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field.value; } /* Determine values for new custom field for TEM (here called "salutation_text_TEM") */ let salutation_text_TEM = ''; if (accountSalutation === "[\"female\"]") { salutation_text_TEM = "Sehr geehrte Frau"; } else if (accountSalutation === "[\"male\"]") { salutation_text_TEM = "Sehr geehrter Herr"; } /* Update custom field with new value */ fetch(config.handlerUrl + new URLSearchParams({ aid: window.tp.aid, uid: data.uid, /* replace correct form ID and custom field ID */ form_id: config.salutationForm.formName, custom_fields: JSON.stringify({ salutation_text_TEM: salutation_text_TEM }) }), { method: 'POST', headers: { 'Authorization': window.tp.pianoId.getToken(), 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' } }).then(() => { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log(`##piano## salutation_text_TEM updated to ${salutation_text_TEM}`); } if (window.localStorage) { window.localStorage.setItem(`nzz-salutation`, data.uid); } }).catch(e => { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log(`##piano## salutation_text_TEM error: ${e}`); } }).finally(() => { if (forceReload) { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('##piano## pianoUpdateSalutation forceReload, because of source PIANOID'); } window.location.reload(); } });}; ((bT, clientCountryPreference, config) => { let tags = []; if (bT && bT.standard) { Object.keys(bT.standard).forEach(key => { tags.push([`set${key}`, bT.standard[key]]); }); } if (bT && bT.custom) { Object.keys(bT.custom).forEach(key => { tags.push(['setCustomVariable', key, bT.custom[key]]); }); } return function pianoMain() { if (!window.tp) { window.tp = window.tp || []; window.digitalData = window.digitalData || {}; window.digitalData.user = [{ profile: [{ attributes: { piano: { clientCountryCode: clientCountryPreference || 'CH' } }, profileInfo: { profileID: '', gender: '', userHash: '4defa01e671ab8c019597a9b2cc3d662' } }] }]; /* Set Application ID */ if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('%c ##piano## :VERSION V43', 'background: yellow;color:black'); } window.tp.push(['setAid', config.aid]); if (config.dmpSiteId) { window.tp.push(['setCxenseSiteId', config.dmpSiteId]); } /* Is application in sandbox */ window.tp.push(['setSandbox', config.isSandbox === 'true']); /* Does application use Piano ID? */ if (config.isSandbox === 'false') { window.tp.push(['setPianoIdUrl', 'https://id-eu.piano.io']); window.tp.push(['setEndpoint', 'https://buy-eu.piano.io/api/v3']); } else { window.tp.push(['setPianoIdUrl', 'https://sandbox.piano.io']); window.tp.push(['setEndpoint', 'https://sandbox.tinypass.com/api/v3']); } window.tp.push(['setUseTinypassAccounts', false]); window.tp.push(['setUsePianoIdUserProvider', true]); /* gift article */ try { const urlParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); if (urlParams.has('gift_created') && new Date(urlParams.get('gift_created') / 1 * 1000) > Date.now() - 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) { window.tp.push(['setCustomVariable', 'shared_article_valid', 'true']); } } catch (e) { console.log(e); } /* Execute when the page is first loaded */ if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('%c set tags', 'background: yellow;color:black'); } tags.forEach(function (tag) { window.tp.push(tag); }); window.tp.push(['init', function () { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('%c init piano', 'background: green;color:yellow'); } window.nzzPianoLoaded = true; window.tp.push(['addHandler', 'registrationSuccess', data => { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('##piano## registrationSuccess:'); } fetch(config.handlerUrl + new URLSearchParams({ aid: window.tp.aid, uid: data.user.sub, form_id: config.RSEvent.formName, custom_fields: JSON.stringify(config.RSEvent.params) }), { method: 'POST', headers: { 'Authorization': data.token, 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' } }); }]); window.tp.push(['addHandler', 'loginSuccess', callbackData => { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('##piano## loginSuccess in init', callbackData.source); } window.tp.pianoId.loadExtendedUser({ extendedUserLoaded: function (data) { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('##piano## extendedUserLoaded for salutation', data); } let salutationField = null; const customFieldValues = data.custom_field_values; if (customFieldValues && customFieldValues.length > 0) { for (const field of customFieldValues) { if (field.field_name === "account_salutation") { salutationField = field; } } } let forceReload = false; if (callbackData.source == "PIANOID") { forceReload = true; } pianoUpdateSalutation(config, data, salutationField, forceReload); }, formName: 'salutation_form' }); }]); window.tp.push(['addHandler', 'checkoutCustomEvent', event => { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('##piano## onCheckoutExternalEvent'); } const params = JSON.parse(event.params.params); if (event.eventName === 'purchaseCustom' && params.pmId == 'inbas') { if (window.nzzDebugPiano) { console.log('##piano## onCheckoutExternalEvent: Invoice payments'); } 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<div class="header-main__container header-main__container--right" style="display:;">  </div></div></div></div>   </div></div> </div> <div id="page" class="nzz-page-transition" style="opacity:1;"> <div><div data-resor="false" class="article"><section data-vars-danzz-article="" data-nzz-tid="article" data-nzz-referrer="articleLink" data-nzz-article="true" class="container container--article layout--opinion adnz-infeed-placeholder"><div