CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Likud - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"8815fb0d-181f-4930-9df5-6b6586f4bb05","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Likud","wgTitle":"Likud","wgCurRevisionId":1274936464,"wgRevisionId":1274936464,"wgArticleId":206984,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 Austrian German-language sources (de-at)","CS1 uses Hebrew-language script (he)","CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he)","CS1 maint: archived copy as title","CS1 maint: url-status","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages","Use dmy dates from October 2021","Articles containing Hebrew-language text","Articles containing Arabic-language text", "All articles lacking reliable references","Articles lacking reliable references from October 2023","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014","All articles containing potentially dated statements","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022","Articles with unsourced statements from November 2008","Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from August 2014","All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes","Articles to be expanded from March 2023","All articles to be expanded","Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022","Commons category link from Wikidata","Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl)","Likud","Political parties in Israel","Conservatism in Israel","European Conservatives and Reformists Group","Liberal conservative parties","Political parties established in 1973","Revisionist Zionism","Zionist political parties in Israel","Conservative parties in Israel","National liberal parties","Betar", "Liberal parties in Israel","National conservative parties","Right-wing populist parties","1973 establishments in Israel","Right-wing populism in Israel","Right-wing politics in Israel","Right-wing parties in Asia","Words and phrases in Modern Hebrew"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Likud","wgRelevantArticleId":206984,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["extendedconfirmed"],"wgRestrictionMove":["extendedconfirmed"],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false, "wgWMEPageLength":100000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q187009","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage": "ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Likud.svg/1200px-Flag_of_the_Likud.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="873"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Likud.svg/800px-Flag_of_the_Likud.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="582"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Likud.svg/640px-Flag_of_the_Likud.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="465"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Likud - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Likud rootpage-Likud skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages">Special pages</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Likud" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Likud" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Likud" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Likud" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Formation_and_leadership_of_Begin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation_and_leadership_of_Begin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Formation and leadership of Begin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation_and_leadership_of_Begin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shamir_and_Netanyahu's_first_term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shamir_and_Netanyahu's_first_term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Shamir and Netanyahu's first term </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shamir_and_Netanyahu's_first_term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sharon_and_Kadima_split" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sharon_and_Kadima_split"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Sharon and Kadima split </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sharon_and_Kadima_split-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netanyahu's_second_term" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netanyahu's_second_term"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Netanyahu's second term </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netanyahu's_second_term-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Partnership_with_Yisrael_Beitenu_and_2015_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partnership_with_Yisrael_Beitenu_and_2015_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.1 Partnership with Yisrael Beitenu and 2015 election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partnership_with_Yisrael_Beitenu_and_2015_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2019–2022_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2019–2022_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 2019–2022 elections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2019–2022_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ideological_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ideological_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Ideological positions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ideological_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Ideological positions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Ideological_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Territory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Territory </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Territory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Palestinians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Palestinians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Palestinians </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Palestinians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Foreign policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composition_(1973–1988)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composition_(1973–1988)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Composition (1973–1988) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composition_(1973–1988)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Leaders </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leaders-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Leaders subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Leader_election_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leader_election_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Leader election process </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leader_election_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_list_selection_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_list_selection_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Party list selection process </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_list_selection_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_MKs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_MKs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Current MKs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_MKs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_organs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_organs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Party organs </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Party_organs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Party organs subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Party_organs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Likud_Executive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Likud_Executive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Likud Executive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Likud_Executive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Likud_Central_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Likud_Central_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Likud Central Committee </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Likud_Central_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Likud_Secretariat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Likud_Secretariat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Likud Secretariat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Likud_Secretariat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Likud_Court" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Likud_Court"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Likud Court </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Likud_Court-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_Advisor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_Advisor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Legal Advisor </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_Advisor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Likud_Youth_Movement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Likud_Youth_Movement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Likud Youth Movement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Likud_Youth_Movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Election results </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Election results subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Knesset" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Knesset"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Knesset </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Knesset-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_minister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Prime minister </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prime_minister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Likud</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" > 64 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likoed" title="Likoed – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Likoed" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AF" title="ليكود – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليكود" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6" title="লিকুদ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লিকুদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Лікуд – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лікуд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Ликуд – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ликуд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likoud" title="Likoud – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Likoud" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84_-_%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A6%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF_%CE%9A%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Λικούντ - Εθνικό Φιλελεύθερο Κίνημα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λικούντ - Εθνικό Φιλελεύθερο Κίνημα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF" title="لیکود – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لیکود" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likoud" title="Likoud – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Likoud" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%BF%A0%EB%93%9C" title="리쿠드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리쿠드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1" title="लिकुड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लिकुड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93" title="הליכוד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הליכוד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ლიკუდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლიკუდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Ликуд – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ликуд" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1" title="लिकुड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लिकुड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AF" title="الليكود – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الليكود" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Ликуд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ликуд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likoed" title="Likoed – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Likoed" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="リクード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リクード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Ликуд – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ликуд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Ликуд – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ликуд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Лікуд – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лікуд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF" title="لیکود – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لیکود" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likud" title="Likud – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Likud" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%93%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%9A" title="利库德党 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="利库德党" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93" title="ליכוד – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ליכוד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%AB%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="利庫德集團 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="利庫德集團" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%93%E5%BE%B7%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="利库德集团 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="利库德集团" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q187009#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Likud" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Likud" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Likud">Read</a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e">View source</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Likud">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit">View source</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Likud" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Likud" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likud&oldid=1274936464" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Likud&id=1274936464&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLikud">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLikud">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Likud&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Likud&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Likud" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Likud" hreflang="en">Wikinews</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q187009" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#extended" title="This article is extended-confirmed-protected"><img alt="Extended-protected article" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Extended-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Extended-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Major Israeli right-wing political party</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #1f5aa5; border-bottom:2px solid #1f5aa5; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Likud – National Liberal Movement</div> <div style="font-size: 0.8em; padding-top:0.3em;" class="nickname"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style>הליכוד – תנועה לאומית ליברלית‎</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Likud_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Likud_Logo.svg/200px-Likud_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Likud_Logo.svg/300px-Likud_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Likud_Logo.svg/400px-Likud_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="92" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_chair" title="Party chair">Chairperson</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">1973 (alliance) 1988 (unified party)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Merger of</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Gahal" title="Gahal">Gahal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Herut" title="Herut">Herut</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party (Israel)">Liberal Party</a>), <a href="/wiki/Free_Centre" title="Free Centre">Free Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_List" title="National List">National List</a> and <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Greater_Israel" title="Movement for Greater Israel">Movement for Greater Israel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Metzudat_Ze%27ev" title="Metzudat Ze'ev">Metzudat Ze'ev</a> 38 <a href="/wiki/King_George_Street_(Tel_Aviv)" title="King George Street (Tel Aviv)">King George Street</a> <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Likud Youth</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Membership <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>(2012)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">125,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">Social conservatism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_conservatism" title="National conservatism">National conservatism</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_liberalism" title="Economic liberalism">Economic liberalism</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing populism</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-7">[7]</a></li><li>Historical:</li><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal conservatism</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Zionism" title="Revisionist Zionism">Revisionist Zionism</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes1-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2-10">[10]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">Right-wing</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_political_party" title="European political party">European affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Party" title="European Conservatives and Reformists Party">European Conservatives and Reformists Party</a> (global partner)<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <a href="/wiki/Patriots.eu" title="Patriots.eu">Patriots.eu</a> (observer)<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">International affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Democracy_Union" title="International Democracy Union">International Democracy Union</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style>  <a href="/wiki/Blue" title="Blue">Blue</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">32 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Most MKs</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">48 (1981)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Election symbol</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095">מחל‎ <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style>م‌ح‌ل‎ <a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Party flag</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Likud.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Likud.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Likud.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Likud.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Likud.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Likud.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Likud.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.likud.org.il/en/">www.likud.org.il/en/</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187009#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #1f5aa5;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Israel" title="Politics of Israel">Politics of Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Israel" title="List of political parties in Israel">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Israel" title="Elections in Israel">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Likud (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: הַלִּיכּוּד, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: HaLikud, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr> 'The Consolidation'), officially known as Likud – National Liberal Movement (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: הַלִּיכּוּד – תנועה לאומית ליברלית, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Hebrew" title="Romanization of Hebrew">romanized</a>: HaLikud – Tnu'ah Leumit Liberalit), is a major <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right-wing</a> political party in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> It was founded in 1973 by <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> in an alliance with several right-wing parties. Likud's landslide victory in the <a href="/wiki/1977_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1977 Israeli legislative election">1977 elections</a> was a major turning point in the country's political history, marking the first time the left had lost power. In addition, it was the first time in Israel that a right-wing party received the most votes.<a href="#cite_note-bsisu12-26">[26]</a> After ruling the country for most of the 1980s, the party lost the <a href="/wiki/1992_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1992 Israeli legislative election">Knesset election in 1992</a>. Likud's candidate <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> won the vote for <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Israel" title="Prime Minister of Israel">prime minister</a> in <a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Israeli prime ministerial election">1996</a> and was given the task of forming a government after the <a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Israeli legislative election">1996 elections</a> following <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzak Rabin's</a> assassination. Netanyahu's government fell apart after a vote of no confidence, which led to elections being called in <a href="/wiki/1999_Israeli_general_election" title="1999 Israeli general election">1999</a> and Likud losing power to the <a href="/wiki/One_Israel" title="One Israel">One Israel</a> coalition led by <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Barak" title="Ehud Barak">Ehud Barak</a>. In 2001 Likud's <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a>, who replaced Netanyahu following the 1999 election, defeated Barak in an <a href="/wiki/2001_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election" title="2001 Israeli prime ministerial election">election</a> called by the prime minister following his resignation. After the party recorded a convincing win in the <a href="/wiki/2003_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2003 Israeli legislative election">2003 elections</a>, Likud saw a major split in 2005 when Sharon left to form the <a href="/wiki/Kadima" title="Kadima">Kadima</a> party. This resulted in Likud slumping to fourth place in the <a href="/wiki/2006_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2006 Israeli legislative election">2006 elections</a> and losing 28 seats in the Knesset. Following the <a href="/wiki/2009_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2009 Israeli legislative election">2009 elections</a>, Likud was able to gain 15 seats, and, with Netanyahu back in control of the party, formed a coalition with fellow right-wing parties <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Beiteinu" title="Yisrael Beiteinu">Yisrael Beiteinu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shas" title="Shas">Shas</a> to take control of the government from Kadima, which earned a plurality, but not a majority. Netanyahu served as prime minister from then until 2021. Likud had been the leading vote-getter in each subsequent election until <a href="/wiki/April_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="April 2019 Israeli legislative election">April 2019</a>, when Likud tied with <a href="/wiki/Blue_and_White_(political_alliance)" title="Blue and White (political alliance)">Blue and White</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> and <a href="/wiki/September_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="September 2019 Israeli legislative election">September 2019</a>, when Blue and White won one more seat than the Likud.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Likud won the most seats at the <a href="/wiki/2020_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2020 Israeli legislative election">2020</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> and <a href="/wiki/2021_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2021 Israeli legislative election">2021</a> elections, but Netanyahu was removed from power in June 2021 by an unprecedented coalition led by <a href="/wiki/Yair_Lapid" title="Yair Lapid">Yair Lapid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naftali_Bennett" title="Naftali Bennett">Naftali Bennett</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> He subsequently returned to the office of prime minister after winning the <a href="/wiki/2022_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2022 Israeli legislative election">2022 election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> A member of the party is called a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Likudnik" class="extiw" title="wikt:Likudnik">Likudnik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: לִכּוּדְנִיק)<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> and the party's election symbol is מחל (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: م‌ح‌ل), reflecting the party's origins as an <a href="/wiki/Electoral_list" title="Electoral list">electoral list</a> of several pre-existing parties, including those who used the symbols מ, ח and ל.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_and_leadership_of_Begin">Formation and leadership of Begin</h3></div> The Likud was formed on 13 September 1973 as a <a href="/wiki/Secular" class="mw-redirect" title="Secular">secular</a> party<a href="#cite_note-Israelin3-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> by an alliance of several right-wing parties prior to that year's <a href="/wiki/1973_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1973 Israeli legislative election">legislative election</a>—<a href="/wiki/Herut" title="Herut">Herut</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party (Israel)">Liberal Party</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Free_Centre" title="Free Centre">Free Centre</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_List" title="National List">National List</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Greater_Israel" title="Movement for Greater Israel">Movement for Greater Israel</a>. Herut had been the nation's largest right-wing party since growing out of the <a href="/wiki/Irgun" title="Irgun">Irgun</a> in 1948. It had already been in coalition with the Liberals since 1965 as <a href="/wiki/Gahal" title="Gahal">Gahal</a>, with Herut as the senior partner. Herut remained the senior partner in the new grouping, which was given the name Likud, meaning "Consolidation", as it represented the consolidation of the Israeli right.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> It worked as a coalition under Herut's leadership until 1988, when the member parties merged into a single party under the Likud name.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> From its establishment in 1973, Likud enjoyed great support from blue-collar <a href="/wiki/Sephardim" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardim">Sephardim</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> In its first election Likud won 39 seats, reducing the Alignment's lead to 12.<a href="#cite_note-:12-40">[40]</a> The party went on to win the <a href="/wiki/1977_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1977 Israeli legislative election">1977 election</a> with 43 seats, finishing 11 seats ahead of the Alignment. <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> formed <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_government_of_Israel" title="Eighteenth government of Israel">a government</a> with the support of the religious parties, consigning the left wing to opposition for the first time since independence.<a href="#cite_note-:22-41">[41]</a> A former leader of the hard-line paramilitary <a href="/wiki/Irgun" title="Irgun">Irgun</a>,<a href="#cite_note-haaretz7jul112-42">[42]</a> Begin signed the 1978 <a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a><a href="#cite_note-TEXTOFACCORDS2-43">[43]</a> and the 1979 <a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty" title="Egypt–Israel peace treaty">Egypt–Israel peace treaty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AccTxt2-44">[44]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/1981_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1981 Israeli legislative election">1981 election</a>, the Likud won 48 seats, but formed a <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_government_of_Israel" title="Nineteenth government of Israel">narrower government</a> than in 1977.<a href="#cite_note-:32-45">[45]</a> Likud has long been a loose alliance between politicians committed to different and sometimes opposing policy preferences and ideologies.<a href="#cite_note-Hirschl3-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The 1981 election highlighted divisions that existed between the populist wing of Likud, headed by <a href="/wiki/David_Levy_(Israeli_politician)" title="David Levy (Israeli politician)">David Levy</a> of Herut, and the Liberal wing,<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> who represented a policy agenda of the secular bourgeoisie.<a href="#cite_note-Hirschl3-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shamir_and_Netanyahu's_first_term">Shamir and Netanyahu's first term</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Menachem_Begin,_Andrews_AFB,_1978.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG/180px-Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG/270px-Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG/360px-Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Likud founder <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a></figcaption></figure> On 28 August 1983 Begin announced his intention to resign as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Israel" title="Prime Minister of Israel">prime minister</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> He was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Shamir" title="Yitzhak Shamir">Yitzhak Shamir</a>, a former commander of the <a href="/wiki/Lehi_(militant_group)" title="Lehi (militant group)">Lehi</a> underground, who defeated <a href="/wiki/Deputy_prime_minister_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy prime minister of Israel">Deputy Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Levy_(Israeli_politician)" title="David Levy (Israeli politician)">David Levy</a> in a <a href="/wiki/1983_Herut_leadership_election" title="1983 Herut leadership election">leadership election</a> held by Herut's central committee.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Shamir was seen as a hard-liner, who opposed the Camp David accords and <a href="/wiki/Israeli_occupation_of_Southern_Lebanon" title="Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon">Israel's withdrawal from Southern Lebanon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> The party won 41 seats in the <a href="/wiki/1984_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1984 Israeli legislative election">1984 election</a>, less than the Alignment's 44. The Alignment was unable to form a government on its own, leading to the formation of a <a href="/wiki/Rotation_government" title="Rotation government">rotation government</a>, led jointly by the Alignment and Likud. <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a> became the prime minister, with Shamir becoming the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)">foreign minister</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> In October 1986, the two switched posts.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> The Likud won the <a href="/wiki/1988_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1988 Israeli legislative election">1988 election</a>, defeating the Alignment by a one-seat Margin. The two parties formed <a href="/wiki/Twenty-third_government_of_Israel" title="Twenty-third government of Israel">another government</a>, in which Shamir served as prime minister without a rotation.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> In 1990 Peres withdrew from the government and led a successful <a href="/wiki/Vote_of_no_confidence" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote of no confidence">vote of no confidence</a> against it,<a href="#cite_note-cabinetis2-56">[56]</a> in what became known as <a href="/wiki/The_dirty_trick" title="The dirty trick">the dirty trick</a>. Shamir formed <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_government_of_Israel" title="Twenty-fourth government of Israel">a new government</a> with right-wing parties, which served until the <a href="/wiki/1992_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1992 Israeli legislative election">1992 election</a>, in which the Likud was defeated by <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Labor_Party" title="Israeli Labor Party">Labor Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Shamir stepped down as Likud leader after losing the election in March 1993.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> To replace him, the party held its <a href="/wiki/1993_Likud_leadership_election" title="1993 Likud leadership election">first primary election</a>,<a href="#cite_note-AP25mar2-59">[59]</a> in which former <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Representative_of_Israel_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations">United Nations Ambassador</a> <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> defeated <a href="/wiki/David_Levy_(Israeli_politician)" title="David Levy (Israeli politician)">David Levy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benny_Begin" title="Benny Begin">Benny Begin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Katsav" title="Moshe Katsav">Moshe Katsav</a>, becoming the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Israel)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Israel)">Leader of the Opposition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In 1995, following the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin">assassination of Yitzhak Rabin</a>, Shimon Peres, his temporary successor, decided to call early elections in order to give the government a mandate to advance the peace process.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_general_election" title="1996 Israeli general election">election</a> was held in May 1996, and included a direct vote for the prime minister in which Netanyahu narrowly defeated Peres, becoming the new prime minister.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Likud-Tzomet.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Likud-Tzomet.png/220px-Likud-Tzomet.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Likud-Tzomet.png/330px-Likud-Tzomet.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Likud-Tzomet.png/440px-Likud-Tzomet.png 2x" data-file-width="1343" data-file-height="315" /></a><figcaption>Logo of the Likud-Tzomet List from the <a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Israeli legislative election">1996 election</a></figcaption></figure> In 1998 Netanyahu agreed to cede territory in the <a href="/wiki/Wye_River_Memorandum" title="Wye River Memorandum">Wye River Memorandum</a>, which led some Likud MKs, led by <a href="/wiki/Benny_Begin" title="Benny Begin">Benny Begin</a> (Menachem Begin's son), <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kleiner" title="Michael Kleiner">Michael Kleiner</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Re%27em" title="David Re'em">David Re'em</a>, to break away and form a new party, named <a href="/wiki/Herut_%E2%80%93_The_National_Movement" title="Herut – The National Movement">Herut – The National Movement</a>. The new party was endorsed by Yitzhak Shamir, who expressed disappointment in Netanyahu's leadership.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Following the withdrawal of his remaining partners, Netanyahu's coalition collapsed in December 1998, resulting in the <a href="/wiki/1999_Israeli_legislative_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 Israeli legislative election">1999 election</a>,<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> where Labor's <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Barak" title="Ehud Barak">Ehud Barak</a> defeated Netanyahu on a platform promoting the settlement of final status issues. Following his defeat, Netanyahu stepped down as leader of Likud.