CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Maguindanao massacre - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"a2e0ffa1-16cf-4427-885b-a3a195e17d38","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Maguindanao_massacre","wgTitle":"Maguindanao massacre","wgCurRevisionId":1259197840,"wgRevisionId":1259197840,"wgArticleId":25187824,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 errors: generic name","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use Philippine English from April 2023","All Wikipedia articles written in Philippine English","Use mdy dates from March 2015","Coordinates on Wikidata","Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2011","All articles containing potentially dated statements", "Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2009","2009 murders in the Philippines","2009 disasters in the Philippines","November 2009 events in the Philippines","November 2009 crimes","Assassinated Filipino journalists","Massacres in 2009","Massacres in the Philippines","Extrajudicial killings in the Philippines","History of Maguindanao del Sur","2010 Philippine general election","Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo","Democratic backsliding in the Philippines","Electoral violence","21st-century mass murder in the Philippines","Trials in the Philippines","2010s trials","Mass kidnappings","Kidnappings in the Philippines","Kidnapping in the 2000s","Rape in the Philippines","Massacres of women","Violence against women in the Philippines","2009 in politics","Crime in Mindanao","21st century in Bangsamoro","Family murders"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Maguindanao_massacre", "wgRelevantArticleId":25187824,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":6.809444444444444,"lon":124.43944444444445},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1518023","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands", "architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP", "ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg/1200px-Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1583"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg/800px-Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1055"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg/640px-Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="844"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Maguindanao massacre - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maguindanao_massacre"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maguindanao_massacre"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Maguindanao_massacre rootpage-Maguindanao_massacre skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Maguindanao+massacre" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Maguindanao+massacre" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Maguindanao+massacre" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Maguindanao+massacre" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Attack</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Attack-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Attack subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Attack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prior_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prior_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Prior events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prior_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kidnapping_and_massacre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kidnapping_and_massacre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Kidnapping and massacre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kidnapping_and_massacre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aftermath subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Declaration_of_martial_law" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Declaration_of_martial_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Declaration of martial law</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Declaration_of_martial_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_fundraising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_fundraising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Media fundraising</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_fundraising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Police_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Police_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Police operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Police_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_proceedings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_proceedings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Legal proceedings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legal_proceedings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legal proceedings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legal_proceedings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Verdict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verdict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Verdict</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verdict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Victims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Victims</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Victims-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Victims subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Victims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mangudadatu_family_and_associates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mangudadatu_family_and_associates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Mangudadatu family and associates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mangudadatu_family_and_associates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Journalists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journalists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Journalists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journalists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_civilian_casualties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_civilian_casualties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Other civilian casualties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_civilian_casualties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_Rights_Watch_report" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_Rights_Watch_report"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Human Rights Watch report</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_Rights_Watch_report-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_assaults" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_assaults"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sexual assaults</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_assaults-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Maguindanao massacre</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maqindanao_q%C9%99tliam%C4%B1" title="Maqindanao qətliamı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Maqindanao qətliamı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massaker_in_Maguindanao_2009" title="Massaker in Maguindanao 2009 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Massaker in Maguindanao 2009" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matanza_de_Maguind%C3%A1nao" title="Matanza de Maguindánao – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Matanza de Maguindánao" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacre_de_Maguindanao" title="Massacre de Maguindanao – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Massacre de Maguindanao" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembantaian_Maguindanao" title="Pembantaian Maguindanao – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pembantaian Maguindanao" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacro_di_Maguindanao" title="Massacro di Maguindanao – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Massacro di Maguindanao" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%95%E1%83%90-%E1%83%9F%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="მაგინდანაოს ხოცვა-ჟლეტა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაგინდანაოს ხოცვა-ჟლეტა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembunuhan_beramai-ramai_Maguindanao" title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai Maguindanao – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pembunuhan beramai-ramai Maguindanao" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maguindanao-massakren" title="Maguindanao-massakren – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Maguindanao-massakren" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Резня в Магинданао – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Резня в Магинданао" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maguindanaon_veril%C3%B6yly" title="Maguindanaon verilöyly – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maguindanaon verilöyly" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masaker_sa_Maguindanao" title="Masaker sa Maguindanao – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Masaker sa Maguindanao" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="மகுயிண்டனாவோ படுகொலை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மகுயிண்டனாவோ படுகொலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A3m_s%C3%A1t_Maguindanao" title="Thảm sát Maguindanao – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thảm sát Maguindanao" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E5%B9%B4Maguindanao%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="2009年Maguindanao屠殺 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="2009年Maguindanao屠殺" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BA%AC%E9%81%94%E7%91%99%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA" title="馬京達瑙大屠殺 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="馬京達瑙大屠殺" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1518023#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_massacre" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Maguindanao_massacre" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_massacre"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_massacre"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Maguindanao_massacre" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Maguindanao_massacre" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&oldid=1259197840" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Maguindanao_massacre&id=1259197840&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMaguindanao_massacre"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMaguindanao_massacre"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Maguindanao_massacre&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1518023" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Maguindanao_massacre&params=6_48_34_N_124_26_22_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">6°48′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">124°26′22″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.80944°N 124.43944°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">6.80944; 124.43944</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2009 politically motivated mass murder in Maguindanao, Philippines</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 2009 Maguindanao massacre. For the 2015 clash which also took place in Maguindanao, see <a href="/wiki/Mamasapano_clash" title="Mamasapano clash">Mamasapano clash</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:125%;">Maguindanao massacre</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg/220px-Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg/330px-Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg/440px-Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1871" data-file-height="2468" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map of the Philippines with Maguindanao highlighted</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location">Sitio Masalay, Barangay Salman, <a href="/wiki/Ampatuan,_Maguindanao" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampatuan, Maguindanao">Ampatuan, Maguindanao</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a>), <a href="/wiki/Mindanao" title="Mindanao">Mindanao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Maguindanao_massacre&params=6_48_34_N_124_26_22_E_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">6°48′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">124°26′22″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.80944°N 124.43944°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">6.80944; 124.43944</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">November 23, 2009<span class="noprint">; 15 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2009-11-23</span>)</span> <br /><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 10:30 – 11:00 a.m. (UTC+8)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Target</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Esmael_Mangudadatu" title="Esmael Mangudadatu">Esmael Mangudadatu</a>'s family members, supporters, journalists</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Attack type</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mass_shooting" title="Mass shooting">Mass shooting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mass_murder" title="Mass murder">mass murder</a>, mass <a href="/wiki/Kidnapping" title="Kidnapping">kidnapping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_violence" title="Political violence">political violence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weapons</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Firearms" class="mw-redirect" title="Firearms">Firearms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Machetes" class="mw-redirect" title="Machetes">machetes</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data">58<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Esmael_Mangudadatu" title="Esmael Mangudadatu">Esmael Mangudadatu</a>'s family members and supporters, and 32 accompanying journalists)</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Perpetrators</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><ul><li>Zaldy Ampatuan<sup id="cite_ref-zalds_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zalds-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>Andal "Unsay" Ampatuan Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-zalds_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zalds-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of participants</div></th><td class="infobox-data">197</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motive</th><td class="infobox-data">Political opposition to <a href="/wiki/Esmael_Mangudadatu" title="Esmael Mangudadatu">Esmael Mangudadatu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Verdict</th><td class="infobox-data">See <a href="#Verdict">Verdict section</a> below</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Maguindanao massacre</b> (also known as the <b>Ampatuan massacre</b>, named after <a href="/wiki/Ampatuan,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Ampatuan, Maguindanao del Sur">the town</a> where mass graves of victims were found)<sup id="cite_ref-maptimeline_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maptimeline-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> occurred on the morning of November 23, 2009, in the town of <a href="/wiki/Ampatuan,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Ampatuan, Maguindanao del Sur">Ampatuan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao" title="Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> (now located in <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Maguindanao del Sur">Maguindanao del Sur</a>). The 58 victims were on their way to file a certificate of candidacy for <a href="/wiki/Esmael_Mangudadatu" title="Esmael Mangudadatu">Esmael Mangudadatu</a>, vice mayor of <a href="/wiki/Buluan" title="Buluan">Buluan</a>, when they were kidnapped and later killed. Mangudadatu was challenging <a href="/wiki/Datu_Unsay,_Maguindanao" class="mw-redirect" title="Datu Unsay, Maguindanao">Datu Unsay</a> mayor <a href="/wiki/Andal_Ampatuan_Jr." title="Andal Ampatuan Jr.">Andal Ampatuan Jr.</a>, son of the incumbent Maguindanao governor <a href="/wiki/Andal_Ampatuan_Sr." title="Andal Ampatuan Sr.">Andal Ampatuan Sr.</a> and member of one of Mindanao's leading Muslim political clans,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the forthcoming Maguindanao gubernatorial election,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> part of the <a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_general_election" title="2010 Philippine general election">national elections in 2010</a>. The people killed included Mangudadatu's wife, his two sisters, journalists, lawyers, aides, and motorists who were witnesses or were mistakenly identified as part of the convoy. </p><p>At the time, the <a href="/wiki/Committee_to_Protect_Journalists" title="Committee to Protect Journalists">Committee to Protect Journalists</a> (CPJ) called the Maguindanao <a href="/wiki/Massacre" title="Massacre">massacre</a> the "single deadliest event" for <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalists</a> since they began compiling records in 1992;<sup id="cite_ref-pdi_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pdi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at least 34 journalists are known to have died in the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even before the massacre, the CPJ had labeled the Philippines the second most dangerous country for journalists, second only to <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The incident is also the deadliest mass shooting to ever occur in the Philippines. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard hlist" style="width:25em"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Category:History of the Philippines">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines" title="History of the Philippines">History of <span class="fn org label">the Philippines</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg/225px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg/338px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Carta_Hydrographica_y_Chorographica_de_las_Yslas_Filipinas_Dedicada_al_Rey_Nuestro_Se%C3%B1or_por_el_Mariscal_d._Campo_D._Fernando_Valdes_Tamon_Cavall%C2%BA_del_Orden_de_Santiago_de_Govor._Y_Capn.jpg/450px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4745" data-file-height="4365" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Philippine_history" title="Timeline of Philippine history">Timeline</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_the_Philippines" title="Prehistory of the Philippines">Prehistoric period</a> (pre-900)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_the_Philippines#Kalinga_artifacts_and_fossil_fauna_remains" title="Prehistory of the Philippines">Early hominin activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homo_luzonensis" title="Homo luzonensis">Homo luzonensis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabon_Man" title="Tabon Man">Tabon Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Models_of_migration_to_the_Philippines" title="Models of migration to the Philippines">Austronesian expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angono_Petroglyphs" title="Angono Petroglyphs">Angono Petroglyphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal-lo_and_Gattaran_Shell_Middens" title="Lal-lo and Gattaran Shell Middens">Lal-lo and Gattaran Shell Middens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_jade_culture" title="Philippine jade culture">Jade culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa_Hu%E1%BB%B3nh_culture" title="Sa Huỳnh culture">Sa Huỳnh culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precolonial_barangay" title="Precolonial barangay">Precolonial barangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Silk_Road" title="Maritime Silk Road">Maritime Silk Road</a></li></ul> <p><b>Events/Artifacts</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balangay" title="Balangay">Balangay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_Terraces_of_the_Philippine_Cordilleras" title="Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras">Cordillera Rice Terraces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_grave_goods_in_the_Philippines" title="Prehistoric grave goods in the Philippines">Grave goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalanay_Cave" title="Kalanay Cave">Kalanay Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitum_anthropomorphic_pottery" title="Maitum anthropomorphic pottery">Maitum anthropomorphic pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manunggul_Jar" title="Manunggul Jar">Manunggul Jar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_beads_in_the_Philippines" title="Prehistoric beads in the Philippines">Prehistoric beads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_tools_in_the_Philippines" title="Shell tools in the Philippines">Shell tools</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(900%E2%80%931565)" title="History of the Philippines (900–1565)">Precolonial period</a> (900–1565)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><b>Historically documented states/polities</b> <p><i>(north to south)</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caboloan" title="Caboloan">Caboloan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cainta_(historical_polity)" title="Cainta (historical polity)">Cainta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tondo_(historical_polity)" title="Tondo (historical polity)">Tondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namayan" title="Namayan">Namayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynila_(historical_polity)" title="Maynila (historical polity)">Maynila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibalon" title="Ibalon">Ibalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma-i" title="Ma-i">Ma-i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulilu" title="Pulilu">Pulilu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandao" title="Sandao">Sandao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madja-as" title="Madja-as">Madja-as</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapitan_Kingdom" title="Dapitan Kingdom">Dapitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu_(historical_state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cebu (historical state)">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butuan_(historical_polity)" title="Butuan (historical polity)">Butuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmalan" title="Sanmalan">Sanmalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Maguindanao" title="Sultanate of Maguindanao">Sultanate of Maguindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Buayan" title="Sultanate of Buayan">Sultanate of Buayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_Lanao" title="Confederate States of Lanao">Sultanates of Lanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Sulu" title="Sultanate of Sulu">Sultanate of Sulu</a></li></ul> <p><b>Events/Artifacts</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maragtas" title="Maragtas">Maragtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Copperplate_Inscription" title="Laguna Copperplate Inscription">Laguna Copperplate Inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butuan_Ivory_Seal" title="Butuan Ivory Seal">Butuan Ivory Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limestone_tombs_of_Kamhantik" title="Limestone tombs of Kamhantik">Limestone tombs of Kamhantik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabayan_Mummies" title="Kabayan Mummies">Kabayan Mummies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybayin" title="Baybayin">Baybayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijang" title="Ijang">Batanes Ijang fortresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agusan_image" title="Agusan image">Golden Tara of Agusan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monreal_Stones" title="Monreal Stones">Monreal Stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butuan_Silver_Paleograph" title="Butuan Silver Paleograph">Butuan Silver Paleograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piloncitos" title="Piloncitos">Piloncitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barter_rings" title="Barter