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cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar subsección Biografía</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oríxenes_familiares" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oríxenes_familiares"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Oríxenes familiares</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oríxenes_familiares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trayectoria_profesional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trayectoria_profesional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Trayectoria profesional</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trayectoria_profesional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carrera_política" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carrera_política"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Carrera política</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Carrera_política-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar subsección Carrera política</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Carrera_política-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Carrera_como_ministru" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carrera_como_ministru"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Carrera como ministru</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carrera_como_ministru-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mandatu_de_senador" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mandatu_de_senador"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Mandatu de senador</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mandatu_de_senador-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mandatos_locales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mandatos_locales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Mandatos locales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mandatos_locales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mandatu_européu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mandatu_européu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Mandatu européu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mandatu_européu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Eleiciones presidenciales de 2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contra_l'austeridá_n'Europa_2013" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contra_l'austeridá_n'Europa_2013"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Contra l'austeridá n'Europa 2013</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contra_l'austeridá_n'Europa_2013-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Eleiciones presidenciales de 2017</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliografía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaces_esternos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaces_esternos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Enllaces esternos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaces_esternos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteníu" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jean-Luc Mélenchon</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. Disponible en 56 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 llingües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – alemán de Suiza" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán de Suiza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86" title="جان لوك ميلونشون – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جان لوك ميلونشون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86" title="جان لوك ميلونشون – árabe d’Exiptu" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جان لوك ميلونشون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="árabe d’Exiptu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жан-Люк Меланшон – bielorrusu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Жан-Люк Меланшон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жан-Люк Мэляншон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Жан-Люк Мэляншон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жан-Люк Меланшон – búlgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Жан-Люк Меланшон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%81-%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%81" title="জঁ-ল্যুক মেলঁশোঁ – bengalín" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জঁ-ল্যুক মেলঁশোঁ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%87%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%85%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ཇང་ལུག་མེ་ལང་ཅོང་། – tibetanu" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཇང་ལུག་མེ་ལང་ཅོང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – checu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CE%B1%CE%BD-%CE%9B%CF%85%CE%BA_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%8C%CE%BD" title="Ζαν-Λυκ Μελανσόν – griegu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ζαν-Λυκ Μελανσόν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="griegu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – estoniu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – vascu" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="vascu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%86" title="ژان لوک ملانشن – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ژان لوک ملانشن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – finlandés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – gallegu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallegu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%27%D7%90%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A7_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9F" title="ז'אן לוק מלנשון – hebréu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ז'אן לוק מלנשון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebréu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – húngaru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – indonesiu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – italianu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italianu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%EF%BC%9D%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A5%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="ジャン＝リュック・メランション – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャン＝リュック・メランション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EB%A4%BC%ED%81%AC_%EB%A9%9C%EB%9E%91%EC%88%91" title="장뤼크 멜랑숑 – coreanu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="장뤼크 멜랑숑" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Lucas_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Ioannes Lucas Mélenchon – llatín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes Lucas Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – lombardu" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – lituanu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDans_Liks_Melan%C5%A1ons" title="Žans Liks Melanšons – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Žans Liks Melanšons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – malayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – noruegu Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegu Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – occitanu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – polacu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – rumanu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA" title="Меланшон, Жан-Люк – rusu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Меланшон, Жан-Люк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – serbo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – albanu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жан-Лик Меланшон – serbiu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Жан-Лик Меланшон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – suecu" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suecu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8C%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87-%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%87" title="ฌ็อง-ลุก เมล็องชง – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฌ็อง-ลุก เมล็องชง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – turcu" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Jean-Luc Mélenchon" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Жан-Люк Меланшон – ucraín" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Жан-Люк Меланшон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%8A%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%BD_%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9B%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵊⵓⵏ ⵍⵓⴽ ⵎⵉⵍⵓⵏⵛⵓⵏ – tamazight estándar de Marruecos" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵊⵓⵏ ⵍⵓⴽ ⵎⵉⵍⵓⵏⵛⵓⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="tamazight estándar de Marruecos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A9-%E5%90%95%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E6%9C%97%E9%9B%84" title="让-吕克·梅朗雄 – chinu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="让-吕克·梅朗雄" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5829#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="hd" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: lightsteelblue"><div style="float:center; padding:.1em;" class="noprint"></div>Jean-Luc Mélenchon<span style="float:right; margin-left: 3px; margin-right: 3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Picto_infobox_character.png/30px-Picto_infobox_character.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/Picto_infobox_character.png 1.5x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_2022_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="373" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/390px-Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/520px-Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="1445" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Logo_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Logo_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/25px-Logo_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Logo_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/38px-Logo_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Logo_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/50px-Logo_de_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="838" data-file-height="741" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3044918" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3044918">miembru de la Asamblea Nacional francesa</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <br />21 xunu 2017 - 21 xunu 2022 <br />← <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1530897" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1530897">Patrick Mennucci</a> <br /><small>Distritu: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3413595" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3413595">Bouches-du-Rhône's 4th constituency</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3413595?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small> <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q20723970" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q20723970">elecciones legislativas de Francia de 2017</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20723970?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small><br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:European_Parliament_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/European_Parliament_logo.svg/25px-European_Parliament_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/European_Parliament_logo.svg/38px-European_Parliament_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/European_Parliament_logo.svg/50px-European_Parliament_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="241" data-file-height="166" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Diput%C3%A1u_al_Parllamentu_Europ%C3%A9u" title="Diputáu al Parllamentu Européu">eurodiputáu</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <br />1r xunetu 2014 - 18 xunu 2017 <br /><small>Distritu: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q556616" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q556616">Circunscripción del Suroeste</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556616?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small> <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17315694" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q17315694">VIII legislatura del Parlamento Europeo</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17315694?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small><br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:European_Parliament_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/European_Parliament_logo.svg/25px-European_Parliament_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/European_Parliament_logo.svg/38px-European_Parliament_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/European_Parliament_logo.svg/50px-European_Parliament_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="241" data-file-height="166" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Diput%C3%A1u_al_Parllamentu_Europ%C3%A9u" title="Diputáu al Parllamentu Européu">eurodiputáu</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <br />14 xunetu 2009 - 1r xunetu 2014 <br /><small>Distritu: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q556616" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q556616">Circunscripción del Suroeste</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556616?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small> <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4644021" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4644021">VII legislatura del Parlamento Europeo</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4644021?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small><br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/23px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/34px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/45px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14828018" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14828018">senador de Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14828018?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3368" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3368">Essonne, Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3368?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th></tr></tbody></table> <br />26 setiembre 2004 - 7 xineru 2010 <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3559225" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3559225">2004 French Senate election</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3559225?