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> That September, former <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defense_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Defense (Israel)">Defense Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> won a <a href="/wiki/September_1999_Likud_leadership_election" title="September 1999 Likud leadership election">leadership election</a> to replace Netanyahu, defeating Jerusalem Mayor <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Olmert" title="Ehud Olmert">Ehud Olmert</a> and former <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Finance (Israel)">Finance Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Meir_Sheetrit" title="Meir Sheetrit">Meir Sheetrit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lavie-69">[69]</a> Barak's government collapsed in December 2000,<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> several months after the <a href="/wiki/2000_Camp_David_Summit" title="2000 Camp David Summit">Camp David Summit</a> ended without an agreement,<a href="#cite_note-tri-71">[71]</a> and <a href="/wiki/2001_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election" title="2001 Israeli prime ministerial election">early elections for Prime Minister</a> were called for February 2001, in which Sharon decisively defeated Barak.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> In 2002 Netanyahu challenged Sharon in a <a href="/wiki/2002_Likud_leadership_election" title="2002 Likud leadership election">leadership election</a>, but was defeated.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">unreliable source?</a>] During Sharon's tenure, Likud faced an internal split due to Sharon's policy of <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon%27s_unilateral_disengagement_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariel Sharon's unilateral disengagement plan">unilateral disengagement</a> from Gaza and parts of the West Bank, which proved extremely divisive within the party.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sharon_and_Kadima_split">Sharon and Kadima split</h3></div> Sharon's <a href="/wiki/Israel%27s_unilateral_disengagement_plan_of_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel's unilateral disengagement plan of 2004">Disengagement Plan</a> alienated him from some Likud supporters and fragmented the party.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> He faced several serious challenges to his authority shortly before his departure. The first was in March 2005, when he and Netanyahu, then his finance minister, proposed a budget plan that met fierce opposition from the opposition and parties to the Likud's right. The plan passed the Knesset's finance committee by a one-vote margin,<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> before being approved by the Knesset by a wider margin later that month.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The second was in September 2005, when Sharon's critics in the Likud, led by Netanyahu, forced a vote in the Likud's central committee on a proposal for an early leadership election, which was defeated by 52% to 48%.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> In November, Sharon's opponents within the Likud joined with the opposition to prevent the appointment of three of his associates to the Cabinet, successfully preventing the appointment of two.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> On 20 November 2005 <a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor Party (Israel)">Labor</a> announced its withdrawal from Sharon's governing coalition following the <a href="/wiki/2005_Israeli_Labor_Party_leadership_election" title="2005 Israeli Labor Party leadership election">election</a> of the left-wing <a href="/wiki/Amir_Peretz" title="Amir Peretz">Amir Peretz</a> as its leader.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> On 21 November 2005, Sharon announced he would be leaving the Likud and forming a new centrist party, <a href="/wiki/Kadima" title="Kadima">Kadima</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The new party included both Likud and Labor supporters of unilateral disengagement. Sharon also announced that an <a href="/wiki/2006_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2006 Israeli legislative election">election</a> would take place in early 2006. Seven candidates had declared themselves as contenders to replace Sharon as leader: Netanyahu,<a href="#cite_note-:9-83">[83]</a> <a href="/wiki/Uzi_Landau" title="Uzi Landau">Uzi Landau</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:2-84">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Shaul_Mofaz" title="Shaul Mofaz">Shaul Mofaz</a>,<a href="#cite_note-:3-85">[85]</a> <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Katz_(politician_born_1955)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yisrael Katz (politician born 1955)">Yisrael Katz</a>,<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <a href="/wiki/Silvan_Shalom" title="Silvan Shalom">Silvan Shalom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Feiglin" title="Moshe Feiglin">Moshe Feiglin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:10-87">[87]</a> Landau and Mofaz later withdrew, the former in favour of Netanyahu<a href="#cite_note-:4-88">[88]</a> and the latter to join Kadima.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netanyahu's_second_term">Netanyahu's second term</h3></div> Netanyahu went on to win a <a href="/wiki/2005_Likud_leadership_election" title="2005 Likud leadership election">leadership election</a> to replace Sharon in December, obtaining 44.4% of the vote. Shalom came in a second with 33%, while far-right candidate <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Feiglin" title="Moshe Feiglin">Moshe Feiglin</a> achieved 12.4% of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> Due to Shalom's performance, Netanyahu guaranteed him the second place on the party's list of Knesset candidates.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Polls before the 2006 election showed a substantial reduction in the Likud's support, with Kadima achieving a dominant polling lead.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Likudtruck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Likudtruck.jpg/220px-Likudtruck.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Likudtruck.jpg/330px-Likudtruck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Likudtruck.jpg/440px-Likudtruck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>A truck canvassing for Likud in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> in advance of the <a href="/wiki/2006_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2006 Israeli legislative election">2006 election</a></figcaption></figure> In January 2006 Sharon suffered a stroke that left him in a vegetative state, leading to his replacement as Kadima leader by Ehud Olmert,<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> who led Kadima to victory in the election, winning 29 seats. The Likud experienced a substantial loss in support, coming in fourth place and winning only 12, while other right-wing nationalist parties such as <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Beiteinu" title="Yisrael Beiteinu">Yisrael Beiteinu</a>, which came within 116 votes of overtaking Likud, gained votes.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> After the election, Netanyahu was re-elected Likud Leader in <a href="/wiki/2007_Likud_leadership_election" title="2007 Likud leadership election">2007</a>, defeating Feiglin and World Likud Chairman <a href="/wiki/Danny_Danon" title="Danny Danon">Danny Danon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Following the opening of several criminal investigations against Olmert,<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> he resigned as prime minister on 21 September 2008 and retired from politics.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/2009_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2009 Israeli legislative election">ensuing snap election</a>, held in 2009, Likud won 27 seats, the second-largest number of seats and one seat less than Kadima, now led by <a href="/wiki/Tzipi_Livni" title="Tzipi Livni">Tzipi Livni</a>. However, Likud's allies won enough seats to allow Netanyahu to form a government, which included Likud, Yisrael Beiteinu, <a href="/wiki/Shas" title="Shas">Shas</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Torah_Judaism" title="United Torah Judaism">United Torah Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Home" title="The Jewish Home">The Jewish Home</a>, and Labor.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Labor left the coalition in 2011 after party leader Ehud Barak left to form his own party, <a href="/wiki/Independence_(Israeli_political_party)" title="Independence (Israeli political party)">Independence</a>, that remained a member of Netanyahu's government.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> The next year, Netanyahu was <a href="/wiki/2012_Likud_leadership_election" title="2012 Likud leadership election">re-elected</a> as Likud leader, defeating Moshe Feiglin.<a href="#cite_note-result-104">[104]</a> Kadima then joined the coalition in May 2012 before leaving in July.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Following Kadima's withdrawal from the government and amid disagreements related to the 2013 budget, the Knesset was dissolved in October 2012 and a <a href="/wiki/2013_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2013 Israeli legislative election">snap election</a> was called for January 2013.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Partnership_with_Yisrael_Beitenu_and_2015_election">Partnership with Yisrael Beitenu and 2015 election</h4></div> Several days after the election was called on 25 October 2012, Netanyahu and Yisrael Beitenu leader <a href="/wiki/Avigdor_Lieberman" title="Avigdor Lieberman">Avigdor Lieberman</a> announced that their respective political parties would run together on a single ballot in the election under the name <a href="/wiki/Likud_Yisrael_Beiteinu" title="Likud Yisrael Beiteinu">Likud Yisrael Beiteinu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> The move led to speculation that Lieberman would eventually seek the leadership of Likud after he stated that he "wanted to become the Prime Minister".<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Several days before the election, Lieberman said the parties would not merge, and that their direct partnership would end after the election.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The partnership ultimately lasted until July 2014, when it officially dissolved.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> In the 2013 elections the Likud–Yisrael Beiteinu alliance won 31 seats, 20 of which were Likud members.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> The second largest party, <a href="/wiki/Yair_Lapid" title="Yair Lapid">Yair Lapid</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Yesh_Atid" title="Yesh Atid">Yesh Atid</a>, won 19.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Netanyahu continued as prime minister after forming a coalition with Yesh Atid, the Jewish Home, and <a href="/wiki/Hatnuah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatnuah">Hatnuah</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The government collapsed in December 2014 due to disagreements over the budget and the proposed <a href="/wiki/Basic_Law:_Israel_as_the_Nation-State_of_the_Jewish_People" title="Basic Law: Israel as the Nation-State of the Jewish People">Nation-state bill</a>,<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> triggering a <a href="/wiki/2015_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2015 Israeli legislative election">snap election</a> the next year.<a href="#cite_note-TOI2-116">[116]</a> Likud won the 2015 election, defeating the <a href="/wiki/Zionist_Union" title="Zionist Union">Zionist Union</a>, an alliance of Labor and Hatnuah, winning 30 seats to the Zionist Union's 24.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> The party subsequently formed a government with United Torah Judaism, Shas, <a href="/wiki/Kulanu" title="Kulanu">Kulanu</a>, and the Jewish Home.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> In May 2016, Yisrael Beitenu joined the government,<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> before leaving in December 2018, causing Netanyahu to call a snap election for <a href="/wiki/April_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="April 2019 Israeli legislative election">April 2019</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2019–2022_elections">2019–2022 elections</h3></div> During the course of the <a href="/wiki/April_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="April 2019 Israeli legislative election">April 2019 Israeli legislative election</a> campaign, Likud facilitated the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Right-Wing_Parties" title="Union of Right-Wing Parties">Union of Right-Wing Parties</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Home" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Home">Jewish Home</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tkuma_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tkuma (political party)">Tkuma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otzma_Yehudit" title="Otzma Yehudit">Otzma Yehudit</a> by providing a slot on its own electoral list to Jewish Home candidate <a href="/wiki/Eli_Ben-Dahan" title="Eli Ben-Dahan">Eli Ben-Dahan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> In the aftermath of the election, <a href="/wiki/Kulanu" title="Kulanu">Kulanu</a> merged into Likud.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/September_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="September 2019 Israeli legislative election">September 2019 Israeli legislative election</a> campaign, Likud agreed to a deal with <a href="/wiki/Zehut" title="Zehut">Zehut</a>, whereby the latter party would drop out of the election and endorse Likud in exchange for a ministerial post for its leader, <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Feiglin" title="Moshe Feiglin">Moshe Feiglin</a>, as well as policy concessions.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> Prior to the <a href="/wiki/2020_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2020 Israeli legislative election">2020 Israeli legislative election</a> <a href="/wiki/Gideon_Sa%27ar" title="Gideon Sa'ar">Gideon Sa'ar</a> unsuccessfully challenged Netanyahu for the Likud leadership.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> In December of that year, Sa'ar left Likud, along with four other Likud MKs, to form <a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Israel)" title="New Hope (Israel)">New Hope</a>.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Prior to the <a href="/wiki/2021_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2021 Israeli legislative election">2021 Israeli legislative election</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gesher_(2019_political_party)" title="Gesher (2019 political party)">Gesher</a> merged into Likud, receiving a slot on its electoral list.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> 2021 marked the first time that Likud put a Muslim on its slate, choosing Muslim school principal Nail Zoabi for 39th on its slate.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Likud also facilitated the formation of a joint list between the <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionist_Party" title="Religious Zionist Party">Religious Zionist Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otzma_Yehudit" title="Otzma Yehudit">Otzma Yehudit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Noam_(political_party)" title="Noam (political party)">Noam</a> by providing the Religious Zionist Party a slot on the Likud list.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> On 14 June, after the swearing-in of the 36th government, <a href="/wiki/Ofir_Sofer" title="Ofir Sofer">Ofir Sofer</a> who held the slot, split from the Likud faction and returned to the Religious Zionist Party, decreasing the Likud faction by one to 29 seats in the Knesset.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Likud won the most seats in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2022 Israeli legislative election">2022 Israeli legislative election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ideological_positions">Ideological positions</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #154E9D; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_Israel" title="Category:Conservatism in Israel">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#154E9D; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_Israel" title="Conservatism in Israel">Conservatism in Israel</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Israel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="1071" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Judaism" title="Conservative Judaism">Conservative Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_conservatism" title="Jewish conservatism">Jewish conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_fundamentalism" title="Jewish fundamentalism">Jewish fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kahanism" title="Kahanism">Kahanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious conservatism">Religious conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Zionism" title="Cultural Zionism">Cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_conceptions_of_Jewish_identity_in_Zionism" title="Racial conceptions of Jewish identity in Zionism">Ethnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nietzschean_Zionism" title="Nietzschean Zionism">Nietzschean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Zionism" title="Neo-Zionism">Neo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Zionism" title="Revisionist Zionism">Revisionist</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">Agrarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_worship" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancestral worship">Ancestral worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Arabism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Arabism">Anti-Arabism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Palestinianism" title="Anti-Palestinianism">Anti-Palestinianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Iranian_sentiment" title="Anti-Iranian sentiment">Anti-Iranian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Islamism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Islamism">Anti-Islamism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authority" title="Authority">Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clericalism" title="Clericalism">Clericalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familialism" title="Familialism">Familialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revival_of_the_Hebrew_language" title="Revival of the Hebrew language">Hebrew revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeland_for_the_Jewish_people" title="Homeland for the Jewish people">Homeland for the Jewish people</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Irredentism" title="Irredentism">Irredentism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Israel" title="Greater Israel">Greater Israel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlement" title="Israeli settlement">Israeli settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_culture" title="Jewish culture">Jewish culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_state" title="Jewish state">Jewish state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Judeo-Christianity">Judeo-Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian_ethics" title="Judeo-Christian ethics">Judeo-Christian ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halachic_state" title="Halachic state">Halachic state</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_supremacism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish supremacism">Jewish supremacism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jews_as_the_chosen_people" title="Jews as the chosen people">Chosen people</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_ethics" title="Jewish ethics">Jewish values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Return" title="Law of Return">Law of Return</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aliyah#Zionist_aliyah_(1882_on)" title="Aliyah">Aliyah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militarism" title="Militarism">Militarism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Begin_Doctrine" title="Begin Doctrine">Begin Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadna_(Israel)" title="Gadna (Israel)">Gadna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalism" title="Natalism">Natalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_nationalism" title="Cultural nationalism">Cultural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_nationalism#Judaism" title="Religious nationalism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultranationalism" title="Ultranationalism">Ultra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Property rights">Property rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">Theocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Temple" title="Third Temple">Third Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Oaths" title="Three Oaths">Three Oaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Eldad" title="Israel Eldad">Eldad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitzchak_Ginsburgh" title="Yitzchak Ginsburgh">Ginsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahad_Ha%27am" title="Ahad Ha'am">Ha'am</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoram_Hazony" title="Yoram Hazony">Hazony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ze%27ev_Jabotinsky" title="Ze'ev Jabotinsky">Jabotinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Kahane" title="Meir Kahane">Kahane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Klein" title="Aaron Klein">Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Isaac_Kook" title="Abraham Isaac Kook">Kook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuval_Levin" title="Yuval Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Lieberman" title="Saul Lieberman">Lieberman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ruppin" title="Arthur Ruppin">Ruppin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Samson_(rabbi)" title="David Samson (rabbi)">Samson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natan_Sharansky" title="Natan Sharansky">Sharansky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Talmon" title="Jacob Talmon">Talmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovadia_Yosef" title="Ovadia Yosef">Yosef</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Begin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itamar_Ben-Gvir" title="Itamar Ben-Gvir">Ben-Gvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftali_Bennett" title="Naftali Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Dayan" title="Moshe Dayan">Dayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuli_Edelstein" title="Yuli Edelstein">Edelstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effi_Eitam" title="Effi Eitam">Eitam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meir_Kahane" title="Meir Kahane">Kahane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avigdor_Lieberman" title="Avigdor Lieberman">Lieberman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Netanyahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafi_Peretz" title="Rafi Peretz">Peretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayelet_Shaked" title="Ayelet Shaked">Shaked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Shamir" title="Yitzhak Shamir">Shamir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezalel_Smotrich" title="Bezalel Smotrich">Smotrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovadia_Yosef" title="Ovadia Yosef">Yosef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehavam_Ze%27evi" title="Rehavam Ze'evi">Ze'evi</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Iron_Wall_(essay)" title="Iron Wall (essay)">Iron Wall</a>" (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Case_for_Israel" title="The Case for Israel">The Case for Israel</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defending_Identity" title="Defending Identity">Defending Identity</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Virtue_of_Nationalism" title="The Virtue of Nationalism">The Virtue of Nationalism</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism:_A_Rediscovery" title="Conservatism: A Rediscovery">Conservatism: A Rediscovery</a> (2022)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist">Active <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agudat_Yisrael" title="Agudat Yisrael">Agudat Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degel_HaTorah" title="Degel HaTorah">Degel HaTorah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Likud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Party%E2%80%93Religious_Zionism" title="National Religious Party–Religious Zionism">National Religious Party–Religious Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Israel)" title="New Hope (Israel)">New Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Right_(Israel)" title="New Right (Israel)">New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_(political_party)" title="Noam (political party)">Noam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otzma_Yehudit" title="Otzma Yehudit">Otzma Yehudit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shas" title="Shas">Shas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Beiteinu" title="Yisrael Beiteinu">Yisrael Beiteinu</a></li></ul> Defunct <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahi_(political_party)" title="Ahi (political party)">Ahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eretz_Yisrael_Shelanu" title="Eretz Yisrael Shelanu">Eretz Yisrael Shelanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatikva_(political_party)" title="Hatikva (political party)">Hatikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatzohar" title="Hatzohar">Hatzohar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herut" title="Herut">Herut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Home" title="The Jewish Home">The Jewish Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kach_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kach (political party)">Kach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moledet" title="Moledet">Moledet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Party" title="National Religious Party">National Religious Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionist_Party" title="Religious Zionist Party">Religious Zionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehiya" title="Tehiya">Tehiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_BaAliyah" title="Yisrael BaAliyah">Yisrael BaAliyah</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Alliances</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_(Israel)" title="National Union (Israel)">National Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_(Israel)" title="National Unity (Israel)">National Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Right-Wing_Parties" title="Union of Right-Wing Parties">Union of Right-Wing Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Torah_Judaism" title="United Torah Judaism">United Torah Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamina" title="Yamina">Yamina</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist">Active <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betar" title="Betar">Betar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilltop_Youth" title="Hilltop Youth">Hilltop Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Im_Tirtzu" title="Im Tirtzu">Im Tirtzu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Zionist_Strategies" title="Institute for Zionist Strategies">Institute for Zionist Strategies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Internet_Defense_Force" title="Jewish Internet Defense Force">Jewish Internet Defense Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohelet_Policy_Forum" title="Kohelet Policy Forum">Kohelet Policy Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehava" title="Lehava">Lehava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machon_Meir" title="Machon Meir">Machon Meir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercaz_Olami" title="Mercaz Olami">Mercaz Olami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Israel" title="My Israel">My Israel</a></li></ul> Defunct <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gush_Emunim" title="Gush Emunim">Gush Emunim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irgun" title="Irgun">Irgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhigut_Yehudit" title="Manhigut Yehudit">Manhigut Yehudit</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arutz_Sheva" title="Arutz Sheva">Arutz Sheva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27Sheva" title="B'Sheva">B'Sheva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_14_(Israel)" title="Channel 14 (Israel)">Channel 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HaTzofe" title="HaTzofe">HaTzofe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I24NEWS_(Israeli_TV_channel)" title="I24NEWS (Israeli TV channel)">i24NEWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Hayom" title="Israel Hayom">Israel Hayom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makor_Rishon" title="Makor Rishon">Makor Rishon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mida_(website)" title="Mida (website)">Mida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jerusalem_Post" title="The Jerusalem Post">The Jerusalem Post</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #AAA; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antimilitarism" title="Antimilitarism">Antimilitarism in Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exemption_from_military_service_in_Israel" title="Exemption from military service in Israel">Non-conscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torato_Umanuto" title="Torato Umanuto">Torato Umanuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusal_to_serve_in_the_Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces">Refusal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics_in_Israel" title="Far-right politics in Israel">Far-right politics in Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredi Judaism</a></li> <li>Immigration to Israel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Israel" title="African immigration to Israel">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_and_Entry_into_Israel_Law" title="Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law">Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prevention_of_Infiltration_Law" title="Prevention of Infiltration Law">Prevention of Infiltration Law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_settler_violence" title="Israeli settler violence">Israeli settler violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_tag_attack_policy" title="Price tag attack policy">Price tag attack policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_political_movements" title="Jewish political movements">Jewish political movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_camp" title="National camp">National camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-state_solution" title="One-state solution">One-state solution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Israel" title="Politics of Israel">Politics of Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Israel" title="Liberalism in Israel">Liberalism in Israel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusenik" title="Refusenik">Refusenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torat_Eretz_Yisrael" title="Torat Eretz Yisrael">Torat Eretz Yisrael</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/16px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/24px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Israel" title="Portal:Israel">Israel portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_in_Israel" title="Template:Conservatism in Israel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_in_Israel" title="Template talk:Conservatism in Israel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_in_Israel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism in Israel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Likud emphasizes national security policy based on a strong military force when threatened with continued enmity against Israel. It has shown reluctance to negotiate with its neighbors whom it believes continue to seek the destruction of the Jewish state, that based on the <a href="/wiki/Begin_Doctrine" title="Begin Doctrine">principle of the party founder Menachem Begin</a> concerning the preventive policy to any potential attacks on State of Israel. Its suspicion of neighboring Arab nations' intentions, however, has not prevented the party from reaching agreements with Israel's neighbors, such as the 1979 peace treaty with Egypt. Likud's willingness to enter mutually accepted agreements with neighboring countries over the years is related to the formation of other right-wing parties. Like other right-wing parties in Israel, Likud politicians have sometimes criticized particular Supreme Court decisions, but it remains committed to rule of law principles that it hopes to entrench in a written constitution.<a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-24">[24]</a> As of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit">[update]</a>, the party remains divided between moderates and hard-liners.<a href="#cite_note-Federman-132">[132]</a> Likud is considered to be the leading party in the <a href="/wiki/National_camp" title="National camp">national camp</a> in Israeli politics.<a href="#cite_note-national-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Territory">Territory</h3></div> The original 1977 party platform stated that "<a href="/wiki/From_the_river_to_the_sea" title="From the river to the sea">between the Sea and the Jordan</a> there will only be Israeli sovereignty."<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> The 1999 Likud Party platform emphasized the right of settlement: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">The Jewish communities in Judea, Samaria, and Gaza are the realization of Zionist values. Settlement of the land is a clear expression of the unassailable right of the Jewish people to the Land of Israel and constitutes an important asset in the defense of the vital interests of the State of Israel. The Likud will continue to strengthen and develop these communities and will prevent their uprooting.<a href="#cite_note-platform-136">[136]</a></blockquote> Similarly, they claim the <a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a> as the permanent eastern border to Israel and it also claims Jerusalem as belonging to Israel. The 'Peace & Security' chapter of the 1999 Likud Party platform rejects a Palestinian state: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">The Government of Israel flatly rejects the establishment of a Palestinian Arab state west of the Jordan river. The Palestinians can run their lives freely in the framework of self-rule, but not as an independent and sovereign state. Thus, for example, in matters of foreign affairs, security, immigration, and ecology, their activity shall be limited in accordance with imperatives of Israel's existence, security and national needs.<a href="#cite_note-platform-136">[136]</a></blockquote> With Likud back in power, starting in 2009, <a href="/wiki/Israeli_foreign_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli foreign policy">Israeli foreign policy</a> is still under review. Likud leader Benjamin Netanyahu, in his "National Security" platform, neither endorsed nor ruled out the idea of a Palestinian state.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> According to Time, "Netanyahu has hinted that he does not oppose the creation of a Palestinian state, but aides say he must move cautiously because his religious-nationalist coalition partners refuse to give away land."<a href="#cite_note-mcgirk-138">[138]</a> On 14 June 2009, Netanyahu delivered a speech<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> at Bar-Ilan University (also known as "Bar-Ilan Speech"), at <a href="/wiki/Begin-Sadat_Center_for_Strategic_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies">Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies</a>, that was broadcast live in Israel and across parts of the <a href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab world</a>, on the topic of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_peace_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle East peace process">Middle East peace process</a>. He endorsed for the first time the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian state">Palestinian state</a> alongside Israel, with several conditions. However, on 16 March 2015, Netanyahu stated in the affirmative, that if he were elected, a Palestinian state would not be created.<a href="#cite_note-www.haaretz.com-140">[140]</a> Netanyahu argued, "anyone who goes to create today a Palestinian state and turns over land, is turning over land that will be used as a launching ground for attacks by Islamist extremists against the State of Israel."<a href="#cite_note-www.haaretz.com-140">[140]</a> Some take these statements to mean that Netanyahu and Likud oppose a Palestinian state. After having been criticised by U.S. White House Spokesperson Josh Earnest for the "divisive rhetoric" of his election campaign, on 19 March 2015, Netanyahu retreated to "I don't want a one-state solution. I want a peaceful, sustainable two-state solution. I have not changed my policy."<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> The Likud Constitution<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> of May 2014 is more vague and ambiguous. Though it contains commitments to the strengthening of Jewish settlement in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>, it does not explicitly rule out the establishment of a Palestinian state.