rings">Barter rings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzones" title="Luzones">Luzones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magellan_expedition" title="Magellan expedition">Magellan expedition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mactan" title="Battle of Mactan">Battle of Mactan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1565%E2%80%931898)" title="History of the Philippines (1565–1898)">Spanish colonial period</a> (1565–1898)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><b>Events</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_L%C3%B3pez_de_Legazpi#Expedition_to_the_Philippines" title="Miguel López de Legazpi">Voyage of Miguel López de Legazpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandugo" title="Sandugo">Sandugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Cebu_(1565)" title="Treaty of Cebu (1565)">Treaty of Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Cebu" title="Blockade of Cebu">Blockade of Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1570)" title="Battle of Manila (1570)">Spanish capture of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bangkusay" title="Battle of Bangkusay">Battle of Bangkusay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_East_Indies" title="Spanish East Indies">Spanish East Indies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_the_Philippines" title="Captaincy General of the Philippines">Captaincy General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tondo_Conspiracy" title="Tondo Conspiracy">Tondo Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Manila galleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_revolts_against_Spain" title="Philippine revolts against Spain">Revolts and uprisings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igorot_resistance_to_Spanish_colonization" title="Igorot resistance to Spanish colonization">Igorot resistance to Spanish colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93Moro_conflict" title="Spanish–Moro conflict">Spanish–Moro conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_La_Naval_de_Manila" title="Battles of La Naval de Manila">Battles of La Naval de Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_occupation_of_Manila" title="British occupation of Manila">British invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_Movement" title="Propaganda Movement">Propaganda Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Cavite_mutiny" title="1872 Cavite mutiny">1872 Cavite mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Liga_Filipina" title="La Liga Filipina">La Liga Filipina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Pugad_Lawin" title="Cry of Pugad Lawin">Cry of Pugad Lawin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Revolution" title="Philippine Revolution">Philippine Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tejeros_Convention" title="Tejeros Convention">Tejeros Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Biak-na-Bato" title="Republic of Biak-na-Bato">Republic of Biak-na-Bato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_Bay" title="Battle of Manila Bay">Battle of Manila Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Philippine Declaration of Independence">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1898)" title="Battle of Manila (1898)">American capture of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malolos_Congress" title="Malolos Congress">Malolos Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Philippine_Republic" title="First Philippine Republic">First Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Philippine–American War</a></li></ul> <p><b>Artifacts</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Codex" title="Boxer Codex">Boxer Codex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctrina_Christiana" title="Doctrina Christiana">Doctrina Christiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas_Baybayin_Documents" title="University of Santo Tomas Baybayin Documents">UST Baybayin Documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velarde_map" title="Velarde map">Velarde map</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1898%E2%80%931946)" title="History of the Philippines (1898–1946)">American colonial period</a> (1898–1946)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_Republic" title="Tagalog Republic">Tagalog Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Negros" title="Republic of Negros">Negros Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Zamboanga" title="Republic of Zamboanga">Zamboanga Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands">Military Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Rebellion" title="Moro Rebellion">Moro Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands" title="Insular Government of the Philippine Islands">Insular Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Law_(Philippines)" title="Jones Law (Philippines)">Jones Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tydings%E2%80%93McDuffie_Act" title="Tydings–McDuffie Act">Tydings–McDuffie Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines">Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Philippines_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the Philippines during World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Philippines" title="Japanese occupation of the Philippines">Japanese occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bataan" title="Battle of Bataan">Battle of Bataan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Corregidor" title="Battle of Corregidor">Battle of Corregidor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Second Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_resistance_against_Japan" title="Philippine resistance against Japan">Philippine resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukbalahap" title="Hukbalahap">Hukbalahap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf" title="Battle of Leyte Gulf">Battle of Leyte Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines_campaign_(1944%E2%80%931945)" title="Philippines campaign (1944–1945)">Philippines campaign</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Post-independence</a> (1946–1965)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1946%E2%80%931965)" title="History of the Philippines (1946–1965)">Third Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Manila_(1946)" title="Treaty of Manila (1946)">Treaty of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_Defense_Treaty_(United_States%E2%80%93Philippines)" title="Mutual Defense Treaty (United States–Philippines)">Mutual Defense Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hukbalahap_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hukbalahap Rebellion">Hukbalahap Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_First_policy" title="Filipino First policy">Filipino First policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_dispute" title="North Borneo dispute">North Borneo dispute</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Marcos era</a> (1965–1986)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_armed_conflicts_in_the_Philippines" title="Communist armed conflicts in the Philippines">Communist rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)#Martial_law_(1972–1981)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)#The_Fourth_Republic_(1981–1986)" title="History of the Philippines (1965–1986)">Fourth Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Contemporary period</a> (1986–present)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1986%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the Philippines (1986–present)">Fifth Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Philippine_campaign_against_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front">2000 campaign against the MILF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_EDSA_Revolution" title="Second EDSA Revolution">2nd People Power Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDSA_III" title="EDSA III">EDSA III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakwood_mutiny" title="Oakwood mutiny">Oakwood mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">Philippine drug war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_in_the_South_China_Sea" title="Territorial disputes in the South China Sea">Territorial disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">Siege of Marawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro">Bangsamoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">By topic</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center; line-height:18px;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-colonial_Philippines" title="Religion in pre-colonial Philippines">Ancient religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_state_leaders_in_the_Philippines" title="List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Philippine_consorts" title="List of ancient Philippine consorts">Queen consorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Philippines" title="Administrative divisions of the Philippines">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergence_of_agriculture_in_the_Philippines" title="Emergence of agriculture in the Philippines">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_the_Philippines" title="Archaeology of the Philippines">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Philippines#History" title="Telecommunications in the Philippines">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_the_Philippines" title="List of conflicts in the Philippines">Conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_achievements_of_pre-colonial_Philippines" title="Cultural achievements of pre-colonial Philippines">Cultural achievements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Filipino_diet_and_health" title="Ancient Filipino diet and health">Diet and health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines#History" title="Education in the Philippines">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Economic history of the Philippines">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Philippines" title="Geography of the Philippines">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historiography_of_the_Philippines" title="Historiography of the Philippines">Historiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Philippines" title="Languages of the Philippines">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_medicine_in_the_Philippines" title="History of medicine in the Philippines">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Military history of the Philippines">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_name" title="Filipino name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_the_Philippines" title="Political history of the Philippines">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_Philippines" title="Science and technology in the Philippines">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Philippines" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Philippines">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philippines" title="Portal:Philippines">Philippines portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Template:History of the Philippines"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Template talk:History of the Philippines"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_the_Philippines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of the Philippines"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Ampatuans had been in control of Maguindanao since 2001. <a href="/wiki/Andal_Ampatuan_Sr." title="Andal Ampatuan Sr.">Andal Ampatuan Sr.</a> first came into prominence when <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> appointed him as Chief-of-Offices of <a href="/wiki/Shariff_Aguak" title="Shariff Aguak">Maganoy (now Shariff Aguak)</a> in 1986 immediately after the <a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a>. Aquino, after coming into power in 1986 through a revolution, replaced every locally elected official with officers-in-charge, although the town of Maganoy was approached differently; the aging mayor, Pinagayaw Ampatuan, was replaced by his vice mayor, Andal Ampatuan Sr. He won the <a href="/wiki/1988_Philippine_local_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1988 Philippine local election">1988 local elections</a> and served for ten years. Andal Sr. was elected governor <a href="/wiki/1998_Philippine_general_election" title="1998 Philippine general election">1998</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of <a href="/wiki/Lakas-Kampi-CMD" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakas-Kampi-CMD">Lakas-Kampi-CMD</a>, President <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a> listed Andal Sr. as a major ally in Mindanao. <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> (ARMM) regional governor <a href="/wiki/Zaldy_Ampatuan" title="Zaldy Ampatuan">Zaldy Ampatuan</a> was the party's regional chairman. Andal Sr., the family patriarch, had been provincial governor since 1998; he had been elected three times, unopposed. Eighteen of the mayors in Maguindanao belong to the clan. The elder Ampatuan attributed his popularity to "popular support", adding that "Because I am so loved by the constituencies of the municipalities, they ask me to have my sons as representatives." In the <a href="/wiki/2004_Philippine_general_election" title="2004 Philippine general election">2004 presidential election</a>, Arroyo won 69% of Maguindanao's vote; <a href="/wiki/2007_Philippine_general_election" title="2007 Philippine general election">three years later</a>, the party-backed <a href="/wiki/TEAM_Unity_(Philippines)" title="TEAM Unity (Philippines)">coalition</a> scored a 12–0 sweep of the senatorial elections in the province. Unable to run for a third term, he groomed his son, Andal Jr., to succeed him as governor.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With escalating tensions in the province, Arroyo, as head of Lakas-Kampi-CMD, mediated between the Ampatuans and the Mangudadatus (both are from the same party) to prevent election-related violence. Three meetings were held in mid-2009, with one meeting hosted by then-<a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defense_(Philippines)" title="Department of National Defense (Philippines)">Secretary of National Defense</a> and 2009–2010 party chairman <a href="/wiki/Gilberto_Teodoro" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilberto Teodoro">Gilberto Teodoro</a>, who ran to succeed Arroyo as president but was defeated by <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Noynoy Aquino</a>. Arroyo's adviser for political affairs, Gabriel Claudio, disclosed that there was an initial agreement "in principle" that no Mangudadatu would contest Ampatuan Sr.'s governorship.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attack">Attack</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Attack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_locator_maguindanao_buluan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Ph_locator_maguindanao_buluan.png/120px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_buluan.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Ph_locator_maguindanao_buluan.png/180px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_buluan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Ph_locator_maguindanao_buluan.png/240px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_buluan.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Location of Buluan, the origin of the convoy, in Maguindanao.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_locator_maguindanao_shariff_aguak.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Ph_locator_maguindanao_shariff_aguak.png/120px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_shariff_aguak.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Ph_locator_maguindanao_shariff_aguak.png/180px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_shariff_aguak.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Ph_locator_maguindanao_shariff_aguak.png/240px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_shariff_aguak.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Location of Shariff Aguak, the destination of the convoy, in Maguindanao.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ph_locator_maguindanao_ampatuan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ph_locator_maguindanao_ampatuan.png/120px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_ampatuan.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ph_locator_maguindanao_ampatuan.png/180px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_ampatuan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ph_locator_maguindanao_ampatuan.png/240px-Ph_locator_maguindanao_ampatuan.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Location of Ampatuan, the location where the massacre took place, in Maguindanao.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prior_events">Prior events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prior events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Buluan Vice Mayor Esmael "Toto" Mangudadatu had invited 37 journalists to cover the scheduled filing of his certificate of candidacy (COC) at the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Commission on Elections</a> (COMELEC) provincial office in <a href="/wiki/Shariff_Aguak" title="Shariff Aguak">Shariff Aguak</a>. He said reports had reached him that his rivals had threatened to chop him into pieces once he filed his COC, and felt the presence of journalists would deter such an attack. On the week he was to file his certificate of candidacy (COC), he requested for security which the PNP Regional Command in the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> rejected, perhaps on the behest of regional governor Zaldy Ampatuan, one of the perpetrators of the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of this, Mangudadatu changed plans; he would not go to Shariff Aguak personally. Rather, he would send an all-women party led by his wife, two sisters, and an aunt with female lawyers, in order to file his COC on his behalf. Some reports suggest he was relying on an Islamic tradition that women are not to be harmed. For security, he would have media persons from <a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato" title="South Cotabato">South Cotabato</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Santos" title="General Santos">General Santos</a> join the women and cover the filing of his COC, believing the women were safe under the eyes of media.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hours before the convoy departed, Aquiles Zonio, a correspondent for the <i><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a></i> from General Santos, texted the Philippine Army's <a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Division_(Philippines)" title="6th Infantry Division (Philippines)">6th Infantry Division</a> and was assured the road was safe.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party was supposed to leave for Shariff Aguak at 9 am, but their departure was delayed by security concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At 9:30 am, a convoy carrying the journalists, lawyers, and relatives of Mangudadatu left Buluan to file his COC at the COMELEC office in <a href="/wiki/Shariff_Aguak" title="Shariff Aguak">Shariff Aguak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The convoy was composed of seven vehicles: four <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Grandia" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Grandia">Toyota Grandia</a> vans (one grey, one green, and two white) owned by the Mangudadatu family; two media vehicles – a <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Pajero" title="Mitsubishi Pajero">Mitsubishi Pajero</a> owned by <a href="/wiki/DZRH" title="DZRH">DZRH</a> broadcast journalist Henry Araneta, and a <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Delica" title="Mitsubishi Delica">Mitsubishi L-300</a> van owned by <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Progressive Broadcasting Corporation">UNTV</a>; and a fifth Grandia boarded by mediamen, which lagged behind the rest of the convoy and thus was able to avoid being captured by the gunmen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kidnapping_and_massacre">Kidnapping and massacre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kidnapping and massacre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At around 10:00 am, the convoy was passing through the town of <a href="/wiki/Ampatuan,_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Ampatuan, Maguindanao del Sur">Ampatuan</a> when it stopped at a police checkpoint in Barangay Masalay, about 10 km from Shariff Aguak (four in other versions), for a routine inspection.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that moment, at least ten vehicles carrying heavily armed gunmen arrived and surrounded the convoy.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The men, led by <a href="/wiki/Andal_Ampatuan_Jr." title="Andal Ampatuan Jr.">Andal Ampatuan Jr.</a>, took the occupants of the vehicles as hostages and ordered the policemen who were present to step aside.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <i>Inquirer</i>, several of the gunmen were from the <a href="/wiki/Citizen_Armed_Force_Geographical_Unit" title="Citizen Armed Force Geographical Unit">Citizen Armed Force Geographical Unit</a> (CAFGU), an <a href="/wiki/Irregular_military" title="Irregular military">irregular</a> <a href="/wiki/Auxiliaries" title="Auxiliaries">auxiliary</a> force of the AFP, and civilian volunteer organizations (CVOs).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gunmen initially forced the victims to get out and lie down on the ground and took their personal belongings from them, before ordering them back into their vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were two other vehicles that were also present at the checkpoint but were not part of the convoy: a red <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Vios" title="Toyota Vios">Toyota Vios</a> and a light blue <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Tamaraw_FX" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Tamaraw FX">Toyota Tamaraw FX</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Vios had five occupants: Eduardo Lechonsito, a government employee who was bound for a hospital in <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a> after suffering a mild stroke that morning; Lechonsito's wife Cecille; co-workers Mercy Palabrica and Daryll delos Reyes; and the driver Wilhelm Palabrica. The FX was driven by Anthony Ridao, an employee of the National Statistics Coordination Board and son of <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a> <a href="/wiki/Councilor" class="mw-redirect" title="Councilor">councilor</a> Marino Ridao.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The occupants of these vehicles were also captured by the gunmen; apparently, they were mistaken as being part of the convoy. </p><p>Some of Ampatuan Jr.'s men commandeered the waylaid vehicles and drove them out to a remote area of Ampatuan, where the victims were once again forced out of their vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, Mangudadatu's wife made a phone call to her husband at around 10:15 am, in which she said that they were being held by at least 100 gunmen whom she identified as the men of Ampatuan Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The call was abruptly cut short when Ampatuan Jr. himself apparently pulled her out of the car she was in and slapped her, causing her to drop her cellphone.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gunfire erupted shortly afterwards at around 10:30 am.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is evidence that at least five of the female victims, four of them journalists, were raped before being killed,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while "practically all" of the women had been shot in their genitals.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mangudadatu's youngest sister and aunt were both pregnant at the time of their murders.