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scintillators</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: plastic scintillators"> <meta name="keywords" content="plastic scintillators"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="plastic scintillators"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1015</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: plastic scintillators</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1015</span> Luminescent Properties of Plastic Scintillator with Large Area Photonic Crystal Prepared by a Combination of Nanoimprint Lithography and Atomic Layer Deposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinlu%20Ruan">Jinlu Ruan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang%20Chen"> Liang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Liu"> Bo Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoping%20Ouyang"> Xiaoping Ouyang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhichao%20Zhu"> Zhichao Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhongbing%20Zhang"> Zhongbing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiyi%20He"> Shiyi He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengxuan%20Xu"> Mengxuan Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plastic scintillators play an important role in the measurement of a mixed neutron/gamma pulsed radiation, neutron radiography and pulse shape discrimination technology. In some research, these luminescent properties are necessary that photons produced by the interactions between a plastic scintillator and radiations can be detected as much as possible by the photoelectric detectors and more photons can be emitted from the scintillators along a specific direction where detectors are located. Unfortunately, a majority of these photons produced are trapped in the plastic scintillators due to the total internal reflection (TIR), because there is a significant light-trapping effect when the incident angle of internal scintillation light is larger than the critical angle. Some of these photons trapped in the scintillator may be absorbed by the scintillator itself and the others are emitted from the edges of the scintillator. This makes the light extraction of plastic scintillators very low. Moreover, only a small portion of the photons emitted from the scintillator easily can be detected by detectors effectively, because the distribution of the emission directions of this portion of photons exhibits approximate Lambertian angular profile following a cosine emission law. Therefore, enhancing the light extraction efficiency and adjusting the emission angular profile become the keys for improving the number of photons detected by the detectors. In recent years, photonic crystal structures have been covered on inorganic scintillators to enhance the light extraction efficiency and adjust the angular profile of scintillation light successfully. However, that, preparation methods of photonic crystals will deteriorate performance of plastic scintillators and even destroy the plastic scintillators, makes the investigation on preparation methods of photonic crystals for plastic scintillators and luminescent properties of plastic scintillators with photonic crystal structures inadequate. Although we have successfully made photonic crystal structures covered on the surface of plastic scintillators by a modified self-assembly technique and achieved a great enhance of light extraction efficiency without evident angular-dependence for the angular profile of scintillation light, the preparation of photonic crystal structures with large area (the diameter is larger than 6cm) and perfect periodic structure is still difficult. In this paper, large area photonic crystals on the surface of scintillators were prepared by nanoimprint lithography firstly, and then a conformal layer with material of high refractive index on the surface of photonic crystal by atomic layer deposition technique in order to enhance the stability of photonic crystal structures and increase the number of leaky modes for improving the light extraction efficiency. The luminescent properties of the plastic scintillator with photonic crystals prepared by the mentioned method are compared with those of the plastic scintillator without photonic crystal. The results indicate that the number of photons detected by detectors is increased by the enhanced light extraction efficiency and the angular profile of scintillation light exhibits evident angular-dependence for the scintillator with photonic crystals. The mentioned preparation of photonic crystals is beneficial to scintillation detection applications and lays an important technique foundation for the plastic scintillators to meet special requirements under different application backgrounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angular%20profile" title="angular profile">angular profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20layer%20deposition" title=" atomic layer deposition"> atomic layer deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20extraction%20efficiency" title=" light extraction efficiency"> light extraction efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillator" title=" plastic scintillator"> plastic scintillator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic%20crystal" title=" photonic crystal"> photonic crystal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87289/luminescent-properties-of-plastic-scintillator-with-large-area-photonic-crystal-prepared-by-a-combination-of-nanoimprint-lithography-and-atomic-layer-deposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1014</span> Jagiellonian-PET: A Novel TOF-PET Detector Based on Plastic Scintillators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Moskal">P. Moskal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Bednarski"> T. Bednarski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Bialas"> P. Bialas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Czerwinski"> E. Czerwinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gajos"> A. Gajos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gruntowski"> A. Gruntowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Kaminska"> D. Kaminska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Kaplon"> L. Kaplon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Korcyl"> G. Korcyl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Kowalski"> P. Kowalski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kozik"> T. Kozik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Krzemien"> W. Krzemien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kubicz"> E. Kubicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sz.%20Niedzwiecki"> Sz. Niedzwiecki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Palka"> M. Palka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Raczynski"> L. Raczynski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Rudy"> Z. Rudy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Salabura"> P. Salabura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20G.%20Sharma"> N. G. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Silarski"> M. Silarski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Slomski"> A. Slomski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Smyrski"> J. Smyrski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Strzelecki"> A. Strzelecki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Wieczorek"> A. Wieczorek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Wislicki"> W. Wislicki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zielinski"> M. Zielinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Zon"> N. Zon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new concept and results of the performance tests of the TOF-PET detection system developed at the Jagiellonian University will be presented. The novelty of the concept lies in employing long strips of polymer scintillators instead of crystals as detectors of annihilation quanta, and in using predominantly the timing of signals instead of their amplitudes for the reconstruction of Lines-of-Response. The diagnostic chamber consists of plastic scintillator strips readout by pairs of photo multipliers arranged axially around a cylindrical surface. To take advantage of the superior timing properties of plastic scintillators the signals are probed in the voltage domain with the accuracy of 20 ps by a newly developed electronics, and the data are collected by the novel trigger-less and reconfigurable data acquisition system. The hit-position and hit-time are reconstructed by the dedicated reconstruction methods based on the compressing sensing theory and the library of synchronized model signals. The solutions are subject to twelve patent applications. So far a time-of-flight resolution of ~120 ps (sigma) was achieved for a double-strip prototype with 30 cm field-of-view (FOV). It is by more than a factor of two better than TOF resolution achievable in current TOF-PET modalities and at the same time the FOV of 30 cm long prototype is significantly larger with respect to typical commercial PET devices. The Jagiellonian PET (J-PET) detector with plastic scintillators arranged axially possesses also another advantage. Its diagnostic chamber is