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economy">Economy</h3></div> The Likud party claims to support a <a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">free market</a> <a href="/wiki/Capitalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitalist">capitalist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Economic_liberalism" title="Economic liberalism">liberal</a> agenda, though, in practice, it has mostly adopted <a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">mixed economic policies</a>. Under the guidance of <a href="/wiki/Finance_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Finance minister">finance minister</a> and current party leader <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a>, Likud pushed through legislation reducing <a href="/wiki/Value_added_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Value added tax">value added tax</a> (VAT), income and corporate taxes significantly, as well as <a href="/wiki/Customs_duty" class="mw-redirect" title="Customs duty">customs duty</a>. Likewise, it has instituted <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a> (especially with the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>) and dismantled certain <a href="/wiki/Monopolies" class="mw-redirect" title="Monopolies">monopolies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bezeq" title="Bezeq">Bezeq</a> and the seaports). Additionally, it has <a href="/wiki/Privatize" class="mw-redirect" title="Privatize">privatized</a> numerous government-owned companies (e.g. <a href="/wiki/El_Al" title="El Al">El Al</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bank_Leumi" title="Bank Leumi">Bank Leumi</a>), and has moved to privatize land in Israel, which until now has been held symbolically by the state in the name of the <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> people. Netanyahu was the most ardent free-market Israeli finance minister to date. He argued that Israel's largest <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">labor union</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Histadrut" title="Histadrut">Histadrut</a>, has so much power as to be capable of paralyzing the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli economy">Israeli economy</a>, and claimed that the main causes of <a href="/wiki/Unemployment" title="Unemployment">unemployment</a> are laziness and excessive benefits to the unemployed.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Under Netanyahu, Likud has and is likely to maintain a comparatively <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">fiscally conservative</a> economic stance. However, the party's economic policies vary widely among members, with some Likud MKs supporting more leftist economic positions that are more in line with popular preferences.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Palestinians">Palestinians</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this section is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a>. Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Likud" title="Talk:Likud">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>. (August 2014) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Likud has historically espoused opposition to Palestinian statehood and support of <a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlements" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli settlements">Israeli settlements</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>. However, it has also been the party that carried out the first peace agreements with Arab states. For instance, in 1979, Likud prime minister <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> signed the <a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a> with <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptian</a> President <a href="/wiki/Anwar_al-Sadat" class="mw-redirect" title="Anwar al-Sadat">Anwar al-Sadat</a>, which returned the <a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula" title="Sinai Peninsula">Sinai Peninsula</a> (occupied by Israel in the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a> of 1967) to Egypt in return for peace between the two countries. <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Shamir" title="Yitzhak Shamir">Yitzhak Shamir</a> was the first Israeli prime minister to meet Palestinian leaders at the <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Conference_of_1991" title="Madrid Conference of 1991">Madrid Conference</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Persian Gulf War</a> in 1991. However, Shamir refused to concede the idea of a Palestinian state, and as a result was blamed by some (including <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Baker" title="James Baker">James Baker</a>) for the failure of the summit.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> On 14 June 2009, as Prime Minister Netanyahu gave a speech at Bar-Ilan University in which he endorsed a "Demilitarized Palestinian State", though said that Jerusalem must remain the unified capital of Israel.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> In 2002, during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada</a>, Israel's Likud-led government reoccupied Palestinian towns and <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_refugee_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian refugee camp">refugee camps</a> in the West Bank. In 2005 <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> defied the recent tendencies of Likud and abandoned the policy of seeking to settle in the West Bank and Gaza. Though re-elected Prime Minister on a platform of no unilateral withdrawals, Sharon carried out the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_unilateral_disengagement_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli unilateral disengagement plan">Gaza disengagement plan</a>, withdrawing from the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>, as well as four settlements in the northern West Bank. Though losing a referendum among Likud registered voters, Sharon achieved government approval of this policy by firing most of the cabinet members who opposed the plan before the vote.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> Sharon and the faction who supported his disengagement proposals left the Likud party after the disengagement and created the new <a href="/wiki/Kadima" title="Kadima">Kadima</a> party. This new party supported unilateral disengagement from most of the West Bank and the fixing of borders by the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_West_Bank_barrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli West Bank barrier">Israeli West Bank barrier</a>. The basic premise of the policy was that the Israelis have no viable negotiating partner on the Palestinian side, and since they cannot remain in indefinite occupation of the West Bank and Gaza, Israel should unilaterally withdraw.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> Netanyahu, who was elected as the new leader of Likud after Kadima's creation, and <a href="/wiki/Silvan_Shalom" title="Silvan Shalom">Silvan Shalom</a>, the runner-up, both supported the disengagement plan;<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> however, Netanyahu resigned his ministerial post before the plan was executed. Most current Likud members support the Jewish settlements in the West Bank and oppose Palestinian statehood and the disengagement from Gaza.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:290px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Anyone who wants to thwart the establishment of a Palestinian state has to support bolstering Hamas and transferring money to Hamas. This is part of our strategy – to isolate the Palestinians in Gaza from the Palestinians in the West Bank. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Benjamin Netanyahu, 2019<a href="#cite_note-Vox0910-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a></cite></div> </div> Although settlement activity has continued under recent Likud governments, much of the activity outside the major settlement blocs has been to accommodate <a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Home" title="The Jewish Home">the Jewish Home</a>, a coalition partner; support within Likud to build outside the blocs is not particularly strong.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> Likud, under Netanyahu, is alleged to have intentionally propped up the rule of Hamas in Gaza as a means of dividing the Palestinians politically and using Palestinian extremism drawing the peace process away from a two-state solution.<a href="#cite_note-Vox0910-151">[151]</a> In the 2019 elections Likud was widely criticized as a "racist party" after scaremongering anti-Arab rhetoric by its members as well as Netanyahu who claimed minority Arabs and Palestinians in Israel as "threats" and "enemies".<a href="#cite_note-racist-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culture">Culture</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zeev_Jabotinsky.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Zeev_Jabotinsky.jpg/170px-Zeev_Jabotinsky.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Zeev_Jabotinsky.jpg/255px-Zeev_Jabotinsky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Zeev_Jabotinsky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ze%27ev_Jabotinsky" title="Ze'ev Jabotinsky">Ze'ev Jabotinsky</a></figcaption></figure> Likud generally advocates free enterprise and nationalism, but it has sometimes compromised these ideals in practice, especially as its constituency has changed. Its support for populist economic programs are at odds with its free enterprise tradition, but are meant to serve its largely nationalistic, lower-income voters in small towns and urban neighborhoods.<a href="#cite_note-Sharkansky-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-IDI-159">[159]</a> On <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">religion and state</a>, Likud has a moderate stance,<a href="#cite_note-IDI-159">[159]</a> and supports the preservation of <a href="/wiki/Status_quo_(Israel)" title="Status quo (Israel)">status quo</a>. With time, the party has played into the traditional sympathies of its voter base, though the origins and ideology of Likud are secular.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> Religious parties have come to view it as a more comfortable coalition partner than Labor.<a href="#cite_note-IDI-159">[159]</a> Likud promotes a revival of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_culture" title="Jewish culture">Jewish culture</a>, in keeping with the principles of <a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Zionism" title="Revisionist Zionism">Revisionist Zionism</a>. Likud emphasizes such Israeli nationalist themes as the use of the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli flag">Israeli flag</a> and the victory in the <a href="/wiki/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War" title="1948 Arab–Israeli War">1948 Arab–Israeli War</a>. In July 2018, Likud lawmakers voted a controversial <a href="/wiki/Basic_Law:_Israel_as_the_Nation-State_of_the_Jewish_People" title="Basic Law: Israel as the Nation-State of the Jewish People">Nation-State bill</a> into law which declares Israel as the "nation-state of the Jewish people".<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> Likud publicly endorses <a href="/wiki/Press_freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Press freedom">press freedom</a> and promotion of <a href="/wiki/Private_sector" title="Private sector">private sector</a> media, which has grown markedly under governments Likud has led. A Likud government headed by Ariel Sharon, however, closed the popular <a href="/wiki/Right-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing">right-wing</a> <a href="/wiki/Pirate_radio" title="Pirate radio">pirate radio</a> station <a href="/wiki/Arutz_Sheva" title="Arutz Sheva">Arutz Sheva</a> ("Channel 7"). Arutz Sheva was popular with the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_settler" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish settler">Jewish settler</a> movement and often criticised the government from a right-wing perspective.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Historically, the Likud and its pre-1948 predecessor, the Revisionist movement advocated secular nationalism. However, the Likud's first prime minister and long-time leader <a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a>, though secular himself, cultivated a warm attitude to Jewish tradition and appreciation for traditionally religious Jews—especially from North Africa and the Middle East. This segment of the Israeli population first brought the Likud to power in 1977. Many Orthodox Israelis find the Likud a more congenial party than any other mainstream party, and in recent years also a large group of <a href="/wiki/Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredim</a>, mostly modern Haredim, joined the party and established <a href="/wiki/The_Haredi_faction_in_the_Likud" class="mw-redirect" title="The Haredi faction in the Likud">the Haredi faction in the Likud</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3></div> Since the 1990s, Likud has advocated a hardline stance against <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and its proxy militias such as the Lebanese <a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a>.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> Likud prime ministers <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> have typically pursued improved relations with <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>, with Likud using posters of Netanyahu meeting Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> during its <a href="/wiki/September_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="September 2019 Israeli legislative election">September 2019 Israeli legislative election</a> campaign.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> However, since the 2022 <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Likud has been divided, with party leader Netanyahu seeking to maintain working relations with Russia and avoid involvement in the conflict,<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> while some MKs, such as <a href="/wiki/Nir_Barkat" title="Nir Barkat">Nir Barkat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yuli_Edelstein" title="Yuli Edelstein">Yuli Edelstein</a>, have advocated closer alignment with the West against Russia and support for Ukraine in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Ukrainian war">Russo-Ukrainian war</a>.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> The Likud government during the 2010s advocated closer ties with <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, in order to reduce Israel's dependency on Western Europe.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> In 2017 Netanyahu described closer Israeli alignment with China as a "marriage made in heaven".<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> Likud has also maintained connections with the ruling political party in India, the <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Likud governments have pursued close ties with the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (U.S.)">Republican Party</a> in the United States, leading to a perception of preference for the Republicans over the rival <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (U.S.)">Democratic Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> In 2015 Netanyahu delivered an address to the Republican-held <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> without consulting the Democratic presidential administration at the time.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> The <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">NATO bombing of Yugoslavia</a> in 1999 drew criticism from the Likud foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a>, who described it as "brutal interventionism".<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> Relations between <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> and Israel improved during the Netanyahu-led Likud government of the 2010s.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> Likud has had long-term political ties to the Hungarian ruling party <a href="/wiki/Fidesz" title="Fidesz">Fidesz</a>, which has led to warm diplomatic relations between Netanyahu's Likud governments and the Hungarian governments of <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a>.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> In recent years, Likud has cultivated ties with European <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing populist">right-wing populist</a> political parties, including the Spanish <a href="/wiki/Vox_(political_party)" title="Vox (political party)">Vox</a>,<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> the Italian <a href="/wiki/Lega_(political_party)" title="Lega (political party)">Lega</a>,<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> the Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Chega_(political_party)" title="Chega (political party)">Chega</a>,<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Party_for_Freedom" title="Party for Freedom">Party for Freedom</a>,<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> the French <a href="/wiki/National_Rally_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rally (France)">National Rally</a>,<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Sweden_Democrats" title="Sweden Democrats">Sweden Democrats</a>,<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Danish_People%27s_Party" title="Danish People's Party">Danish People's Party</a>,<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_the_Union_of_Romanians" title="Alliance for the Union of Romanians">Alliance for the Union of Romanians</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> and the Belgian <a href="/wiki/Vlaams_Belang" title="Vlaams Belang">Vlaams Belang</a>.<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition_(1973–1988)">Composition (1973–1988)</h2></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Name </th> <th>Ideology </th> <th>Position </th> <th>Leader </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#0077B9"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Herut" title="Herut">Herut</a> (1973–1988) </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Zionism" title="Revisionist Zionism">Revisionist Zionism</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">Right-wing</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> (1949–1983)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Shamir" title="Yitzhak Shamir">Yitzhak Shamir</a> (1983–1988)</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFCC00"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Party (Israel)">Liberal</a> (1973–88) </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">Centrism</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">Centre-right</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elimelekh_Rimalt" title="Elimelekh Rimalt">Elimelekh Rimalt</a> (1972–1975)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Simcha_Erlich" class="mw-redirect" title="Simcha Erlich">Simcha Erlich</a> (1976–1983)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Goldstein" title="Pinchas Goldstein">Pinchas Goldstein</a> (1983–1988)</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#0047AB"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_List" title="National List">National List</a> (1973–1976; 1981) </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Social_liberalism" title="Social liberalism">Social liberalism</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">Centre</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yigal_Hurvitz" title="Yigal Hurvitz">Yigal Hurvitz</a> (1970–1976)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Peretz_(politician_born_1936)" title="Yitzhak Peretz (politician born 1936)">Yitzhak Peretz</a> (1981)</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#0058D5"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Free_Centre" title="Free Centre">Free Centre</a> (1973–1977) </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal conservatism</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Right-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing">Right-wing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Tamir" title="Shmuel Tamir">Shmuel Tamir</a> (1967–1977) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#3D7BD3"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Independent_Centre" title="Independent Centre">Independent Centre</a> (1975–76) </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal conservatism</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Right-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing">Right-wing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eliezer_Shostak" title="Eliezer Shostak">Eliezer Shostak</a> (1975–76) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#2E2D6F"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Greater_Israel" title="Movement for Greater Israel">Movement for Greater Israel</a> (1973–1976) </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Zionism" title="Revisionist Zionism">Revisionist Zionism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_conservatism" title="National conservatism">National conservatism</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Right-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing">Right-wing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Yoffe" title="Avraham Yoffe">Avraham Yoffe</a> (1967–1976) </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#3B9169"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La%27am" title="La'am">La'am</a> (1976–1984) </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul style="margin-left:1em;text-indent:-1em;"><li><a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal conservatism</a></li></ul></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centre-right_politics" title="Centre-right politics">Centre-right</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yigal_Hurvitz" title="Yigal Hurvitz">Yigal Hurvitz</a> (1976–1984)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Eliezer_Shostak" title="Eliezer Shostak">Eliezer Shostak</a> (1976–1984)</li></ul></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leaders">Leaders</h2></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Leader </th> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Prime Ministerial tenure </th> <th>Knesset elections </th> <th>Elected/reelected as leader </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #1f5aa5; color: white">1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Menachem_Begin,_Andrews_AFB,_1978.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG/70px-Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG/105px-Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG/140px-Menachem_Begin%2C_Andrews_AFB%2C_1978.JPG 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> </td> <td>1973 </td> <td>1983 </td> <td>1977–1983 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1977_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1977 Israeli legislative election">1977</a>, <a href="/wiki/1981_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1981 Israeli legislative election">1981</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #1f5aa5; color: white">2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Yitzhak_Shamir_(1980).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Yitzhak_Shamir_%281980%29.jpg/70px-Yitzhak_Shamir_%281980%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Yitzhak_Shamir_%281980%29.jpg/105px-Yitzhak_Shamir_%281980%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Yitzhak_Shamir_%281980%29.jpg/140px-Yitzhak_Shamir_%281980%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2070" data-file-height="2760" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Shamir" title="Yitzhak Shamir">Yitzhak Shamir</a> </td> <td>1983 </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>1983–1984, 1986–1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1984_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1984 Israeli legislative election">1984</a>, <a href="/wiki/1988_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1988 Israeli legislative election">1988</a>, <a href="/wiki/1992_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1992 Israeli legislative election">1992</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1983_Herut_leadership_election" title="1983 Herut leadership election">1983</a>, <a href="/wiki/1984_Herut_leadership_election" title="1984 Herut leadership election">1984</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1992_Likud_leadership_election" title="1992 Likud leadership election">1992</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #1f5aa5; color: white">3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Netanyahu_1996.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Benjamin_Netanyahu_1996.jpg/70px-Benjamin_Netanyahu_1996.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Benjamin_Netanyahu_1996.jpg/105px-Benjamin_Netanyahu_1996.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Benjamin_Netanyahu_1996.jpg/140px-Benjamin_Netanyahu_1996.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1162" data-file-height="1600" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>1996–1999 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Israeli prime ministerial election">1996</a>, <a href="/wiki/1999_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 Israeli prime ministerial election">1999</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1993_Likud_leadership_election" title="1993 Likud leadership election">1993</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> and <a href="/wiki/January_1999_Likud_leadership_election" title="January 1999 Likud leadership election">1999 (Jan)</a><a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #1f5aa5; color: white">4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ariel_Sharon_Headshot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Ariel_Sharon_Headshot.jpg/70px-Ariel_Sharon_Headshot.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Ariel_Sharon_Headshot.jpg/105px-Ariel_Sharon_Headshot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Ariel_Sharon_Headshot.jpg/140px-Ariel_Sharon_Headshot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="912" data-file-height="1216" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>2005 </td> <td>2001–2006 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election" title="2001 Israeli prime ministerial election">2001</a>, <a href="/wiki/2003_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2003 Israeli legislative election">2003</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/September_1999_Likud_leadership_election" title="September 1999 Likud leadership election">1999 (Sep)</a><a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> and <a href="/wiki/2002_Likud_leadership_election" title="2002 Likud leadership election">2002</a><a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #1f5aa5; color: white">(3) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Netanyahu,_February_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Benjamin_Netanyahu%2C_February_2023.jpg/70px-Benjamin_Netanyahu%2C_February_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Benjamin_Netanyahu%2C_February_2023.jpg/105px-Benjamin_Netanyahu%2C_February_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Benjamin_Netanyahu%2C_February_2023.jpg/140px-Benjamin_Netanyahu%2C_February_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2947" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> </td> <td>2005 </td> <td>Incumbent </td> <td>2009–2021, 2022– </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2006_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2006 Israeli legislative election">2006</a>, <a href="/wiki/2009_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2009 Israeli legislative election">2009</a>, <a href="/wiki/2013_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2013 Israeli legislative election">2013</a>, <a href="/wiki/2015_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2015 Israeli legislative election">2015</a>, <a href="/wiki/April_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="April 2019 Israeli legislative election">Apr 2019</a>, <a href="/wiki/September_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="September 2019 Israeli legislative election">Sep 2019</a>, <a href="/wiki/2020_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2020 Israeli legislative election">2020</a>, <a href="/wiki/2021_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2021 Israeli legislative election">2021</a>, <a href="/wiki/2022_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2022 Israeli legislative election">2022</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2005_Likud_leadership_election" title="2005 Likud leadership election">2005</a><a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> <a href="/wiki/2007_Likud_leadership_election" title="2007 Likud leadership election">2007</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> <a href="/wiki/2012_Likud_leadership_election" title="2012 Likud leadership election">2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/2014_Likud_leadership_election" title="2014 Likud leadership election">2014</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2019_Likud_leadership_election" title="2019 Likud leadership election">2019</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leader_election_process">Leader election process</h3></div> During Begin's tenure as leader of Herut/Likud, his leadership was effectively unchallenged.<a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> From 1983 through 1992, Herut/Likud elected its party leaders through votes held in party agencies.<a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> The 1983 and 1984 Herut leadership elections were undertaken through a vote of Herut's Central Committee.<a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> The day after Yitzhak Shamir won the 1983 <a href="/wiki/Secret_ballot" title="Secret ballot">secret ballot</a> vote of the Herut Central Committee to obtain Herut's party leadership, the party leaders of the other Likud coalition member parties announced that they agreed to have Shamir lead the Likud coalition.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> The 1992 Likud leadership election was the first held after Likud became a unified party. The 1992 leadership election was held as a vote of the Likud Central Committee.<a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> After 1992, the party moved to electing its leaders through votes of its general membership, with the first such vote taking place in 1993.<a href="#cite_note-Kenig-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_list_selection_process">Party list selection process</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs expansion. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a> or <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3ALikud&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+extended-protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Extended-confirmed-protected+edit+request+on+16+February+2025&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+extended-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Likud">making an edit request</a>. (March 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Prior to the <a href="/wiki/2006_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2006 Israeli legislative election">2006 election</a>, the Likud's Central Committee relinquished control of selecting the Knesset list to the "rank and file" members at Netanyahu's behest.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> The aim was to improve the party's reputation, as the central committee had gained a reputation for corruption.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_MKs">Current MKs</h2></div> Likud currently has 32 Knesset members. They are listed below in the order that they appeared on the party's list for the <a href="/wiki/2022_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2022 Israeli legislative election">2022 elections</a>. <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yariv_Levin" title="Yariv Levin">Yariv Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli_Cohen_(politician_born_1972)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eli Cohen (politician born 1972)">Eli Cohen</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Osher_Shekalim" title="Osher Shekalim">Osher Shekalim</a> on 15 February 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoav_Galant" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoav Galant">Yoav Galant</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Afif_Abed" title="Afif Abed">Afif Abed</a> on 5 January 2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudi_Amsalem" title="Dudi Amsalem">Dudi Amsalem</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Avihai_Boaron" title="Avihai Boaron">Avihai Boaron</a> on 31 March 2023, who was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Galit_Distel-Atbaryan" title="Galit Distel-Atbaryan">Galit Distel-Atbaryan</a> on 14 October 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Ohana" title="Amir Ohana">Amir Ohana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoav_Kisch" title="Yoav Kisch">Yoav Kisch</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Sasson_Guetta" title="Sasson Guetta">Sasson Guetta</a> on 26 March 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nir_Barkat" title="Nir Barkat">Nir Barkat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miri_Regev" title="Miri Regev">Miri Regev</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Keti_Shitrit" title="Keti Shitrit">Keti Shitrit</a> on 15 February 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miki_Zohar" title="Miki Zohar">Miki Zohar</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Dan_Illouz" title="Dan Illouz">Dan Illouz</a> on 6 January 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avi_Dichter" title="Avi Dichter">Avi Dichter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Katz" title="Israel Katz">Israel Katz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Karhi" title="Shlomo Karhi">Shlomo Karhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amichai_Chikli" title="Amichai Chikli">Amichai Chikli</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Amit_Halevi" title="Amit Halevi">Amit Halevi</a> on 17 January 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Danon" title="Danny Danon">Danny Danon</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Avihai_Boaron" title="Avihai Boaron">Avihai Boaron</a> on 1 July 2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idit_Silman" title="Idit Silman">Idit Silman</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Eti_Atiya" title="Eti Atiya">Eti Atiya</a> on 7 January 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Bitan" title="David Bitan">David Bitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuli_Edelstein" title="Yuli Edelstein">Yuli Edelstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliyahu_Revivo" title="Eliyahu Revivo">Eliyahu Revivo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galit_Distel-Atbaryan" title="Galit Distel-Atbaryan">Galit Distel-Atbaryan</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Passal" title="Moshe Passal">Moshe Passal</a> on 12 March 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissim_Vaturi" title="Nissim Vaturi">Nissim Vaturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalom_Danino" title="Shalom Danino">Shalom Danino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haim_Katz" title="Haim Katz">Haim Katz</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Kallner" title="Ariel Kallner">Ariel Kallner</a> on 6 January 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ofir_Akunis" title="Ofir Akunis">Ofir Akunis</a> (replaced by <a href="/wiki/Tsega_Melaku" title="Tsega Melaku">Tsega Melaku</a> on 9 February 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tali_Gottlieb" class="mw-redirect" title="Tali Gottlieb">Tali Gottlieb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanoch_Milwidsky" title="Hanoch Milwidsky">Hanoch Milwidsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boaz_Bismuth" title="Boaz Bismuth">Boaz Bismuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Saada" title="Moshe Saada">Moshe Saada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eli_Dellal" title="Eli Dellal">Eli Dellal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gila_Gamliel" title="Gila Gamliel">Gila Gamliel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ofir_Katz" title="Ofir Katz">Ofir Katz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Golan" title="May Golan">May Golan</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Party_organs">Party organs</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Likud_Executive">Likud Executive</h3></div> <ul><li>Director General of the Likud: Zuri Siso<a href="#cite_note-:0-197">[197]</a></li> <li>Deputy DG, head of the Municipal Division, head of the Computer Division: Zuri Siso<a href="#cite_note-:0-197">[197]</a></li> <li>Manager of the Likud Chairman's Office: Hanni Blaivais<a href="#cite_note-:0-197">[197]</a></li> <li>Director of Foreign Affairs and Likud spokesperson: Eli Hazan<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Likud_Central_Committee">Likud Central Committee</h3></div> The Central Committee decides on all matters between party conferences, with the exceptions of matters designated to another organ. As of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit">[update]</a>, the chairman of the Central Committee is <a href="/wiki/Haim_Katz" title="Haim Katz">Haim Katz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-orli-199">[199]</a> The Central Committee has a considerable number of members. For example, in one vote, 3,050 members took part in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Likud_Secretariat">Likud Secretariat</h3></div> The secretariat is the body that elects the director general of the part and the heads various departments. It defines their powers and supervises their activities. As of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit">[update]</a> the chairman of the secretariat is <a href="/wiki/Haim_Katz" title="Haim Katz">Haim Katz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-orli-199">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Likud_Court">Likud Court</h3></div> The Court is the supreme judicial organ in all matters of the party.