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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Chromatic adaptation</b> is the human visual system’s ability to adjust to changes in illumination in order to preserve the appearance of object colors. It is responsible for the stable appearance of object colors despite the wide variation of light which might be reflected from an object and observed by our eyes. A <b>chromatic adaptation transform</b> (<b>CAT</b>) function emulates this important aspect of color perception in <a href="/wiki/Color_appearance_model" title="Color appearance model">color appearance models</a>. </p><p>An object may be viewed under various conditions. For example, it may be illuminated by sunlight, the light of a fire, or a harsh electric light. In all of these situations, human vision perceives that the object has the same color: a red apple always appears red, whether viewed during the day or at night (if the red apple is illuminated as rods in our eyes do not see red). On the other hand, a camera with no adjustment for light may register the apple as having varying color. This feature of the visual system is called chromatic adaptation, or <a href="/wiki/Color_constancy" title="Color constancy">color constancy</a>; when the correction occurs in a camera it is referred to as <a href="/wiki/White_balance" class="mw-redirect" title="White balance">white balance</a>. </p><p>Though the human visual system generally does maintain constant perceived color under different lighting, there are situations where the relative brightness of two different stimuli will appear reversed at different <a href="/wiki/Illuminance" title="Illuminance">illuminance</a> levels. For example, the bright yellow petals of flowers will appear dark compared to the green leaves in dim light while the opposite is true during the day. This is known as the <a href="/wiki/Purkinje_effect" title="Purkinje effect">Purkinje effect</a>, and arises because the peak sensitivity of the human eye shifts toward the blue end of the spectrum at lower light levels. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Von_Kries_transform">Von Kries transform</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatic_adaptation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Von Kries transform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The von Kries chromatic adaptation method is a technique that is sometimes used in camera image processing. The method is to apply a gain to each of the human <a href="/wiki/Cone_cell" title="Cone cell">cone cell</a> spectral sensitivity responses so as to keep the adapted appearance of the reference white constant. The application of <a href="/wiki/Johannes_von_Kries" title="Johannes von Kries">Johannes von Kries</a>'s idea of adaptive gains on the three <a href="/wiki/Cone_cell" title="Cone cell">cone cell</a> types was first explicitly applied to the problem of color constancy by <a href="/wiki/Herbert_E._Ives" title="Herbert E. Ives">Herbert E. Ives</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the method is sometimes referred to as the Ives transform<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the von Kries–Ives adaptation.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Von_Kries_Coefficient_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Von Kries Coefficient Law">von Kries</a> <i>coefficient rule</i> rests on the assumption that <a href="/wiki/Color_constancy" title="Color constancy">color constancy</a> is achieved by individually adapting the gains of the three cone responses, the gains depending on the sensory context, that is, the color history and surround. Thus, the cone responses <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c'}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c'}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f295e32663780aa8800e3106dba9d6e04e57cdc6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.692ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c'}"></span> from two radiant spectra can be matched by appropriate choice of diagonal adaptation matrices <i>D</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>D</i><sub>2</sub>:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c'=D_{1}\,S^{T}\,f_{1}=D_{2}\,S^{T}\,f_{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>c</mi> <mo>′</mo> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msup> <mi>S</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msup> <mi>S</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c'=D_{1}\,S^{T}\,f_{1}=D_{2}\,S^{T}\,f_{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/855871156203bb8f2a8e9180fb4c5d0d21e88aa8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:25.603ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c'=D_{1}\,S^{T}\,f_{1}=D_{2}\,S^{T}\,f_{2}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>where <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle S}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>S</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle S}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/4611d85173cd3b508e67077d4a1252c9c05abca2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.499ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle S}"></span> is the <i>cone sensitivity matrix</i> and <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle f}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>f</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle f}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle f}"></span> is the spectrum of the conditioning stimulus. This leads to the <i>von Kries transform</i> for chromatic adaptation in <a href="/wiki/LMS_color_space" title="LMS color space">LMS color space</a> (responses of long-, medium-, and short-wavelength cone response space): </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle D=D_{1}^{-1}D_{2}={\begin{bmatrix}L_{2}/L_{1}&0&0\\0&M_{2}/M_{1}&0\\0&0&S_{2}/S_{1}\end{bmatrix}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>D</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mi>D</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>D</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <mn>0</mn> </mtd> <mtd> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle D=D_{1}^{-1}D_{2}={\begin{bmatrix}L_{2}/L_{1}&0&0\\0&M_{2}/M_{1}&0\\0&0&S_{2}/S_{1}\end{bmatrix}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2936a28c218347528264a8585a9260da633e3cfa" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.338ex; width:44.191ex; height:9.