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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Example_1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Example_1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Example 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Example_1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Example_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Example_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Example 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Example_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Percent_sign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Percent_sign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Percent sign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Percent_sign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calculations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calculations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Calculations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Calculations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variants_of_the_percentage_calculation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variants_of_the_percentage_calculation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Variants of the percentage calculation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variants_of_the_percentage_calculation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Percentage_increase_and_decrease" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Percentage_increase_and_decrease"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Percentage increase and decrease</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Percentage_increase_and_decrease-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compounding_percentages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compounding_percentages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Compounding percentages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compounding_percentages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Word_and_symbol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Word_and_symbol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Word and symbol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Word_and_symbol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Related units</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Practical_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Practical_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Practical applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Practical_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Percentage</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 95 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persentasie" title="Persentasie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Persentasie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="نسبة مئوية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نسبة مئوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcentaxe" title="Porcentaxe – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Porcentaxe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faiz" title="Faiz – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Faiz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="فاییز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فاییز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="শতকরা হার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শতকরা হার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pah-hun-p%C3%AD" title="Pah-hun-pí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pah-hun-pí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Процент – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Процент" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Працэнт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Працэнт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Адсотак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Адсотак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Процент – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Процент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postotak" title="Postotak – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Postotak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentatge" title="Percentatge – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Percentatge" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Процент – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Процент" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procento" title="Procento – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Procento" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canran" title="Canran – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Canran" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procent" title="Procent – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Procent" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prozent" title="Prozent – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prozent" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protsent" title="Protsent – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Protsent" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Εκατοστιαίο ποσοστό – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εκατοστιαίο ποσοστό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcentaje" title="Porcentaje – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Porcentaje" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procento" title="Procento – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Procento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehuneko" title="Ehuneko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ehuneko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF" title="درصد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درصد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pourcentage" title="Pourcentage – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pourcentage" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcentaxe" title="Porcentaxe – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Porcentaxe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E7%8E%87" title="百分率 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="百分率" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Процент – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Процент" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B1%EB%B6%84%EC%9C%A8" title="백분율 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="백분율" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Տոկոս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոկոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4" title="प्रतिशत – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रतिशत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postotak" title="Postotak – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Postotak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persentase" title="Persentase – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Persentase" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundra%C3%B0shluti" title="Hundraðshluti – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hundraðshluti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentuale" title="Percentuale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Percentuale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96" title="אחוז – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אחוז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pers%C3%A8n" title="Persèn – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Persèn" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="პროცენტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პროცენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Пайыз – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пайыз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asilimia" title="Asilimia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Asilimia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poursantaj" title="Poursantaj – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Poursantaj" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Пайыз – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Пайыз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centesima_pars" title="Centesima pars – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Centesima pars" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procents" title="Procents – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Procents" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procentas" title="Procentas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Procentas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1zal%C3%A9k" title="Százalék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Százalék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Процент – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Процент" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isan-jato" title="Isan-jato – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Isan-jato" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="ശതമാനം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശതമാനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="टक्का – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="टक्का" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peratusan" title="Peratusan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Peratusan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procent" title="Procent – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Procent" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4" title="प्रतिशत – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्रतिशत" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="パーセント – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パーセント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosent" title="Prosent – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Prosent" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosent" title="Prosent – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Prosent" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosent" title="Prosent – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Prosent" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25" title="% – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="%" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foiz" title="Foiz – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Foiz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80" title="ਫ਼ੀਸਦੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫ਼ੀਸਦੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posentij" title="Posentij – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Posentij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prozent" title="Prozent – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Prozent" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procent" title="Procent – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Procent" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcentagem" title="Porcentagem – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Porcentagem" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procent" title="Procent – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Procent" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Процент – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Процент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бырыһыан – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бырыһыан" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ABrqindja" title="Përqindja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Përqindja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pircentuali" title="Pircentuali – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pircentuali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BA" title="ප්‍රතිශතය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රතිශතය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage" title="Percentage – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Percentage" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percento" title="Percento – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Percento" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odstotek" title="Odstotek – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Odstotek" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boqolleey" title="Boqolleey – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Boqolleey" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%86%D9%86" title="سەدیچن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەدیچن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Проценат – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Проценат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postotak" title="Postotak – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Postotak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pers%C3%A9ntase" title="Perséntase – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Perséntase" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosentti" title="Prosentti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Prosentti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procent" title="Procent – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Procent" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persentahe" title="Persentahe – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Persentahe" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="விழுக்காடு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விழுக்காடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" title="శాతం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="శాతం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0" title="อัตราร้อยละ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัตราร้อยละ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%BCzdelik" title="Yüzdelik – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yüzdelik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Відсоток – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Відсоток" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B5%D8%AF" title="فیصد – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فیصد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A7n_tr%C4%83m" title="Phần trăm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phần trăm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94" title="百分比 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="百分比" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94" title="百分比 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="百分比" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98" title="פראצענט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פראצענט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E4%BB%99" title="巴仙 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴仙" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94" title="百分比 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="百分比" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persin" title="Persin – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Persin" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faiz" title="Faiz – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Faiz" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11229#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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style="display:none">Number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Percent" redirects here. For the symbol, see <a href="/wiki/Percent_sign" title="Percent sign">Percent sign</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Per cent" redirects here. For the unit of currency, see <a href="/wiki/Cent_(currency)" title="Cent (currency)">cent (currency)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Web-browser_usage_on_Wikimedia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Web-browser_usage_on_Wikimedia.svg/220px-Web-browser_usage_on_Wikimedia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Web-browser_usage_on_Wikimedia.svg/330px-Web-browser_usage_on_Wikimedia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Web-browser_usage_on_Wikimedia.svg/440px-Web-browser_usage_on_Wikimedia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="381" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Pie_chart" title="Pie chart">pie chart</a> showing the <b>percentage</b> by web browser visiting <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia</a> sites (April 2009 to 2012)</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematics</a>, a <b>percentage</b> (from <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> <i> <i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/per_centum#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:per centum">per centum</a></i></i> 'by a hundred') is a number or <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">ratio</a> expressed as a <a href="/wiki/Fraction_(mathematics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraction (mathematics)">fraction</a> of 100. It is often <a href="/wiki/Denotation" title="Denotation">denoted</a> using the <a href="/wiki/Percent_sign" title="Percent sign">percent sign</a> (%),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the abbreviations <i>pct.</i>, <i>pct</i>, and sometimes <i>pc</i> are also used.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A percentage is a <a href="/wiki/Dimensionless_quantity" title="Dimensionless quantity">dimensionless number</a> (pure number), primarily used for expressing proportions, but percent is nonetheless a <a href="/wiki/Unit_of_measurement" title="Unit of measurement">unit of measurement</a> in its orthography and usage.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2></div> <p>For example, 45% (read as "forty-five percent") is equal to the fraction <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214402035">.mw-parser-output .sfrac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .sfrac.tion,.mw-parser-output .sfrac .tion{display:inline-block;vertical-align:-0.5em;font-size:85%;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .num{display:block;line-height:1em;margin:0.0em 0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .den{display:block;line-height:1em;margin:0.1em 0.1em}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">45</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span>, the <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">ratio</a> 45:55 (or 45:100 when comparing to the total rather than the other portion), or 0.45. Percentages are often used to express a proportionate part of a total. </p><p>(Similarly, one can also express a number as a fraction of 1,000, using the term "<a href="/wiki/Per_mille" title="Per mille">per mille</a>" or the symbol "<span style="font-size:120%">‰</span>".) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Example_1">Example 1</h3></div> <p>If 50% of the total number of students in the class are male, that means that 50 out of every 100 students are male. If there are 500 students, then 250 of them are male. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Example_2">Example 2</h3></div> <p>An increase of $0.15 on a price of $2.50 is an increase by a fraction of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">0.15</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">2.50</span></span>⁠</span> = 0.06. Expressed as a percentage, this is a 6% increase. </p><p>While many percentage values are between 0 and 100, there is no mathematical restriction and percentages may take on other values.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, it is common to refer to 111% or −35%, especially for <a href="/wiki/Percent_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Percent change">percent changes</a> and comparisons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a>, long before the existence of the decimal system, computations were often made in fractions in the multiples of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span>. For example, <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> levied a tax of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">1</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> on goods sold at auction known as <i><a href="/wiki/Centesima_rerum_venalium" title="Centesima rerum venalium">centesima rerum venalium</a></i>. Computation with these fractions was equivalent to computing percentages. </p><p>As denominations of money grew in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, computations with a denominator of 100 became increasingly standard, such that from the late 15th century to the early 16th century, it became common for arithmetic texts to include such computations. Many of these texts applied these methods to profit and loss, interest rates, and the <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_three_(mathematics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rule of three (mathematics)">Rule of Three</a>. By the 17th century, it was standard to quote interest rates in hundredths.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Percent_sign">Percent sign</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Percent_sign" title="Percent sign">Percent sign</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unicode_0x0025.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Unicode_0x0025.svg/170px-Unicode_0x0025.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Unicode_0x0025.svg/255px-Unicode_0x0025.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Unicode_0x0025.svg/340px-Unicode_0x0025.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a><figcaption>A percent sign</figcaption></figure> <p>The term "percent" is derived from the Latin <i>per centum</i>, meaning "hundred" or "by the hundred".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Percentage_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Percentage sign">sign for "percent"</a> evolved by gradual contraction of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> term <i>per cento</i>, meaning "for a hundred". The "per" was often abbreviated as "p."—eventually disappeared entirely. The "cento" was contracted to two circles separated by a horizontal line, from which the modern "%" symbol is derived.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Calculations">Calculations</h2></div> <p>The percent value is computed by multiplying the numeric value of the ratio by 100. For example, to find 50 apples as a percentage of 1,250 apples, one first computes the ratio <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">50</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">1250</span></span>⁠</span> = 0.04, and then multiplies by 100 to obtain 4%. The percent value can also be found by multiplying first instead of later, so in this example, the 50 would be multiplied by 100 to give 5,000, and this result would be divided by 1,250 to give 4%. </p><p>To calculate a percentage of a percentage, convert both percentages to fractions of 100, or to decimals, and multiply them. For example, 50% of 40% is: </p> <dl><dd><span class="texhtml"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">50</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> × <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">40</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> = 0.50 × 0.40 = 0.20 = <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">20</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> = 20%.