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href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Hindŵaeth rootpage-Hindŵaeth skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Neidio i'r cynnwys</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prif ddewislen" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Prif ddewislen </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Prif ddewislen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Panel llywio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hafan" title="Ymweld â'r Hafan [z]" accesskey="z">Hafan</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Porth_y_Gymuned" title="Pethau i'w gwneud, adnoddau a thudalennau'r gymuned">Porth y Gymuned</a></li><li id="n-cafe" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Y_Caffi">Y Caffi</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categori:Materion_cyfoes" title="Gwybodaeth yn gysylltiedig â materion cyfoes">Materion cyfoes</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChanges" title="Rhestr y newidiadau diweddar ar y wici. [r]" accesskey="r">Newidiadau diweddar</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Random" title="Llwytho tudalen ar hap [x]" accesskey="x">Erthygl ar hap</a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Cymorth" title="Tudalennau cymorth">Cymorth</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hafan" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wicipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cy.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cy.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Chwilio </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Chwilio Wicipedia" aria-label="Chwilio Wicipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Arbennig:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Chwilio</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Offer personol"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Newidiwch ymddangosiad maint ffont, lled a lliw y dudalen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gwedd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Gwedd </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy" class="">Rhoi</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol" class="">Creu cyfrif</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Mewngofnodi</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Offer personol" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Offer personol </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dewislen defnyddiwr" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy">Rhoi</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol"> Creu cyfrif</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o"> Mewngofnodi</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tudalennau ar gyfer golygyddion allgofnodedig <a href="/wiki/Cymorth:Cyflwyniad" aria-label="Dysgu mwy am olygu">dysgu mwy</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyContributions" title="Rhestr golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [y]" accesskey="y">Cyfraniadau</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyTalk" title="Sgwrs ynglŷn â golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [n]" accesskey="n">Sgwrs</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cynnwys" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cynnwys</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Y dechrau</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Yn_fyr" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yn_fyr"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Yn fyr </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yn_fyr-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diffiniadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diffiniadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Diffiniadau </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Diffiniadau-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Diffiniadau </button> <ul id="toc-Diffiniadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diffiniadau_cyfreithiol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diffiniadau_cyfreithiol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Diffiniadau cyfreithiol </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diffiniadau_cyfreithiol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barn_ysgolheigaidd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barn_ysgolheigaidd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Barn ysgolheigaidd </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barn_ysgolheigaidd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amrywiaeth_ac_undod" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amrywiaeth_ac_undod"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Amrywiaeth ac undod </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Amrywiaeth_ac_undod-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Amrywiaeth ac undod </button> <ul id="toc-Amrywiaeth_ac_undod-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Amrywiaeth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amrywiaeth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Amrywiaeth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amrywiaeth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Undod" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Undod"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Undod </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Undod-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Credoau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Credoau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Credoau </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Credoau-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Credoau </button> <ul id="toc-Credoau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Purusharthas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Purusharthas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Purusharthas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Purusharthas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dharma_(cyfiawnder,_moeseg)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dharma_(cyfiawnder,_moeseg)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Dharma (cyfiawnder, moeseg) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dharma_(cyfiawnder,_moeseg)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artha_(bywoliaeth,_cyfoeth)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artha_(bywoliaeth,_cyfoeth)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 Artha (bywoliaeth, cyfoeth) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artha_(bywoliaeth,_cyfoeth)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kāma_(pleser_y_synhwyrau)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kāma_(pleser_y_synhwyrau)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.3 Kāma (pleser y synhwyrau) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kāma_(pleser_y_synhwyrau)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mokṣa_(rhyddhad,_rhyddid_rhag_saṃsāra)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mokṣa_(rhyddhad,_rhyddid_rhag_saṃsāra)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.4 Mokṣa (rhyddhad, rhyddid rhag saṃsāra) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mokṣa_(rhyddhad,_rhyddid_rhag_saṃsāra)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karma_a_saṃsāra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karma_a_saṃsāra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Karma a saṃsāra </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Karma_a_saṃsāra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Y_cysyniad_o_Dduw" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Y_cysyniad_o_Dduw"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Y cysyniad o Dduw </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Y_cysyniad_o_Dduw-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prif_draddodiadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prif_draddodiadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Prif draddodiadau </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prif_draddodiadau-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Prif draddodiadau </button> <ul id="toc-Prif_draddodiadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Enwadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enwadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Enwadau </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enwadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arferion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arferion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Arferion </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arferion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Arferion </button> <ul id="toc-Arferion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Defodau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defodau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Defodau </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defodau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gwyliau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gwyliau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Gwyliau </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gwyliau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pererindota" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pererindota"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Pererindota </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pererindota-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diwylliant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diwylliant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Diwylliant </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diwylliant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Darllen_pellach" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Darllen_pellach"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Darllen pellach </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Darllen_pellach-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gweler_hefyd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gweler_hefyd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Gweler hefyd </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gweler_hefyd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyfeiriadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyfeiriadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Cyfeiriadau </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyfeiriadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dolenni_allanol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dolenni_allanol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Dolenni allanol </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dolenni_allanol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cynnwys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toglo'r tabl cynnwys" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toglo'r tabl cynnwys </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Hindŵaeth</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ewch i erthygl mewn iaith arall. Ar gael mewn 220 iaith" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-220" aria-hidden="true" > 220 iaith </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme - Affricaneg" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hindoeïsme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Affricaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Almaeneg y Swistir" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg y Swistir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%82%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B1_%E1%88%83%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%96%E1%89%B5" title="የሂንዱ ሃይማኖት - Amhareg" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የሂንዱ ሃይማኖት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Aragoneg" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Hen Saesneg" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Hen Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिन्दू धर्म - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हिन्दू धर्म" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الهندوسية - Arabeg" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الهندوسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="هندوسية - Arabeg Moroco" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="هندوسية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arabeg Moroco" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%87" title="هندوسيه - Arabeg yr Aifft" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هندوسيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arabeg yr Aifft" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="হিন্দু ধৰ্ম - Asameg" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হিন্দু ধৰ্ম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asameg" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismu" title="Hinduismu - Astwrianeg" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hinduismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Astwrianeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindudarmeva" title="Sindudarmeva - Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Sindudarmeva" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिन्दू धर्म - Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हिन्दू धर्म" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizm" title="Hinduizm - Aserbaijaneg" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hinduizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaijaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="هندوئیسم - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هندوئیسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Bashcorteg" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashcorteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Hindu" title="Agama Hindu - Balïeg" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Agama Hindu" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balïeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo%C4%97zmos" title="Indoėzmos - Samogiteg" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Indoėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogiteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu - Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Hindu" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Toba</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Індуізм - Belarwseg" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Індуізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Індуізм - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Індуізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Индуизъм - Bwlgareg" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Индуизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bwlgareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिंदू धर्म - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हिंदू धर्म" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu - Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Hindu" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%B0%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="ဟေင်ဒူဘာႏသာႏ - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဟေင်ဒူဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="হিন্দুধর্ম - Bengaleg" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিন্দুধর্ম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧིན་ཏུའི་ཆོས་ལུགས། - Tibeteg" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧིན་ཏུའི་ཆོས་ལུགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibeteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4" title="হিন্দু লিচেত - Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="হিন্দু লিচেত" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindouegezh" title="Hindouegezh - Llydaweg" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hindouegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Llydaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizam" title="Hinduizam - Bosnieg" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hinduizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Hindu" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Энэдхэгэй шажан - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Энэдхэгэй шажан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisme" title="Hinduisme - Catalaneg" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hinduisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89ng-d%C3%B4-g%C3%A1u" title="Éng-dô-gáu - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Éng-dô-gáu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="ХӀиндуизм - Tsietsieneg" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ХӀиндуизм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsietsieneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induwismo" title="Induwismo - Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Induwismo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ھیندوویزم - Cwrdeg Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھیندوویزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Cwrdeg Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induisimu" title="Induisimu - Corseg" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Induisimu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nduizm" title="İnduizm - Tyrceg y Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İnduizm" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg y Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Tsieceg" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsieceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Tshwfasheg" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tshwfasheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisme" title="Hinduisme - Daneg" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hinduisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Almaeneg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizm" title="Hinduizm - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hinduizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिन्दू धर्म - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="हिन्दू धर्म" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%80%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%8B%DE%AB%DE%8B%DE%A9%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ހިންދޫދީން - Difehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހިންދޫދީން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Difehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ινδουισμός - Groeg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ινδουισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Groeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Saesneg" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dda"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Sbaeneg" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Estoneg" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Basgeg" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induismu" title="Induismu - Extremadureg" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Induismu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremadureg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="هندوئیسم - Perseg" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هندوئیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinndu" title="Hinndu - Ffwla" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Hinndu" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Ffwla" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindulaisuus" title="Hindulaisuus - Ffinneg" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hindulaisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Ffinneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisma" title="Hinduisma - Ffaröeg" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Hinduisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Ffaröeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindouisme" title="Hindouisme - Ffrangeg" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hindouisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Ffrangeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hind%C3%B4ismo" title="Hindôismo - Arpitaneg" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Hindôismo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Ffriseg Gogleddol" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induisim" title="Induisim - Ffriwleg" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Induisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Ffriwleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme - Ffriseg y Gorllewin" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hindoeïsme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg y Gorllewin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Hiond%C3%BAchas" title="An Hiondúchas - Gwyddeleg" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Hiondúchas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Gwyddeleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教 - Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="印度教" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endouism" title="Endouism - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Endouism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hionduthachd" title="Hionduthachd - Gaeleg yr Alban" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Hionduthachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaeleg yr Alban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu%C3%ADsmo" title="Hinduísmo - Galisieg" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hinduísmo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indu_jerovia" title="Indu jerovia - Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Indu jerovia" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिंदू धर्म - Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="हिंदू धर्म" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitara" title="Pitara - Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Pitara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 - Gotheg" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%81_%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE" title="હિંદુ ધર્મ - Gwjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હિંદુ ધર્મ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gwjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="הינדואיזם - Hebraeg" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הינדואיזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebraeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिन्दू धर्म - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिन्दू धर्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizam" title="Hinduizam - Croateg" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hinduizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endouyis" title="Endouyis - Creol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Endouyis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizmus" title="Hinduizmus - Hwngareg" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hinduizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hwngareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Հինդուիզմ - Armeneg" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հինդուիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Հինտուիզմ - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հինտուիզմ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu - Ibaneg" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Hindu" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Ibaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Hindu" title="Agama Hindu - Indoneseg" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Agama Hindu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisme" title="Hinduisme - Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Hinduisme" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okpukpe_Hindu" title="Okpukpe Hindu - Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Okpukpe Hindu" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Ilocaneg" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Ilocaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="ХӀиндий ди - Ingwsieg" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ХӀиндий ди" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingwsieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hind%C3%BAasi%C3%B0ur" title="Hindúasiður - Islandeg" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hindúasiður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induismo" title="Induismo - Eidaleg" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Induismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Eidaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E6%95%99" title="ヒンドゥー教 - Japaneeg" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒンドゥー教" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induizim" title="Induizim - Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Induizim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jda%27indu" title="jda'indu - Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jda'indu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindhu" title="Hindhu - Jafanaeg" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hindhu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jafanaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ინდუიზმი - Georgeg" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინდუიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induizm" title="Induizm - Cara-Calpaceg" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Induizm" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Cara-Calpaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%90nduuyisim" title="Ɛnduuyisim - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ɛnduuyisim" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Casacheg" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Casacheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6" title="ហិណ្ឌូសាសនា - Chmereg" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ហិណ្ឌូសាសនា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Chmereg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%82_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಹಿಂದೂ ಧರ್ಮ - Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಿಂದೂ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9E%8C%EB%91%90%EA%B5%90" title="힌두교 - Coreeg" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="힌두교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A0%D9%86%D9%9B%D8%AF%D8%A0_%D8%AF%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%95%D9%85" title="ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم - Cashmireg" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ہؠنٛدؠ دَرٕم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Cashmireg" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu%C3%AEzm" title="Hinduîzm - Cwrdeg" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hinduîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Cwrdeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoueth" title="Hindoueth - Cernyweg" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Hindoueth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cernyweg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Cirgiseg" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Cirgiseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Lladin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Lladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induizmo" title="Induizmo - Iddew-Sbaeneg" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Induizmo" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Iddew-Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Lwcsembwrgeg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lwcsembwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Lezgheg" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induisme" title="Induisme - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Induisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme - Limbwrgeg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Hindoeïsme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limbwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induiximo" title="Induiximo - Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Induiximo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induism" title="Induism - Lombardeg" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Induism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%9C%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1" title="ສາສະໜາພາມ - Laoeg" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສາສະໜາພາມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laoeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizmas" title="Hinduizmas - Lithwaneg" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hinduizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithwaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dda"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisms" title="Hinduisms - Latfieg" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hinduisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latfieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिन्दू धर्म - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="हिन्दू धर्म" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Hindu" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Индуизмась - Mocsia" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Индуизмась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mocsia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoisma" title="Hindoisma - Malagaseg" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hindoisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagaseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agamo_Hindu" title="Agamo Hindu - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Agamo Hindu" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Хиндуизам - Macedoneg" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хиндуизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="ഹിന്ദുമതം - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹിന്ദുമതം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%AF_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Хиндү шашин - Mongoleg" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хиндү шашин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A8_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1" title="ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ - Manipwri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipwri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%92%E1%80%B0" title="ဟိန္ဒူ - Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဟိန္ဒူ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target">ဘာသာမန်</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिंदू धर्म - Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हिंदू धर्म" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisme" title="Hinduisme - Maleieg" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hinduisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A6indui%C5%BCmu" title="Ħinduiżmu - Malteg" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ħinduiżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu%C3%ADsmo" title="Hinduísmo - Mirandeg" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Hinduísmo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%92%E1%80%B0%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC" title="ဟိန္ဒူဘာသာ - Byrmaneg" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟိန္ဒူဘာသာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Byrmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="هندو دین - Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هندو دین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismus" title="Hinduismus - Almaeneg Isel" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hinduismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg Isel" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme - Sacsoneg Isel" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Hindoeïsme" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Sacsoneg Isel" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिन्दु धर्म - Nepaleg" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हिन्दु धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिन्दू धर्म - Newaeg" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="हिन्दू धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme - Iseldireg" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hindoeïsme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Iseldireg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismen" title="Hinduismen - Norwyeg Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hinduismen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisme" title="Hinduisme - Norwyeg Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hinduisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AEndou%C3%AFsme" title="Hîndouïsme - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Hîndouïsme" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo%C3%AFsme" title="Indoïsme - Ocsitaneg" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Indoïsme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ocsitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindulai%C5%BEus" title="Hindulaižus - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Hindulaižus" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%81_%E0%AC%A7%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AE" title="ହିନ୍ଦୁ ଧର୍ମ - Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହିନ୍ଦୁ ଧର୍ମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Oseteg" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Oseteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE" title="ਹਿੰਦੂ ਧਰਮ - Pwnjabeg" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਿੰਦੂ ਧਰਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pwnjabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induismu" title="Induismu - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Induismu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindouisme" title="Hindouisme - Picardeg" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Hindouisme" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="हिंदू धर्म - Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="हिंदू धर्म" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizm" title="Hinduizm - Pwyleg" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hinduizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pwyleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induism" title="Induism - Piedmonteg" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Induism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmonteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="ہندو مت - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہندو مت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="هندويزم - Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هندويزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu%C3%ADsmo" title="Hinduísmo - Portiwgaleg" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hinduísmo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portiwgaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inriya_i%C3%B1iy" title="Inriya iñiy - Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Inriya iñiy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduissem" title="Hinduissem - Románsh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Hinduissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Románsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindipen" title="Hindipen - Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Hindipen" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Rwmaneg" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rwmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Rwseg" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Індуїзм - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Індуїзм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umuhindo" title="Umuhindo - Ciniarŵandeg" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umuhindo" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Ciniarŵandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%83" title="हिन्दूधर्मः - Sansgrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="हिन्दूधर्मः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sansgrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Индуизм - Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Индуизм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A9" title="ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ - Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innuismu" title="Innuismu - Sisileg" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Innuismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisileg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Sgoteg" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Sgoteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%DA%8C%D8%B1%D9%85" title="هندوڌرم - Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هندوڌرم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindula%C5%A1vuohta" title="Hindulašvuohta - Sami Gogleddol" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Hindulašvuohta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizam" title="Hinduizam - Serbo-Croateg" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hinduizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%B8%E1%81%A2%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%82%81%E1%80%AD%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%80%B0%E1%82%87" title="ၸၢဝ်းႁိၼ်ႇတူႇ - Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၸၢဝ်းႁိၼ်ႇတူႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA" title="හින්දු ධර්මය - Sinhaleg" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හින්දු ධර්මය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizmus" title="Hinduizmus - Slofaceg" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hinduizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slofaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="ھندو مت - Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ھندو مت" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizem" title="Hinduizem - Slofeneg" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hinduizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slofeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu - Samöeg" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Hindu" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samöeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhindu" title="Uhindu - Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Uhindu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindusam" title="Hindusam - Somaleg" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hindusam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizmi" title="Hinduizmi - Albaneg" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hinduizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dda"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Хиндуизам - Serbeg" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хиндуизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu" title="Hindu - Swndaneg" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hindu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Swndaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism - Swedeg" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhindu" title="Uhindu - Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uhindu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இந்து சமயம் - Tamileg" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இந்து சமயம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamileg" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%82_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಹಿಂದೂ ಧರ್ಮ - Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಹಿಂದೂ ಧರ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%82" title="హిందూధర్మం - Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హిందూధర్మం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ҳиндуия - Tajiceg" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳиндуия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajiceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9" title="ศาสนาฮินดู - Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสนาฮินดู" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induizm" title="Induizm - Tyrcmeneg" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Induizm" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Tyrcmeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduisim" title="Hinduisim - Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Hinduisim" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduizm" title="Hinduizm - Tyrceg" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hinduizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuhindu" title="Vuhindu - Tsongaeg" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vuhindu" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsongaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Һинд дине - Tatareg" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һинд дине" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D1%85%D3%A9%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B3_%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Индияның хөй арынныг бурганнары - Twfwnieg" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Индияның хөй арынныг бурганнары" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Twfwnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%89%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%86%D9%89" title="ھىندى دىنى - Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ھىندى دىنى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%97%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Індуїзм - Wcreineg" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Індуїзм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Wcreineg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="ہندو مت - Wrdw" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہندو مت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Wrdw" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduiylik" title="Hinduiylik - Wsbeceg" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hinduiylik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Wsbeceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induismo" title="Induismo - Feniseg" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Induismo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Feniseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induizm" title="Induizm - Feps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Induizm" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Feps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%A4n_%C4%90%E1%BB%99_gi%C3%A1o" title="Ấn Độ giáo - Fietnameg" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ấn Độ giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Fietnameg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indouwisse" title="Indouwisse - Walwneg" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Indouwisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walwneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismo" title="Hinduismo - Winarayeg" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hinduismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Winarayeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教 - Wu Tsieineaidd" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="印度教" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tsieineaidd" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ინდუიზმი - Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ინდუიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="הינדואיזם - Iddew-Almaeneg" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="הינדואיזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Iddew-Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8%CC%80s%C3%ACn_Hinduism" title="Ẹ̀sìn Hinduism - Iorwba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹ̀sìn Hinduism" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Iorwba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yindugyau" title="Yindugyau - Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yindugyau" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%80%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜ - Tamaseit Moroco Safonol" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵀⵉⵏⴷⵓⵙⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamaseit Moroco Safonol" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教 - Tsieinëeg" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印度教" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tsieinëeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教 - Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="印度教" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cn-t%C5%8D%CD%98-k%C3%A0u" title="Ìn-tō͘-kàu - Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ìn-tō͘-kàu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教 - Cantoneeg" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="印度教" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantoneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UbuHindu" title="UbuHindu - Swlw" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UbuHindu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Swlw" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9089#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Golygu dolenni rhyngwici" class="wbc-editpage">Golygu dolenni</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Parthau"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Gweld y dudalen bwnc [c]" accesskey="c">Erthygl</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sgwrs:Hind%C5%B5aeth" rel="discussion" title="Sgwrsio am y dudalen [t]" accesskey="t">Sgwrs</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Newid amrywiad iaith" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Cymraeg </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Golygon"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hind%C5%B5aeth">Darllen</a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v">Golygu</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e">Golygu cod</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=history" title="Fersiynau cynt o'r dudalen hon. 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data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Blwch offer</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gweithredoedd </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hind%C5%B5aeth">Darllen</a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v">Golygu</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e">Golygu cod</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=history">Gweld hanes</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cyffredinol </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:WhatLinksHere/Hind%C5%B5aeth" title="Rhestr o bob tudalen sy'n cysylltu â hon [j]" accesskey="j">Beth sy'n cysylltu yma</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChangesLinked/Hind%C5%B5aeth" rel="nofollow" title="Newidiadau diweddar i dudalennau sydd yn cysylltu â hon [k]" accesskey="k">Newidiadau perthnasol</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:SpecialPages" title="Rhestr o'r holl dudalennau arbennig [q]" accesskey="q">Tudalennau arbennig</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&oldid=13132755" title="Dolen barhaol i'r fersiwn hwn y dudalen hon">Dolen barhaol</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=info" title="Mwy o wybodaeth am y dudalen hon">Gwybodaeth am y dudalen</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CiteThisPage&page=Hind%C5%B5aeth&id=13132755&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Gwybodaeth ar sut i gyfeirio at y dudalen hon">Cyfeirio at y dudalen hon</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHind%25C5%25B5aeth">Cael URL byr</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHind%25C5%25B5aeth">Lawrlwytho cod QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Argraffu / allforio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Hind%C5%B5aeth">Llunio llyfr</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=show-download-screen">Lawrlwytho fel PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&printable=yes" title="Cynhyrchwch fersiwn o'r dudalen yn barod at ei hargraffu [p]" accesskey="p">Fersiwn argraffu</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mewn prosiectau eraill </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hinduism" hreflang="en">Comin Wikimedia</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9089" title="Cysylltu i eitem ystorfa gysylltiedig [g]" accesskey="g">Eitem Wicidata</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gwedd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Oddi ar Wicipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cy" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><caption>Hindŵaeth</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:A_Hindu_wedding_ritual_in_progress_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/A_Hindu_wedding_ritual_in_progress_b.jpg/220px-A_Hindu_wedding_ritual_in_progress_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/A_Hindu_wedding_ritual_in_progress_b.jpg/330px-A_Hindu_wedding_ritual_in_progress_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/A_Hindu_wedding_ritual_in_progress_b.jpg/440px-A_Hindu_wedding_ritual_in_progress_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><div>Defod briodasol</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Enghraifft o'r canlynol</th><td><a href="/wiki/Crefydd" title="Crefydd">crefydd</a>, grwp crefyddol mawr, ffordd o fyw, <a href="/wiki/Diwylliant" title="Diwylliant">diwylliant</a>, exonym <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P31" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Math</th><td>crefyddau India, crefydd y werin, crefydd y wladwriaeth <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P279" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Dechrau/Sefydlu</th><td>Unknown <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P571" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Rhagflaenwyd gan</th><td>Historical Vedic religion <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P155" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Olynwyd gan</th><td><a href="/wiki/Bwdhaeth" title="Bwdhaeth">Bwdhaeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jainiaeth" title="Jainiaeth">Jainiaeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siciaeth" title="Siciaeth">Siciaeth</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P156" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Lleoliad</th><td>ledled y byd <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P276" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Yn cynnwys</th><td>enwad Hindwaidd <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P527" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Enw brodorol</th><td>हिन्दूधर्मः <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9089?uselang=cy#P1705" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><img alt="Tudalen Comin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hinduism" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hinduism">Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Gomin Wicimedia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Hindŵaeth yw <a href="/wiki/Crefydd" title="Crefydd">crefydd</a> gynhenid <a href="/wiki/Isgyfandir_India" title="Isgyfandir India">isgyfandir India</a> a phrif grefydd <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> ei hun heddiw. Mae’n un o'r crefyddau hynaf a gychwynodd ryw bedair mil o flynyddoedd yn ôl. Bydd rhai o ddilynwyr y grefydd hon yn addoli un duw yn unig, ond bydd eraill yn addoli llawer. Y duw pwysicaf oll yw <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brahman (dim tudalen ar gael)">Brahman</a>, ond nid yw’n bosibl i neb ei addoli yn uniongyrchol; mae’n rhaid agosáu ato drwy gyfrwng duwiau eraill megis <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a> y Creawdwr, <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Sifa</a> y Dinistriwr neu <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Fisnw</a> y Ceidwad sydd hefyd yn dduw cariad. Cred yr Hindŵ fod gan ddyn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atman (dim tudalen ar gael)">atman</a> oddi wrth <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brahman (dim tudalen ar gael)">Brahman</a>, sef yr <a href="/wiki/Enaid" title="Enaid">enaid</a> tragwyddol sydd yn llifo drwy bob math o fywyd, boed anifail neu lysieuyn. Gall yr enaid hwn gael ei aileni mewn gwahanol ffurfiau dro ar ôl tro yn unol â chyfundrefn o wobrwyo a chosbi a elwir <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a>. Os bu bywyd dyn yn ddrwg, mae'n debyg mai fel planhigyn neu anifail y bydd ei enaid yn ailymddangos, a bydd yn rhaid i’r enaid wneud hyn sawl gwaith cyn cael trigo mewn corff dynol eilwaith. Os bu bywyd dyn yn un da a rhinweddol, bydd ei enaid yn symud yn agosach at yr hapusrwydd a ddaw o fod gyda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brahman (dim tudalen ar gael)">Brahman</a>. Maent hefyd yn addoli mewn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandir (dim tudalen ar gael)">Mandir</a>, sef math o <a href="/wiki/Teml" title="Teml">deml</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yn_fyr">Yn fyr</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Golygu'r adran: Yn fyr" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Yn fyr">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae Hindŵaeth hefyd yn dharma, sef ffordd o fyw.