<a href="#cite_note-orli-199">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legal_Advisor">Legal Advisor</h3></div> The Legal Advisor advises the party and its bodies in the matters of the state law and the Party constitution and represents the party before external authorities.<a href="#cite_note-orli-199">[199]</a> The Legal Advisor has a significant power and may overturn the decisions of most of the party bodies, including the Central Committee.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> As of 2022<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&action=edit">[update]</a> the Legal Advisor of the Likud Movement is Avi Halevy.<a href="#cite_note-orli-199">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Likud_Youth_Movement">Likud Youth Movement</h3></div> The Likud Youth Movement (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Noar_HaLikud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noar HaLikud (page does not exist)">Noar HaLikud</a> [<a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93" class="extiw" title="he:נוער הליכוד">he</a>], lit. 'Likud Youth', sometimes called 'Young Likud'), is the official body in charge of all young members of Likud.<a href="#cite_note-orli-199">[199]</a> It is a member group of the <a href="/wiki/International_Young_Democrat_Union" title="International Young Democrat Union">International Young Democrat Union</a>.<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_results">Election results</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Knesset">Knesset</h3></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>Leader </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>+/– </th> <th>Status </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1973_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1973 Israeli legislative election">1973</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Begin" title="Menachem Begin">Menachem Begin</a> </td> <td>473,309 </td> <td>30.2 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">39 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 7 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1977_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1977 Israeli legislative election">1977</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[a]</a> </td> <td>583,968 </td> <td>33.4 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">43 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 36%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 4 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1981_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1981 Israeli legislative election">1981</a> </td> <td>718,941 </td> <td>37.1 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">48 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 40%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1984_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1984 Israeli legislative election">1984</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Shamir" title="Yitzhak Shamir">Yitzhak Shamir</a> </td> <td>661,302 </td> <td>31.9 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">41 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 34%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 7 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1988_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1988 Israeli legislative election">1988</a> </td> <td>709,305 </td> <td>31.1 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">40 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 1 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1992_Israeli_legislative_election" title="1992 Israeli legislative election">1992</a> </td> <td>651,229 </td> <td>24.9 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">32 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 8 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_general_election" title="1996 Israeli general election">1996</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[b]</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> </td> <td>767,401 </td> <td>25.1 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">22 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 18%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 10 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1999_Israeli_general_election" title="1999 Israeli general election">1999</a> </td> <td>468,103 </td> <td>14.1 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">19 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 16%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2003_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2003 Israeli legislative election">2003</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> </td> <td>925,279 </td> <td>29.4 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">38 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 32%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 19 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2006_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2006 Israeli legislative election">2006</a> </td> <td rowspan="9"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> </td> <td>281,996 </td> <td>9.0 (#4) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">12 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 26 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2009_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2009 Israeli legislative election">2009</a> </td> <td>729,054 </td> <td>21.6 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">27 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 23%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 15 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2013_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2013 Israeli legislative election">2013</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[c]</a> </td> <td>884,631 </td> <td>23.3 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">20 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 17%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 7 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2015_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2015 Israeli legislative election">2015</a> </td> <td>984,966 </td> <td>23.4 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">30 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 25%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 12 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/April_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="April 2019 Israeli legislative election">Apr 2019</a> </td> <td>1,138,772 </td> <td>26.5 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">35 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 29%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 5 </td> <td style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial">Caretaker </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/September_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="September 2019 Israeli legislative election">Sep 2019</a> </td> <td>1,113,617 </td> <td>25.1 (#2) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">32 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 4 </td> <td style="background: #FFD; color:black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="partial table-partial">Caretaker </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2020_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2020 Israeli legislative election">2020</a> </td> <td>1,349,171 </td> <td>29.5 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">36 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 30%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 4 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2021_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2021 Israeli legislative election">2021</a> </td> <td>1,066,892 </td> <td>24.2 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">30 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 25%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 6 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2022 Israeli legislative election">2022</a> </td> <td>1,115,049 </td> <td>23.4 (#1) </td> <td><div style="width: 100px;">32 / 120<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #1f5aa5; color:inherit; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> Both members of <a href="/wiki/Shlomtzion_(political_party)" title="Shlomtzion (political party)">Shlomtzion</a> joined the party, giving it 45 seats. </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a> Run in coalition with <a href="/wiki/Gesher_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesher (political party)">Gesher</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tzomet" title="Tzomet">Tzomet</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a> Run in coalition with <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Beiteinu" title="Yisrael Beiteinu">Yisrael Beiteinu</a>. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prime_minister">Prime minister</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_general_election" title="1996 Israeli general election">1996</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> </td> <td align="right">1,501,023 </td> <td align="right">50.5 (#1) </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1999_Israeli_general_election" title="1999 Israeli general election">1999</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> </td> <td align="right">1,402,474 </td> <td align="right">43.9 (#2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Lost </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2001_Israeli_prime_ministerial_election" title="2001 Israeli prime ministerial election">2001</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a> </td> <td align="right">1,698,077 </td> <td align="right">62.4 (#1) </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Likud_Knesset_Members" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Likud Knesset Members">List of Likud Knesset Members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Likudniks" title="New Likudniks">New Likudniks</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <div><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBueno_de_Mesquita2013" class="citation book cs1">Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce (2013). Principles of International Politics. SAGE. p. 69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Principles+of+International+Politics&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=SAGE&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Bueno+de+Mesquita&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUtter2004" class="citation book cs1">Utter, Glenn (2004). Conservative Christians and Political Participation. ABC-CLIO. p. 29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conservative+Christians+and+Political+Participation&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Utter&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEl-Gendy2018" class="citation book cs1">El-Gendy, Karim (2018). The Process of Israeli Decision Making. Al-Zaytouna Centre. p. 192.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Process+of+Israeli+Decision+Making&rft.pages=192&rft.pub=Al-Zaytouna+Centre&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=El-Gendy&rft.aufirst=Karim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeack2018" class="citation book cs1">Neack, Laura (2018). Studying Foreign Policy Comparatively. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0963-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0963-2"><bdi>978-1-5381-0963-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Studying+Foreign+Policy+Comparatively&rft.pages=43&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-0963-2&rft.aulast=Neack&rft.aufirst=Laura&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">The Middle East: From Transition to Development. Brill. 2022. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-47667-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-47667-7"><bdi>978-90-04-47667-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East%3A+From+Transition+to+Development&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-90-04-47667-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li></ul></div> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatzal1999" class="citation book cs1">Watzal, Ludwig (1999). Peace Enemies The Past and Present Conflict Between Israel and Palestine. PASSIA. p. 28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Peace+Enemies+The+Past+and+Present+Conflict+Between+Israel+and+Palestine&rft.pages=28&rft.pub=PASSIA&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Watzal&rft.aufirst=Ludwig&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrübel1997" class="citation book cs1">Grübel, Monika (1997). Judaism. Barron's. p. 191. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7641-0051-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7641-0051-2"><bdi>978-0-7641-0051-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Judaism&rft.pages=191&rft.pub=Barron%27s&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-7641-0051-2&rft.aulast=Gr%C3%BCbel&rft.aufirst=Monika&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rosalux.de/en/news/id/49835/israel-cracks-in-the-facade">"Israel: Cracks in the Facade"</a>. Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung. 23 January 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230130050418/https://www.rosalux.de/en/news/id/49835/israel-cracks-in-the-facade">Archived</a> from the original on 30 January 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023. <q>Benjamin Netanyahu's national-conservative party Likud</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rosa+Luxemburg+Stiftung&rft.atitle=Israel%3A+Cracks+in+the+Facade&rft.date=2023-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rosalux.de%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fid%2F49835%2Fisrael-cracks-in-the-facade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-31815481">"Israel election: Who are the key candidates?"</a>. BBC News. 14 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190920143045/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-31815481">Archived</a> from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Israel+election%3A+Who+are+the+key+candidates%3F&rft.date=2015-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-31815481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <div><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafir2002" class="citation book cs1">Shafir, Gershon (2002). Being Israeli: The Dynamics of Multiple Citizenship. Cambridge University Press. p. 30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Being+Israeli%3A+The+Dynamics+of+Multiple+Citizenship&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Shafir&rft.aufirst=Gershon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoghadam2020" class="citation book cs1">Moghadam, Valentine (2020). Globalization and Social Movements. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 201.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Globalization+and+Social+Movements&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Moghadam&rft.aufirst=Valentine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangford2017" class="citation book cs1">Langford, Barry (2017). All Together Now. Biteback Publishing. <q>Netanyahu, leader of the right-wing populist party Likud, ran for re-election</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+Together+Now&rft.pub=Biteback+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Langford&rft.aufirst=Barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"></li></ul></div> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-7"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-21073450">"Guide to Israel's political parties"</a>. BBC News. 21 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408012543/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-21073450">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 28 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Guide+to+Israel%27s+political+parties&rft.date=2013-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-21073450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmnon_Rapoport1990" class="citation book cs1">Amnon Rapoport (1990). Experimental Studies of Interactive Decisions. Kluwer Academic. p. 413. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-0685-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-0685-6"><bdi>978-0-7923-0685-6</bdi></a>. <q>Likud is a liberal-conservative party that gains much of its support from the lower and middle classes, and promotes free enterprise, nationalism, and expansionism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Experimental+Studies+of+Interactive+Decisions&rft.pages=413&rft.pub=Kluwer+Academic&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-7923-0685-6&rft.au=Amnon+Rapoport&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes1-9"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes1_9-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoel_Greenberg1998" class="citation news cs1">Joel Greenberg (22 November 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/22/weekinreview/the-world-pursuing-peace-netanyahu-and-his-party-turn-away-from-greater-israel.html">"The World: Pursuing Peace; Netanyahu and His Party Turn Away from 'Greater Israel'"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191214111910/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/11/22/weekinreview/the-world-pursuing-peace-netanyahu-and-his-party-turn-away-from-greater-israel.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 30 June 2015. <q>Likud, despite defections, had joined Labor in accepting the inevitability of territorial compromise.... Revolutionary as it may seem, Likud's abandonment of its maximalist vision has in fact been evolving for years.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+World%3A+Pursuing+Peace%3B+Netanyahu+and+His+Party+Turn+Away+from+%27Greater+Israel%27&rft.date=1998-11-22&rft.au=Joel+Greenberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F11%2F22%2Fweekinreview%2Fthe-world-pursuing-peace-netanyahu-and-his-party-turn-away-from-greater-israel.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes2-10"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes2_10-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEthan_Bronner2009" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ethan_Bronner" title="Ethan Bronner">Ethan Bronner</a> (20 February 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/21/world/middleeast/21netanyahu.html">"Netanyahu, Once Hawkish, Now Touts Pragmatism"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190519090325/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/21/world/middleeast/21netanyahu.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 May 2019. Retrieved 30 June 2015. <q>Likud as a party has made a major transformation in the last 15 years from being rigidly committed to retaining all the land of Israel to looking pragmatically at how to retain for Israel defensible borders in a very uncertain Middle East....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Netanyahu%2C+Once+Hawkish%2C+Now+Touts+Pragmatism&rft.date=2009-02-20&rft.au=Ethan+Bronner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F02%2F21%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2F21netanyahu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarsh2013" class="citation book cs1">Karsh, Efraim (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kZzcAAAAQBAJ">Israel: The First Hundred Years: Politics and Society since 1948</a>. Vol. 3. Routledge. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-26278-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-26278-5"><bdi>978-1-135-26278-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128105239/https://books.google.com/books?id=kZzcAAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 3 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Israel%3A+The+First+Hundred+Years%3A+Politics+and+Society+since+1948&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-135-26278-5&rft.aulast=Karsh&rft.aufirst=Efraim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkZzcAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Likud">"Likud – political party, Israel"</a>. Britannica.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170826125412/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Likud">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2017. Retrieved 5 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Britannica.com&rft.atitle=Likud+%E2%80%93+political+party%2C+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FLikud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988">|<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-21073450">"Guide to Israel's political parties"</a>. Bbc.com. 4 November 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408013953/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-21073450">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 5 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bbc.com&rft.atitle=Guide+to+Israel%27s+political+parties&rft.date=2017-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-21073450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIshaan_Tharoor2015" class="citation news cs1">Ishaan Tharoor (14 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2015/03/13/these-are-the-political-parties-battling-for-israels-future/">"A guide to the political parties battling for Israel's future"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150701053730/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2015/03/13/these-are-the-political-parties-battling-for-israels-future/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 28 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=A+guide+to+the+political+parties+battling+for+Israel%27s+future&rft.date=2015-03-14&rft.au=Ishaan+Tharoor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Fworldviews%2Fwp%2F2015%2F03%2F13%2Fthese-are-the-political-parties-battling-for-israels-future%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/israel-new-netanyahu-government-vows-to-expand-settlements/a-64228466">"Israel: New Netanyahu government vows to expand settlements"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>. 28 December 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230310182844/https://www.dw.com/en/israel-new-netanyahu-government-vows-to-expand-settlements/a-64228466">Archived</a> from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023. <q>Benjamin Netanyahu's right-wing Likud Party announced its key policy priorities for the new Israeli government on Wednesday, with settlement expansion at the top of the list.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Israel%3A+New+Netanyahu+government+vows+to+expand+settlements&rft.date=2022-12-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fisrael-new-netanyahu-government-vows-to-expand-settlements%2Fa-64228466&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/12/13/israel-elects-knesset-speaker">"Israel chooses Knesset speaker as forming new government looms"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Arabic" title="Al Jazeera Arabic">Al Jazeera</a>. 13 December 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230329133410/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/12/13/israel-elects-knesset-speaker">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023. <q>Yariv Levin, a senior member of Netanyahu's right-wing Likud party, was chosen on Tuesday to replace Mickey Levy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Israel+chooses+Knesset+speaker+as+forming+new+government+looms&rft.date=2022-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F12%2F13%2Fisrael-elects-knesset-speaker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/01/world/meast/benjamin-netanyahu---fast-facts/index.html">"Benjamin Netanyahu Fast Facts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 29 December 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230317174903/https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/01/world/meast/benjamin-netanyahu---fast-facts/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023. <q>Leader of the right-wing Likud Party.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Netanyahu+Fast+Facts&rft.date=2022-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2013%2F01%2F01%2Fworld%2Fmeast%2Fbenjamin-netanyahu---fast-facts%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/11/02/1133516979/israel-election-results-netanyahu">"With most votes now counted, Netanyahu seems poised to return as Israel's leader"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>. 2 November 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221102211401/https://www.npr.org/2022/11/02/1133516979/israel-election-results-netanyahu">Archived</a> from the original on 2 November 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2023. <q>His right-wing Likud Party is the clear frontrunner. His main ally, the far-right Religious Zionism party, made historic gains in Tuesday's vote,</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=With+most+votes+now+counted%2C+Netanyahu+seems+poised+to+return+as+Israel%27s+leader&rft.date=2022-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F11%2F02%2F1133516979%2Fisrael-election-results-netanyahu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/israel-election-idUKKBN28I2TJ">"Senior member of Netanyahu's party breaks away as Israeli election beckons"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 9 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230329135102/https://www.reuters.com/article/israel-election-idUKKBN28I2TJ">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023. <q>A prominent rival of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in the right-wing Likud party announced on Tuesday a breakaway bid aimed at defeating the Israeli leader in a looming early national election.,</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Senior+member+of+Netanyahu%27s+party+breaks+away+as+Israeli+election+beckons&rft.date=2020-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fisrael-election-idUKKBN28I2TJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acreurope.eu/about_us/member_parties-Israel#parties">Member parties</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171012044529/http://www.acreurope.eu/about_us/member_parties-Israel#parties">Archived</a> 12 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> European Conservatives and Reformists Party </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heute.at/s/ist-uns-bewusst-fpoe-chef-kickl-teilt-jetzt-aus-120089620">""Ist uns bewusst" – FPÖ-Chef Kickl teilt jetzt aus"</a>. heute.at (in Austrian German). 8 February 2024. Retrieved 8 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=heute.at&rft.atitle=%22Ist+uns+bewusst%22+%E2%80%93+FP%C3%96-Chef+Kickl+teilt+jetzt+aus&rft.date=2024-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heute.at%2Fs%2Fist-uns-bewusst-fpoe-chef-kickl-teilt-jetzt-aus-120089620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Democracy_Union2018" class="citation web cs1">International Democracy Union (1 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idu.org/members/">"Members | International Democracy Union Member Parties"</a>. Retrieved 20 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members+%7C+International+Democracy+Union+Member+Parties&rft.date=2018-02-01&rft.au=International+Democracy+Union&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idu.org%2Fmembers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bechirot24.bechirot.gov.il/election/Candidates/Pages/OneListCandidates.aspx?LPF=Search&WebId=6adadc15-e476-480b-9746-04490aedeb0f&ListID=ba72a662-765c-45af-9d48-fb68080956af&ItemID=218&FieldID=ListNickname_GxS_Text">"הליכוד בהנהגת בנימין נתניהו לראשות הממשלה"</a>. Central Election Committee for the Knesset. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210601013028/https://bechirot24.bechirot.gov.il/election/Candidates/Pages/OneListCandidates.aspx?LPF=Search&WebId=6adadc15-e476-480b-9746-04490aedeb0f&ListID=ba72a662-765c-45af-9d48-fb68080956af&ItemID=218&FieldID=ListNickname_GxS_Text">Archived</a> from the original on 1 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Central+Election+Committee+for+the+Knesset&rft.atitle=%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%91%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%92%D7%AA+%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95+%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%94&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbechirot24.bechirot.gov.il%2Felection%2FCandidates%2FPages%2FOneListCandidates.aspx%3FLPF%3DSearch%26WebId%3D6adadc15-e476-480b-9746-04490aedeb0f%26ListID%3Dba72a662-765c-45af-9d48-fb68080956af%26ItemID%3D218%26FieldID%3DListNickname_GxS_Text&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalantiAaronsonSchnell2001" class="citation journal cs1">Galanti, S. B.-R.; Aaronson, W. E.; Schnell, I. (2001). "Power and changes in the balance between ideology and pragmatism in the right wing Likud Party". <a href="/wiki/GeoJournal" title="GeoJournal">GeoJournal</a>. 53 (3): 263–272. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001GeoJo..53..263B">2001GeoJo..53..263B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1019585912714">10.1023/A:1019585912714</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0343-2521">0343-2521</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41147612">41147612</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146442369">146442369</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GeoJournal&rft.atitle=Power+and+changes+in+the+balance+between+ideology+and+pragmatism+in+the+right+wing+Likud+Party&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E263-%3C%2Fspan%3E272&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146442369%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001GeoJo..53..263B&rft.issn=0343-2521&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1019585912714&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41147612%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Galanti&rft.aufirst=S.+B.-R.&rft.au=Aaronson%2C+W.+E.&rft.au=Schnell%2C+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cambridge-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cambridge_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cambridge_24-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaskin2010" class="citation book cs1">Baskin, Judith Reesa, ed. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TffrTUyCD6QC&pg=PA304">The Cambridge Dictionary of Judaism and Jewish Culture</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 304. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-82597-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-82597-9"><bdi>978-0-521-82597-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128105245/https://books.google.com/books?id=TffrTUyCD6QC&pg=PA304">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 30 June 2015. <q>To overcome Labor Party dominance, the bulk of center-right parties formed Likud.... In the early twenty-first century, Likud remains a major factor in the center-right political bloc.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Dictionary+of+Judaism+and+Jewish+Culture&rft.pages=304&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-521-82597-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTffrTUyCD6QC%26pg%3DPA304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Seddon2013" class="citation book cs1">David Seddon, ed. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=buyrxARN_H0C&q=likud">A Political and Economic Dictionary of the Middle East</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-35561-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-35561-6"><bdi>978-1-135-35561-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230420090011/https://books.google.com/books?id=buyrxARN_H0C&q=likud">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023. <q>Likud is centre-right, strongly nationalistic and assertive in foreign policy.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Political+and+Economic+Dictionary+of+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-135-35561-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbuyrxARN_H0C%26q%3Dlikud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bsisu12-26"><a href="#cite_ref-bsisu12_26-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBsisu2012" class="citation journal cs1">Bsisu, Naji (Spring 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lucian.uchicago.edu/blogs/messa/files/2012/07/Lights-S2012-Template-FINAL.pdf#page=34">"Israeli Domestic Politics and the War in Lebanon"</a> (PDF). Lights: The MESSA Journal. 1 (3). University of Chicago: 29–38. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130801112214/http://lucian.uchicago.edu/blogs/messa/files/2012/07/Lights-S2012-Template-FINAL.pdf#page=34">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lights%3A+The+MESSA+Journal&rft.atitle=Israeli+Domestic+Politics+and+the+War+in+Lebanon&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E29-%3C%2Fspan%3E38&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Bsisu&rft.aufirst=Naji&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flucian.uchicago.edu%2Fblogs%2Fmessa%2Ffiles%2F2012%2F07%2FLights-S2012-Template-FINAL.pdf%23page%3D34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin_Kerstein2019" class="citation web cs1">Benjamin Kerstein (10 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.algemeiner.com/2019/04/10/israeli-elections-results-likud-tied-with-blue-and-white-but-right-wing-bloc-remains-larger-handing-netanyahu-the-victory/">"Israeli Elections Results: Likud Tied With Blue and White, But Right-Wing Bloc Remains Larger, Handing Netanyahu the Victory"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Algemeiner_Journal" title="Algemeiner Journal">Algemeiner Journal</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190925042514/https://www.algemeiner.com/2019/04/10/israeli-elections-results-likud-tied-with-blue-and-white-but-right-wing-bloc-remains-larger-handing-netanyahu-the-victory/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Algemeiner+Journal&rft.atitle=Israeli+Elections+Results%3A+Likud+Tied+With+Blue+and+White%2C+But+Right-Wing+Bloc+Remains+Larger%2C+Handing+Netanyahu+the+Victory&rft.date=2019-04-10&rft.au=Benjamin+Kerstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.algemeiner.com%2F2019%2F04%2F10%2Fisraeli-elections-results-likud-tied-with-blue-and-white-but-right-wing-bloc-remains-larger-handing-netanyahu-the-victory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_writer2019" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Staff_writer" title="Staff writer">Staff writer</a> (24 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-wins-extra-seat-at-expense-of-utj-after-election-committee-adjusts-results/">"Likud wins extra seat at expense of UTJ as election committee adjusts results"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190925042504/https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-wins-extra-seat-at-expense-of-utj-after-election-committee-adjusts-results/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Likud+wins+extra+seat+at+expense+of+UTJ+as+election+committee+adjusts+results&rft.date=2019-09-24&rft.au=Staff+writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Flikud-wins-extra-seat-at-expense-of-utj-after-election-committee-adjusts-results%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/elections/2020-03-06/ty-article/.premium/israel-election-2020-netanyahu-gantz/0000017f-e288-d38f-a57f-e6da17510000">"Final Election Results: Netanyahu Bloc Short of Majority With 58 Seats"</a>. Haaretz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230324180845/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/elections/2020-03-06/ty-article/.premium/israel-election-2020-netanyahu-gantz/0000017f-e288-d38f-a57f-e6da17510000">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Final+Election+Results%3A+Netanyahu+Bloc+Short+of+Majority+With+58+Seats&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2Felections%2F2020-03-06%2Fty-article%2F.premium%2Fisrael-election-2020-netanyahu-gantz%2F0000017f-e288-d38f-a57f-e6da17510000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-57306615">"Netanyahu: A shrewd leader who reshaped Israel"</a>. BBC News. 13 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230217200846/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-57306615">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Netanyahu%3A+A+shrewd+leader+who+reshaped+Israel&rft.date=2021-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-57306615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-56969598">"Naftali Bennett: The rise of Israel's new PM"</a>. BBC News. 31 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20210723211949/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-56969598">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 17 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Naftali+Bennett%3A+The+rise+of+Israel%27s+new+PM&rft.date=2021-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-56969598&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2022" class="citation news cs1">Williams, Dan (29 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/netanyahu-set-retake-power-head-far-right-government-2022-12-29/">"Israel's Netanyahu returns with hard-right cabinet set to expand settlements"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230217200844/https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/netanyahu-set-retake-power-head-far-right-government-2022-12-29/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Netanyahu+returns+with+hard-right+cabinet+set+to+expand+settlements&rft.date=2022-12-29&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fnetanyahu-set-retake-power-head-far-right-government-2022-12-29%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.morfix.co.il/%D7%9C%D6%B4%D7%9B%D6%BC%D7%95%D6%BC%D7%93%D6%B0%D7%A0%D6%B4%D7%99%D7%A7">"Likudnik"</a>. Milon Morfix. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017073629/http://www.morfix.co.il/%D7%9C%D6%B4%D7%9B%D6%BC%D7%95%D6%BC%D7%93%D6%B0%D7%A0%D6%B4%D7%99%D7%A7">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Likudnik&rft.pub=Milon+Morfix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.morfix.co.il%2F%25D7%259C%25D6%25B4%25D7%259B%25D6%25BC%25D7%2595%25D6%25BC%25D7%2593%25D6%25B0%25D7%25A0%25D6%25B4%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSterman2019" class="citation news cs1">Sterman, Daniel (22 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.timesofisrael.com/a-faction-is-not-a-party-part-2/">"A Faction Is Not a Party – Part 2"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. Retrieved 6 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=A+Faction+Is+Not+a+Party+%E2%80%93+Part+2&rft.date=2019-02-22&rft.aulast=Sterman&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.timesofisrael.com%2Fa-faction-is-not-a-party-part-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Israelin3-35"><a href="#cite_ref-Israelin3_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRabinovichReinharz2008" class="citation book cs1">Rabinovich, Itamar; Reinharz, Jehuda, eds. (2008). Israel in the Middle East: Documents and Readings on Society, Politics, and Foreign Relations, Pre-1948 to the Present. Brandeis University Press. p. 462.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Israel+in+the+Middle+East%3A+Documents+and+Readings+on+Society%2C+Politics%2C+and+Foreign+Relations%2C+Pre-1948+to+the+Present&rft.pages=462&rft.pub=Brandeis+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1973/09/14/01/article/45"><bdi lang="he">אמנת הליכוד נחתמה סופית</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a> (in Hebrew). 14 September 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221017225833/https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/dav/1973/09/14/01/article/45">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Library+of+Israel&rft.atitle=%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%94+%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%AA&rft.date=1973-09-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nli.org.il%2Fhe%2Fnewspapers%2Fdav%2F1973%2F09%2F14%2F01%2Farticle%2F45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knesset.gov.il/faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=13">"Likud"</a>. Knesset. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604114829/http://www.knesset.gov.il/faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=13">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Likud&rft.pub=Knesset&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.knesset.gov.il%2Ffaction%2Feng%2FFactionPage_eng.asp%3FPG%3D13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/parties/likud/">"הליכוד"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Israel_Democracy_Institute" title="Israel Democracy Institute">Israel Democracy Institute</a> (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221028225113/https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/parties/likud/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 18 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Democracy+Institute&rft.atitle=%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idi.org.il%2Fpolicy%2Fparties-and-elections%2Fparties%2Flikud%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeled2001" class="citation journal cs1">Peled, Yoav (2001). "Roar of the Lion: Shas and the Challenge to Israeli Identity". Israel Studies Bulletin. 16 (2): 9. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1065-7711">1065-7711</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41805449">41805449</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Studies+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Roar+of+the+Lion%3A+Shas+and+the+Challenge+to+Israeli+Identity&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=9&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41805449%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=1065-7711&rft.aulast=Peled&rft.aufirst=Yoav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-40"><a href="#cite_ref-:12_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaufman2019" class="citation web cs1">Kaufman, Karen (28 March 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200807223608/https://institute.global/advisory/parties-israels-2019-parliamentary-election">"The Parties in Israel's 2019 Parliamentary Election"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair_Institute_for_Global_Change" title="Tony Blair Institute for Global Change">Tony Blair Institute for Global Change</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://institute.global/advisory/parties-israels-2019-parliamentary-election">the original</a> on 7 August 2020. <q>Likud was founded as a secular, centre-right party.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tony+Blair+Institute+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=The+Parties+in+Israel%27s+2019+Parliamentary+Election&rft.date=2019-03-28&rft.aulast=Kaufman&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finstitute.global%2Fadvisory%2Fparties-israels-2019-parliamentary-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:22-41"><a href="#cite_ref-:22_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKerstein2019" class="citation web cs1">Kerstein, Benjamin (10 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.algemeiner.com/2019/04/10/israeli-elections-results-likud-tied-with-blue-and-white-but-right-wing-bloc-remains-larger-handing-netanyahu-the-victory/">"Israeli Elections Results: Likud Tied With Blue and White, But Right-Wing Bloc Remains Larger, Handing Netanyahu the Victory"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Algemeiner_Journal" title="Algemeiner Journal">Algemeiner Journal</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190925042514/https://www.algemeiner.com/2019/04/10/israeli-elections-results-likud-tied-with-blue-and-white-but-right-wing-bloc-remains-larger-handing-netanyahu-the-victory/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Algemeiner+Journal&rft.atitle=Israeli+Elections+Results%3A+Likud+Tied+With+Blue+and+White%2C+But+Right-Wing+Bloc+Remains+Larger%2C+Handing+Netanyahu+the+Victory&rft.date=2019-04-10&rft.aulast=Kerstein&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.algemeiner.com%2F2019%2F04%2F10%2Fisraeli-elections-results-likud-tied-with-blue-and-white-but-right-wing-bloc-remains-larger-handing-netanyahu-the-victory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-haaretz7jul112-42"><a href="#cite_ref-haaretz7jul112_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOren2011" class="citation news cs1">Oren, Amir (7 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/british-documents-reveal-begin-refused-entry-to-u-k-in-1950s-1.371838">"British Documents Reveal: Begin Refused Entry to U.K. in 1950s"</a>. Haaretz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151127032220/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/british-documents-reveal-begin-refused-entry-to-u-k-in-1950s-1.371838">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=British+Documents+Reveal%3A+Begin+Refused+Entry+to+U.K.+in+1950s&rft.date=2011-07-07&rft.aulast=Oren&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fnews%2Fbritish-documents-reveal-begin-refused-entry-to-u-k-in-1950s-1.371838&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TEXTOFACCORDS2-43"><a href="#cite_ref-TEXTOFACCORDS2_43-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Guide%20to%20the%20Peace%20Process/Camp%20David%20Accords">"Camp David Accords"</a>. Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110903011255/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Guide%20to%20the%20Peace%20Process/Camp%20David%20Accords">Archived</a> 3 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-AccTxt2-44"><a href="#cite_ref-AccTxt2_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/EG%20IL_780917_Framework%20for%20peace%20in%20the%20MiddleEast%20agreed%20at%20Camp%20David.pdf">"Israel and Egypt: Framework for peace in the Middle East agreed at Camp David"</a> (PDF). UN Peacemaker. United Nations Treaty Series. 17 September 1978. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230407030223/https://peacemaker.un.org/sites/peacemaker.un.org/files/EG%20IL_780917_Framework%20for%20peace%20in%20the%20MiddleEast%20agreed%20at%20Camp%20David.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UN+Peacemaker&rft.atitle=Israel+and+Egypt%3A+Framework+for+peace+in+the+Middle+East+agreed+at+Camp+David&rft.date=1978-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeacemaker.un.org%2Fsites%2Fpeacemaker.un.org%2Ffiles%2FEG%2520IL_780917_Framework%2520for%2520peace%2520in%2520the%2520MiddleEast%2520agreed%2520at%2520Camp%2520David.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:32-45"><a href="#cite_ref-:32_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.morfix.co.il/%D7%9C%D6%B4%D7%9B%D6%BC%D7%95%D6%BC%D7%93%D6%B0%D7%A0%D6%B4%D7%99%D7%A7">"Likudnik"</a>. Milon Morfix. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017073629/http://www.morfix.co.il/%D7%9C%D6%B4%D7%9B%D6%BC%D7%95%D6%BC%D7%93%D6%B0%D7%A0%D6%B4%D7%99%D7%A7">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Likudnik&rft.pub=Milon+Morfix&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.morfix.co.il%2F%25D7%259C%25D6%25B4%25D7%259B%25D6%25BC%25D7%2595%25D6%25BC%25D7%2593%25D6%25B0%25D7%25A0%25D6%25B4%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hirschl3-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschl3_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hirschl3_46-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirschl2004" class="citation book cs1">Hirschl, Ran (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sv0nvGmUQHkC&pg=PA57">Towards Juristocracy: The Origins and Consequences of the New Constitutionalism</a>. Harvard University Press. pp. 57, 58. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-03867-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-03867-7"><bdi>978-0-674-03867-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Towards+Juristocracy%3A+The+Origins+and+Consequences+of+the+New+Constitutionalism&rft.pages=57%2C+58&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-674-03867-7&rft.aulast=Hirschl&rft.aufirst=Ran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsv0nvGmUQHkC%26pg%3DPA57&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoskovich2009" class="citation journal cs1">Moskovich, Yaffa (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regent.edu/acad/global/publications/ijls/new/vol4iss2/IJLS_Volume4_Issue2_2009.pdf">"Authoritarian Management Style in the Likud Party Under the Leadership of Benjamin Netanyahu"</a> (PDF). International Journal of Leadership Studies. 4 (2): 152. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924085613/http://www.regent.edu/acad/global/publications/ijls/new/vol4iss2/IJLS_Volume4_Issue2_2009.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Leadership+Studies&rft.atitle=Authoritarian+Management+Style+in+the+Likud+Party+Under+the+Leadership+of+Benjamin+Netanyahu&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=152&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Moskovich&rft.aufirst=Yaffa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.regent.edu%2Facad%2Fglobal%2Fpublications%2Fijls%2Fnew%2Fvol4iss2%2FIJLS_Volume4_Issue2_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreedman" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Freedman_(political_scientist)" title="Robert Freedman (political scientist)">Freedman, Robert Owen</a>. Israel in the Begin Era. Praeger. p. 25. <q>These divisions were especially underscored in the 1981 elections. During the Likud's first period in power there was a continuous conflict between the populist wing of the Likud, headed by David Levi of Herut, and the Liberal wing, along with...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Israel+in+the+Begin+Era&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.aulast=Freedman&rft.aufirst=Robert+Owen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart1983" class="citation news cs1">Hart, William (29 August 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/97836595">"Jewish leaders cite many factors leading to Begin's resignation"</a>. Detroit Free Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220216005358/http://www.newspapers.com/image/97836595/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2022 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Detroit+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Jewish+leaders+cite+many+factors+leading+to+Begin%27s+resignation&rft.date=1983-08-29&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F97836595&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShipler1983" class="citation news cs1">Shipler, David K. (3 September 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1983/09/03/world/shamir-wins-the-backing-of-factions-in-the-coalition.html">"Shamir Wins the Backing of Factions in the Coalition"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221103004142/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/09/03/world/shamir-wins-the-backing-of-factions-in-the-coalition.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Shamir+Wins+the+Backing+of+Factions+in+the+Coalition&rft.date=1983-09-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Shipler&rft.aufirst=David+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1983%2F09%2F03%2Fworld%2Fshamir-wins-the-backing-of-factions-in-the-coalition.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrinkley2012" class="citation news cs1">Brinkley, Joel (30 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/01/world/middleeast/yitzhak-shamir-former-prime-minister-of-israel-dies-at-96.html">"Yitzhak Shamir, Former Israeli Prime Minister, Dies at 96"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221103004143/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/01/world/middleeast/yitzhak-shamir-former-prime-minister-of-israel-dies-at-96.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yitzhak+Shamir%2C+Former+Israeli+Prime+Minister%2C+Dies+at+96&rft.date=2012-06-30&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Brinkley&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F07%2F01%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fyitzhak-shamir-former-prime-minister-of-israel-dies-at-96.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman1986" class="citation news cs1">Friedman, Thomas L. (21 October 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/21/world/man-in-the-news-israel-s-other-half-yitzhak-shamir.html">"Man in the News; Israel's Other Half: Yitzhak Shamir"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221103004145/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/21/world/man-in-the-news-israel-s-other-half-yitzhak-shamir.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Man+in+the+News%3B+Israel%27s+Other+Half%3A+Yitzhak+Shamir&rft.date=1986-10-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Thomas+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F10%2F21%2Fworld%2Fman-in-the-news-israel-s-other-half-yitzhak-shamir.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/1984/"><bdi lang="he">בחירות 1984</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Israel_Democracy_Institute" title="Israel Democracy Institute">Israel Democracy Institute</a> (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221125132109/https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/1984/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Democracy+Institute&rft.atitle=%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA+1984&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idi.org.il%2Fpolicy%2Fparties-and-elections%2Felections%2F1984%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/21/world/shamir-cabinet-sworn-in-according-to-rotation.html">"Shamir cabinet sworn in, according to rotation"</a>. The New York Times. 21 October 1986. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221105014411/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/21/world/shamir-cabinet-sworn-in-according-to-rotation.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Shamir+cabinet+sworn+in%2C+according+to+rotation&rft.date=1986-10-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1986%2F10%2F21%2Fworld%2Fshamir-cabinet-sworn-in-according-to-rotation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/1988/"><bdi lang="he">בחירות 1988</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Israel_Democracy_Institute" title="Israel Democracy Institute">Israel Democracy Institute</a> (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221125003826/https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/1988/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Democracy+Institute&rft.atitle=%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA+1988&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idi.org.il%2Fpolicy%2Fparties-and-elections%2Felections%2F1988%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cabinetis2-56"><a href="#cite_ref-cabinetis2_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrinkley1990" class="citation news cs1">Brinkley, Joel (16 March 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE1DB1F39F935A25750C0A966958260&scp=216&sq=peres+shamir&st=nyt">"Cabinet Is Ousted In Israeli Dispute Over Peace Talks"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128105248/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/16/world/cabinet-is-ousted-in-israeli-dispute-over-peace-talks.html?scp=216&sq=peres+shamir&st=nyt">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cabinet+Is+Ousted+In+Israeli+Dispute+Over+Peace+Talks&rft.date=1990-03-16&rft.aulast=Brinkley&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9C0CE1DB1F39F935A25750C0A966958260%26scp%3D216%26sq%3Dperes%2Bshamir%26st%3Dnyt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/1992/"><bdi lang="he">בחירות 1992</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Israel_Democracy_Institute" title="Israel Democracy Institute">Israel Democracy Institute</a> (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221124114522/https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/1992/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Democracy+Institute&rft.atitle=%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA+1992&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idi.org.il%2Fpolicy%2Fparties-and-elections%2Felections%2F1992%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-18661360">"Obituary: former Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir"</a>. BBC News. 30 June 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180706163856/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-18661360">Archived</a> from the original on 6 July 2018. Retrieved 6 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+former+Israeli+Prime+Minister+Yitzhak+Shamir&rft.date=2012-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-18661360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP25mar2-59"><a href="#cite_ref-AP25mar2_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaBelle1993" class="citation news cs1">LaBelle, G. G. (25 March 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/159303168">"Israel's Likud set to pick new leader"</a>. The News Journal. Wilmington, Delaware. The Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221104070653/https://www.newspapers.com/image/159303168">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+Journal&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Likud+set+to+pick+new+leader&rft.date=1993-03-25&rft.aulast=LaBelle&rft.aufirst=G.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F159303168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/MK/APPS/mk/mk-public-activity-publications/90">"Knesset Member Benjamin Netanyahu"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221106001718/https://main.knesset.gov.il/en/MK/APPS/mk/mk-public-activity-publications/90">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Knesset&rft.atitle=Knesset+Member+Benjamin+Netanyahu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmain.knesset.gov.il%2Fen%2FMK%2FAPPS%2Fmk%2Fmk-public-activity-publications%2F90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaberman1993" class="citation news cs1">Haberman, Clyde (26 March 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/26/world/israel-s-likud-passes-torch-naming-netanyahu-leader.html">"Israel's Likud Passes Torch, Naming Netanyahu Leader"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221106001719/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/26/world/israel-s-likud-passes-torch-naming-netanyahu-leader.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Likud+Passes+Torch%2C+Naming+Netanyahu+Leader&rft.date=1993-03-26&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=Clyde&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F03%2F26%2Fworld%2Fisrael-s-likud-passes-torch-naming-netanyahu-leader.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessel1996" class="citation news cs1">Kessel, Jerrold (11 February 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9602/israel_elex/02-11/index.html">"Israeli elections will test support for peace"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005003749/http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/9602/israel_elex/02-11/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 10 March 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Israeli+elections+will+test+support+for+peace&rft.date=1996-02-11&rft.aulast=Kessel&rft.aufirst=Jerrold&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FWORLD%2F9602%2Fisrael_elex%2F02-11%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrg.co.il/online/1/ART/977/618.html"><bdi lang="he">ראש הממשלה נתניהו. זוכרים?</bdi></a>. Maariv nrg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026044634/http://www.nrg.co.il/online/1/ART/977/618.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maariv+nrg&rft.atitle=%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%94+%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95.+%D7%96%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrg.co.il%2Fonline%2F1%2FART%2F977%2F618.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/25/world/shamir-opposing-netanyahu-takes-further-turn-to-right.html">"Shamir, Opposing Netanyahu, Takes Further Turn to Right"</a>. The New York Times. 25 March 1999. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219162202/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/25/world/shamir-opposing-netanyahu-takes-further-turn-to-right.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Shamir%2C+Opposing+Netanyahu%2C+Takes+Further+Turn+to+Right&rft.date=1999-03-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F03%2F25%2Fworld%2Fshamir-opposing-netanyahu-takes-further-turn-to-right.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/66029">"Kleiner Promoting Alternative to 'Disengagement' in the US"</a>. Israel National News. 20 July 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219162221/https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/66029">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+National+News&rft.atitle=Kleiner+Promoting+Alternative+to+%27Disengagement%27+in+the+US&rft.date=2004-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelnationalnews.com%2Fnews%2F66029&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson1998" class="citation web cs1">Wilkinson, Tracy (22 December 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-dec-22-mn-56594-story.html">"Lawmakers in Israel Dissolve Parliament"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219162202/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-dec-22-mn-56594-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Lawmakers+in+Israel+Dissolve+Parliament&rft.date=1998-12-22&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1998-dec-22-mn-56594-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaub1999" class="citation web cs1">Laub, Karin (18 May 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/fbb2f0be79d018e91baf571c26d8f71e">"Barak Defeats Netanyahu in Israel"</a>. AP News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219162206/https://apnews.com/article/fbb2f0be79d018e91baf571c26d8f71e">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Barak+Defeats+Netanyahu+in+Israel&rft.date=1999-05-18&rft.aulast=Laub&rft.aufirst=Karin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Ffbb2f0be79d018e91baf571c26d8f71e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kenig-68">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kenig_68-10">k</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenig2009" class="citation journal cs1">Kenig, Ofer (2009). "Democratizing Party Leadership Selection in Israel: A Balance Sheet". Israel Studies Forum. 24 (1): 62–81. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1557-2455">1557-2455</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41805011">41805011</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Studies+Forum&rft.atitle=Democratizing+Party+Leadership+Selection+in+Israel%3A+A+Balance+Sheet&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E62-%3C%2Fspan%3E81&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41805011%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=1557-2455&rft.aulast=Kenig&rft.aufirst=Ofer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lavie-69"><a href="#cite_ref-Lavie_69-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLavie1999" class="citation news cs1">Lavie, Mark (3 September 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/179167902">"Ariel Sharon wins control of Likud party in Israel"</a>. The Philadelphia Inquirer. The Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221105181551/https://www.newspapers.com/image/179167902">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2022. Retrieved 5 November 2022 – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Philadelphia+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Ariel+Sharon+wins+control+of+Likud+party+in+Israel&rft.date=1999-09-03&rft.aulast=Lavie&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F179167902&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBar-Gefen2000" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bar-Gefen, Linoy (10 December 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-326048,00.html"><bdi lang="he">ברק הגיש בצהריים את התפטרותו</bdi></a>. ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219162202/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-326048,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A7+%D7%94%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A9+%D7%91%D7%A6%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95&rft.date=2000-12-10&rft.aulast=Bar-Gefen&rft.aufirst=Linoy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-326048%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tri-71"><a href="#cite_ref-tri_71-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/nea/rls/22698.htm">"Trilateral Statement on the Middle East Peace Summit at Camp David"</a>. US Department of State. 25 July 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111024002324/http://2001-2009.state.gov/p/nea/rls/22698.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2011. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trilateral+Statement+on+the+Middle+East+Peace+Summit+at+Camp+David&rft.pub=US+Department+of+State&rft.date=2000-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F2001-2009.state.gov%2Fp%2Fnea%2Frls%2F22698.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSontag2001" class="citation news cs1">Sontag, Deborah (7 February 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/07/world/sharon-victory-overview-sharon-easily-ousts-barak-become-israel-s-premier-calls.html">"The Sharon Victory: The Overview; Sharon Easily Ousts Barak To Become Israel's Premier; Calls For A Reconciliation"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221120215448/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/07/world/sharon-victory-overview-sharon-easily-ousts-barak-become-israel-s-premier-calls.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Sharon+Victory%3A+The+Overview%3B+Sharon+Easily+Ousts+Barak+To+Become+Israel%27s+Premier%3B+Calls+For+A+Reconciliation&rft.date=2001-02-07&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Sontag&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F02%2F07%2Fworld%2Fsharon-victory-overview-sharon-easily-ousts-barak-become-israel-s-premier-calls.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/story/sharon-beats-netanyahu-in-likud-primary">"Sharon Beats Netanyahu in Likud Primary"</a>. Fox News Channel. 28 November 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080828161003/http://foxnews.com/story/0,2933,71685,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 August 2008. Retrieved 29 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sharon+Beats+Netanyahu+in+Likud+Primary&rft.date=2002-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fstory%2Fsharon-beats-netanyahu-in-likud-primary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/2005/09/05/sharon-netanyahu-likud-cx_0905_oxan_likud.html">"Early Election Likely To Follow Gaza Pullout"</a>. Forbes. 5 September 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219162203/https://www.forbes.com/2005/09/05/sharon-netanyahu-likud-cx_0905_oxan_likud.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Early+Election+Likely+To+Follow+Gaza+Pullout&rft.date=2005-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2F2005%2F09%2F05%2Fsharon-netanyahu-likud-cx_0905_oxan_likud.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyre2004" class="citation news cs1">Myre, Greg (28 May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/28/international/middleeast/facing-opposition-sharon-plans-debate-on-full.html">"Facing Opposition, Sharon Plans Debate on Full Withdrawal"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230219225702/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/28/international/middleeast/facing-opposition-sharon-plans-debate-on-full.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 19 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Facing+Opposition%2C+Sharon+Plans+Debate+on+Full+Withdrawal&rft.date=2004-05-28&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Myre&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F05%2F28%2Finternational%2Fmiddleeast%2Ffacing-opposition-sharon-plans-debate-on-full.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2005/3/23/sharon-budget-clears-first-hurdle">"Sharon budget clears first hurdle"</a>. Al-Jazeera. 25 March 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232116/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2005/3/23/sharon-budget-clears-first-hurdle">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Jazeera&rft.atitle=Sharon+budget+clears+first+hurdle&rft.date=2005-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2005%2F3%2F23%2Fsharon-budget-clears-first-hurdle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3065290,00.html"><bdi lang="he">הכנסת אישרה את תקציב המדינה לשנת 2005</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). 29 March 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232145/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3065290,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA+%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%94+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%91+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94+%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%AA+2005&rft.date=2005-03-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3065290%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyre2005" class="citation news cs1">Myre, Greg (26 September 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/26/international/middleeast/sharon-faces-leadership-vote-forced-by-political.html">"Sharon Faces Leadership Vote Forced by Political Opponents"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232457/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/26/international/middleeast/sharon-faces-leadership-vote-forced-by-political.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sharon+Faces+Leadership+Vote+Forced+by+Political+Opponents&rft.date=2005-09-26&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Myre&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F09%2F26%2Finternational%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsharon-faces-leadership-vote-forced-by-political.