</span></dd></dl> <p>It is not correct to divide by 100 and use the percent sign at the same time; it would literally imply division by 10,000. For example, <span class="nowrap">25% = <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">25</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> = 0.25</span>, not <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">25%</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span>, which actually is <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">25</span>⁄<span class="den">100</span></span></span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> = 0.0025</span>. A term such as <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">100</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span>%</span> would also be incorrect, since it would be read as 1 percent, even if the intent was to say 100%. </p><p>Whenever communicating about a percentage, it is important to specify what it is relative to (i.e., what is the total that corresponds to 100%). The following problem illustrates this point. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In a certain college 60% of all students are female, and 10% of all students are computer science majors. If 5% of female students are computer science majors, what percentage of computer science majors are female?</p></blockquote> <p>We are asked to compute the <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">ratio</a> of female computer science majors to all computer science majors. We know that 60% of all students are female, and among these 5% are computer science majors, so we conclude that <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">60</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> × <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">5</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> = <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">3</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> or 3% of all students are female computer science majors. Dividing this by the 10% of all students that are computer science majors, we arrive at the answer: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">3%</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">10%</span></span>⁠</span> = <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">30</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span> or 30% of all computer science majors are female. </p><p>This example is closely related to the concept of <a href="/wiki/Conditional_probability" title="Conditional probability">conditional probability</a>. </p><p>Because of the <a href="/wiki/Commutative_property" title="Commutative property">commutative property</a> of multiplication, reversing expressions does not change the result; for example, 50% of 20 is 10, and 20% of 50 is 10. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants_of_the_percentage_calculation">Variants of the percentage calculation</h2></div> <p>The calculation of percentages is carried out and taught in different ways depending on the prerequisites and requirements. In this way, the usual formulas can be obtained with proportions, which saves them from having to remember them. In so-called mental arithmetic, the intermediary question is usually asked what 100% or 1% is (corresponds to). </p><p>Example: </p><p>42 kg is 7%. How much is (corresponds to) 100%?<br />Given are <i>W</i> (percentage) and <i>p</i> % (percentage).<br />We are looking for <i>G</i> (basic value). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="backgroundcolor3">With general <a href="/wiki/Formula" title="Formula">formula</a> </th> <th class="backgroundcolor6">With own ratio equation (<a href="/wiki/Quotient#Proportions" title="Quotient">Proportion</a>) </th> <th class="backgroundcolor4">With “What is 1%?” (<a href="/wiki/Rule_of_3_(mathematics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rule of 3 (mathematics)">Rule of 3</a>) <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {p\,\%}{42\,{\text{kg}}}}={\frac {100\,\%}{7\ \%}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>42</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>100</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>7</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {p\,\%}{42\,{\text{kg}}}}={\frac {100\,\%}{7\ \%}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/8609e147900bac4777b21654c9ebf5b7275766a4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:15.683ex; height:6.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {p\,\%}{42\,{\text{kg}}}}={\frac {100\,\%}{7\ \%}}}"></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {p\,\%}{100\,\%}}={\frac {W}{G}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>100</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>W</mi> <mi>G</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {p\,\%}{100\,\%}}={\frac {W}{G}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3e020dce568d0a0aa669e827a5667aecbcacac2f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:13.016ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {p\,\%}{100\,\%}}={\frac {W}{G}}}"></span><br /><br />multiple rearrangements result in:<br /><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G={\frac {W}{p\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>100</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G={\frac {W}{p\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b936ad561add020e90dbcd0b7b2d80aac1f132a9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:16.743ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G={\frac {W}{p\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}}"></span><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G={\frac {42\,{\text{ kg}}}{7\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}=600\,{\text{kg}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>42</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext> kg</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>7</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>100</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>600</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G={\frac {42\,{\text{ kg}}}{7\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}=600\,{\text{kg}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5ac7d3b3086195ea0b9c7c9e7059d1bdd72b4726" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:28.296ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G={\frac {42\,{\text{ kg}}}{7\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}=600\,{\text{kg}}}"></span> </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {G}{42\,{\text{kg}}}}={\frac {100\,\%}{7\,\%}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>G</mi> <mrow> <mn>42</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>100</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>7</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {G}{42\,{\text{kg}}}}={\frac {100\,\%}{7\,\%}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/489af145abb84901b219d5b3fd3f17698ee64e53" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:15.683ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {G}{42\,{\text{kg}}}}={\frac {100\,\%}{7\,\%}}}"></span><br /><br />simple conversion yields:<br /><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G={\frac {42\,{\text{kg}}}{7\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}=600\,{\text{ kg}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>42</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>7</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>100</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>600</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext> kg</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G={\frac {42\,{\text{kg}}}{7\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}=600\,{\text{ kg}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e7e2d49eba418d0a896ec80911276f1c67fca3d1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:28.296ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G={\frac {42\,{\text{kg}}}{7\,\%}}\cdot {100\,\%}=600\,{\text{ kg}}}"></span> </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {42\,{\text{kg}}:{\color {red}7}}{7\,\%:{\color {red}7}}}={\frac {6\,{\text{ kg}}}{1\,\%}}={\frac {6\,{\text{kg}}\cdot {\color {red}100}}{1\,\%\cdot {\color {red}100}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>42</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mrow> <mo>:</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="red"> <mn>7</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>7</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="red"> <mn>7</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>6</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext> kg</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>6</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="red"> <mn>100</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">%</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle mathcolor="red"> <mn>100</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {42\,{\text{kg}}:{\color {red}7}}{7\,\%:{\color {red}7}}}={\frac {6\,{\text{ kg}}}{1\,\%}}={\frac {6\,{\text{kg}}\cdot {\color {red}100}}{1\,\%\cdot {\color {red}100}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/32446242a6de11f3c1a61416cda961f4aab93500" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:30.533ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {42\,{\text{kg}}:{\color {red}7}}{7\,\%:{\color {red}7}}}={\frac {6\,{\text{ kg}}}{1\,\%}}={\frac {6\,{\text{kg}}\cdot {\color {red}100}}{1\,\%\cdot {\color {red}100}}}}"></span><br /><br />without changing the last counter is:<br /><br /><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle G=6\,{\text{kg}}\cdot 100=600\,{\text{ kg}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>G</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>kg</mtext> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo>=</mo> <mn>600</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext> kg</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle G=6\,{\text{kg}}\cdot 100=600\,{\text{ kg}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/29f7c70b247930bb7fe9de535e4ee95aeadbc550" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:23.975ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle G=6\,{\text{kg}}\cdot 100=600\,{\text{ kg}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="backgroundcolor3">Advantage:<br />• One formula for all tasks<br /> </td> <td class="backgroundcolor6">Advantages:<br />• Without a formula<br />• Easy to change over if the size you are looking for – here <i>G</i> – is in the top left of the counter.<br /> </td> <td class="backgroundcolor4">Advantages:<br />• Without a formula<br />• Simple rule of three – here as a chain of equations<br />• Application for mental arithmetic </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Percentage_increase_and_decrease">Percentage increase and decrease</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Relative_change_and_difference" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative change and difference">Relative change and difference</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shop_placard_showing_20%25_reduction.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Shop_placard_showing_20%25_reduction.JPG/220px-Shop_placard_showing_20%25_reduction.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Shop_placard_showing_20%25_reduction.JPG/330px-Shop_placard_showing_20%25_reduction.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Shop_placard_showing_20%25_reduction.JPG/440px-Shop_placard_showing_20%25_reduction.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Placard outside a shop in Bordeaux advertising 20% decrease in the price of the second perfume purchased.</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to inconsistent usage, it is not always clear from the context what a percentage is relative to. When speaking of a "10% rise" or a "10% fall" in a quantity, the usual interpretation is that this is relative to the <i>initial value</i> of that quantity. For example, if an item is initially priced at $200 and the price rises 10% (an increase of $20), the new price will be $220. Note that this final price is 110% of the initial price (100% + 10% = 110%). </p><p>Some other examples of <a href="/wiki/Percent_difference#Percentage_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Percent difference">percent changes</a>: </p> <ul><li>An increase of 100% in a quantity means that the final amount is 200% of the initial amount (100% of initial + 100% of increase = 200% of initial). In other words, the quantity has doubled.</li> <li>An increase of 800% means the final amount is 9 times the original (100% + 800% = 900% = 9 times as large).</li> <li>A decrease of 60% means the final amount is 40% of the original (100% – 60% = 40%).</li> <li>A decrease of 100% means the final amount is <i>zero</i> (100% – 100% = 0%).</li></ul> <p>In general, a change of <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent in a quantity results in a final amount that is 100 + <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent of the original amount (equivalently, (1 + 0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>) times the original amount). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compounding_percentages">Compounding percentages</h2></div> <p>Percent changes applied sequentially <i>do not add up</i> in the usual way. For example, if the 10% increase in price considered earlier (on the $200 item, raising its price to $220) is followed by a 10% decrease in the price (a decrease of $22), then the final price will be $198—<i>not</i> the original price of $200. The reason for this apparent discrepancy is that the two percent changes (+10% and −10%) are measured relative to different initial values ($200 and $220, respectively), and thus do not "cancel out". </p><p>In general, if an increase of <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent is followed by a decrease of <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent, and the initial amount was <span class="texhtml"><i>p</i></span>, the final amount is <span class="nowrap"><span class="texhtml"><i>p</i></span>(1 + 0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>)(1 − 0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>) = <span class="texhtml"><i>p</i></span>(1 − (0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>)<sup>2</sup>)</span>; hence the net change is an overall decrease by <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent <i>of</i> <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent (the square of the original percent change when expressed as a decimal number). Thus, in the above example, after an increase and decrease