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small><br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q814694" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q814694">minister delegate</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814694?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q828812" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q828812">desarrollo profesional</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th></tr></tbody></table> <br />27 marzu 2000 - 6 mayu 2002 <br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/23px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/34px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/45px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3780304" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3780304">consejero general</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3780304?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3368" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3368">Essonne, Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3368?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th></tr></tbody></table> <br />23 marzu 1998 - 2 abril 2004 <br />← <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3559572" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3559572">Vincent Delahaye</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33867268" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q33867268">Marie-Pierre Oprandi</a> → <br /><small>Distritu: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q304481" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q304481">Cantón de Massy-Oeste</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304481?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small> <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3586832" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3586832">1998 French cantonal elections</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3586832?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small><br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/23px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/34px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/45px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14828018" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14828018">senador de Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14828018?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3368" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3368">Essonne, Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3368?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th></tr></tbody></table> <br />24 setiembre 1995 - 27 abril 2000 <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3587553" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3587553">1995 French Senate election</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3587553?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small><br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/23px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/34px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/45px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14828018" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q14828018">senador de Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14828018?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3368" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3368">Essonne, Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3368?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th></tr></tbody></table> <br />28 setiembre 1986 - 1995 <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3587550" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3587550">1986 French Senate election</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3587550?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small><br /><table class="infotaula" align="right" cellspacing="5" style="display: table; margin-width: 0; width:100%; text-align:left; line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; background-color: lightsteelblue;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/23px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/34px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg/45px-Blason_d%C3%A9partement_fr_Essonne.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3780304" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3780304">consejero general</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3780304?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3368" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3368">Essonne, Francia</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3368?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></th></tr></tbody></table> <br />23 marzu 1985 - 2 abril 1992 <br />← <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q461454" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q461454">Marie-Noëlle Lienemann</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3559572" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3559572">Vincent Delahaye</a> → <br /><small>Distritu: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q304481" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q304481">Cantón de Massy-Oeste</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304481?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small> <br /><small>Eleiciones: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3586829" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3586829">1985 French cantonal elections</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3586829?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Vida</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Nacimientu</th><td> <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1nxer" title="Tánxer">Tánxer</a><sup id="cite_ref-9f7af51cbafd9493e425bc910a77707f74fb3afd_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9f7af51cbafd9493e425bc910a77707f74fb3afd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/19_d%27agostu" title="19 d'agostu">19 d'agostu</a> de <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a><sup id="cite_ref-9f7af51cbafd9493e425bc910a77707f74fb3afd_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9f7af51cbafd9493e425bc910a77707f74fb3afd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (73 años)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Nacionalidá</th><td> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bandera de Francia"><img alt="Bandera de Francia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_France_%281794%E2%80%931815%2C_1830%E2%80%931974%2C_2020%E2%80%93present%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_France_%281794%E2%80%931815%2C_1830%E2%80%931974%2C_2020%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_France_%281794%E2%80%931815%2C_1830%E2%80%931974%2C_2020%E2%80%93present%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_France_%281794%E2%80%931815%2C_1830%E2%80%931974%2C_2020%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_France_%281794%E2%80%931815%2C_1830%E2%80%931974%2C_2020%E2%80%93present%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_France_%281794%E2%80%931815%2C_1830%E2%80%931974%2C_2020%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Llingua materna</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Idioma_castellanu" title="Idioma castellanu">castellanu</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Familia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Pareyes</th><td> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sophia_Chikirou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sophia Chikirou (la páxina nun esiste)">Sophia Chikirou</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Estudios</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Estudios</th><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3268638" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3268638">Liceo Pierre-Corneille</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3268638?