<a href="#cite_note-dharma-1">[note 1]</a>}} Hi yw trydydd crefydd fwyaf y byd, gyda dros 1.2 biliwn o ddilynwyr, neu 15–16% o'r boblogaeth fyd-eang, a elwir yn Hindwiaid. Mewn cymhariaeth, yr ail fwyaf yw Islam gydag 1.9 biliwn o ddilynwyr a Christnogaeth sydd a 2.4 biliwn o aelodau. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Holi_Festival_of_Colors_Utah,_United_States_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Holi_Festival_of_Colors_Utah%2C_United_States_2013.jpg/310px-Holi_Festival_of_Colors_Utah%2C_United_States_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Holi_Festival_of_Colors_Utah%2C_United_States_2013.jpg/465px-Holi_Festival_of_Colors_Utah%2C_United_States_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Holi_Festival_of_Colors_Utah%2C_United_States_2013.jpg/620px-Holi_Festival_of_Colors_Utah%2C_United_States_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1462" /></a><figcaption>Dathlu 'Holi' yn Nheml Sri Radha Krishna Utah, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>, UDA (2013)</figcaption></figure> Mae'r gair Hindŵ yn tarddu o'r gair <a href="/wiki/Sansgrit" title="Sansgrit">Sansgrit</a> Sindhu<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood19966-2">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParpola2015"Chapter_1"-3">[2]</a> sef <a href="/wiki/Afon_Indus" title="Afon Indus">Afon Indus</a>. Tra bod Hindŵaeth wedi cael ei alw'n grefydd hyna'r byd,[note 4] mae llawer o ymarferwyr yn cyfeirio at eu crefydd fel Sanātana Dharma (<a href="/wiki/Sansgrit" title="Sansgrit">Sansgrit</a>: सनातन धर्म; y Dharma Tragwyddol), sy'n cyfeirio at y syniad bod ei darddiad y tu hwnt i hanes dyn, fel sy'n cael ei ddatgan yn y testunau Hindŵaidd. Hunan-ddynodiad arall, er yn llai ffit,<a href="#cite_note-SmithBK1998-4">[3]</a> yw Vaidika dharma, y 'dharma sy'n gysylltiedig â'r <a href="/wiki/Veda" title="Veda">Veda</a>.'<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a> Mae Hindŵaeth yn system o feddwl amrywiol iawn, gydag athroniaethau a chysyniadau sy'n gyffredin i lawer o wledydd, <a href="/wiki/Defod" title="Defod">defodau</a>, systemau cosmolegol, safleoedd pererindod, ffynonellau testunol, <a href="/wiki/Metaffiseg" title="Metaffiseg">metaffiseg</a>, mytholeg, yajna Vedig, <a href="/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga">ioga</a>, defodau agamic, ac adeiladu temlau, ymhlith pynciau eraill.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004-6">[5]</a> Ymhlith y themâu amlwg yng nghredoau Hindŵaidd mae pedwar Puruṣārthas, nodau neu nodau priodol bywyd dynol; sef, dharma (moeseg / dyletswyddau), artha (ffyniant / gwaith), kama (dymuniadau / nwydau) a moksha (rhyddhad / rhyddid rhag y nwydau a chylch marwolaeth ac aileni),<a href="#cite_note-Bilimoria_2007_p._103-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1997-8">[7]</a> yn ogystal â <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a> (gweithredu, bwriad a chanlyniadau) a <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">saṃsāra</a> (cylch marwolaeth ac aileni).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier2007-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrodd2003-10">[9]</a> Mae Hindŵaeth yn pwysleisio dyletswyddau tragwyddol, fel gonestrwydd, ymatal rhag anafu bodau byw (Ahiṃsā), amynedd, goddefgarwch, hunan-ataliaeth, rhinwedd a thosturi ac eraill.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> Mae arferion Hindŵaidd yn cynnwys defodau fel puja (addoli) a datganiadau, japa, myfyrdod (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhyana_mewn_Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhyana mewn Hindŵaeth (dim tudalen ar gael)">dhyāna</a>), defodau newid byd (rites of passage) sy'n deulu-ganolog, gwyliau blynyddol, ac ambell bererindod. Ynghyd ag arferion amrywiol fel <a href="/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga">ioga</a>, mae rhai <a href="/wiki/Hindwiaid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindwiaid">Hindwiaid</a> yn gadael eu byd cymdeithasol a'u heiddo materol ac yn cymryd rhan mewn Sannyasa (mynachaeth) gydol oes er mwyn cyflawni moksha.<a href="#cite_note-ellinger70-12">[11]</a> Mae testunau Hindŵaidd yn cael eu dosbarthu i ddau grwp: Śruti ("clywed") a Smṛti ("cofio"), a'u prif ysgrythurau yw'r <a href="/wiki/Veda" title="Veda">Veda</a>, yr <a href="/wiki/Upanishadau" title="Upanishadau">Upanishads</a>, y Purānas, y <a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahābhārata</a>, y <a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Rāmāyana</a>, a'r Āgamas.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier2007-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> Ceir chwe ysgol athroniaeth Hindŵ a elwir yn āstika, sy'n cydnabod awdurdod y Vedas, sef Sānkhya, Ioga, Nyāya, Vaisheshika, Mimāmsā a Vedanta .<a href="#cite_note-Matthew_Clarke_2011_28-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> Mae'r gronoleg Puranig yn cyflwyno achau o filoedd o flynyddoedd, gan ddechrau gyda'r rishis Vedig, ond mae ysgolheigion yn ystyried Hindŵaeth fel ymasiad<a href="#cite_note-Lockard-fusion-17">[note 2]</a> neu synthesis<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamuel2008193-18">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hiltebeitel-synthesis-19">[note 3]</a> o orthopraxy Brahmanaidd gyda diwylliannau Indiaidd amrywiol,<a href="#cite_note-various_cultures-20">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-fusion-21">[note 4]</a> â gwreiddiau amrywiol <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENarayanan2009-22">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-roots-23">[note 5]</a> a dim sylfaenydd penodol.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFowler1997-24">[19]</a> Daeth y synthesis Hindŵaidd hwn i'r amlwg ar ôl y cyfnod Vedic, rhwng c. 500<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007-25">[20]</a> –200<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson2009-26">[21]</a> BCE ac c. 300 CE,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007-25">[20]</a> yng nghyfnod yr <a href="/wiki/Hanes_India" title="Hanes India">Ail Drefoli</a> a chyfnod clasurol cynnar Hindŵaeth, pan gyfansoddwyd yr Epics a'r Purānas cyntaf.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007-25">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson2009-26">[21]</a> Ffynnodd yn y cyfnod canoloesol, gyda dirywiad Bwdhaeth yn India.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson1995-27">[22]</a> Ar hyn o bryd, y pedwar enwad mwyaf o fewn Hindŵaeth yw Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism a Smartism.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwanandan.d.-28">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipner2009-29">[24]</a> Mae ffynonellau awdurdod a gwirioneddau tragwyddol yn y testunau Hindŵaidd yn chwarae rhan bwysig, ond ceir traddodiad Hindŵaidd cryf hefyd o gwestiynu awdurdod er mwyn dyfnhau dealltwriaeth o'r gwirioneddau hyn a datblygu'r traddodiad ymhellach.<a href="#cite_note-frazierintrop2-30">[25]</a> Hindŵaeth yw'r ffydd a broffesir fwyaf eang yn India, Nepal a Mauritius. Mae nifer sylweddol o gymunedau Hindŵaidd i'w cael yn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth_yn_Ne-ddwyrain_Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindŵaeth yn Ne-ddwyrain Asia (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ne-ddwyrain Asia</a> gan gynnwys yn <a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-31">[26]</a> y <a href="/wiki/Y_Carib%C3%AE" title="Y Caribî">Caribî</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gogledd_America" title="Gogledd America">Gogledd America</a>, Ewrop, Oceania, Affrica, a rhanbarthau eraill .<a href="#cite_note-32">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diffiniadau">Diffiniadau</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Golygu'r adran: Diffiniadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Diffiniadau">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae Hindŵaeth yn cynnwys amrywiaeth o syniadau ar <a href="/wiki/Ysbrydolrwydd" title="Ysbrydolrwydd">ysbrydolrwydd</a> a thraddodiadau, ond nid oes ganddo drefn eglwysig, dim awdurdod crefyddol diamheuol, dim corff llywodraethu, dim proffwyd/i nac unrhyw lyfr sanctaidd penodol. Gall Hindwiaid ddewis bod yn <a href="/wiki/Amldduwiaeth" title="Amldduwiaeth">amldduwiol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pantheistiaeth" title="Pantheistiaeth">pantheistig</a>, panentheistig, pandeistig, henotheistig, <a href="/wiki/Undduwiaeth" title="Undduwiaeth">monotheistig</a>, monistig, <a href="/wiki/Agnosticiaeth" title="Agnosticiaeth">agnostig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anffyddiaeth" title="Anffyddiaeth">anffyddiol</a> neu <a href="/wiki/Dyneiddiaeth" title="Dyneiddiaeth">ddyneiddiol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lipner2009p8-33">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[30]</a> Yn ôl Doniger, "mae syniadau am holl brif faterion ffydd a ffordd o fyw - llysieuaeth, di-drais, cred mewn aileni, hyd yn oed <a href="/wiki/Y_drefn_gastiau_yn_India" title="Y drefn gastiau yn India">cast</a> - yn destunau dadl, ac nid <a href="/wiki/Dogma" title="Dogma">dogma</a>."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoniger2014-36">[31]</a> Oherwydd yr ystod eang o draddodiadau a syniadau a gwmpesir gan y term Hindŵaeth, mae'n anodd dod o hyd i ddiffiniad cynhwysfawr.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood19966-2">[1]</a> Mae'r grefydd "yn gwadu ein hawydd i'w diffinio a'i chategoreiddio".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnott1998117-37">[32]</a> Diffiniwyd Hindŵaeth yn amrywiol fel crefydd, fel traddodiad crefyddol, ac fel set o gredoau crefyddol, ac fel "ffordd o fyw".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESharma2003-38">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-definition-39">[note 6]</a> O safbwynt geirfa'r Gorllewin, cyfeirir at Hindŵaeth fel 'crefydd', ond yn India, caiff ei diffionio'n amlach fel dharma, sy'n ehangach na chrefydd y Gorllewin.<a href="#cite_note-40">[34]</a> Mae'r astudiaeth o India, ei diwylliannau a'i chrefyddau, a'r diffiniad o "Hindŵaeth", wedi cael eu llunio gan fuddiannau <a href="/wiki/Gwladychiaeth" class="mw-redirect" title="Gwladychiaeth">gwladychiaeth</a> a chan syniadau Gorllewinol am grefydd.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESweetman2004-41">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1999-42">[36]</a> Ers y <a href="/wiki/1990au" title="1990au">1990au</a>, mae'r dylanwadau hyn wedi bod yn destun dadl ymhlith ysgolheigion Hindŵaidd,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESweetman2004-41">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[37]</a> ac maent hefyd wedi beirniadu gogwydd y gorllewin ar India.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENussbaum2009-44">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Diffiniadau_cyfreithiol">Diffiniadau cyfreithiol</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Golygu'r adran: Diffiniadau cyfreithiol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Diffiniadau cyfreithiol">golygu cod</a>]</div> Diffinnir Hindŵaeth yng Nghyfraith India fel us sy'n: "Derbyn y <a href="/wiki/Veda" title="Veda">Veda</a> gyda pharch; cydnabyddiaeth o'r ffaith bod y modd neu'r ffyrdd i <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a> yn amrywiol; a sylweddoliad o'r gwir bod nifer y duwiau i'w haddoli yn fawr".<a href="#cite_note-46">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoniger2014-36">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barn_ysgolheigaidd">Barn ysgolheigaidd</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Golygu'r adran: Barn ysgolheigaidd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Barn ysgolheigaidd">golygu cod</a>]</div> Bathwyd y term Hindŵaeth yn ethnograffeg y Gorllewin yn y <a href="/wiki/18g" class="mw-redirect" title="18g">18g</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Sweetman2003-47">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[note 7]</a> ac mae'n cyfeirio at ymasiad<a href="#cite_note-Lockard-fusion-17">[note 2]</a> neu synthesis<a href="#cite_note-Hiltebeitel-synthesis-19">[note 3]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESamuel2008-53">[44]</a> amrywiol ddiwylliannau a thraddodiadau Indiaidd,<a href="#cite_note-various_cultures-20">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-fusion-21">[note 4]</a> gyda gwreiddiau amrywiol<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENarayanan2009-22">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-roots-23">[note 5]</a> a dim sylfaenydd.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFowler1997-24">[19]</a> Daeth y synthesis Hindŵaidd hwn i'r amlwg ar ôl y cyfnod <a href="/wiki/Veda" title="Veda">Vedig</a>, rhwng c. 500<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007-25">[20]</a> –200<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson2009-26">[21]</a> <a href="/wiki/CC" class="mw-redirect" title="CC">CC</a> a c. <a href="/wiki/300" title="300">300 OC</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007-25">[20]</a> yng nghyfnod yr <a href="/wiki/Hanes_India" title="Hanes India">Ail Drefoli</a> a chyfnod clasurol cynnar Hindŵaeth, pan gyfansoddwyd yr Epics a'r Puranas cyntaf.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007-25">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson2009-26">[21]</a> Ffynnodd yn y cyfnod canoloesol, gyda dirywiad Bwdhaeth yn India.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson1995-27">[22]</a> Mae goddefgarwch Hindŵaeth i amrywiadau mewn cred a'i ystod eang o draddodiadau yn ei gwneud hi'n anodd ei ddiffinio fel crefydd yn ôl diffiniadau traddodiadol y gorllewin.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETurner1996a-54">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Amrywiaeth_ac_undod">Amrywiaeth ac undod</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Golygu'r adran: Amrywiaeth ac undod" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Amrywiaeth ac undod">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amrywiaeth">Amrywiaeth</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Golygu'r adran: Amrywiaeth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Amrywiaeth">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Ganapati.1..JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ganapati.1..JPG/220px-Ganapati.1..JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ganapati.1..JPG/330px-Ganapati.1..JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ganapati.1..JPG/440px-Ganapati.1..JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a> yw un o'r duwiau mwyaf adnabyddus a mwyaf addoledig yn y pantheon Hindŵaidd.</figcaption></figure> Mae credoau Hindŵaidd yn helaeth ac yn amrywiol iawn, ac felly cyfeirir at Hindŵaeth yn aml fel teulu o grefyddau yn hytrach nag un grefydd.<a href="#cite_note-55">[web 3]</a> O fewn pob crefydd yn y teulu hwn o grefyddau, mae yna wahanol ddiwinyddiaeth, arferion, a thestunau cysegredig.<a href="#cite_note-56">[web 4]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[web 5]</a> Nid oes gan Hindŵaeth "system gred unedig wedi'i hamgodio mewn datganiad o ffydd neu gredo",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1996-61">[49]</a> ond yn hytrach mae'n derm ymbarél sy'n cynnwys lluosogrwydd ffenomenau crefyddol India.<a href="#cite_note-62">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHalbfass1991-63">[51]</a> Yn ôl Goruchaf Lys India, <table style="margin:auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent; color:inherit;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;text-align:left;padding:10px 10px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="padding:4px 10px;">Yn wahanol i grefyddau eraill yn y Byd, nid yw'r grefydd Hindŵaidd yn hawlio un Proffwyd, nid yw'n addoli unrhyw un Duw, nid yw'n credu mewn unrhyw un cysyniad athronyddol ac nid yw'n dilyn unrhyw un ddefod neu berfformiad/au crefyddol; mewn gwirionedd, nid yw'n bodloni nodweddion traddodiadol crefydd na chredo. Mae'n ffordd o fyw a dim byd mwy ".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier19941-64">[52]</a> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;text-align:right;padding:10px 10px;">” </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undod">Undod</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Golygu'r adran: Undod" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Undod">golygu cod</a>]</div> Er gwaethaf y gwahaniaethau, mae yna ymdeimlad o undod hefyd.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHalbfass1991-63">[51]</a> Mae'r rhan fwyaf o draddodiadau Hindŵaidd yn parchu corff o lenyddiaeth grefyddol neu gysegredig, y <a href="/wiki/Veda" title="Veda">Vedas</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholson2010-65">[53]</a> er bod eithriadau.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1996-61">[49]</a> Mae'r testunau hyn yn ein hatgoffa o'r dreftadaeth ddiwylliannol hynafol ac maent yn destun balchder i Hindwiaid,<a href="#cite_note-andreapinkney-66">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[55]</a> gyda Louis Renou yn nodi "hyd yn oed yn y parthau mwyaf uniongred, mae'r parch i'r Vedas yn amlwg".<a href="#cite_note-andreapinkney-66">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHalbfass1991-63">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Credoau">Credoau</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Golygu'r adran: Credoau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Credoau">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Halebid3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Halebid3.JPG/220px-Halebid3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Halebid3.JPG/330px-Halebid3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Halebid3.JPG/440px-Halebid3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption> Cerflun ar banel wal yn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teml_Hoysaleswara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teml Hoysaleswara (dim tudalen ar gael)">nheml Hoysaleswara</a> yn Halebidu, yn cynrychioli'r <a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a>: <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> a <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a></figcaption></figure> Mae themâu amlwg yng nghredoau Hindŵaidd yn cynnwys (ond heb fod yn gyfyngedig i) Dharma (moeseg / dyletswyddau), <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">saṃsāra</a> (cylch parhaus ymglymiad mewn nwydau a'r enedigaeth, bywyd, marwolaeth ac aileni sy'n deillio o hynny), <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a> (gweithredu, bwriad, a chanlyniadau ), moksha (rhyddhad rhag ymlyniad a saṃsāra), a'r amrywiol <a href="/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga">iogas</a> (llwybrau neu arferion). <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrodd2003-10">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Purusharthas">Purusharthas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Golygu'r adran: Purusharthas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Purusharthas">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae Purusharthas yn cyfeirio at amcanion bywyd dynol. Mae meddwl Clasurol Hindŵaidd yn derbyn pedwar nod neu nod cywir ym mywyd dynol, a elwir yn Puruṣārthas:<a href="#cite_note-Bilimoria_2007_p._103-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood199711-68">[56]</a> <ul><li>Dharma</li> <li>Artha</li> <li>Kama</li> <li>Moksha</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dharma_(cyfiawnder,_moeseg)">Dharma (cyfiawnder, moeseg)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Golygu'r adran: Dharma (cyfiawnder, moeseg)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Dharma (cyfiawnder, moeseg)">golygu cod</a>]</div> Ystyrir Dharma fel y nod mwyaf blaenllaw mewn Hindŵaeth.<a href="#cite_note-69">[57]</a> Mae'r cysyniad o dharma yn cynnwys ymddygiadau yr ystyrir eu bod yn unol ag <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rta (dim tudalen ar gael)">rta</a>, y drefn sy'n gwneud bywyd a bydysawd yn bosibl, ac mae'n cynnwys dyletswyddau, hawliau, deddfau, ymddygiad, rhinweddau a "ffordd gywir o fyw".<a href="#cite_note-tce-70">[58]</a> Mae dharma Hindŵaidd yn cynnwys dyletswyddau crefyddol, hawliau moesol a dyletswyddau pob unigolyn, ynghyd ag ymddygiadau sy'n galluogi trefn gymdeithasol, ymddygiad cywir, a rhai rhinweddol.<a href="#cite_note-tce-70">[58]</a> Dharma, yn ôl Van Buitenen,<a href="#cite_note-vanbuitenen-71">[59]</a> yw'r hyn y mae'n rhaid i bob bod dynol presennol ei dderbyn a'i barchu i gynnal cytgord a threfn yn y byd.<a href="#cite_note-vanbuitenen-71">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Artha_(bywoliaeth,_cyfoeth)">Artha (bywoliaeth, cyfoeth)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Golygu'r adran: Artha (bywoliaeth, cyfoeth)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Artha (bywoliaeth, cyfoeth)">golygu cod</a>]</div> Artha yw'r ymgais rhinweddol i gael cyfoeth materol, bywoliaeth, rhwymedigaethau a ffyniant economaidd. Mae'n cynnwys bywyd gwleidyddol, diplomyddiaeth a lles materol. Mae'r cysyniad artha yn cynnwys yr holl "ffyrdd o fyw", gweithgareddau ac adnoddau sy'n galluogi person i fod mewn cyflwr arbennig: cyfoeth, gyrfa a diogelwch ariannol.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKoller1968-72">[60]</a> Mae mynd ar drywydd artha yn iawn yn cael ei ystyried yn nod pwysig ym mywyd dynol mewn Hindŵaeth.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002a-73">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-bruces-74">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kāma_(pleser_y_synhwyrau)">Kāma (pleser y synhwyrau)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Golygu'r adran: Kāma (pleser y synhwyrau)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Kāma (pleser y synhwyrau)">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae Kāma (Sansgrit, <a href="/wiki/Pali" title="Pali">Pali</a>: काम) yn golygu awydd, awch, dymuniad, angerdd, hiraeth, pleser y synhwyrau, mwynhad esthetig bywyd, hoffter, neu gariad, gyda neu heb yr ochr rhywiol.<a href="#cite_note-75">[63]</a> Mewn Hindŵaeth, mae kama yn cael ei ystyried yn nod hanfodol ac iach ym mywyd dynol cyn belled nad yw'r person yn aberthu dharma, artha a moksha.<a href="#cite_note-76">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mokṣa_(rhyddhad,_rhyddid_rhag_saṃsāra)">Mokṣa (rhyddhad, rhyddid rhag saṃsāra)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Golygu'r adran: Mokṣa (rhyddhad, rhyddid rhag saṃsāra)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Mokṣa (rhyddhad, rhyddid rhag saṃsāra)">golygu cod</a>]</div> Moksha (<a href="/wiki/Sansgrit" title="Sansgrit">Sansgrit</a>: मोक्ष; Mokṣa) neu mukti (Sansgrit: मुक्ति) yw'r nod eithaf, pwysicaf yn Hindŵaeth. Ar un ystyr, mae moksha yn gysyniad sy'n gysylltiedig â rhyddhau rhag tristwch, dioddefaint a saṃsāra (cylch aileni genedigaeth). Gelwir rhyddhau o'r cylch hwn, ar ôl bywyd, yn enwedig yn ysgolion damcaniaethol Hindŵaeth yn moksha.<a href="#cite_note-vanbuitenen-71">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERinehart2004-77">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[66]</a> Ystyrir marwolaeth yn ddibwys mewn perthynas â'r Hunan cosmig.<a href="#cite_note-79">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Karma_a_saṃsāra">Karma a saṃsāra</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Golygu'r adran: Karma a saṃsāra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Karma a saṃsāra">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a> yn cyfieithu'n llythrennol fel gwaith, neu weithred,<a href="#cite_note-80">[68]</a> ac mae hefyd yn cyfeirio at theori <a href="/wiki/Veda" title="Veda">Vedig</a> o "gyfraith foesol achos ac effaith".<a href="#cite_note-81">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[70]</a> Mae'r theori yn gyfuniad o (1) achosiaeth a all fod yn foesegol neu'n an-foesegol; (2) moeseg, hynny yw gweithredoedd da neu ddrwg sy'n arwain at ganlyniadau; a (3) aileni.<a href="#cite_note-wdointro-83">[71]</a> Dehonglir theori Karma fel un sy'n egluro amgylchiadau presennol unigolyn gan gyfeirio at ei weithredoedd yn y gorffennol. Gall y gweithredoedd hyn a'u canlyniadau fod ym mywyd cyfredol unigolyn, neu, yn ôl rhai ysgolion Hindŵaidd, ym mywydau'r gorffennol.<a href="#cite_note-wdointro-83">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[72]</a> Gelwir y cylch hwn o eni, bywyd, marwolaeth ac aileni yn <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">saṃsāra</a>. Credir bod rhyddhau o saṃsāra trwy moksha yn sicrhau hapusrwydd a <a href="/wiki/Heddwch" title="Heddwch">heddwch</a> parhaol.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERadhakrishnan1996-85">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[74]</a> Mae ysgrythurau Hindŵaidd yn dysgu bod y dyfodol yn swyddogaeth o ymdrech ddynol gyfredol sy'n deillio o ewyllys rydd a gweithredoedd dynol yn y gorffennol sy'n gosod yr amgylchiadau.<a href="#cite_note-87">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Y_cysyniad_o_Dduw">Y cysyniad o Dduw</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Golygu'r adran: Y cysyniad o Dduw" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Y cysyniad o Dduw">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae Hindŵaeth yn system amrywiol o feddwl gydag amrywiaeth eang o gredoau;<a href="#cite_note-Lipner2009p8-33">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[web 6]</a> mae ei gysyniad o Dduw yn gymhleth ac yn dibynnu ar bob unigolyn a'r traddodiad a'r athroniaeth a ddilynir. Cyfeirir ato weithiau fel henotheistig (h.y., yn ymwneud ag ymroddiad i dduw sengl wrth dderbyn bodolaeth eraill), ond mae unrhyw derm o'r fath yn llawer rhy syml.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004-6">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[77]</a> Mae'r <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasadiya_Sukta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasadiya Sukta (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nasadiya Sukta</a> (Emyn y Creu) o'r <a href="/wiki/Rig_Veda" title="Rig Veda">Rig Veda</a> yn un o'r testunau cynharaf <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1996-61">[49]</a> sy'n "dangos ymdeimlad o ddyfalu metaffisegol" am yr hyn a greodd y bydysawd, y cysyniad o dduw (iau) Yr Un, ac a yw hyd yn oed Yr Un yn gwybod sut y daeth y bydysawd i fodolaeth.