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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: R. Rama Kishore</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: R. Rama Kishore"> <meta name="keywords" content="R. Rama Kishore"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="R. 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Rama Kishore"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 112</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: R. Rama Kishore</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> User Satisfaction in Rama-Chest Mouthpiece for Flexible Bronchoscopy in Ramathibodi Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chariya%20Laohavich">Chariya Laohavich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Some limitations and complications have been found associated with commercial mouthpiece in bronchoscopic procedure. Therefore, we invented the Rama-chest mouthpiece from plastic normal saline bottle. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare user satisfaction in Rama-chest mouthpiece with the commercial mouthpiece. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial between commercial mouthpiece and Rama-chest mouthpiece was conducted on patients who were underwent bronchoscopy and required mouthpiece insertion from May to June 2014. The questionnaire about satisfaction was completed by the bronchoscopists, assistant nurses, and patients. Results: Thirty procedures in both groups were investigated. Mean satisfaction scores filled by the bronchoscopists and assistant nurses were not different between both groups. However, higher satisfaction score filled by the patients was found in Rama-chest mouthpiece than the comparator (p=0.011). Complications such as abrasion, pain, and itching were observed in commercial mouthpiece but not found in Rama-chest mouthpiece. Conclusion: We have introduced Rama-chest mouthpiece and proved its usefulness comparable to the commercial mouthpiece. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mouthpiece" title="mouthpiece">mouthpiece</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bronchoscopist" title=" bronchoscopist"> bronchoscopist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bronchology" title=" bronchology"> bronchology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulmonology%20and%20respiratory%20diseases" title=" pulmonology and respiratory diseases"> pulmonology and respiratory diseases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13321/user-satisfaction-in-rama-chest-mouthpiece-for-flexible-bronchoscopy-in-ramathibodi-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13321.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">111</span> Efficacy and User Satisfaction on the Rama-Chest Cryo Arm Innovation for Bronchoscopic Cryotherapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chariya%20Laohavich">Chariya Laohavich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At the current, the trends in the lung disease at a university hospital are the treat and diagnosis by bronchoscopy. Bronchoscopic cryotherapy is a long time procedure 1-4 hours. The cryo probe is sensitive and easy to be damaged and expensive. We have this study management for protection the cryo probe, user satisfaction and qualities work. This study conducted in 4 stages: stage 1 for a survey of problems and assessment of user’s needs; stage 2 for designing and developing the Rama-chest cryo arm for a bronchoscopy process; stage 3 for test-implementing the Rama-chest cryo arm in real situations, studying its problems and obstacles, and evaluating the user satisfaction; and stage 4 for an overall assessment and improvement. The sample used in this study consisted of a total of 15 Ramathipbodi Hospital’s Bronchoscopist and bronchoscopist’s nurse who had used the Rama-chest cryo arm for bronchoscopic cryotherapy from January to June 2016. Objective: To study efficacy and user satisfaction on the Rama-chest cryo arm innovation for bronchoscopic cryotherapy. Data were collected using a Rama-chest cryo arm satisfaction assessment form and analysed based on mean and standard deviation. Result is the Rama-chest cryo arm was an innovation that accommodated during bronchoscopic cryotherapy. The subjects rated this the cryo arm as being most satisfactory (M = 4.86 ± , SD 0.48. Therefore we have developed a cryo arm that uses local material, practical and economic. Our innovation is not only flexible and sustainable development but also lean and seamless. This produced device can be used as effectively as the imported one, and thus can be eventually substituted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficacy" title="efficacy">efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title=" satisfaction"> satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rama-chest%20cryo%20arm" title=" Rama-chest cryo arm"> Rama-chest cryo arm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bronchoscopic%20cryotherapy" title=" bronchoscopic cryotherapy"> bronchoscopic cryotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62116/efficacy-and-user-satisfaction-on-the-rama-chest-cryo-arm-innovation-for-bronchoscopic-cryotherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">110</span> Art and Culture in the Development Period to Modernization in the Reign of King Rama VI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weena%20Eiamprapai">Weena Eiamprapai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growth of Thai society in western style in the middle of Rattanakosin period can be defined as modernization /civilization. These terms had an influence on the development of the country in the reign of King Rama V owing to the governance reform, and cultures influenced by the West. Those were passed on until the reign of King Rama VI. The preference was not only for the renovation of architecture and arts based on Thai customs reflecting the prosperity and beauty of handicrafts but also for the acceptance of westernization. The remain of this acceptance includes the concept of such value as gentlemanly behavior like that in Victorian Era of the United Kingdom, and the support of women’s status. Moreover, the wide spread of modernization leads to the movement to change the country’s governance system from absolute monarchy to democracy by a group of people called Rattanakosin Era (R.E.) 130 party. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=art" title="art">art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20period" title=" development period"> development period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modernization" title=" modernization"> modernization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=King%20Rama%20VI" title=" King Rama VI "> King Rama VI </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9470/art-and-culture-in-the-development-period-to-modernization-in-the-reign-of-king-rama-vi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">109</span> Learning Resource Management of the Royal Court Courtier in the Reign of King Rama V</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanaphop%20Vannaolarn">Chanaphop Vannaolarn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weena%20Eiamprapai"> Weena Eiamprapai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thai noblewomen and lady-in-waiting in the era of King Rama V stayed only inside the palace. King Rama V decided to build Dusit Palace in 1897 and another palace called Suan Sunandha in 1900 after his royal visit to Europe. This palace became the residence for noblewomen in the court until the change of political system in 1932. The study about noblewomen in the palace can educate people about how our nation was affected by western civilization in terms of architecture, food, outfit and recreations. It is a way to develop the modern society by studying the great historical value of the past. A learning center about noblewomen will not only provide knowledge but also create bond and patriotic feeling among Thais. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noblewomen" title="noblewomen">noblewomen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palace" title=" palace"> palace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20center" title=" learning center"> learning center</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12022/learning-resource-management-of-the-royal-court-courtier-in-the-reign-of-king-rama-v" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">108</span> Digital Watermarking Based on Visual Cryptography and Histogram</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore">R. Rama Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunesh"> Sunesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, robust and secure watermarking algorithm and its optimization have been need of the hour. A watermarking algorithm is presented to achieve the copy right protection of the owner based on visual cryptography, histogram shape property and entropy. In this, both host image and watermark are preprocessed. Host image is preprocessed by using Butterworth filter, and watermark is with visual cryptography. Applying visual cryptography on water mark generates two shares. One share is used for embedding the watermark, and the other one is used for solving any dispute with the aid of trusted authority. Usage of histogram shape makes the process more robust against geometric and signal processing attacks. The combination of visual cryptography, Butterworth filter, histogram, and entropy can make the algorithm more robust, imperceptible, and copy right protection of the owner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20watermarking" title="digital watermarking">digital watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20cryptography" title=" visual cryptography"> visual cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histogram" title=" histogram"> histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=butter%20worth%20filter" title=" butter worth filter"> butter worth filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48320/digital-watermarking-based-on-visual-cryptography-and-histogram" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">107</span> The Design Inspired by Phra Maha Chedi of King Rama I-IV at Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklaram Rajwaramahaviharn</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taechit%20Cheuypoung">Taechit Cheuypoung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research will focus on creating pattern designs that are inspired by the pagodas, Phra Maha Chedi of King Rama I-IV, that are located in the temple, Wat Phra Chetuphon Vimolmangklararm Rajwaramahaviharn. Different aspects of the temple were studied, including the history, architecture, significance of the temple, and techniques used to decorate the pagodas, Phra Maha Chedi of King Rama I-IV. Moreover, composition of arts and the form of pattern designs which all led to the outcome of four Thai application pattern. The four patterns combine Thai traditional design with international scheme, however, maintaining the distinctiveness of the glaze mosaic tiles of each Phra Maha Chedi. The patterns consist of rounded and notched petal flowers, leaves and vine, and various square shapes, and original colors which are updated for modernity. These elements are then grouped and combined with new techniques, resulting in pattern designs with modern aspects and simultaneously reflecting the charm and the aesthetic of Thai craftsmanship which are eternally embedded in the designs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chedi" title="Chedi">Chedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pagoda" title=" Pagoda"> Pagoda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern" title=" pattern"> pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wat" title=" Wat"> Wat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7156/the-design-inspired-by-phra-maha-chedi-of-king-rama-i-iv-at-wat-phra-chetuphon-vimolmangklaram-rajwaramahaviharn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">106</span> Optimized and Secured Digital Watermarking Using Fuzzy Entropy, Bezier Curve and Visual Cryptography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore">R. Rama Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunesh"> Sunesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recent development in the usage of internet for different purposes creates a great threat for the copyright protection of the digital images. Digital watermarking can be used to address the problem. This paper presents detailed review of the different watermarking techniques, latest trends in the field of secured, robust and imperceptible watermarking. It also discusses the different optimization techniques used in the field of watermarking in order to improve the robustness and imperceptibility of the method. Different measures are discussed to evaluate the performance of the watermarking algorithm. At the end, this paper proposes a watermarking algorithm using (2, 2) share visual cryptography and Bezier curve based algorithm to improve the security of the watermark. The proposed method uses fractional transformation to improve the robustness of the copyright protection of the method. The algorithm is optimized using fuzzy entropy for better results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20watermarking" title="digital watermarking">digital watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20transform" title=" fractional transform"> fractional transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20cryptography" title=" visual cryptography"> visual cryptography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bezier%20curve" title=" Bezier curve"> Bezier curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20entropy" title=" fuzzy entropy"> fuzzy entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89843/optimized-and-secured-digital-watermarking-using-fuzzy-entropy-bezier-curve-and-visual-cryptography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">105</span> Digital Watermarking Using Fractional Transform and (k,n) Halftone Visual Cryptography (HVC)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore">R. Rama Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunesh%20Malik"> Sunesh Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development in the usage of internet for different purposes in recent times creates great threat for the copy right protection of the digital images. Digital watermarking is the best way to rescue from the said problem. This paper presents detailed review of the different watermarking techniques, latest trends in the field and categorized like spatial and transform domain, blind and non-blind methods, visible and non visible techniques etc. It also discusses the different optimization techniques used in the field of watermarking in order to improve the robustness and imperceptibility of the method. Different measures are discussed to evaluate the performance of the watermarking algorithm. At the end, this paper proposes a watermarking algorithm using (k.n) shares of halftone visual cryptography (HVC) instead of (2, 2) share cryptography. (k,n) shares visual cryptography improves the security of the watermark. As halftone is a method of reprographic, it helps in improving the visual quality of watermark image. The proposed method uses fractional transformation to improve the robustness of the copyright protection of the method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20watermarking" title="digital watermarking">digital watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20transform" title=" fractional transform"> fractional transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=halftone" title=" halftone"> halftone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20cryptography" title=" visual cryptography"> visual cryptography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61578/digital-watermarking-using-fractional-transform-and-kn-halftone-visual-cryptography-hvc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">104</span> Formal Thai National Costume in the Reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanoknart%20Mayusoh">Chanoknart Mayusoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research about Formal Thai National Costume in the reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej is an applied research that aimed to study the accurate knowledge concerning to Thai national costume in the reign of King Rama IX, also to study origin of all costumes in the reign of King Rama IX and to study the style, material used, and using accasion. This research methodology which are collect quanlitative data through observation, document, and photograph from key informant of costume in the reign of King Rama IX and from another who related to this field. The formal Thai national costume of the reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej originated from the visit of His Majesty the King to Europe and America in 1960. Since Thailand had no traditional national costume; Her Majesty the Queen initiated the idea to create formal Thai national costumes. In 1964, Her Majesty the Queen selected 8 styles of formal Thai national costume. Later, Her Majesty the Queen confered another 3 formal Thai national costume for men. There are 8 styles of formal Thai national costume for women: Thai Ruean Ton, Thai Chit Lada, Thai Amarin, Thai Borom Phiman, Thai Siwalia, Thai Chakkri, Thai Dusit, and Thai Chakkraphat. There are 3 styles of formal Thai national costume for men: short-sleeve shirt, long-sleeve shirt, and long-sleeve shirt with breechcloth. The costume is widely used in formal ceremony such as greeting ceremony for official foreign visitors, wedding ceremony, or other auspicious ceremonies. Now a day, they are always used as a bridal gown as well. The formal Thai national costume is valuable art that shows Thai identity and, should be preserved for the next generation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formal%20Thai%20national%20costume%20for%20women" title="formal Thai national costume for women">formal Thai national costume for women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formal%20Thai%20national%20costume%20for%20men" title=" formal Thai national costume for men"> formal Thai national costume for men</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=His%20Majesty%20King%20Bhumibol%20Adulyadej%20the%20Great%20King%20Rama%20IX" title=" His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej the Great King Rama IX"> His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej the Great King Rama IX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Her%20Majesty%20Queen%20Sirikit%20Queen" title=" Her Majesty Queen Sirikit Queen"> Her Majesty Queen Sirikit Queen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10856/formal-thai-national-costume-in-the-reign-of-king-bhumibol-adulyadej" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">103</span> Optimized and Secured Digital Watermarking Using Entropy, Chaotic Grid Map and Its Performance Analysis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore">R. Rama Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunesh"> Sunesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an optimized, robust, and secured watermarking technique. The methodology used in this work is the combination of entropy and chaotic grid map. The proposed methodology incorporates Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) on the host image. To improve the imperceptibility of the method, the host image DCT blocks, where the watermark is to be embedded, are further optimized by considering the entropy of the blocks. Chaotic grid is used as a key to reorder the DCT blocks so that it will further increase security while selecting the watermark embedding locations and its sequence. Without a key, one cannot reveal the exact watermark from the watermarked image. The proposed method is implemented on four different images. It is concluded that the proposed method is giving better results in terms of imperceptibility measured through PSNR and found to be above 50. In order to prove the effectiveness of the method, the performance analysis is done after implementing different attacks on the watermarked images. It is found that the methodology is very strong against JPEG compression attack even with the quality parameter up to 15. The experimental results are confirming that the combination of entropy and chaotic grid map method is strong and secured to different image processing attacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20watermarking" title="digital watermarking">digital watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discreate%20cosine%20transform" title=" discreate cosine transform"> discreate cosine transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chaotic%20grid%20map" title=" chaotic grid map"> chaotic grid map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93652/optimized-and-secured-digital-watermarking-using-entropy-chaotic-grid-map-and-its-performance-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> A Novel Method for Silence Removal in Sounds Produced by Percussive Instruments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Kishore%20Kumar">B. Kishore Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakesh%20Pogula"> Rakesh Pogula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kishore%20Kumar"> T. Kishore Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The steepness of an audio signal which is produced by the musical instruments, specifically percussive instruments is the perception of how high tone or low tone which can be considered as a frequency closely related to the fundamental frequency. This paper presents a novel method for silence removal and segmentation of music signals produced by the percussive instruments and the performance of proposed method is studied with the help of MATLAB simulations. This method is based on two simple features, namely the signal energy and the spectral centroid. As long as the feature sequences are extracted, a simple thresholding criterion is applied in order to remove the silence areas in the sound signal. The simulations were carried on various instruments like drum, flute and guitar and results of the proposed method were analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percussive%20instruments" title="percussive instruments">percussive instruments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20energy" title=" spectral energy"> spectral energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20centroid" title=" spectral centroid"> spectral centroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silence%20removal" title=" silence removal"> silence removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14246/a-novel-method-for-silence-removal-in-sounds-produced-by-percussive-instruments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> A Combined Feature Extraction and Thresholding Technique for Silence Removal in Percussive Sounds </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Kishore%20Kumar">B. Kishore Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pogula%20Rakesh"> Pogula Rakesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kishore%20Kumar"> T. Kishore Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The music analysis is a part of the