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3268901" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3268901">Lycée Regnault</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3268901?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q829449" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q829449">Universidad de Franco Condado</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829449?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <br /><small>(setiembre 1969 -</small> <small>1972)</small> <small><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4838817" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4838817">bachillerato en Filosofía</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4838817?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Nivel d'estudios</th><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q798022" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q798022">bachillerato (Francia)</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798022?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Llingües falaes</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Idioma_franc%C3%A9s" title="Idioma francés">francés</a><sup id="cite_ref-377d8e6b4d1df5885cf24f45b2d6f329ed7d1694_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-377d8e6b4d1df5885cf24f45b2d6f329ed7d1694-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Idioma_castellanu" title="Idioma castellanu">castellanu</a><sup id="cite_ref-a060d2ed1d6b07a55d2cd73a238f84c60cf81049_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a060d2ed1d6b07a55d2cd73a238f84c60cf81049-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Oficiu</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADticu" class="mw-redirect" title="Políticu">políticu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodista" title="Periodista">periodista</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Correutor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Correutor (la páxina nun esiste)">correutor</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Profesor_d%27ense%C3%B1anza_secundaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Profesor d'enseñanza secundaria (la páxina nun esiste)">profesor d'enseñanza secundaria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dibuxante_de_prensa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dibuxante de prensa (la páxina nun esiste)">dibuxante de prensa</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">Participante</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q61940384" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q61940384">Manifiesto de apoyo a Barcelona en Comú</a> <sup>(es)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61940384?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Altor</th><td> 1,75 m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Llugares de trabayu</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Estrasburgu" title="Estrasburgu">Estrasburgu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruxeles" title="Bruxeles">Bruxeles</a> y <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Premios</th><td> <div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border: none; padding: 0;"> <div class="NavHead" style="font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;">ver</div> <ul class="NavContent" style="list-style: none none; margin-left: 0; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:ARG_Order_of_May_-_Grand_Officer_BAR.png" class="mw-file-description" title="enllaz="><img alt="enllaz=" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/ARG_Order_of_May_-_Grand_Officer_BAR.png/30px-ARG_Order_of_May_-_Grand_Officer_BAR.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/ARG_Order_of_May_-_Grand_Officer_BAR.png/45px-ARG_Order_of_May_-_Grand_Officer_BAR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/ARG_Order_of_May_-_Grand_Officer_BAR.png/60px-ARG_Order_of_May_-_Grand_Officer_BAR.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_Officer_of_the_Order_of_May&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grand Officer of the Order of May (la páxina nun esiste)">Grand Officer of the Order of May</a>  : <small><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Alfons%C3%ADn" title="Raúl Alfonsín">Raúl Alfonsín</a></small> <small> (1988)</small> <sup id="cite_ref-df8e6ca916f23068a3c6d1615320c5a6a7a15153_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-df8e6ca916f23068a3c6d1615320c5a6a7a15153-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Seudónimos</th><td> Santerre<sup id="cite_ref-19ea112fa4812189c411d8c76f7356c1ccf0f874_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19ea112fa4812189c411d8c76f7356c1ccf0f874-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: lightsteelblue">Creencies</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Partíu políticu</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Francia_Insumisa" title="Francia Insumisa">Francia Insumisa</a> <small>(dende 2016)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADu_d%27Izquierda" title="Partíu d'Izquierda">Partíu d'Esquierda</a> <small>(dende 2008)</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q170972" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q170972">Partíu Socialista</a> <small>(de 1976 a 2008)</small><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1828329" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1828329">Internationalist Communist Organisation</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1828329?uselang=ast" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small>(de 1972 a 1976)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/IMDb" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></th><td> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1360363">nm1360363</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://melenchon.fr/">melenchon.fr</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheru:Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_signature.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_signature.png/200px-Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_signature.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_signature.png/300px-Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_signature.