<a href="#cite_note-91">[78]</a> Mae'r Rig Veda yn canmol nifer o dduwdodau (neu fân dduwiau), dim un ohonyn nhw'n uwchraddol nac yn israddol, mewn modd henotheistig.<a href="#cite_note-92">[79]</a> Mae'r emynau yn cyfeirio dro ar ôl tro at Un Gwirionedd ac un Realaeth Eithaf. Dehonglwyd "Un Gwirionedd" o fewn llenyddiaeth Vedig, yn ysgolheictod yr oes fodern, fel undduwiaeth, monistiaeth, yn ogystal ag Egwyddorion Cudd y tu ôl i ddigwyddiadau a phrosesau mawr natur.<a href="#cite_note-93">[80]</a> Mae Hindwiaid yn credu bod gan bob creadur byw 'Yr Hunan' (tebyg i 'Enaid'). Gelwir y gwir "Hunan" hwn o bob person yn ātman . Credir bod yr Hunan yn dragwyddol.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonier-Williams1974-94">[81]</a> Yn ôl diwinyddiaeth monistig / pantheistig (di-ddeuol) Hindŵaidd, mae'r Atman hwn yn wahanol i Brahman, yr ysbryd goruchaf neu'r Realiti Ultimate.<a href="#cite_note-bhaskaranandaessential-95">[82]</a> Nod bywyd, yn ôl ysgol Advaita, yw sylweddoli bod Hunan rhywun yn union yr un fath â Hunan y goruchaf, bod yr Hunan goruchaf yn bresennol ym mhopeth a phawb, mae'r holl fywyd yn rhyng-gysylltiedig ac mae undod ym mhob bywyd.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVivekananda1987-96">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[85]</a> Mae ysgolion deuistig (Dvaita a Bhakti) yn dehongli Brahman fel y Bod Goruchaf sydd ar wahân i'r Hunan unigol.<a href="#cite_note-R_Prasad_2009_pages_345-347-99">[86]</a> Maent yn addoli'r Bod Goruchaf fel <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a>, neu Shakti, yn dibynnu ar y sect. Gelwir Duw yn Ishvara, Bhagavan, Parameshwara, <a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hind%C5%B5aeth)" title="Deva (Hindŵaeth)">Deva</a> neu Devi, ac mae gan y termau hyn wahanol ystyron mewn gwahanol ysgolion Hindŵaeth.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEliade2009-100">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERadhakrishnanMoore1967-101">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonier-Williams2001-102">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prif_draddodiadau">Prif draddodiadau</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Golygu'r adran: Prif draddodiadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Prif draddodiadau">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enwadau">Enwadau</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Golygu'r adran: Enwadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Enwadau">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Ganesha_pachayatana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ganesha_pachayatana.jpg/220px-Ganesha_pachayatana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ganesha_pachayatana.jpg/330px-Ganesha_pachayatana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ganesha_pachayatana.jpg/440px-Ganesha_pachayatana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption> Panchayatana Ganesha-ganolog ("pum duwdod", o'r traddodiad Smarta): <a href="/wiki/Ganesha" title="Ganesha">Ganesha</a> (canol) gyda <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> (chwith uchaf), <a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a> (dde uchaf), <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> (chwith isaf) a <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a> (dde isaf). Mae gan yr holl dduwdodau hyn sectau ar wahân wedi'u cysegru iddynt hefyd.</figcaption></figure> Nid oes gan Hindŵaeth awdurdod athrawiaethol canolog ac nid yw llawer o Hindwiaid sy'n ymarfer yn honni eu bod yn perthyn i unrhyw enwad neu draddodiad penodol.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWerner200513,_45-103">[90]</a> Fodd bynnag, defnyddir pedwar enwad mawr mewn astudiaethau ysgolheigaidd: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism a Smartism.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwanandan.d.-28">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENath2001-104">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1996113,_134,_155–161,_167–168-105">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-lancenelson-106">[93]</a> Mae'r enwadau hyn yn wahanol i'w gilydd, yn bennaf o ran y duwdod canolog a addolir, y traddodiadau a'r rhagolwg <a href="#cite_note-sskumar-107">[94]</a> Mae enwadau Hindŵaeth, dywed Lipner, yn wahanol i'r rhai a geir ym mhrif grefyddau'r byd, oherwydd bod enwadau Hindŵaidd yn niwlog gydag unigolion yn ymarfer mwy nag un, ac mae'n awgrymu'r term "polyganolog Hindŵaidd". <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELipner2009371–375-108">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arferion">Arferion</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Golygu'r adran: Arferion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Arferion">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defodau">Defodau</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Golygu'r adran: Defodau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Defodau">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:(A)_Hindu_wedding,_Saptapadi_ritual_before_Agni_Yajna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/%28A%29_Hindu_wedding%2C_Saptapadi_ritual_before_Agni_Yajna.jpg/220px-%28A%29_Hindu_wedding%2C_Saptapadi_ritual_before_Agni_Yajna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/%28A%29_Hindu_wedding%2C_Saptapadi_ritual_before_Agni_Yajna.jpg/330px-%28A%29_Hindu_wedding%2C_Saptapadi_ritual_before_Agni_Yajna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/%28A%29_Hindu_wedding%2C_Saptapadi_ritual_before_Agni_Yajna.jpg/440px-%28A%29_Hindu_wedding%2C_Saptapadi_ritual_before_Agni_Yajna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>Priodas yw'r ddefod bersonol fwyaf helaeth y mae oedolyn Hindŵaidd yn ymgymryd â hi yn ei fywyd. Mae priodas Hindŵaidd nodweddiadol yn cael ei gweinyddu cyn defod tân Vedig (gw. y llun).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002a-73">[61]</a></figcaption></figure> Mae'r rhan fwyaf o Hindwiaid yn cynnal defodau crefyddol gartref.<a href="#cite_note-109">[96]</a> Mae'r defodau'n amrywio'n fawr ymhlith ardaloedd, pentrefi ac unigolion. Nid ydyn nhw'n orfodol mewn Hindŵaeth. Dewis unigolyn yw natur a lle defodau. Mae rhai Hindwiaid defosiynol yn perfformio defodau dyddiol fel addoli ar doriad y wawr ar ôl cael bath (fel arfer mewn cysegr teulu, ac yn nodweddiadol mae'n cynnwys goleuo lamp ac yn cynnig bwydydd o flaen delweddau o'r duwiau), llefaru o sgriptiau crefyddol, canu bhajans (emynau defosiynol), <a href="/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga">ioga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myfyrdod" title="Myfyrdod">myfyrdod</a>, llafarganu <a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">mantras</a> ac eraill.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeitzmanWorden1996145–146-110">[97]</a> Gwelir defodau Vedig gyda thân (yajna) a llafarganu emynau Vedig ar achlysuron arbennig, fel priodasau Hindŵaidd.<a href="#cite_note-111">[98]</a> Mae digwyddiadau mawr eraill bywyd, fel defodau ar ôl <a href="/wiki/Marwolaeth" title="Marwolaeth">marwolaeth</a>, yn cynnwys yajña a llafarganu <a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">mantrâu</a> Vedig.<a href="#cite_note-112">[web 7]</a> Mae geiriau'r mantrâu yn "sanctaidd." <a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996-113">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996-113">[99]</a> Wrth eu defnyddio mewn defodau Vedig maent yn dod yn <a href="/wiki/Dewiniaeth" title="Dewiniaeth">synau hudol</a>, "yn ddull i gyrraedd y nod."Gwall cyfeirio: Tag <code><ref></code> annilys; rhaid i dagiau 'ref' heb enw iddynt gynnwys testun Yn y persbectif Brahmanaidd, mae gan y synau eu hystyr eu hunain, ystyrir mantrâu yn "rythmau cyntefig cyntaf y greadigaeth", cyn y ffurfiau y maent yn cyfeirio atynt.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996-113">[99]</a> Trwy eu llafarganu mae'r cosmos yn cael ei adfywio, "trwy fywiogi a maethu ffurfiau'r greadigaeth yn eu sylfaen. Cyn belled â bod purdeb y synau yn cael ei gadw, bydd adrodd y mantrâu yn effeithiol, ni waeth a yw bodau dynol yn deall eu hystyr disylwedd."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996-113">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coward2008p114-114">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gwyliau">Gwyliau</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Golygu'r adran: Gwyliau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Gwyliau">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Deepawali-festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Deepawali-festival.jpg/220px-Deepawali-festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Deepawali-festival.jpg/330px-Deepawali-festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Deepawali-festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="416" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption> Mae gŵyl y goleuadau, <a href="/wiki/Divali" title="Divali">Diwali</a>, yn cael ei dathlu gan Hindwiaid ledled y byd.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Hindus_in_Ghana_celebrating_Ganesh_Chaturti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hindus_in_Ghana_celebrating_Ganesh_Chaturti.jpg/220px-Hindus_in_Ghana_celebrating_Ganesh_Chaturti.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hindus_in_Ghana_celebrating_Ganesh_Chaturti.jpg/330px-Hindus_in_Ghana_celebrating_Ganesh_Chaturti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hindus_in_Ghana_celebrating_Ganesh_Chaturti.jpg/440px-Hindus_in_Ghana_celebrating_Ganesh_Chaturti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="880" /></a><figcaption>Hindwiaid yn Ghana yn dathlu Ganesh Chaturti</figcaption></figure> Mae gwyliau Hindŵaidd (Sansgrit: Utsava ; yn llythrennol: "i godi'n uwch") yn seremonïau sy'n plethu bywyd unigol a chymdeithasol i dharma.<a href="#cite_note-sandrarobinson-115">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-yustf-116">[102]</a> Mae gan Hindŵaeth lawer o wyliau trwy gydol y flwyddyn, lle mae'r dyddiadau'n cael eu gosod gan y calendr Hindŵaidd lunisolar, ac mae llawer ohonynt yn cyd-daro naill ai â'r lleuad lawn (Holi) neu'r lleuad newydd (Diwali), yn aml gyda newidiadau tymhorol.<a href="#cite_note-denisecushf-117">[103]</a> Dim ond yn rhanbarthol y mae rhai gwyliau i'w cael ac maen nhw'n dathlu traddodiadau lleol, tra bod ambell un fel Holi a Diwali yn draws-Hindŵaidd.<a href="#cite_note-denisecushf-117">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[104]</a> Mae'r gwyliau fel arfer yn dathlu digwyddiadau Hindŵaidd, gan gysylltu themâu ysbrydol a dathlu agweddau ar berthnasoedd dynol fel y berthynas agos Chwaer-Frawd dros ŵyl Raksha Bandhan (neu Bhai Dooj).<a href="#cite_note-yustf-116">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[105]</a> Mae'r un ŵyl weithiau'n nodi gwahanol straeon yn dibynnu ar yr enwad Hindŵaidd, ac mae'r dathliadau'n ymgorffori themâu rhanbarthol, amaethyddiaeth draddodiadol, celfyddydau lleol, cyfarfyddiadau teuluol, defodau a gwleddoedd Puja.<a href="#cite_note-sandrarobinson-115">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pererindota">Pererindota</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Golygu'r adran: Pererindota" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Pererindota">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae llawer o ymlynwyr yn ymgymryd â <a href="/wiki/Pererindod" title="Pererindod">phererindodau</a>, sydd yn hanesyddol wedi bod yn rhan bwysig o Hindŵaeth ac yn parhau felly heddiw.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuller2004-121">[107]</a> Ceir safleoedd pererindota yn Tirtha, Kshetra, Gopitha neu Mahalaya.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002n-122">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJacobsen2013-123">[109]</a> Enw'r broses neu'r siwrnai sy'n gysylltiedig â Tirtha yw Tirtha-yatra.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBhardwaj1983-124">[110]</a> Yn ôl y testun Hindŵaidd Skanda Purana, mae tri math i Tirtha: mae Jangam Tirtha i le y gellir ei symud o sadhu, rishi, guru. Mae Sthawar Tirtha i le na ellir ei symud, fel Benaras, Haridwar, Mynydd Kailash, afonydd sanctaidd; tra bod Manas Tirtha i le o feddwl, o wirionedd, elusen, amynedd, tosturi, neu'r Hunan.<a href="#cite_note-125">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[112]</a> Mae Tīrtha-yatra, yn unrhyw beth sydd â gwerth salvific i Hindw, ac mae'n cynnwys safleoedd pererindod fel mynyddoedd neu goedwigoedd neu lan y môr neu afonydd neu byllau, yn ogystal â rhinweddau, gweithredoedd, astudiaethau neu gyflwr meddwl.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJacobsen2013-123">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004-6">[5]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diwylliant">Diwylliant</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Golygu'r adran: Diwylliant" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Diwylliant">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae'r term " diwylliant Hindŵaidd " yn cyfeirio at agweddau cymedrig ar ddiwylliant sy'n ymwneud â'r grefydd, fel <a href="/wiki/G%C5%B5yl" title="Gŵyl">gwyliau</a> a chodau gwisg a ddilynir gan yr Hindwiaid y gellir eu hysbrydoli'n bennaf o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diwylliant_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diwylliant India (dim tudalen ar gael)">ddiwylliant India</a> a <a href="/wiki/De-ddwyrain_Asia" title="De-ddwyrain Asia">De-ddwyrain Asia</a>. Er y bu cymysgedd o ddiwylliant gwahanol mewn Hindŵaeth, mae hefyd wedi dylanwadu ar ddiwylliannau llawer o genhedloedd, yn bennaf y rhan o India Fwyaf. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Darllen_pellach">Darllen pellach</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Golygu'r adran: Darllen pellach" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Darllen pellach">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:30em; -webkit-column-count:30em; column-count:30em;margin-left:1.5em;"> <dl><dt>Gwyddoniaduron</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFDalal2010b" class="citation encyclopaedia">Dalal, Roshen (2010b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC">Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide</a>. New Delhi: Penguin Books India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-14-341421-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-14-341421-6"><bdi>978-0-14-341421-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism%3A+An+Alphabetical+Guide&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-14-341421-6&rft.aulast=Dalal&rft.aufirst=Roshen&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDH0vmD8ghdMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8312344">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFJacobsen2009–2015" class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Knut_A._Jacobsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knut A. Jacobsen (dim tudalen ar gael)">Jacobsen, Knut A.</a>; et al., gol. (2009–2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/package/9789004271289?language=en&packages=about">Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism</a>. 1–6. Leiden: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9789004271289" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9789004271289"><bdi>9789004271289</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brill%27s+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2009%2F2015&rft.isbn=9789004271289&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fview%2Fpackage%2F9789004271289%3Flanguage%3Den%26packages%3Dabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> <ul><li>Vol. 1: Regions, Pilgrimage, Deities (2009).</li> <li>Vol. 2: Sacred Languages, Ritual Traditions, Arts, Concepts (2010).</li> <li>Vol. 3: Society, Religious Professionals, Religious Communities, Philosophies (2011).</li> <li>Vol. 4: Historical Perspectives, Poets/Teachers/Saints, Relation to Other Religions and Traditions, Hinduism and Contemporary Issues (2012).</li> <li>Vol. 5: Symbolism, Diaspora, Modern Groups and Teachers (2013).</li> <li>Vol. 6: Indices (2015).</li></ul></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFJainShermaKhanna2018" class="citation encyclopaedia">Jain, Pankaj; Sherma, Rita; Khanna, Madhu, gol. (2018). Hinduism and Tribal Religions. Encyclopedia of Indian Religions. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (dim tudalen ar gael)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-024-1036-5_541-1">10.1007/978-94-024-1036-5_541-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-94-024-1036-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-94-024-1036-5"><bdi>978-94-024-1036-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism+and+Tribal+Religions&rft.place=Dordrecht&rft.series=Encyclopedia+of+Indian+Religions&rft.pub=Springer+Netherlands&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-024-1036-5_541-1&rft.isbn=978-94-024-1036-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">Jones, Constance A.; Ryan, James D. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC">Encyclopedia of Hinduism</a>. Encyclopedia of World Religions. <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Gordon_Melton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Gordon Melton (dim tudalen ar gael)">J. Gordon Melton</a>, Series Editor. New York: Facts On File. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8160-5458-9" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8160-5458-9"><bdi>978-0-8160-5458-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200402211115/https://books.google.com/books?id=OgMmceadQ3gC&pg=PR17">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 2020-04-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=Encyclopedia+of+World+Religions.+J.+Gordon+Melton%2C+Series+Editor&rft.pub=Facts+On+File&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5458-9&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Constance+A.&rft.au=Ryan%2C+James+D.&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOgMmceadQ3gC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWerner1997" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karel_Werner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karel Werner (dim tudalen ar gael)">Werner, Karel</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=HvuQAgAAQBAJ">A Popular Dictionary of Hinduism</a> (arg. Rev.). Surrey: Curzon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0-7007-1049-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/0-7007-1049-3"><bdi>0-7007-1049-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Popular+Dictionary+of+Hinduism&rft.place=Surrey&rft.edition=Rev.&rft.pub=Curzon+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-7007-1049-3&rft.aulast=Werner&rft.aufirst=Karel&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHvuQAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li></ul> <dl><dt>Introductory</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Fowler, Jeaneane D. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=RmGKHu20hA0C">Hinduism: Beliefs and Practices</a>. Sussex Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-898723-60-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-898723-60-8"><bdi>978-1-898723-60-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism%3A+Beliefs+and+Practices&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-898723-60-8&rft.aulast=Fowler&rft.aufirst=Jeaneane+D.&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRmGKHu20hA0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344">[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wicipedia:Pydredd_dolen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wicipedia:Pydredd dolen (dim tudalen ar gael)">dolen farw</a>]</li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin Flood (dim tudalen ar gael)">Flood, Gavin D.</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontohi0000floo">An Introduction to Hinduism</a>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Hinduism&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Gavin+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductiontohi0000floo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li></ul> <dl><dt>Hanes</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFChattopadhyaya" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=D._P._Chattopadhyaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D. P. Chattopadhyaya (dim tudalen ar gael)">Chattopadhyaya, D. P.</a> (gol.). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_of_History_of_Indian_Science,_Philosophy_and_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project of History of Indian Science, Philosophy and Culture (dim tudalen ar gael)">History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization</a>. 1–15. Delhi: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_for_Studies_in_Civilizations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre for Studies in Civilizations (dim tudalen ar gael)">Centre for Studies in Civilizations</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Science%2C+Philosophy+and+Culture+in+Indian+Civilization&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pub=Centre+for+Studies+in+Civilizations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Parpola, Asko (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DagXCgAAQBAJ">The Roots of Hinduism. The Early Aryans and the Indus Civilization</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9780190226930" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9780190226930"><bdi>9780190226930</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roots+of+Hinduism.+The+Early+Aryans+and+the+Indus+Civilization&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780190226930&rft.aulast=Parpola&rft.aufirst=Asko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDagXCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Samuel, Geoffrey (2010). The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+Yoga+and+Tantra.+Indic+Religions+to+the+Thirteenth+Century&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Samuel&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li></ul> <dl><dt>Athroniaeth</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli</a> (1923–1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/Sarvepalli.Radhakrishnan.Indian.Philosophy.Volume.1-2">Indian Philosophy</a>. 1–2. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Philosophy&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1923%2F1927&rft.aulast=Radhakrishnan&rft.aufirst=Sarvepalli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FSarvepalli.Radhakrishnan.Indian.Philosophy.Volume.1-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li></ul> <dl><dt>Testun</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Klostermaier, Klaus K. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E_6-JbUiHB4C">A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition</a>. State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-7082-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-7082-4"><bdi>978-0-7914-7082-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Survey+of+Hinduism%3A+Third+Edition&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-7082-4&rft.aulast=Klostermaier&rft.aufirst=Klaus+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE_6-JbUiHB4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin Flood (dim tudalen ar gael)">Flood, Gavin</a>, gol. (2003). Blackwell companion to Hinduism. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blackwell_Publishing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blackwell Publishing (dim tudalen ar gael)">Blackwell Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-631-21535-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-631-21535-6"><bdi>978-0-631-21535-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blackwell+companion+to+Hinduism&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-631-21535-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Richards, Glyn, gol. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sourcebookofmode0000unse_k2p0">A Sourcebook of Modern Hinduism</a>. London: Curzon Press. t. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sourcebookofmode0000unse_k2p0/page/212">212</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7007-0173-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7007-0173-5"><bdi>978-0-7007-0173-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Sourcebook+of+Modern+Hinduism&rft.place=London&rft.pages=212&rft.pub=Curzon+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-0173-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsourcebookofmode0000unse_k2p0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gweler_hefyd">Gweler hefyd</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Golygu'r adran: Gweler hefyd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Gweler hefyd">golygu cod</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhestr_duwiau_a_duwiesau_Hind%C5%B5aidd" title="Rhestr duwiau a duwiesau Hindŵaidd">Rhestr duwiau a duwiesau Hindŵaidd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veda" title="Veda">Veda</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyfeiriadau">Cyfeiriadau</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Golygu'r adran: Cyfeiriadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Cyfeiriadau">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood19966-2">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood19966_2-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood19966_2-1">1.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlood1996">Flood 1996</a>, t. 6. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEParpola2015"Chapter_1"-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParpola2015"Chapter_1"_3-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFParpola2015">Parpola 2015</a>, "Chapter 1". </li> <li id="cite_note-SmithBK1998-4"><a href="#cite_ref-SmithBK1998_4-0">↑</a> Smith, Brian K. (1998). "Questioning Authority: Constructions and Deconstructions of Hinduism". International Journal of Hindu Studies 2 (3): 313–339. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11407-998-0001-9">10.1007/s11407-998-0001-9</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/20106612">20106612</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sanskritdictionary.com/scans/?col=1&img=mw1022.jpg">"View Dictionary"</a>. sanskritdictionary.com. Cyrchwyd 2021-11-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sanskritdictionary.com&rft.atitle=View+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsanskritdictionary.com%2Fscans%2F%3Fcol%3D1%26img%3Dmw1022.