<sup id="cite_ref-pd12009-11-26_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pd12009-11-26-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the massacre had ended, the perpetrators began burying the victims in three <a href="/wiki/Mass_grave" title="Mass grave">mass graves</a>, which had been dug two days prior using a <a href="/wiki/Backhoe" title="Backhoe">backhoe</a> emblazoned with the name of Maguindanao Governor Andal Ampatuan Sr.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A total of 35 bodies were found in these mass graves.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though the perpetrators had intended to bury all of the victims, they were forced to flee after learning that military units were approaching their location.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The soldiers arrived at the site at 3:00 pm, more than four hours after the massacre took place.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the authorities, the attack killed 58 people, including 32 journalists.<sup id="cite_ref-zalds3_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zalds3-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52_abs-cbn_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52_abs-cbn-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46_AFP_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46_AFP-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the body of 58th victim was never found.<sup id="cite_ref-zalds2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zalds2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> announced that at least 12 of the victims were journalists, making this the deadliest such incident in the history of news media.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Union of Journalists in the Philippines originally estimated that a total of 20 journalists were killed, including an undisclosed number of NUJP members.<sup id="cite_ref-52_abs-cbn_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52_abs-cbn-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a></i> later updated the number of journalists killed to 34.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 24, the president of the Philippines <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a> responded to the news of the massacre by declaring a <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> in Maguindanao, <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Kudarat" title="Sultan Kudarat">Sultan Kudarat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cotabato_City" title="Cotabato City">Cotabato City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46_AFP_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46_AFP-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Speaker of the House <a href="/wiki/Prospero_Nograles" title="Prospero Nograles">Prospero Nograles</a> called on the police to quickly identify the perpetrators of the massacre and disarm private armies.<sup id="cite_ref-Philstar_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philstar-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Department_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Department of Justice">Philippine Department of Justice</a> created a panel of special prosecutors to handle cases arising from the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nueva_Ecija" title="Nueva Ecija">Nueva Ecija</a> Rep. <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Nonato_N._Joson" class="mw-redirect" title="Eduardo Nonato N. Joson">Eduardo Nonato N. Joson</a> said the massacre might affect, or even lead to the cancellation of, the scheduled <a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2010 Philippine presidential election">2010 presidential elections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Philstar_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Philstar-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Candidates in the election condemned the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On Wednesday, November 25, 2009, the executive committee of the <a href="/wiki/Lakas-Kampi-CMD" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakas-Kampi-CMD">Lakas-Kampi-CMD</a> <a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">political party</a> unanimously voted to expel three members of the Ampatuan family – Maguindanao Gov. Datu Andal Ampatuan Sr. and his two sons, Gov. Datu <a href="/wiki/Zaldy_Ampatuan" title="Zaldy Ampatuan">Zaldy Ampatuan</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a> (ARMM) and Mayor Andal Ampatuan Jr. – from the party for their alleged role in the Maguindanao massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-pdi1_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pdi1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An emergency meeting of the Lakas-Kampi-CMD was held in <a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a>, during which the Ampatuans were stripped of their membership.<sup id="cite_ref-pdi_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pdi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On Thursday, November 26, 2009, Ampatuan Jr. surrendered to his brother <a href="/wiki/Zaldy_Ampatuan" title="Zaldy Ampatuan">Zaldy</a>, was delivered to adviser to the peace process Jesus Dureza, then was flown to <a href="/wiki/General_Santos" title="General Santos">General Santos</a> on his way to <a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a>, where he was taken to the <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Investigation_(Philippines)" title="National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines)">National Bureau of Investigation</a> (NBI) headquarters.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Police in the Philippines charged Andal Ampatuan Jr. with murder.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ampatuan denied the charges, claiming that he was at the provincial capitol in Shariff Aguak when the massacre took place. He instead blamed the <a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> (MILF), specifically Ombra Kato, as the mastermind, a charge the MILF dismissed as "absurd."<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Declaration_of_martial_law">Declaration of martial law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Declaration of martial law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On December 4, 2009, through Proclamation No. 1959, <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a> officially placed <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao" title="Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a> province under a state of <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a>, thereby suspending the privilege of the writ of <a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus" title="Habeas corpus">habeas corpus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita said the step was taken in order to avert the escalation of "lawless" violence in the province and pave the way for the swift arrest of the suspects in the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the declaration, authorities carried out a raid on a warehouse owned by <a href="/wiki/Andal_Ampatuan_Jr." title="Andal Ampatuan Jr.">Andal Ampatuan Jr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The raid resulted in the confiscation of more than 330,000 rounds of <a href="/wiki/5.56%C3%9745mm_NATO" title="5.56×45mm NATO">5.56×45mm NATO</a> ammunition, a <a href="/wiki/High_Mobility_Multipurpose_Wheeled_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle">Humvee</a>, and an improvised <a href="/wiki/Armored_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored vehicle">armored vehicle</a>. Twenty <a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">militiamen</a> were arrested on the premises. Captain James Nicolas of Special Forces was able to retrieve more high powered firearms and ammo after the incident. In the same raid, law enforcement also uncovered thousands of voter IDs buried in the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state of martial law in <a href="/wiki/Maguindanao" title="Maguindanao">Maguindanao</a> was lifted on December 13, 2009. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_fundraising">Media fundraising</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Media fundraising"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/UNTV-37" class="mw-redirect" title="UNTV-37">UNTV-37</a> arranged a fund-raising concert at the <a href="/wiki/Araneta_Coliseum" title="Araneta Coliseum">Araneta Coliseum</a> for the families of 32 members of the media who perished in the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Police_operations">Police operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Police operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Philippine Police and soldiers raided several of the Ampatuan family's houses and homes, in Maguindanao's capital, Shariff Aguak, and next to the provincial headquarters, a compound surrounded by concrete walls about two metres (six feet) high and contains the homes of a number of Ampatuan clan members. Two of the other homes targeted in the raids belonged to Akmad Ampatuan, Ampatuan Snr's brother who is the vice governor of Maguindanao, according to national police chief Jesus Verzosa. Philippines National Police seized several <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">armored personnel carriers</a>, over a thousand military weapons including machine guns, assault and sniper rifles, sub-machine guns, shotguns, pistols, mortar launchers and rounds, grenades, rocket launchers, and caches of ammo and several military uniforms in one house, several buried weapons, ammo and <a href="/wiki/COMELEC" class="mw-redirect" title="COMELEC">COMELEC</a> IDs in a vacant lot, rifles, shotguns, pistols, machine guns, SMGs and ammo, explosives and military uniforms in Zaldy's house. Andal's house had more weapons and ammo with military uniforms inside. The raids yielded weapons powerful enough to arm a battalion of soldiers, and ammo crates bearing the name of <a href="/wiki/Department_of_National_Defense_(Philippines)" title="Department of National Defense (Philippines)">Department of National Defense (Philippines)</a>. This situation was facilitated by Philippine law, which permits local government officials to legally buy an unlimited number of weapons without any obligation to report the type or number purchased.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_proceedings">Legal proceedings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Legal proceedings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox scotus"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="font-style: italic">People of the Philippines v. Ampatuan Jr., et al.<hr /></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Regional_Trial_Court.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Regional_Trial_Court.svg/180px-Regional_Trial_Court.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Regional_Trial_Court.svg/270px-Regional_Trial_Court.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Regional_Trial_Court.svg/360px-Regional_Trial_Court.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="712" data-file-height="712" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Court</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a><span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Regional_Trial_Court" title="Regional Trial Court">Regional Trial Court</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data">221 </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; background-color:#eee;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Full case name</div></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i>People of the Philippines v. Datu Andal "Unsay" Ampatuan Jr., Datu Andal Ampatuan Sr., Datu Zaldy "Puti" U. Ampatuan, Datu Akmad "Tato" Ampatuan Sr., Datu Sajid Islam U. Ampatuan, Datu Anwar U. Ampatuan Sr., Takpan Dilon y Manibpol, PCINSP Sukarno A. Dicay, PSINSP Abdulgapor B. Abad, PSUPT Abusama Mundas Maguid al-Haj, PSUPT Bahnarin U. Kamaong, PSUPT Abdulwahid U. Pedtucasan, SPO2 George S. Labayan, SPO2 Badawi P. Bakal, SPO1 Oscar Donato, SPO1 Samad Usman Maguindra, SPO1 Alimola L. Guianaton, SPO1 Ali Mluk Solano, SPO1 Eduardo H. Ong, SPO1 Elizer S. Rendaje, PO3 Gibrael R. Alano, PO3 Felix Ababao Daquilos, PO3 Abibudin S. Abdulgani, PO3 Ricky D. Balanueco, PO3 Rasid T. Anton, PO3 Felix E. Enate Jr., PO2 Hamad Nana, PO2 Kendatu S. Rakim, PO2 Hernanie S. Decipulo Jr., PO2 Saudiar Ulah, PO2 Saudi Pasutan, PO2 Rexson D. Guiama, PO1 Herich Amaba, PO1 Badjun Ibad Panegas, PO1 Bensedick T. Alfonso, PO1 Mohammad K. Balading, PO1 Datu Jerry M. Utto, PO1 Abdula Baguadatu, PO1 Tamano Sahibal Hadi, PO1 Abdulbayan U. Mundas, PO1 Esprielito G. Lejarso, PO1 Esmael Manuel Guidal, PO1 Jimmy M. Kadtong, PO1 Marjul T. Julkadi, PO1 Abdurahman S. Batarasa, PO1 Abdulanan L. Saavedra, PO1 Marsman E. Nilong, PO1 Narkouk D. Mascud, PO1 Arnulfo A. Soriano, PO1 Rainer T. Ebus, PO1 Ebara G. Bebot, PO1 Pendatun A. Dima, PO1 Michael M. Macarongon, Datu Jimmy Ampatuan y Masukat, Datu Kanor Ampatuan, Datu Bahnarin A. Ampatuan, Datu Mama Ampatuan, Datu Saudi Ampatuan Jr., Datu Anwar Sajid "Ulo" U. Ampatuan, Datu Anwar "Ipi" U. Ampatuan Jr., Datu Harris Ampatuan, Datu Moning Ampatuan, Mogira Hadji Anggulat, Parido Zangkala Gogo, Jun Pendatun, Kagi Faizal, PINSP Rex Ariel T. Diongon, PINSP Michael Joy Macaraeg, PINSP Saudi M. Mokamad, PO2 Tany Dalgan, PO1 Amir Solaiman, PO1 Michael Madsig y Juanitas, PO1 Sandy D. Sabang, PO1 Ysmael Baraquir, PO1 Abbey Guiadem, PO1 Ebad Musa, PO1 Cader Datunot, PO1 Pia Kamidon, PO1 Dukoy Badal, PO1 Alfie Pagabangan, PO1 Warden Kusain Legawan, PO1 Jonathan Engid y Solaiman, PO1 Datu Nor Kadir, PO1 Joharto Kamindan, PO1 Anwar D. Masukat, Sgt. Abdullah Karim Falcon, Sgt. Banzar Maulana, Sgt. Abdul Sokor Abdullah, Sgt. Alnor Ampatuan, Datu Norodin "Nords" Datumanong Ampatuan, Hamid Delayudin, Datu Dainga Ampatuan, Rodel U. Ampatuan, Manny Upam Ampatuan, Misuari S. Ampatuan, Kertz B. Ampatuan, Tony Kenis Ampatuan, Jonathan S. Ampatuan, Intan B. Ampatuan, Mohades A. Ampatuan, Kagi Amar Ampatuan, Mohamad D. Ampatuan, Rek Tony T. Dek, Abas G. Anongan, Muhamad Sangki, Datutuhon M. Esmael, Alex U. Zaipon, Moactar T. Daud, Dhods A. Kamong, Alimudin S. Sanguyod, Fahad Watamama Utto, Surin K. Mentang, Haron K. Arob, Samsudin M. Daud, Theng P. Sali, Toktok K. Guiabal, Batuta G. Zailon, Macton A. Bilungan, Nasser S. Esmael, Abedin Alamada, Maot M. Bangkulat, Bong S. Andal, Mando M. Balangan, Rene Guiapal, Latip Gani, Alex Kadil, Kamper Silongan, Sukor S. Kamsa, Edres G. Kasan, Akad B. Macaton, Maot M. Dumla, Naser Talib, Sanggutin Musa, Rolex Kusen, Buto Umal, Surin Kayukay, Batuti K. Bara, Bassir L. Abdulmaguid, Gambayan M. Kasim, Mamugkay R. Camsa, Taya M. Bangkulat, Zamora G. Sambulawan, Salik S. Bangkulat, Tokan A. Pamsag, Abdul Maula E. Uday, Maguid S. Alba, Tho Akmad Amino, Tumi Timba Abas, Mads P. Utto, Abedin E. Kenny, Gie S. Takilid, Malaguial S. Tanuri, Zacaria P. Akil, Tintingan Kamad Makaalay, Andami M. Singkala, Nasrudin S. Guiamadil, Denga O. Mentol, Toy K. Datumanong, Samaon M. Andatuan, Kudza Masukat Uguia, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Salipad M. Tampogao, Talembo "Tammy" Masukat, Ben A. Mendog, Sahid A. Guiamadil, Abdullah Bacar Abdullah, Kominie K. Inggo, Esiam Mantawil, Mama Habib, Mohamad K. Macauyag, Rusty U. Daud, Kasim T. Lingkong, Abusama B. Guiapal, Rakim M. Amil, Datunot G. Ayob, Norman M. Tatak, Butukan S. Malang, Sonny K. Pindi, Kasim K. Dalending, Edris Tekay Nanding, Abdulkarim L. Manalasan, Maguid Amil Datun, Thong E. Guimano, Tino T. Sanday, Armando O. Ambalgan, Bolatokan Omar, Nasser M. Malaguia, Ebrahim M. Abon, Muktar Santo Kindu, Andro K. Awil, Upam S. Saudi, Samsudin R. Kamilon, Marco G. Enged, Dexson A. Saptula, Norhato M. Kamino, Mohamad T. Datumanong, Nasser I. Guia and Nasser Adam </i> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Decided</th><td class="infobox-data">December 19, 2019<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2019-12-19</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citation</th><td class="infobox-data">Criminal Case Nos. Q-09-162148-72, Q-09162216-31, Q-10-162652-66, Q-10-163766, and GL-Q-12-173638</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Transcript(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/9464/">Decision</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_legal_terms#ponente" title="List of Philippine legal terms">Ponente</a></i></th><td class="infobox-data">Jocelyn Solis Reyes</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>At least 198 suspects, including <a href="/wiki/Andal_Ampatuan_Jr." title="Andal Ampatuan Jr.">Andal Ampatuan Jr</a>. and <a href="/wiki/Andal_Ampatuan_Sr." title="Andal Ampatuan Sr.">Andal Ampatuan Sr</a>. and several other members of the Ampatuan clan, were charged with murder. In April 2010, the government dropped murder charges against <a href="/wiki/Zaldy_Ampatuan" title="Zaldy Ampatuan">Zaldy Ampatuan</a> and Akhmad Ampatuan, who had presented alibis. This led to protests by family members of the victims.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over a decade later, more than 80 of 197 suspects remained at large, including 12 Ampatuans, raising concerns over the safety of witnesses and relatives of the victims.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Senator <a href="/wiki/Joker_Arroyo" title="Joker Arroyo">Joker Arroyo</a> remarked that with nearly 200 defendants and 300 witnesses, the trial could take 200 years.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prosecution lawyer <a href="/wiki/Harry_Roque" title="Harry Roque">Harry Roque</a> computed that it would last more than 100 years.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a statement commemorating the massacre, the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Media_Freedom_and_Responsibility" title="Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility">Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility</a> remarked that the trial was "ongoing, but is rather moving slowly."<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Andal Ampatuan Sr. was arraigned in a special court inside a Manila maximum-security prison on June 1, 2011, 18 months after he and a dozen family members were arrested over the killings. After a court clerk read the names of the 57 victims, he entered a plea of not guilty.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of November 23, 2011<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, two years after the massacre, only Andal Sr. and his son Andal Jr. had been charged, and some 100 of the 197 persons listed on the charge sheet were still unaccounted for.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 28, 2012, the Court of Appeals dismissed the petition of Anwar Ampatuan to have the murder charges against him quashed.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anwar Ampatuan is the grandson of former Maguindanao governor Andal Ampatuan Sr., and is charged with 57 counts of murder. He was arrested in August 2012. In September 2012, the Quezon City Regional Trial Court deferred his arraignment pending resolution of a pending motion to determine if there is probable cause to prosecute him for the charged 57 counts of murder.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2012, acting on a motion filed by Andal Ampatuan Jr., the Supreme Court set guidelines disallowing the live media broadcast of the trial but allowing the filming of the proceedings for real-time transmissions to specified viewing areas and for documentation. This ruling was in reconsideration of an earlier ruling which had allowed live media coverage.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 4, 2014, the prosecution rested its case against Datu Andal "Unsay" Ampatuan Jr and 27 other suspects. The prosecutors said at that time that they were not ready to rest their case against 76 other accused due to pending appeals.<sup id="cite_ref-28rested_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28rested-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2014, private prosecutors alleged that state prosecutors were compromising the case in exchange for bribes, saying that some of the state prosecutors were receiving bribes as large as PHP300 million.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Department of Justice issued an official statement where Supervising Undersecretary Francisco Baraan III and the Department of Justice Panel of Prosecutors denied having received any bribes. The statement also expressed that Baraan and the panel of prosecutors had the full trust and support of Justice Secretary Leila De Lima.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in August 2014, several teams of defense lawyers representing the accused withdrew from the case, citing conflicts of interest among their clients and other reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 13, the court assigned a public lawyer to represent accused affected by the withdrawals, including Andal Ampatuan Sr. and his son Andal Jr.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Datu Sajid Islam Ampatuan was granted bail in January 2015 as the prosecution failed to present strong evidence warranting his detention during trial. In September, the court denied the bail petition of Ampatuan Sr's other son and one of the main accused, former Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) governor <a href="/wiki/Zaldy_Ampatuan" title="Zaldy Ampatuan">Zaldy Ampatuan</a>. The death of Andal Ampatuan Sr. on July 17, 2015, due to complications brought about by liver cancer, removed him from the legal proceedings. The Department of Justice started the probe of 50 new suspects with a preliminary investigation in March 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a landmark ruling reported on July 6, 2017, the special court handling the trial dismissed for lack of evidence the multiple murder case filed against three suspects: Kominie Inggo, Dexson Saptula and Abas Anongan.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 22, 2017, the Public Information Office of the Supreme Court said in a briefing that around a third of the 103 accused who remain on trial had finished presenting their evidence and that, under the guidelines issued by the Supreme Court specifically applying to this case only, the court may render judgment separately and not wait for all the accused to conclude presenting their evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 21, 2018, Philippine Justice Secretary Menardo Guevarra said that he expected the case to be concluded in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a later statement on November 21, he said that he was hopeful of a decision within the first half of 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 8, 2019, Justice Secretary Menardo Guevarra said that the case may be decided before its 10th anniversary on November 23.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verdict">Verdict</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Verdict"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On December 19, 2019, Quezon City Regional Trial Court (RTC) Branch 221 <a href="/wiki/Jocelyn_Solis-Reyes" title="Jocelyn Solis-Reyes">Judge Jocelyn Solis Reyes</a> served her judgment on the case at a special court session held at Camp Bagong Diwa in <a href="/wiki/Taguig" title="Taguig">Taguig</a>. In her verdict, the Ampatuan brothers—namely Datu Andal Ampatuan Jr. and Zaldy Ampatuan—were convicted of 57 counts of <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">murder</a> and sentenced to <a href="/wiki/Reclusion_perpetua" class="mw-redirect" title="Reclusion perpetua">reclusion perpetua</a> without <a href="/wiki/Parole" title="Parole">parole</a>. 28 co-accused (including police officers) were also convicted of 57 counts of murder and sentenced to 40 years; an additional 15 were sentenced to 6–10 years for being accessories to the crime. 55 others, including Datu Sajid Islam Ampatuan, brother of Zaldy and Andal Jr. and the mayor of <a href="/wiki/Shariff_Saydona_Mustapha,_Maguindanao" class="mw-redirect" title="Shariff Saydona Mustapha, Maguindanao">Shariff Saydona Mustapha, Maguindanao</a>, were acquitted.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-zalds2_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zalds2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Victims">Victims</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Victims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Intramurosjf9916_41.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Intramurosjf9916_41.JPG/220px-Intramurosjf9916_41.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Intramurosjf9916_41.JPG/330px-Intramurosjf9916_41.