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_signature.png/400px-Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon_signature.png 2x" data-file-width="993" data-file-height="434" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5829" title="Cambiar los datos en Wikidata"><img alt="Cambiar los datos en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/18px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/24px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jean-Luc Mélenchon</b> (<a href="/wiki/19_d%27agostu" title="19 d'agostu">19 d'agostu</a> de <a href="/wiki/1951" title="1951">1951</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1nxer" title="Tánxer">Tánxer</a>) ye un <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%ADticu" class="mw-redirect" title="Políticu">políticu</a> <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">francés</a>. Miembru del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Part%C3%ADu_Socialista_(Francia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partíu Socialista (Francia) (la páxina nun esiste)">Partíu Socialista</a> a partir de 1976, foi escoyíu conceyal municipal de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massy_(Essonne)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massy (Essonne) (la páxina nun esiste)">Massy</a> en 1983, conceyal del <a href="/wiki/Departamentos_de_Francia" title="Departamentos de Francia">departamentu</a> d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Essonne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Essonne (la páxina nun esiste)">Essonne</a> en 1985 y <a href="/wiki/Senador" class="mw-redirect" title="Senador">senador</a> d'este mesmu departamentu en 1986 (reelixíu en 1995 y 2004). Foi per otra parte ministru delegáu d'Enseñanza profesional de 2000 à 2002, nel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministeriu_d%27Educaci%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_Francia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministeriu d'Educación Nacional de Francia (la páxina nun esiste)">ministeriu d'Educación nacional</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_Lang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jack Lang (la páxina nun esiste)">Jack Lang</a>, sol gobiernu de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cohabitaci%C3%B3n_(pol%C3%ADtica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cohabitación (política) (la páxina nun esiste)">cohabitación</a> del primer ministru <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Jospin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lionel Jospin (la páxina nun esiste)">Lionel Jospin</a>. </p><p>Formó parte de l'ala esquierda del PS hasta que nel congresu de Reims de payares de <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>, decidió dexar el partíu pa crear el <a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADu_d%27Esquierda" class="mw-redirect" title="Partíu d'Esquierda">Partíu d'Esquierda</a> (PG). Foi presidente de la oficina nacional d'esti partíu y dempués copresidente, con <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martine_Billard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Martine Billard (la páxina nun esiste)">Martine Billard</a>, hasta 2014. </p><p>So la bandera del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_d%27Esquierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente d'Esquierda (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente d'Esquierda</a>, una coalición qu'abarca'l PG, el <a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADu_Comunista_Franc%C3%A9s" title="Partíu Comunista Francés">Partíu comunista francés</a> y Esquierda Unitaria, foi escoyíu <a href="/wiki/Eurodiput%C3%A1u" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurodiputáu">eurodiputáu</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Circunscripci%C3%B3n_del_Suroeste_(Francia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Circunscripción del Suroeste (Francia) (la páxina nun esiste)">circunscripción del Suroeste de Francia</a> en 2009 (reelixíu en 2014). Foi'l candidatu d'esta coalición na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Francia_de_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Francia de 2012 (la páxina nun esiste)">elección presidencial de Francia de 2012</a>, na cual llegó cuartu na primer vuelta, con un 11,1 % de los votos. En xunetu de 2015 anunció que quería ser candidatu na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Francia_de_2017&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Francia de 2017 (la páxina nun esiste)">elección presidencial de Francia de 2017</a>, ensin el Frente d'Esquierda, « fora del marcu de los partíos », pa lo que funda'l movimientu « <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francia_insumisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francia insumisa (la páxina nun esiste)">Francia insumisa</a> » en febreru de <a href="/wiki/2016" title="2016">2016</a>. Jean-Luc Mélenchon llogró'l 19,6% de los votos. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografía"><span id="Biograf.C3.ADa"></span>Biografía</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar seición: Biografía" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Biografía"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oríxenes_familiares"><span id="Or.C3.ADxenes_familiares"></span>Oríxenes familiares</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar seición: Oríxenes familiares" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Oríxenes familiares"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jean-Luc Mélenchon ye'l fíu menor de Georges Mélenchon, xefe de correos, y de Jeanine Bayona, profesora de primaria, dambos nacíos franceses en <a href="/wiki/Arxelia" title="Arxelia">Arxelia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nació'l 19 d'agostu 1951 en <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1nxer" title="Tánxer">Tánxer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Marruecos" title="Marruecos">Marruecos</a>), entós <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zona_Internacional_de_T%C3%A1nger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zona Internacional de Tánger (la páxina nun esiste)">zona internacional</a>, onde los sos padres trabayaben.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El so güelu paternu, Antonio Melenchón, yera natural de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mula (la páxina nun esiste)">Mula</a>, llocalidá de la <a href="/wiki/Rex%C3%B3n_de_Murcia" title="Rexón de Murcia">rexón de Murcia</a>. A principios de los años 1900, instalar n'<a href="/wiki/Or%C3%A1n" title="Orán">Orán</a>, n'<a href="/wiki/Colonizaci%C3%B3n_francesa_d%27Arxelia" title="Colonización francesa d'Arxelia">Arxelia entós francesa</a>, y casóse con Aimée Canicio, tamién ella d'orixe español. Pel llau maternu, el so güelu, François Bayona, nació en 1889 cerca de <a href="/wiki/Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Valencia">Valencia</a>, n'España, y casóse con Jeanne Emmanuelle Caserta, una italiana orixinaria de <a href="/wiki/Sicilia" title="Sicilia">Sicilia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En 1962, tres del divorciu de los sos padres, abandona Marruecos, dempués d'estudiar nel llicéu Regnault de Tánger, pa treslladase a Francia ya instalase en <a href="/wiki/Yvetot" title="Yvetot">Yvetot</a>, nel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pa%C3%ADs_de_Caux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="País de Caux (la páxina nun esiste)">País de Caux</a> (<a href="/wiki/Normand%C3%ADa" title="Normandía">Normandía</a>). Camudóse dempués al <a href="/wiki/Jura_(departamentu)" title="Jura (departamentu)">Jura</a>, onde la so madre ye tresferida.