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004-6">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004_6-0">5.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004_6-1">5.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMichaels2004_6-2">5.2</a> <a href="#CITEREFMichaels2004">Michaels 2004</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Bilimoria_2007_p._103-7">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Bilimoria_2007_p._103_7-0">6.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bilimoria_2007_p._103_7-1">6.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFBilimoria2007">Bilimoria 2007</a>; see also <a href="#CITEREFKoller1968">Koller 1968</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1997-8"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood1997_8-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlood1997">Flood 1997</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier2007-9">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier2007_9-0">8.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier2007_9-1">8.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFKlostermaier2007">Klostermaier 2007</a>, tt. 46–52, 76–77. Gwall cyfeirio: Tag <code><ref></code> annilys; mae'r enw "FOOTNOTEKlostermaier2007" wedi'i ddiffinio droeon gyda chynnwys gwahanol </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrodd2003-10">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrodd2003_10-0">9.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrodd2003_10-1">9.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrodd2003">Brodd 2003</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFDharmaKane" class="citation book">Dharma, Samanya; Kane, P. V. History of Dharmasastra. 2. tt. 4–5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Dharmasastra&rft.pages=4-5&rft.aulast=Dharma&rft.aufirst=Samanya&rft.au=Kane%2C+P.+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> See also <a href="#CITEREFWidgery1930">Widgery 1930</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-ellinger70-12"><a href="#cite_ref-ellinger70_12-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFEllinger1996" class="citation book">Ellinger, Herbert (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pk3iAwAAQBAJ">Hinduism</a>. Bloomsbury Academic. tt. 69–70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-56338-161-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-56338-161-4"><bdi>978-1-56338-161-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism&rft.pages=69-70&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-56338-161-4&rft.aulast=Ellinger&rft.aufirst=Herbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpk3iAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFZaehner1992" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Charles_Zaehner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Charles Zaehner (dim tudalen ar gael)">Zaehner, R. C.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eWuezQEACAAJ">Hindu Scriptures</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penguin_Random_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penguin Random House (dim tudalen ar gael)">Penguin Random House</a>. tt. 1–7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-679-41078-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-679-41078-2"><bdi>978-0-679-41078-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindu+Scriptures&rft.pages=1-7&rft.pub=Penguin+Random+House&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-679-41078-2&rft.aulast=Zaehner&rft.aufirst=R.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeWuezQEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Matthew_Clarke_2011_28-14"><a href="#cite_ref-Matthew_Clarke_2011_28_14-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFClarke2011" class="citation book">Clarke, Matthew (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DIvHQc0-rwgC&pg=PA28">Development and Religion: Theology and Practice</a>. Edward Elgar Publishing. t. 28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85793-073-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85793-073-6"><bdi>978-0-85793-073-6</bdi></a>. Cyrchwyd 11 Chwefror 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Development+and+Religion%3A+Theology+and+Practice&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-85793-073-6&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDIvHQc0-rwgC%26pg%3DPA28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHolberg2000" class="citation book">Holberg, Dale, gol. (2000). Students' Britannica India. 4. Encyclopædia Britannica India. t. 316. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85229-760-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85229-760-5"><bdi>978-0-85229-760-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Students%27+Britannica+India&rft.pages=316&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+India&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-85229-760-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFNicholson2013" class="citation book">Nicholson, Andrew (2013). Unifying Hinduism: Philosophy and Identity in Indian Intellectual History. Columbia University Press. tt. 2–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-231-14987-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-231-14987-7"><bdi>978-0-231-14987-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unifying+Hinduism%3A+Philosophy+and+Identity+in+Indian+Intellectual+History&rft.pages=2-5&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-231-14987-7&rft.aulast=Nicholson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESamuel2008193-18"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamuel2008193_18-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFSamuel2008">Samuel 2008</a>, t. 193. </li> <li id="cite_note-various_cultures-20">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-various_cultures_20-0">17.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-various_cultures_20-1">17.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFHiltebeitel2007">Hiltebeitel 2007</a>; <a href="#CITEREFFlood1996">Flood 1996</a>; <a href="#CITEREFLockard2007">Lockard 2007</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENarayanan2009-22">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENarayanan2009_22-0">18.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENarayanan2009_22-1">18.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFNarayanan2009">Narayanan 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFowler1997-24">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFowler1997_24-0">19.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFowler1997_24-1">19.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFFowler1997">Fowler 1997</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007-25">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007_25-0">20.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007_25-1">20.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007_25-2">20.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007_25-3">20.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007_25-4">20.4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHiltebeitel2007_25-5">20.5</a> <a href="#CITEREFHiltebeitel2007">Hiltebeitel 2007</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson2009-26">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson2009_26-0">21.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson2009_26-1">21.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson2009_26-2">21.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson2009_26-3">21.3</a> <a href="#CITEREFLarson2009">Larson 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELarson1995-27">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson1995_27-0">22.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarson1995_27-1">22.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFLarson1995">Larson 1995</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETattwanandan.d.-28">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwanandan.d._28-0">23.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETattwanandan.d._28-1">23.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFTattwanandan.d.">Tattwananda n.d.</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELipner2009-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipner2009_29-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLipner2009">Lipner 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-frazierintrop2-30"><a href="#cite_ref-frazierintrop2_30-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFFrazier2011" class="citation book">Frazier, Jessica (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/continuumcompani00fraz">The Continuum companion to Hindu studies</a>. London: Continuum. tt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/continuumcompani00fraz/page/n15">1</a>–15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8264-9966-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8264-9966-0"><bdi>978-0-8264-9966-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Continuum+companion+to+Hindu+studies&rft.place=London&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8264-9966-0&rft.aulast=Frazier&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcontinuumcompani00fraz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sp2010.bps.go.id/index.php/page/warning">"Peringatan"</a>. sp2010.bps.go.id.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sp2010.bps.go.id&rft.atitle=Peringatan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsp2010.bps.go.id%2Findex.php%2Fpage%2Fwarning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFVertovec2013" class="citation book">Vertovec, Steven (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FRVTAQAAQBAJ">The Hindu Diaspora: Comparative Patterns</a>. Routledge. tt. 1–4, 7–8, 63–64, 87–88, 141–143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-136-36705-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-136-36705-2"><bdi>978-1-136-36705-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+Diaspora%3A+Comparative+Patterns&rft.pages=1-4%2C+7-8%2C+63-64%2C+87-88%2C+141-143&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-136-36705-2&rft.aulast=Vertovec&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFRVTAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lipner2009p8-33">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Lipner2009p8_33-0">28.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lipner2009p8_33-1">28.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFLipner2009">Lipner 2009</a> Quote: "[...] one need not be religious in the minimal sense described to be accepted as a Hindu by Hindus, or describe oneself perfectly validly as Hindu. One Mai be polytheistic or monotheistic, monistic or pantheistic,henotheistic, panentheistic ,pandeistic, even an agnostic, humanist or atheist, and still be considered a Hindu." Gwall cyfeirio: Tag <code><ref></code> annilys; mae'r enw "Lipner2009p8" wedi'i ddiffinio droeon gyda chynnwys gwahanol </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFKurtz2008" class="citation book">Kurtz, Lester, gol. (2008). Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict. Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-12-369503-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-12-369503-1"><bdi>978-0-12-369503-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Violence%2C+Peace+and+Conflict&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-12-369503-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> MK Gandhi, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mkgandhi.org/ebks/essence_of_hinduism.pdf">The Essence of Hinduism</a> Error in Webarchive template: URl gwag., Editor: VB Kher, Navajivan Publishing, see page 3; According to Gandhi, "a man Mai not believe in God and still call himself a Hindu." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoniger2014-36">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoniger2014_36-0">31.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoniger2014_36-1">31.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFDoniger2014">Doniger 2014</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnott1998117-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKnott1998117_37-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFKnott1998">Knott 1998</a>, t. 117. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESharma2003-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESharma2003_38-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFSharma2003">Sharma 2003</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFRadhakrishnanMoore1967">Radhakrishnan & Moore 1967</a>, t. 3; <a href="#CITEREFWitzel2003">Witzel 2003</a>, t. 68 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESweetman2004-41">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESweetman2004_41-0">35.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESweetman2004_41-1">35.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFSweetman2004">Sweetman 2004</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing1999-42"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing1999_42-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFKing1999">King 1999</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a> Sweetman mentions: <ul><li><a href="#CITEREFHalbfass1988">Halbfass 1988</a>, India and Europe</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFSontheimer1989">Sontheimer 1989</a>, Hinduism Reconsidered</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Inden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Inden (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ronald Inden</a>, Imagining India</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carol_Breckenridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carol Breckenridge (dim tudalen ar gael)">Carol Breckenridge</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_van_der_Veer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter van der Veer (dim tudalen ar gael)">Peter van der Veer</a>, Orientalism and the Postcolonial Predicament</li> <li>Vasudha Dalmia and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_von_Stietencron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich von Stietencron (dim tudalen ar gael)">Heinrich von Stietencron</a>, Representing Hinduism</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S.N._Balagangadhara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="S.N. Balagangadhara (dim tudalen ar gael)">S.N. Balagangadhara</a>, The Heathen in his Blindness...</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Trautmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Trautmann (dim tudalen ar gael)">Thomas Trautmann</a>, Aryans and British India</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFKing1999">King 1999</a>, Orientalism and religion</li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENussbaum2009-44"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENussbaum2009_44-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNussbaum2009">Nussbaum 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> See <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rajiv_Malhotra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rajiv Malhotra (dim tudalen ar gael)">Rajiv Malhotra</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Being_Different&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Being Different (dim tudalen ar gael)">Being Different</a> for a critic who gained widespread attention outside the academia, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Invading_the_Sacred&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invading the Sacred (dim tudalen ar gael)">Invading the Sacred</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindu_studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindu studies (dim tudalen ar gael)">Hindu studies</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFDerrettDuncan1973" class="citation book">Derrett, J.; Duncan, M. (1973). Dharmaśāstra and juridical literature. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-447-01519-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-447-01519-6"><bdi>978-3-447-01519-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/1130636">1130636</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra+and+juridical+literature&rft.place=Wiesbaden&rft.pub=Harrassowitz&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1130636&rft.isbn=978-3-447-01519-6&rft.aulast=Derrett&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Duncan%2C+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sweetman2003-47"><a href="#cite_ref-Sweetman2003_47-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSweetman2003" class="citation book">Sweetman, Will (2003). Mapping Hinduism: 'Hinduism' and the Study of Indian Religions, 1600–1776. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. tt. 163, 154–168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-931479-49-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-931479-49-7"><bdi>978-3-931479-49-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mapping+Hinduism%3A+%27Hinduism%27+and+the+Study+of+Indian+Religions%2C+1600%E2%80%931776&rft.pages=163%2C+154-168&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-3-931479-49-7&rft.aulast=Sweetman&rft.aufirst=Will&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> Hinduism is derived from Perian hindu- and the <a href="https://cy.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ism" class="extiw" title="wikt:-ism">-ism</a> suffix. It is first recorded in 1786, in the generic sense of "polytheism of India".<a href="#cite_note-48">[web 1]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFHiltebeitel2007">Hiltebeitel 2007</a>, t. 12: "A period of consolidation, sometimes identified as one of 'Hindu synthesis', 'Brahmanic synthesis', or 'orthodox synthesis', takes place between the time of the late Vedic Upanishads (c. 500 BCE) and the period of Gupta imperial ascendency (c. 320–467 CE)." </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESamuel2008-53"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESamuel2008_53-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFSamuel2008">Samuel 2008</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETurner1996a-54"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETurner1996a_54-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFTurner1996a">Turner 1996a</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFDasguptaBanarsidass1992" class="citation book">Dasgupta, Surendranath; Banarsidass, Motilall (1992). A history of Indian philosophy (part 1). t. 70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+Indian+philosophy+%28part+1%29&rft.pages=70&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Dasgupta&rft.aufirst=Surendranath&rft.au=Banarsidass%2C+Motilall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFChande2000" class="citation book">Chande, M.B. (2000). Indian Philosophy in Modern Times. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. t. 277.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Philosophy+in+Modern+Times&rft.pages=277&rft.pub=Atlantic+Publishers+%26+Dist.&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Chande&rft.aufirst=M.B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a> Culp, John (2008-12-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/panentheism/">Panentheism</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/panentheism/">https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/panentheism/</a>. Adalwyd 29 December 2020. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1996-61">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood1996_61-0">49.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood1996_61-1">49.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood1996_61-2">49.2</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlood1996">Flood 1996</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSmith1962" class="citation book">Smith, W. C. (1962). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-5fImMZMqNIC">The Meaning and End of Religion</a>. San Francisco: Harper and Row. t. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-0361-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-0361-7"><bdi>978-0-7914-0361-7</bdi></a>. Cyrchwyd 27 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Meaning+and+End+of+Religion&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Harper+and+Row&rft.date=1962&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-0361-7&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=W.+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-5fImMZMqNIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHalbfass1991-63">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHalbfass1991_63-0">51.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHalbfass1991_63-1">51.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHalbfass1991_63-2">51.2</a> <a href="#CITEREFHalbfass1991">Halbfass 1991</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier19941-64"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlostermaier19941_64-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFKlostermaier1994">Klostermaier 1994</a>, t. 1. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholson2010-65"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholson2010_65-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNicholson2010">Nicholson 2010</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-andreapinkney-66">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-andreapinkney_66-0">54.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-andreapinkney_66-1">54.1</a> <cite id="CITEREFPinkney2014" class="citation book">Pinkney, Andrea (2014). Turner, Bryan; Salemink, Oscar (gol.). Routledge Handbook of Religions in Asia. Routledge. tt. 31–32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-415-63503-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-415-63503-5"><bdi>978-0-415-63503-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Routledge+Handbook+of+Religions+in+Asia&rft.pages=31-32&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-415-63503-5&rft.aulast=Pinkney&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHaines2008" class="citation book">Haines, Jeffrey (2008). Routledge Handbook of Religion and Politics. Routledge. t. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-415-60029-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-415-60029-3"><bdi>978-0-415-60029-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Routledge+Handbook+of+Religion+and+Politics&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-415-60029-3&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood199711-68"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood199711_68-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlood1997">Flood 1997</a>, t. 11. </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFFlood1996a" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin Flood (dim tudalen ar gael)">Flood, Gavin</a> (1996a). "The meaning and context of the Purusarthas". In Lipner, Julius (gol.). The Fruits of Our Desiring. tt. 16–21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-896209-30-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-896209-30-2"><bdi>978-1-896209-30-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+meaning+and+context+of+the+Purusarthas&rft.btitle=The+Fruits+of+Our+Desiring&rft.pages=16-21&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-896209-30-2&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tce-70">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-tce_70-0">58.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tce_70-1">58.1</a> <cite class="citation book">"Dharma". The Columbia Encyclopedia (arg. 6th). Columbia University Press. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7876-5015-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7876-5015-5"><bdi>978-0-7876-5015-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dharma&rft.btitle=The+Columbia+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-7876-5015-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vanbuitenen-71">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-vanbuitenen_71-0">59.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vanbuitenen_71-1">59.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vanbuitenen_71-2">59.2</a> Van Buitenen, J. A. B. (April–July 1957). "Dharma and Moksa". Philosophy East and West 7 (1/2): 33–40. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1396832">10.2307/1396832</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/1396832">1396832</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKoller1968-72"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKoller1968_72-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFKoller1968">Koller 1968</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002a-73">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002a_73-0">61.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002a_73-1">61.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFLochtefeld2002a">Lochtefeld 2002a</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-bruces-74"><a href="#cite_ref-bruces_74-0">↑</a> Bruce Sullivan (1997), Historical Dictionary of Hinduism, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8108-3327-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8108-3327-2">978-0-8108-3327-2</a>, pp. 29–30 </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> Macy, Joanna (1975). "The Dialectics of Desire". Numen 22 (2): 145–60. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F3269765">10.2307/3269765</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/3269765">3269765</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> See: </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERinehart2004-77"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERinehart2004_77-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFRinehart2004">Rinehart 2004</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFLong1980" class="citation book">Long, J. Bruce (1980). "2 Karma and Rebirth in Classical Indian Traditions". In O'Flaherty, Wendy D. (gol.). The concepts of human action and rebirth in the Mahabharata. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-520-03923-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-520-03923-0"><bdi>978-0-520-03923-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=2+Karma+and+Rebirth+in+Classical+Indian+Traditions&rft.btitle=The+concepts+of+human+action+and+rebirth+in+the+Mahabharata&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-520-03923-0&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=J.+Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=58UZWWzqglMC">Hindu spirituality - Volume 25 of Documenta missionalia</a>. Editrice Pontificia Università Gregoriana. 1999. t. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-88-7652-818-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-88-7652-818-7"><bdi>978-88-7652-818-7</bdi></a>. Cyrchwyd 29 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindu+spirituality+-+Volume+25+of+Documenta+missionalia&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Editrice+Pontificia+Universit%C3%A0+Gregoriana&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-88-7652-818-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D58UZWWzqglMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFApte1997" class="citation book">Apte, Vaman S (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/studentsenglishs00apte_271">The Student's English-Sanskrit Dictionary</a> (arg. New). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-0300-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-0300-8"><bdi>978-81-208-0300-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Student%27s+English-Sanskrit+Dictionary&rft.place=Delhi&rft.edition=New&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidas&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0300-8&rft.aulast=Apte&rft.aufirst=Vaman+S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstudentsenglishs00apte_271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSmith1991" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huston_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huston Smith (dim tudalen ar gael)">Smith, Huston</a> (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldsreligions000smit">The World's Religions: Our Great Wisdom Traditions</a>. San Francisco: Harper. t. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-06-250799-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-06-250799-0"><bdi>978-0-06-250799-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World%27s+Religions%3A+Our+Great+Wisdom+Traditions&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Harper&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-06-250799-0&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Huston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldsreligions000smit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> Karl Potter (1964), "The Naturalistic Principle of Karma", Philosophy East and West, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Apr. 1964), pp. 39–49 </li> <li id="cite_note-wdointro-83">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-wdointro_83-0">71.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wdointro_83-1">71.1</a> Wendy D. O'Flaherty (1980), Karma and Rebirth in Classical Indian Traditions, University of California Press, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-520-03923-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-520-03923-0">978-0-520-03923-0</a>, pp. xi–xxv (Introduction) and 3–37 </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a> Karl Potter (1980), in Karma and Rebirth in Classical Indian Traditions (O'Flaherty, Editor), University of California Press, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-520-03923-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-520-03923-0">978-0-520-03923-0</a>, pp. 241–267 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERadhakrishnan1996-85"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERadhakrishnan1996_85-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFRadhakrishnan1996">Radhakrishnan 1996</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFVivekananda2005" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda, Swami</a> (2005). Jnana Yoga. Kessinger Publishing. tt. 301–302. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4254-8288-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4254-8288-6"><bdi>978-1-4254-8288-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jnana+Yoga&rft.pages=301-302&rft.pub=Kessinger+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-4254-8288-6&rft.aulast=Vivekananda&rft.aufirst=Swami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> (8th Printing 1993) </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFChapple1986" class="citation book">Chapple, Christopher Key (1986-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QSrzLfyHvxYC&q=Karma+and+Creativity">Karma and Creativity</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=SUNY_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SUNY Press (dim tudalen ar gael)">SUNY Press</a>. tt. 60–64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-88706-250-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-88706-250-6"><bdi>978-0-88706-250-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karma+and+Creativity&rft.pages=60-64&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1986-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-88706-250-6&rft.aulast=Chapple&rft.aufirst=Christopher+Key&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQSrzLfyHvxYC%26q%3DKarma%2Band%2BCreativity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFChakravarti1991" class="citation book">Chakravarti, Sitansu (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=J_-rASTgw8wC&pg=PA71">Hinduism, a way of life</a>. Motilal Banarsidass. t. 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-0899-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-0899-7"><bdi>978-81-208-0899-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170413105302/https://books.google.com/books?id=J_-rASTgw8wC&pg=PA71">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 13 April 2017. Cyrchwyd 29 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism%2C+a+way+of+life&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0899-7&rft.aulast=Chakravarti&rft.aufirst=Sitansu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJ_-rASTgw8wC%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFGill" class="citation web">Gill, N.S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070317151629/http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/egyptmyth/g/henotheism.htm">"Henotheism"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=About.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="About.com (dim tudalen ar gael)">About, Inc</a>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/egyptmyth/g/henotheism.htm">gwreiddiol</a> ar 17 Mawrth 2007. Cyrchwyd 5 Gorffennaf 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Henotheism&rft.pub=About%2C+Inc&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=N.S&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fancienthistory.about.com%2Fcs%2Fegyptmyth%2Fg%2Fhenotheism.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlood1996">Flood 1996</a>; <a href="#CITEREFKramer1986">Kramer 1986</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMuller1878" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Muller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Muller (dim tudalen ar gael)">Muller, Max</a> (1878). Lectures on the Origins and Growth of Religions: As Illustrated by the Religions of India. Longmans Green & Co. tt. 260–271.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lectures+on+the+Origins+and+Growth+of+Religions%3A+As+Illustrated+by+the+Religions+of+India&rft.pages=260-271&rft.pub=Longmans+Green+%26+Co&rft.date=1878&rft.aulast=Muller&rft.aufirst=Max&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> <cite id="CITEREFWilkins1882" class="citation book">Wilkins, William Joseph (1882). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=ZBUHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA8">Hindu Mythology: Vedic and Purānic</a>. Calcutta: London Missionary Society. t. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindu+Mythology%3A+Vedic+and+Pur%C4%81nic&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=London+Missionary+Society&rft.date=1882&rft.aulast=Wilkins&rft.aufirst=William+Joseph&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZBUHAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a> Raghavendrachar, H.N. (1944). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eprints.uni-mysore.ac.in/15675/1/12MONISMINTHEVEDAS.pdf">"Monism in the Vedas"</a>. The Half-yearly Journal of the Mysore University 4 (2): 137–152. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://eprints.uni-mysore.ac.in/15675/1/12MONISMINTHEVEDAS.pdf">http://eprints.uni-mysore.ac.in/15675/1/12MONISMINTHEVEDAS.pdf</a>. Werner, K. (1982). "Men, gods and powers in the Vedic outlook". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 114 (1): 14–24. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS0035869X00158575">10.1017/S0035869X00158575</a>. Coward, H. (1995). "The Limits of Scripture: Vivekananda's Reinterpretation of the Vedas". Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies 8 (1): 45–47. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.7825%2F2164-6279.1116">10.7825/2164-6279.1116</a>. "There is little doubt that the theo-monistic category is an appropriate one for viewing a wide variety of experiences in the Hindu tradition" </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonier-Williams1974-94"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonier-Williams1974_94-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFMonier-Williams1974">Monier-Williams 1974</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-bhaskaranandaessential-95"><a href="#cite_ref-bhaskaranandaessential_95-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBhaskarananda1994">Bhaskarananda 1994</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVivekananda1987-96"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVivekananda1987_96-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFVivekananda1987">Vivekananda 1987</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> John Koller, Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion, gol. Chad Meister a Paul Copan (Routledge, 2012), tt.99–107 </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a> Lance Nelson, "Living liberation in Shankara and classical Advaita", yn Living Liberation in Hindu Thought, gol. Andrew O. Fort a Patricia Y. Mumme (State University of New York Press, 19996), tt.38–39, 59 (n.105) </li> <li id="cite_note-R_Prasad_2009_pages_345-347-99"><a href="#cite_ref-R_Prasad_2009_pages_345-347_99-0">↑</a> R Prasad (2009), A Historical-developmental Study of Classical Indian Philosophy of Morals, Concept Publishing, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-8069-595-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-8069-595-7">978-81-8069-595-7</a>, pages 345–347 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEliade2009-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEliade2009_100-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFEliade2009">Eliade 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERadhakrishnanMoore1967-101"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERadhakrishnanMoore1967_101-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFRadhakrishnanMoore1967">Radhakrishnan & Moore 1967</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonier-Williams2001-102"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonier-Williams2001_102-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFMonier-Williams2001">Monier-Williams 2001</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWerner200513,_45-103"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWerner200513,_45_103-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFWerner2005">Werner 2005</a>, tt. 13, 45. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENath2001-104"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENath2001_104-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFNath2001">Nath 2001</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFlood1996113,_134,_155–161,_167–168-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFlood1996113,_134,_155–161,_167–168_105-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFFlood1996">Flood 1996</a>, tt. 113, 134, 155–161, 167–168. </li> <li id="cite_note-lancenelson-106"><a href="#cite_ref-lancenelson_106-0">↑</a> (<a href="#CITEREFEspínNickoloff2007">Espín & Nickoloff 2007</a>, pp. 562–563) </li> <li id="cite_note-sskumar-107"><a href="#cite_ref-sskumar_107-0">↑</a> SS Kumar (2010), Bhakti – the Yoga of Love, LIT Verlag Münster, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-643-50130-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-643-50130-1">978-3-643-50130-1</a>, pp. 35–36 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELipner2009371–375-108"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELipner2009371–375_108-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLipner2009">Lipner 2009</a>, tt. 371–375. </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFMuesse2011">Muesse 2011</a>. "rituals daily prescribe routine" </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHeitzmanWorden1996145–146-110"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHeitzmanWorden1996145–146_110-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFHeitzmanWorden1996">Heitzman & Worden 1996</a>, tt. 145–146. </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a> Sharma, A (1985). "Marriage in the Hindu religious tradition". Journal of Ecumenical Studies 22 (1): 69–80. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996-113">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996_113-0">99.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996_113-1">99.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996_113-2">99.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoldrege1996_113-3">99.3</a> <a href="#CITEREFHoldrege1996">Holdrege 1996</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Coward2008p114-114"><a href="#cite_ref-Coward2008p114_114-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFCoward2008">Coward 2008</a>: "For the Mimamsa the ultimate reality is nothing other than the eternal words of the Vedas. They did not accept the existence of a single supreme creator god, who might have composed the Veda. According to the Mimamsa, gods named in the Vedas have no existence apart from the mantras that speak their names. The power of the gods, then, is nothing other than the power of the mantras that name them." </li> <li id="cite_note-sandrarobinson-115">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-sandrarobinson_115-0">101.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sandrarobinson_115-1">101.1</a> <cite id="CITEREFRobinson2007" class="citation book">Robinson, Sandra (2007). Cush, Denise (gol.). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Routledge. tt. 908–912. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7007-1267-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7007-1267-0"><bdi>978-0-7007-1267-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism&rft.pages=908-912&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1267-0&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yustf-116">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-yustf_116-0">102.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-yustf_116-1">102.1</a> <cite id="CITEREFYust2005" class="citation book">Yust, Karen-Marie (2005). "Sacred Celebrations". Nurturing Child and Adolescent Spirituality. Rowman & Littlefield. t. 234. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7425-4463-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7425-4463-5"><bdi>978-0-7425-4463-5</bdi></a>. See also Chapter 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sacred+Celebrations&rft.btitle=Nurturing+Child+and+Adolescent+Spirituality&rft.pages=234&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-7425-4463-5&rft.aulast=Yust&rft.aufirst=Karen-Marie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-denisecushf-117">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-denisecushf_117-0">103.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-denisecushf_117-1">103.1</a> <cite id="CITEREFRobinson2007" class="citation book">Robinson, Sandra (2007). Cush, Denise (gol.). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Routledge. t. 907. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7007-1267-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7007-1267-0"><bdi>978-0-7007-1267-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism&rft.pages=907&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7007-1267-0&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFFoulstonAbbott2009" class="citation book">Foulston, Lynn; Abbott, Stuart (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesbe0000foul">Hindu Goddesses: Beliefs and Practices</a>. Sussex Academic Press. t. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hindugoddessesbe0000foul/page/155">155</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-902210-43-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-902210-43-8"><bdi>978-1-902210-43-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindu+Goddesses%3A+Beliefs+and+Practices&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-902210-43-8&rft.aulast=Foulston&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.au=Abbott%2C+Stuart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhindugoddessesbe0000foul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHolberg2000" class="citation book">Holberg, Dale, gol. (2000). "Festival calendar of India". Students' Britannica India. 2. Encyclopædia Britannica (India). t. 120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85229-760-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85229-760-5"><bdi>978-0-85229-760-5</bdi></a>. <q>Raksha Bandhan (also called Rakhi), when girls and women tie a rakhi (a symbolic thread) on their brothers' wrists and pray for their prosperity, happiness and goodwill. The brothers, in turn, give their sisters a token gift and promise protection.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Festival+calendar+of+India&rft.btitle=Students%27+Britannica+India&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+%28India%29&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-85229-760-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFFrazier2015" class="citation book">Frazier, Jessica (2015). The Bloomsbury Companion to Hindu Studies. Bloomsbury Academic. tt. 255, 271–273. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4725-1151-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4725-1151-5"><bdi>978-1-4725-1151-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bloomsbury+Companion+to+Hindu+Studies&rft.pages=255%2C+271-273&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Academic&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-4725-1151-5&rft.aulast=Frazier&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFuller2004-121"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFuller2004_121-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFFuller2004">Fuller 2004</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002n-122"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELochtefeld2002n_122-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFLochtefeld2002n">Lochtefeld 2002n</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJacobsen2013-123">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJacobsen2013_123-0">109.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJacobsen2013_123-1">109.1</a> <a href="#CITEREFJacobsen2013">Jacobsen 2013</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBhardwaj1983-124"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBhardwaj1983_124-0">↑</a> <a href="#CITEREFBhardwaj1983">Bhardwaj 1983</a>, t. 2. </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSharmaSinhaBanerjee2009" class="citation book">Sharma, Krishan; Sinha, Anil Kishore; Banerjee, Bijon Gopal (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RrkUMlsu_YIC">Anthropological Dimensions of Pilgrimage</a>. Northern Book Centre. tt. 3–5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-89091-09-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-89091-09-5"><bdi>978-81-89091-09-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anthropological+Dimensions+of+Pilgrimage&rft.pages=3-5&rft.pub=Northern+Book+Centre&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-81-89091-09-5&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Krishan&rft.au=Sinha%2C+Anil+Kishore&rft.au=Banerjee%2C+Bijon+Gopal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRrkUMlsu_YIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMaw1997" class="citation book">Maw, Geoffrey Waring (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IarXAAAAMAAJ">Pilgrims in Hindu Holy Land: Sacred Shrines of the Indian Himalayas</a>. Sessions Book Trust. t. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-85072-190-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-85072-190-1"><bdi>978-1-85072-190-1</bdi></a>. Cyrchwyd 5 Gorffennaf 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pilgrims+in+Hindu+Holy+Land%3A+Sacred+Shrines+of+the+Indian+Himalayas&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Sessions+Book+Trust&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-1-85072-190-1&rft.aulast=Maw&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+Waring&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIarXAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:30em; -webkit-column-count:30em; column-count:30em;margin-left:1.5em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAcriCreeseGriffiths2011" class="citation book">Acri, Andrea; Creese, Helen; Griffiths, Arlo, gol. (2011). From Lanka Eastwards: The Ramayaṇa in the Literature and Visual Arts of Indonesia. 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A New Source Book of Advaita Vedanta, World Wisdom, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0941532525" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0941532525">978-0941532525</a></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDirks2001" class="citation book">Dirks, Nicholas (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/castesofmindcolo0000dirk">Castes of Mind: Colonialism and the Making of Modern India</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton University Press (dim tudalen ar gael)">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9-780-691-08895-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9-780-691-08895-2"><bdi>9-780-691-08895-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Castes+of+Mind%3A+Colonialism+and+the+Making+of+Modern+India&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9-780-691-08895-2&rft.aulast=Dirks&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcastesofmindcolo0000dirk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_M._W._Dixon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert M. W. Dixon (dim tudalen ar gael)">Dixon, R. M. W.</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_oceania_1996-12_67_2/page/127">"Origin legends and linguistic relationships"</a>. 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Eaton (dim tudalen ar gael)">Eaton, Richard M.</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160527003759/http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft067n99v9;brand=ucpress">The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760</a>. University of California Press. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft067n99v9;brand=ucpress">gwreiddiol</a> ar 27 Mai 2016. Cyrchwyd 8 Awst 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+Islam+and+the+Bengal+Frontier%2C+1204%E2%80%931760&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Richard+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublishing.cdlib.org%2Fucpressebooks%2Fview%3FdocId%3Dft067n99v9%3Bbrand%3Ducpress&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_M._Eaton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard M. Eaton (dim tudalen ar gael)">Eaton, Richard M.</a> (2000a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/txt_eaton_temples1.pdf">"Temple desecration in pre-modern India. Part I"</a>. Frontline. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/txt_eaton_temples1.pdf">http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00islamlinks/txt_eaton_temples1.pdf</a>. Adalwyd 8 Awst 2015.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEaton2006" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_M._Eaton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard M. Eaton (dim tudalen ar gael)">Eaton, Richard M.</a> (2006). "Introduction". In Chatterjee, Indrani; Eaton, Richard M. (gol.). Slavery and South Asian History. Indiana University Press 0–2533. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-253-34810-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-253-34810-4"><bdi>978-0-253-34810-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Slavery+and+South+Asian+History&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press+0%E2%80%932533&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-253-34810-4&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Richard+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEck2012" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diana_L._Eck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diana L. Eck (dim tudalen ar gael)">Eck, Diana L.</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uD_0P6gS-vMC">India: A Sacred Geography</a>. Harmony. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-385-53190-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-385-53190-0"><bdi>978-0-385-53190-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%3A+A+Sacred+Geography&rft.pub=Harmony&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-385-53190-0&rft.aulast=Eck&rft.aufirst=Diana+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuD_0P6gS-vMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEck2013" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diana_L._Eck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diana L. Eck (dim tudalen ar gael)">Eck, Diana L.</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PyC4o7i9tnEC">India: A Sacred Geography</a>. Random House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-385-53192-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-385-53192-4"><bdi>978-0-385-53192-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%3A+A+Sacred+Geography&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-385-53192-4&rft.aulast=Eck&rft.aufirst=Diana+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPyC4o7i9tnEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEliade1970" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mircea_Eliade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mircea Eliade (dim tudalen ar gael)">Eliade, Mircea</a> (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/yogaimmortalityf0000elia">Yoga: Immortality and Freedom</a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-01764-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-01764-8"><bdi>978-0-691-01764-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yoga%3A+Immortality+and+Freedom&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=978-0-691-01764-8&rft.aulast=Eliade&rft.aufirst=Mircea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fyogaimmortalityf0000elia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEliade2009" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mircea_Eliade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mircea Eliade (dim tudalen ar gael)">Eliade, Mircea</a> (2009). Yoga: Immortality and Freedom. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-14203-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-14203-6"><bdi>978-0-691-14203-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yoga%3A+Immortality+and+Freedom&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-691-14203-6&rft.aulast=Eliade&rft.aufirst=Mircea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEmbree1988" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ainslie_Embree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ainslie Embree (dim tudalen ar gael)">Embree, Ainslie T.</a> (1988). Sources of Indian Tradition. Vol. 1: From the beginning to 1800 (arg. 2nd). Columbia University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sources+of+Indian+Tradition.+Vol.+1%3A+From+the+beginning+to+1800&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Embree&rft.aufirst=Ainslie+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEspínNickoloff2007" class="citation book">Espín, Orlando O.; Nickoloff, James B., gol. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductorydict0000unse">An Introductory Dictionary of Theology and Religious Studies</a>. Liturgical Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8146-5856-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8146-5856-7"><bdi>978-0-8146-5856-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introductory+Dictionary+of+Theology+and+Religious+Studies&rft.pub=Liturgical+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8146-5856-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductorydict0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2003" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Esposito&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Esposito (dim tudalen ar gael)">Esposito, John</a> (2003). "Suhrawardi Tariqah". The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-512559-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-512559-7"><bdi>978-0-19-512559-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Suhrawardi+Tariqah&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Islam&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-19-512559-7&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFeuerstein2002" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georg_Feuerstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georg Feuerstein (dim tudalen ar gael)">Feuerstein, Georg</a> (2002). The Yoga Tradition. Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-935001-06-9" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-935001-06-9"><bdi>978-3-935001-06-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Yoga+Tradition&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-3-935001-06-9&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Georg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFlood1996" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin Flood (dim tudalen ar gael)">Flood, Gavin D.</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontohi0000floo">An Introduction to Hinduism</a>. 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Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-565039-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-565039-6"><bdi>978-0-19-565039-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Meaning+and+Context+of+the+Puru%E1%B9%A3%C4%81rthas&rft.btitle=The+Bhagavadg%C4%ABt%C4%81+for+Our+Times&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-19-565039-6&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFlood2003" class="citation book">Flood, Gavin, gol. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/blackwellcompani00floo">The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism</a>. Blackwell Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4051-3251-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4051-3251-0"><bdi>978-1-4051-3251-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+Companion+to+Hinduism&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-3251-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fblackwellcompani00floo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-631-21535-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-631-21535-6">978-0-631-21535-6</a>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFlood2006" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin Flood (dim tudalen ar gael)">Flood, Gavin</a> (2006). The Tantric Body. The Secret Tradition of Hindu Religion. I.B Taurus.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tantric+Body.+The+Secret+Tradition+of+Hindu+Religion&rft.pub=I.B+Taurus&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFlood2008" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin Flood (dim tudalen ar gael)">Flood, Gavin</a> (2008). The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism. John Wiley & Sons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+Companion+to+Hinduism&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFowler1997" class="citation book">Fowler, Jeaneane D. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RmGKHu20hA0C">Hinduism: Beliefs and Practices</a>. Sussex Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-898723-60-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-898723-60-8"><bdi>978-1-898723-60-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170122044339/https://books.google.com/books?id=RmGKHu20hA0C">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 22 Ionawr 2017. 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(1996), Veda and Torah: Transcending the Textuality of Scripture, SUNY Press, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-1639-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-1639-6">978-0-7914-1639-6</a></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHolmBowker2001" class="citation book">Holm, Jean; Bowker, John (2001) [1994]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5xlfCgAAQBAJ">Sacred Place</a> (pb.). Continuum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8264-5303-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8264-5303-7"><bdi>978-0-8264-5303-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sacred+Place&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8264-5303-7&rft.aulast=Holm&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=Bowker%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5xlfCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-6235-6623-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-6235-6623-4">978-1-6235-6623-4</a></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHopfeWoodward2008" class="citation book">Hopfe, Lewis M.; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_R._Woodward&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark R. 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Hinduism & Hierarchy in Bali. Oxford: James Currey. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85255-914-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-85255-914-7"><bdi>978-0-85255-914-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism+%26+Hierarchy+in+Bali&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=James+Currey&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-85255-914-7&rft.aulast=Howe&rft.aufirst=Leo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFInden1978" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Inden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Inden (dim tudalen ar gael)">Inden, Ronald</a> (1978). "Ritual, Authority, and Cycle Time in Hindu Kingship". In John F. Richards (gol.). 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V.</a> (1953). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfDharmasastraancientAndMediaevalReligiousAndCivilLawV.4">History of Dharmaśāstra: Ancient and Medieval Religious and Civil Law in India</a>. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Dharma%C5%9B%C4%81stra%3A+Ancient+and+Medieval+Religious+and+Civil+Law+in+India&rft.date=1953&rft.aulast=Kane&rft.aufirst=P.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FHistoryOfDharmasastraancientAndMediaevalReligiousAndCivilLawV.4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKhanna2007" class="citation book">Khanna, Meenakshi (2007). Cultural History Of Medieval India. 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Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8248-2779-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8248-2779-3"><bdi>978-0-8248-2779-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Worshiping+Siva+and+Buddha%3A+The+Temple+Art+of+East+Java&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-2779-3&rft.aulast=Kinney&rft.aufirst=Ann+R.&rft.au=Klokke%2C+Marijke+J.&rft.au=Kieven%2C+Lydia&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsfa2FiIERLYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKlostermaier1994" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klaus_Klostermaier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klaus Klostermaier (dim tudalen ar gael)">Klostermaier, Klaus K.</a> (1994). 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SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-7082-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-7082-4"><bdi>978-0-7914-7082-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Divine+Presence+in+Space+and+Time+%E2%80%93+Murti%2C+Tirtha%2C+Kala&rft.btitle=A+Survey+of+Hinduism&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2007-07-05&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-7082-4&rft.aulast=Klostermaier&rft.aufirst=Klaus+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsurveyofhinduism0003klos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li>Klostermaier, Klaus K. (2007b), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P0VCO1900dMC">Hinduism: A Beginner's Guide</a>, Oneworld Publications, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-78074-026-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-78074-026-3">978-1-78074-026-3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P0VCO1900dMC">https://books.google.com/books?id=P0VCO1900dMC</a>, adalwyd 29 December 2020</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKlostermaier2010" class="citation book">Klostermaier, Klaus K. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8CVviRghVtIC">A Survey of Hinduism</a> (arg. 3rd). SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-8011-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-8011-3"><bdi>978-0-7914-8011-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Survey+of+Hinduism&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-8011-3&rft.aulast=Klostermaier&rft.aufirst=Klaus+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8CVviRghVtIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li>Klostermaier, Klaus K. (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v1UQBwAAQBAJ">A Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism</a>, Oneworld Publications, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-7807-4672-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-7807-4672-2">978-1-7807-4672-2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v1UQBwAAQBAJ">https://books.google.com/books?id=v1UQBwAAQBAJ</a>, adalwyd 29 December 2020</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKnott1998" class="citation book">Knott, Kim (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p4kzNzII3zAC&pg=PA6">Hinduism: A Very Short Introduction</a>. 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"Puruṣārtha as Human Aims". Philosophy East and West 18 (4): 315–319. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1398408">10.2307/1398408</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/1398408">1398408</a>.</li> <li>Koller, John M. (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_philosophy-east-and-west_1984-04_34_2/page/234">"The Sacred Thread: Hinduism in Its Continuity and Diversity, by J. L. Brockington (Book Review)"</a>. 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Paulist Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8091-2781-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8091-2781-8"><bdi>978-0-8091-2781-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Scriptures%3A+An+Introduction+to+Comparative+Religions&rft.pub=Paulist+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-8091-2781-8&rft.aulast=Kramer&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldscripturesi0000kram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKramrisch1976a" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stella_Kramrisch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stella Kramrisch (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kramrisch, Stella</a> (1976a). The Hindu Temple. 1. 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Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-0224-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-0224-7"><bdi>978-81-208-0224-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+Temple&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-81-208-0224-7&rft.aulast=Kramrisch&rft.aufirst=Stella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li>Kurien, Prema (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_social-forces_2006-12_85_2/page/723">"Multiculturalism and American Religion: The Case of Hindu Indian Americans"</a>. Social Forces 85 (2): 723–741. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1353%2Fsof.2007.0015">10.1353/sof.2007.0015</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_social-forces_2006-12_85_2/page/723">https://archive.org/details/sim_social-forces_2006-12_85_2/page/723</a>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLarson1995" class="citation book">Larson, Gerald (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wIOSb97ph3EC">India's Agony Over Religion</a>. 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Westminster John Knox Press. tt. 179–198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9781611640472" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9781611640472"><bdi>9781611640472</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hinduism&rft.btitle=World+Religions+in+America%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pages=179-198&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781611640472&rft.aulast=Larson&rft.aufirst=Gerald+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D34vGv_HDGG8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li>Leaf, Murray J. 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Abingdon: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-203-86464-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-203-86464-7"><bdi>978-0-203-86464-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/812916971">812916971</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindus%3A+their+religious+beliefs+and+practices&rft.place=Abingdon&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F812916971&rft.isbn=978-0-203-86464-7&rft.aulast=Lipner&rft.aufirst=Julius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhindustheirrelig0002edlipn_u8c4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLochtefeld2002a" class="citation book">Lochtefeld, James G. 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Cyrchwyd 10 Tachwedd 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism%3A+A-M&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8239-3179-8&rft.aulast=Lochtefeld&rft.aufirst=James+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5kl0DYIjUPgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8239-2287-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8239-2287-1">978-0-8239-2287-1</a>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLochtefeld2002n" class="citation book">Lochtefeld, James G. (2002n). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch">The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z</a>. The Rosen Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8239-3180-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8239-3180-4"><bdi>978-0-8239-3180-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism%3A+N-Z&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-8239-3180-4&rft.aulast=Lochtefeld&rft.aufirst=James+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fillustratedencyc0000loch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLockard2007" class="citation book">Lockard, Craig A. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yJPlCpzOY_QC">Societies, Networks, and Transitions. Volume I: to 1500</a>. Cengage Learning. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-618-38612-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-618-38612-3"><bdi>978-0-618-38612-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161126122832/https://books.google.com/books?id=yJPlCpzOY_QC">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 26 Tachwedd 2016. Cyrchwyd 27 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Societies%2C+Networks%2C+and+Transitions.+Volume+I%3A+to+1500&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-618-38612-3&rft.aulast=Lockard&rft.aufirst=Craig+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyJPlCpzOY_QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLong2013" class="citation book">Long, Jeffrey D. (2013). Jainism: An Introduction. I. B. 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Comparative Studies in Society and History 41 (4): 630–659. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0010417599003084">10.1017/s0010417599003084</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_comparative-studies-in-society-and-history_1999-10_41_4/page/630">https://archive.org/details/sim_comparative-studies-in-society-and-history_1999-10_41_4/page/630</a>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLorenzen2002" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_N._Lorenzen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David N. Lorenzen (dim tudalen ar gael)">Lorenzen, David N.</a> (2002). "Early Evidence for Tantric Religion". In Harper, Katherine Anne; Brown, Robert L. (gol.). The Roots of Tantra. State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-5306-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7914-5306-3"><bdi>978-0-7914-5306-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Early+Evidence+for+Tantric+Religion&rft.btitle=The+Roots+of+Tantra&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-5306-3&rft.aulast=Lorenzen&rft.aufirst=David+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLorenzen2006" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Lorenzen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Lorenzen (dim tudalen ar gael)">Lorenzen, David N.</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SO-YmMWpcVEC">Who Invented Hinduism: Essays on Religion in History</a>. Yoda Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-902272-6-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-902272-6-1"><bdi>978-81-902272-6-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170103164759/https://books.google.com/books?id=SO-YmMWpcVEC">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 3 Ionawr 2017. Cyrchwyd 27 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+Invented+Hinduism%3A+Essays+on+Religion+in+History&rft.pub=Yoda+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-81-902272-6-1&rft.aulast=Lorenzen&rft.aufirst=David+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSO-YmMWpcVEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMalik2008" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamal_Malik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamal Malik (dim tudalen ar gael)">Malik, Jamal</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islaminsouthasia0000mali_t5l2">Islam in South Asia: A Short History</a>. Brill Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-90-04-16859-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-90-04-16859-6"><bdi>978-90-04-16859-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+in+South+Asia%3A+A+Short+History&rft.pub=Brill+Academic&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-90-04-16859-6&rft.aulast=Malik&rft.aufirst=Jamal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislaminsouthasia0000mali_t5l2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMarsh2015" class="citation book">Marsh, Donna (May 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7_brBQAAQBAJ&q=saudi+arabia+hindu+idol+icon&pg=PT79">Doing Business in the Middle East: A cultural and practical guide for all business professionals</a>. Little, Brown Book Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9781472135674" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9781472135674"><bdi>9781472135674</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Doing+Business+in+the+Middle+East%3A+A+cultural+and+practical+guide+for+all+business+professionals&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+Book+Group&rft.date=2015-05-11&rft.isbn=9781472135674&rft.aulast=Marsh&rft.aufirst=Donna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7_brBQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dsaudi%2Barabia%2Bhindu%2Bidol%2Bicon%26pg%3DPT79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMcMahan2008" class="citation book">McMahan, David L. (2008). The Making of Buddhist Modernism. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-518327-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-518327-6"><bdi>978-0-19-518327-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Buddhist+Modernism&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-19-518327-6&rft.aulast=McMahan&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMeltonBaumann2010" class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._Gordon_Melton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. Gordon Melton (dim tudalen ar gael)">Melton, J. Gordon</a>; Baumann, Martin, gol. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=v2yiyLLOj88C">Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices</a>. 6-volume Set (arg. 2nd). Santa Barbara; Denver; Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=ABC-Clio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABC-Clio (dim tudalen ar gael)">ABC-Clio</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-59884-203-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-59884-203-6"><bdi>978-1-59884-203-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160530001305/https://books.google.com/books?id=v2yiyLLOj88C">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 2016-05-30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religions+of+the+world%3A+a+comprehensive+encyclopedia+of+beliefs+and+practices&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%3B+Denver%3B+Oxford&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-203-6&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv2yiyLLOj88C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMichaels2004" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Axel_Michaels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Axel Michaels (dim tudalen ar gael)">Michaels, Axel</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jID3TuoiOMQC">Hinduism: Past and Present</a>. Cyfieithwyd gan Harshav, Barbara. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-08953-9" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-08953-9"><bdi>978-0-691-08953-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170205003241/https://books.google.com/books?id=jID3TuoiOMQC">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 5 Chwefror 2017. 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University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-226-53230-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-226-53230-1"><bdi>978-0-226-53230-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170204224928/https://books.google.com/books?id=ajgImLs62gwC">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 4 Chwefror 2017. Cyrchwyd 27 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+Temple%3A+An+Introduction+to+Its+Meaning+and+Forms&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-226-53230-1&rft.aulast=Michell&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DajgImLs62gwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMichell1988" class="citation book">Michell, George (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hindutempleintro0000mich">The Hindu Temple: An Introduction to Its Meaning and Forms</a>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-226-53230-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-226-53230-1"><bdi>978-0-226-53230-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+Temple%3A+An+Introduction+to+Its+Meaning+and+Forms&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-226-53230-1&rft.aulast=Michell&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhindutempleintro0000mich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMisra2004" class="citation book">Misra, Amalendu (2004). Identity and Religion: Foundations of Anti-Islamism in India. SAGE.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Identity+and+Religion%3A+Foundations+of+Anti-Islamism+in+India&rft.pub=SAGE&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Misra&rft.aufirst=Amalendu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMonier-Williams1974" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monier_Monier-Williams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monier Monier-Williams (dim tudalen ar gael)">Monier-Williams, Monier</a> (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U5IBXA4UpT0C">Brahmanism and Hinduism: Or, Religious Thought and Life in India, as Based on the Veda and Other Sacred Books of the Hindus</a>. Elibron Classics. Adamant Media Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4212-6531-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-4212-6531-5"><bdi>978-1-4212-6531-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201229174256/https://books.google.com/books?id=U5IBXA4UpT0C">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 29 December 2020. 