id="id-doc-1hlsvj5270" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="header" data-vars-danzz-first-article-element="true" is-new-line-child="true" class="headline"><div class="headline__highlight headline__highlight--opinion"><div class="headline__inner headline__inner--highlight"><div class="flag-opinion"><div class="metainfo metainfo__main metainfo__main--flag-opinion"> <div class="metainfo__wrapper"><div class="teaser__flag teaser__flag--colored teaser__flag--default teaser__flag--default-opinion"><span class="teaser__flag--text"> Kommentar </span>  </div> <div class="metainfo__item metainfo__item--author">Fabian Baumgartner</div></div></div></div> <h1 class="headline__title headline__title--opinion"> <span>Im Kampf gegen militante Fussball-Ultras herrscht kollektive Ratlosigkeit. Dabei gäbe es Instrumente. Fünf Ansätze gegen die Macht der Krawallmacher</span></h1></div></div> <div class="headline__inner"><p class="headline__lead">Gewalttätige Fussballfans müssen konsequent verfolgt und bestraft werden. </p> <div class="progressbar__wrapper"><div class="progressbar"><div class="progressbar__line"><div class="progressbar__line--fill" style="transform:translateX(-100%);"></div></div></div></div> <div class="headline__meta"> <div class="metainfo metainfo--content">  <span class="metainfo__item metainfo__item--comments"> 31 Kommentare </span>  <span class="metainfo__item metainfo__item--date"><time datetime="2024-02-09T04:30:00.000Z"> 09.02.2024, 05.30 Uhr </time> <span data-tooltip="Lesezeit 6 min" class="metainfo__item--reading-time"><svg version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="reading-time__icon nzz-icons--small nzz-icons--icon nzz-icons--fill"><path stroke="currentColor" fill="none" pid="0" fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-linecap="round" _stroke-linejoin="round" d="M11.77 7.39v5.62l3.8 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class="image-placeholder image__placeholder" style="padding-bottom:66.67%;"><img alt="In Zürich geben derzeit vor allem die gewaltbereiten Ultras des FCZ den Ton an." data-nzz-tid="article-image" width="2148" height="1432" src="https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=750&height=500&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0" loading="eager" srcset="https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=1120&height=747&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 1120w, https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=2240&height=1493&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 2240w, https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=976&height=651&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 976w, https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=1952&height=1301&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 1952w, https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=736&height=491&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 736w, https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=1472&height=981&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 1472w, https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=375&height=250&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 375w, https://img.nzz.ch/2023/07/19/ec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=750&height=500&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1432,x0,y0 750w" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 1120px, (min-width: 1024px) 976px, (min-width: 768px) 736px" class="image-placeholder__image" style="cursor:pointer;transform:scale(1);">  </div> <figcaption class="articlecomponent__description"> <div class="image-description image-description--containerwidth"><h2 data-nzz-tid="image-description-caption" data-team-image-caption="true" class="image-description__caption image-description__caption--large">In Zürich geben derzeit vor allem die gewaltbereiten Ultras des FCZ den Ton an.</h2> <div class="image-description__author"><span data-nzz-tid="image-description-author" class="image-description__author-single">Imago</span></div></div></figcaption> </figure><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlsvj5271" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text">Es werden gerade viele Zeichen gesetzt rund um Gewalt im Fussball. Zuerst sind es die Stadtzürcher Behörden. Sie entscheiden Ende Januar, die Südkurve, den Fansektor des FC Zürich, beim Heimspiel gegen Lausanne zu schliessen. Die grüne Sicherheitsvorsteherin Karin Rykart betont, wie wichtig ein solches Zeichen sei.</p><div id="id-doc-d3d01635" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="barrier" is-new-line-child="true"><div id="paywall_container"></div> <div class="disabled-overlay"><div class="disabled-overlay--show--text"><h3>Optimieren Sie Ihre Browsereinstellungen</h3> <p> NZZ.ch benötigt JavaScript für wichtige Funktionen. Ihr Browser oder Adblocker verhindert dies momentan. </p> <p>Bitte passen Sie die Einstellungen an.</p></div></div></div><div id="id-doc-d6a5b6d7" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="advertisement" is-new-line-child="true" class="nzzinteraction"></div><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlsvvjvh0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Auslöser für die Massnahme sind Ausschreitungen nach dem Spiel gegen den FC Basel. Am 24. Januar greifen rund hundert FCZ-Ultras die Einsatzkräfte der Polizei mit brennenden Fackeln, Rauchpetarden, Feuerwerk, Steinen und Flaschen an. </p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlsvvjvn0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Nach der Politik setzen die Fans ein Zeichen. Sie treffen sich unweit des Stadions Letzigrund, um dort vergünstigte Tickets für die Sektoren ausserhalb der Südkurve zu kaufen. Schliesslich kapern die Fans den Gästesektor. Die Botschaft: «Uns wird man so schnell nicht los.»