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Intramurosjf9916_41.JPG/440px-Intramurosjf9916_41.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>Monument, National Press Club of the Philippines</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mangudadatu_family_and_associates">Mangudadatu family and associates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Mangudadatu family and associates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Genalyn Tiamson-Mangudadatu </td> <td>Wife of Esmael Mangudadatu. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eden Mangudadatu </td> <td>Municipal Vice Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Mangudadatu,_Maguindanao" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangudadatu, Maguindanao">Mangudadatu, Maguindanao</a>, sister of Esmael Mangudadatu. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rowena Mangudadatu </td> <td>Cousin of Esmael Mangudadatu. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Manguba Mangudadatu </td> <td>Aunt of Esmael Mangudadatu.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer237983_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer237983-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Faridah Sabdulah </td> <td>Lawyer<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer20091123_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer20091123-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Farida Mangudadatu </td> <td>Sister of Esmael Mangudadatu.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer237983_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer237983-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Farina Mangudadatu </td> <td>Sister of Esmael Mangudadatu. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Concepcion "Connie" Brizuela, 56 </td> <td>Lawyer.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cynthia Oquendo, 36 </td> <td>Lawyer. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Catalino Oquendo </td> <td>Cynthia Oquendo's father. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rasul Daud </td> <td>Driver of Sultan Kudarat Rep. Pax Mangudadatu.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer237983_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer237983-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journalists">Journalists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Journalists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thirty-four <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalists</a> are known to have been abducted and killed in the massacre, according to the <i><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Daily_Inquirer" title="Philippine Daily Inquirer">Philippine Daily Inquirer</a></i> as of November 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, only 25 had been positively identified.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Alejandro "Bong" Reblando,<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 53 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a></i> correspondent,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a former <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Henry Araneta </td> <td><a href="/wiki/DZRH" title="DZRH">DZRH</a> correspondent based in <a href="/wiki/General_Santos" title="General Santos">General Santos</a><sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Napoleon "Nap" Salaysay<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=DZRO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DZRO (page does not exist)">DZRO</a> manager. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bartolome "Bart" Maravilla </td> <td><i>Bombo Radyo</i> <a href="/wiki/Koronadal" title="Koronadal">Koronadal</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Cotabato" title="South Cotabato">South Cotabato</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jhoy Duhay </td> <td><i>Goldstar Daily</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Andy Teodoro </td> <td><i>Central Mindanao Inquirer</i> reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ian Subang </td> <td><i>Mindanao Focus</i>, a <a href="/wiki/General_Santos" title="General Santos">General Santos</a>-based weekly community newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Leah Dalmacio </td> <td><i>Mindanao Focus</i> reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gina Dela Cruz </td> <td><i>Mindanao Focus</i> reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Maritess Cablitas </td> <td><i>Mindanao Focus</i> reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Neneng Montano </td> <td><i>Saksi</i> weekly newspaper reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Victor Nuñez </td> <td><a href="/wiki/DWAO-TV" title="DWAO-TV">UNTV</a> reporter.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ronnie I. Diola </td> <td>UNTV cameraman. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jolito Evardo </td> <td>UNTV editor </td></tr> <tr> <td>Daniel Tiamson </td> <td>UNTV driver </td></tr> <tr> <td>Reynaldo Momay </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Koronadal" title="Koronadal">Koronadal</a>-based journalist.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rey Merisco </td> <td>Koronadal-based journalist.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ronnie Perante </td> <td>Koronadal-based journalist.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jun Legarta </td> <td>Koronadal-based journalist.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Val Cachuela </td> <td>Koronadal-based journalist.<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Santos "Jun" Gatchalian </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Davao_City" title="Davao City">Davao City</a>-based journalist. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Joel Parcon<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Freelance_journalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Freelance journalist">Freelance journalist</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Noel Decena<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Freelance journalist. </td></tr> <tr> <td>John Caniba<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Freelance journalist. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Art Betia<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Freelance journalist. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ranie Razon<sup id="cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Freelance journalist. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Archie Ace David </td> <td>Freelance journalist. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fernanado "Ferdz" Mendoza </td> <td>Freelance driver. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_civilian_casualties">Other civilian casualties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other civilian casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Red Toyota Vios</dt></dl> <p>Number of casualties: 5. They were supposedly mistaken as part of the convoy.<sup id="cite_ref-GMANews.tv_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GMANews.tv-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Eduardo Lechonsito </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tacurong" title="Tacurong">Tacurong</a> government employee. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cecille Lechonsito </td> <td>Wife of Eduardo Lechonsito. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mercy Palabrica </td> <td>Co-worker of Eduardo Lechonsito. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Daryll delos Reyes </td> <td>Co-worker of Eduardo Lechonsito. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wilhelm Palabrica<sup id="cite_ref-GMANews.tv_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GMANews.tv-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Driver. </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Blue Toyota FX</dt></dl> <p>Number of casualties: 1. Mistaken as part of the convoy.<sup id="cite_ref-maptimeline_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maptimeline-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Anthony Ridao </td> <td>National Statistics Coordination Board employee and son of Cotabato City councilor Marino Ridao. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_Rights_Watch_report">Human Rights Watch report</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Human Rights Watch report"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On November 16, 2010, the international <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental_organization" title="Non-governmental organization">non-governmental organization</a> <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> issued a 96-page report titled "They Own the People", charting the Ampatuans’ rise to power, including their use of violence to expand their control and eliminate threats to the family's rule.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The report links the Ampatuans to at least 56 other killings over the last 20 years, apart from the November 23, 2009, massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UPDilimanjf3492_11.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/UPDilimanjf3492_11.JPG/225px-UPDilimanjf3492_11.JPG" decoding="async" width="225" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/UPDilimanjf3492_11.JPG/338px-UPDilimanjf3492_11.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/UPDilimanjf3492_11.JPG/450px-UPDilimanjf3492_11.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/283235/news/nation/symbolic-impuni-tree-planted-for-3rd-anniversary-of-maguindanao-massacre">Symbolic 'Impuni-tree' planted for 3rd anniversary of Maguindanao massacre</a> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Philippines_College_of_Mass_Communication" class="mw-redirect" title="University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication">University of the Philippines College of Mass Communication</a>, <a href="/wiki/UP_Diliman" class="mw-redirect" title="UP Diliman">UP Diliman</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/History_(South_East_Asian_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (South East Asian TV channel)">History Asia</a> premiered a documentary on the Maguindanao massacre entitled <i>The Maguindanao Massacre</i> on September 26, 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Filipino-American rap artist <a href="/wiki/Bambu_(rapper)" title="Bambu (rapper)">Bambu</a>'s 2012 album, <i>...one rifle per family.</i>, features a song titled <i>Massacre</i> detailing the massacre from the point of view of a journalist who witnessed the rape, mutilation, and murder of his family.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2014, in memory of the five-year anniversary of the massacre, Sacramento-based author Victoria Conlu released a novel titled <i>Portraits of a Massacre</i>, a fictionalized retelling set in a province similar to Maguindanao. Reviews have called the book "a stirringly severe literary intervention".<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2017 painting <i>The Modern Holocaust (The Maguindanao Massacre)</i> by the Filipino artist <a href="/wiki/Romulo_Galicano" title="Romulo Galicano">Romulo Galicano</a> commemorates the massacre victims. It became a finalist in the 2017–2018 <a href="/wiki/Art_Renewal_Center" title="Art Renewal Center">Art Renewal Center Salon</a> competition.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2021 crime thriller <i><b><a href="/wiki/On_the_Job:_The_Missing_8" title="On the Job: The Missing 8">On the Job: The Missing 8</a></b></i> (also known as <i><b>On the Job 2</b></i>) is partly inspired by the case. In the film, 8 people, mostly journalists, were ambushed, killed and was believed to be buried under the orders of their town's mayor, by an inmate who is routinely released from prison to carry out assassinations. The director Erik Matti said to <a href="/wiki/New_Musical_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="New Musical Express">New Musical Express</a> (NME) that the film's themes were about tackling corruption in the Philippine media and would deliver a social commentary on the current state of the Philippine government.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An upcoming adult animated documentary film <i><a href="/wiki/58th" title="58th">58th</a></i> would similarly portrayed the massacre and the missing of the last victim that never found, directed by Carl Joseph Papa.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sexual_assaults">Sexual assaults</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sexual assaults"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lara Tan reporting for <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a> on December 20, 2019, reported that three of the massacre's female victims, Rahima Palawan, Leah Dalmacio, and Cecil Lechonsito, were all devout and peaceful adherents of the Muslim faith, believing that women should not be raped or murdered while exercising the right to free speech.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Quezon City Regional Trial Court found that the three women had been sexually assaulted and mutilated. In her 761-page decision, Judge Jocelyn Solis-Reyes cited the findings of Dr. Dean Cabrera, a medico-legal officer from the Philippines National Police Crime Laboratory who conducted <a href="/wiki/Forensic_science" title="Forensic science">forensic science</a> examinations on the women victims.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killings_and_forced_disappearances_in_the_Philippines" title="Extrajudicial killings and forced disappearances in the Philippines">Extrajudicial killings and forced disappearances in the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_to_End_Impunity" class="mw-redirect" title="International Day to End Impunity">International Day to End Impunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_journalists_killed_under_the_Arroyo_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="List of journalists killed under the Arroyo administration">List of journalists killed under the Arroyo administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_in_the_Philippines" title="List of massacres in the Philippines">List of massacres in the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Mamasapano_clash" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 Mamasapano clash">2015 Mamasapano clash</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The body of Reynaldo Momay, the 58th victim, was never found.<sup id="cite_ref-zalds4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zalds4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-zalds4-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zalds4_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/719617/ampatuans-convicted-over-2009-maguindanao-massacre/story/">"Andal Jr, several other Ampatuans convicted over Maguindanao massacre"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191219072501/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/719617/ampatuans-convicted-over-2009-maguindanao-massacre/story/">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Andal+Jr%2C+several+other+Ampatuans+convicted+over+Maguindanao+massacre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F719617%2Fampatuans-convicted-over-2009-maguindanao-massacre%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJimenez-Gutierrez2010" class="citation news cs1">Jimenez-Gutierrez, Jason (November 23, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150627122428/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20101123-304817/Philippines-mourns-massacre-victims">"Philippines mourns massacre victims"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20101123-304817/Philippines-mourns-massacre-victims">the original</a> on June 27, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Philippines+mourns+massacre+victims&rft.date=2010-11-23&rft.aulast=Jimenez-Gutierrez&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20101123-304817%2FPhilippines-mourns-massacre-victims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zalds-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zalds_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zalds_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/12/19/19/ampatuan-clan-members-several-others-found-guilty-in-maguindanao-massacre">"Ampatuan brothers, several others found guilty in Maguindano massacre"</a>. <i>ABS-CBN News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191219045506/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/12/19/19/ampatuan-clan-members-several-others-found-guilty-in-maguindanao-massacre">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=Ampatuan+brothers%2C+several+others+found+guilty+in+Maguindano+massacre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F12%2F19%2F19%2Fampatuan-clan-members-several-others-found-guilty-in-maguindanao-massacre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zalds2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zalds2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zalds2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zalds2_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/12/19/1978271/maguindanao-massacre-verdict-zaldy-ampatuan-andal-jr-found-guilty-murder">"Maguindanao massacre verdict: Zaldy Ampatuan, Andal Jr. found guilty of murder"</a>. <i>The Philippine Star</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191219060436/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/12/19/1978271/maguindanao-massacre-verdict-zaldy-ampatuan-andal-jr-found-guilty-murder">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Maguindanao+massacre+verdict%3A+Zaldy+Ampatuan%2C+Andal+Jr.+found+guilty+of+murder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2019%2F12%2F19%2F1978271%2Fmaguindanao-massacre-verdict-zaldy-ampatuan-andal-jr-found-guilty-murder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-maptimeline-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-maptimeline_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-maptimeline_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnalyn_Perez2009" class="citation news cs1">Analyn Perez (November 25, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/177821/news/specialreports/the-ampatuan-massacre-a-map-and-timeline">"The Ampatuan Massacre: a map and timeline"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215235458/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/177821/news/specialreports/the-ampatuan-massacre-a-map-and-timeline">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=The+Ampatuan+Massacre%3A+a+map+and+timeline&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft.au=Analyn+Perez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F177821%2Fnews%2Fspecialreports%2Fthe-ampatuan-massacre-a-map-and-timeline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1943191,00.html">"Behind the Philippines' Maguindanao Massacre"</a>. <i>Time</i>. November 27, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170327065554/http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1943191,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Behind+the+Philippines%27+Maguindanao+Massacre&rft.date=2009-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fworld%2Farticle%2F0%2C8599%2C1943191%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJimenez-David2009" class="citation news cs1">Jimenez-David, Rina (November 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091127193253/http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20091124-238128/Understanding-the-unbelievable">"Understanding the unbelievable"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20091124-238128/Understanding-the-unbelievable">the original</a> on November 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+unbelievable&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft.aulast=Jimenez-David&rft.aufirst=Rina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopinion.inquirer.net%2Finquireropinion%2Fcolumns%2Fview%2F20091124-238128%2FUnderstanding-the-unbelievable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pdi-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pdi_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pdi_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPapa2009" class="citation news cs1">Papa, Alcuin (November 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091129120848/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091126-238554/Maguindanao-massacre-worst-ever-for-journalists">"Maguindanao massacre worst-ever for journalists"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091126-238554/Maguindanao-massacre-worst-ever-for-journalists">the original</a> on November 29, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Maguindanao+massacre+worst-ever+for+journalists&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft.aulast=Papa&rft.aufirst=Alcuin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091126-238554%2FMaguindanao-massacre-worst-ever-for-journalists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inquirer238100-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer238100_10-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZonio2009" class="citation news cs1">Zonio, Aquilies (November 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091126211637/http://technology.inquirer.net/infotech/infotech/view/20091124-238100/Inquirer-man-recounts-harrowing-tales-of-survival">"Inquirer man recounts harrowing tales of survival"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://technology.inquirer.net/infotech/infotech/view/20091124-238100/Inquirer-man-recounts-harrowing-tales-of-survival">the original</a> on November 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Inquirer+man+recounts+harrowing+tales+of+survival&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft.aulast=Zonio&rft.aufirst=Aquilies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftechnology.inquirer.net%2Finfotech%2Finfotech%2Fview%2F20091124-238100%2FInquirer-man-recounts-harrowing-tales-of-survival&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cpj.org/asia/philippines/">"Philippines Archives"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220601125311/https://cpj.org/asia/philippines/">Archived</a> from the original on June 1, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Philippines+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcpj.org%2Fasia%2Fphilippines%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiguel" class="citation web cs1">Miguel, Jonathan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/34016513">"MAGUINDANAO MASSACRE"</a> – via www.academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MAGUINDANAO+MASSACRE&rft.aulast=Miguel&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F34016513&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091201072936/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20070314-54689/Maguindanao_governor_modern-day_Godfather">"Maguindanao governor modern-day Godfather"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. March 14, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20070314-54689/Maguindanao_governor_modern-day_Godfather">the original</a> on December 1, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Maguindanao+governor+modern-day+Godfather&rft.date=2007-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Finquirerheadlines%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20070314-54689%2FMaguindanao_governor_modern-day_Godfather&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091126034912/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091124-237982/21-killed-in-Maguindanao">"21 killed in Maguindanao"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. November 24, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091124-237982/21-killed-in-Maguindanao">the original</a> on November 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=21+killed+in+Maguindanao&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Finquirerheadlines%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091124-237982%2F21-killed-in-Maguindanao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091126211857/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091125-238193/Malacaang-distances-itself-from-mass-murder">"Malacañang distances itself from mass murder"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. November 25, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091125-238193/Malacaang-distances-itself-from-mass-murder">the original</a> on November 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Malaca%C3%B1ang+distances+itself+from+mass+murder&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Finquirerheadlines%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091125-238193%2FMalacaang-distances-itself-from-mass-murder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mindanews.com/mindaviews/2013/07/comment-money-may-lure-to-death/">"COMMENT: Money May Lure to Death"</a>. July 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=COMMENT%3A+Money+May+Lure+to+Death&rft.date=2013-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmindanews.com%2Fmindaviews%2F2013%2F07%2Fcomment-money-may-lure-to-death%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiaz2013" class="citation web cs1">Diaz, Patricio P. (July 4, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mindanews.com/mindaviews/2013/07/comment-money-may-lure-to-death/">"COMMENT: Money May Lure to Death"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220603072739/https://www.mindanews.com/mindaviews/2013/07/comment-money-may-lure-to-death/">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=COMMENT%3A+Money+May+Lure+to+Death&rft.date=2013-07-04&rft.aulast=Diaz&rft.aufirst=Patricio+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindanews.com%2Fmindaviews%2F2013%2F07%2Fcomment-money-may-lure-to-death%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_18-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFINQUIRER.netcbibe2014" class="citation web cs1">INQUIRER.net; cbibe (November 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inquirer.net/143183/maguindanao-massacre-how-it-happened/">"Maguindanao Massacre - How it Happened"</a>. <i>Inquirer.