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Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-516655-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-516655-2"><bdi>978-0-19-516655-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Was+Hinduism+Invented%3F%3A+Britons%2C+Indians%2C+and+the+Colonial+Construction&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-516655-2&rft.aulast=Pennington&rft.aufirst=Brian+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwashinduisminven0000penn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPhuongLockhart2011" class="citation book">Phuong, Tran Ky; Lockhart, Bruce (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=GUHeBgAAQBAJ">The Cham of Vietnam: History, Society and Art</a>. NUS Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-9971-69-459-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-9971-69-459-3"><bdi>978-9971-69-459-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cham+of+Vietnam%3A+History%2C+Society+and+Art&rft.pub=NUS+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-9971-69-459-3&rft.aulast=Phuong&rft.aufirst=Tran+Ky&rft.au=Lockhart%2C+Bruce&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGUHeBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPossehl2002" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_Possehl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory Possehl (dim tudalen ar gael)">Possehl, Gregory L.</a> (11 Tachwedd 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XVgeAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA154">"Indus religion"</a>. The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. Rowman Altamira. tt. 141–156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7591-1642-9" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7591-1642-9"><bdi>978-0-7591-1642-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Indus+religion&rft.btitle=The+Indus+Civilization%3A+A+Contemporary+Perspective&rft.pages=141-156&rft.pub=Rowman+Altamira&rft.date=2002-11-11&rft.isbn=978-0-7591-1642-9&rft.aulast=Possehl&rft.aufirst=Gregory+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXVgeAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPrentiss2014" class="citation book">Prentiss, Karen Pechilis (2014). The Embodiment of Bhakti. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-535190-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-535190-3"><bdi>978-0-19-535190-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Embodiment+of+Bhakti&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-535190-3&rft.aulast=Prentiss&rft.aufirst=Karen+Pechilis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/intejethi.33.1.2377174">"The Hindu Dharma"</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Journal_of_Ethics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Journal of Ethics (dim tudalen ar gael)">International Journal of Ethics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Chicago_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Chicago Press (dim tudalen ar gael)">University of Chicago Press</a>) 33 (1): 1-22. October 1922. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2Fintejethi.33.1.2377174">10.1086/intejethi.33.1.2377174</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1539-297X">1539-297X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/2377174">2377174</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/intejethi.33.1.2377174">https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/intejethi.33.1.2377174</a>. Adalwyd 30 December 2021.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRadhakrishnanMoore1967" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Radhakrishnan, S.</a>; Moore, C. A. (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sourcebookinindi00radh">A Source Book in Indian Philosophy</a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-01958-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-691-01958-1"><bdi>978-0-691-01958-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Source+Book+in+Indian+Philosophy&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=978-0-691-01958-1&rft.aulast=Radhakrishnan&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Moore%2C+C.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsourcebookinindi00radh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRadhakrishnan1996" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (dim tudalen ar gael)">Radhakrishnan, S.</a> (1996). Indian Philosophy. 1. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-563820-2" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-19-563820-2"><bdi>978-0-19-563820-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Philosophy&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-19-563820-2&rft.aulast=Radhakrishnan&rft.aufirst=S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRaju1992" class="citation book">Raju, P. T. (1992). The Philosophical Traditions of India. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philosophical+Traditions+of+India&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Raju&rft.aufirst=P.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRenou1964" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Renou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Renou (dim tudalen ar gael)">Renou, Louis</a> (1964). The Nature of Hinduism. Walker.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Nature+of+Hinduism&rft.pub=Walker&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Renou&rft.aufirst=Louis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRichman1988" class="citation book">Richman, Paula (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womenbranchstori0000rich">Women, branch stories, and religious rhetoric in a Tamil Buddhist text</a>. Buffalo, NY: Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-915984-90-9" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-915984-90-9"><bdi>978-0-915984-90-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women%2C+branch+stories%2C+and+religious+rhetoric+in+a+Tamil+Buddhist+text&rft.place=Buffalo%2C+NY&rft.pub=Maxwell+School+of+Citizenship+and+Public+Affairs%2C+Syracuse+University&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-915984-90-9&rft.aulast=Richman&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwomenbranchstori0000rich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRinehart2004" class="citation book">Rinehart, Robin (2004). Contemporary Hinduism: Ritual, Culture, and Practice. ABC-CLIO.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Hinduism%3A+Ritual%2C+Culture%2C+and+Practice&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Rinehart&rft.aufirst=Robin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRocher1986" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludo_Rocher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludo Rocher (dim tudalen ar gael)">Rocher, Ludo</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n0-4RJh5FgoC">The Puranas</a>. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-447-02522-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-447-02522-5"><bdi>978-3-447-02522-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Puranas&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-3-447-02522-5&rft.aulast=Rocher&rft.aufirst=Ludo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn0-4RJh5FgoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nodyn:Harvc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nodyn:Harvc (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nodyn:Harvc</a></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRoer1908" class="citation book">Roer, Edward (Translator) (1908). "Shankara's Introduction". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?id=3uwDAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA2">The Brīhād Aranyaka Upanishad</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shankara%27s+Introduction&rft.btitle=The+Br%C4%ABh%C4%81d+Aranyaka+Upanishad&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Roer&rft.aufirst=Edward+%28Translator%29&rft_id=%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3uwDAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSamuel2008" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Samuel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Samuel (dim tudalen ar gael)">Samuel, Geoffrey</a> (2008). The Origins of Yoga and Tantra: Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-521-69534-3" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-521-69534-3"><bdi>978-0-521-69534-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+Yoga+and+Tantra%3A+Indic+Religions+to+the+Thirteenth+Century&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-521-69534-3&rft.aulast=Samuel&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSamuel2010" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Samuel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Samuel (dim tudalen ar gael)">Samuel, Geoffrey</a> (2010). The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Origins+of+Yoga+and+Tantra.+Indic+Religions+to+the+Thirteenth+Century&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Samuel&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSanderson2009" class="citation book">Sanderson, Alexis (2009). "The Śaiva Age: The Rise and Dominance of Śaivism during the Early Medieval Period". In Einoo, Shingo (gol.). Genesis and Development of Tantrism. Institute of Oriental Culture Special Series. 23. Tokyo: Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+%C5%9Aaiva+Age%3A+The+Rise+and+Dominance+of+%C5%9Aaivism+during+the+Early+Medieval+Period&rft.btitle=Genesis+and+Development+of+Tantrism&rft.place=Tokyo&rft.series=Institute+of+Oriental+Culture+Special+Series&rft.pub=Institute+of+Oriental+Culture%2C+University+of+Tokyo&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Sanderson&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSargeantChapple1984" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Winthrop_Sargeant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Winthrop Sargeant (dim tudalen ar gael)">Sargeant, Winthrop</a>; Chapple, Christopher (1984). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhagavad_Gita_(Sargeant)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhagavad Gita (Sargeant) (dim tudalen ar gael)">The Bhagavad Gita</a>. New York: State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-87395-831-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-87395-831-8"><bdi>978-0-87395-831-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bhagavad+Gita&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0-87395-831-8&rft.aulast=Sargeant&rft.aufirst=Winthrop&rft.au=Chapple%2C+Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSen_Gupta1986" class="citation book">Sen Gupta, Anima (1986). The Evolution of the Sāṃkhya School of Thought. South Asia Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-215-0019-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-215-0019-7"><bdi>978-81-215-0019-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+the+S%C4%81%E1%B9%83khya+School+of+Thought&rft.pub=South+Asia+Books&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-81-215-0019-7&rft.aulast=Sen+Gupta&rft.aufirst=Anima&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li>Sharf, Robert H. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/HistoricalZen/Zen_of_Japanese_Nationalism.html">"The Zen of Japanese Nationalism"</a>. History of Religions 33 (1): 1–43. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2F463354">10.1086/463354</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/HistoricalZen/Zen_of_Japanese_Nationalism.html">http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/HistoricalZen/Zen_of_Japanese_Nationalism.html</a>. Adalwyd 8 December 2013.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSharf1995" class="citation web">Sharf, Robert H. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/CriticalZen/whose%20zen_sharf.pdf">"Whose Zen? Zen Nationalism Revisited"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190202090252/http://www.thezensite.com/ZenEssays/CriticalZen/whose%20zen_sharf.pdf">Archifwyd</a> (PDF) o'r gwreiddiol ar 2 Chwefror 2019. 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Calcutta: Nirmalendra Bikash Sen Gupta.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vaisnava+Sects%2C+Saiva+Sects%2C+Mother+Worship&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pub=Nirmalendra+Bikash+Sen+Gupta&rft.aulast=Tattwananda&rft.aufirst=Swami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.128453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThapar1993" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romila_Thapar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romila Thapar (dim tudalen ar gael)">Thapar, R.</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nlsiu.934.tha.11710">Interpreting Early India</a>. Delhi: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interpreting+Early+India&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Thapar&rft.aufirst=R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnlsiu.934.tha.11710&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFThompson_Platts1884" class="citation book">Thompson Platts, John (1884). A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindī, and English. W. H. Allen & Co., Oxford University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+dictionary+of+Urdu%2C+classical+Hind%C4%AB%2C+and+English&rft.pub=W.+H.+Allen+%26+Co.%2C+Oxford+University&rft.date=1884&rft.aulast=Thompson+Platts&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTiwari2002" class="citation book">Tiwari, Shiv Kumar (2002). Tribal Roots Of Hinduism. Sarup & Sons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tribal+Roots+Of+Hinduism&rft.pub=Sarup+%26+Sons&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Tiwari&rft.aufirst=Shiv+Kumar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFToropovBuckles2011" class="citation book">Toropov, Brandon; Buckles, Luke (2011). The Complete Idiot's Guide to World Religions. Penguin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Idiot%27s+Guide+to+World+Religions&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Toropov&rft.aufirst=Brandon&rft.au=Buckles%2C+Luke&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTurner1996a" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bryan_S._Turner_(sociologist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bryan S. Turner (sociologist) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Turner, Bryan S.</a> (1996a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YDwRcguxbGwC">For Weber: Essays on the Sociology of Fate</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8039-7634-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-8039-7634-4"><bdi>978-0-8039-7634-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201229174249/https://books.google.com/books?id=YDwRcguxbGwC">Archifwyd</a> o'r gwreiddiol ar 29 December 2020. Cyrchwyd 27 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=For+Weber%3A+Essays+on+the+Sociology+of+Fate&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-8039-7634-4&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=Bryan+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYDwRcguxbGwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFViswanathan2003" class="citation book">Viswanathan, G (2003). "Colonialism and the Construction of Hinduism". In Flood, Gavin (gol.). The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism. tt. 23–44. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (dim tudalen ar gael)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9780470998694.ch2">10.1002/9780470998694.ch2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9780470998694" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9780470998694"><bdi>9780470998694</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Colonialism+and+the+Construction+of+Hinduism&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+Companion+to+Hinduism&rft.pages=23-44&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9780470998694.ch2&rft.isbn=9780470998694&rft.aulast=Viswanathan&rft.aufirst=G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVivekananda1987" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda, Swami</a> (1987). Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda. Calcutta: Advaita Ashrama. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-85301-75-4" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-85301-75-4"><bdi>978-81-85301-75-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Complete+Works+of+Swami+Vivekananda&rft.place=Calcutta&rft.pub=Advaita+Ashrama&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-81-85301-75-4&rft.aulast=Vivekananda&rft.aufirst=Swami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVivekjivandas2010" class="citation book">Vivekjivandas (2010). Hinduism: An Introduction - Part 1. Ahmedabad: Swaminarayan Aksharpith. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-7526-433-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-7526-433-5"><bdi>978-81-7526-433-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism%3A+An+Introduction+-+Part+1&rft.place=Ahmedabad&rft.pub=Swaminarayan+Aksharpith&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-81-7526-433-5&rft.au=Vivekjivandas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWalker1968" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Walker_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Walker (author) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Walker, Benjamin</a> (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Hindu_World/6zj3DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0">The Hindu world: an encyclopedic survey of Hinduism</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taylor_%26_Francis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taylor & Francis (dim tudalen ar gael)">Taylor & Francis</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9-780-429-62465-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9-780-429-62465-0"><bdi>9-780-429-62465-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hindu+world%3A+an+encyclopedic+survey+of+Hinduism&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1968&rft.isbn=9-780-429-62465-0&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.in%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FHindu_World%2F6zj3DwAAQBAJ%3Fhl%3Den%26gbpv%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWerner1998" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karel_Werner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karel Werner (dim tudalen ar gael)">Werner, Karel</a> (1998) [1977]. Yoga And Indian Philosophy (arg. Reprint). Motilal Banarsidass. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-1609-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-81-208-1609-1"><bdi>978-81-208-1609-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yoga+And+Indian+Philosophy&rft.edition=Reprint&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1609-1&rft.aulast=Werner&rft.aufirst=Karel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWerner2005" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karel_Werner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karel Werner (dim tudalen ar gael)">Werner, Karel</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HvuQAgAAQBAJ">A Popular Dictionary of Hinduism</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-135-79753-9" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-135-79753-9"><bdi>978-1-135-79753-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Popular+Dictionary+of+Hinduism&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-135-79753-9&rft.aulast=Werner&rft.aufirst=Karel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHvuQAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWhite2000" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Gordon_White&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Gordon White (dim tudalen ar gael)">White, David Gordon</a> (2000). "Introduction". In David Gordon White (gol.). Tantra in Practice. Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Tantra+in+Practice&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=David+Gordon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li>Widgery, Alban G. (Jan 1930). "The Principles of Hindu Ethics". International Journal of Ethics 40 (2): 232–245. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1086%2Fintejethi.40.2.2377977">10.1086/intejethi.40.2.2377977</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/2377977">2377977</a>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWink1991" class="citation book">Wink, Andre (1991). Al-Hind: the Making of the Indo-Islamic World, Volume 1. Brill Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-90-04-09509-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-90-04-09509-0"><bdi>978-90-04-09509-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Al-Hind%3A+the+Making+of+the+Indo-Islamic+World%2C+Volume+1&rft.pub=Brill+Academic&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09509-0&rft.aulast=Wink&rft.aufirst=Andre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li>Witzel, Michael (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejvs.laurasianacademy.com/ejvs0104/ejvs0104article.pdf">"Early Sanskritization: Origin and Development of the Kuru state"</a>. Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies (Praeger) 1 (4). <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ejvs.laurasianacademy.com/ejvs0104/ejvs0104article.pdf">http://www.ejvs.laurasianacademy.com/ejvs0104/ejvs0104article.pdf</a>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFZimmer1951" class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Zimmer" title="Heinrich Zimmer">Zimmer, Heinrich</a> (1951). Philosophies of India. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Princeton_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Princeton University Press (dim tudalen ar gael)">Princeton University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philosophies+of+India&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1951&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.aufirst=Heinrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dolenni_allanol">Dolenni allanol</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Golygu'r adran: Dolenni allanol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hind%C5%B5aeth&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Dolenni allanol">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div class="references-small" style="margin-left:1.5em;"> <dl><dt>Main resources</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFJacobsen" class="citation encyclopaedia"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Knut_A._Jacobsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knut A. Jacobsen (dim tudalen ar gael)">Jacobsen, Knut A.</a>; et al. (gol.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/browse/brill-s-encyclopedia-of-hinduism">Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brill%27s+Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fbrowse%2Fbrill-s-encyclopedia-of-hinduism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><cite class="citation encyclopaedia"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hinduism">"Hinduism"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hinduism&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FHinduism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AHind%C5%B5aeth" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.learnreligions.com/hinduism-4684846">Many articles about Hinduism</a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dotdash&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dotdash (dim tudalen ar gael)">Dotdash</a> (formerly About.com)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nodyn:Curlie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nodyn:Curlie (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nodyn:Curlie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nodyn:Gutenberg_book&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nodyn:Gutenberg book (dim tudalen ar gael)">Nodyn:Gutenberg book</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Hindu views</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iep.utm.edu/hindu-ph/">Hindu Philosophy and Hinduism</a>, IEP, Shyam Ranganathan, York University</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~witzel/vedica.pdf">Vedic Hinduism</a> SW Jamison and M Witzel, Harvard University</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Complete_Works_of_Swami_Vivekananda/Volume_1/Lectures_And_Discourses/The_Hindu_Religion" class="extiw" title="wikisource:The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda/Volume 1/Lectures And Discourses/The Hindu Religion">The Hindu Religion</a>, Swami Vivekananda (1894), Wikisource</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ramakrishna.org/catalog/archive/Spirit_of_Hinduism.htm">Hinduism by Swami Nikhilananda</a>, The Ramakrishna Mission (one of the Theistic Hindu Movements)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dlshq.org/download/hinduismbk.pdf">All About Hinduism by Swami Sivananda (pdf)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191222000944/http://www.dlshq.org/download/hinduismbk.pdf">Archifwyd</a> 22 Rhagfyr 2019 yn y <a href="/wiki/Peiriant_Wayback" title="Peiriant Wayback">Peiriant Wayback</a>, The Divine Life Society (one of the Theistic Hindu Movements)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iep.utm.edu/adv-veda/">Advaita Vedanta Hinduism by Sangeetha Menon</a>, IEP (one of the non-Theistic school of Hindu philosophy)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051103040233/http://hinduism.iskcon.com/">Heart of Hinduism: An overview of Hindu traditions</a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISKCON&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISKCON (dim tudalen ar gael)">ISKCON</a> (Hare Krishna Movement)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hinduismtoday.com/modules/wfchannel/index.php?wfc_cid=21">What is Hinduism?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210418012219/https://www.hinduismtoday.com/modules/wfchannel/index.php?wfc_cid=21">Archifwyd</a> 18 Ebrill 2021 yn y <a href="/wiki/Peiriant_Wayback" title="Peiriant Wayback">Peiriant Wayback</a> by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_Today&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinduism Today (dim tudalen ar gael)">Hinduism Today</a> magazine</li></ul> <dl><dt>Ymchwil</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ochs.org.uk/">"Oxford Centre for Hindu Studies"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Oxford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Oxford (dim tudalen ar gael)">University of Oxford</a> (yn Saesneg).</cite><span 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