</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlt08ei40" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Der Fall illustriert die kollektive Ratlosigkeit im Kampf gegen Fangewalt im Fussball – und lässt den begrenzten Nutzen von gesperrten Fansektoren offensichtlich werden.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlt0i1020" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Seit Jahren schon ringen die Behörden um eine Antwort auf die Gewalteskalation im Umfeld der grossen Fussballklubs. Das Bild ist immer das gleiche: Auf Gewalt folgt Empörung, Verurteilung und Bestrafung. Bis zur nächsten Gewalttat. Es ist ein Katz-und-Maus-Spiel zwischen Politik, Polizei und einigen hundert Krawallbrüdern.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlv8gnmq1" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Einen Durchbruch hat es bisher nie gegeben. Die Massnahmen illustrieren vielmehr die zunehmende Hilflosigkeit, mit der die Politik den gewaltsamen Auswüchsen begegnet.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlumfmlt0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Bezeichnend dafür ist folgendes Beispiel: Zürich schränkt seit rund zwei Jahren den öffentlichen Verkehr rund um Fussballspiele ein. Wer einen Match im Letzigrund besucht oder auch nur in der näheren Umgebung wohnt, muss deshalb bei vielen Spielen zu Fuss nach Hause. Die zunächst nur vorübergehend eingeführte Massnahme gilt noch immer. Der zuständige Stadtrat Michael Baumer bezeichnete die Einschränkungen zwar als ein Ärgernis. Denn bestraft werden dadurch nicht nur die Krawallsucher, sondern auch Anwohner und harmlose Matchbesucher. Doch eine Lösung ist nicht in Sicht.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlt2970r0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Die Kantone und Städte haben eine härtere Gangart angekündigt. Sie setzen auf das sogenannte Kaskadenmodell. Die Massnahmen orientieren sich dabei an der Schwere und Häufigkeit der Regelverstösse: je gravierender ein Ereignis, desto folgenschwerer die Sanktionen. Sektorenschliessungen gehören zu den Konsequenzen, die bei Gewalt gegen Personen oder beim Einsatz von Waffen und Pyrotechnik angeordnet werden können. Als Ultima Ratio vorgesehen sind: Geisterspiele und Punktabzüge.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlutojf31" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Die Basler Regierungsrätin Stephanie Eymann bezeichnete das Modell im Interview mit <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/schweiz/baslerin-stephanie-eymann-gilt-als-haerteste-polizeidirektorin-der-schweiz-gewalt-wird-nicht-toleriert-das-ist-die-rote-linie-ld.1776948">der NZZ als Zeichen an die gemässigten Fans.</a> An die Fans, die aus Freude ins Stadion gingen und sich nicht wohlfühlten, solange Gewaltausbrüche toleriert würden. Sie sagte: «Gewalt wird nicht toleriert. Das ist die rote Linie.» Dialog sei nach Exzessen allein nicht mehr zielführend.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlutmjg80" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Eymann hat zwar recht mit ihrer Aussage, dass Gewalt nicht toleriert werden dürfe. Mit Kollektivstrafen wird man der Macht der Ultras aber kaum Herr werden. </p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlutmkh90" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Die Massnahmen treffen nämlich nicht nur die Gewalttäter, sondern vor allem Unbeteiligte – friedliche Fussballfans wie normale Nutzer des öffentlichen Verkehrs.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlte08q80" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Dabei ist es durchaus verständlich, dass der Frust bei Behörden, Justiz und Politik tief sitzt. Auch wenn es zwischendurch wieder ruhiger ist, passiert nach wie vor zu oft etwas. Wenn nicht im oder vor dem Stadion, dann irgendwo in der Stadt. An einem Bahnhof, auf der Zugfahrt zum Match, vor dem Fanlokal, in der Bar oder im Tram.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlte2plr0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Wie Ende Januar in Zürich. Dort hielt eine grössere Gruppe GC-Anhänger die Polizei am Abend vor dem Derby gegen den FCZ auf Trab, weil sie mit Stangen, Schlagstöcken, Pfeffersprays und Messern bewaffnet durchs Niederdorf zog. Die Polizei kontrollierte die Ultras schliesslich, als sie im Tram unterwegs waren.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlte2plu0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Einige Stunden später wurde die gleiche Gruppe in Schwamendingen von mehreren Dutzend Anhängern des FCZ angegriffen. Die FCZ-Leute schlugen die Scheiben eines Trams ein, in dem sich die Kontrahenten befanden. Bilanz des Derbys vor dem Derby: fünf Personen im Spital sowie ein Tramtriebwagen, bei dem praktisch sämtliche Scheiben zerstört wurden.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlte2plv0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Eine von der Polizei und der Swiss Football League veröffentlichte Analyse bilanzierte 2022, dass Fanausschreitungen in der Schweiz ein «grundsätzlich persistentes und immer wieder aufkommendes Problem» seien. Das zeigen auch Zahlen aus Zürich, wo sich die fanatischen Anhänger von GC und FCZ immer wieder blutige Auseinandersetzungen liefern.