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inquirer.net&rft.atitle=Maguindanao+Massacre+-+How+it+Happened&rft.date=2014-11-21&rft.au=INQUIRER.net&rft.au=cbibe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inquirer.net%2F143183%2Fmaguindanao-massacre-how-it-happened%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mb.com.ph/2019/11/22/mangudadatu-recalls-maguindanao-massacre/">"Mangudadatu recalls Maguindanao massacre"</a>. <i>Manila Bulletin</i>. November 22, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129110706/https://mb.com.ph/2019/11/22/mangudadatu-recalls-maguindanao-massacre/">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Mangudadatu+recalls+Maguindanao+massacre&rft.date=2019-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmb.com.ph%2F2019%2F11%2F22%2Fmangudadatu-recalls-maguindanao-massacre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091127103211/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091126-238432/Massacre-planned-says-Buluan-vice-mayor">"Massacre planned, says Buluan vice mayor"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. November 26, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091126-238432/Massacre-planned-says-Buluan-vice-mayor">the original</a> on November 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Massacre+planned%2C+says+Buluan+vice+mayor&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Finquirerheadlines%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091126-238432%2FMassacre-planned-says-Buluan-vice-mayor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolmerin2009" class="citation news cs1">Solmerin, Florante S. (December 4, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/insideNews.htm?f=/2009/december/4/news1.isx&d=/2009/december/4">"Lab results: 5 women showed signs of rape"</a>. <i>Manila Standard Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606112042/http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/insideNews.htm?f=/2009/december/4/news1.isx&d=/2009/december/4">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Standard+Today&rft.atitle=Lab+results%3A+5+women+showed+signs+of+rape&rft.date=2009-12-04&rft.aulast=Solmerin&rft.aufirst=Florante+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manilastandardtoday.com%2FinsideNews.htm%3Ff%3D%2F2009%2Fdecember%2F4%2Fnews1.isx%26d%3D%2F2009%2Fdecember%2F4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091130021711/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091127-238713/Massacre-women-victims-shot-in-genitalsDoJ-chief">"Massacre women victims shot in genitals – DoJ chief"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. November 27, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091127-238713/Massacre-women-victims-shot-in-genitalsDoJ-chief">the original</a> on November 30, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Massacre+women+victims+shot+in+genitals+%E2%80%93+DoJ+chief&rft.date=2009-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091127-238713%2FMassacre-women-victims-shot-in-genitalsDoJ-chief&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson2009" class="citation news cs1">Henderson, Barney (November 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/philippines/6664185/Philippine-massacre-suspect-surrenders.html">"Philippine massacre suspect surrenders"</a>. <i>Telegraph</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091129081206/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/philippines/6664185/Philippine-massacre-suspect-surrenders.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Telegraph&rft.atitle=Philippine+massacre+suspect+surrenders&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft.aulast=Henderson&rft.aufirst=Barney&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fasia%2Fphilippines%2F6664185%2FPhilippine-massacre-suspect-surrenders.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pd12009-11-26-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pd12009-11-26_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091128102558/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091126-238433/We-cant-call-them-animals-they-are-monsters">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We can't call them animals, they are monsters'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Inquirer Politics</i>. November 26, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091126-238433/We-cant-call-them-animals-they-are-monsters">the original</a> on November 28, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inquirer+Politics&rft.atitle=%27We+can%27t+call+them+animals%2C+they+are+monsters%27&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Finquirerheadlines%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091126-238433%2FWe-cant-call-them-animals-they-are-monsters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/news/world/philippines/official-confirms-mayor-is-the-suspect-in-political-massacre-1.533131">"Official confirms mayor is the suspect in political massacre"</a>. gulfnews. November 28, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091201024539/http://gulfnews.com/news/world/philippines/official-confirms-mayor-is-the-suspect-in-political-massacre-1.533131">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+confirms+mayor+is+the+suspect+in+political+massacre&rft.pub=gulfnews&rft.date=2009-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fphilippines%2Fofficial-confirms-mayor-is-the-suspect-in-political-massacre-1.533131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamos2009" class="citation news cs1">Ramos, Marlon (November 25, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091127203912/http://technology.inquirer.net/infotech/infotech/view/20091125-238339/Backhoe-operator-sought-in-Maguindanao-massacre">"Backhoe operator sought in Maguindanao massacre"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://technology.inquirer.net/infotech/infotech/view/20091125-238339/Backhoe-operator-sought-in-Maguindanao-massacre">the original</a> on November 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Backhoe+operator+sought+in+Maguindanao+massacre&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft.aulast=Ramos&rft.aufirst=Marlon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftechnology.inquirer.net%2Finfotech%2Finfotech%2Fview%2F20091125-238339%2FBackhoe-operator-sought-in-Maguindanao-massacre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zalds3-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zalds3_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwhpsY-UI_Q">"Maguindano Massacre: By the numbers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a> on YouTube. December 18, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211220/hwhpsY-UI_Q">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maguindano+Massacre%3A+By+the+numbers&rft.pub=CNN+Philippines+on+YouTube&rft.date=2019-12-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DhwhpsY-UI_Q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200123193817/https://www.webcitation.org/5loXm8Odw?url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ha6FJ6JRsaJkvGnvppty2USWW8UAD9C6GDE00">"5 more bodies uncovered in Philippine massacre"</a>. Associated Press. November 25, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ha6FJ6JRsaJkvGnvppty2USWW8UAD9C6GDE00">the original</a> on January 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=5+more+bodies+uncovered+in+Philippine+massacre&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fap%2Farticle%2FALeqM5ha6FJ6JRsaJkvGnvppty2USWW8UAD9C6GDE00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52_abs-cbn-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-52_abs-cbn_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-52_abs-cbn_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/regions/11/25/09/maguindanao-massacre-toll-47">"(UPDATE 2) Maguindanao massacre death toll reaches 52"</a>. <i>ABS-CBN News</i>. November 25, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091128080132/http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/regions/11/25/09/maguindanao-massacre-toll-47">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=%28UPDATE+2%29+Maguindanao+massacre+death+toll+reaches+52&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs-cbnnews.com%2Fnation%2Fregions%2F11%2F25%2F09%2Fmaguindanao-massacre-toll-47&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46_AFP-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-46_AFP_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-46_AFP_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAie_Balagtas_See2009" class="citation news cs1">Aie Balagtas See (November 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanews.tv/story/177728/maguindanao-killing-field-death-toll-rises-to-46-afp">"Maguindanao killing field death toll rises to 46 – AFP"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. GMA Network. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091125195057/http://www.gmanews.tv/story/177728/maguindanao-killing-field-death-toll-rises-to-46-afp">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Maguindanao+killing+field+death+toll+rises+to+46+%E2%80%93+AFP&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft.au=Aie+Balagtas+See&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanews.tv%2Fstory%2F177728%2Fmaguindanao-killing-field-death-toll-rises-to-46-afp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,RSF,,PHL,4b138d0419,0.html">"Twelve journalists killed on Mindanao island in "dark day for press freedom"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Press Freedom Index</i>. Reporters without Borders. November 23, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110922063153/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/publisher,RSF,,PHL,4b138d0419,0.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 22, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Press+Freedom+Index&rft.atitle=Twelve+journalists+killed+on+Mindanao+island+in+%22dark+day+for+press+freedom%22&rft.date=2009-11-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Frefworld%2Fpublisher%2CRSF%2C%2CPHL%2C4b138d0419%2C0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Philstar-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Philstar_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philstar_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorcalla2009" class="citation news cs1">Porcalla, Delon (November 25, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=526603&publicationSubCategoryId=63">"Authorities urged to identify perpetrators of Maguindanao massacre"</a>. <i>The Philippine Star</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Authorities+urged+to+identify+perpetrators+of+Maguindanao+massacre&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft.aulast=Porcalla&rft.aufirst=Delon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2FArticle.aspx%3FarticleId%3D526603%26publicationSubCategoryId%3D63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/business/11/24/09/doj-creates-panel-maguindanao-massacre">"DOJ creates panel on Maguindanao massacre"</a>. <i>ABS-CBN News</i>. November 24, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091128081148/http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/business/11/24/09/doj-creates-panel-maguindanao-massacre">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=DOJ+creates+panel+on+Maguindanao+massacre&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abs-cbnnews.com%2Fbusiness%2F11%2F24%2F09%2Fdoj-creates-panel-maguindanao-massacre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/231050/2010-presidential-bets-condemn-massacre">"2010 presidential bets condemn massacre"</a>. <i>Manila Bulletin</i>. November 24, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091128145656/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/231050/2010-presidential-bets-condemn-massacre">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=2010+presidential+bets+condemn+massacre&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2Farticles%2F231050%2F2010-presidential-bets-condemn-massacre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pdi1-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pdi1_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZonio2009" class="citation news cs1">Zonio, Aquilies (November 25, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091127012352/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091125-238331/3-Ampatuans-expelled-from-admin-party">"3 Ampatuans expelled from admin party"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091125-238331/3-Ampatuans-expelled-from-admin-party">the original</a> on November 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=3+Ampatuans+expelled+from+admin+party&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft.aulast=Zonio&rft.aufirst=Aquilies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091125-238331%2F3-Ampatuans-expelled-from-admin-party&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKwok2009" class="citation news cs1">Kwok, Abigail (November 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091129130248/http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/opinion/view/20091126-238472/Suspects-in-Maguindanao-slays-arrestedPNP-chief">"Ampatuan surrenders, to be flown to Manila"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/opinion/view/20091126-238472/Suspects-in-Maguindanao-slays-arrestedPNP-chief">the original</a> on November 29, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Ampatuan+surrenders%2C+to+be+flown+to+Manila&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft.aulast=Kwok&rft.aufirst=Abigail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobalnation.inquirer.net%2Fcebudailynews%2Fopinion%2Fview%2F20091126-238472%2FSuspects-in-Maguindanao-slays-arrestedPNP-chief&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordadora2009" class="citation news cs1">Bordadora, Norman (November 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091128185800/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/topstories/topstories/view/20091127-238749/Prosecutors-OK-murder-charges-vs-Ampatuan">"Prosecutors OK murder charges vs Ampatuan"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/topstories/topstories/view/20091127-238749/Prosecutors-OK-murder-charges-vs-Ampatuan">the original</a> on November 28, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Prosecutors+OK+murder+charges+vs+Ampatuan&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft.aulast=Bordadora&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Ftopstories%2Ftopstories%2Fview%2F20091127-238749%2FProsecutors-OK-murder-charges-vs-Ampatuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTran2009" class="citation news cs1">Tran, Mark (November 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/nov/26/philippines-massacre-politician-charged">"Philippines massacre: police charge local politician with murder"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130908080738/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/nov/26/philippines-massacre-politician-charged">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Philippines+massacre%3A+police+charge+local+politician+with+murder&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2009%2Fnov%2F26%2Fphilippines-massacre-politician-charged&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091128113038/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091127-238748/Ampatuan-Jr-claim-vs-MILF-may-be-used-in-probe-says-military-exec">"Ampatuan Jr. claim vs MILF may be used in probe, says military exec"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. November 27, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091127-238748/Ampatuan-Jr-claim-vs-MILF-may-be-used-in-probe-says-military-exec">the original</a> on November 28, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Ampatuan+Jr.+claim+vs+MILF+may+be+used+in+probe%2C+says+military+exec&rft.date=2009-11-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091127-238748%2FAmpatuan-Jr-claim-vs-MILF-may-be-used-in-probe-says-military-exec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeñase2009" class="citation news cs1">Señase, Charlie (November 27, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091128113018/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091127-238701/Absurd-says-MILF-on-Ampatuan-claim">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Absurd,' says MILF on Ampatuan claim"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091127-238701/Absurd-says-MILF-on-Ampatuan-claim">the original</a> on November 28, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=%27Absurd%2C%27+says+MILF+on+Ampatuan+claim&rft.date=2009-11-27&rft.aulast=Se%C3%B1ase&rft.aufirst=Charlie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091127-238701%2FAbsurd-says-MILF-on-Ampatuan-claim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091207090214/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091205-240233/Martial-law-declared-in-Maguindanao">"Martial law declared in Maguindanao"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091205-240233/Martial-law-declared-in-Maguindanao">the original</a> on December 7, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Martial+law+declared+in+Maguindanao&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091205-240233%2FMartial-law-declared-in-Maguindanao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanews.tv/story/178575/arroyo-declares-martial-law-in-maguindanao">"Arroyo declares martial law in Maguindanao province"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. December 5, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091208101455/http://www.gmanews.tv/story/178575/arroyo-declares-martial-law-in-maguindanao">Archived</a> from the original on December 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Arroyo+declares+martial+law+in+Maguindanao+province&rft.date=2009-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanews.tv%2Fstory%2F178575%2Farroyo-declares-martial-law-in-maguindanao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanews.tv/story/178582/full-text-arroyos-declaration-of-martial-law-in-maguindanao">"Full text: Arroyo's declaration of martial law in Maguindanao"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. December 5, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091207185514/http://www.gmanews.tv/story/178582/full-text-arroyos-declaration-of-martial-law-in-maguindanao">Archived</a> from the original on December 7, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Full+text%3A+Arroyo%27s+declaration+of+martial+law+in+Maguindanao&rft.date=2009-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanews.tv%2Fstory%2F178582%2Ffull-text-arroyos-declaration-of-martial-law-in-maguindanao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091208094929/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/regions/view/20091205-240299/20-militiamen-arrested-in-Maguindanao-raid--police">"20 militiamen arrested in Maguindanao raid – police"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. December 5, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/regions/view/20091205-240299/20-militiamen-arrested-in-Maguindanao-raid--police">the original</a> on December 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=20+militiamen+arrested+in+Maguindanao+raid+%E2%80%93+police&rft.date=2009-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fregions%2Fview%2F20091205-240299%2F20-militiamen-arrested-in-Maguindanao-raid--police&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091208095056/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/regions/view/20091205-240282/330000-rounds-of-ammo-recovered-in-Maguindanao-raid">"330,000 rounds of ammo recovered in Maguindanao raid"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. December 5, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/regions/view/20091205-240282/330000-rounds-of-ammo-recovered-in-Maguindanao-raid">the original</a> on December 8, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=330%2C000+rounds+of+ammo+recovered+in+Maguindanao+raid&rft.date=2009-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fregions%2Fview%2F20091205-240282%2F330000-rounds-of-ammo-recovered-in-Maguindanao-raid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/manila-times/20100516/282097747927642">"Araneta concert raises funds for families of Maguindanao massacre victims"</a>. <i>The Manila Times</i>. May 16, 2010 – via <a href="/wiki/PressReader" title="PressReader">PressReader</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Manila+Times&rft.atitle=Araneta+concert+raises+funds+for+families+of+Maguindanao+massacre+victims&rft.date=2010-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pressreader.com%2Fphilippines%2Fmanila-times%2F20100516%2F282097747927642&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorella2009" class="citation web cs1">Morella, Cecil (December 4, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/world/soldiers-storm-philippine-massacre-suspects-homes-20091204-kasc.html">"Soldiers storm Philippine massacre suspects' homes"</a>. <i>The Sydney Morning Herald</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220603075138/https://www.smh.com.au/world/soldiers-storm-philippine-massacre-suspects-homes-20091204-kasc.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Soldiers+storm+Philippine+massacre+suspects%27+homes&rft.date=2009-12-04&rft.aulast=Morella&rft.aufirst=Cecil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fworld%2Fsoldiers-storm-philippine-massacre-suspects-homes-20091204-kasc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2010" class="citation journal cs1">Evans, Jessica (November 16, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/report/2010/11/16/they-own-people/ampatuans-state-backed-militias-and-killings-southern-philippines">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"They Own the People": The Ampatuans, State-Backed Militias, and Killings in the Southern Philippines"</a>. <i>Human Rights Watch</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220515005909/https://www.hrw.org/report/2010/11/16/they-own-people/ampatuans-state-backed-militias-and-killings-southern-philippines">Archived</a> from the original on May 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.atitle=%22They+Own+the+People%22%3A+The+Ampatuans%2C+State-Backed+Militias%2C+and+Killings+in+the+Southern+Philippines&rft.date=2010-11-16&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Freport%2F2010%2F11%2F16%2Fthey-own-people%2Fampatuans-state-backed-militias-and-killings-southern-philippines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoque2009" class="citation web cs1">Roque, Pat (December 4, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220809201253/https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/1124701">"Philippine troops raid homes of massacre suspects"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/1124701">the original</a> on August 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Philippine+troops+raid+homes+of+massacre+suspects&rft.date=2009-12-04&rft.aulast=Roque&rft.aufirst=Pat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taiwannews.com.tw%2Fen%2Fnews%2F1124701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJim_Gomez2010" class="citation news cs1">Jim Gomez (April 18, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=10405390">"Philippines drops charges vs 2 massacre suspects"</a>. ABC News. Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110221114535/http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=10405390">Archived</a> from the original on February 21, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Philippines+drops+charges+vs+2+massacre+suspects&rft.date=2010-04-18&rft.au=Jim+Gomez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2FwireStory%3Fid%3D10405390&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-massacre-idUSKBN1YN0CD">"Philippine massacre masterminds jailed for life over 57 murders"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. December 19, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220603094042/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-philippines-massacre-idUSKBN1YN0CD">Archived</a> from the original on June 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span> – via www.reuters.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Philippine+massacre+masterminds+jailed+for+life+over+57+murders&rft.date=2019-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-philippines-massacre-idUSKBN1YN0CD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gil C. Cabacungan Jr., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20100906-290729/Joker-200-yrs-for-Ampatuan-trial">Joker: 200 yrs for Ampatuan trial</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100908074553/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20100906-290729/Joker-200-yrs-for-Ampatuan-trial">Archived</a> September 8, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Philippine Daily Inquirer, September 6, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeal_H._Cruz2011" class="citation news cs1">Neal H. Cruz (July 28, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opinion.inquirer.net/8815/how-long-will-maguindanao-massacre-trial-last">"How long will Maguindanao massacre trial last?"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111220054338/http://opinion.inquirer.net/8815/how-long-will-maguindanao-massacre-trial-last">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=How+long+will+Maguindanao+massacre+trial+last%3F&rft.date=2011-07-28&rft.au=Neal+H.+Cruz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopinion.inquirer.net%2F8815%2Fhow-long-will-maguindanao-massacre-trial-last&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmfr-phil.org/ampatuanwatch/2010/12/ampatuan-massacre-commemoration-on-pjr-reports-november-december-issue/">Ampatuan Massacre commemoration on PJR Reports’ November-December issue</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110201050911/http://www.cmfr-phil.org/ampatuanwatch/2010/12/ampatuan-massacre-commemoration-on-pjr-reports-november-december-issue/">Archived</a> February 1, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, December 20, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/insideNation.htm?f=2011/june/2/nation1.isx&d=2011/june/2">Ampatuan Sr. pleads not guilty to massacre raps</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110603063430/http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/insideNation.htm?f=2011/june/2/nation1.isx&d=2011/june/2">Archived</a> June 3, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, June 2, 2011, The Manila Standard.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllson_A._Quismorio2011" class="citation news cs1">Ellson A. Quismorio (November 23, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/342342/justice-maguindanao-victims-remains-elusive">"Justice for Maguindanao victims remains elusive"</a>. <i>Manila Bulletin</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111125223730/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/342342/justice-maguindanao-victims-remains-elusive">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Justice+for+Maguindanao+victims+remains+elusive&rft.date=2011-11-23&rft.au=Ellson+A.+Quismorio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2Farticles%2F342342%2Fjustice-maguindanao-victims-remains-elusive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmfr-phil.org/ampatuanwatch/2012/07/appellate-court-affirms-indictment-of-another-ampatuan/">"Appellate court affirms indictment of another Ampatuan"</a>. <i>Ampatuan Watch</i>. Center for Media Freedom Responsibility. July 12, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130127083748/http://www.cmfr-phil.org/ampatuanwatch/2012/07/appellate-court-affirms-indictment-of-another-ampatuan/">Archived</a> from the original on January 27, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ampatuan+Watch&rft.atitle=Appellate+court+affirms+indictment+of+another+Ampatuan&rft.date=2012-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmfr-phil.org%2Fampatuanwatch%2F2012%2F07%2Fappellate-court-affirms-indictment-of-another-ampatuan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/227395/appellate-court-junks-plea-to-dismiss-murder-raps-vs-anwar-ampatuan">"Appellate court junks plea to dismiss murder raps vs Anwar Ampatuan"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. July 11, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121026002845/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/227395/appellate-court-junks-plea-to-dismiss-murder-raps-vs-anwar-ampatuan">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Appellate+court+junks+plea+to+dismiss+murder+raps+vs+Anwar+Ampatuan&rft.date=2012-07-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F227395%2Fappellate-court-junks-plea-to-dismiss-murder-raps-vs-anwar-ampatuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/264602/qc-court-defers-arraignment-of-ampatuan-grandson">"QC court defers arraignment of Ampatuan grandson"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. September 5, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120907085502/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/264602/qc-court-defers-arraignment-of-ampatuan-grandson">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=QC+court+defers+arraignment+of+Ampatuan+grandson&rft.date=2012-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F264602%2Fqc-court-defers-arraignment-of-ampatuan-grandson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/381008/sc-no-live-coverage#.UKA-f-RJ4Zk">"SC: No Live Coverage"</a>. <i>Manila Bulletin</i>. November 11, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121115001003/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/381008/sc-no-live-coverage#.UKA-f-RJ4Zk">Archived</a> from the original on November 15, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=SC%3A+No+Live+Coverage&rft.date=2012-11-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mb.com.ph%2Farticles%2F381008%2Fsc-no-live-coverage%23.UKA-f-RJ4Zk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28rested-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28rested_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rappler.com/nation/52124-prosecution-rests-case-ampatuan-massacre-trial">"Prosecution rests case vs Andal Ampatuan Jr, 27 others"</a>. <i>Rappler</i>. March 4, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160521214946/http://www.rappler.com/nation/52124-prosecution-rests-case-ampatuan-massacre-trial">Archived</a> from the original on May 21, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Prosecution+rests+case+vs+Andal+Ampatuan+Jr%2C+27+others&rft.date=2014-03-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F52124-prosecution-rests-case-ampatuan-massacre-trial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dzrhnews.com/private-prosecutors-support-state-lawyers-rest-case-against-some-accused-maguindanao-massacre/">"Private prosecutors hits fellow prosecutors for allegations of bribing in Maguindanao massacre AUGUST 7, 2014"</a>. <i>dzrhnews.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140807155737/http://dzrhnews.com/private-prosecutors-support-state-lawyers-rest-case-against-some-accused-maguindanao-massacre/">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=dzrhnews.com&rft.atitle=Private+prosecutors+hits+fellow+prosecutors+for+allegations+of+bribing+in+Maguindanao+massacre+AUGUST+7%2C+2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdzrhnews.com%2Fprivate-prosecutors-support-state-lawyers-rest-case-against-some-accused-maguindanao-massacre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.doj.gov.ph/news.html?title=Statement%20of%20the%20DOJ%20Panel%20of%20Prosecutors%20in%20the%20Maguindanao%20Massacre%20Cases&newsid=300">"Statement of the DOJ Panel of Prosecutors in the Maguindanao Massacre Cases"</a>. Philippine Department of justice. August 5, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141215052133/http://www.doj.gov.ph/news.html?title=Statement%20of%20the%20DOJ%20Panel%20of%20Prosecutors%20in%20the%20Maguindanao%20Massacre%20Cases&newsid=300">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statement+of+the+DOJ+Panel+of+Prosecutors+in+the+Maguindanao+Massacre+Cases&rft.pub=Philippine+Department+of+justice&rft.date=2014-08-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doj.gov.ph%2Fnews.html%3Ftitle%3DStatement%2520of%2520the%2520DOJ%2520Panel%2520of%2520Prosecutors%2520in%2520the%2520Maguindanao%2520Massacre%2520Cases%26newsid%3D300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/373946/news/nation/ampatuan-lawyers-withdraw-from-maguindanao-massacre-case">"Ampatuan lawyers withdraw from Maguindanao massacre case"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. August 8, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140810012158/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/373946/news/nation/ampatuan-lawyers-withdraw-from-maguindanao-massacre-case">Archived</a> from the original on August 10, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Ampatuan+lawyers+withdraw+from+Maguindanao+massacre+case&rft.date=2014-08-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F373946%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fampatuan-lawyers-withdraw-from-maguindanao-massacre-case&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmfr-phil.org/ampatuanwatch/">"Court assigns public lawyer for Ampatuans"</a>. <i>The Philippine Star</i>. August 14, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110130122625/http://www.cmfr-phil.org/ampatuanwatch/">Archived</a> from the original on January 30, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Court+assigns+public+lawyer+for+Ampatuans&rft.date=2014-08-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmfr-phil.org%2Fampatuanwatch%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/113484-maguindanao-massacre-6th-year-updates">"6 updates on Maguindanao Massacre's 6th year"</a>. <i>Rappler</i>. November 23, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151122135459/http://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/113484-maguindanao-massacre-6th-year-updates">Archived</a> from the original on November 22, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=6+updates+on+Maguindanao+Massacre%27s+6th+year&rft.date=2015-11-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Fiq%2F113484-maguindanao-massacre-6th-year-updates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/07/06/1717230/3-maguindanao-massacre-suspects-acquitted-lack-evidence">"3 Maguindanao massacre suspects acquitted for lack of evidence"</a>. <i>The Philippine Star</i>. July 6, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181019061246/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2017/07/06/1717230/3-maguindanao-massacre-suspects-acquitted-lack-evidence">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=3+Maguindanao+massacre+suspects+acquitted+for+lack+of+evidence&rft.date=2017-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2017%2F07%2F06%2F1717230%2F3-maguindanao-massacre-suspects-acquitted-lack-evidence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/634077/maguindanao-massacre-trial-update-31-accused-done-presenting-defense/story/">"Maguindanao massacre trial update: 31 accused done presenting defense"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. November 22, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123154229/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/634077/maguindanao-massacre-trial-update-31-accused-done-presenting-defense/story/">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Maguindanao+massacre+trial+update%3A+31+accused+done+presenting+defense&rft.date=2017-11-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F634077%2Fmaguindanao-massacre-trial-update-31-accused-done-presenting-defense%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/657712/justice-chief-expects-winding-up-maguindanao-massacre-trial-this-year/story/">"Justice chief expects 'winding up' of Maguindanao massacre trial this year"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. June 21, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123154444/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/657712/justice-chief-expects-winding-up-maguindanao-massacre-trial-this-year/story/">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Justice+chief+expects+%27winding+up%27+of+Maguindanao+massacre+trial+this+year&rft.date=2018-06-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F657712%2Fjustice-chief-expects-winding-up-maguindanao-massacre-trial-this-year%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bworldonline.com/partial-judgement-on-maguindanao-massacre-case-expected-by-q1-2019/">"Maguindanao massacre case resolution early 2019 – DOJ"</a>. <i>BusinessWorld</i>. November 22, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190113062905/https://www.bworldonline.com/partial-judgement-on-maguindanao-massacre-case-expected-by-q1-2019/">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BusinessWorld&rft.atitle=Maguindanao+massacre+case+resolution+early+2019+%E2%80%93+DOJ&rft.date=2018-11-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bworldonline.com%2Fpartial-judgement-on-maguindanao-massacre-case-expected-by-q1-2019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1151913/decision-for-maguindanao-massacre-likely-out-before-10th-anniversary-in-nov-guevarra">"Decision for Maguindanao massacre likely out before 10th anniversary in Nov. – Guevarra"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. August 8, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190905125242/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1151913/decision-for-maguindanao-massacre-likely-out-before-10th-anniversary-in-nov-guevarra">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Decision+for+Maguindanao+massacre+likely+out+before+10th+anniversary+in+Nov.+%E2%80%93+Guevarra&rft.date=2019-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2F1151913%2Fdecision-for-maguindanao-massacre-likely-out-before-10th-anniversary-in-nov-guevarra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rappler.com/nation/247380-ampatuan-brothers-guilty-ampatuan-maguindanao-massacre-case">"Ampatuan brothers convicted in 10-year massacre case"</a>. <i>Rappler</i>. December 19, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200413233614/https://www.rappler.com/nation/247380-ampatuan-brothers-guilty-ampatuan-maguindanao-massacre-case">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rappler&rft.atitle=Ampatuan+brothers+convicted+in+10-year+massacre+case&rft.date=2019-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnation%2F247380-ampatuan-brothers-guilty-ampatuan-maguindanao-massacre-case&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inquirer237983-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer237983_73-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer237983_73-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquirer237983_73-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091125162244/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091124-237983/List-of-victims-in-Maguindanao-massacre">"List of victims in Maguindanao massacre"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20091124-237983/List-of-victims-in-Maguindanao-massacre">the original</a> on November 25, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=List+of+victims+in+Maguindanao+massacre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Finquirerheadlines%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091124-237983%2FList-of-victims-in-Maguindanao-massacre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inquirer20091123-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-inquirer20091123_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://services.inquirer.net/mobile/09/11/23/html_output/xmlhtml/20091123-237939-xml.html">AFP: Maguindanao death toll may reach 43</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402102107/http://services.inquirer.net/mobile/09/11/23/html_output/xmlhtml/20091123-237939-xml.html">Archived</a> April 2, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (November 23, 2009), Philippine Daily Inquirer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091127073648/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091124-238088/Slain-lawyers-among-most-ardent-peace-advocates-in-Mindanao">"Slain lawyers among most ardent peace advocates in Mindanao"</a>. <i>Philippine Daily Inquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20091124-238088/Slain-lawyers-among-most-ardent-peace-advocates-in-Mindanao">the original</a> on November 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philippine+Daily+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Slain+lawyers+among+most+ardent+peace+advocates+in+Mindanao&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewsinfo.inquirer.net%2Fbreakingnews%2Fnation%2Fview%2F20091124-238088%2FSlain-lawyers-among-most-ardent-peace-advocates-in-Mindanao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141104110608/http://www.news.davaoseo.org/maguindanao-massacre/">"Maguindanao Massacre"</a>. GMANetwork. February 17, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.davaoseo.org/maguindanao-massacre/">the original</a> on November 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maguindanao+Massacre&rft.pub=GMANetwork&rft.date=2010-02-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.davaoseo.org%2Fmaguindanao-massacre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTran2009" class="citation news cs1">Tran, Mark (November 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/nov/26/philippines-massacre-politician-charged">"Philippines massacre: police charge local politician with murder"</a>. <i>Guardian</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130908080738/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/nov/26/philippines-massacre-politician-charged">Archived</a> from the original on September 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guardian&rft.atitle=Philippines+massacre%3A+police+charge+local+politician+with+murder&rft.date=2009-11-26&rft.aulast=Tran&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2009%2Fnov%2F26%2Fphilippines-massacre-politician-charged&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GMANews.tv-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GMANews.tv_78-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GMANews.tv_78-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanews.tv/story/177776/innocent-motorists-among-massacre-victims-in-ampatuan">"Innocent motorists among massacre victims in Ampatuan"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>. November 25, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100614021038/http://www.gmanews.tv/story/177776/innocent-motorists-among-massacre-victims-in-ampatuan">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Innocent+motorists+among+massacre+victims+in+Ampatuan&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanews.tv%2Fstory%2F177776%2Finnocent-motorists-among-massacre-victims-in-ampatuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/en/reports/2010/11/17/they-own-people">"They Own the People"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140528031505/http://www.hrw.org/en/reports/2010/11/17/they-own-people">Archived</a> May 28, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (November 16, 2010), Human Rights Watch.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark D. Merueñas, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanews.tv/story/206108/rights-group-ampatuans-killed-more-people-in-20-years">Rights group: Ampatuans killed more people in 20 years</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101119022606/http://www.gmanews.tv/story/206108/rights-group-ampatuans-killed-more-people-in-20-years">Archived</a> November 19, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (November 16, 2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanews.tv">gmanews.tv</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020111332/http://www8.gmanews.tv/">Archived</a> October 20, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100926121121/http://www.historyasia.com/synopsis.aspx?libId=1290&sId=742&sTime=180">"History Asia: The Maguindanao Massacre"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyasia.com/synopsis.aspx?libId=1290&sId=742&sTime=180">the original</a> on September 26, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+Asia%3A+The+Maguindanao+Massacre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyasia.com%2Fsynopsis.aspx%3FlibId%3D1290%26sId%3D742%26sTime%3D180&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bambubeatrock.bandcamp.com/album/one-rifle-per-family">"...one rifle per family. | Bambu"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827030758/http://bambubeatrock.bandcamp.com/album/one-rifle-per-family">Archived</a> from the original on August 27, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=...one+rifle+per+family.+%7C+Bambu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbambubeatrock.bandcamp.com%2Falbum%2Fone-rifle-per-family&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaborro" class="citation news cs1">Gaborro, Allen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://filamstar.net/lifenhomenews/1990-portraits-of-a-massacre.html">"Portraits of a Massacre Book Review"</a>. FilAm Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185408/http://filamstar.net/lifenhomenews/1990-portraits-of-a-massacre.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Portraits+of+a+Massacre+Book+Review&rft.aulast=Gaborro&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffilamstar.net%2Flifenhomenews%2F1990-portraits-of-a-massacre.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artrenewal.org/13thARCSalon/Artwork/ByCategory/28442#content">"ARC / The Modern Holocaust (The Maguindanao Massacre) by Romulo Galicano"</a>. <i>Art Renewal Center</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220813010540/https://www.artrenewal.org/13thARCSalon/Artwork/ByCategory/28442#content">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Art+Renewal+Center&rft.atitle=ARC+%2F+The+Modern+Holocaust+%28The+Maguindanao+Massacre%29+by+Romulo+Galicano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.artrenewal.org%2F13thARCSalon%2FArtwork%2FByCategory%2F28442%23content&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/en_asia/features/pinoy-director-erik-matti-on-the-job-sequel-political-angst-2887418">"Director Erik Matti on the sequel to 'On The Job': "Yes, it's an angry movie"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a></i>. February 24, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220531082644/https://www.nme.com/en_asia/features/pinoy-director-erik-matti-on-the-job-sequel-political-angst-2887418">Archived</a> from the original on May 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NME&rft.atitle=Director+Erik+Matti+on+the+sequel+to+%27On+The+Job%27%3A+%22Yes%2C+it%27s+an+angry+movie%22&rft.date=2021-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fen_asia%2Ffeatures%2Fpinoy-director-erik-matti-on-the-job-sequel-political-angst-2887418&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNews2024" class="citation web cs1">News, GMA Integrated (November 23, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/showbiz/chikaminute/927958/gma-public-affairs-gma-pictures-release-teaser-for-58th-a-film-about-the-maguindanao-massacre/story/">"GMA Public Affairs, GMA Pictures release teaser for '58th,' a film about the Maguindanao massacre"</a>. <i>GMA News Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GMA+News+Online&rft.atitle=GMA+Public+Affairs%2C+GMA+Pictures+release+teaser+for+%2758th%2C%27+a+film+about+the+Maguindanao+massacre&rft.date=2024-11-23&rft.aulast=News&rft.aufirst=GMA+Integrated&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fshowbiz%2Fchikaminute%2F927958%2Fgma-public-affairs-gma-pictures-release-teaser-for-58th-a-film-about-the-maguindanao-massacre%2Fstory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|last=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_87-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_87-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTan2019" class="citation news cs1">Tan, Lara (December 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220603093113/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/12/20/Maguindanao-massacre-women-rape-sperm-.html">"3 Maguindanao massacre victims sexually assaulted, court says"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN_Philippines" title="CNN Philippines">CNN Philippines</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/12/20/Maguindanao-massacre-women-rape-sperm-.html">the original</a> on June 3, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Philippines&rft.atitle=3+Maguindanao+massacre+victims+sexually+assaulted%2C+court+says&rft.date=2019-12-20&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnphilippines.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2F12%2F20%2FMaguindanao-massacre-women-rape-sperm-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViray2019" class="citation news cs1">Viray, Patricia Lourdes (December 19, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/12/19/1978315/traces-semen-found-3-female-ampatuan-massacre-victims">"Traces of semen found in 3 female Ampatuan massacre victims"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Philippine_Star" title="The Philippine Star">The Philippine Star</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230331210920/https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2019/12/19/1978315/traces-semen-found-3-female-ampatuan-massacre-victims">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=Traces+of+semen+found+in+3+female+Ampatuan+massacre+victims&rft.date=2019-12-19&rft.aulast=Viray&rft.aufirst=Patricia+Lourdes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2Fheadlines%2F2019%2F12%2F19%2F1978315%2Ftraces-semen-found-3-female-ampatuan-massacre-victims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConlu,_Victoria2014" class="citation book cs1">Conlu, Victoria (2014). <i>Portraits of a Massacre</i>. Victoria Conlu. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1304021601" title="Special:BookSources/978-1304021601"><bdi>978-1304021601</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Portraits+of+a+Massacre&rft.pub=Victoria+Conlu&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1304021601&rft.au=Conlu%2C+Victoria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHuman_Rights_Watch_(Organization)2010" class="citation book cs1">Human Rights Watch (Organization) (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qV6wZwEACAAJ"><i>"They Own the People": The Ampatuans, State-Backed Militias and Killings in the Southern Philippines</i></a>. Human Rights Watch. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56432-710-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56432-710-9"><bdi>978-1-56432-710-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22They+Own+the+People%22%3A+The+Ampatuans%2C+State-Backed+Militias+and+Killings+in+the+Southern+Philippines&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-56432-710-9&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch+%28Organization%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqV6wZwEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span> (readable online <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/reports/2010/11/17/they-own-people">here</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9dbvgyS6dms">Journeyman Pictures: "Turning a Blind Eye"</a> 2010</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1943191,00.html">Behind the Philippines' Maguindanao Massacre</a>, November 27, 2009, TIME magazine.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130131140047/http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=632716&publicationSubCategoryId=63">"The Maguindanao Massacre: A Timeline"</a>. <i>The Philippine Star</i>. November 23, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=632716&publicationSubCategoryId=63">the original</a> on January 31, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philippine+Star&rft.atitle=The+Maguindanao+Massacre%3A+A+Timeline&rft.date=2010-11-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philstar.com%2FArticle.aspx%3FarticleId%3D632716%26publicationSubCategoryId%3D63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/maguindanaomassacre">"Maguindinao Massacre Timeline"</a>. <i>GMA News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GMA+News&rft.atitle=Maguindinao+Massacre+Timeline&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fmaguindanaomassacre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaguindanao+massacre" class="Z3988"></span> (2007–present)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philippines" title="Portal:Philippines">Philippines</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/19px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/28px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Scale_of_justice_2.svg/37px-Scale_of_justice_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="204" data-file-height="208" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Crime" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Crime">Crime</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Blue_iPod_Nano.jpg/8px-Blue_iPod_Nano.jpg" decoding="async" width="8" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Blue_iPod_Nano.jpg/12px-Blue_iPod_Nano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Blue_iPod_Nano.jpg/16px-Blue_iPod_Nano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="798" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:2000s" title="Portal:2000s">2000s</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Moro_conflict" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Moro_conflict" title="Template:Moro conflict"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Moro_conflict" title="Template talk:Moro conflict"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Moro_conflict" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Moro conflict"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Moro_conflict" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro conflict</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade_in_the_Philippines" title="Illegal drug trade in the Philippines">Drug abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Gun politics in the Philippines">Gun cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_the_Philippines" title="Poverty in the Philippines">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_Philippines" title="Racism in the Philippines">Racism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rido" class="mw-redirect" title="Rido">Rido</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_in_the_Sulu_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Piracy in the Sulu Sea">Piracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabidah_massacre" title="Jabidah massacre">Jabidah massacre</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manili_massacre" title="Manili massacre">Manili massacre</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacub_massacre" title="Tacub massacre">Tacub massacre</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palimbang_massacre" title="Palimbang massacre">Palimbang massacre</a> (1974)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rebel groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-autonomy or independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moro_National_Liberation_Front" title="Moro National Liberation Front">Moro National Liberation Front</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> (MILF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MNLF_Executive_Council_of_15" title="MNLF Executive Council of 15">MNLF Executive Council of 15</a> (MNLF EC-15)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sayyaf" title="Abu Sayyaf">Abu Sayyaf</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_Khalifa_Philippines" title="Ansar Khalifa Philippines">Ansar Khalifa Philippines</a> (AKP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Islamic_Freedom_Fighters" title="Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters">Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters</a> (BIFF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalifa_Islamiyah_Mindanao" title="Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao">Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao</a> (KIM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maute_group" title="Maute group">Maute group</a> (MG)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-autonomy or independence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Misuari" title="Nur Misuari">Nur Misuari</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus_Sema" class="mw-redirect" title="Mus Sema">Mus Sema</a> (MNLF EC-15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murad_Ebrahim" title="Murad Ebrahim">Murad Ebrahim</a> (MILF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Islamists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isnilon_Hapilon" title="Isnilon Hapilon">Isnilon Hapilon</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khadaffy_Janjalani" title="Khadaffy Janjalani">Khadaffy Janjalani</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameril_Umbra_Kato" title="Ameril Umbra Kato">Ameril Umbra Kato</a> (BIFF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albader_Parad" title="Albader Parad">Albader Parad</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sabaya" title="Abu Sabaya">Abu Sabaya</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radullan_Sahiron" title="Radullan Sahiron">Radullan Sahiron</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainal_Antel_Sali_Jr." title="Jainal Antel Sali Jr.">Jainal Antel Sali Jr.</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Santos_(militant)" title="Ahmed Santos (militant)">Ahmed Santos</a> (RSM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamsiraji_Marusi_Sali" title="Hamsiraji Marusi Sali">Hamsiraji Marusi Sali</a> (ASG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Maute" title="Omar Maute">Omar Maute</a> (MG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Maute" title="Abdullah Maute">Abdullah Maute</a> (MG)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Mukah" title="Battle off Mukah">Battle off Mukah</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jolo_(1974)" title="Battle of Jolo (1974)">Battle of Jolo</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patikul_massacre" title="Patikul massacre">Patikul massacre</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pata_Island_massacre" title="Pata Island massacre">Pata Island massacre</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Ipil_massacre" title="1995 Ipil massacre">Ipil massacre</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Philippine_campaign_against_the_Moro_Islamic_Liberation_Front" title="2000 Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front">Philippine campaign against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camp_Abubakar" title="Battle of Camp Abubakar">Battle of Camp Abubakar</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Misuari_rebellion" title="2001 Misuari rebellion">Misuari rebellion</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines</a> (2002–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Basilan_beheading_incident" title="2007 Basilan beheading incident">Basilan beheading incident</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Cotabato_conflict" title="2008 Cotabato conflict">Cotabato conflict</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Lahad_Datu_standoff" title="2013 Lahad Datu standoff">Lahad Datu standoff</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamboanga_City_crisis" title="Zamboanga City crisis">Zamboanga City crisis</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Darkhorse" title="Operation Darkhorse">Operation Darkhorse</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Basilan_(2014)" title="Battle of Basilan (2014)">Battle of Basilan</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamasapano_clash" title="Mamasapano clash">Mamasapano clash</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tipo-Tipo" title="Battle of Tipo-Tipo">Battle of Tipo-Tipo</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Butig_clashes" title="2016 Butig clashes">Butig clashes</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Bohol_clashes" title="2017 Bohol clashes">Bohol clashes</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Marawi" title="Siege of Marawi">Siege of Marawi</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungkaya_Pukan_clash" title="Ungkaya Pukan clash">Ungkaya Pukan clash </a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents involving<br />civilians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1985_Lahad_Datu_ambush" title="1985 Lahad Datu ambush">Lahad Datu ambush</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozamiz_Ferry_Bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozamiz Ferry Bombing">Ozamiz Ferry Bombing</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Sipadan_kidnappings" title="2000 Sipadan kidnappings">Sipadan kidnappings</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_Day_bombings" title="Rizal Day bombings">Rizal Day bombings</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dos_Palmas_kidnappings" title="Dos Palmas kidnappings">Dos Palmas kidnappings</a> (2000–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Lamitan" title="Siege of Lamitan">Siege of Lamitan</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Zamboanga_City_bombings" title="2002 Zamboanga City bombings">Zamboanga City bombings</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_SuperFerry_14" title="MV SuperFerry 14">SuperFerry 14 bombing</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Central_Mindanao_bombings" title="2006 Central Mindanao bombings">Central Mindanao bombings</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Mindanao_bombings" title="2009 Mindanao bombings">Mindanao bombings</a> (2009)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maguindanao massacre</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Bukidnon_bus_bombing" title="2014 Bukidnon bus bombing">Bukidnon bus bombing</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Davao_City_bombing" title="2016 Davao City bombing">Davao City bombing</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Jolo_Cathedral_bombings" title="2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings">Jolo Cathedral bombings</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Jolo_bombings" title="2020 Jolo bombings">Jolo bombings</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datu_Paglas_market_occupation" title="Datu Paglas market occupation">Datu Paglas market occupation</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindanao_State_University_bombing" title="Mindanao State University bombing">Mindanao State University bombing</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_peace_process" title="Bangsamoro peace process">Peace process</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Tripoli_Agreement" title="1976 Tripoli Agreement">1976 Tripoli Agreement</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeddah_Accord" title="Jeddah Accord">1987 Jeddah Accord</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Final_Peace_Agreement" title="1996 Final Peace Agreement">1996 Final Peace Agreement</a> (MNLF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framework_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro">2012 Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a> (MILF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Agreement_on_the_Bangsamoro" title="Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro">2014 Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro</a> (MILF)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Security zones<br />and peace monitoring</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFP_Western_Mindanao_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="AFP Western Mindanao Command">AFP Western Mindanao Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AFP_Eastern_Mindanao_Command" title="AFP Eastern Mindanao Command">AFP Eastern Mindanao Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Sabah_Security_Command" title="Eastern Sabah Security Command">Eastern Sabah Security Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Sabah_Security_Zone" title="Eastern Sabah Security Zone">Eastern Sabah Security Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monitoring_Team" title="International Monitoring Team">International Monitoring Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Peace_and_Security_Team" title="Joint Peace and Security Team">Joint Peace and Security Team</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Organic_Law" title="Bangsamoro Organic Law">Bangsamoro Organic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro" title="Bangsamoro">Bangsamoro Autonomous Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangsamoro_Republik" title="Bangsamoro Republik">Bangsamoro Republik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_border_attacks_in_Sabah" title="Cross border attacks in Sabah">Cross border attacks in Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilaga" title="Ilaga">Ilaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_No._216" title="Proclamation No. 216">Proclamation No. 216</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Philippines" title="Refugees of the Philippines">Refugees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Template:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Template talk:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Philippines" title="List of presidents of the Philippines">14th</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President of the Philippines</a> (2001–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampanga%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Pampanga's 2nd congressional district">Pampanga's 2nd district representative</a> (2010–2019; 2022–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">25th Speaker of the House of Representatives</a> (2018–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Senior Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives</a> (2016–2017; 2022–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines">Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Philippines" title="Vice President of the Philippines">10th Vice President of the Philippines</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Social_Welfare_and_Development_(Philippines)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of Social Welfare and Development (Philippines)">Social Welfare and Development Secretary</a> (1998–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senator_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Senator of the Philippines">Senator of the Philippines</a> (1992–1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidency of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo">Presidency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="List of international presidential trips made by Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">International trips</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Policies_and_legislation" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies<br /> and legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000</li> <li>Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Procurement_Reform_Act" title="Government Procurement Reform Act">Government Procurement Reform Act</a></li> <li>Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004</li> <li>Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Nautical_Highway_System" title="Philippine Nautical Highway System">Strong Republic Nautical Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Security_Act_of_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Human Security Act of 2007">Human Security Act of 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Executive_Order_464" title="Philippine Executive Order 464">Executive Order 464</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday_economics" title="Holiday economics">Holiday economics</a></li> <li>Renewable Energy Act of 2008</li> <li>Universally Accessible Cheaper and Quality Medicines Act of 2008</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines#K–12_(2012–present)" title="Education in the Philippines">K-12 implementation process (Omnibus Education Reform Act of 2008)</a></li> <li>Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009</li> <li>Anti-Torture Act of 2009</li> <li>Real Estate Investment Trust Act of 2009</li> <li>Philippine Technology Transfer Act of 2009</li> <li>Climate Change Act of 2009</li> <li>Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park Act of 2009</li> <li>Magna Carta of Women</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visiting_forces_agreement" title="Visiting forces agreement">Visiting forces agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_non-NATO_ally" title="Major non-NATO ally">US designation of the Philippines as a major non-NATO ally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-National_Force_%E2%80%93_Iraq" title="Multi-National Force – Iraq">Multi-National Force – Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Charter" title="ASEAN Charter">ASEAN Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebu_Declaration_on_East_Asian_Energy_Security" title="Cebu Declaration on East Asian Energy Security">East Asian Energy Security</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Nation_Address_(Philippines)" title="State of the Nation Address (Philippines)">State of the Nation Address</a> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_First_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's First State of the Nation Address">2001</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Second_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Second State of the Nation Address">2002</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Third_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Third State of the Nation Address">2003</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Fourth_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Fourth State of the Nation Address">2004</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Fifth_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Fifth State of the Nation Address">2005</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Sixth_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Sixth State of the Nation Address">2006</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Seventh_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Seventh State of the Nation Address">2007</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Eighth_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Eighth State of the Nation Address">2008</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo%27s_Ninth_State_of_the_Nation_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo's Ninth State of the Nation Address">2009</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rep._Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo_(19th_Congress).