audio content analysis used to analyze the music by using the different features of audio signal. In music analysis, the first step is to divide the music signal to different sections based on the feature profiles of the music signal. In this paper, we present a music segmentation technique that will effectively segmentize the signal and thresholding technique to remove silence from the percussive sounds produced by percussive instruments, which uses two features of music, namely signal energy and spectral centroid. The proposed method impose thresholds on both the features which will vary depends on the music signal. Depends on the threshold, silence part is removed and the segmentation is done. The effectiveness of the proposed method is analyzed using MATLAB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percussive%20sounds" title="percussive sounds">percussive sounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20centroid" title=" spectral centroid"> spectral centroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20energy" title=" spectral energy"> spectral energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silence%20removal" title=" silence removal"> silence removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20extraction" title=" feature extraction"> feature extraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25510/a-combined-feature-extraction-and-thresholding-technique-for-silence-removal-in-percussive-sounds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">593</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Social and Culture Capital in Patthana Soi Ranongklang Community, Dusit District, Bangkok</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phusit%20Phukamchanoad">Phusit Phukamchanoad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bua%20Srikos"> Bua Srikos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research aimed to study the characteristics of a community in the social, economical and cultural context. This research used interviews and surveys members in Patthana Soi Ranongklang community, Dusit District, Bangkok. The results are as follows: In terms of overall conditions and characteristics, Patthana Soi Ranongklang community is located on the property of Treasury Department. 50 years ago the location of this community consisted of paddy fields with limited convenience in terms of transportation. Rama V Road was only a small narrow road with only three-wheelers and no buses. The majority of community members moved in from Makkhawan Rangsan Bridge. Thus, most community members were either workers or government officials as they were not the owners of the land. Therefore, there were no primary occupations within this 7 acres of the community. The development of the community started in 1981. At present, the community is continuously being developed and modernization is rapidly flowing in. One of the reasons was because main roads were amended, especially Rama V Road that allows more convenient transportation, leading to heightened citizens’ convenience. In terms of the economy and society, the research found out that the development and expansion of Rama V Road cause a change in the conditions of the area and buildings. Some building were improved and changed along the time, as well as the development of new facilities that cause the community members to continually become more materialistic. Jobs within the community started to appear, and areas were improved to allow for new building and housing businesses. The trend of jobs become more in variety, in terms of both jobs at home, such as workers, merchandizing, and small own businesses, and jobs outside the community, which became much more convenient as car drivers are used to the narrow roads inside the community. The location of the community next to Rama V Road also allows helo from government agencies to reach the community with ease. Moreover, the welfare of the community was well taken care of by the community committee. In terms of education, the research found that there are two schools: Wat Pracharabuedham School and Wat Noi Noppakun School, that are providing education within the community. The majority of the community received Bachelor degrees. In areas of culture, the research found that the culture, traditions, and beliefs of people in the community were mainly transferred from the old community, especially beliefs in Buddhism as the majority are Bhuddists. The main reason is because the old community was situated near Wat Makut Kasattriyaram. Therefore, the community members have always had Buddhist temples as the center of the community. In later years, more citizens moved in and bring along culture, traditions, and beliefs with them. The community members also took part in building a Dharma hall named Wat Duang Jai 72 Years Ranong Klang. Traditions that community members adhere to since the establishment of the community are the New Year merit making and Songkran Tradition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20capital" title="social capital">social capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patthana%20Soi%20Ranongklang%20community" title=" Patthana Soi Ranongklang community"> Patthana Soi Ranongklang community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=way%20of%20life" title=" way of life"> way of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19613/social-and-culture-capital-in-patthana-soi-ranongklang-community-dusit-district-bangkok" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> The Analysis of Kru Luen Sun Tharawatin’s Tableau Vivant Singing Style</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pansak%20Vandee">Pansak Vandee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research aims to study the background and format of Tableau Vivant suite song and the singing style of Kru Luen SunTharawatin. The data is gained by content analysis and the in-depth interview from experts on Tableau Vivant suite song, as well as an analysis on singing style of Kru Luen SunTharawatin. The research results are as follows: (1) The Tableau Vivant suite song first appeared in the reign of King Rama V, composing by Prince Naris, for paralleling with the still picture presentation offered to Crown Prince Maha Vajirunahit, which was adapted from the French performance Tableau Vivant. The performance is assigned to perform by the Crown Prince’s younger brother and other young royal siblings. The 8 suite songs were played by archeological Thai orchestra (Piphat duek dam ban) and were restored once again in the reign of King Rama VII for the pleasure of the king, being sung by the Royal Entertainment Department Officers. (2) The format of Tableau Vivant suite song is a short series song, composing a double strand of 4 to 6 songs with 6 suite songs in 8 suites, in the form of a combination of suite lyric – Unnarut (the play narrated by King Rama I) and Phra Pen Chao (the homage to Brahman gods in Na Phat song); and suite song – Khom Dam Din with Khmer tone; the Three Kingdoms with Chinese tone; Rajadhirat with Burmese and Mon tone; Nitra Chakrit (the Arabian Night) with Arabian tone; Cinderella with Western tone; Phra Lor in Laotian tone. (3) The Tableau Vivant suite singing style of Kru Luen SunTharawatin is based on Phra-ya Sanor Duriyang (Cham SunTharawatin) style, which was newly created for Kru Luen, his daughter. The five suite songs Khom Dam Din, the Three Kingdoms, Rajadhirat, Nitra Chakrit (the Arabian Night), Cinderella, Phra Lor have their distinguish tones according to their language accents. The songs were recorded in the album of the Royal Institute of Thailand in 1931; but, unfortunately, the entire album was completely destroyed during the World War II in Germany. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krue%20Luen%20Sun%20Tharawatin" title="Krue Luen Sun Tharawatin">Krue Luen Sun Tharawatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tableau%20vivant" title=" tableau vivant"> tableau vivant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singing%20style" title=" singing style"> singing style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suite%20song" title=" suite song"> suite song</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10678/the-analysis-of-kru-luen-sun-tharawatins-tableau-vivant-singing-style" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10678.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> Studying the Bond Strength of Geo-Polymer Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rama%20Seshu%20Doguparti">Rama Seshu Doguparti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the experimental investigation on the bond behavior of geo polymer concrete. The bond behavior of geo polymer concrete cubes of grade M35 reinforced with 16 mm TMT rod is analyzed. The results indicate that the bond performance of reinforced geo polymer concrete is good and thus proves its application for construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geo-polymer" title="geo-polymer">geo-polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond%20strength" title=" bond strength"> bond strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviour" title=" behaviour"> behaviour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19114/studying-the-bond-strength-of-geo-polymer-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Synthesis, Characterization, Validation of Resistant Microbial Strains and Anti Microbrial Activity of Substitted Pyrazoles </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rama%20Devi%20Kyatham">Rama Devi Kyatham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Ashok"> D. Ashok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20K.%20Rao%20Patnaik"> K. S. K. Rao Patnaik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raju%20Bathula"> Raju Bathula</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have shown the importance of pyrazoles as anti-microbial chemical entities. These compounds have generally been considered significant due to their wide range of pharmacological acivities and their discovery motivates new avenues of research.The proposed pyrazoles were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-microbial activities. The Synthesized compounds were analyzed by different spectroscopic methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrazoles" title="pyrazoles">pyrazoles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistant%20microbial%20strains" title=" resistant microbial strains"> resistant microbial strains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-microbial%20activities" title=" anti-microbial activities"> anti-microbial activities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123881/synthesis-characterization-validation-of-resistant-microbial-strains-and-anti-microbrial-activity-of-substitted-pyrazoles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> Reconfigurable Multiband Meandered Line Antenna</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Rama%20Krishna">D. Rama Krishna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Pandu%20Rangaiah"> Y. Pandu Rangaiah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the design of multiband reconfigurable antenna using PIN diodes for four iterations and all the four iterations have been validated by measuring return loss and pattern measurements of developed prototype antenna. The simulated and experimental data have demonstrated the concepts of a multiband reconfigurable antenna by switching OFF and ON of PIN diodes for multiple band frequencies. The technique has taken the advantage of a different number of radiating lengths with the use of PIN diode switches, each configuration resonating at multiband frequencies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20reconfigurable" title="frequency reconfigurable">frequency reconfigurable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meandered%20line%20multiband%20antenna" title=" meandered line multiband antenna"> meandered line multiband antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIN%20diode" title=" PIN diode"> PIN diode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiband%20frequencies" title=" multiband frequencies"> multiband frequencies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10408/reconfigurable-multiband-meandered-line-antenna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> Frequency Reconfigurable Multiband Patch Antenna Using PIN-Diode for ITS Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaurav%20Upadhyay">Gaurav Upadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nand%20Kishore"> Nand Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashant%20Ranjan"> Prashant Ranjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20Tripathi"> V. S. Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivesh%20Tripathi"> Shivesh Tripathi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A frequency reconfigurable multiband antenna for intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications is proposed in this paper. A PIN-diode is used for reconfigurability. Centre frequencies are 1.38, 1.98, 2.89, 3.86, and 4.34 GHz in “ON” state of Diode and 1.56, 2.16, 2.88, 3.91 and 4.45 GHz in “OFF” state. Achieved maximum bandwidth is 18%. The maximum gain of the proposed antenna is 2.7 dBi in “ON” state and 3.95 dBi in “OFF” state of the diode. The antenna is simulated, fabricated, and tested in the lab. Measured and simulated results are in good confirmation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ITS" title="ITS">ITS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiband%20antenna" title=" multiband antenna"> multiband antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIN-diode" title=" PIN-diode"> PIN-diode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconfigurable" title=" reconfigurable"> reconfigurable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84977/frequency-reconfigurable-multiband-patch-antenna-using-pin-diode-for-its-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84977.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Spatial Analytics of Ramayan to Geolocate Lanka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raj%20Mukta%20Sundaram">Raj Mukta Sundaram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The location of Ayodhya is distinctly described along river Sarayu in the epic Ramayan. On the contrary, even elaborate descriptions of Lanka and its environs are still proving elusive to human ingenuity to find a direct correlation on the ground. His-torically, there were hardly any attempts to locate Lanka, but some speculations have been made very recently, of which Sri Lanka has gained widespread public ac-ceptance for obvious reasons, such as Sri and Lanka. This belief is almost secured by the impression of Ram Setu on the satellite images, which has led the government to initiate a scientific mission to determine its age. In fact, other viewpoints believe Lanka to be somewhere far-flung along the equator, and another has long proclaimed it to be in central regions of India, but both are diminished by contemporary belief. This study emanates from the fact that Sri Lanka has no correlation to epic, and more importantly, satellite images are deceptive. So the objectives are twofold - firstly, to interpret the text from a holistic approach by analyzing the ecosystem, settlements, geological as-pects, and most importantly, the timeline of key events. Secondly, it explains the pit-falls in the rationale behind contemporary belief. At the outset, it categorically rejects the notion of Ram Setu, which, in geological terms, is merely a part of the continental shelf developed