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlte2pm10" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Die Statistik der Stadtpolizei Zürich belegt: In den vergangenen fünf Jahren schwankte die Zahl der registrierten Straftaten beträchtlich. Auf Phasen mit Gewaltexzessen folgten ruhigere Perioden. Wurden im Jahr 2019 insgesamt 109 Vorfälle registriert, waren es 2021 bloss 31. Allerdings gab es dort aufgrund der Pandemie viele Einschränkungen, die das Bild verfälschen. In den letzten beiden Jahren verzeichnete die Stadtpolizei 56 beziehungsweise 53 Vorfälle, bei denen es zu Gewalttaten oder Sachbeschädigungen kam.</p><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hlte7ops0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Es ist also nicht so, dass die bisher ergriffenen Massnahmen keine Wirkung hätten. Um die Gewalt einzudämmen, braucht es aber eine konsequente Bündelung von verschiedenen Instrumenten. Fünf Ansätze erweisen sich als vielversprechend:</p><div id="id-doc-1hlt2bqq20" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="enumeration-regular" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent nzzinteraction"> <ul class="enumeration enumeration--regular"><li data-team-li="" class="enumeration__item"><strong>Spezialisten bei den Strafverfolgern:</strong> Die Gewaltexzesse haben sich in den letzten Jahren zusehends weg von den Stadien verlagert. Beobachter wie der Sicherheitsexperte Maurice Illi sprechen zudem <a href="https://www.nzz.ch/zuerich/fcz-und-gc-zuerich-ultras-bereiten-experte-maurice-illi-sorgen-ld.1746926">von einer Radikalisierung eines Teils der Ultras.</a> Die vornehmlich jungen Männer sind gut organisiert, verschwiegen, verachten die Ordnungshüter und schrecken auch nicht vor brutalen Aktionen gegen Unbeteiligte zurück. Will man sie überführen, braucht es Spezialisten bei den Strafverfolgern, die sich mit der Szene auskennen – beispielsweise um frühzeitig Hinweise auf geplante Aktionen der Ultras zu erhalten. Meint es die Politik wirklich ernst, braucht es mehr Mittel für die konsequente Verfolgung der Täter.</li><li data-team-li="" class="enumeration__item"><strong>Personalisierte Tickets:</strong> Das Kaskadenmodell sieht die Schliessung eines Fansektors oder gar Geisterspiele bei schwerwiegenden Ausschreitungen vor. Ob das Modell die gewünschte Wirkung entfaltet, ist allerdings fraglich. Das Problem: Es trifft nicht nur die Übeltäter, sondern auch alle anderen Fans. Im schlimmsten Fall führen die Kollektivstrafen dazu, dass sich die harmlosen Fans mit den gewaltbereiten Ultras solidarisieren und damit das Problem gar noch verschärfen. Sinn ergeben Sperrungen als letztes Mittel – wie etwa im Fall von Basel, als Vermummte Mitarbeitende der Sicherheitsfirma des Stadionbetreibers tätlich angriffen und teilweise schwer verletzten. Sinnvoller wären personalisierte Tickets. Damit liessen sich gezielt jene Personen vom Stadion fernhalten, die für Gewalttaten verantwortlich sind. Nicht verständlich ist, dass sich die Vereine gegen persönliche Eintrittskarten wehren, weil sie negative Auswirkungen auf die Ticketeinnahmen befürchten. An grossen Konzerten liessen sie sich auch umsetzen. Und in jedem Fall sind sie besser als Geisterspiele.</li><li data-team-li="" class="enumeration__item"><strong>Meldeauflagen:</strong> Heute sprechen die Klubs für Täter Stadionverbote aus. Bei gravierenderen Vergehen verhängen die Behörden auch Rayonverbote. Solche Verbote zu kontrollieren, bindet aber viele personelle Ressourcen. Bei einer Meldeauflage muss ein Täter sich während des Spiels auf einer Polizeistelle melden. Tut er es nicht, wird er belangt. Damit lassen sich fehlbare Ultras effektiv von den Stadien fernhalten und bestrafen.</li><li data-team-li="" class="enumeration__item"><strong>Distanzierung von Gewalt:</strong> Oft ist von den Klubs zu hören, sie hätten mit Ausschreitungen nichts zu tun, weil die Gewalt fernab des Stadions stattfinde. Das ist zwar nicht falsch, aber die Klubs müssen trotzdem stärker signalisieren, dass sie die Gewalt ausserhalb der Stadien nicht akzeptieren. Wenn etwa der FCZ-Präsident Ancillo Canepa in einem Interview mit den Tamedia-Zeitungen behauptet, ein Stand des Stadtrivalen GC am Züri-Fäscht sei eine «Provokation», dann hat er etwas Zentrales nicht begriffen. Ultras des FCZ hatten den Stand im Sommer 2023 angegriffen und verwüstet. Mit einer solchen Aussage legitimiert Canepa die Gewalt, selbst wenn er sie nicht gutheisst. Es braucht eine entschiedenere Distanzierung von Gewalt durch Funktionäre und Sportler.</li><li data-team-li="" class="enumeration__item"><strong>Dialog und Prävention:</strong> Ohne eine starke Fanarbeit und den Dialog mit den Fankurven wird es nicht gehen. Intensiviert werden sollte vor allem der Austausch mit jenen Kreisen, die sich grundsätzlich friedlich verhalten. Neben präventiven Angeboten wie Schulbesuchen von Klubs gibt es auch weitere interessante Ansätze. In Österreich und Skandinavien etwa gibt es Versuche mit Pyros. Es gibt Sektoren, wo Feuerwerk legal und sicher gezündet werden darf.</li></ul></div><p data-team-paragraph="" id="id-doc-1hltdvvkh0" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="p" data-vars-danzz-last-article-element="true" is-new-line-child="true" class="articlecomponent text nzzinteraction">Die Erfahrungen aus den letzten Jahren zeigen: Einfache Lösungen gibt es nicht, einen Fussball ganz ohne Gewalt wird es wohl auch künftig nicht geben. Es wäre eine Illusion, dass Ausschreitungen ganz zum Verschwinden gebracht werden könnten. Doch es gibt Instrumente, um das Problem anzugehen. 