of <span class="nowrap"><span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> = 10 percent</span>, the final amount, $198, was 10% of 10%, or 1%, less than the initial amount of $200. The net change is the same for a decrease of <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent, followed by an increase of <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> percent; the final amount is <span class="nowrap"><span class="texhtml"><i>p</i></span>(1 - 0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>)(1 + 0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>) = <span class="texhtml"><i>p</i></span>(1 − (0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>)<sup>2</sup>)</span>. </p><p>This can be expanded for a case where one does not have the same percent change. If the initial amount <span class="texhtml"><i>p</i></span> leads to a percent change <span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>, and the second percent change is <span class="texhtml"><i>y</i></span>, then the final amount is <span class="nowrap"><span class="texhtml"><i>p</i></span>(1 + 0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span>)(1 + 0.01<span class="texhtml"><i>y</i></span>)</span>. To change the above example, after an increase of <span class="nowrap"><span class="texhtml"><i>x</i></span> = 10 percent</span> and decrease of <span class="nowrap"><span class="texhtml"><i>y</i></span> = −5 percent</span>, the final amount, $209, is 4.5% more than the initial amount of $200. </p><p>As shown above, percent changes can be applied in any order and have the same effect. </p><p>In the case of <a href="/wiki/Interest_rate" title="Interest rate">interest rates</a>, a very common but ambiguous way to say that an interest rate rose from 10% per annum to 15% per annum, for example, is to say that the interest rate increased by 5%, which could <i>theoretically</i> mean that it increased from 10% per annum to 10.5% per annum. It is clearer to say that the interest rate increased by 5 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">percentage points</a> (pp). The same confusion between the different concepts of percent(age) and percentage points can potentially cause a major misunderstanding when journalists report about election results, for example, expressing both new results and differences with earlier results as percentages. For example, if a party obtains 41% of the vote and this is said to be a 2.5% increase, does that mean the earlier result was 40% (since 41 = <span style="padding-right:0.1em;"><span class="nowrap">40 × (1 + <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">2.5</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">100</span></span>⁠</span>)</span></span>) or 38.5% (since 41 = <span class="nowrap">38.5 + 2.5</span>)? </p><p>In financial markets, it is common to refer to an increase of one percentage point (e.g. from 3% per annum to 4% per annum) as an increase of "100 basis points". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Word_and_symbol">Word and symbol</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Percent_sign" title="Percent sign">Percent sign</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Commonwealth English">most forms of English</a>, <i>percent</i> is usually written as two words (<i>per cent</i>), although <i>percentage</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Percentile" title="Percentile">percentile</a></i> are written as one word.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>, <i>percent</i> is the most common variant<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (but <i><a href="/wiki/Per_mille" title="Per mille">per mille</a></i> is written as two words). </p><p>In the early 20th century, there was a dotted abbreviation form "<i>per cent.</i>", as opposed to "<i>per cent</i>". The form "<i>per cent.</i>" is still in use in the highly formal language found in certain documents like commercial loan agreements (particularly those subject to, or inspired by, common law), as well as in the <i><a href="/wiki/Hansard" title="Hansard">Hansard</a></i> transcripts of British Parliamentary proceedings. The term has been attributed to <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>per centum</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Percent_sign" title="Percent sign">symbol for percent</a> (%) evolved from a symbol abbreviating the Italian <i>per cento</i>. In some other languages, the form <i>procent</i> or <i>prosent</i> is used instead. Some languages use both a word derived from <i>percent</i> and an expression in that language meaning the same thing, e.g. Romanian <i>procent</i> and <i>la sută</i> (thus, <i>10%</i> can be read or sometimes written <i>ten for [each] hundred</i>, similarly with the English <i>one out of ten</i>). Other abbreviations are rarer, but sometimes seen. </p><p>Grammar and style guides often differ as to how percentages are to be written. For instance, it is commonly suggested that the word percent (or per cent) be spelled out in all texts, as in "1 percent" and not "1%". Other guides prefer the word to be written out in humanistic texts, but the symbol to be used in scientific texts. Most guides agree that they always be written with a numeral, as in "5 percent" and not "five percent", the only exception being at the beginning of a sentence: "Ten percent of all writers love style guides." Decimals are also to be used instead of fractions, as in "3.5 percent of the gain" and not "<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> percent of the gain". However the titles of bonds issued by governments and other issuers use the fractional form, e.g. "<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>% Unsecured Loan Stock 2032 Series 2". (When interest rates are very low, the number 0 is included if the interest rate is less than 1%, e.g. "<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">0<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span>% Treasury Stock", not "<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span>% Treasury Stock".) It is also widely accepted to use the percent symbol (%) in tabular and graphic material. </p><p>In line with common English practice, style guides—such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_Manual_of_Style" title="The Chicago Manual of Style">The Chicago Manual of Style</a></i>—generally state that the number and percent sign are written without any space in between.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/International_System_of_Units" title="International System of Units">International System of Units</a> and the <a href="/wiki/ISO_31-0" title="ISO 31-0">ISO 31-0</a> standard require a space.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h2></div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 302px;"> <div class="thumbimage" style="width: 300px; height: 210px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -60px; left: -60px; width: 450px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Top_of_steep_hill_leading_to_Okehampton_Army_Camp_-_geograph.org.uk_-_38028.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Percent used to indicate a road's steepness down." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Top_of_steep_hill_leading_to_Okehampton_Army_Camp_-_geograph.org.uk_-_38028.jpg/450px-Top_of_steep_hill_leading_to_Okehampton_Army_Camp_-_geograph.org.uk_-_38028.jpg" decoding="async" width="450" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Top_of_steep_hill_leading_to_Okehampton_Army_Camp_-_geograph.org.uk_-_38028.