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMualemAlon2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mualem, Mazal; Alon, Gideon (7 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.co.il/misc/2005-11-07/ty-article/0000017f-dc11-d3ff-a7ff-fdb14a5e0000"><bdi lang="he">שרון נכשל בכנסת , אולמרט אושר בנפרד</bdi></a>. Haaretz (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128105248/https://www.haaretz.co.il/misc/2005-11-07/ty-article/0000017f-dc11-d3ff-a7ff-fdb14a5e0000">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F+%D7%A0%D7%9B%D7%A9%D7%9C+%D7%91%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA+%2C+%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%98+%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%A8+%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93&rft.date=2005-11-07&rft.aulast=Mualem&rft.aufirst=Mazal&rft.au=Alon%2C+Gideon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.co.il%2Fmisc%2F2005-11-07%2Fty-article%2F0000017f-dc11-d3ff-a7ff-fdb14a5e0000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomfalvi2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Somfalvi, Attila (20 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3172057,00.html"><bdi lang="he">פרץ במרכז העבודה: "מי למהפך החברתי - אלי"</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232149/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3172057,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A5+%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%96+%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94%3A+%22%D7%9E%D7%99+%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%9A+%D7%94%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%AA%D7%99+-+%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%22&rft.date=2005-11-20&rft.aulast=Somfalvi&rft.aufirst=Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3172057%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcianoSomfalvi2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Marciano, Ilan; Somfalvi, Attila (20 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3172187,00.html"><bdi lang="he">שרון החליט לפרוש מהליכוד</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232118/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3172187,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F+%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98+%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9+%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93&rft.date=2005-11-20&rft.aulast=Marciano&rft.aufirst=Ilan&rft.au=Somfalvi%2C+Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3172187%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSofer2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sofer, Roni (23 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3174013,00.html"><bdi lang="he">רשמית: מפלגת שרון - "קדימה" - יצאה לדרך</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232457/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3174013,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%3A+%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%AA+%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F+-+%22%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%94%22+-+%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%90%D7%94+%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%9A&rft.date=2005-11-23&rft.aulast=Sofer&rft.aufirst=Roni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3174013%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-83"><a href="#cite_ref-:9_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomfalvi2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Somfalvi, Attila (27 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3175717,00.html"><bdi lang="he">נתניהו פותח את הקמפיין להנהגת הליכוד</bdi></a> [Netanyahu begins campaign for leadership of the Likud]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232452/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3175717,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95+%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%97+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%92%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93&rft.date=2005-11-27&rft.aulast=Somfalvi&rft.aufirst=Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3175717%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-84"><a href="#cite_ref-:2_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomfalvi2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Somfalvi, Attila (9 August 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3124880,00.html"><bdi lang="he">לנדאו הכריז על מועמדותו לראשות הליכוד</bdi></a> [Landau has announced his candidacy for the chairmanship of the Likud]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232143/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3124880,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%90%D7%95+%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96+%D7%A2%D7%9C+%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%95+%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93&rft.date=2005-08-09&rft.aulast=Somfalvi&rft.aufirst=Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3124880%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-85"><a href="#cite_ref-:3_85-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomfalvi2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Somfalvi, Attila (24 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3174392,00.html"><bdi lang="he">מרכז הליכוד אישר: הפריימריז בחודש הבא</bdi></a> [The Likud's central committee has confirmed: Primaries will happen next month]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232452/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3174392,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%96+%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%3A+%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%96+%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A9+%D7%94%D7%91%D7%90&rft.date=2005-11-24&rft.aulast=Somfalvi&rft.aufirst=Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3174392%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYnet2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ynet, כתבי (11 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3182577,00.html"><bdi lang="he">כץ על עזיבת מופז: "מכה לאמינות הפוליטיקאים"</bdi></a> [Katz on Mofaz's departure: "A blow to trust in politicians"]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232141/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3182577,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%9B%D7%A5+%D7%A2%D7%9C+%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%99%D7%91%D7%AA+%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%96%3A+%22%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%94+%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9D%22&rft.date=2005-12-11&rft.aulast=Ynet&rft.aufirst=%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%99&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3182577%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-87"><a href="#cite_ref-:10_87-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasson2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hasson, Miri (30 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3177197,00.html"><bdi lang="he">פייגלין הודיע שיתמודד בליכוד: "צריך מסורת"</bdi></a> [Feiglin announced he would run in the Likud: "Tradition is Needed"]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232556/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3177197,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A2+%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%93%D7%93+%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93%3A+%22%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9A+%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA%22&rft.date=2005-11-30&rft.aulast=Hasson&rft.aufirst=Miri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3177197%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-88"><a href="#cite_ref-:4_88-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcianoSomfalvi2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Marciano, Ilan; Somfalvi, Attila (5 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3179491,00.html"><bdi lang="he">עוזי לנדאו פורש מהמירוץ, תומך בנתניהו</bdi></a> [Uzi Landau withdraws from race, supports Netanyahu]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230308152021/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3179491,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99+%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%90%D7%95+%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A9+%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A5%2C+%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%9A+%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95&rft.date=2005-12-05&rft.aulast=Marciano&rft.aufirst=Ilan&rft.au=Somfalvi%2C+Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3179491%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSofer2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sofer, Roni (11 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3182561,00.html"><bdi lang="he">מופז עוזב את הליכוד, עובר לקדימה</bdi></a> [Mofaz leaves Likud, moves to Kadima]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230308151759/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3182561,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%96+%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%96%D7%91+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93%2C+%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8+%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%94&rft.date=2005-12-11&rft.aulast=Sofer&rft.aufirst=Roni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3182561%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcianoSomfalvi2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Marciano, Ilan; Somfalvi, Attila (19 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3186995,00.html"><bdi lang="he">נתניהו: נחזור להנהגה, כולנו הולכים קדימה</bdi></a> [Netanyahu: we will return to leadership, we are all moving forwards]. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221232613/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3186995,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%3A+%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8+%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%92%D7%94%2C+%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%95+%D7%94%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%94&rft.date=2005-12-19&rft.aulast=Marciano&rft.aufirst=Ilan&rft.au=Somfalvi%2C+Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3186995%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToI_Staff" class="citation web cs1">ToI Staff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/far-right-ex-mk-feiglin-dips-feet-back-into-likud-after-failed-bid-to-go-solo/">"Far-right ex-MK Feiglin dips feet back into Likud after failed solo Knesset run"</a>. Times of Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225000213/https://www.timesofisrael.com/far-right-ex-mk-feiglin-dips-feet-back-into-likud-after-failed-bid-to-go-solo/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Far-right+ex-MK+Feiglin+dips+feet+back+into+Likud+after+failed+solo+Knesset+run&rft.au=ToI+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Ffar-right-ex-mk-feiglin-dips-feet-back-into-likud-after-failed-bid-to-go-solo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZohar2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script">Zohar, Avishay (21 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.makorrishon.co.il/nrg/online/1/ART1/023/085.html"><bdi lang="he">נתניהו לשלום: אשריין לך את המקום השני</bdi></a>. Makor Rishon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230221231956/https://www.makorrishon.co.il/nrg/online/1/ART1/023/085.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Makor+Rishon&rft.atitle=%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95+%D7%9C%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D%3A+%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%9C%D7%9A+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9D+%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%99&rft.date=2005-12-21&rft.aulast=Zohar&rft.aufirst=Avishay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.makorrishon.co.il%2Fnrg%2Fonline%2F1%2FART1%2F023%2F085.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/meast/12/19/likud.primaries/index.html">"Netanyahu set for Sharon clash"</a>. CNN. 19 December 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225000213/https://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/meast/12/19/likud.primaries/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+set+for+Sharon+clash&rft.date=2005-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2005%2FWORLD%2Fmeast%2F12%2F19%2Flikud.primaries%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoffe2014" class="citation news cs1">Joffe, Lawrence (11 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/11/ariel-sharon">"Ariel Sharon obituary"</a>. The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225000215/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/11/ariel-sharon">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2023. Retrieved 24 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ariel+Sharon+obituary&rft.date=2014-01-11&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Joffe&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Fjan%2F11%2Fariel-sharon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/2006/">"בחירות 2006"</a>. www.idi.org.il (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230308142748/https://www.idi.org.il/policy/parties-and-elections/elections/2006/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 25 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.idi.org.il&rft.atitle=%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA+2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idi.org.il%2Fpolicy%2Fparties-and-elections%2Felections%2F2006%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/2013-01-18/ty-article/.premium/nehemia-shtrasler-every-vote-counts/0000017f-f367-d487-abff-f3ffd4ad0000">"Every Vote Counts"</a>. Haaretz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128105400/https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/2013-01-18/ty-article/.premium/nehemia-shtrasler-every-vote-counts/0000017f-f367-d487-abff-f3ffd4ad0000">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 24 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Every+Vote+Counts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fopinion%2F2013-01-18%2Fty-article%2F.premium%2Fnehemia-shtrasler-every-vote-counts%2F0000017f-f367-d487-abff-f3ffd4ad0000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themarker.com/career/1.454094"><bdi lang="he">תוצאות סופיות בליכוד: נתניהו עם 73% הביס את פייגלין מהימין הקיצוני עם 23%</bdi></a>. TheMarker. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220502102639/https://www.themarker.com/career/1.454094">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheMarker&rft.atitle=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93%3A+%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95+%D7%A2%D7%9D+73%25+%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A1+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99+%D7%A2%D7%9D+23%25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themarker.com%2Fcareer%2F1.454094&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928223317/http://www.likud.org.il/files/wordocs/Prim_l.pdf"><bdi lang="he">סיכום פריימריס 2007 לפי אתר הצבעה</bdi></a> (PDF). Likud (in Hebrew). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.likud.org.il/files/wordocs/Prim_l.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 30 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Likud&rft.atitle=%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9D+%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1+2007+%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%99+%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A8+%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%94&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.likud.org.il%2Ffiles%2Fwordocs%2FPrim_l.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKershner2008" class="citation news cs1">Kershner, Isabel (31 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/31/world/middleeast/31mideast.html">"Olmert to Quit After Elections in September"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230530121645/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/31/world/middleeast/31mideast.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 28 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Olmert+to+Quit+After+Elections+in+September&rft.date=2008-07-31&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Kershner&rft.aufirst=Isabel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F07%2F31%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2F31mideast.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadzini2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Madzini, Ronen (21 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3599974,00.html"><bdi lang="he">תם עידן: אולמרט הגיש מכתב התפטרות לנשיא</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230228000535/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3599974,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%AA%D7%9D+%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%93%D7%9F%3A+%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%98+%D7%94%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A9+%D7%9E%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91+%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90&rft.date=2008-09-21&rft.aulast=Madzini&rft.aufirst=Ronen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-3599974%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/elections/2009/">"2009 Israeli election"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Israel_Democracy_Institute" title="Israel Democracy Institute">Israel Democracy Institute</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230401015213/https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/elections/2009/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Democracy+Institute&rft.atitle=2009+Israeli+election&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.idi.org.il%2Fisraeli-elections-and-parties%2Felections%2F2009%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.co.il/news/politics/2009-02-19/ty-article/0000017f-e3af-d804-ad7f-f3ffd6de0000"><bdi lang="he">בחירות 2009 | אביגדור ליברמן אמר את דברו: בנימין נתניהו יהיה ראש הממשלה הבא</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a> (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128105403/https://www.haaretz.co.il/news/politics/2009-02-19/ty-article/0000017f-e3af-d804-ad7f-f3ffd6de0000">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 28 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA+2009+%7C+%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8+%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%9F+%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%93%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%3A+%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F+%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95+%D7%99%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94+%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%94+%D7%94%D7%91%D7%90&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.co.il%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2009-02-19%2Fty-article%2F0000017f-e3af-d804-ad7f-f3ffd6de0000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomfalvi2011" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Somfalvi, Attila (17 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4014698,00.html"><bdi lang="he">אהוד ברק כתב: נמשיך את מסורת מפא"י</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230308141134/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4014698,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%90%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A7+%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%91%3A+%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9A+%D7%90%D7%AA+%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA+%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%22%D7%99&rft.date=2011-01-17&rft.aulast=Somfalvi&rft.aufirst=Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-4014698%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-result-104"><a href="#cite_ref-result_104-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/opinion/netanyahu-won-the-likud-battle-but-he-may-lose-the-war-1.410721">"Netanyahu won the Likud battle, but he may lose the war"</a>. Haaretz. 3 February 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210301182805/https://www.haaretz.com/1.5180842">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+won+the+Likud+battle%2C+but+he+may+lose+the+war&rft.date=2012-02-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fopinion%2Fnetanyahu-won-the-likud-battle-but-he-may-lose-the-war-1.410721&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAzulaySomfalvi2012" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Azulay, Moran; Somfalvi, Attila (17 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4256776,00.html"><bdi lang="he">מופז פרש מהממשלה: "נתניהו בחר במשתמטים"</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230301004459/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4256776,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%96+%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A9+%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%94%3A+%22%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95+%D7%91%D7%97%D7%A8+%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9D%22&rft.date=2012-07-17&rft.aulast=Azulay&rft.aufirst=Moran&rft.au=Somfalvi%2C+Attila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-4256776%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/16/israeli-parliament-dissolved-early-elections">"Israeli parliament dissolved ahead of early elections"</a>. The Guardian. 16 October 2012. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307220007/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/oct/16/israeli-parliament-dissolved-early-elections">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Israeli+parliament+dissolved+ahead+of+early+elections&rft.date=2012-10-16&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2012%2Foct%2F16%2Fisraeli-parliament-dissolved-early-elections&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeshem" class="citation news cs1">Leshem, Elie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-announces-merger-with-israel-beytenu-promises-to-lead-with-strength/">"Netanyahu, Liberman announce they'll run joint list for Knesset"</a>. The Times of Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121027064830/http://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-announces-merger-with-israel-beytenu-promises-to-lead-with-strength/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 October 2012. Retrieved 27 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Netanyahu%2C+Liberman+announce+they%27ll+run+joint+list+for+Knesset&rft.aulast=Leshem&rft.aufirst=Elie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fnetanyahu-announces-merger-with-israel-beytenu-promises-to-lead-with-strength%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Liberman-Every-politician-wants-to-become-PM">"Liberman: Every politician wants to become PM"</a>. The Jerusalem Post. 26 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151011154819/http://www.jpost.com/Diplomacy-and-Politics/Liberman-Every-politician-wants-to-become-PM">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Liberman%3A+Every+politician+wants+to+become+PM&rft.date=2012-10-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FDiplomacy-and-Politics%2FLiberman-Every-politician-wants-to-become-PM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerter2013" class="citation news cs1">Verter, Yossi (6 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/israel/lieberman-yisrael-beiteinu-s-marriage-to-likud-ends-at-election.premium-1.492096">"Lieberman: Yisrael Beiteinu's marriage to Likud ends at election"</a>. Haaretz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017073629/http://www.haaretz.com/news/israel/lieberman-yisrael-beiteinu-s-marriage-to-likud-ends-at-election.premium-1.492096">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Lieberman%3A+Yisrael+Beiteinu%27s+marriage+to+Likud+ends+at+election&rft.date=2013-01-06&rft.aulast=Verter&rft.aufirst=Yossi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fnews%2Fisrael%2Flieberman-yisrael-beiteinu-s-marriage-to-likud-ends-at-election.premium-1.492096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGur" class="citation web cs1">Gur, Haviv Rettig. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-yisrael-beytenu-to-sever-joint-knesset-list/">"Liberman dissolves Likud-Beytenu Knesset partnership"</a>. Times of Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230304000529/https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-yisrael-beytenu-to-sever-joint-knesset-list/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Liberman+dissolves+Likud-Beytenu+Knesset+partnership&rft.aulast=Gur&rft.aufirst=Haviv+Rettig&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Flikud-yisrael-beytenu-to-sever-joint-knesset-list%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanders2013" class="citation web cs1">Sanders, Edmund (2 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/news/world/worldnow/la-fg-netanyahu-asked-to-put-together-new-government-20130202,0,2826558.story">"Netanyahu officially asked to put together new Israeli government"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Los_Angeles_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Los Angeles Times">The Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130203080225/http://www.latimes.com/news/world/worldnow/la-fg-netanyahu-asked-to-put-together-new-government-20130202,0,2826558.story">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2013. Retrieved 27 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+officially+asked+to+put+together+new+Israeli+government&rft.date=2013-02-02&rft.aulast=Sanders&rft.aufirst=Edmund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fworldnow%2Fla-fg-netanyahu-asked-to-put-together-new-government-20130202%2C0%2C2826558.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4335940,00.html"><bdi lang="he">תוצאות האמת: ליכוד 31, לפיד 19, עבודה רק 15</bdi></a>. Ynet (in Hebrew). 23 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230304000524/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4335940,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2023. Retrieved 3 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ynet&rft.atitle=%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%AA%3A+%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93+31%2C+%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%93+19%2C+%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94+%D7%A8%D7%A7+15&rft.date=2013-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ynet.co.il%2Farticles%2F0%2C7340%2CL-4335940%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/with-no-time-to-spare-a-government-is-formed/">"Jewish Home, Yesh Atid ink coalition deal with Likud-Beytenu"</a>. Times of Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307215826/https://www.timesofisrael.com/with-no-time-to-spare-a-government-is-formed/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Jewish+Home%2C+Yesh+Atid+ink+coalition+deal+with+Likud-Beytenu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fwith-no-time-to-spare-a-government-is-formed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/israel-s-benjamin-netanyahu-fires-2-ministers-election-likely-1.2857502">"Israel's Benjamin Netanyahu fires 2 ministers, election likely"</a>. CBC News. 2 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504164200/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/israel-s-benjamin-netanyahu-fires-2-ministers-election-likely-1.2857502">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Benjamin+Netanyahu+fires+2+ministers%2C+election+likely&rft.date=2014-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fisrael-s-benjamin-netanyahu-fires-2-ministers-election-likely-1.2857502&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-israel-politics-idUSKCN0JF1MR20141201">"Netanyahu says Israel could be headed to early election"</a>. Reuters. 1 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307215820/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-israel-politics-idUSKCN0JF1MR20141201">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+says+Israel+could+be+headed+to+early+election&rft.date=2014-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-mideast-israel-politics-idUSKCN0JF1MR20141201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TOI2-116"><a href="#cite_ref-TOI2_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/knesset-votes-unanimously-to-dissolve-ushering-in-new-elections/">"Times of Israel"</a>. Knesset votes to dissolve, sets new elections for March 17. 8 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516081133/https://www.timesofisrael.com/knesset-votes-unanimously-to-dissolve-ushering-in-new-elections/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Knesset+votes+to+dissolve%2C+sets+new+elections+for+March+17&rft.atitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.date=2014-12-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fknesset-votes-unanimously-to-dissolve-ushering-in-new-elections%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-claims-victory-as-vote-count-shows-likud-further-ahead/">"Netanyahu scores crushing victory in Israeli elections"</a>. Times of Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307215826/https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-claims-victory-as-vote-count-shows-likud-further-ahead/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+scores+crushing+victory+in+Israeli+elections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fnetanyahu-claims-victory-as-vote-count-shows-likud-further-ahead%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudoren2015" class="citation news cs1">Rudoren, Jodi (6 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/07/world/middleeast/netanyahu-israel-coalition-government.html">"Netanyahu Forms an Israeli Government, With Minutes to Spare"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307215805/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/07/world/middleeast/netanyahu-israel-coalition-government.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+Forms+an+Israeli+Government%2C+With+Minutes+to+Spare&rft.date=2015-05-06&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Rudoren&rft.aufirst=Jodi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F05%2F07%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fnetanyahu-israel-coalition-government.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiebermann2016" class="citation web cs1">Liebermann, Oren (25 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2016/05/25/middleeast/israel-netanyahu-nationalist-party/index.html">"Israel's Netanyahu moves government further to the right"</a>. CNN. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307215744/https://www.cnn.com/2016/05/25/middleeast/israel-netanyahu-nationalist-party/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Netanyahu+moves+government+further+to+the+right&rft.date=2016-05-25&rft.aulast=Liebermann&rft.aufirst=Oren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2016%2F05%2F25%2Fmiddleeast%2Fisrael-netanyahu-nationalist-party%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWootliff" class="citation web cs1">Wootliff, Raoul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/20th-knesset-officially-dissolves-sets-elections-for-april-9-2019/">"20th Knesset officially dissolves, sets elections for April 9, 2019"</a>. Times of Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190419001001/https://www.timesofisrael.com/20th-knesset-officially-dissolves-sets-elections-for-april-9-2019/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=20th+Knesset+officially+dissolves%2C+sets+elections+for+April+9%2C+2019&rft.aulast=Wootliff&rft.aufirst=Raoul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2F20th-knesset-officially-dissolves-sets-elections-for-april-9-2019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/elections/.premium-netanyahu-to-right-wing-party-merge-with-kahanists-and-get-key-portfolios-1.6956512">"Top Posts for Merging With Kahanists: Netanyahu, Far-right Party Reach Deal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a>. 20 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191110035831/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/elections/.premium-netanyahu-to-right-wing-party-merge-with-kahanists-and-get-key-portfolios-1.6956512">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Top+Posts+for+Merging+With+Kahanists%3A+Netanyahu%2C+Far-right+Party+Reach+Deal&rft.date=2019-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2Felections%2F.premium-netanyahu-to-right-wing-party-merge-with-kahanists-and-get-key-portfolios-1.6956512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewman" class="citation web cs1">Newman, Marissa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-okays-merger-with-kulanu-confirms-netanyahu-as-pm-candidate/">"Likud okays merger with Kulanu, confirms Netanyahu as PM candidate"</a>. Times of Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190528180405/https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-okays-merger-with-kulanu-confirms-netanyahu-as-pm-candidate/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2019. Retrieved 9 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Likud+okays+merger+with+Kulanu%2C+confirms+Netanyahu+as+PM+candidate&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Marissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Flikud-okays-merger-with-kulanu-confirms-netanyahu-as-pm-candidate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman2019" class="citation news cs1">Hoffman, Gil (29 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Netanyahu-promises-Zehuts-Feiglin-ministerial-position-in-government-600099">"Netanyahu promises Feiglin ministry so that Zehut Party ends race"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Jerusalem_Post" title="The Jerusalem Post">The Jerusalem Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210421155717/https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/netanyahu-promises-zehuts-feiglin-ministerial-position-in-government-600099">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+promises+Feiglin+ministry+so+that+Zehut+Party+ends+race&rft.date=2019-08-29&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Gil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FBreaking-News%2FNetanyahu-promises-Zehuts-Feiglin-ministerial-position-in-government-600099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWootliff2019" class="citation web cs1">Wootliff, Raoul (27 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-declares-victory-in-likud-primary-appears-headed-for-landslide-win/">"Netanyahu quashes Likud leadership challenge from Sa'ar with over 72%"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191229065542/https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-declares-victory-in-likud-primary-appears-headed-for-landslide-win/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+quashes+Likud+leadership+challenge+from+Sa%27ar+with+over+72%25&rft.date=2019-12-27&rft.aulast=Wootliff&rft.aufirst=Raoul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fnetanyahu-declares-victory-in-likud-primary-appears-headed-for-landslide-win%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/former-likud-mks-who-joined-saar-we-wont-enter-a-coalition-with-netanyahu/">"'He's dangerous': Ex-Likud MK who joined Sa'ar rules out gov't with Netanyahu"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Times_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Times of Israel">Times of Israel</a>. 27 December 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210127145857/https://www.timesofisrael.com/former-likud-mks-who-joined-saar-we-wont-enter-a-coalition-with-netanyahu/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=%27He%27s+dangerous%27%3A+Ex-Likud+MK+who+joined+Sa%27ar+rules+out+gov%27t+with+Netanyahu&rft.date=2020-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fformer-likud-mks-who-joined-saar-we-wont-enter-a-coalition-with-netanyahu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.israelhayom.com/2021/02/08/likud-edges-up-left-bloc-slumps-in-polls/">"Likud edges up, Left bloc slumps in polls"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Israel_Hayom" title="Israel Hayom">Israel Hayom</a>. 8 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220119233803/https://www.israelhayom.com/2021/02/08/likud-edges-up-left-bloc-slumps-in-polls/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Hayom&rft.atitle=Likud+edges+up%2C+Left+bloc+slumps+in+polls&rft.date=2021-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelhayom.com%2F2021%2F02%2F08%2Flikud-edges-up-left-bloc-slumps-in-polls%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-04/netanyahu-s-likud-names-muslim-candidate-to-woo-israel-s-arabs">"Netanyahu's Likud Names Muslim Candidate to Woo Israel's Arabs"</a>. Bloomberg.com. 4 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210228163852/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-02-04/netanyahu-s-likud-names-muslim-candidate-to-woo-israel-s-arabs">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Netanyahu%27s+Likud+Names+Muslim+Candidate+to+Woo+Israel%27s+Arabs&rft.date=2021-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-02-04%2Fnetanyahu-s-likud-names-muslim-candidate-to-woo-israel-s-arabs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-elections/israel-elections-netanyahu-pushes-kahanist-into-knesset-657724">"Israel elections: Netanyahu pushes Kahanist into Knesset"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerusalem Post">Jerusalem Post</a>. 3 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210203190735/https://www.jpost.com/israel-elections/israel-elections-netanyahu-pushes-kahanist-into-knesset-657724">Archived</a> from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Israel+elections%3A+Netanyahu+pushes+Kahanist+into+Knesset&rft.date=2021-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2Fisrael-elections%2Fisrael-elections-netanyahu-pushes-kahanist-into-knesset-657724&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.srugim.co.il/571778-%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA-%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A8-%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8-%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A8-%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94">"Official: Ofir Sofer returns to the Religious Zionist Party"</a>. Srugim (in Hebrew). 14 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614162328/https://www.srugim.co.il/571778-%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA-%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A8-%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8-%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A8-%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Srugim&rft.atitle=Official%3A+Ofir+Sofer+returns+to+the+Religious+Zionist+Party&rft.date=2021-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.srugim.co.il%2F571778-%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A9%25D7%259E%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA-%25D7%2590%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%2599%25D7%25A8-%25D7%25A1%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8-%25D7%2597%25D7%2595%25D7%2596%25D7%25A8-%25D7%259C%25D7%259E%25D7%25A4%25D7%259C%25D7%2592%25D7%25AA-%25D7%2594%25D7%25A6%25D7%2599%25D7%2595%25D7%25A0%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA-%25D7%2594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inn.co.il/news/495823">"Ophir Sofer returns, Yamina waiting for Shai Maimon"</a>. Arutz 7 (in Hebrew). 14 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614173033/https://www.inn.co.il/news/495823">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arutz+7&rft.atitle=Ophir+Sofer+returns%2C+Yamina+waiting+for+Shai+Maimon&rft.date=2021-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inn.co.il%2Fnews%2F495823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKingsley2022" class="citation news cs1">Kingsley, Patrick (3 November 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/03/world/middleeast/israel-netanyahu-election.html">"Lapid Concedes in Israel, Paving Way for Netanyahu's Return to Power"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221103104740/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/03/world/middleeast/israel-netanyahu-election.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 3 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Lapid+Concedes+in+Israel%2C+Paving+Way+for+Netanyahu%27s+Return+to+Power&rft.date=2022-11-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Kingsley&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F11%2F03%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fisrael-netanyahu-election.