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Casáu con Bernadette Abriel mientres la so temporada en <a href="/wiki/Besanz%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Besanzón">Besanzón</a> (y dempués divorciáu), tien una fía, Maryline, nacida en 1974, teniente d'alcalde del cuartu distritu de Lyon dende marzu de 2008 hasta febreru de 2009 y compañera de Gabriel Amard, secretariu nacional del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Part%C3%ADu_d%27Esquierda_Part%C3%ADu_d%27esquierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partíu d'Esquierda Partíu d'esquierda (la páxina nun esiste)">Partíu d'Esquierda Partíu d'esquierda</a> y exalcalde de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viry-Ch%C3%A2tillon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viry-Châtillon (la páxina nun esiste)">Viry-Châtillon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trayectoria_profesional">Trayectoria profesional</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar seición: Trayectoria profesional" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Trayectoria profesional"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Titular d'un grau de filosofía,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pasa a ser corrector na imprenta <i>Néo-Typo</i> de Besanzón,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> paralelamente a los sos estudios. Tamién trabayó na empresa de reloxería Maty y nuna gasolinera.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En 1975, ye profesor nel institutu de la madera de <a href="/wiki/Mouchard_(Jura)" title="Mouchard (Jura)">Mouchard</a> (Jura). En 1976, vuelve a <a href="/wiki/Lons-le-Saunier" title="Lons-le-Saunier">Lons-le-Saunier</a> (Jura), onde ye profesor de francés nun institutu técnicu. </p><p>En 1988, recibe del presidente arxentín <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Alfons%C3%ADn" title="Raúl Alfonsín">Raúl Alfonsín</a>, el primer presidente escoyíu dempués del reestablecimientu de la democracia, el grau de Gran oficial del Orde de mayu al méritu pa la so contribución a la llucha contra la dictadura.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carrera_política"><span id="Carrera_pol.C3.ADtica"></span>Carrera política</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar seición: Carrera política" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Carrera política"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carrera_como_ministru">Carrera como ministru</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar seición: Carrera como ministru" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Carrera como ministru"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/27_de_marzu" title="27 de marzu">27 de marzu</a> de <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> - <a href="/wiki/6_de_mayu" title="6 de mayu">6 de mayu</a> de <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a>: ministru delegáu pola Formación profesional del gobiernu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Jospin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lionel Jospin (la páxina nun esiste)">Lionel Jospin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mandatu_de_senador">Mandatu de senador</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar seición: Mandatu de senador" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Mandatu de senador"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2_d%27ochobre" title="2 d'ochobre">2 d'ochobre</a> de <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a> - <a href="/wiki/27_d%27abril" title="27 d'abril">27 d'abril</a> de <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>; <a href="/wiki/26_de_setiembre" title="26 de setiembre">26 de setiembre</a> de <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> - <a href="/wiki/7_de_xineru" title="7 de xineru">7 de xineru</a> de <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a>: senador d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Essonne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Essonne (la páxina nun esiste)">Essonne</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mandatos_locales">Mandatos locales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar seición: Mandatos locales" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Mandatos locales"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> - <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>: conseyeru municipal de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massy_(Essonne)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massy (Essonne) (la páxina nun esiste)">Massy</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Essonne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Essonne (la páxina nun esiste)">Essonne</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> - <a href="/wiki/1995" title="1995">1995</a>: teniente de alcade de Massy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985" title="1985">1985</a> - <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a>; <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> - <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>; <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a> - <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>: conseyeru xeneral de Essonne pal conceyu de Massy-Ouest</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> - <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>: vicepresidente del conseyu xeneral de Essonne</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mandatu_européu"><span id="Mandatu_europ.C3.A9u"></span>Mandatu européu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar seición: Mandatu européu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Mandatu européu"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_de_xunu" title="7 de xunu">7 de xunu</a> de <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a>: escoyíu <a href="/wiki/Eurodiput%C3%A1u" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurodiputáu">eurodiputáu</a> de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Circunscripci%C3%B3n_del_Suroeste_(Francia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Circunscripción del Suroeste (Francia) (la páxina nun esiste)">circunscripción del Suroeste</a>, sobre la llista <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_d%27Esquierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente d'Esquierda (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente d'Esquierda pa camudar d'Europa</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2012">Eleiciones presidenciales de 2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar seición: Eleiciones presidenciales de 2012" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Eleiciones presidenciales de 2012"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jean-Luc Mélenchon propón la so candidatura pa les eleiciones presidenciales la fecha|21|xineru|2011}}.