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Top_of_steep_hill_leading_to_Okehampton_Army_Camp_-_geograph.org.uk_-_38028.jpg" title="File:Top of steep hill leading to Okehampton Army Camp - geograph.org.uk - 38028.jpg"> </a></div>Percent used to indicate a road's steepness down. </div> </div> </div> <p>The word "percentage" is often a <a href="/wiki/Misnomer" title="Misnomer">misnomer</a> in the context of sports statistics, when the referenced number is expressed as a decimal proportion, not a percentage: "The <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Suns" title="Phoenix Suns">Phoenix Suns</a>' <a href="/wiki/Shaquille_O%27Neal" title="Shaquille O'Neal">Shaquille O'Neal</a> led the <a href="/wiki/NBA" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA">NBA</a> with a .609 <a href="/wiki/Field_goal_percentage" title="Field goal percentage">field goal percentage</a> (FG%) during the 2008–09 season." (O'Neal made 60.9% of his shots, not 0.609%.) Likewise, the <a href="/wiki/Winning_percentage" title="Winning percentage">winning percentage</a> of a team, the fraction of matches that the club has won, is also usually expressed as a decimal proportion; a team that has a .500 winning percentage has won 50% of their matches. The practice is probably related to the similar way that <a href="/wiki/Batting_average_(baseball)" title="Batting average (baseball)">batting averages</a> are quoted. </p><p>As "percent" it is used to describe the <a href="/wiki/Grade_(slope)" title="Grade (slope)">grade</a> or slope, the steepness of a <a href="/wiki/Road" title="Road">road</a> or <a href="/wiki/Rail_tracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail tracks">railway</a>, formula for which is 100 × <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">rise</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">run</span></span>⁠</span> which could also be expressed as the <a href="/wiki/Tangent_(trigonometry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tangent (trigonometry)">tangent</a> of the angle of inclination times 100. This is the ratio of distances a vehicle would advance vertically and horizontally, respectively, when going up- or downhill, expressed in percent. </p><p>Percentage is also used to express composition of a mixture by <a href="/wiki/Mass_percent" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass percent">mass percent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mole_percent" class="mw-redirect" title="Mole percent">mole percent</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_units">Related units</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/200px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/300px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/400px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Visualisation of 1%, 1‰, 1‱, 1 pcm and 1 ppm as fractions of the large block <span class="nowrap"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg/1024px-Visualisation_parts_per_1_block.svg.png">(larger version)</a></span></span></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">Percentage point</a> difference of 1 part in 100</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permille" class="mw-redirect" title="Permille">Per mille</a> (‰) 1 part in 1,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basis_point" title="Basis point">Basis point</a> (bp) difference of 1 part in 10,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permyriad" class="mw-redirect" title="Permyriad">Permyriad</a> (‱) 1 part in 10,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_cent_mille" title="Per cent mille">Per cent mille</a> (pcm) 1 part in 100,000</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centiturn" class="mw-redirect" title="Centiturn">Centiturn</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Practical_applications">Practical applications</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baker_percentage" title="Baker percentage">Baker percentage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volume_percent" class="mw-redirect" title="Volume percent">Volume percent</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1000_percent" title="1000 percent">1000 percent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relative_change_and_difference" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative change and difference">Relative change and difference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percent_difference" class="mw-redirect" title="Percent difference">Percent difference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percentage_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Percentage change">Percentage change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parts-per_notation" title="Parts-per notation">Parts-per notation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per-unit_system" title="Per-unit system">Per-unit system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percent_point_function" class="mw-redirect" title="Percent point function">Percent point function</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathsisfun.com/percentage.html">"Introduction to Percents"</a>. <i>mathsisfun.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mathsisfun.com&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+Percents&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathsisfun.com%2Fpercentage.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDakers2015" class="citation news cs1">Dakers, Marion (7 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/economics/11329769/Eurozone-officially-falls-into-deflation-piling-pressure-on-ECB.html">"Eurozone Officially Falls into Deflation, Piling Pressure on ECB"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Eurozone+Officially+Falls+into+Deflation%2C+Piling+Pressure+on+ECB&rft.date=2015-01-07&rft.aulast=Dakers&rft.aufirst=Marion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Feconomics%2F11329769%2FEurozone-officially-falls-into-deflation-piling-pressure-on-ECB.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMattock2023" class="citation book cs1">Mattock, Peter (5 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FZVfEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT269"><i>Conceptual Maths: Teaching 'about' (rather than just 'how to do') mathematics in schools</i></a>. Crown House Publishing Ltd. p. 269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78583-618-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78583-618-3"><bdi>978-1-78583-618-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conceptual+Maths%3A+Teaching+%27about%27+%28rather+than+just+%27how+to+do%27%29+mathematics+in+schools&rft.pages=269&rft.pub=Crown+House+Publishing+Ltd&rft.date=2023-01-05&rft.isbn=978-1-78583-618-3&rft.aulast=Mattock&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFZVfEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBennettBriggs2005" class="citation cs2">Bennett, Jeffrey; Briggs, William (2005), <i>Using and Understanding Mathematics / A Quantitative Reasoning Approach</i> (3rd ed.), Pearson Addison Wesley, p. 134, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-321-22773-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-321-22773-5"><bdi>0-321-22773-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Using+and+Understanding+Mathematics+%2F+A+Quantitative+Reasoning+Approach&rft.pages=134&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pearson+Addison+Wesley&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-321-22773-5&rft.aulast=Bennett&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.au=Briggs%2C+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1958" class="citation book cs1">Smith, D.E. 