millions of years ago. It also refutes the misconception created by the word “Sri,” which is, in fact, an official name adopted by the country in the seventies with no correlation whatsoever with the events of Ramayana. Likewise, the study ar-gues for the establishment of a prosperous kingdom on a remote island with adverse climatic conditions for any civilization at that time. Eventually, the study demonstrates that travel time for the distances covered by Lord Rama does not corroborate with the description in the epic. It all leads to one conclusion that Lanka cannot be in Sri Lanka. Rather, it needs to be somewhere in the central-eastern parts of India. That region jus-tifies the environs and timelines for the journeys undertaken by Lord Rama, besides the fact that the tribes of the region show strong allegiance to Ravana. The study strongly recommends looking into the central-east region of India for the golden abode of a demon king and rejuvenating tourism of a scenic and culturally rich region hitherto marred by disturbances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20analysis" title="spatial analysis">spatial analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramayan" title=" Ramayan"> Ramayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage" title=" heritage"> heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182007/spatial-analytics-of-ramayan-to-geolocate-lanka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Study on Intensity Modulated Non-Contact Optical Fiber Vibration Sensors of Different Configurations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dinkar%20Dantala">Dinkar Dantala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kishore%20Putha"> Kishore Putha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padmavathi%20Manchineelu"> Padmavathi Manchineelu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical fibers are widely used in the measurement of several physical parameters like temperature, pressure, vibrations etc. Measurement of vibrations plays a vital role in machines. In this paper, three fiber optic non-contact vibration sensors were discussed, which are designed based on the principle of light intensity modulation. The Dual plastic optical fiber, Fiber optic fused 1x2 coupler and Fiber optic fused 2x2 coupler vibration sensors are compared based on range of frequency, resolution and sensitivity. It is to conclude that 2x2 coupler configuration shows better response than other two sensors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20optic" title="fiber optic">fiber optic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMMA" title=" PMMA"> PMMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration%20sensor" title=" vibration sensor"> vibration sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensity-modulated" title=" intensity-modulated"> intensity-modulated</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66225/study-on-intensity-modulated-non-contact-optical-fiber-vibration-sensors-of-different-configurations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> PIN-Diode Based Slotted Reconfigurable Multiband Antenna Array for Vehicular Communication </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaurav%20Upadhyay">Gaurav Upadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nand%20Kishore"> Nand Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashant%20Ranjan"> Prashant Ranjan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivesh%20Tripathi"> Shivesh Tripathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20S.%20Tripathi"> V. S. Tripathi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a patch antenna array design is proposed for vehicular communication. The antenna consists of 2-element patch array. The antenna array is operating at multiple frequency bands. The multiband operation is achieved by use of slots at proper locations at the patch. The array is made reconfigurable by use of two PIN-diodes. The antenna is simulated and measured in four states of diodes i.e. ON-ON, ON-OFF, OFF-ON, and OFF-OFF. In ON-ON state of diodes, the resonant frequencies are 4.62-4.96, 6.50-6.75, 6.90-7.01, 7.34-8.22, 8.89-9.09 GHz. In ON-OFF state of diodes, the measured resonant frequencies are 4.63-4.93, 6.50-6.70 and 7.81-7.91 GHz. In OFF-ON states of diodes the resonant frequencies are 1.24-1.46, 3.40-3.75, 5.07-5.25 and 6.90-7.20 GHz and in the OFF-OFF state of diodes 4.49-4.75 and 5.61-5.98 GHz. The maximum bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 16.29%. The peak gain of the antenna is 3.4 dB at 5.9 GHz, which makes it suitable for vehicular communication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antenna" title="antenna">antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=array" title=" array"> array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconfigurable" title=" reconfigurable"> reconfigurable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicular" title=" vehicular"> vehicular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85090/pin-diode-based-slotted-reconfigurable-multiband-antenna-array-for-vehicular-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Morphology and Mineralogy of Acid Treated Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Hari%20Prasad%20Reddy">P. Hari Prasad Reddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20H.%20Rama%20Vara%20Prasad"> C. H. Rama Vara Prasad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kalyan%20Kumar"> G. Kalyan Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the morphological and mineralogical changes occurring in the soil due to immediate and prolonged interaction with different concentrations of phosphoric acid and sulphuric acid. In order to assess the effect of acid contamination, a series of sediment volume, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis tests were carried out on soil samples were exposed to different concentrations (1N, 4N and 8N) of phosphoric and sulphuric acid. Experimental results show that both acids showed severe morphological and mineralogical changes with synthesis of neogenic formations mainly at higher concentrations (4N and 8N) and at prolonged duration of interaction (28 and 80 days). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphoric%20acid" title="phosphoric acid">phosphoric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning%20electron%20microscopy" title=" scanning electron microscopy"> scanning electron microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulphuric%20acid" title=" sulphuric acid"> sulphuric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=x-ray%20diffraction%20analysis" title=" x-ray diffraction analysis"> x-ray diffraction analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39715/morphology-and-mineralogy-of-acid-treated-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> A Novel Approach to Design of EDDR Architecture for High Speed Motion Estimation Testing Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Gangadhararao">T. Gangadhararao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Krishna%20Kishore"> K. Krishna Kishore</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Motion Estimation (ME) plays a critical role in a video coder, testing such a module is of priority concern. While focusing on the testing of ME in a video coding system, this work presents an error detection and data recovery (EDDR) design, based on the residue-and-quotient (RQ) code, to embed into ME for video coding testing applications. An error in processing Elements (PEs), i.e. key components of a ME, can be detected and recovered effectively by using the proposed EDDR design. The proposed EDDR design for ME testing can detect errors and recover data with an acceptable area overhead and timing penalty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=area%20overhead" title="area