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Federman-132"><a href="#cite_ref-Federman_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosef_Federman2014" class="citation news cs1">Josef Federman (2 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150128112113/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/c9c7032393144183ae9a0c98b2ee3518/israel-appears-road-early-elections">"Israeli government crumbles; new election planned"</a>. Associated Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/c9c7032393144183ae9a0c98b2ee3518/israel-appears-road-early-elections">the original</a> on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015. <q>Netanyahu's own Likud party is divided between more-centrist old timers and a young guard of hard-line ideologues.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Israeli+government+crumbles%3B+new+election+planned&rft.date=2014-12-02&rft.au=Josef+Federman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbigstory.ap.org%2Farticle%2Fc9c7032393144183ae9a0c98b2ee3518%2Fisrael-appears-road-early-elections&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-national-133"><a href="#cite_ref-national_133-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShamir2017" class="citation book cs1">Shamir, Michal (2017). The Elections in Israel 2015. Taylor & Francis. p. 77.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Elections+in+Israel+2015&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Shamir&rft.aufirst=Michal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/original-party-platform-of-the-likud-party">"Original Party Platform of the Likud Party"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231115202508/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/original-party-platform-of-the-likud-party">Archived</a> from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Original+Party+Platform+of+the+Likud+Party&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Foriginal-party-platform-of-the-likud-party&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2023/11/09/1211671117/how-interpretations-of-the-phrase-from-the-river-to-the-sea-made-it-so-divisive">"Archived copy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231111164640/https://www.npr.org/2023/11/09/1211671117/how-interpretations-of-the-phrase-from-the-river-to-the-sea-made-it-so-divisive">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2023%2F11%2F09%2F1211671117%2Fhow-interpretations-of-the-phrase-from-the-river-to-the-sea-made-it-so-divisive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-platform-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-platform_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-platform_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181442/https://www.knesset.gov.il/elections/knesset15/elikud_m.htm">"Likud – Platform"</a>. knesset.gov.il. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knesset.gov.il/elections/knesset15/elikud_m.htm">the original</a> on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Likud+%E2%80%93+Platform&rft.pub=knesset.gov.il&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.knesset.gov.il%2Felections%2Fknesset15%2Felikud_m.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100329092340/http://en.netanyahu.org.il/Themes-of/security/">"Benjamin Netanyahu – National Security"</a>. En.netanyahu.org.il. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.netanyahu.org.il/Themes-of/security/">the original</a> on 29 March 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Benjamin+Netanyahu+%E2%80%93+National+Security&rft.pub=En.netanyahu.org.il&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.netanyahu.org.il%2FThemes-of%2Fsecurity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcgirk-138"><a href="#cite_ref-mcgirk_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGirk2009" class="citation magazine cs1">McGirk, Tim (18 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1896731,00.html?iid=tsmodule">"Israel's Netanyahu: Taking a Turn Toward Pragmatism?"</a>. Time. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017073628/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1896731,00.html?iid=tsmodule">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Netanyahu%3A+Taking+a+Turn+Toward+Pragmatism%3F&rft.date=2009-05-18&rft.aulast=McGirk&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C1896731%2C00.html%3Fiid%3Dtsmodule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/full-text-of-netanyahu-s-foreign-policy-speech-at-bar-ilan-1.277922">"Full text of Netanyahu's foreign policy speech at Bar Ilan"</a>. Haaretz. 14 June 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180101042731/https://www.haaretz.com/news/full-text-of-netanyahu-s-foreign-policy-speech-at-bar-ilan-1.277922">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2018. Retrieved 20 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Full+text+of+Netanyahu%27s+foreign+policy+speech+at+Bar+Ilan&rft.date=2009-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fnews%2Ffull-text-of-netanyahu-s-foreign-policy-speech-at-bar-ilan-1.277922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-www.haaretz.com-140">^ <a href="#cite_ref-www.haaretz.com_140-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-www.haaretz.com_140-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarak_Ravid" class="citation news cs1">Barak Ravid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/israel-election-2015/1.647212">"Netanyahu: If I'm elected, there will be no Palestinian state"</a>. Haaretz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150320075022/http://www.haaretz.com/news/israel-election-2015/1.647212">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Netanyahu%3A+If+I%27m+elected%2C+there+will+be+no+Palestinian+state&rft.au=Barak+Ravid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fnews%2Fisrael-election-2015%2F1.647212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarriet_Salem2015" class="citation news cs1">Harriet Salem (19 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.vice.com/article/us-says-it-will-re-evaluate-approach-to-israeli-palestinian-conflict-after-netanyahu-election-win">"Netanyahu Backtracks on Election Pledge to Refuse a Two-State Solution After Sharp Words from the US"</a>. Vice News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150713152617/https://news.vice.com/article/us-says-it-will-re-evaluate-approach-to-israeli-palestinian-conflict-after-netanyahu-election-win">Archived</a> from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 27 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+Backtracks+on+Election+Pledge+to+Refuse+a+Two-State+Solution+After+Sharp+Words+from+the+US&rft.date=2015-03-19&rft.au=Harriet+Salem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.vice.com%2Farticle%2Fus-says-it-will-re-evaluate-approach-to-israeli-palestinian-conflict-after-netanyahu-election-win&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.likud.org.il/images/huka/hukalikud080514.pdf"><bdi lang="he">הליכוד תנועה לאומית ליברלית: חוקת התנועה</bdi></a> (PDF). Likud.org.il (in Hebrew). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140817050548/http://www.likud.org.il/images/huka/hukalikud080514.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Likud.org.il&rft.atitle=%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93+%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94+%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA%3A+%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.likud.org.il%2Fimages%2Fhuka%2Fhukalikud080514.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150701081041/http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-1000561032">"MK Regev calls for 80% tax on top earners"</a>. Globes. 23 May 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-1000561032">the original</a> on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Globes&rft.atitle=MK+Regev+calls+for+80%25+tax+on+top+earners&rft.date=2010-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globes.co.il%2Fen%2Farticle-1000561032&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoshko1990" class="citation news cs1">Goshko, John (13 June 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1990/06/14/baker-says-israel-must-compromise/49371de6-8137-48cb-996f-9af3177c2d63/">"BAKER SAYS ISRAEL MUST COMPROMISE: SECRETARY WARNS OF HALT IN EFFORT TO REVIVE MIDEAST PEACE PROCESS"</a>. The Washington Post. Retrieved 4 February 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=BAKER+SAYS+ISRAEL+MUST+COMPROMISE%3A+SECRETARY+WARNS+OF+HALT+IN+EFFORT+TO+REVIVE+MIDEAST+PEACE+PROCESS&rft.date=1990-06-13&rft.aulast=Goshko&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1990%2F06%2F14%2Fbaker-says-israel-must-compromise%2F49371de6-8137-48cb-996f-9af3177c2d63%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: url-status (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="Category:CS1 maint: url-status">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKershner2009" class="citation news cs1">Kershner, Isabel (14 June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/15/world/middleeast/15mideast.html">"Netanyahu Backs Palestinian State, With Caveats"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 5 February 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+Backs+Palestinian+State%2C+With+Caveats&rft.date=2009-06-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Kershner&rft.aufirst=Isabel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F06%2F15%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2F15mideast.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iemed.org/publication/israels-disengagement-plan-conception-and-implementation/">"Israel's Disengagement Plan: Conception and Implementation"</a>. www.iemed.org. Retrieved 5 February 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.iemed.org&rft.atitle=Israel%E2%80%99s+Disengagement+Plan%3A+Conception+and+Implementation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iemed.org%2Fpublication%2Fisraels-disengagement-plan-conception-and-implementation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeist_Pinfold2023" class="citation journal cs1">Geist Pinfold, Rob (1 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/isp/article/24/1/67/6762979">"Security, Terrorism, and Territorial Withdrawal: Critically Reassessing the Lessons of Israel's "Unilateral Disengagement" from the Gaza Strip"</a>. International Studies Perspectives. 24 (1): 67–87. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fisp%2Fekac013">10.1093/isp/ekac013</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1528-3577">1528-3577</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Studies+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Security%2C+Terrorism%2C+and+Territorial+Withdrawal%3A+Critically+Reassessing+the+Lessons+of+Israel%27s+%E2%80%9CUnilateral+Disengagement%E2%80%9D+from+the+Gaza+Strip&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E67-%3C%2Fspan%3E87&rft.date=2023-02-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fisp%2Fekac013&rft.issn=1528-3577&rft.aulast=Geist+Pinfold&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fisp%2Farticle%2F24%2F1%2F67%2F6762979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150701082429/http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-789560">"Shalom supports disengagement plan"</a>. Globes. 19 April 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globes.co.il/en/article-789560">the original</a> on 1 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Globes&rft.atitle=Shalom+supports+disengagement+plan&rft.date=2004-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globes.co.il%2Fen%2Farticle-789560&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMualem2004" class="citation news cs1">Mualem, Mazal (19 April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/netanyahu-livnat-support-sharon-s-disengagement-plan-1.120041">"Netanyahu, Livnat support Sharon's disengagement plan"</a>. Haaretz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924225234/http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/netanyahu-livnat-support-sharon-s-disengagement-plan-1.120041">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Netanyahu%2C+Livnat+support+Sharon%27s+disengagement+plan&rft.date=2004-04-19&rft.aulast=Mualem&rft.aufirst=Mazal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fprint-edition%2Fnews%2Fnetanyahu-livnat-support-sharon-s-disengagement-plan-1.120041&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen_Zion2018" class="citation web cs1">Ben Zion, Ilan (1 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/general-news-international-news-d28bc075595745d49714ca0a4f29bcc2">"Israel's Likud party members call for annexing settlements"</a>. AP News. Retrieved 5 February 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Likud+party+members+call+for+annexing+settlements&rft.date=2018-01-01&rft.aulast=Ben+Zion&rft.aufirst=Ilan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Fgeneral-news-international-news-d28bc075595745d49714ca0a4f29bcc2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vox0910-151">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vox0910_151-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vox0910_151-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeauchamp2023" class="citation news cs1">Beauchamp, Zack (9 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/23910085/netanyahu-israel-right-hamas-gaza-war-history">"Benjamin Netanyahu failed Israel"</a>. Vox. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231010010626/https://www.vox.com/23910085/netanyahu-israel-right-hamas-gaza-war-history">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vox&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Netanyahu+failed+Israel&rft.date=2023-10-09&rft.aulast=Beauchamp&rft.aufirst=Zack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F23910085%2Fnetanyahu-israel-right-hamas-gaza-war-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShumsky2023" class="citation news cs1">Shumsky, Dmitry (11 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-11/ty-article/.premium/netanyahu-needed-a-strong-hamas/0000018b-1e9f-d47b-a7fb-bfdfd8f30000">"Why Did Netanyahu Want to Strengthen Hamas?"</a>. Haaretz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231015020543/https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-11/ty-article/.premium/netanyahu-needed-a-strong-hamas/0000018b-1e9f-d47b-a7fb-bfdfd8f30000">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Why+Did+Netanyahu+Want+to+Strengthen+Hamas%3F&rft.date=2023-10-11&rft.aulast=Shumsky&rft.aufirst=Dmitry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F2023-10-11%2Fty-article%2F.premium%2Fnetanyahu-needed-a-strong-hamas%2F0000018b-1e9f-d47b-a7fb-bfdfd8f30000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/19/world/middleeast/netanyahu-israel-election-government.html">"Win in Israel Sets Netanyahu on Path to Rebuild and Redefine Government"</a>. The New York Times. 18 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150717050408/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/19/world/middleeast/netanyahu-israel-election-government.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Win+in+Israel+Sets+Netanyahu+on+Path+to+Rebuild+and+Redefine+Government&rft.date=2015-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F03%2F19%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fnetanyahu-israel-election-government.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudorenAshkenas2015" class="citation news cs1">Rudoren, Jodi; <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Ashkenas" title="Jeremy Ashkenas">Ashkenas, Jeremy</a> (12 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/03/12/world/middleeast/netanyahu-west-bank-settlements-israel-election.html">"Netanyahu and the Settlements"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221213053804/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/03/12/world/middleeast/netanyahu-west-bank-settlements-israel-election.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+and+the+Settlements&rft.date=2015-03-12&rft.aulast=Rudoren&rft.aufirst=Jodi&rft.au=Ashkenas%2C+Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2015%2F03%2F12%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fnetanyahu-west-bank-settlements-israel-election.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-racist-155"><a href="#cite_ref-racist_155-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalbfinger2019" class="citation news cs1">Halbfinger, David M. (24 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/24/world/middleeast/benjamin-netanyahu-otzma-yehudit-jewish-power.html">"Netanyahu Sparks Outrage Over Pact With Racist Party"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190225033056/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/24/world/middleeast/benjamin-netanyahu-otzma-yehudit-jewish-power.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2019. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+Sparks+Outrage+Over+Pact+With+Racist+Party&rft.date=2019-02-24&rft.aulast=Halbfinger&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F02%2F24%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fbenjamin-netanyahu-otzma-yehudit-jewish-power.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolmes2019" class="citation news cs1">Holmes, Oliver (18 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/sep/18/arab-turnout-in-israel-election-rises-despite-racist-campaigns">"Arab turnout in Israel election rises despite racist campaigns"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221206022154/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/sep/18/arab-turnout-in-israel-election-rises-despite-racist-campaigns">Archived</a> from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Arab+turnout+in+Israel+election+rises+despite+racist+campaigns&rft.date=2019-09-18&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2019%2Fsep%2F18%2Farab-turnout-in-israel-election-rises-despite-racist-campaigns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTarnopolsky2020" class="citation news cs1">Tarnopolsky, Noga (3 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enewspaper.latimes.com/infinity/article_share.aspx?guid=33e776a5-0c37-46da-98da-b3546085ef6d">"Netanyahu ramps up anti-Arab rhetoric"</a>. The Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240128105907/https://enewspaper.latimes.com/infinity/article_share.aspx?guid=33e776a5-0c37-46da-98da-b3546085ef6d">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2024. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+ramps+up+anti-Arab+rhetoric&rft.date=2020-08-03&rft.aulast=Tarnopolsky&rft.aufirst=Noga&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenewspaper.latimes.com%2Finfinity%2Farticle_share.aspx%3Fguid%3D33e776a5-0c37-46da-98da-b3546085ef6d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sharkansky-158"><a href="#cite_ref-Sharkansky_158-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharkansy2003" class="citation book cs1">Sharkansy, Ira (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=if5Yvv65PGgC&pg=PA65">Coping with Terror: An Israeli Perspective</a>. Lexington. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-0684-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-0684-6"><bdi>978-0-7391-0684-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Coping+with+Terror%3A+An+Israeli+Perspective&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Lexington&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7391-0684-6&rft.aulast=Sharkansy&rft.aufirst=Ira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dif5Yvv65PGgC%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IDI-159">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IDI_159-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDI_159-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDI_159-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.idi.org.il/tools-and-data/israeli-elections-and-parties/political-parties/likud">"Israeli Elections and Parties: Likud"</a>. The Israel Democracy Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140904053244/http://en.idi.org.il/tools-and-data/israeli-elections-and-parties/political-parties/likud/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 11 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israeli+Elections+and+Parties%3A+Likud&rft.pub=The+Israel+Democracy+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.idi.org.il%2Ftools-and-data%2Fisraeli-elections-and-parties%2Fpolitical-parties%2Flikud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArian2004" class="citation book cs1">Arian, Asher (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I2PYTmFwQxcC&pg=PA191">"Chapter Seven: Elections and Voting Patterns"</a>. In Rebhun, Uzi; <a href="/wiki/Chaim_I._Waxman" title="Chaim I. Waxman">Waxman, Chaim Isaac</a> (eds.). Jews in Israel: Contemporary Social and Cultural Patterns. Tauber Institute for the Study of European Jewry series. University Press of New England. p. 191. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-327-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-327-1"><bdi>978-1-58465-327-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+Seven%3A+Elections+and+Voting+Patterns&rft.btitle=Jews+in+Israel%3A+Contemporary+Social+and+Cultural+Patterns&rft.series=Tauber+Institute+for+the+Study+of+European+Jewry+series&rft.pages=191&rft.pub=University+Press+of+New+England&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-58465-327-1&rft.aulast=Arian&rft.aufirst=Asher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI2PYTmFwQxcC%26pg%3DPA191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://main.knesset.gov.il/EN/News/PressReleases/Pages/Pr13979_pg.aspx">"Knesset passes Jewish nation-state bill into law"</a>. Knesset. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230119145221/https://main.knesset.gov.il/EN/News/PressReleases/Pages/Pr13979_pg.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Knesset+passes+Jewish+nation-state+bill+into+law&rft.pub=Knesset&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmain.knesset.gov.il%2FEN%2FNews%2FPressReleases%2FPages%2FPr13979_pg.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://knesset.gov.il/spokesman/eng/PR_eng.asp?PRID=13520">"Press Releases from the Knesset"</a>. Knesset. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210228090330/https://knesset.gov.il/spokesman/eng/PR_eng.asp?PRID=13520">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+Releases+from+the+Knesset&rft.pub=Knesset&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fknesset.gov.il%2Fspokesman%2Feng%2FPR_eng.asp%3FPRID%3D13520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParsi2008" class="citation cs2">Parsi, Trita (28 October 2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.12987/9780300138061-018/html">"16 With Likud, the Periphery Doctrine Returns"</a>, Treacherous Alliance, Yale University Press, pp. 190–201, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.12987%2F9780300138061-018">10.12987/9780300138061-018</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-13806-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-13806-1"><bdi>978-0-300-13806-1</bdi></a>, retrieved 13 August 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=16+With+Likud%2C+the+Periphery+Doctrine+Returns&rft.btitle=Treacherous+Alliance&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E190-%3C%2Fspan%3E201&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2008-10-28&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.12987%2F9780300138061-018&rft.isbn=978-0-300-13806-1&rft.aulast=Parsi&rft.aufirst=Trita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fdocument%2Fdoi%2F10.12987%2F9780300138061-018%2Fhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/middle-east/iran-eastern-states/1645464144-exclusive-netanyahu-urges-overwhelming-pressure-to-stop-iran">"I24NEWS"</a>. 21 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I24NEWS&rft.date=2022-02-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.i24news.tv%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fmiddle-east%2Firan-eastern-states%2F1645464144-exclusive-netanyahu-urges-overwhelming-pressure-to-stop-iran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfr.org/article/why-israel-has-been-slow-support-ukraine">"Why Israel Has Been Slow to Support Ukraine | Council on Foreign Relations"</a>. www.cfr.org. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cfr.org&rft.atitle=Why+Israel+Has+Been+Slow+to+Support+Ukraine+%7C+Council+on+Foreign+Relations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfr.org%2Farticle%2Fwhy-israel-has-been-slow-support-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/likud-adorns-hq-with-trump-putin-modi-597009">"Likud adorns HQ with Trump, Putin, Modi"</a>. The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 28 July 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post+%7C+JPost.com&rft.atitle=Likud+adorns+HQ+with+Trump%2C+Putin%2C+Modi&rft.date=2019-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2Fisrael-news%2Flikud-adorns-hq-with-trump-putin-modi-597009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-blames-pm-for-russia-crisis-lapid-you-havent-bothered-to-get-updates/">"Netanyahu blames PM for Russia 'crisis'; Lapid: You haven't bothered to get updates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+blames+PM+for+Russia+%27crisis%27%3B+Lapid%3A+You+haven%27t+bothered+to+get+updates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fnetanyahu-blames-pm-for-russia-crisis-lapid-you-havent-bothered-to-get-updates%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/netanyahu-tells-government-to-be-quiet-on-russia-and-focus-on-iran/">"Netanyahu tells government to be quiet on Russia and focus on Iran"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Netanyahu+tells+government+to+be+quiet+on+Russia+and+focus+on+Iran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fnetanyahu-tells-government-to-be-quiet-on-russia-and-focus-on-iran%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRod2022" class="citation web cs1">Rod, Marc (18 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jewishinsider.com/2022/03/likuds-nir-barkat-israel-shouldnt-be-mediating-russia-ukraine-war/">"Likud's Nir Barkat: Israel shouldn't be mediating Russia-Ukraine war"</a>. Jewish Insider. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Insider&rft.atitle=Likud%27s+Nir+Barkat%3A+Israel+shouldn%27t+be+mediating+Russia-Ukraine+war&rft.date=2022-03-18&rft.aulast=Rod&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjewishinsider.com%2F2022%2F03%2Flikuds-nir-barkat-israel-shouldnt-be-mediating-russia-ukraine-war%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/likud-opposition-mks-urge-upped-support-for-ukraine-including-missile-defense/">"Likud, opposition MKs urge upped support for Ukraine, including missile defense"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Likud%2C+opposition+MKs+urge+upped+support+for+Ukraine%2C+including+missile+defense&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Flikud-opposition-mks-urge-upped-support-for-ukraine-including-missile-defense%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoresh2016" class="citation cs2">Horesh, Niv (2016), Horesh, Niv (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137539793_9">"Does Likud Have a "Look East" Option?"</a>, Toward Well-Oiled Relations? China’s Presence in the Middle East Following the Arab Spring, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 125–147, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9781137539793_9">10.1057/9781137539793_9</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-137-53979-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-137-53979-3"><bdi>978-1-137-53979-3</bdi></a>, retrieved 13 August 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toward+Well-Oiled+Relations%3F+China%E2%80%99s+Presence+in+the+Middle+East+Following+the+Arab+Spring&rft.atitle=Does+Likud+Have+a+%22Look+East%22+Option%3F&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E125-%3C%2Fspan%3E147&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F9781137539793_9&rft.isbn=978-1-137-53979-3&rft.aulast=Horesh&rft.aufirst=Niv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1057%2F9781137539793_9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTiezzi" class="citation web cs1">Tiezzi, Shannon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2017/03/israel-and-china-a-marriage-made-in-heaven-says-netanyahu/">"Israel and China a 'Marriage Made in Heaven,' Says Netanyahu"</a>. thediplomat.com. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thediplomat.com&rft.atitle=Israel+and+China+a+%27Marriage+Made+in+Heaven%2C%27+Says+Netanyahu&rft.aulast=Tiezzi&rft.aufirst=Shannon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2017%2F03%2Fisrael-and-china-a-marriage-made-in-heaven-says-netanyahu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhattacherjee2024" class="citation news cs1">Bhattacherjee, Kallol (1 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/elections/lok-sabha/israels-likud-among-foreign-parties-invited-by-bjp-to-witness-election/article68129332.ece">"Israel's Likud among foreign parties invited by BJP to witness election"</a>. The Hindu. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a>. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Likud+among+foreign+parties+invited+by+BJP+to+witness+election&rft.date=2024-05-01&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft.aulast=Bhattacherjee&rft.aufirst=Kallol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Felections%2Flok-sabha%2Fisraels-likud-among-foreign-parties-invited-by-bjp-to-witness-election%2Farticle68129332.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2019/08/15/israel-trump-netanyahu-1465917">"'Netanyahu is essentially an Israeli Republican'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>. 15 August 2019. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=%27Netanyahu+is+essentially+an+Israeli+Republican%27&rft.date=2019-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2019%2F08%2F15%2Fisrael-trump-netanyahu-1465917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownstein2024" class="citation web cs1">Brownstein, Ronald (7 May 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2024/05/06/politics/biden-israel-partisan-split-analysis/index.html">"Analysis: Biden faces widening partisan split over Israel | CNN Politics"</a>. CNN. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Analysis%3A+Biden+faces+widening+partisan+split+over+Israel+%7C+CNN+Politics&rft.date=2024-05-07&rft.aulast=Brownstein&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2024%2F05%2F06%2Fpolitics%2Fbiden-israel-partisan-split-analysis%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGreal2015" class="citation news cs1">McGreal, Chris (24 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/24/obama-binyamin-netanyahu-congress-speech-boehner-leaks">"How Netanyahu's speech to Congress has jeopardised US-Israel relations"</a>. The Guardian. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. Retrieved 13 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+Netanyahu%27s+speech+to+Congress+has+jeopardised+US-Israel+relations&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=McGreal&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Ffeb%2F24%2Fobama-binyamin-netanyahu-congress-speech-boehner-leaks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/fisk/ariel-sharon-by-robert-fisk-521809.html">Ariel Sharon... by Robert Fisk</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150926002449/http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/fisk/ariel-sharon-by-robert-fisk-521809.html">Archived</a> 26 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Friday 6 January 2006, The Independent </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/2014-12-22/ty-article/.premium/as-if-serbia-never-did-anything-wrong/0000017f-e142-d38f-a57f-e752dac00000">"Serbian-Israeli Relations Flourish, as if the 1990s Never Happened"</a>. Haaretz. 22 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Serbian-Israeli+Relations+Flourish%2C+as+if+the+1990s+Never+Happened&rft.date=2014-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fopinion%2F2014-12-22%2Fty-article%2F.premium%2Fas-if-serbia-never-did-anything-wrong%2F0000017f-e142-d38f-a57f-e752dac00000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://balkaninsight.com/2023/11/14/the-roots-of-orbans-strong-bond-with-israel-and-its-pm/">"The Roots of Orban's Strong Bond with Israel and its PM"</a>. Balkan Insight. 14 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Balkan+Insight&rft.atitle=The+Roots+of+Orban%27s+Strong+Bond+with+Israel+and+its+PM&rft.date=2023-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbalkaninsight.com%2F2023%2F11%2F14%2Fthe-roots-of-orbans-strong-bond-with-israel-and-its-pm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aa.com.tr/en/europe/spains-far-right-party-visits-israel-strengthens-ties-with-likud/3073825">"Spain's far-right party visits Israel, strengthens ties with Likud"</a>. Anadolu Agency. 12 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anadolu+Agency&rft.atitle=Spain%27s+far-right+party+visits+Israel%2C+strengthens+ties+with+Likud&rft.date=2023-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aa.com.tr%2Fen%2Feurope%2Fspains-far-right-party-visits-israel-strengthens-ties-with-likud%2F3073825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forward.com/fast-forward/614644/israeli-minister-addresses-convention-hosted-by-vox-spanish-far-right-party-criticized-for-neo-nazi-ties/">"Israeli minister addresses convention hosted by Vox, Spanish far-right party criticized for neo-Nazi ties"</a>. The Forward. 19 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Forward&rft.atitle=Israeli+minister+addresses+convention+hosted+by+Vox%2C+Spanish+far-right+party+criticized+for+neo-Nazi+ties&rft.date=2024-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Ffast-forward%2F614644%2Fisraeli-minister-addresses-convention-hosted-by-vox-spanish-far-right-party-criticized-for-neo-nazi-ties%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.repubblica.it/politica/2023/10/11/news/salvini_coalizione_meloni_europa-417476877/">"Salvini prepara il suo cantiere nero per sorpassare Meloni in Europa"</a>. Repubblica. 11 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Repubblica&rft.atitle=Salvini+prepara+il+suo+cantiere+nero+per+sorpassare+Meloni+in+Europa&rft.date=2023-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.repubblica.it%2Fpolitica%2F2023%2F10%2F11%2Fnews%2Fsalvini_coalizione_meloni_europa-417476877%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://expresso.pt/politica/2021-05-30-Salvini--esperado--e-partido-de-Netanyahu--surpresa--foram-apoiar-Ventura.-PSD-cancelou-e-IL-tambem-mudou-de-ideias--sem-explicar-porque--bb1f68c2">"Salvini (esperado) e partido de Netanyahu (surpresa) foram apoiar Ventura. PSD cancelou e IL também mudou de ideias (sem explicar porquê)"</a>. Expresso. 30 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Expresso&rft.atitle=Salvini+%28esperado%29+e+partido+de+Netanyahu+%28surpresa%29+foram+apoiar+Ventura.+PSD+cancelou+e+IL+tamb%C3%A9m+mudou+de+ideias+%28sem+explicar+porqu%C3%AA%29&rft.date=2021-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fexpresso.pt%2Fpolitica%2F2021-05-30-Salvini--esperado--e-partido-de-Netanyahu--surpresa--foram-apoiar-Ventura.-PSD-cancelou-e-IL-tambem-mudou-de-ideias--sem-explicar-porque--bb1f68c2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/likud-sends-support-to-anti-islam-wilders-while-courting-islamists-at-home-665527">"Likud sends support to anti-Islam Wilders while courting Islamists at home"</a>. Jerusalem Post. 18 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Likud+sends+support+to+anti-Islam+Wilders+while+courting+Islamists+at+home&rft.date=2021-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2Fisrael-news%2Flikud-sends-support-to-anti-islam-wilders-while-courting-islamists-at-home-665527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themedialine.org/top-stories/diaspora-affairs-minister-chikli-stands-by-praise-for-frances-le-pen-exclusive/">"Diaspora Affairs Minister Chikli Stands by Praise for France's Le Pen – Exclusive"</a>. The Media Line. 7 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Media+Line&rft.atitle=Diaspora+Affairs+Minister+Chikli+Stands+by+Praise+for+France%27s+Le+Pen+%E2%80%93+Exclusive&rft.date=2024-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemedialine.org%2Ftop-stories%2Fdiaspora-affairs-minister-chikli-stands-by-praise-for-frances-le-pen-exclusive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/7/10/frances-macron-slams-israeli-ministers-backing-of-marine-le-pen">"France's Macron slams Israeli minister's backing of Marine Le Pen"</a>. Al Jazeera. 10 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=France%27s+Macron+slams+Israeli+minister%27s+backing+of+Marine+Le+Pen&rft.date=2024-07-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F7%2F10%2Ffrances-macron-slams-israeli-ministers-backing-of-marine-le-pen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.israelhayom.com/2023/06/12/seizing-on-pro-israel-stance-likud-poised-to-mover-closer-to-far-right-parties-in-europe/">"Seizing on pro-Israel stance, Likud poised to move closer to far-Right parties in Europe"</a>. Israel Hayom. 