ed%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: County Governor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Edén was appointed <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Stockholm_County" title="Governor of Stockholm County">Governor of Stockholm County</a> which he remained until 1938, but continued as a member of the parliament. His objections against the <a href="/wiki/Prohibition" title="Prohibition">prohibitionist</a> policies of the majority of the party caused him and about a third of the members of liberal group in the parliament to leave the party and create a new party in 1923. </p><p>Edén died on 16 June 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-NatEnc_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NatEnc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Ed%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFÅmakMisgeldMolin1992">Åmak, Misgeld & Molin 1992</a>, p. 447</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRustow1955">Rustow 1955</a>, p. 244</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Sweden.html">"Sweden"</a> (in Swedish). World Statesmen<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden&rft.pub=World+Statesmen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldstatesmen.org%2FSweden.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANils+Ed%C3%A9n" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NatEnc-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NatEnc_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NatEnc_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/nils-eden">"Nils Edén"</a></span> (in Swedish). <a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">Nationalencyklopedin</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nils+Ed%C3%A9n&rft.pub=Nationalencyklopedin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fnils-eden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANils+Ed%C3%A9n" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nils_Ed%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÅmakMisgeldMolin1992" class="citation book cs1">Åmak, Klas; Misgeld, Klaus; Molin, Karl (1992) [1988]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bbFpEU-FfbAC"><i>Creating Social Democracy: A Century of the Social Democratic Labor Party in Sweden</i></a>. Pennsylvania State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-2710-4344-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-2710-4344-9"><bdi>978-0-2710-4344-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Creating+Social+Democracy%3A+A+Century+of+the+Social+Democratic+Labor+Party+in+Sweden&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-2710-4344-9&rft.aulast=%C3%85mak&rft.aufirst=Klas&rft.au=Misgeld%2C+Klaus&rft.au=Molin%2C+Karl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbbFpEU-FfbAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANils+Ed%C3%A9n" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i>, Vol. 6 (1907), col. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbf/0721.html">1342</a>, and Vol. 35, col. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfco/0239.html">442 ff</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRustow1955" class="citation book cs1">Rustow, Dankwart A. (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YULWCgAAQBAJ"><i>The Politics of Compromise</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-7858-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-7858-1"><bdi>978-1-4008-7858-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Compromise&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1955&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-7858-1&rft.aulast=Rustow&rft.aufirst=Dankwart+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYULWCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANils+Ed%C3%A9n" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Swartz" title="Carl Swartz">Carl Swartz</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Prime Minister of Sweden</a> </b><br />1917–1920 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Hjalmar Branting</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Petersson" title="Alfred Petersson">Alfred Petersson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Stockholm_Governors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Stockholm Governors">Governor of Stockholm County</a> </b><br />1920-1938 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Levinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Levinson (page does not exist)">Karl 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title="Louis Gerhard De Geer">De Geer Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvid_Posse" title="Arvid Posse">Posse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Johan_Thyselius" title="Carl Johan Thyselius">Thyselius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Themptander" title="Robert Themptander">Themptander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillis_Bildt" title="Gillis Bildt">G. Bildt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_%C3%85kerhielm" title="Gustaf Åkerhielm">Åkerhielm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Gustaf_Bostr%C3%B6m" title="Erik Gustaf Boström">Boström</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fredrik_von_Otter" title="Fredrik von Otter">von Otter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Gustaf_Bostr%C3%B6m" title="Erik Gustaf Boström">Boström</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Ramstedt" title="Johan Ramstedt">Ramstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Lundeberg" title="Christian Lundeberg">Lundeberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Staaff" title="Karl Staaff">Staaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvid_Lindman" title="Arvid Lindman">Lindman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Staaff" title="Karl Staaff">Staaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld" title="Hjalmar Hammarskjöld">Hammarskjöld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Swartz" title="Carl Swartz">Swartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nils_Eden" class="mw-redirect" title="Nils Eden">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Louis_De_Geer" title="Gerhard Louis De Geer">De Geer Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_von_Sydow" title="Oscar von Sydow">von Sydow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Trygger" title="Ernst Trygger">Trygger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickard_Sandler" title="Rickard Sandler">Sandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_Ekman" title="Carl Gustaf Ekman">Ekman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvid_Lindman" title="Arvid Lindman">Lindman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_Ekman" title="Carl Gustaf Ekman">Ekman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Hamrin" title="Felix Hamrin">Hamrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Albin_Hansson" title="Per Albin Hansson">Hansson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axel_Pehrsson-Bramstorp" title="Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp">Pehrsson-Bramstorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Albin_Hansson" title="Per Albin Hansson">Hansson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tage_Erlander" title="Tage Erlander">Erlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/53px-Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Basic_Laws_of_Sweden#Instrument_of_Government" title="Basic Laws of Sweden">1974 Instrument of Government <br />(1975–present)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorbj%C3%B6rn_F%C3%A4lldin" title="Thorbjörn Fälldin">Fälldin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ola_Ullsten" title="Ola Ullsten">Ullsten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorbj%C3%B6rn_F%C3%A4lldin" title="Thorbjörn Fälldin">Fälldin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Carlsson" title="Ingvar Carlsson">Carlsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Bildt" title="Carl Bildt">C. Bildt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingvar_Carlsson" title="Ingvar Carlsson">Carlsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ran_Persson" title="Göran Persson">Persson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Reinfeldt" title="Fredrik Reinfeldt">Reinfeldt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_L%C3%B6fven" title="Stefan Löfven">Löfven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Andersson" title="Magdalena Andersson">Andersson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulf_Kristersson" title="Ulf Kristersson">Kristersson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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