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container__header-text--commenting-preview"> 31 Kommentare </span></div> <div class="comments-item"><div class="comments-item__header"><div class="comments-item__header--left"><div class="comments-item__author"> Richard Hürlimann </div> <div class="comments-item__time"><time datetime="2024-02-09T12:46:24.462Z">vor etwa einem Jahr</time></div></div> <div class="comments-item__header--right"><div class="comments-item__like"> 23 Empfehlungen </div></div></div> <div class="comments-item__content"><p class="comments-item__text"> 1. An personalisierten Tickets führt kein Weg vorbei und ist heute mit entsprechender EDV machbar. 2. Sonderzüge für Fans sind grundsätzlich abzulehnen. Falls Sie trotzdem zum Einsatz kommen sollten, muss jede Person, die diesen Zug besteigt, sich ausweisen und wird registriert. 3. Schnellverfahren mit schmerzhaften Bussen für Chaoten sind sofort einzuführen. 4. Die Clubs erwirtschaften privaten Gewinn. Ihre Veranstaltungen verursachen öffentliche Kosten. Da liegt es doch auf der Hand, dass sie auch finanziell für diese Kosten herangezogen werden dürfen. </p></div> <div class="comments-item__like comments-item__like--footer"> 23 Empfehlungen </div></div><div class="comments-item"><div class="comments-item__header"><div class="comments-item__header--left"><div class="comments-item__author"> Sven Seitz </div> <div class="comments-item__time"><time datetime="2024-02-09T08:25:34.474Z">vor etwa einem Jahr</time></div></div> <div class="comments-item__header--right"><div class="comments-item__like"> 23 Empfehlungen </div></div></div> <div class="comments-item__content"><p class="comments-item__text"> Solange die Clubs nicht die volle Verantwortung übernehmen, kommen wir nicht weiter. Die erwähnten Massnahmen würden definitiv helfen, die Gewalt einzudämmen. Aber geht ja noch weiter: in der Agglomeration „markieren“ die sog. „Fans“ ihre Rayons mit Klebern und Sprayereien, teils eine richtige Schlacht auf öffentlichen oder sogar privatem Grund - auch diese Sachbeschädigungen verursachen Kosten, welche mE direkt den Clubs in Rechnung gestellt werden müssten. So würden sie sich sehr schnell überlegen, wie sie die Chaoten in den Griff bekommen, und wen sie eben nicht als Fans haben wollen. Womit wir wieder bei der Identifikation der Täter wären… </p></div> <div class="comments-item__like comments-item__like--footer"> 23 Empfehlungen </div></div> <button class="comments__button comments__open"> Alle Kommentare anzeigen </button></div></div></div><section id="id-doc-1hlsvj5273" content="" pagetype="Article" componenttype="moreToSubject" data-vars-danzz-last-article-element="true" is-new-line-child="true" class="pageelement pageelement--moretosubject article-tags-above nzzinteraction"><div class="pageelement__inner"><div class="container container--moretosubject"><div class="container__header-title container__header-title--moretosubject"><span class="container__header-text container__header-text--moretosubject">Passend zum Artikel</span></div></div> <div class="widget__row widget__row--noBorder"><div data-team-more-to-subject class="widget--articlelist-a"><article data-source-element-widget="" class="teaser--article teaser--articlelist-a "><div id="id-ld_1746926" 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Die Instrumente dazu gäbe es. Fünf Ansätze gegen die Macht der Krawallmacher.";dP.teaserGallery={style:a,images:[]};dP.nzzId=ae;dP.layout=r;dP.designName=a_;dP.firstTitle=dW;dP.numberOfContentComponents=21;dP.embeds={images:[{url:"https:\u002F\u002Fimg.nzz.ch\u002FO=75\u002Fhttps:\u002F\u002Fimg.nzz.ch\u002F2023\u002F07\u002F19\u002Fec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg",author:av,caption:ce,origins:[{name:ab,identifier:dp}]}],videos:[],q_embeds:[]};dP.url=V;dP.urlPath=V;dP.estimationWordCount=1330;dP.seoSocialMediaTitle=bl;dP.showComments=c;dP.contentTypeGroup=ad;dP.nzzAuthorsCredited=[{id:dR,name:dS,shortName:dT,external:b}];dP.comments={showComments:c,url:"https:\u002F\u002Fkommentare.nzz.ch\u002Fapi\u002Fv1\u002Fasset-comment-info\u002F?asset_id=1777513",visibleCommentCount:31,visibleReactionCount:263,newestTopComments:[{author_name:"Richard Hürlimann",created_at:"2024-02-09T12:46:24.462Z",text:"1. An personalisierten Tickets führt kein Weg vorbei und ist heute mit entsprechender EDV machbar.\n2. Sonderzüge für Fans sind grundsätzlich abzulehnen. Falls Sie trotzdem zum Einsatz kommen sollten, muss jede Person, die diesen Zug besteigt, sich ausweisen und wird registriert. \n3. Schnellverfahren mit schmerzhaften Bussen für Chaoten sind sofort einzuführen. \n4. Die Clubs erwirtschaften privaten Gewinn. Ihre Veranstaltungen verursachen öffentliche Kosten. Da liegt es doch auf der Hand, dass sie auch finanziell für diese Kosten herangezogen werden dürfen.",like_count:dX,dislike_count:j},{author_name:"Sven Seitz",created_at:"2024-02-09T08:25:34.474Z",text:"Solange die Clubs nicht die volle Verantwortung übernehmen, kommen wir nicht weiter. Die erwähnten Massnahmen würden definitiv helfen, die Gewalt einzudämmen. Aber geht ja noch weiter: in der Agglomeration „markieren“ die sog. „Fans“ ihre Rayons mit Klebern und Sprayereien, teils eine richtige Schlacht auf öffentlichen oder sogar privatem Grund - auch diese Sachbeschädigungen verursachen Kosten, welche mE direkt den Clubs in Rechnung gestellt werden müssten. So würden sie sich sehr schnell überlegen, wie sie die Chaoten in den Griff bekommen, und wen sie eben nicht als Fans haben wollen. Womit wir wieder bei der Identifikation der Täter wären…",like_count:dX,dislike_count:j},{author_name:"Daniel Billeter",created_at:"2024-02-09T09:08:08.367Z",text:"Die Ultras habe sicher bemerkt, dass es für politisch auf der städtischen Linie liegende Gruppen wie Hausbesetzer*\u002F:Innen oder in Bern die Reitschule, schon lange rechtsfreie Räume gibt. Jetzt testen sie, ob es die auch für sie selbst gibt.