overhead">area overhead</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20recovery" title=" data recovery"> data recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20detection" title=" error detection"> error detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20estimation" title=" motion estimation"> motion estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residue-and-quotient%20%28RQ%29%20code" title=" residue-and-quotient (RQ) code "> residue-and-quotient (RQ) code </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16800/a-novel-approach-to-design-of-eddr-architecture-for-high-speed-motion-estimation-testing-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Synchronous Carcinoma Cervix with Vulvar Carcinoma in situ: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhushan%20Bhalgat">Bhushan Bhalgat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suresh%20Singh"> Suresh Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phanindra%20Swain"> Phanindra Swain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Kishore%20Lakhera"> Kamal Kishore Lakhera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carcinoma of cervix and carcinoma of vulva have been associated with common predisposing factors like human papillomavirus and smoking. Skip metastases and metachronous appearance of both these tumours have been reported. There is no case report showing synchronous appearance of these tumours in English literature. We herewith report a case report of a middle aged female patient who presented with per vaginal bleeding, and on examination, a cervical mass was palpable. Also, a proliferative growth was seen over her left vulva. Biopsy of both lesions came out to be squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ, respectively. A radical hysterectomy and bilateral pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodal dissection was performed along with left simple vulvectomy. This thereby underscores that any lesion over vulva appearing during or after treatment of cervical carcinoma should be biopsied to rule out vulvar carcinoma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoma%20of%20cervix" title="carcinoma of cervix">carcinoma of cervix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carcinoma%20of%20vulva" title=" carcinoma of vulva"> carcinoma of vulva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20tumours" title=" synchronous tumours"> synchronous tumours</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gynecological%20oncology" title=" gynecological oncology"> gynecological oncology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125647/synchronous-carcinoma-cervix-with-vulvar-carcinoma-in-situ-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> Analysis of Simple Mechanisms to Continuously Vary Mach Number in a Supersonic Wind Tunnel Facility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prateek%20Kishore">Prateek Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20M.%20Muruganandam"> T. M. Muruganandam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Supersonic wind tunnel nozzles are generally capable of producing a constant Mach number flow in the test section of the wind tunnel. As a result, most of the supersonic vehicles are widely designed using steady state flow characteristics which may have errors while facing unsteady situations. This study aims to explore the possibility of varying the Mach number of the flow during wind tunnel operation. The nozzle walls are restricted to be inflexible for cooling near the throat due to high stagnation temperature requirement of the flow to simulate the conditions as experienced by the vehicle. Two simple independent mechanisms, rotation and translation of nozzle walls have been analyzed and the nozzle ranges have been optimized to vary the Mach number from Mach 2 to Mach 5 using minimum number of nozzles in the wind tunnel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method%20of%20characteristics" title="method of characteristics">method of characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nozzle" title=" nozzle"> nozzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20wind%20tunnel" title=" supersonic wind tunnel"> supersonic wind tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20mach%20number" title=" variable mach number"> variable mach number</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66454/analysis-of-simple-mechanisms-to-continuously-vary-mach-number-in-a-supersonic-wind-tunnel-facility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> Modern Management Principles Enshrined in Ancient Vedic Texts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kishore%20Kumar">M. Kishore Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ancient Vedas and Upanishads are a treasure of knowledge gifted to the world by India. The four Vedas, a conglomerate of Hindu scriptures, contain many principles of modern management at organisation as well as at individual levels. It lays down the duties of a King and ministers as well as its citizens and cites values for leadership. Bhagawadgita (or ‘Gita’ in short), popularly cited as Pancham (Fifth) Veda, is stated to be sermoned about 5000 years ago by Lord Krishna. In the midst of the Kurukshetra battle, Gitopadesh was given various aspects such as dharma (duties), karma (action), stithaprajna (stable mind), nishkama (detachment from results) and ethics. Arjun was steered to victory by Lord Krishna as his charioteer, and the 700-odd-verse holy text Bhagawadgita can become a valuable guide for all of us to achieve success in business management. Many parallels exist between modern-day management theories and principles enshrined in Vedic texts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goal" title="goal">goal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mind" title=" mind"> mind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162460/modern-management-principles-enshrined-in-ancient-vedic-texts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Significance of Square Non-Spiral Microcoils for Biomedical Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himanshu%20Chandrakar">Himanshu Chandrakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishnapriya%20S."> Krishnapriya S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rama%20Komaragiri"> Rama Komaragiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suja%20K.%20J."> Suja K. J.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro coils are significant components for micro magnetic sensors and actuators especially in biomedical devices. Non-spiral planar microcoils of square, hexagonal and octagonal shapes are introduced for the first time in this paper. Comparison between different planar spiral and non-spiral coils are also discussed. The fabrication advantages and low power dissipation of non-spiral structures make them a strong alternative for conventional spiral planar coils. Series resistance of non-spiral coil is lesser than that of spiral coils though magnetic field is slightly lesser for non-spiral coils. Comparison of different planar microcoils shows that the proposed square non-spiral coil gives better performance than other structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-spiral%20planar%20microcoil" title="non-spiral planar microcoil">non-spiral planar microcoil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20dissipation" title=" power dissipation"> power dissipation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20resistance" title=" series resistance"> series resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spiral" title=" spiral"> spiral</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83029/significance-of-square-non-spiral-microcoils-for-biomedical-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> Optical