free of any electronic devices and magnetic materials thus giving unique possibilities of combining J-PET with CT and J-PET with MRI for scanning the same part of a patient at the same time with both methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET-CT" title="PET-CT">PET-CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET-MRI" title=" PET-MRI"> PET-MRI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOF-PET" title=" TOF-PET"> TOF-PET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scintillator" title=" scintillator"> scintillator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28952/jagiellonian-pet-a-novel-tof-pet-detector-based-on-plastic-scintillators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1013</span> Ab initio Simulation of Y2O3 -Doped Cerium Using Heyd鈥揝cuseria鈥揈rnzerhof HSE Hybrid Functional and DFT+U Approaches</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Taibeche">M. Taibeche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Guerbous"> L. Guerbous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kechouane"> M. Kechouane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Nedjar"> R. Nedjar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Zergoug"> T. Zergoug</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is known that Y2O3 Material is the most important among the sesquioxides within the general class of refractory ceramics. Indeed, this compound has many applications such as sintering optical windows, components for rare-earth doped lasers as well as inorganic scintillators in the detection scintillation. In particular Eu2+ and Ce3+ are favored dopants in many the scintillators due to its allowed optical 5d-4f transition. In this work, we present new results concerning structural and electronic properties of Ce-doped Y2O3, investigated by density functional theory (DFT), using the Heyd鈥揝cuseria鈥揈rnzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional and DFT+U two approaches. When, we compared the results from the two methods we obtain a good agreement available experimental data. Furthermore, the effect of cerium on the material has also been studied and discussed in the same framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vienne%20ab%20initio%20simulation%20packages" title=" vienne ab initio simulation packages"> vienne ab initio simulation packages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scintillators" title=" scintillators"> scintillators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heyd%E2%80%93Scuseria%E2%80%93Ernzerhof%20%28HSE%29%20hybrid%20functional" title=" Heyd鈥揝cuseria鈥揈rnzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional"> Heyd鈥揝cuseria鈥揈rnzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16526/ab-initio-simulation-of-y2o3-doped-cerium-using-heyd-scuseria-ernzerhof-hse-hybrid-functional-and-dftu-approaches" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1012</span> A Criterion for Evaluating Plastic Loads: Plastic Work-Tangent Criterion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Zhang">Ying Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, the plastic load is defined by applying the twice elastic slope (TES) criterion of plastic collapse to a characteristic load-deformation curve for the vessel. Several other plastic criterion such as tangent intersection (TI) criterion, plastic work (PW) criterion have been proposed in the literature, but all exhibit a practical limitation: difficult to define the load parameter for vessels subject to several combined loads. An alternative criterion: plastic work-tangent (PWT) criterion for evaluating plastic load in pressure vessel design by analysis is presented in this paper. According to the plastic work-load curve, when the tangent variation is less than a given value in the plastic phase, the corresponding load is the plastic load. Application of the proposed criterion is illustrated by considering the elastic-plastic response of the lower head of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) and nozzle intersection of (RPV). It is proposed that this is because the PWT criterion more fully represents the constraining effect of material strain hardening on the spread of plastic deformation and more efficiently ton evaluating the plastic load. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20load" title="plastic load">plastic load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20work" title=" plastic work"> plastic work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20hardening" title=" strain hardening"> strain hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20work-tangent%20criterion" title=" plastic work-tangent criterion"> plastic work-tangent criterion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59204/a-criterion-for-evaluating-plastic-loads-plastic-work-tangent-criterion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1011</span> Algorithms of ABS-Plastic Extrusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitrii%20Starikov">Dmitrii Starikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evgeny%20Rybakov"> Evgeny Rybakov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20Zhuravlev"> Denis Zhuravlev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plastic for 3D printing is very necessary material part for printers. But plastic production is technological process, which implies application of different control algorithms. Possible algorithms of providing set diameter of plastic fiber are proposed and described in the article. Results of research were proved by existing unit of filament production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABS-plastic" title="ABS-plastic">ABS-plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title=" automation"> automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20system" title=" control system"> control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extruder" title=" extruder"> extruder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filament" title=" filament"> filament</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PID-algorithm" title=" PID-algorithm"> PID-algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17456/algorithms-of-abs-plastic-extrusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1010</span> Experimental Investigation of Bituminous Roads with Waste Plastic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arjita%20Biswas">Arjita Biswas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20Potnis"> Sandeep Potnis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plastic roads (bituminous roads using waste plastic in the wearing course ) have now become familiar in the Road Construction Sector in India. With the Indian Road Congress Code (IRC SP: 98 -2013), many agencies are coming forward to implement Plastic Roads in India. This paper discuss and compare about the various properties of bituminous mix with 8% waste plastic and normal bituminous mix. This paper also signifies the performance of both the types of roads after 4 months of age under loading conditions. Experiments were carried out to evaluate its performance. The result shows improved performance of plastic roads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bituminous%20roads" title="bituminous roads">bituminous roads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiments" title=" experiments"> experiments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20roads" title=" plastic roads"> plastic roads</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86281/experimental-investigation-of-bituminous-roads-with-waste-plastic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1009</span> Complex Rigid-Plastic Deformation Model of Tow Degree of Freedom Mechanical System under Impulsive Force</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelouaheb%20Rouabhi">Abdelouaheb Rouabhi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the plastic resource of structures, the elastic-plastic single degree of freedom model described by Prandtl diagram is widely used. The generalization of this model to tow degree of freedom beyond the scope of a simple rigid-plastic system allows investigating the plastic resource of structures under complex disproportionate by individual components of deformation (earthquake). This macro-model greatly increases the accuracy of the calculations carried out. At the same time, the implementation of the proposed macro-model calculations easier than the detailed dynamic elastic-plastic calculations existing software systems such as ANSYS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic-plastic" title="elastic-plastic">elastic-plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20degree%20of%20freedom%20model" title=" single degree of freedom model"> single degree of freedom model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rigid-plastic%20system" title=" rigid-plastic system"> rigid-plastic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20resource" title=" plastic resource"> plastic resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20plastic%20deformation" title=" complex plastic deformation"> complex plastic deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macro-model" title=" macro-model"> macro-model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11998/complex-rigid-plastic-deformation-model-of-tow-degree-of-freedom-mechanical-system-under-impulsive-force" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1008</span> Reconstruction of Signal in Plastic Scintillator of PET Using Tikhonov Regularization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Raczynski">L. Raczynski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Moskal"> P. Moskal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Kowalski"> P. Kowalski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Wislicki"> W. Wislicki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Bednarski"> T. Bednarski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Bialas"> P. Bialas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Czerwinski"> E. Czerwinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gajos"> A. Gajos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Kaplon"> L. Kaplon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kochanowski"> A. Kochanowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Korcyl"> G. Korcyl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kowal"> J. Kowal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kozik"> T. Kozik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Krzemien"> W. Krzemien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Kubicz"> E. Kubicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sz.%20Niedzwiecki"> Sz. Niedzwiecki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Palka"> M. Palka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Rudy"> Z. Rudy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Rundel"> O. Rundel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Salabura"> P. Salabura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.G.%20Sharma"> N.G. Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Silarski"> M. Silarski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Slomski"> A. Slomski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Smyrski"> J. Smyrski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Strzelecki"> A. Strzelecki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Wieczorek"> A. Wieczorek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zielinski"> M. Zielinski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Zon"> N. Zon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The J-PET scanner, which allows for single bed imaging of the whole human body, is currently under development at the Jagiellonian University. The J-PET detector improves the TOF resolution due to the use of fast plastic scintillators. Since registration of the waveform of signals with duration times of few nanoseconds is not feasible, a novel front-end electronics allowing for sampling in a voltage domain at four thresholds was developed. To take fully advantage of these fast signals a novel scheme of recovery of the waveform of the signal, based on ideas from the Tikhonov regularization (TR) and Compressive Sensing methods, is presented. The prior distribution of sparse representation is evaluated based on the linear transformation of the training set of waveform of the signals by using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) decomposition. Beside the advantage of including the additional information from training signals, a further benefit of the TR approach is that the problem of signal recovery has an optimal solution which can be determined explicitly. Moreover, from the Bayes theory the properties of regularized solution, especially its covariance matrix, may be easily derived. This step is crucial to introduce and prove the formula for calculations of the signal recovery error. It has been proven that an average recovery error is approximately inversely proportional to the number of samples at voltage levels. The method is tested using signals registered by means of the single detection module of the J-PET detector built out from the 30 cm long BC-420 plastic scintillator strip. It is demonstrated that the experimental and theoretical functions describing the recovery errors in the J-PET scenario are largely consistent. The specificity and limitations of the signal recovery method in this application are discussed. It is shown that the PCA basis offers high level of information compression and an accurate recovery with just eight samples, from four voltage levels, for each signal waveform. Moreover, it is demonstrated that using the recovered waveform of the signals, instead of samples at four voltage levels alone, improves the spatial resolution of the hit position reconstruction. The experiment shows that spatial resolution evaluated based on information from four voltage levels, without a recovery of the waveform of the signal, is equal to 1.05 cm. After the application of an information from four voltage levels to the recovery of the signal waveform, the spatial resolution is improved to 0.94 cm. Moreover, the obtained result is only slightly worse than the one evaluated using the original raw-signal. The spatial resolution calculated under these conditions is equal to 0.93 cm. It is very important information since, limiting the number of threshold levels in the electronic devices to four, leads to significant reduction of the overall cost of the scanner. The developed recovery scheme is general and may be incorporated in any other investigation where a prior knowledge about the signals of interest may be utilized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators" title="plastic scintillators">plastic scintillators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positron%20emission%20tomography" title=" positron emission tomography"> positron emission tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20analysis" title=" statistical analysis"> statistical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tikhonov%20regularization" title=" tikhonov regularization "> tikhonov regularization </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29765/reconstruction-of-signal-in-plastic-scintillator-of-pet-using-tikhonov-regularization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29765.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1007</span> Levels of Plastic Waste and Fish Landed By Beach Seine Fishers in Coastal Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Gbogbo">Francis Gbogbo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelica%20Ama%20Essandoh"> Angelica Ama Essandoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wendy%20Teresa%20Baffoe"> Wendy Teresa Baffoe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henry%20Groos"> Henry Groos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Mario%20Boateng"> Charles Mario Boateng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Robert%20Blankson"> Emmanuel Robert Blankson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Baseline data on plastic landing by fishers and monitoring of this is important in evaluating the success of plastic waste management efforts. This study investigated plastic and fish landed by beach seine fishers in Ghana, together with the rate of plastic deposition on an adjoining beach. Plastic constituted 31.6% of the total catch, and 41.7% of the fish landed by weight. There were significant differences between the average weight of fish (139.58卤53.6kg) and plastic (65.73卤14.6kg) landed per fishing session and the catch per unit effort of fish (183.4卤76.7 kg/day) and plastic (88.4卤35.2 kg/day). The mean weight of plastic landed per fishing session was higher than the mean weight of each of the 26 species of fisheries. The rate of plastic deposition on the beach was 8.1卤2.5 plastic items per m2 per tidal cycle or 0.35卤0.11kg plastic per m2 per tidal cycle, with food packs and tableware dominating the deposited plastic. The results suggested that ongoing water sachets and plastic bottle recycling in Ghana are yielding results and calls for targeted efforts in plastic food packs and tableware management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fishig" title="fishig">fishig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landing" title=" landing"> landing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20waste" title=" plastic waste"> plastic waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intertidal%20area" title=" intertidal area"> intertidal area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fishing%20effort" title=" fishing effort"> fishing effort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181875/levels-of-plastic-waste-and-fish-landed-by-beach-seine-fishers-in-coastal-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1006</span> Influence of Plastic Waste Reinforcement on Compaction and Consolidation Behavior of Silty Soil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Meftahi">Maryam Meftahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yashar%20Hamidzadeh"> Yashar Hamidzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent decades, the amount of solid waste production has been rising. In the meantime, plastic waste is one of the major parts of urban solid waste, so, recycling plastic waste from water bottles has become a serious challenge in the whole world. The experimental program includes the study of the effect of waste plastic fibers on maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC) with different sizes and contents. Also, one dimensional consolidation tests were carried out to evaluate the benefit of utilizing randomly distributed waste plastics fiber to improve the engineering behavior of a tested soils. Silty soil specimens were prepared and tested at five different percentages of plastic waste content (i.e. 