\n",like_count:22,dislike_count:j}],openDiscussion:b,cachedAt:"2025-02-25T17:31:55+00:00",confirmed:c};dP.seo={title:bk,socialMediaTitle:bl,canonicalUrl:af};dP.firstPublicationDate=cx;dP.publicationDate=cx;dP.significantUpdateTill="2024-02-09T16:30:00.000Z";dP.significantUpdate=b;dP.publicationLastUpdated=cy;dP.allArticleLanguages=[{seo:{},urlPath:V,locale:s}];dP.isHighlightedHeader=c;dP.nzzTopics=[{name:cj,slug:"\u002Fthemen\u002Ffc-zuerich"}];dP.barrierIndex=dY;dP.outlinks={mehrZumThema:[cw,dF,dO],artikelListe:[],aliasTeaserEmbedList:[],nextReadContent:[]};dP.currentRevisionId=1707453000;dQ.id=dR;dQ.name=dS;dQ.shortName=dT;dQ.external=b;d_.url="https:\u002F\u002Fimg.nzz.ch\u002F2023\u002F07\u002F19\u002Fec5a338f-ff85-4583-9a65-4e21dd8fc14c.jpeg?width=1200&height=674&fit=bounds&quality=75&auto=webp&crop=2148,1208,x0,y224&wmark=nzz";d_.type=aa;d_.width=1200;d_.height=674;ef["@type"]="NewsMediaOrganization";ef.name=bn;ef.url=bo;ef.logo={"@type":"ImageObject",url:"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nzz.ch\u002Flogo.png",width:413,height:60};ef.contactPoint=[{"@type":"ContactPoint",telephone:"+41-44-2581000",contactType:"customer service"}];ef.sameAs=[eg,"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.twitter.com\u002Fnzz","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fchannel\u002FUCK1aTcR0AckQRLTlK0c4fuQ","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.linkedin.com\u002Fcompany\u002Fneue-zurcher-zeitung",eh,"https:\u002F\u002Fde.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNeue_Z%C3%BCrcher_Zeitung","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.wikidata.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQ658945","https:\u002F\u002Fplus.google.com\u002F+nzz\u002F","http:\u002F\u002Fwww.freebase.com\u002Fm\u002F041b43"];ef.masthead="https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nzz.ch\u002Fimpressum\u002Fimpressum-ld.148422";ef.foundingDate="1780";el.title="Suche Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Schweiz, https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nzz.ch\u002Fsuche";el.href="\u002Fsuche";ep.standard={Tags:[V,"classification=default","relevance=default","layout=opinion","kommentar","audiotts=true","comments=true","owner=nzz","product=nzz","doctype=article","pagetype=article","ldid=ld.1777513","channel=Meinung"],ContentCreated:cy,ContentAuthor:$,ContentSection:l,ContentIsNative:c};ep.custom={product:t,docType:q,pageType:q,layout:r,ldId:ae,channel:l,heading:_,language:s};return {layout:"default",data:[{data:{content:[{component:"header",identifier:dk,id:"doc-1hlsvj5270",content:{title:_,lead:"Gewalttätige Fussballfans müssen konsequent verfolgt und bestraft werden. ",author:$},data:{_leadDirective:{}},prevElement:a,nextElement:cc,firstContentElement:c},{component:"image",identifier:cc,id:dl,content:{image:{originalUrl:dm,url:dn,mediaId:do0,width:cd,height:aR,mimeType:aa,altText:"Bildnummer: 07837248 Datum: 11.05.2011 Copyright: imago\u002FUlmer FUSSBALL AXPO Super League 2010\u002F2011 33. Spieltag 11.05.2011 FC Zuerich 2-2 FC Basel FCZ Fan mit Bengalischen Feuer in der Südkurve PUBLICATIONxNOTxINxSUI ; Fussball Herren SUI vdig xsp xo0x 2011 quer Aufmacher SPORTS 1. LIGA FEUER RAUCH RAUCHBOMBE KRAWALL HOOLIGANS HOOLIGAN PYRO PYROTECHNIK BENGALO FAHNE FAHNEN Totale Image number 07837248 date 11 05 2011 Copyright imago Ulmer Football Axpo Super League 2010 2011 33 Matchday 11 05 2011 FC Zurich 2 2 FC Basel FCZ supporter with Bengali Fire in the South curve PUBLICATIONxNOTxINxSUI Football men SUI Vdig xo0x 2011 horizontal Highlight Sports 1 League Fire Smoke Smoke bomb Riot Hooligans Hooligan Pyro Pyrotechnics Bengalo Flag Flags long shot",origins:[{name:ab,identifier:dp}],imageService:dq,key:dr},caption:ce,author:av},styles:{position:"image--containerwidth"},prevElement:dk,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlsvj5271",content:{text:"Es werden gerade viele Zeichen gesetzt rund um Gewalt im Fussball. Zuerst sind es die Stadtzürcher Behörden. Sie entscheiden Ende Januar, die Südkurve, den Fansektor des FC Zürich, beim Heimspiel gegen Lausanne zu schliessen. Die grüne Sicherheitsvorsteherin Karin Rykart betont, wie wichtig ein solches Zeichen sei."},prevElement:cc,nextElement:cf},{id:"doc-d3d01635",identifier:cf,prevElement:d,nextElement:cg},{id:"doc-d6a5b6d7",identifier:cg,paidContent:c,prevElement:cf,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlsvvjvh0",content:{text:"Auslöser für die Massnahme sind Ausschreitungen nach dem Spiel gegen den FC Basel. Am 24. Januar greifen rund hundert FCZ-Ultras die Einsatzkräfte der Polizei mit brennenden Fackeln, Rauchpetarden, Feuerwerk, Steinen und Flaschen an. "},paidContent:c,prevElement:cg,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlsvvjvn0",content:{text:"Nach der Politik setzen die Fans ein Zeichen. Sie treffen sich unweit des Stadions Letzigrund, um dort vergünstigte Tickets für die Sektoren ausserhalb der Südkurve zu kaufen. Schliesslich kapern die Fans den Gästesektor. Die Botschaft: «Uns wird man so schnell nicht los.»"},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlt08ei40",content:{text:"Der Fall illustriert die kollektive Ratlosigkeit im Kampf gegen Fangewalt im Fussball – und lässt den begrenzten Nutzen von gesperrten Fansektoren offensichtlich werden."},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlt0i1020",content:{text:"Seit Jahren schon ringen die Behörden um eine Antwort auf die Gewalteskalation im Umfeld der grossen Fussballklubs. Das Bild ist immer das gleiche: Auf Gewalt folgt Empörung, Verurteilung und Bestrafung. Bis zur nächsten Gewalttat. Es ist ein Katz-und-Maus-Spiel zwischen Politik, Polizei und einigen hundert Krawallbrüdern."