12 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Hayom&rft.atitle=Seizing+on+pro-Israel+stance%2C+Likud+poised+to+move+closer+to+far-Right+parties+in+Europe&rft.date=2023-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelhayom.com%2F2023%2F06%2F12%2Fseizing-on-pro-israel-stance-likud-poised-to-mover-closer-to-far-right-parties-in-europe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jns.org/israel-news/likud-party/23/6/13/294664/">"Likud poised to end boycott of Swedish nationalist party"</a>. JNS. 13 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=JNS&rft.atitle=Likud+poised+to+end+boycott+of+Swedish+nationalist+party&rft.date=2023-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns.org%2Fisrael-news%2Flikud-party%2F23%2F6%2F13%2F294664%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/politics-and-diplomacy/likud-aims-to-build-ties-with-conservative-parties-abroad-415538">"Likud aims to build ties with conservative parties abroad"</a>. Jerusalem Post. 7 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Likud+aims+to+build+ties+with+conservative+parties+abroad&rft.date=2015-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2Fisrael-news%2Fpolitics-and-diplomacy%2Flikud-aims-to-build-ties-with-conservative-parties-abroad-415538&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-08-04/ty-article/.premium/israeli-pivot-toward-european-far-right-pushed-by-likud-lawmaker/00000189-bcc0-d821-afdd-bfe4ae180000">"Israeli Pivot Toward European Far Right Pushed by Likud Lawmaker"</a>. Haaretz. 4 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Israeli+Pivot+Toward+European+Far+Right+Pushed+by+Likud+Lawmaker&rft.date=2023-08-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2F2023-08-04%2Fty-article%2F.premium%2Fisraeli-pivot-toward-european-far-right-pushed-by-likud-lawmaker%2F00000189-bcc0-d821-afdd-bfe4ae180000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawley2011" class="citation news cs1">Hawley, Charles (29 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.spiegel.de/international/europe/the-likud-connection-europe-s-right-wing-populists-find-allies-in-israel-a-777175.html">"The Likud Connection: Europe's Right-Wing Populists Find Allies in Israel – SPIEGEL ONLINE"</a>. Der Spiegel.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=The+Likud+Connection%3A+Europe%27s+Right-Wing+Populists+Find+Allies+in+Israel+%E2%80%93+SPIEGEL+ONLINE&rft.date=2011-07-29&rft.aulast=Hawley&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Feurope%2Fthe-likud-connection-europe-s-right-wing-populists-find-allies-in-israel-a-777175.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/2014-03-30/ty-article/.premium/likud-official-welcomes-anti-semitic-belgian/0000017f-dc3b-df62-a9ff-dcff4f1a0000">"Boycotted by Jews in Belgium, Welcomed by Likud Deputy Minister in Israel"</a>. Haaretz. 30 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Boycotted+by+Jews+in+Belgium%2C+Welcomed+by+Likud+Deputy+Minister+in+Israel&rft.date=2014-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2F2014-03-30%2Fty-article%2F.premium%2Flikud-official-welcomes-anti-semitic-belgian%2F0000017f-dc3b-df62-a9ff-dcff4f1a0000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeller2007" class="citation web cs1">Heller, Jeffrey (14 August 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-likud/israels-netanyahu-wins-re-election-as-likud-chief-idUSL1446609620070815">"Israel's Netanyahu wins re-election as Likud chief"</a>. Reuters. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220125195755/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-likud/israels-netanyahu-wins-re-election-as-likud-chief-idUSL1446609620070815">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 25 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israel%27s+Netanyahu+wins+re-election+as+Likud+chief&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2007-08-14&rft.aulast=Heller&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-israel-likud%2Fisraels-netanyahu-wins-re-election-as-likud-chief-idUSL1446609620070815&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiley1983" class="citation web cs1">Riley, Susan (12 September 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220215194800/https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1983/9/12/shamir-takes-the-helm">"Shamir takes the helm"</a>. Maclean's. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1983/9/12/shamir-takes-the-helm">the original</a> on 15 February 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Maclean%27s&rft.atitle=Shamir+takes+the+helm&rft.date=1983-09-12&rft.aulast=Riley&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.macleans.ca%2Farticle%2F1983%2F9%2F12%2Fshamir-takes-the-helm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman2006" class="citation news cs1">Hoffman, Gil (1 March 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Central-committee-strips-itself-of-power">"Central committee strips itself of power"</a>. The Jerusalem Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017073628/http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Central-committee-strips-itself-of-power">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Central+committee+strips+itself+of+power&rft.date=2006-03-01&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Gil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FIsrael%2FCentral-committee-strips-itself-of-power&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2583675.stm">"Israeli media vents fury at Likud"</a>. BBC News. 17 December 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040503221323/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/middle_east/2583675.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2004. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Israeli+media+vents+fury+at+Likud&rft.date=2002-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fmiddle_east%2F2583675.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-197">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_197-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_197-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_197-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220405135841/https://www.likud.org.il/en/about-the-likud/organs-of-the-likud">"Organs of the Likud – The Likud Party"</a>. Likud. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://likud.org.il/en/about-the-likud/organs-of-the-likud">the original</a> on 5 April 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Organs+of+the+Likud+%E2%80%93+The+Likud+Party&rft.pub=Likud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flikud.org.il%2Fen%2Fabout-the-likud%2Forgans-of-the-likud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220405135842/https://www.likud.org.il/%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94">"מוסדות התנועה - מפלגת הליכוד"</a>. Likud. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.likud.org.il/%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94">the original</a> on 5 April 2022. Retrieved 19 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Likud&rft.atitle=%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94+-+%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%93&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.likud.org.il%2F%25D7%25A2%25D7%259C-%25D7%2594%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%259B%25D7%2595%25D7%2593%2F%25D7%259E%25D7%2595%25D7%25A1%25D7%2593%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA-%25D7%2594%25D7%25AA%25D7%25A0%25D7%2595%25D7%25A2%25D7%2594&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-orli-199">^ <a href="#cite_ref-orli_199-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-orli_199-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-orli_199-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-orli_199-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-orli_199-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-orli_199-5">f</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.likud.org.il/en/about-the-likud/organs-of-the-likud">Organs of the Likud</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190916232125/https://www.likud.org.il/en/about-the-likud/organs-of-the-likud">Archived</a> 16 September 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (retrieved May 24, 2022) </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imemc.org/article/14109/">"Likud votes in favor of Sharon"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220524004300/https://imemc.org/article/14109/">Archived</a> 24 May 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/IMEMC" class="mw-redirect" title="IMEMC">IMEMC</a>, September 26, 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/likud-legal-adviser-no-second-leadership-race-381637">"Likud legal adviser: No second leadership race"</a>. The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 12 November 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220525044739/https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/likud-legal-adviser-no-second-leadership-race-381637">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post+%26%23124%3B+JPost.com&rft.atitle=Likud+legal+adviser%3A+No+second+leadership+race&rft.date=2014-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2Fisrael-news%2Flikud-legal-adviser-no-second-leadership-race-381637&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526213818/http://idu.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/DRAFT-Minutes-Seoul-Executive.pdf">"DRAFT Minutes, IDU Executive Committee, Chaired by IDU Chairman John Howard"</a> (PDF). Seoul: International Democrat Union (IDU). 20 November 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idu.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/DRAFT-Minutes-Seoul-Executive.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 26 May 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DRAFT+Minutes%2C+IDU+Executive+Committee%2C+Chaired+by+IDU+Chairman+John+Howard&rft.place=Seoul&rft.pub=International+Democrat+Union+%28IDU%29&rft.date=2014-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fidu.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F02%2FDRAFT-Minutes-Seoul-Executive.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130928101420/http://www.iydu.org/members/">"Members"</a>. International Young Democrat Union (IDYU). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iydu.org/members/">the original</a> on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 30 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members&rft.pub=International+Young+Democrat+Union+%28IDYU%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iydu.org%2Fmembers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALikud" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Likud" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Likud">Likud</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.likud.org.il/en/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.likud.nl/">Likud Nederland</a> (in Dutch and English)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.knesset.gov.il/faction/eng/FactionPage_eng.asp?PG=13">Likud</a> Knesset website</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_Israel197" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Israeli_political_parties" title="Template:Israeli political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Israeli_political_parties" title="Template talk:Israeli political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Israeli_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Israeli political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_Israel197" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Israel" title="List of political parties in Israel">Political parties in Israel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Likud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesh_Atid" title="Yesh Atid">Yesh Atid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shas" title="Shas">Shas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Unity_(Israel)" title="National Unity (Israel)">National Unity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Resilience_Party" title="Israel Resilience Party">Israel Resilience Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otzma_Yehudit" title="Otzma Yehudit">Otzma Yehudit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Torah_Judaism" title="United Torah Judaism">United Torah Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agudat_Yisrael" title="Agudat Yisrael">Agudat Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degel_HaTorah" title="Degel HaTorah">Degel HaTorah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Party%E2%80%93Religious_Zionism" title="National Religious Party–Religious Zionism">National Religious Party–Religious Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Beiteinu" title="Yisrael Beiteinu">Yisrael Beiteinu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_List" title="United Arab List">United Arab List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadash" title="Hadash">Hadash</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maki_(political_party)" title="Maki (political party)">Maki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%27al" title="Ta'al">Ta'al</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Democrats_(Israel)" title="The Democrats (Israel)">Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hope_(Israel)" title="New Hope (Israel)">New Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_(political_party)" title="Noam (political party)">Noam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Extra- parliamentary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ale_Yarok" title="Ale Yarok">Ale Yarok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Democratic_Party_(Israel)" title="Arab Democratic Party (Israel)">Arab Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_National_Party" title="Arab National Party">Arab National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balad_(political_party)" title="Balad (political party)">Balad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Bloc_Party" title="Bible Bloc Party">Bible Bloc Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brit_Olam" title="Brit Olam">Brit Olam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da%27am_Workers_Party" title="Da'am Workers Party">Da'am Workers Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derekh_Eretz_(political_faction)" title="Derekh Eretz (political faction)">Derekh Eretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Free Democratic Israel">Free Democratic Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Israel)" title="Green Party (Israel)">Green Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Greens_(Israel)" title="The Greens (Israel)">The Greens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihud_Bnei_HaBrit" title="Ihud Bnei HaBrit">Ihud Bnei HaBrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Democratic_Party" title="Israel Democratic Party">Israel Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Economic_Party" title="New Economic Party">New Economic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Party_of_Israel" title="Pirate Party of Israel">Pirate Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_Right" title="Secular Right">Secular Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telem_(2019_political_party)" title="Telem (2019 political party)">Telem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzomet" title="Tzomet">Tzomet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%27Bizchutan" title="U'Bizchutan">U'Bizchutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yachad_(political_party)" title="Yachad (political party)">Yachad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamina" title="Yamina">Yamina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Right_(Israel)" title="New Right (Israel)">New Right</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerushalmim" title="Yerushalmim">Yerushalmim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zehut" title="Zehut">Zehut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_and_Development" title="Agriculture and Development">Agriculture and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahdut_HaAvoda" title="Ahdut HaAvoda">Ahdut HaAvoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahva_(political_party)" title="Ahva (political party)">Ahva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_List_for_Bedouin_and_Villagers" title="Arab List for Bedouin and Villagers">Arab List for Bedouin and Villagers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atid_(political_party)" title="Atid (political party)">Atid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panthers_(Israel)" title="Black Panthers (Israel)">Black Panthers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_Party_(Israel)" title="Center Party (Israel)">Center Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperation_and_Brotherhood" title="Cooperation and Brotherhood">Cooperation and Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperation_and_Development" title="Cooperation and Development">Cooperation and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Da_(political_party)" title="Da (political party)">Da</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Choice_(Israel)" title="Democratic Choice (Israel)">Democratic Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_List_for_Israeli_Arabs" title="Democratic List for Israeli Arabs">Democratic List for Israeli Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_List_of_Nazareth" title="Democratic List of Nazareth">Democratic List of Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Movement_(Israel)" title="Democratic Movement (Israel)">Democratic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Movement_for_Change" title="Democratic Movement for Change">Democratic Movement for Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_(Israel)" title="Democratic Union (Israel)">Democratic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_and_Peace_(political_party)" title="Development and Peace (political party)">Development and Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dor_(political_party)" title="Dor (political party)">Dor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eretz_Yisrael_Shelanu" title="Eretz Yisrael Shelanu">Eretz Yisrael Shelanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faction_independent_of_Ahdut_HaAvoda" title="Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda">Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighters%27_List" title="Fighters' List">Fighters' List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Centre" title="Free Centre">Free Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gahal" title="Gahal">Gahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Zionists" title="General Zionists">General Zionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesher_(1996_political_party)" title="Gesher (1996 political party)">Gesher (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesher_%E2%80%93_Zionist_Religious_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesher – Zionist Religious Centre">Gesher – Zionist Religious Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesher_(2019_political_party)" title="Gesher (2019 political party)">Gesher (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geulat_Yisrael" title="Geulat Yisrael">Geulat Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HaOlim" title="HaOlim">HaOlim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapoel_HaMizrachi" title="Hapoel HaMizrachi">Hapoel HaMizrachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatikva_(political_party)" title="Hatikva (political party)">Hatikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatnua" title="Hatnua">Hatnua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HaTzeirim" title="HaTzeirim">HaTzeirim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatzohar" title="Hatzohar">Hatzohar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Communists" title="Hebrew Communists">Hebrew Communists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herut" title="Herut">Herut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herut_%E2%80%93_The_National_Movement" title="Herut – The National Movement">Herut – The National Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetz_(political_party)" title="Hetz (political party)">Hetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_(Israeli_political_party)" title="Independence (Israeli political party)">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Centre" title="Independent Centre">Independent Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Liberals_(Israel)" title="Independent Liberals (Israel)">Independent Liberals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Socialist_Faction" title="Independent Socialist Faction">Independent Socialist Faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Communist_Opposition" title="Israeli Communist Opposition">Israeli Communist Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Druze_Faction" title="Israeli Druze Faction">Israeli Druze Faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Arab_Brotherhood" title="Jewish–Arab Brotherhood">Jewish–Arab Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Home" title="The Jewish Home">The Jewish Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_National_Front" title="Jewish National Front">Jewish National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_for_the_Elderly" title="Justice for the Elderly">Justice for the Elderly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kach" title="Kach">Kach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadima" title="Kadima">Kadima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulanu" title="Kulanu">Kulanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Labor_Party" title="Israeli Labor Party">Labor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%27am" title="La'am">La'am</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_(political_party)" title="Leader (political party)">Leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Camp_of_Israel" title="Left Camp of Israel">Left Camp of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Faction" title="Left Faction">Left Faction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev_(political_party)" title="Lev (political party)">Lev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Liberal_Party" title="Israeli Liberal Party">Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maki_(historical_political_party)" title="Maki (historical political party)">Maki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%27s_Rights_in_the_Family_Party" title="Man's Rights in the Family Party">Man's Rights in the Family Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapai" title="Mapai">Mapai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapam" title="Mapam">Mapam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meimad" title="Meimad">Meimad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekhora_(political_party)" title="Mekhora (political party)">Mekhora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meretz" title="Meretz">Meretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meri_(political_party)" title="Meri (political party)">Meri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizrachi_(political_party)" title="Mizrachi (political party)">Mizrachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moked" title="Moked">Moked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moledet" title="Moledet">Moledet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morasha" title="Morasha">Morasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moria_(political_party)" title="Moria (political party)">Moria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Greater_Israel" title="Movement for Greater Israel">Movement for Greater Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_the_Renewal_of_Social_Zionism" title="Movement for the Renewal of Social Zionism">Movement for the Renewal of Social Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Home" title="National Home">National Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_List" title="National List">National List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Religious_Party" title="National Religious Party">National Religious Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Law_Party#Israel" title="Natural Law Party">Natural Law Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Aliyah_Party" title="New Aliyah Party">New Aliyah Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Liberal_Party_(Israel)" title="New Liberal Party (Israel)">New Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Way_(Israel)" title="New Way (Israel)">New Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noy_(political_faction)" title="Noy (political faction)">Noy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ometz_(political_party)" title="Ometz (political party)">Ometz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Israel_(1980)" title="One Israel (1980)">One Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Nation_(Israel)" title="One Nation (Israel)">One Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oz_LaAniyim" class="mw-redirect" title="Oz LaAniyim">Oz LaAniyim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poalei_Agudat_Yisrael" title="Poalei Agudat Yisrael">Poalei Agudat Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Arab_Bloc" title="Popular Arab Bloc">Popular Arab Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_and_Development" title="Progress and Development">Progress and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_and_Work" title="Progress and Work">Progress and Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_List_for_Peace" title="Progressive List for Peace">Progressive List for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_National_Alliance" title="Progressive National Alliance">Progressive National Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(Israel)" title="Progressive Party (Israel)">Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafi_(political_party)" title="Rafi (political party)">Rafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratz_(political_party)" title="Ratz (political party)">Ratz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionist_Party" title="Religious Zionist Party">Religious Zionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Way_(political_party)" title="The Right Way (political party)">The Right Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardim_and_Oriental_Communities" title="Sephardim and Oriental Communities">Sephardim and Oriental Communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinui" title="Shinui">Shinui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomtzion_(political_party)" title="Shlomtzion (political party)">Shlomtzion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Justice_(political_party)" title="Social Justice (political party)">Social Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafnit" title="Tafnit">Tafnit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tami_(political_party)" title="Tami (political party)">Tami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehiya" title="Tehiya">Tehiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telem_(1981_political_party)" title="Telem (1981 political party)">Telem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Way_(Israel)" title="Third Way (Israel)">Third Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzalash" title="Tzalash">Tzalash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Right-Wing_Parties" title="Union of Right-Wing Parties">Union of Right-Wing Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_List_(1977)" title="United Arab List (1977)">United Arab List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Religious_Front" title="United Religious Front">United Religious Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_for_Peace_and_Immigration" title="Unity for Peace and Immigration">Unity for Peace and Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Party_(Israel)" title="Unity Party (Israel)">Unity Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_Zionist_Organization" title="Women's International Zionist Organization">Women's International Zionist Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Party_(Israel)" title="Women's Party (Israel)">Women's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27ad_%E2%80%93_Civil_Rights_Movement" title="Ya'ad – Civil Rights Movement">Ya'ad – Civil Rights Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27ad_(political_party)" title="Ya'ad (political party)">Ya'ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahad_(1984_political_party)" title="Yahad (1984 political party)">Yahad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamin_Yisrael" title="Yamin Yisrael">Yamin Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_Association" title="Yemenite Association">Yemenite Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_BaAliyah" title="Yisrael BaAliyah">Yisrael BaAliyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yisrael_HaMithadeshet" title="Yisrael HaMithadeshet">Yisrael HaMithadeshet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiud" title="Yiud">Yiud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Israel" title="List of political parties in Israel">List of political parties in Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_political_parties_in_Israel" title="List of minor political parties in Israel">List of minor political parties in Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187009#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1526" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187009#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1526" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187009#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316750672">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/535342/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4351655-5">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79086528">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14419826p">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14419826p">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko20211123429&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000182385&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007257067505171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058614934506706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/078608716">IdRef</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&oldid=1274936464">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&oldid=1274936464</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Likud" title="Category:Likud">Likud</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_in_Israel" title="Category:Political parties in Israel">Political parties in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_Israel" title="Category:Conservatism in Israel">Conservatism in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group" title="Category:European Conservatives and Reformists Group">European Conservatives and Reformists Group</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Liberal_conservative_parties" title="Category:Liberal conservative parties">Liberal conservative parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_parties_established_in_1973" title="Category:Political parties established in 1973">Political parties established in 1973</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Revisionist_Zionism" title="Category:Revisionist Zionism">Revisionist Zionism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zionist_political_parties_in_Israel" title="Category:Zionist political parties in Israel">Zionist political parties in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conservative_parties_in_Israel" title="Category:Conservative parties in Israel">Conservative parties in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_liberal_parties" title="Category:National liberal parties">National liberal parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Betar" title="Category:Betar">Betar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Liberal_parties_in_Israel" title="Category:Liberal parties in Israel">Liberal parties in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_conservative_parties" title="Category:National conservative parties">National conservative parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Right-wing_populist_parties" title="Category:Right-wing populist parties">Right-wing populist parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1973_establishments_in_Israel" title="Category:1973 establishments in Israel">1973 establishments in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Right-wing_populism_in_Israel" title="Category:Right-wing populism in Israel">Right-wing populism in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Right-wing_politics_in_Israel" title="Category:Right-wing politics in Israel">Right-wing politics in Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Right-wing_parties_in_Asia" title="Category:Right-wing parties in Asia">Right-wing parties in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Words_and_phrases_in_Modern_Hebrew" title="Category:Words and phrases in Modern Hebrew">Words and phrases in Modern Hebrew</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Austrian_German-language_sources_(de-at)" title="Category:CS1 Austrian German-language sources (de-at)">CS1 Austrian German-language sources (de-at)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Hebrew-language_script_(he)" title="Category:CS1 uses Hebrew-language script (he)">CS1 uses Hebrew-language script (he)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Hebrew-language_sources_(he)" title="Category:CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he)">CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">CS1 maint: archived copy as title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="Category:CS1 maint: url-status">CS1 maint: url-status</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_extended-confirmed-protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages">Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from October 2021">Use dmy dates from October 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hebrew-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Hebrew-language text">Articles containing Hebrew-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_October_2023" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from October 2023">Articles lacking reliable references from October 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2014" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2008" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2008">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2008</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_neutral_point_of_view_disputes_from_August_2014" title="Category:Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from August 2014">Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes from August 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_neutral_point_of_view_disputes" title="Category:All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes">All Wikipedia neutral point of view disputes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_to_be_expanded_from_March_2023" title="Category:Articles to be expanded from March 2023">Articles to be expanded from March 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_to_be_expanded" title="Category:All articles to be expanded">All articles to be expanded</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2022" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Dutch-language_sources_(nl)" title="Category:Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl)">Articles with Dutch-language sources (nl)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 10 February 2025, at 03:13 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Likud&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> Search </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >Likud</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 64 languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-w8nmp","wgBackendResponseTime":174,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.561","walltime":"2.895","ppvisitednodes":{"value":16698,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":553257,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":15833,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":23,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":785609,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2567.106 1 -total"," 46.88% 1203.498 2 Template:Reflist"," 18.87% 484.499 107 Template:Cite_news"," 12.35% 317.163 69 Template:Cite_web"," 11.45% 293.934 1 Template:Infobox_political_party"," 10.65% 273.377 1 Template:Infobox"," 7.14% 183.407 20 Template:Cite_book"," 5.21% 133.845 2 Template:Bulleted_list"," 4.59% 117.878 4 Template:Langx"," 4.36% 111.841 1 Template:Conservatism_in_Israel"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.604","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":21904540,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","400","22.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","240","13.2"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","160","8.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","120","6.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","100","5.5"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","80","4.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","60","3.3"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","3.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::test","40","2.2"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::preprocess","40","2.2"],["[others]","520","28.6"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-6njft","timestamp":"20250216142950","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Likud","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Likud","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q187009","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q187009","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-04-07T16:31:03Z","dateModified":"2025-02-10T03:13:43Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b6\/Flag_of_the_Likud.svg","headline":"Israeli centre-right to right-wing political party"}</script> </body> </html>