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle D=D_{1}^{-1}D_{2}={\begin{bmatrix}L_{2}/L_{1}&0&0\\0&M_{2}/M_{1}&0\\0&0&S_{2}/S_{1}\end{bmatrix}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>This diagonal matrix <i>D</i> maps cone responses, or colors, in one adaptation state to corresponding colors in another; when the adaptation state is presumed to be determined by the illuminant, this matrix is useful as an illuminant adaptation transform. The elements of the diagonal matrix <i>D</i> are the ratios of the cone responses (Long, Medium, Short) for the illuminant's <a href="/wiki/White_point" title="White point">white point</a>. </p><p>The more complete von Kries transform, for colors represented in <a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">XYZ</a> or <a href="/wiki/RGB_color_space" class="mw-redirect" title="RGB color space">RGB color space</a>, includes matrix transformations into and out of <a href="/wiki/LMS_Color_Space" class="mw-redirect" title="LMS Color Space">LMS space</a>, with the diagonal transform <i>D</i> in the middle.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CIE_color_appearance_models">CIE color appearance models</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatic_adaptation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: CIE color appearance models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Commission_on_Illumination" title="International Commission on Illumination">International Commission on Illumination</a> (CIE) has published a set of <a href="/wiki/Color_appearance_model" title="Color appearance model">color appearance models</a>, most of which included a color adaptation function. <a href="/wiki/CIELAB" class="mw-redirect" title="CIELAB">CIE L*a*b* (CIELAB)</a> performs a "simple" von Kries-type transform in XYZ color space,<sup id="cite_ref-cie-adaptions_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cie-adaptions-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/CIELUV" title="CIELUV">CIELUV</a> uses a Judd-type (translational) <a href="/wiki/White_point" title="White point">white point</a> adaptation.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two revisions of more comprehensive color appearance models, CIECAM97s and <a href="/wiki/CIECAM02" title="CIECAM02">CIECAM02</a>, each included a CAT function, CMCCAT97 and <a href="/wiki/CIECAM02#CAT02" title="CIECAM02">CAT02</a> respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-cie-adaptions_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cie-adaptions-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CAT02's predecessor<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a simplified version of CMCCAT97 known as CMCCAT2000.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatic_adaptation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFIves_HE1912" class="citation journal cs1">Ives HE (1912). 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Sensory, computational and cognitive components of human color constancy"</a>. <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society</i>. <b>360</b> (1458): 1329–46. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frstb.2005.1633">10.1098/rstb.2005.1633</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1609194">1609194</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16147525">16147525</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philosophical+Transactions+of+the+Royal+Society&rft.atitle=Review.+Sensory%2C+computational+and+cognitive+components+of+human+color+constancy&rft.volume=360&rft.issue=1458&rft.pages=1329-46&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1609194%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16147525&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frstb.2005.1633&rft.au=Hannah+E.+Smithson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1609194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarl_R._Gegenfurtner,_L._T._Sharpe1999" class="citation book cs1">Karl R. Gegenfurtner, L. T. Sharpe (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9R1ogJsPHi8C&dq=von-kries+ives&pg=PA413"><i>Color Vision: From Genes to Perception</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-00439-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-00439-X"><bdi>0-521-00439-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Color+Vision%3A+From+Genes+to+Perception&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-521-00439-X&rft.au=Karl+R.+Gegenfurtner%2C+L.+T.+Sharpe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9R1ogJsPHi8C%26dq%3Dvon-kries%2Bives%26pg%3DPA413&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaurav_Sharma2003" class="citation book cs1">Gaurav Sharma (2003). <i>Digital Color Imaging Handbook</i>. <a href="/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Digital+Color+Imaging+Handbook&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Gaurav+Sharma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErik_Reinhard2006" class="citation book cs1">Erik Reinhard (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dH2lRxTg1UsC&dq=von-kries-transform&pg=PA39"><i>High Dynamic Range Imaging: Acquisition, Display, and Image-Based Lighting</i></a>. Morgan Kaufmann. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-12-585263-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-12-585263-0"><bdi>0-12-585263-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=High+Dynamic+Range+Imaging%3A+Acquisition%2C+Display%2C+and+Image-Based+Lighting&rft.pub=Morgan+Kaufmann&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-12-585263-0&rft.au=Erik+Reinhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdH2lRxTg1UsC%26dq%3Dvon-kries-transform%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cie-adaptions-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cie-adaptions_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cie-adaptions_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuo2015" class="citation journal cs1">Luo, Ming Ronnier (2015). "CIE Chromatic Adaptation; Comparison of von Kries, CIELAB, CMCCAT97 and CAT02". <i>Encyclopedia of Color Science and Technology</i>. Springer Berlin Heidelberg: 1–8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-642-27851-8_321-1">10.1007/978-3-642-27851-8_321-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-642-27851-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-642-27851-8"><bdi>978-3-642-27851-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Color+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=CIE+Chromatic+Adaptation%3B+Comparison+of+von+Kries%2C+CIELAB%2C+CMCCAT97+and+CAT02&rft.pages=1-8&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-642-27851-8_321-1&rft.isbn=978-3-642-27851-8&rft.aulast=Luo&rft.aufirst=Ming+Ronnier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJudd1940" class="citation journal cs1">Judd, Deane B. (January 1940). "Hue saturation and lightness of surface colors with chromatic illumination". <i><a href="/wiki/JOSA" class="mw-redirect" title="JOSA">JOSA</a></i>. <b>30</b> (1): 2–32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1364%2FJOSA.30.000002">10.1364/JOSA.30.000002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JOSA&rft.atitle=Hue+saturation+and+lightness+of+surface+colors+with+chromatic+illumination&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=2-32&rft.date=1940-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1364%2FJOSA.30.000002&rft.aulast=Judd&rft.aufirst=Deane+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFernandez-Maloigne2013" class="citation book cs1">Fernandez-Maloigne, Christine, ed. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9781441961891-c1.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1337202-p173968189"><i>Advanced color image processing and analysis</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. New York, NY: Springer. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781441961891" title="Special:BookSources/9781441961891"><bdi>9781441961891</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advanced+color+image+processing+and+analysis&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781441961891&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.springer.com%2Fcda%2Fcontent%2Fdocument%2Fcda_downloaddocument%2F9781441961891-c1.pdf%3FSGWID%3D0-0-45-1337202-p173968189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiLuoRiggHunt2002" class="citation journal cs1">Li, Changjun; Luo, M. Ronnier; Rigg, Bryan; Hunt, Robert W. G. (February 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcol.10005">"CMC 2000 chromatic adaptation transform: CMCCAT2000"</a>. <i>Color Research & Application</i>. <b>27</b> (1): 49–58. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcol.10005">10.1002/col.10005</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Color+Research+%26+Application&rft.atitle=CMC+2000+chromatic+adaptation+transform%3A+CMCCAT2000&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=49-58&rft.date=2002-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fcol.10005&rft.aulast=Li&rft.aufirst=Changjun&rft.au=Luo%2C+M.+Ronnier&rft.au=Rigg%2C+Bryan&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Robert+W.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%252Fcol.10005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatic_adaptation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCIE_TC_1-522004" class="citation book cs1">CIE TC 1-52 (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cie.co.at/publications/review-chromatic-adaptation-transforms"><i>A Review of Chromatic Adaptation Transforms</i></a>. 160:2004. CIE. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-901906-30-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-901906-30-5"><bdi>978-3-901906-30-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Review+of+Chromatic+Adaptation+Transforms&rft.series=160%3A2004&rft.pub=CIE&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-3-901906-30-5&rft.au=CIE+TC+1-52&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcie.co.at%2Fpublications%2Freview-chromatic-adaptation-transforms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChromatic+adaptation" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromatic_adaptation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.stanford.edu/~sujason/ColorBalancing/adaptation.html">Color Balancing Algorithms</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210421021250/https://web.stanford.edu/~sujason/ColorBalancing/adaptation.html">Archived</a> 2021-04-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brucelindbloom.com/index.html?Eqn_ChromAdapt.html">Chromatic Adaptation Evaluation</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>of</i> the eye</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eyeshine" class="mw-redirect" title="Eyeshine">Eyeshine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukocoria" title="Leukocoria">Leukocoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-eye_effect" title="Red-eye effect">Red-eye effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_reflex" title="Red reflex">Red reflex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>by</i> the eye</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Color appearance <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abney_effect" title="Abney effect">Abney effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezold%E2%80%93Br%C3%BCcke_shift" title="Bezold–Brücke shift">Bezold–Brücke shift</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chromatic adaptation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purkinje_effect" title="Purkinje effect">Purkinje effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunt_effect_(color)" title="Hunt effect (color)">Hunt effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmholtz%E2%80%93Kohlrausch_effect" title="Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect">Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" 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