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1% and 1.25% by weight of the parent soil). The size of plastic chips used, are 4 mm, 8 mm and 12 mm long and 4 mm in width. The results show that with the addition of waste plastic fibers, the MDD and OMC and also the compressibility of soil decrease significantly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silty%20soil" title="silty soil">silty soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20plastic" title=" waste plastic"> waste plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compaction" title=" compaction"> compaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consolidation" title=" consolidation"> consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforcement" title=" reinforcement"> reinforcement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108863/influence-of-plastic-waste-reinforcement-on-compaction-and-consolidation-behavior-of-silty-soil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1005</span> Design Consideration of a Plastic Shredder in Recycling Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tolulope%20A.%20Olukunle">Tolulope A. Olukunle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plastic waste management has emerged as one of the greatest challenges facing developing countries. This paper describes the design of various components of a plastic shredder. This machine is widely used in industries and recycling plants. The introduction of plastic shredder machine will promote reduction of post-consumer plastic waste accumulation and serves as a system for wealth creation and empowerment through conversion of waste into economically viable products. In this design research, a 10 kW electric motor with a rotational speed of 500 rpm was chosen to drive the shredder. A pulley size of 400 mm is mounted on the electric motor at a distance of 1000 mm away from the shredder pulley. The shredder rotational speed is 300 rpm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design" title="design">design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine" title=" machine"> machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20waste" title=" plastic waste"> plastic waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53521/design-consideration-of-a-plastic-shredder-in-recycling-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1004</span> Plastic Degradation Activity of Bacillus Sp. Isolated from the Gut of Plastic-Fed Yellow Mealworm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najat%20El-Kurdi">Najat El-Kurdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherif%20Hammad"> Sherif Hammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ghazi"> Mohamed Ghazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20El-Shatoury"> Sahar El-Shatoury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Zakaria"> Khaled Zakaria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increasing number of plastic production and its importance to humanity in daily life made it a headache to the planet earth. The persistence of plastic wastes in the environment formed a serious problem. They are prominent with their capability to resist microbial degradation for decades. Thus, it was crucial to find ways to eliminate the plastics without depending on conventional recycling methods, which causes the formation of more hazardous compounds and doubles the problem. In this paper, mealworms were fed with a mixture of plastic wastes such as plastic bags, Styrofoam, PE foam, and plastic tarpaulins film as the sole food source for a month. Frass was collected at the end of the test and examined using FTIR analysis. Also, the gut bacteria were isolated and identified using 16S rRNA. The results show the mineralization of plastic in the frass of plastic-fed worms when compared to control. The 16S rRNA and the BLAST analysis showed that the obtained isolate belongs to the genus Bacillus Sp especially Bacillus subtilis. Phylogenetic analysis showed their relatedness to the other Bacillus species in the NCBI database. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mealworm" title="mealworm">mealworm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic-degrading%20bacteria" title=" plastic-degrading bacteria"> plastic-degrading bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gut%20microbiome" title=" gut microbiome"> gut microbiome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20sp" title=" Bacillus sp"> Bacillus sp</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146184/plastic-degradation-activity-of-bacillus-sp-isolated-from-the-gut-of-plastic-fed-yellow-mealworm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1003</span> Experimental Assessment of Polypropylene Plastic Aggregates(PPA) for Pavement Construction: Their Mechanical Properties via Marshall Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samiullah%20Bhatti">Samiullah Bhatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safdar%20Abbas%20Zaidi"> Safdar Abbas Zaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Murtaza%20Ali%20Jafri"> Syed Murtaza Ali Jafri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper presents the results of using plastic aggregate in flexible pavement. Plastic aggregates have been prepared with polypropylene (PP) recycled products and have been tested with Marshall apparatus. Grade 60/70 bitumen has been chosen for this research with a total content of 2.5 %, 3 % and 3.5 %. Plastic aggregates are mixed with natural aggregates with different proportions and it ranges from 10 % to 100 % with an increment of 10 %. Therefore, a total of 10 Marshall cakes were prepared with plastic aggregates in addition to a standard pavement sample. In total 33 samples have been tested for Marshall stability, flow and voids in mineral aggregates. The results show an increase in the value when it changes from 2.5 % bitumen to 3 % and after then it goes again toward declination. Thus, 3 % bitumen content has been found as the most optimum value for flexible pavements. Among all the samples, 20 % PP aggregates sample has been found satisfactory with respect to all the standards provided by ASTM. Therefore, it is suggested to use 20 plastic aggregates in flexible pavement construction. A comparison of bearing capacity and skid resistance is also observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marshall%20test" title="marshall test">marshall test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene%20plastic" title=" polypropylene plastic"> polypropylene plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20aggregates" title=" plastic aggregates"> plastic aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20pavement%20alternative" title=" flexible pavement alternative"> flexible pavement alternative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling%20of%20plastic%20waste" title=" recycling of plastic waste"> recycling of plastic waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148528/experimental-assessment-of-polypropylene-plastic-aggregatesppa-for-pavement-construction-their-mechanical-properties-via-marshall-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1002</span> Continuous Manufacturing of Ultra Fine Grained Materials by Severe Plastic Deformation Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asl%C4%B1%20G%C3%BCnay%20Bulutsuz">Asl谋 G眉nay Bulutsuz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Emin%20Yurci"> Mehmet Emin Yurci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Severe plastic deformation techniques are top-down deformation methods which enable superior mechanical properties by decreasing grain size. Different kind severe plastic deformation methods have been widely being used at various process temperature and geometries. Besides manufacturing advantages of severe plastic deformation technique, most of the types are being used only at the laboratory level. They cannot be adapted to industrial usage due to their continuous manufacturability and manufacturing costs. In order to enhance these manufacturing difficulties and enable widespread usage, different kinds of methods have been developed. In this review, a comprehensive literature research was fulfilled in order to highlight continuous severe plastic deformation methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20manufacturing" title="continuous manufacturing">continuous manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20plastic%20deformation" title=" severe plastic deformation"> severe plastic deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrafine%20grains" title=" ultrafine grains"> ultrafine grains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain%20size%20refinement" title=" grain size refinement"> grain size refinement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73489/continuous-manufacturing-of-ultra-fine-grained-materials-by-severe-plastic-deformation-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1001</span> PLA Plastic as Biodegradable Material for 3D Printers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juraj%20Beniak">Juraj Beniak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%BDubom%C3%ADr%20%C5%A0oo%C5%A1"> 慕ubom铆r 艩oo拧</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Kri%C5%BEan"> Peter Kri啪an</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milo%C5%A1%20Mat%C3%BA%C5%A1"> Milo拧 Mat煤拧</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Within Rapid Prototyping technologies are used many types of materials. Many of them are recyclable but there are still as plastic like, so practically they do not degrade in the landfill. Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the special plastic materials which are biodegradable and also available for 3D printing within Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technology. The question is, if the mechanical properties of produced models are comparable to similar technical plastic materials which are usual for prototype production. Presented paper shows the experiments results for tensile strength measurements for specimens prepared with different 3D printer settings and model orientation. Paper contains also the comparison of tensile strength values with values measured on specimens produced by conventional technologies as injection moulding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradable%20plastic" title=" biodegradable plastic"> biodegradable plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20deposition%20modeling" title=" fused deposition modeling"> fused deposition modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLA%20plastic" title=" PLA plastic"> PLA plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapid%20prototyping" title=" rapid prototyping"> rapid prototyping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37301/pla-plastic-as-biodegradable-material-for-3d-printers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1000</span> Plastic Pipe Defect Detection Using Nonlinear Acoustic Modulation </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gigih%20Priyandoko">Gigih Priyandoko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Fairusham%20Ghazali"> Mohd Fairusham Ghazali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Siew%20Fun"> Tan Siew Fun </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses about the defect detection of plastic pipe by using nonlinear acoustic wave modulation method. It is a sensitive method for damage detection and it is based on the propagation of high frequency acoustic waves in plastic pipe with low frequency excitation. The plastic pipe is excited simultaneously with a slow amplitude modulated vibration pumping wave and a constant amplitude probing wave. The frequency of both the excitation signals coincides with the resonances of the plastic pipe. A PVP pipe is used as the specimen as it is commonly used for the conveyance of liquid in many fields. The results obtained are being observed and the difference between uncracked specimen and cracked specimen can be distinguished clearly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20pipe" title="plastic pipe">plastic pipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=defect%20detection" title=" defect detection"> defect detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20acoustic%20modulation" title=" nonlinear acoustic modulation"> nonlinear acoustic modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excitation" title=" excitation"> excitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16837/plastic-pipe-defect-detection-using-nonlinear-acoustic-modulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">999</span> Impacts of Low-Density Polyethylene (Plastic Shopping Bags) on Structural Strength and Permeability of Hot-Mix-Asphalt Pavements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chayanon%20Boonyuid">Chayanon Boonyuid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper experiments the effects of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) on the structural strength and permeability of hot-mix-asphalt (HMA) pavements. Different proportions of bitumen (4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5% and 6% of total aggregates) and plastic (5%, 10% and 15% of bitumen) contents in HMA mixtures were investigated to estimate the optimum mixture of bitumen and plastic in HMA pavement with long-term performance. Marshall Tests and Falling Head Tests were performed to experiment the structure strength and permeability of HMA mixtures with different percentages of plastic materials and bitumen. The laboratory results show that the optimum binder content was 5.5% by weight of aggregates with higher contents of plastic materials, increase structural stability, reduce permanent deformation, increase ductility, and improve fatigue life of HMA pavements. The use of recycled plastic shopping bags can reduce the use of bitumen content by 0.5% - 1% in HMA mixtures resulting in cheaper material costs with better long-term performance. The plastic materials increase the impermeability of HMA pavements. This study has two-fold contributions: optimum contents of both bitumen and plastic materials in HMA mixtures and the impacts of plastic materials on the permeability of HMA pavements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20bags" title="plastic bags">plastic bags</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitumen" title=" bitumen"> bitumen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20strength" title=" structural strength"> structural strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability" title=" permeability"> permeability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115964/impacts-of-low-density-polyethylene-plastic-shopping-bags-on-structural-strength-and-permeability-of-hot-mix-asphalt-pavements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">998</span> Stabilization of Fly Ash Slope Using Plastic Recycled Polymer and Finite Element Analysis Using Plaxis 3D</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tushar%20Vasant%20Salunkhe">Tushar Vasant Salunkhe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sariput%20M.%20Nawghare"> Sariput M. Nawghare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maheboobsab%20B.%20Nadaf"> Maheboobsab B. Nadaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sushovan%20Dutta"> Sushovan Dutta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20N.%20Mandal"> J. N. Mandal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The model tests were conducted in the laboratory without and with plastic recycled polymer in fly ash steep slopes overlaying soft foundation soils like fly ash and power soil in order to check the stability of steep slope. In this experiment, fly ash is used as a filling material, and Plastic Recycled Polymers of diameter = 3mm and length = 4mm were made from the waste plastic product (lower grade plastic product). The properties of fly ash and plastic recycled polymers are determined. From the experiments, load and settlement have measured. From these data, load鈥搒ettlement curves have been reported. It has been observed from test results that the load carrying capacity of mixture fly ash with Plastic Recycled Polymers slope is more than that of fly ash slope. The deformation of Plastic Recycled Polymers slope is slightly more than that of fly ash slope. A Finite Element Method (F.E.M.) was also evaluated using PLAXIS 3D version. The failure pattern, deformations and factor of safety are reported based on analytical programme. The results from experimental data and analytical programme are compared and reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20of%20safety" title="factor of safety">factor of safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method%20%28FEM%29" title=" finite element method (FEM)"> finite element method (FEM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title=" fly ash"> fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20recycled%20polymer" title=" plastic recycled polymer"> plastic recycled polymer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23379/stabilization-of-fly-ash-slope-using-plastic-recycled-polymer-and-finite-element-analysis-using-plaxis-3d" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">997</span> Recycled Plastic Fibers for Minimizing Plastic Shrinkage Cracking of Cement Based Mortar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Al-Tulaian">B. S. Al-Tulaian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Al-Shannag"> M. J. Al-Shannag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Al-Hozaimy"> A. M. Al-Hozaimy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of new construction materials using recycled plastic is important to both the construction and the plastic recycling industries. Manufacturing of fibers from industrial or post-consumer plastic waste is an attractive approach with such benefits as concrete performance enhancement, and reduced needs for land filling. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of plastic fibers obtained locally from recycled waste on plastic shrinkage cracking of ordinary cement based mortar. Parameters investigated include: Fiber length ranging from 20 to 50 mm, and fiber volume fraction ranging from 0% to 1.5% by volume. The test results showed significant improvement in crack arresting mechanism and substantial reduction in the surface area of cracks for the mortar reinforced with recycled plastic fibers compared to plain mortar. Furthermore, test results indicated that there was a slight decrease in compressive strength of mortar reinforced with different lengths and contents of recycled fibers compared to plain mortar. This study suggests that adding more than 1% of RP fibers to mortar, can be used effectively for controlling plastic shrinkage cracking of cement based mortar, and thus results in waste reduction and resources conservation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortar" title="mortar">mortar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic" title=" plastic"> plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinkage%20cracking" title=" shrinkage cracking"> shrinkage cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20recycled%20fibers" title=" RF recycled fibers"> RF recycled fibers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2520/recycled-plastic-fibers-for-minimizing-plastic-shrinkage-cracking-of-cement-based-mortar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">996</span> Preparation of Water Hyacinth and Oil Palm Fiber for Plastic Waste Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pattamaphorn%20Phuangngamphan">Pattamaphorn Phuangngamphan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rewadee%20Anuwattana"> Rewadee Anuwattana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narumon%20Soparatana"> Narumon Soparatana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nestchanok%20Yongpraderm"> Nestchanok Yongpraderm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atiporn%20Jinpayoon"> Atiporn Jinpayoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supinya%20Sutthima"> Supinya Sutthima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saroj%20Klangkongsub"> Saroj Klangkongsub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Worapong%20Pattayawan"> Worapong Pattayawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to utilize the agricultural waste and plastic waste in Thailand in a study of the optimum conditions for preparing composite materials from water hyacinth and oil palm fiber and plastic waste in landfills. The water hyacinth and oil palm fiber were prepared by alkaline treatment with NaOH (5, 15 wt%) at 25-60 掳C for 1 h. The treated fiber (5 and 10 phr) was applied to plastic waste composite. The composite was prepared by using a screw extrusion process from 185 掳C to 200 掳C with a screw speed of 60 rpm. The result confirmed that alkaline treatment can remove lignin, hemicellulose and other impurities on the fiber surface and also increase the cellulose content. The optimum condition of composite material is 10 phr of fiber coupling with 3 wt% PE-g-MA as compatibilizer. The composite of plastic waste and oil palm fiber has good adhesion between fiber and plastic matrix. The PE-g-MA has improved fiber-plastic interaction. The results suggested that the composite material from plastic waste and agricultural waste has the potential to be used as value-added products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20waste" title="agricultural waste">agricultural waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20utilization" title=" waste utilization"> waste utilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomaterials" title=" biomaterials"> biomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulose%20fiber" title=" cellulose fiber"> cellulose fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20material" title=" composite material"> composite material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141733/preparation-of-water-hyacinth-and-oil-palm-fiber-for-plastic-waste-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">995</span> Recycled Plastic Fibers for Controlling the Plastic Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Al-Tulaian">B. S. Al-Tulaian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Al-Shannag"> M. J. Al-Shannag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Al-Hozaimy"> A. M. Al-Hozaimy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Manufacturing of fibers from industrial or postconsumer plastic waste is an attractive approach with such benefits as concrete performance enhancement, and reduced needs for land filling. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of Plastic fibers obtained locally from recycled waste on plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete. The results indicate that recycled plastic RP fiber of 50 mm length is capable of controlling plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete to some extent, but are not as effective as polypropylene PP fibers when added at the same volume fraction. Furthermore, test results indicated that there was The increase in flexural strength of RP fibers and PP fibers concrete were 12.34% and 40.30%, respectively in comparison to plain concrete. RP fiber showed a substantial increase in toughness and a slight decrease in flexural strength of concrete at a fiber volume fraction of 1.00% compared to PP fibers at fiber volume fraction of 0.50%. RP fibers caused a significant increase in compressive strengths up to 13.02% compared to concrete without fiber reinforcement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic" title=" plastic"> plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinkage%20cracking" title=" shrinkage cracking"> shrinkage cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toughness" title=" toughness"> toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20recycled%20fibers" title=" RF recycled fibers"> RF recycled fibers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene%20PP%20fibers" title=" polypropylene PP fibers"> polypropylene PP fibers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20832/recycled-plastic-fibers-for-controlling-the-plastic-shrinkage-cracking-of-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">563</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">994</span> Advanced Nuclear Measurements and Systems for Facilitating the Implementation of Safeguards and Safeguards-By-Design in SMR, AMR and Microreactor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Massimo%20Morichi">Massimo Morichi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the last five years, starting in 2019, several nuclear measurement systems have been conceived and realized for specific nuclear safeguards applications, as well as for nuclear security, implementing some innovative technologies and methods for attended and unattended nuclear measurements. Some of those technologies imply the integration of combined gamma and neutron detection systems both for counting and spectroscopic applications that allow the SNM (Special Nuclear Material) verification and quantification through specific simultaneous measurements (gamma and neutron) from standard to high count rate due to high flux irradiation. IAEA has implemented some of these technologies in key international safeguards inspections worldwide, like a Fast Neutron Collar Monitor for fresh fuel verification of U235 mass (used during inspections for material declaration verification) or for unattended measuring systems with a distinct shift register installed in an anti-tampering sealed housing in unattended mode (remote inspection and continuous monitoring) together with an Unattended Multichannel Analyzer for spectroscopy analysis of SNM like canisters. Such developments, realized with integrated mid-resolution scintillators (FWHM: <3,5%) together with organic scintillators such as Stilbene detectors or Liquid sealed scintillators like EJ-309 with great pulse shape discrimination managed by a fast DAQ and with a high level of system integration, are offering in the near term the possibility to enhance further their implementation, reducing the form factor in order to facilitate their implementation in many critical parts of the Nuclear Fuel Operations as well as of the Next generation of Nuclear Reactors. This will facilitate embedding these advanced technical solutions in the next generation of nuclear installations, assuring the implementation of the Safeguards by Design requested by IAEA for all future/novel nuclear installations. This work presents the most recent designs/systems and provides some clear examples of ongoing applications on the Fuel Cycle-Fuel Fabrication as well as for the SMR/AMR and microreactors. Detailed technology testing and validation in different configuration if provided together with some case-studies and operational implications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20safeguard" title="nuclear safeguard">nuclear safeguard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma%20and%20neutron%20detection%20systems" title=" gamma and neutron detection systems"> gamma and neutron detection systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectroscopy%20analysis" title=" spectroscopy analysis"> spectroscopy analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20fuel%20cycle" title=" nuclear fuel cycle"> nuclear fuel cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20power%20reactors" title=" nuclear power reactors"> nuclear power reactors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decommissioning%20dismantling" title=" decommissioning dismantling"> decommissioning dismantling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20security" title=" nuclear security"> nuclear security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195415/advanced-nuclear-measurements-and-systems-for-facilitating-the-implementation-of-safeguards-and-safeguards-by-design-in-smr-amr-and-microreactor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">0</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">993</span> Hysteresis Behaviour of Mass Concrete Mixed with Plastic Fibre under Compression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Okeola">A. A. Okeola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20I.