CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134e81e68293dad',cH: 'LH5U1zO9E3Q5Y.qIQV1Pa6TnEKbv29zjqx9UPfJzDDI-1739786178-1.2.1.1-94b5Nw27P_5qctsAQcDzFy5oYLMLFH20xCtKgTzjdSenrclIsKoPopkbZxcyzSi0',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=Machine%20learning&__cf_chl_tk=e4joT27Qhxz_bMOOHzWzgJoId0S_QmBA79HwH3uZRsM-1739786178-1.0.1.1-PRe6AKy8tRxtsR1Nss1f7hnoPYbzBU9f7VqODZwcXR4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739786178',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/search?q=Machine%20learning&__cf_chl_f_tk=e4joT27Qhxz_bMOOHzWzgJoId0S_QmBA79HwH3uZRsM-1739786178-1.0.1.1-PRe6AKy8tRxtsR1Nss1f7hnoPYbzBU9f7VqODZwcXR4",md: "FTI2x4VOVjY2MEVjTtwp0dUQyK_dYCecgjInyGodNnA-1739786178-1.2.1.1-w2.CV_Jt6sCiqqPU8dKSMMHiEiSqUJI1fHJo.8ZzpVoCiCGBEoXvQEuT0k.mWtfgFMbhtce5J4kC1loFN5Yqt4SC2lK3xgNzsS8v0tBsiY.1OrhxMnfQDP9uhSQENTcDkJaS8dHrwfm7ETrBSfZlwbF2PEorm6ffGI5Khsqb36j0yhai7BbfwtwQQMT7fXns12QMnOdSrKq_i0vXov3WybvILMx91xEFQYD5A5n47AlNdIJKF8LXktD8oiTYDw6vtIQs74iJ47RZYQN6rJCzs435lK3OAx_e4m43PeU00oAjuWqpTgvr_3TC60Dsjfq.FIs1OO1OZLEgN8gUqnbXvO8Z5ZxuRxq0O_9LQzUqAOCkXWjc2IfxjB_9mPhXsRY2JDmqJAe6IdbWhxpDQF7Rlsi4EQ35pp_yueeLll.1FtxayqXWNKZv4E0lx7ccG_gWwW.hUSOVBXZafe994jjxOUwEk88idjV.9wgqDYHSLzP588oKF_JYX.lZ6sca_ZRlgDU.C3z._Hgakw0m3Cq95eJ.9f0GNu_aTj1yO6Sc9blJNSBJLvf2CAagpmy.rA9qmcx.HNIRbcl.marqpsx8i.h77ectoytRxJfacAkqbM_CHDG7JFpy5sR4_0HHuTHUNw8lO18gOh7Z2TUkNpiIr6dAuASbrl7zd0Hc5gR_yxMRuAGhUkym5uTGxEnEuQ4.2VQgtrsvQHVEfCdJFYOKXUoJin7BAEkrWn4KymkaLk7dXsk_L.sqPbGUCHUS.sU37TtyDqXQiBlRGCMehgo10FxKpeh64wd_i2KZQfBb3XwaxJKojdst0aXR_mBLP_hTbkHDPoUdZ9ve2qzy.yPouJVvJJqB0O3nNA8FOxuxxXN9BWEdF_SM0mfWrXnn6B9rRClPWmdankC1ocCHv4UxjhNUFjEWRwikkM_ya3my6YSX5iTnK_UcNiBNGABYSSJxZmV8W9C.kJiYgdpvH0h7p2hfuvzJX19nbp8XV0FR2Wf5oRvIY5eHu2X4tTkhUdm3MvZ0HI8FZ5Qd64m3u0uMYHJHadchT0podCQ.wM8NyujlWdWltsTiHWmr3dh1fU1Y6XDo9BUBGC9nTjaAfm5CJf1dic7whdIvcBrzj2qmWysicsd_auwQZY_jWJZJixQET1xf3jm4j5ENRFWW0sD1nJiqhzyw1zgpyjKNgpq8QyMUkZuMxdqfnm_ssKI5eaOf7LwexJFlLJHoM7WF_8ECIH.tIyDAXJ1723baUNLl3MO_vM_DmJ2GWKArb_HFIp_RjYJXdq58XWfkBKgd_vA4OP1qhl4KppBkEg6mEhuMn8qi2joomoVFxaoj_TvF4BEt4sifvoFwXvCOKoZ9C26rOyyDy.1HGnGeI8lS9YgsD0M3kVqJrccHYyDtauVtRnCIkp899VSpcsmJ674UskbyaJyOi18VLuGoQ5HfKIyzhYCEIaOrFGyr94ZpQcFJPJzamSLLzKfxNE4oVaaJylVs29DKlnfaq1uGubRmKBVhSWlbYPqENPaHdrww1DFo6YHdsu0zbijLQ0i0ma_G4SsiodJdF3QtlBnrDlQFgYH.OhB.hLqU7g3R0KrpVIZgQext3M73vBraNrsiMzZKwjgkZN_rXZoh3z3Kr9FRiCDtWtfptWTGjcrE7BRmX.EtB5ldoFClUV1LvHUhiYDGgpL_jMRBqNj2GxcY5U1X.JyLpPsZfEZieg9WspqTGz1LmvVQ97c7Ehq.ZQaQZbXEOvtZdAWQKBtKWKdijpix3HXcz2o94wm.gZ.wZAwbXHab5PZL7HH3oxs6X5qf2020zWzKJQHWc0sCIT5NRqKt.Q5Q0Fb_enQ10ppUdahZ8qWUBYFNxDRR24hEFcmZ8wXQ67PUO674cgaIg5raWyoaaJ0.J_d6kO9.tZ0hOEJeFBPhiVFDbXuQSh3qP6KUnhknmXdlqA",mdrd: "2zpYu9O1TOguEePTVJDzQiAhJQqpiQWXVbvx9IYSwu4-1739786178-1.2.1.1-iOVPfBXCLrtOIB2Gv.5v5JN_VlecqZ4m2faFrrX1c0NG548eRggzOpMEZIGJmabFwsyOaJNpbR8P83LNCoayMAKwEls667Gd7B66TMHY_rsseLBP54CdzEJ2WPy1yo1EXS9y2we8IVjR8eJXRihe6j2IfEd.Sv_6WB2wNivcXPzAcqrkEgz3BYh4ptdllpmS6ofSKHJQRBh.ImS15YixN8pTeg.e40a23JUHyQTnoq6aEBG2zRUo3ZjAVk1rXoyykIC25Mn4oQqKavXGnLxdVdJUwHNcyWsU_oA4dGkn2cxfDVC2ZSdRPQbo3I7cuzvV1AhGcKc0sE7ybM80041gTu9bzsOKuapf0vnPmVft3Yq9A1_u2RXD8AdoNIZhyEFwO5FuZZNBmgqldpQj1_AU254ekSv0k1zo2t237C_dmSRqr.u3_q.EN01fptNGwKKo2G1P0.yXf.6wHaOzLS8uRmwUTDW9KlhrmwzvZhC4r7MmRkqbdocmiMha1x_r6aRG8fZJ64pgSupVoMrOGT6Gm2_YgJYWtBgQnyB4zglhfM0A1SBGuI2.iE7AMpZn6NVFZYXe6DnvWm7kSp4SmMzQoCAdCM1x775FaKeXgh70Sz0out8f2h70ASn0HzIEXy51uIH1_Dd9w5IiCi.f4inNWTfT623JBLdSo_599PLjSBAGUavQseNIo6WLca3VKgMt.gWXJiURJCgCGyCwlxCvHsS8NLBezRWScAwXv4n3nhCNaomrvRlrzogNSGtwq38PU.2.JOOgc2KJqE0_plWviWpvwil9fD3g7ZqHSQ6oZI1fKFAOu_zwmdh4n1APIv1eYBsY_yqv36yYiUhLmyCvI2g8pUXQ.WdjKpuJXO2tPAPblNY0E7WkNe4W8PFoWHX3vMxUiOzrcwS25l6arjrUeLE_D5Xwa0ytuRRCoslEdx88_RlC4KgboJPJ9_5P.n5RkGqMrczaONj96ZWypqh_J.Z3EnUXFxCgu_ohWycoW6tep54IbMrxakYW6tGZNMNCGo.9w1A2lniu1D0I8vRCGAH9rgPcL25JjNegg4TmZNWb5zWqIgy0urMp90.G7Bqa8PneAM9q9ClkeNgekpzuMZdINNhLQjpNA73BuY.que2z2wYemPpB5XfQZGplKqkwAVnxx6dJDZbFNIsjlTdQY3e9WllamrYHRDbspsCmxM6XVdMgJUkbhxXSc3MpmIQLto75E5VFEROo4yP1EUcPExPcP_y2QloHN3SqRbX6izFEgsYRyZCwyt7Y_xrGKtEbENV4PzEciO8yBIm2U8DRBj_UWfqdeTQkEHCFQOkU6pw9Vammvo7W6fbFvUwVZOK.kYWZkRX6N0hdvJpTbY6xfzuEyUIUoeGSHaLCU1csvQHZCXqpL_5CvPB3lA4BxsIazvzr8XzbuvbufQeIUbyPpQPy7GGnA0n7galj9dETn.BQH.hncaEJrQoiedk8m05eqm50OBAPGJp9Dvba5CKM9Gjrx7jAyBT2tREx1wdi0LLs8AivNsbWD5QTW2NvJisMUOmHb6gE8S1FW.ZLCo94.9j8sVL9LNysSBfg6U6VGv2QhjIePJahgCsgW6XzBdyVFEpwYJ_Xcx47_UxgQS9byOgQ4wW9qNRufueelEH34E2NpeLTpb6a0SxNaApM1ArevVihNdT2bXTvmgVnUVp_MtMZi_aPFfr9hyA5pnk6mDpv.5V0MiTTbj_fM3Zq4arIL4Ifm.RcekPx6j7kwclsPpzY2pradIw19JmOk6jAdDVZhf_I.9pHIrn3yeaIyqiFXkLsjV36fMQD_W3v5XjwpEsPsbUCOd.k6ldInv_c7eYIQUIPAW33dIVyPZI3knAhHHdeXlf2kayFzV1O1CofIKpxIwCM1JkRo466_X7ZZe1lMICMPyzGAgV64NAxjTPPxIRGni2BF4Ur8XDcfPK_xn._LPoEYNznuewO2t7VqeFeFvIoWmZ8YJOWaVJrJOo9"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134e81e68293dad';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=Machine%20learning&__cf_chl_rt_tk=e4joT27Qhxz_bMOOHzWzgJoId0S_QmBA79HwH3uZRsM-1739786178-1.0.1.1-PRe6AKy8tRxtsR1Nss1f7hnoPYbzBU9f7VqODZwcXR4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>