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(1992) Houghton Mifflin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/percent">"Definition of PERCENT"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+PERCENT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fpercent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith p. 250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrians" class="citation web cs1">Brians, Paul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/percent1.html">"Percent/per cent"</a>. <i>Common Errors in English Usage</i>. Washington State University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Common+Errors+in+English+Usage&rft.atitle=Percent%2Fper+cent&rft.aulast=Brians&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsu.edu%2F~brians%2Ferrors%2Fpercent1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHundt1998" class="citation book cs1">Hundt, Marianne (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6U3ysrgV4_8C&pg=PA19"><i>New Zealand English Grammar, Fact Or Fiction?: A Corpus-based Study in Morphosyntactic Variation</i></a>. Varieties of English around the world: General series. Vol. 23. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789027248817" title="Special:BookSources/9789027248817"><bdi>9789027248817</bdi></a>. <q>A new regional difference between BrE and AmE in this area has evolved during the last thirty years. While in 1961, it was still fairly common for American journalists to write either per cent or (less commonly) percent, the latter spelling variant now seems to be the only possible one.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+English+Grammar%2C+Fact+Or+Fiction%3F%3A+A+Corpus-based+Study+in+Morphosyntactic+Variation&rft.series=Varieties+of+English+around+the+world%3A+General+series&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9789027248817&rft.aulast=Hundt&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6U3ysrgV4_8C%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-Percent" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=Percent">"Percent"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Percent&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3DPercent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/">"The Chicago Manual of Style"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chicago+Manual+of+Style&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagomanualofstyle.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8.pdf">"The International System of Units"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Bureau_of_Weights_and_Measures" title="International Bureau of Weights and Measures">International Bureau of Weights and Measures</a>. 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+International+System+of+Units&rft.pub=International+Bureau+of+Weights+and+Measures&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bipm.org%2Futils%2Fcommon%2Fpdf%2Fsi_brochure_8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=3621">"ISO 31-0 — Quantities and units – Part 0: General principles"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">International Organization for Standardization</a>. 22 December 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ISO+31-0+%E2%80%94+Quantities+and+units+%E2%80%93+Part+0%3A+General+principles&rft.pub=International+Organization+for+Standardization&rft.date=1999-12-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iso.org%2Fiso%2Fen%2FCatalogueDetailPage.CatalogueDetail%3FCSNUMBER%3D3621&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercentage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Percentages" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Percentages">Percentages</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/percentage" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/percentage"><i>percentage</i></a> at Wiktionary</li></ul> <div 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fractions_and_ratios" title="Template:Fractions and ratios"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fractions_and_ratios" title="Template talk:Fractions and ratios"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fractions_and_ratios" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fractions and ratios"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fractions_and_ratios" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fraction" title="Fraction">Fractions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">ratios</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0;min-width: 60px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unicode_0x0025.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Unicode_0x0025.svg/50px-Unicode_0x0025.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Unicode_0x0025.svg/75px-Unicode_0x0025.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Unicode_0x0025.svg/100px-Unicode_0x0025.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></div></td><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Division and ratio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Division_(mathematics)" title="Division (mathematics)">Dividend</a> ÷ <a href="/wiki/Divisor" title="Divisor">Divisor</a> = <a href="/wiki/Quotient" title="Quotient">Quotient</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="The ratio of width to height of standard-definition television." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Aspect-ratio-4x3.svg/66px-Aspect-ratio-4x3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="66" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Aspect-ratio-4x3.svg/99px-Aspect-ratio-4x3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Aspect-ratio-4x3.svg/131px-Aspect-ratio-4x3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="106" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Fraction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num">Numerator</span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den">Denominator</span></span>⁠</span></span> = Quotient</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_fraction" title="Algebraic fraction">Algebraic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio" title="Aspect ratio">Aspect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binary_number" title="Binary number">Binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continued_fraction" title="Continued fraction">Continued</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decimal#Decimal_fractions" title="Decimal">Decimal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyadic_rational" title="Dyadic rational">Dyadic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_fraction" title="Egyptian fraction">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_ratio" title="Golden ratio">Golden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silver_ratio" title="Silver ratio">Silver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integer" title="Integer">Integer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreducible_fraction" title="Irreducible fraction">Irreducible</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reduction_(mathematics)" title="Reduction (mathematics)">Reduction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_intonation" title="Just intonation">Just intonation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowest_common_denominator" title="Lowest common denominator">LCD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interval_(music)" title="Interval (music)">Musical interval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_size" title="Paper size">Paper size</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Percentage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_fraction" title="Unit fraction">Unit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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