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Llogra'l sofitu del <a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADu_d%27Esquierda" class="mw-redirect" title="Partíu d'Esquierda">Partíu d'Esquierda</a>, de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esquierda_Unitaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esquierda Unitaria (la páxina nun esiste)">Esquierda Unitaria</a> y de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Federaci%C3%B3n_pa_una_alternativa_social_y_ecol%C3%B3xico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federación pa una alternativa social y ecolóxico (la páxina nun esiste)">Federación pa una alternativa social y ecolóxico</a>. La fecha|5|xunu|2011}}, un 63,6 % de los 800 delegaos del <a href="/wiki/Part%C3%ADu_Comunista_Franc%C3%A9s" title="Partíu Comunista Francés">Partíu Comunista Francés</a>, axuntaos mientres una conferencia nacional en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Montreuil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montreuil (la páxina nun esiste)">Montreuil</a> voten a favor de xune resolvimientu políticu incluyendo la candidatura de Jean-Luc Mélenchon pa les <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Francia_de_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Francia de 2012 (la páxina nun esiste)">elecciones presidenciales de Francia de 2012</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mientres una Consultación interna del Partíu Comunista Francés pa la Eleición presidencial de 2012 en xunu de 2011, los militantes comunistes pronúnciense a favor de la so candidatura (un 59,12 %). Jean-Luc Mélenchon apuerta a entós el candidatu oficial del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_d%27Esquierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente d'Esquierda (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente d'Esquierda</a> pa la Eleición Presidencial de 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>D'alcuerdu a los sondeos previos a la primer vuelta, el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_d%27Esquierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente d'Esquierda (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente d'Esquierda</a> realizaría una bien bona eleición, con una intención de votu d'ente'l 13 y el 17%, lo que-y asitiaría per delantre del centrista <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francois_Bayrou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francois Bayrou (la páxina nun esiste)">Francois Bayrou</a> del MoDem ya inclusive de terceres, per delantre de la candidata del ultraderechista <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_Nacional_(Francia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente Nacional (Francia) (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente Nacional (Francia)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Marine Le Pen</a>, según delles de les últimes encuestes.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sía comoquier, previendo una segunda vuelta ente'l presidente conservador <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a> y el socialista <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francois_Hollande&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francois Hollande (la páxina nun esiste)">Francois Hollande</a>, Melenchon dio a entender mientres la campaña que, en casu de nun algamar la so performance p'aportar a la segunda vuelta, el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_d%27Esquierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente d'Esquierda (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente d'Esquierda</a> sofitaría a Hollande. Afirmó qu'escluyía toa participación nun gobiernu socialista, magar Hollande declaró qu'en casu de ganar les eleiciones abriría la puerta a tolos partíos que lu ayudaríen n'algamar la victoria.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Na eleición presidencial, finalmente los númberos fueron bonos pal Frente d'Esquierda, anque non tanto como s'esperaba nel mes previu al comiciu: Mélenchon allugar nel cuartu llugar col 11.1% del votu popular, detrás de Hollande (28.7%), Sarkozy (27%) y <a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Marine Le Pen</a> (17.9%) y per delantre del centrista <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francois_Bayrou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francois Bayrou (la páxina nun esiste)">Francois Bayrou</a> (9.1%). La mesma nueche de la primer vuelta electoral, mientres celebraba'l constituyise como la "única fuerza político nueva" surdida nes urnes nesa eleición, Mélenchon llamó a los sos siguidores a movilizase na segunda vuelta del 6 de mayu pa "terminar" col gobiernu de <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a>, pidiendo explícitamente el votu pal socialista Hollande. A pesar de dichu sofitu, que s'amontó col correr de los díes previos a la primer vuelta de les eleiciones, Mélenchon negó que'l so Frente d'Esquierda tuviera cuenta de integrase al gobiernu en casu de que Hollande trunfe nes eleiciones. El respaldu de Mélenchon - xunto col de la candidata ecoloxista <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eva_Joly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eva Joly (la páxina nun esiste)">Eva Joly</a> (2.2% de los votos na primer ronda) - foi'l más resonante y claro que llogró Hollande pa la segunda vuelta, yá que Le Pen anunció que votaría en blancu, ente que Bayrou, magar dixo qu'escoyería al socialista a "títulu personal", dexó llibertá d'acción a los sos electores. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contra_l'austeridá_n'Europa_2013"><span id="Contra_l.27austerid.C3.A1_n.27Europa_2013"></span>Contra l'austeridá n'Europa 2013</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar seición: Contra l'austeridá n'Europa 2013" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Contra l'austeridá n'Europa 2013"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El 5 de mayu de 2013 tuvo llugar en Francia una manifestación contra les polítiques d'austeridá convocada pol <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_d%27Esquierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente d'Esquierda (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente d'Esquierda</a> denomada «Cole citoyenne pour la 6y République» dende la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaza_de_la_Bastilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaza de la Bastilla (la páxina nun esiste)">Plaza de la Bastilla</a> a la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaza_de_la_Naci%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaza de la Nación (la páxina nun esiste)">Plaza de la Nación</a> na que se reclamaba una nueva Constitución qu'abra la VI República. Mélenchon manifestó que "Nun queremos al mundu de les finances nel poder, nun queremos les polítiques d'austeridá que faen sufrir a los pueblos d'Europa y conducen a tol continente al desastre", aseguró que la so protesta va "contra'l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golpe_d%27Est%C3%A1u_financieru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golpe d'Estáu financieru (la páxina nun esiste)">golpe d'Estáu financieru</a>" y acusó a la "maldita <a href="/w/index.php?title=Troika_europea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Troika europea (la páxina nun esiste)">troika</a>" y a la "vacida <a href="/wiki/Comisi%C3%B3n_Europea" title="Comisión Europea">Comisión Europea</a>" d'imponer al pueblu "un sufrimientu innecesariu que s'asemeya al sadismu" pa pagar "una delda que nunca va ser paga". Y clamó: "Embaxo'l infame intriga contra'l desgraciáu pueblu griegu, portugués y español".