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Rep._Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo_%2819th_Congress%29.jpg/135px-Rep._Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo_%2819th_Congress%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Rep._Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo_%2819th_Congress%29.jpg/203px-Rep._Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo_%2819th_Congress%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Rep._Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo_%2819th_Congress%29.jpg/270px-Rep._Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo_%2819th_Congress%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="586" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Philippine_general_election" title="1992 Philippine general election">1992 Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Philippine_general_election" title="1998 Philippine general election">1998 Vice presidential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Philippine_general_election" title="2004 Philippine general election">2004 presidential</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hello_Garci_scandal" title="Hello Garci scandal">Hello Garci scandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Philippine_general_election" title="2007 Philippine general election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_general_election" title="2010 Philippine general election">2010</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagal" title="Diosdado Macapagal">Diosdado Macapagal</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Macapagal" title="Eva Macapagal">Eva Macaraeg</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Miguel_Arroyo" title="Jose Miguel Arroyo">Jose Miguel Arroyo</a> (husband)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikey_Arroyo" title="Mikey Arroyo">Mikey</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dato_Arroyo" title="Dato Arroyo">Dato Arroyo</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Macapagal" title="Arturo Macapagal">Arturo Macapagal</a> (half-brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iggy_Arroyo" title="Iggy Arroyo">Iggy Arroyo</a> (brother-in-law)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/14th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="14th Congress of the Philippines">14th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="13th Congress of the Philippines">13th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="12th Congress of the Philippines">12th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="11th Congress of the Philippines">11th Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakas%E2%80%93CMD_(1991)" title="Lakas–CMD (1991)">Lakas-CMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabalikat_ng_Malayang_Pilipino" title="Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino">Kampi</a></li> <li>Public image <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fraud_(book)" title="Fraud (book)">Fraud: Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo and the May 2004 Elections</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moron_5_and_the_Crying_Lady" title="Moron 5 and the Crying Lady">Moron 5 and the Crying Lady</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Controversies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fertilizer_Fund_scam" title="Fertilizer Fund scam">Fertilizer Fund scam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Broadband_Network_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine National Broadband Network controversy">NBN/ZTE scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_National_Artist_of_the_Philippines_controversy" title="2009 National Artist of the Philippines controversy">National Artist controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li>Domestic incidents <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_EDSA_Revolution" title="Second EDSA Revolution">EDSA II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EDSA_III" title="EDSA III">EDSA III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Enduring_Freedom_%E2%80%93_Philippines" title="Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines">Operation Freedom Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakwood_mutiny" title="Oakwood mutiny">Oakwood mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002%E2%80%932004_SARS_outbreak" title="2002–2004 SARS outbreak">2003 SARS outbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_Depression_Winnie" title="Tropical Depression Winnie">Tropical Depression Winnie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacienda_Luisita#November_2004_Massacre" title="Hacienda Luisita">Hacienda Luisita massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_SuperFerry_14_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 SuperFerry 14 bombing">2004 SuperFerry 14 bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_state_of_emergency_in_the_Philippines" title="2006 state of emergency in the Philippines">2006 state of emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Southern_Leyte_mudslide" title="2006 Southern Leyte mudslide">2006 Southern Leyte mudslide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Xangsane" title="Typhoon Xangsane">Xangsane (Milenyo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Durian" title="Typhoon Durian">Durian (Reming)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimaras_oil_spill" title="Guimaras oil spill">Guimaras oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Peninsula_siege" title="Manila Peninsula siege">Manila Peninsula siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Basilan_beheading_incident" title="2007 Basilan beheading incident">2007 Basilan beheading incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Joseph_Estrada#Verdict" title="Trial of Joseph Estrada">Joseph Estrada's conviction and release</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Fengshen_(2008)" class="mw-redirect" title="Typhoon Fengshen (2008)">Fengshen (Frank)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="2009 swine flu pandemic in the Philippines">2009 swine flu pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayon#2009–2010_eruptions" title="Mayon">2009–10 Mayon Volcano eruptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Ketsana" title="Typhoon Ketsana">Ketsana (Ondoy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Parma" title="Typhoon Parma">Parma (Pepeng)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maguindanao massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Angelo_dela_Cruz" title="Kidnapping of Angelo dela Cruz">Kidnapping of Angelo dela Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subic_rape_case" title="Subic rape case">Subic rape case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 Southeast Asian Games">2005 Southeast Asian Games</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Estrada" title="Joseph Estrada">← Joseph Estrada</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teofisto_Guingona_Jr." title="Teofisto Guingona Jr.">← Teofisto Guingona Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noli_de_Castro" title="Noli de Castro">Noli de Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jejomar_Binay" title="Jejomar Binay">Jejomar Binay →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Category:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo">Commons</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikidata page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/16px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/24px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123665" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q123665">Wikidata</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikisource page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo">Wikisource</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo">Wikiquote</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2010_Philippine_general_election" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2010_Philippine_general_election" title="Template:2010 Philippine general election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2010_Philippine_general_election" title="Template talk:2010 Philippine general election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2010_Philippine_general_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2010 Philippine general election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2010_Philippine_general_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_general_election" title="2010 Philippine general election">2010 Philippine general election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2007_Philippine_general_election" title="2007 Philippine general election">2007</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;" class=""><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_general_election" title="2010 Philippine general election">2010</a></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2013_Philippine_general_election" title="2013 Philippine general election">2013</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#EEEEEE; color::#888; text-align:center;">Executive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_presidential_election" title="2010 Philippine presidential election">Summary</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2010_Philippine_presidential_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2010 Philippine presidential election">Opinion polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_canvass_for_the_2010_Philippine_presidential_election" title="Congressional canvass for the 2010 Philippine presidential election">Congressional canvass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#EEEEEE; color::#888; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="Congress of the Philippines">Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_Senate_election" title="2010 Philippine Senate election">Summary</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_2010_Philippine_Senate_election" title="Opinion polling for the 2010 Philippine Senate election">Opinion polling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_senators_elected_in_the_2010_Philippine_Senate_election" title="List of senators elected in the 2010 Philippine Senate election">Senators elected</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_the_Philippines" title="House of Representatives of the Philippines">House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections">Summary</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_representatives_elected_in_the_2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_election" title="List of representatives elected in the 2010 Philippine House of Representatives election">Representatives elected</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">District</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Per region: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Ilocos_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Ilocos Region">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Cagayan_Valley" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Cagayan Valley">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Central_Luzon" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Central Luzon">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Calabarzon" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Calabarzon">IV–A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Mimaropa" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Mimaropa">IV–B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Bicol_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Bicol Region">V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Western_Visayas" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Western Visayas">VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Central_Visayas" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Central Visayas">VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Eastern_Visayas" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Eastern Visayas">VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Zamboanga_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Zamboanga Peninsula">IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Northern_Mindanao" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Northern Mindanao">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Davao_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Davao Region">XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Soccsksargen" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Soccsksargen">XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Caraga" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Caraga">XIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_the_Autonomous_Region_in_Muslim_Mindanao" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao">ARMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Cordillera_Administrative_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Cordillera Administrative Region">CAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_Metro_Manila" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives elections in Metro Manila">NCR</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Party-list</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_House_of_Representatives_election_(party-list)" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Philippine House of Representatives election (party-list)">Summary</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#EEEEEE; color::#888; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Philippines" title="Local government in the Philippines">Local</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Philippine_gubernatorial_elections" title="2010 Philippine gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial elections</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Luzon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Antipolo_local_elections" title="2010 Antipolo local elections">Antipolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Batangas_local_elections" title="2010 Batangas local elections">Batangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Bulacan_local_elections" title="2010 Bulacan local elections">Bulacan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Marilao_local_elections" title="2010 Marilao local elections">Marilao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Meycauayan_local_elections" title="2010 Meycauayan local elections">Meycauayan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Cavite_City_local_elections" title="2010 Cavite City local elections">Cavite City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Laguna_local_elections" title="2010 Laguna local elections">Laguna</a> <ul><li>Santa Rosa</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Marinduque_local_elections" title="2010 Marinduque local elections">Marinduque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Quezon_local_elections" title="2010 Quezon local elections">Quezon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Tarlac_local_elections" title="2010 Tarlac local elections">Tarlac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Tarlac_City_local_elections" title="2010 Tarlac City local elections">Tarlac City</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metro Manila</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Caloocan_local_elections" title="2010 Caloocan local elections">Caloocan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Las_Pi%C3%B1as_local_elections" title="2010 Las Piñas local elections">Las Piñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Makati_local_elections" title="2010 Makati local elections">Makati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Manila_local_elections" title="2010 Manila local elections">Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Marikina_local_elections" title="2010 Marikina local elections">Marikina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Navotas_local_elections" title="2010 Navotas local elections">Navotas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Pasay_local_elections" title="2010 Pasay local elections">Pasay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Para%C3%B1aque_local_elections" title="2010 Parañaque local elections">Parañaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Quezon_City_local_elections" title="2010 Quezon City local elections">Quezon City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2010_San_Juan,_Metro_Manila,_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2010 San Juan, Metro Manila, local elections (page does not exist)">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Taguig_local_elections" title="2010 Taguig local elections">Taguig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Valenzuela_local_elections" title="2010 Valenzuela local elections">Valenzuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Visayas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Bohol_local_elections" title="2010 Bohol local elections">Bohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Cebu_local_elections" title="2010 Cebu local elections">Cebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Cebu_City_local_elections" title="2010 Cebu City local elections">Cebu City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mindanao</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_Zamboanga_City_local_elections" title="2010 Zamboanga City local elections">Zamboanga City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#EEEEEE; color::#888; text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Corazon_Aquino" title="Death and funeral of Corazon Aquino">Death and funeral of Corazon Aquino</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maguindanao massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversies_in_the_2010_Philippine_general_election" title="Controversies in the 2010 Philippine general election">Controversies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Presidency of Benigno Aquino III">Presidency of Benigno Aquino III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Congress_of_the_Philippines" title="15th Congress of the Philippines">15th Congress</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Naging_Mahirap" title="Naging Mahirap">Naging Mahirap</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&oldid=1259197840">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&oldid=1259197840</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2009_murders_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:2009 murders in the Philippines">2009 murders in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2009_disasters_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:2009 disasters in the Philippines">2009 disasters in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:November_2009_events_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:November 2009 events in the Philippines">November 2009 events in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:November_2009_crimes" title="Category:November 2009 crimes">November 2009 crimes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Assassinated_Filipino_journalists" title="Category:Assassinated Filipino journalists">Assassinated Filipino journalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massacres_in_2009" title="Category:Massacres in 2009">Massacres in 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massacres_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Massacres in the Philippines">Massacres in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Extrajudicial_killings_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Extrajudicial killings in the Philippines">Extrajudicial killings in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Maguindanao_del_Sur" title="Category:History of Maguindanao del Sur">History of Maguindanao del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2010_Philippine_general_election" title="Category:2010 Philippine general election">2010 Philippine general election</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidency_of_Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo" title="Category:Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo">Presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Democratic_backsliding_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Democratic backsliding in the Philippines">Democratic backsliding in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Electoral_violence" title="Category:Electoral violence">Electoral violence</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_mass_murder_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:21st-century mass murder in the Philippines">21st-century mass murder in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Trials_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Trials in the Philippines">Trials in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2010s_trials" title="Category:2010s trials">2010s trials</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_kidnappings" title="Category:Mass kidnappings">Mass kidnappings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kidnappings_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Kidnappings in the Philippines">Kidnappings in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Kidnapping_in_the_2000s" title="Category:Kidnapping in the 2000s">Kidnapping in the 2000s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rape_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Rape in the Philippines">Rape in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Massacres_of_women" title="Category:Massacres of women">Massacres of women</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Violence_against_women_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Violence against women in the Philippines">Violence against women in the Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2009_in_politics" title="Category:2009 in politics">2009 in politics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crime_in_Mindanao" title="Category:Crime in Mindanao">Crime in Mindanao</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st_century_in_Bangsamoro" title="Category:21st century in Bangsamoro">21st century in Bangsamoro</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Family_murders" title="Category:Family murders">Family murders</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name" title="Category:CS1 errors: generic name">CS1 errors: generic name</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Philippine_English_from_April_2023" title="Category:Use Philippine English from April 2023">Use Philippine English from April 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Philippine_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Philippine English">All Wikipedia articles written in Philippine English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2015" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2015">Use mdy dates from March 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_November_2011" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2011">Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_November_2009" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2009">Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2009</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 22:18<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maguindanao_massacre&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-84779d6bf6-mcz5d","wgBackendResponseTime":143,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.160","walltime":"1.338","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8512,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":346797,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":18195,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":366482,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1092.861 1 -total"," 47.88% 523.218 2 Template:Reflist"," 31.56% 344.863 63 Template:Cite_news"," 9.95% 108.738 1 Template:Infobox_civilian_attack"," 9.61% 104.997 1 Template:Infobox"," 9.19% 100.430 1 Template:History_of_the_Philippines"," 9.03% 98.687 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 7.26% 79.308 18 Template:Cite_web"," 7.08% 77.325 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.88% 75.228 8 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.630","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8089644,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-6vdtd","timestamp":"20241123221832","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Maguindanao massacre","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maguindanao_massacre","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1518023","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1518023","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-11-24T13:38:25Z","dateModified":"2024-11-23T22:18:31Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/9f\/Maguindanao_in_Philippines.svg","headline":"2009 political violence in the Philippines"}</script> </body> </html>