%20Sijuade"> T. I. Sijuade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unreinforced concrete is a comparatively brittle substance when exposed to tensile stresses, the required tensile strength is provided by the introduction of steel which is used as reinforcement. The strength of concrete may be improved tremendously by the addition of fibre. This study focused on investigating the compressive strength of mass concrete mixed with different percentage of plastic fibre. Twelve samples of concrete cubes with varied percentage of plastic fibre at 7, 14 and 28 days of water submerged curing were tested under compression loading. The result shows that the compressive strength of plastic fibre reinforced concrete increased with rise in curing age. The strength increases for all percentage dosage of fibre used for the concrete. The density of the Plastic Fibre Reinforced Concrete (PFRC) also increases with curing age, which implies that during curing, concrete absorbs water which aids its hydration. The least compressive strength obtained with the introduction of plastic fibre is more than the targeted 20 N/mm<sup>2 </sup>recommended for construction work showing that PFRC can be used where significant loading is expected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing" title=" curing"> curing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20fibre" title=" plastic fibre"> plastic fibre</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49961/hysteresis-behaviour-of-mass-concrete-mixed-with-plastic-fibre-under-compression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">992</span> Morpho-Anatomical Responses of Leaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Grown with Different Colored Plastic Mulch</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edmar%20N.%20Franquera">Edmar N. Franquera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renato%20C.%20Mabesa"> Renato C. Mabesa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rene%20Rafael%20C.%20Espino"> Rene Rafael C. Espino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edralina%20P.%20Serrano"> Edralina P. Serrano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduardo%20P.%20Paningbatan%20Jr."> Eduardo P. Paningbatan Jr.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The potential of growing lettuce with different colored plastic mulch silver (control), red, orange, yellow and green was evaluated using two lettuce varieties, Looseleaf and Romaine. The experiment was laid out on split plot design following the Randomized Complete Block Design. The Looseleaf variety had better performance in terms of plant fresh weight, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, root length, plant height and yield. However, better response was observed in Romaine in terms of leaf diameter, leaf length, root dry weight and root fresh weight. The color of the mulch reflected different qualities of light and hence the quality of absorbed light by the lettuce plants. A higher Far red and red ratio (FR:R) was obtained from green plastic mulch which was followed by the red plastic mulch. The different colored plastic mulch affected the growth and developmental responses of leaf lettuce morphological and leaf anatomical characteristics. Data in all growth morphological and yield parameters showed that those grown with red plastic mulch had better response and had longer stomates than those lettuce grown with the other colored plastic mulch. The soil temperature 10 cm below the plastic mulch was significantly influenced by the color of the mulch. The red plastic mulch had the highest soil temperature recorded while the lowest soil temperature recorded was within the yellow plastic mulch. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anatomical" title="anatomical">anatomical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lettuce" title=" lettuce"> lettuce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morpholological" title=" morpholological"> morpholological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20mulch" title=" plastic mulch"> plastic mulch</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22189/morpho-anatomical-responses-of-leaf-lettuce-lactuca-sativa-l-grown-with-different-colored-plastic-mulch" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">544</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">991</span> Valorization of Clay Material in the Road Sector By Adding Granulated Recycled Plastic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouaaz%20Oum%20Essaad">Ouaaz Oum Essaad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melbouci%20Bachir"> Melbouci Bachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The experimental study conducted has a dual purpose: to valorize the clay material in the road domain and improve the lift of the shape layers by strengthening with plastic waste (in the form of aggregates). To do this, six mixtures of Clay and sand of different percentages were studied: 100% Clay, 95% Clay + 05% Sand, 90% Clay + 10% Sand, 85% Clay + 15% Sand, 80% Clay + 20% Sand, 75% Clay + 25% Sand. Proctor compaction and simple compression tests have been carried out on mixtures (sand + clay + plastic waste). The results obtained show a clear evolution of the characteristics of the Proctor test and the compressive strength of the mixtures according to the different types and percentages of the recycled plastic Plasticity and consistency index are important parameters that play a role in the toughness of plastic soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title="valorization">valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20mixture" title=" soil mixture"> soil mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20tests" title=" mechanical tests"> mechanical tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163504/valorization-of-clay-material-in-the-road-sector-by-adding-granulated-recycled-plastic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">990</span> Review of Research on Waste Plastic Modified Asphalt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Xinze">Song Xinze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cai%20Kejian"> Cai Kejian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To further explore the application of waste plastics in asphalt pavement, this paper begins with the classification and characteristics of waste plastics. It then provides a state-of-the-art review of the preparation methods and processes of waste plastic modifiers, waste plastic-modified asphalt, and waste plastic-modified asphalt mixtures. The paper also analyzes the factors influencing the compatibility between waste plastics and asphalt and summarizes the performance evaluation indicators for waste plastic-modified asphalt and its mixtures. It explores the research approaches and findings of domestic and international scholars and presents examples of waste plastics applications in pavement engineering. The author believes that there is a basic consensus that waste plastics can improve the high-temperature performance of asphalt. The use of cracking processes to solve the storage stability of waste plastic polymer-modified asphalt is the key to promoting its application. Additionally, the author anticipates that future research will concentrate on optimizing the recycling, processing, screening, and preparation of waste plastics, along with developing composite plastic modifiers to improve their compatibility and long-term performance in asphalt pavements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20plastics" title="waste plastics">waste plastics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20pavement" title=" asphalt pavement"> asphalt pavement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20performance" title=" asphalt performance"> asphalt performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20modification" title=" asphalt modification"> asphalt modification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186021/review-of-research-on-waste-plastic-modified-asphalt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">989</span> Analysis of the Plastic Zone Under Mixed Mode Fracture in Bonded Composite Repair of Aircraft </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Oudad">W. Oudad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Fikirini"> H. Fikirini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Boulenouar"> K. Boulenouar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Material fracture by opening (mode I) is not alone responsible for fracture propagation. Many industrial examples show the presence of mode II and mixed mode I + II. In the present work the three-dimensional and non-linear finite element method is used to estimate the performance of the bonded composite repair of metallic aircraft structures by analyzing the plastic zone size ahead of repaired cracks under mixed mode loading. The computations are made according to Von Mises and Tresca criteria. The extension of the plastic zone which takes place at the tip of a crack strictly depends on many variables, such as the yield stress of the material, the loading conditions, the crack size and the thickness of the cracked component, The obtained results show that the presence of the composite patch reduces considerably the size of the plastic zone ahead of the crack. The effects of the composite orientation layup (adhesive properties) and the patch thickness on the plastic zone size ahead of repaired cracks were analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack" title="crack">crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic-plastic" title=" elastic-plastic"> elastic-plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%20integral" title=" J integral"> J integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patch" title=" patch"> patch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20zone" title=" plastic zone"> plastic zone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30283/analysis-of-the-plastic-zone-under-mixed-mode-fracture-in-bonded-composite-repair-of-aircraft" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">988</span> From Waste to Wealth: A Future Paradigm for Plastic Management Using Blockchain Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jim%20Shi">Jim Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasmine%20Chang"> Jasmine Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesreen%20El-Rayes"> Nesreen El-Rayes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The world has been experiencing a steadily increasing trend in both the production and consumption of plastic. The global consumer revolution should not have been possible without plastic, thanks to its salient feature of inexpensiveness and durability. But, as a two-edged sword, its durable quality has returned to haunt and even jeopardized us. That exacerbating the plastic crisis has attracted various global initiatives and actions. Simultaneously, firms are eager to adopt new technology as they witness and perceive more potential and merit of Industry 4.0 technologies. For example, Blockchain technology (BCT) is drawing the attention of numerous stakeholders because of its wide range of outstanding features that promise to enhance supply chain operations. However, from a research perspective, most of the literature addresses the plastic crisis from either environmental or social perspectives. In contrast, analysis from the data science perspective and technology is relatively scarce. To this end, this study aims to fill this gap and cover the plastic crisis from a holistic view of environmental, social, technological, and business perspectives. In particular, we propose a mathematical model to examine the inclusion of BCT to enhance and improve the efficiency on the upstream and the downstream sides of the plastic value, where the whole value chain is coordinated systematically, and its interoperability can be optimized. Consequently, the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) goal and Circular Economics (CE) sustainability can be maximized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain%20technology" title="blockchain technology">blockchain technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic" title=" plastic"> plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title=" circular economy"> circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164772/from-waste-to-wealth-a-future-paradigm-for-plastic-management-using-blockchain-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164772.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">987</span> Testing Plastic-Sand Construction Blocks Made from Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (rPET)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cassi%20Henderson">Cassi Henderson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucia%20Corsini"> Lucia Corsini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiv%20Kapila"> Shiv Kapila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egle%20Augustaityte"> Egle Augustaityte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsemaye%20Uwejamomere%20Zinzan%20Gurney"> Tsemaye Uwejamomere Zinzan Gurney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleyna%20Yildirim"> Aleyna Yildirim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plastic pollution is a major threat to human and planetary health. In Low- and Middle-Income Countries, plastic waste poses a major problem for marginalized populations who lack access to formal waste management systems. This study explores the potential for converting waste plastic into construction blocks. It is the first study to analyze the use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a binder in plastic-sand bricks. Unlike previous studies of plastic sand-bricks, this research tests the properties of bricks that were made using a low-cost kiln technology that was co-designed with a rural, coastal community in Kenya.聽 The mechanical strength, resistance to fire and water absorption properties of the bricks are tested in this study. The findings show that the bricks meet structural standards for mechanical performance, fire resistance and water absorption. It was found that 30:70 PET to sand demonstrated the best overall performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title="recycling">recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PET" title=" PET"> PET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic" title=" plastic"> plastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20construction" title=" sustainable construction"> sustainable construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144286/testing-plastic-sand-construction-blocks-made-from-recycled-polyethylene-terephthalate-rpet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144286.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">986</span> Sustainable Development of Medium Strength Concrete Using Polypropylene as Aggregate Replacement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Keihani">Reza Keihani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Bahadori-Jahromi"> Ali Bahadori-Jahromi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timothy%20James%20Clacy"> Timothy James Clacy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plastic as an environmental burden is a well-rehearsed topic in the research area. This is due to its global demand and destructive impacts on the environment, which has been a significant concern to the governments. Typically, the use of plastic in the construction industry is seen across low-density, non-structural applications due to its diverse range of benefits including high strength-to-weight ratios, manipulability and durability. It can be said that with the level of plastic consumption experienced in the construction industry, an ongoing responsibility is shown for this sector to continually innovate alternatives for application of recycled plastic waste such as using plastic made replacement from polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl and polypropylene in the concrete mix design. In this study, the impact of partially replaced fine aggregate with polypropylene in the concrete mix design was investigated to evaluate the concrete’s compressive strength by conducting an experimental work which comprises of six concrete mix batches with polypropylene replacements ranging from 0.5 to 3.0%. The results demonstrated a typical decline in the compressive strength with the addition of plastic aggregate, despite this reduction generally mitigated as the level of plastic in the concrete mix increased. Furthermore, two of the six plastic-containing concrete mixes tested in the current study exceeded the ST5 standardised prescribed concrete mix compressive strength requirement at 28-days containing 1.50% and 2.50% plastic aggregates, which demonstrated the potential for use of recycled polypropylene in structural applications, as a partial by mass, fine aggregate replacement in the concrete mix. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polypropylene" title=" polypropylene"> polypropylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108936/sustainable-development-of-medium-strength-concrete-using-polypropylene-as-aggregate-replacement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=33">33</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=34">34</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20scintillators&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th 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