and Mechanical Characterization of Severe Plastically Deformed Copper Alloy Processed by Constrained Groove Pressing </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaya%20Prasad%20Vanam">Jaya Prasad Vanam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinay%20Anurag%20P"> Vinay Anurag P</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidya%20Sravya%20N%20S"> Vidya Sravya N S</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kishore%20Babu%20Nagamothu"> Kishore Babu Nagamothu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Constrained Groove Pressing (CGP) is one of the severe plastic deformation technique (SPD) by which we can process Ultra Fine Grained (UFG)/plane metallic materials. This paper discusses the effects of CGP on Cu-Zn alloy specimen at room temperature. A comprehensive study is made on the structural and mechanical properties of Brass specimen before and after Constrained grooves Pressing. Entire process is simulated in AFDEX CAE Software. It is found that most of the properties are superior with respect to brass samples such as yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, hardness, strain rate, etc., and they are found to be better for the CGP processed specimen. The results are discussed with respective graphs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constrained%20groove%20pressing" title="constrained groove pressing">constrained groove pressing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AFDEX" title=" AFDEX"> AFDEX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra%20fine%20grained%20materials" title=" ultra fine grained materials"> ultra fine grained materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20plastic%20deformation%20technique" title=" severe plastic deformation technique"> severe plastic deformation technique</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125954/optical-and-mechanical-characterization-of-severe-plastically-deformed-copper-alloy-processed-by-constrained-groove-pressing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> The Subtle Influence of Hindu Doctrines on Film Industry: A Case Study of Movie Avatar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cemil%20Kutlut%C3%BCrk">Cemil Kutlutürk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hindu culture and religious doctrines such as caste, reincarnation, yoga, nirvana have always proved a popular theme for the film industry. The analyzing of these motifs in the movies with a scientific approach enables to individuals either to comprehend the messages and deep meanings of films or to understand others’ religious beliefs systems and daily lives in a properly way. The primary aim of this study is to handle the subtle influence of Hindu doctrines on cinema industry by focusing on James Cameron’s film, Avatar and its relationship with Hindu concept of avatara by referring to original Hindu sacred texts where this doctrine is basically clarified. The Sanskrit word avatara means to come down or to descend. Although an avatara is commonly considered as an appearance of any deity on earth, the term refers the Vishnu’s descending on earth. When the movie avatar and avatara doctrine are compared, various similarities have noteworthy revealed. Firstly in the movie, Jake is chosen by Eywa to protect Pandora from evils. Similarly in the movie, avatar is born when there is a rise of jealousy and unrighteousness. The same concept is found in avatara doctrine. According to this belief whenever righteousness (dharma) wanes and unrighteousness (adharma) increases God incarnates himself as an avatara. In Hindu tradition, the ten avataras of Vishnu are the most popular. This standard list of ten avataras includes the Fish, the Tortoise, the Boar, the Man-Lion (Narasimha), the Dwarf, Parasurama, Rama, Krishna, the Buddha and Kalki. In the movie the avatar has tail, eyes, nose, ear which is similar to Narasimha (half man-half lion) avatara. On the other hand use of bow and arrow by Navis in the film, evokes us Rama avatara whose basic gun is same. Navis fly on a dragon like bird called Ikra and ride a horse-like quadruped animal. The vehicle for transformation of the avatar in the movie is also resemblance with the idea of Garuda, the great mythical bird, which is used by Vishnu in Hindu mythology. In addition, the last avatara, Kalki, will be seen on a white horse according to Puranas. The basic difference is that for Hinduism avatara means descent of a God, yet in the movie, a human being named Jake Sully, is manifested as humanoid of another planet, this is called as avatar. While in the movie the avatar manifests himself in another planet, Pandora, in Hinduism avataras descent on this world. On the other hand, in Hindu scriptures, there are many avataras and they are categorized according to their functions and attributes. These sides of avatara doctrine cannot be also seen clearly in the film. Even though there are some differences between each other, the main hypothesis of this study is that the general character of the movie is similar to avatara doctrine. In the movie instead of emphasizing on a specific avatara, qualities of different Vishnu avataras have been properly used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20industry" title="film industry">film industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hinduism" title=" Hinduism"> Hinduism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incarnation" title=" incarnation"> incarnation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Cameron" title=" James Cameron"> James Cameron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=movie%20avatar" title=" movie avatar"> movie avatar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42261/the-subtle-influence-of-hindu-doctrines-on-film-industry-a-case-study-of-movie-avatar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> Performance of Structural Concrete Containing Marble Dust as a Partial Replacement for River Sand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ravande%20Kishore">Ravande Kishore</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper present the results of experimental investigation carried out to understand the mechanical properties of concrete containing marble dust. Two grades of concrete viz. M25 and M35 have been considered for investigation. For each grade of concrete five replacement percentages of sand viz. 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by marble dust have been considered. In all, 12 concrete mix cases including two control concrete mixtures have been studied to understand the key properties such as Compressive strength, Modulus of elasticity, Modulus of rupture and Split tensile strength. Development of Compressive strength is also investigated. In general, the results of investigation indicated improved performance of concrete mixture containing marble dust. About 21% increase in Compressive strength is noticed for concrete mixtures containing 20% marble dust and 80% river sand. An overall assessment of investigation results pointed towards high potential for marble dust as alternative construction material coming from waste generated in marble industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20material" title="construction material">construction material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20replacement" title=" partial replacement"> partial replacement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marble%20dust" title=" marble dust"> marble dust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15741/performance-of-structural-concrete-containing-marble-dust-as-a-partial-replacement-for-river-sand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Rama%20Kishore&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> 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