},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlv8gnmq1",content:{text:"Einen Durchbruch hat es bisher nie gegeben. Die Massnahmen illustrieren vielmehr die zunehmende Hilflosigkeit, mit der die Politik den gewaltsamen Auswüchsen begegnet."},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlumfmlt0",content:{text:"Bezeichnend dafür ist folgendes Beispiel: Zürich schränkt seit rund zwei Jahren den öffentlichen Verkehr rund um Fussballspiele ein. Wer einen Match im Letzigrund besucht oder auch nur in der näheren Umgebung wohnt, muss deshalb bei vielen Spielen zu Fuss nach Hause. Die zunächst nur vorübergehend eingeführte Massnahme gilt noch immer. Der zuständige Stadtrat Michael Baumer bezeichnete die Einschränkungen zwar als ein Ärgernis. Denn bestraft werden dadurch nicht nur die Krawallsucher, sondern auch Anwohner und harmlose Matchbesucher. Doch eine Lösung ist nicht in Sicht."},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlt2970r0",content:{text:"Die Kantone und Städte haben eine härtere Gangart angekündigt. Sie setzen auf das sogenannte Kaskadenmodell. Die Massnahmen orientieren sich dabei an der Schwere und Häufigkeit der Regelverstösse: je gravierender ein Ereignis, desto folgenschwerer die Sanktionen. Sektorenschliessungen gehören zu den Konsequenzen, die bei Gewalt gegen Personen oder beim Einsatz von Waffen und Pyrotechnik angeordnet werden können. Als Ultima Ratio vorgesehen sind: Geisterspiele und Punktabzüge."},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlutojf31",content:{text:"Die Basler Regierungsrätin Stephanie Eymann bezeichnete das Modell im Interview mit \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nzz.ch\u002Fschweiz\u002Fbaslerin-stephanie-eymann-gilt-als-haerteste-polizeidirektorin-der-schweiz-gewalt-wird-nicht-toleriert-das-ist-die-rote-linie-ld.1776948\"\u003Eder NZZ als Zeichen an die gemässigten Fans.\u003C\u002Fa\u003E An die Fans, die aus Freude ins Stadion gingen und sich nicht wohlfühlten, solange Gewaltausbrüche toleriert würden. Sie sagte: «Gewalt wird nicht toleriert. Das ist die rote Linie.» Dialog sei nach Exzessen allein nicht mehr zielführend."},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlutmjg80",content:{text:"Eymann hat zwar recht mit ihrer Aussage, dass Gewalt nicht toleriert werden dürfe. Mit Kollektivstrafen wird man der Macht der Ultras aber kaum Herr werden. "},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlutmkh90",content:{text:"Die Massnahmen treffen nämlich nicht nur die Gewalttäter, sondern vor allem Unbeteiligte – friedliche Fussballfans wie normale Nutzer des öffentlichen Verkehrs."},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlte08q80",content:{text:"Dabei ist es durchaus verständlich, dass der Frust bei Behörden, Justiz und Politik tief sitzt. Auch wenn es zwischendurch wieder ruhiger ist, passiert nach wie vor zu oft etwas. Wenn nicht im oder vor dem Stadion, dann irgendwo in der Stadt. An einem Bahnhof, auf der Zugfahrt zum Match, vor dem Fanlokal, in der Bar oder im Tram."},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlte2plr0",content:{text:"Wie Ende Januar in Zürich. Dort hielt eine grössere Gruppe GC-Anhänger die Polizei am Abend vor dem Derby gegen den FCZ auf Trab, weil sie mit Stangen, Schlagstöcken, Pfeffersprays und Messern bewaffnet durchs Niederdorf zog. Die Polizei kontrollierte die Ultras schliesslich, als sie im Tram unterwegs waren."},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlte2plu0",content:{text:"Einige Stunden später wurde die gleiche Gruppe in Schwamendingen von mehreren Dutzend Anhängern des FCZ angegriffen. Die FCZ-Leute schlugen die Scheiben eines Trams ein, in dem sich die Kontrahenten befanden. Bilanz des Derbys vor dem Derby: fünf Personen im Spital sowie ein Tramtriebwagen, bei dem praktisch sämtliche Scheiben zerstört wurden."},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlte2plv0",content:{text:"Eine von der Polizei und der Swiss Football League veröffentlichte Analyse bilanzierte 2022, dass Fanausschreitungen in der Schweiz ein «grundsätzlich persistentes und immer wieder aufkommendes Problem» seien. Das zeigen auch Zahlen aus Zürich, wo sich die fanatischen Anhänger von GC und FCZ immer wieder blutige Auseinandersetzungen liefern."},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlte2pm10",content:{text:"Die Statistik der Stadtpolizei Zürich belegt: In den vergangenen fünf Jahren schwankte die Zahl der registrierten Straftaten beträchtlich. Auf Phasen mit Gewaltexzessen folgten ruhigere Perioden. Wurden im Jahr 2019 insgesamt 109 Vorfälle registriert, waren es 2021 bloss 31. Allerdings gab es dort aufgrund der Pandemie viele Einschränkungen, die das Bild verfälschen. In den letzten beiden Jahren verzeichnete die Stadtpolizei 56 beziehungsweise 53 Vorfälle, bei denen es zu Gewalttaten oder Sachbeschädigungen kam."},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hlte7ops0",content:{text:"Es ist also nicht so, dass die bisher ergriffenen Massnahmen keine Wirkung hätten. Um die Gewalt einzudämmen, braucht es aber eine konsequente Bündelung von verschiedenen Instrumenten. Fünf Ansätze erweisen sich als vielversprechend:"},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:ch},{component:"enumeration-regular",identifier:ch,id:"doc-1hlt2bqq20",containers:{enumeration:[{component:aw,identifier:ax,id:"doc-1hlt358bh0",content:{text:"\u003Cstrong\u003ESpezialisten bei den Strafverfolgern:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Die Gewaltexzesse haben sich in den letzten Jahren zusehends weg von den Stadien verlagert. Beobachter wie der Sicherheitsexperte Maurice Illi sprechen zudem \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.nzz.ch\u002Fzuerich\u002Ffcz-und-gc-zuerich-ultras-bereiten-experte-maurice-illi-sorgen-ld.1746926\"\u003Evon einer Radikalisierung eines Teils der Ultras.\u003C\u002Fa\u003E Die vornehmlich jungen Männer sind gut organisiert, verschwiegen, verachten die Ordnungshüter und schrecken auch nicht vor brutalen Aktionen gegen Unbeteiligte zurück. Will man sie überführen, braucht es Spezialisten bei den Strafverfolgern, die sich mit der Szene auskennen – beispielsweise um frühzeitig Hinweise auf geplante Aktionen der Ultras zu erhalten. Meint es die Politik wirklich ernst, braucht es mehr Mittel für die konsequente Verfolgung der Täter."},data:{_textDirective:{highlightedTextRanges:{CGdyCanJccWP:{start:ds,end:659,text:"mehr"}}}}},{component:aw,identifier:ax,id:"doc-1hlt2bqq30",content:{text:"\u003Cstrong\u003EPersonalisierte Tickets:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Das Kaskadenmodell sieht die Schliessung eines Fansektors oder gar Geisterspiele bei schwerwiegenden Ausschreitungen vor. Ob das Modell die gewünschte Wirkung entfaltet, ist allerdings fraglich. Das Problem: Es trifft nicht nur die Übeltäter, sondern auch alle anderen Fans. Im schlimmsten Fall führen die Kollektivstrafen dazu, dass sich die harmlosen Fans mit den gewaltbereiten Ultras solidarisieren und damit das Problem gar noch verschärfen. Sinn ergeben Sperrungen als letztes Mittel – wie etwa im Fall von Basel, als Vermummte Mitarbeitende der Sicherheitsfirma des Stadionbetreibers tätlich angriffen und teilweise schwer verletzten. Sinnvoller wären personalisierte Tickets. Damit liessen sich gezielt jene Personen vom Stadion fernhalten, die für Gewalttaten verantwortlich sind. Nicht verständlich ist, dass sich die Vereine gegen persönliche Eintrittskarten wehren, weil sie negative Auswirkungen auf die Ticketeinnahmen befürchten. An grossen Konzerten liessen sie sich auch umsetzen. Und in jedem Fall sind sie besser als Geisterspiele."},data:{_textDirective:{}}},{component:aw,identifier:ax,id:"doc-1hlt30vjq0",content:{text:"\u003Cstrong\u003EMeldeauflagen:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Heute sprechen die Klubs für Täter Stadionverbote aus. Bei gravierenderen Vergehen verhängen die Behörden auch Rayonverbote. Solche Verbote zu kontrollieren, bindet aber viele personelle Ressourcen. Bei einer Meldeauflage muss ein Täter sich während des Spiels auf einer Polizeistelle melden. Tut er es nicht, wird er belangt. Damit lassen sich fehlbare Ultras effektiv von den Stadien fernhalten und bestrafen."},data:{_textDirective:{}}},{component:aw,identifier:ax,id:"doc-1hltdrqc90",content:{text:"\u003Cstrong\u003EDistanzierung von Gewalt:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Oft ist von den Klubs zu hören, sie hätten mit Ausschreitungen nichts zu tun, weil die Gewalt fernab des Stadions stattfinde. Das ist zwar nicht falsch, aber die Klubs müssen trotzdem stärker signalisieren, dass sie die Gewalt ausserhalb der Stadien nicht akzeptieren. Wenn etwa der FCZ-Präsident Ancillo Canepa in einem Interview mit den Tamedia-Zeitungen behauptet, ein Stand des Stadtrivalen GC am Züri-Fäscht sei eine «Provokation», dann hat er etwas Zentrales nicht begriffen. Ultras des FCZ hatten den Stand im Sommer 2023 angegriffen und verwüstet. Mit einer solchen Aussage legitimiert Canepa die Gewalt, selbst wenn er sie nicht gutheisst. Es braucht eine entschiedenere Distanzierung von Gewalt durch Funktionäre und Sportler."},data:{_textDirective:{}}},{component:aw,identifier:ax,id:"doc-1hltdtmo20",content:{text:"\u003Cstrong\u003EDialog und Prävention:\u003C\u002Fstrong\u003E Ohne eine starke Fanarbeit und den Dialog mit den Fankurven wird es nicht gehen. Intensiviert werden sollte vor allem der Austausch mit jenen Kreisen, die sich grundsätzlich friedlich verhalten. Neben präventiven Angeboten wie Schulbesuchen von Klubs gibt es auch weitere interessante Ansätze. In Österreich und Skandinavien etwa gibt es Versuche mit Pyros. Es gibt Sektoren, wo Feuerwerk legal und sicher gezündet werden darf."}}]},paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:d},{component:h,identifier:d,id:"doc-1hltdvvkh0",content:{text:"Die Erfahrungen aus den letzten Jahren zeigen: Einfache Lösungen gibt es nicht, einen Fussball ganz ohne Gewalt wird es wohl auch künftig nicht geben. Es wäre eine Illusion, dass Ausschreitungen ganz zum Verschwinden gebracht werden könnten. Doch es gibt Instrumente, um das Problem anzugehen. Je konsequenter Straftäter verfolgt werden und Prävention bei den vielen anderen angewendet wird, desto besser."},data:{},paidContent:c,prevElement:ch,nextElement:ci,lastContentElement:c},{component:"sharebox",identifier:ci,id:"doc-1hlsvj5272",paidContent:c,prevElement:d,nextElement:dt},{component:"moreToSubject",identifier:dt,id:"doc-1hlsvj5273",content:{title:"Passend zum Artikel",hasArticleTags:c,relevantTopic:cj},containers:{"moreToSubject-area":[{component:ck,identifier:cl,id:"doc-1hlsvj5274",content:{"link-box-embed":{service:cm,params:{type:cn,layout:[ay,co,cp,cq,cr,cs,aS,ct,ac,aT,aU,cu,r,aV,aW,aX,aY],mediaId:1746926}},article:{metadata:{teaserAuthor:av,contentTypeGroup:ad,flag:du,significantUpdate:b,teaserGallery:{images:[],style:a},language:{groupId:"9rzIvlWcGxAf",label:aZ,locale:s},title:"«GC-Sympathisanten können sich in Zürich nicht mehr sicher fühlen» – ein Hooligan-Experte blickt mit Sorge auf die Radikalisierung gewisser FCZ-Ultras",seoTitle:"FCZ und GC Zürich: Ultras 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Dabei gbe es Instrumente. 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