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eleiciones_presidenciales_de_2017">Eleiciones presidenciales de 2017</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar seición: Eleiciones presidenciales de 2017" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Eleiciones presidenciales de 2017"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Según les ONG d'ayuda al desenvolvimientu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acci%C3%B3n_Contra_la_Fame&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acción Contra la Fame (la páxina nun esiste)">Acción Contra la Fame</a>, Action Santé mondiale, Care France y ONE, Jean-Luc Mélenchon ye'l candidatu más comprometíu sobre la tema de la solidaridá internacional.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nes eleiciones presidenciales del 23 d'abril de 2017, Mélenchon llogró'l 19,6% de los votos, quedando en cuarta posición detrás d'<a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> (24%), <a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Marine Le Pen</a> (21,3%) y <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">François Fillon</a> (20%) y delantre de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beno%C3%AEt_Hamon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benoît Hamon (la páxina nun esiste)">Benoît Hamon</a> (6,4%). Esta resultancia supón un aumentu de 7% en comparanza coles <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elecciones_presidenciales_de_Francia_de_2012&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elecciones presidenciales de Francia de 2012 (la páxina nun esiste)">elecciones de 2012</a>. Los candidatos de los partíos tradicionales que nun consiguieron pasar a la segunda ronda (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Los_Republicanos_(Francia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Los Republicanos (Francia) (la páxina nun esiste)">Los Republicanos</a> y el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Part%C3%ADu_Socialista_(Francia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Partíu Socialista (Francia) (la páxina nun esiste)">Partíu Socialista</a>) pidieron el votu por Emmanuel Macron na segunda vuelta, pa lluchar contra'l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frente_Nacional_(Francia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frente Nacional (Francia) (la páxina nun esiste)">Frente Nacional</a>. Mélenchon, na so declaración la nueche de les eleiciones, nun s'asitió al respeutu.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografía"><span id="Bibliograf.C3.ADa"></span>Bibliografía</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editar seición: Bibliografía" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Bibliografía"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>À la conquête du chaos</i>. Ediciones Denoël, 1991</li> <li><i>Rocard, le rendez-vous manqué</i>. Ediciones Denoël, 1994</li> <li><i>Le Nouvel Âge du capitalisme</i> (obra coleutiva). Ediciones L'Harmattan, 1998</li> <li><i>Pour la république sociale</i> (obra coleutiva). Ediciones L'Harmattan, 2002</li> <li><i>Causes républicaines</i>. Ediciones du Seuil, 2004 <small>(reedición de testos publicaos en <i>Le Monde 039;', </i>Marianne<i>, </i>Politis<i>, </i>La Nouvelle Revue socialiste<i>, </i>À Gauche<i>, y otros)</i></small><i>.</i></li> <li><i>En quête de gauche</i>. Ediciones Balland, 2007</li> <li><i>Laïcité: réplique au discours de Nicolas Sarkozy, chanoine de Latran</i>. Edición Bruno Leprince, 2008</li> <li><i>L'Autre Gauche</i>. Edición Bruno Leprince, 2009</li> <li><i>Qu'ils s'en aillent tous</i>. Ediciones Flammarion, 2010 (Que se vaigan toos)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencies">Referencies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editar seición: Referencies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Referencies"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3503771">@media only screen and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .llistaref{column-count:1!important}}</style><div class="llistaref" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9f7af51cbafd9493e425bc910a77707f74fb3afd-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-9f7af51cbafd9493e425bc910a77707f74fb3afd_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-9f7af51cbafd9493e425bc910a77707f74fb3afd_1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/%28num_dept%29/19278">Sycomore</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-377d8e6b4d1df5885cf24f45b2d6f329ed7d1694-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-377d8e6b4d1df5885cf24f45b2d6f329ed7d1694_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Afirmao en: <i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19938912" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q19938912">autoridaes BNF</a></i>. Identificador BnF: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122168626">122168626</a>. Data de consulta: 10 ochobre 2015. Autor: Biblioteca Nacional de Francia. Llingua de la obra o nome: francés.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a060d2ed1d6b07a55d2cd73a238f84c60cf81049-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-a060d2ed1d6b07a55d2cd73a238f84c60cf81049_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">URL de la referencia: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.leparisien.fr/politique/la-passion-latino-de-jean-luc-melenchon-05-09-2019-8145891.php">https://www.leparisien.fr/politique/la-passion-latino-de-jean-luc-melenchon-05-09-2019-8145891.php</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-df8e6ca916f23068a3c6d1615320c5a6a7a15153-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-df8e6ca916f23068a3c6d1615320c5a6a7a15153_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">URL de la referencia: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-jean-luc-melenchon/20111207.RUE6227/douze-trucs-a-savoir-sur-jean-luc-melenchon.html">https://www.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-jean-luc-melenchon/20111207.RUE6227/douze-trucs-a-savoir-sur-jean-luc-melenchon.html</a></i>. Data de consulta: 9 abril 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19ea112fa4812189c411d8c76f7356c1ccf0f874-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19ea112fa4812189c411d8c76f7356c1ccf0f874_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">URL de la referencia: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/180715/crise-finale-au-poi-ou-le-lambertisme-en-voie-d-extinction?onglet=full">https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/180715/crise-finale-au-poi-ou-le-lambertisme-en-voie-d-extinction?onglet=full</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Jean-Louis Beaucarnot (26 de marzu de 2012). «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rfgenealogie.com/content/view/full/116254">Mélenchon : entre la Mancha et la Sicile !</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>. Consultáu'l 1 d'avientu de 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0">7,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-1">7,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Vanessa Schneider (27 d'abril de 2000). «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liberation.fr/portrait/2000/04/27/jean-luc-melenchon-48-ans-ex-grande-gueule-du-ps-rentre-dans-le-rang-avec-celui-de-ministre-delegue-_321446">Jean-Luc Mélenchon, 48 ans, ex-grande gueule du PS, rentre dans le rang avec celui de ministre délégué. L'importuniste.</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>. Consultáu'l 1 d'avientu de 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170227233247/http://www.republique-des-lettres.fr/11345-jean-luc-melenchon.php">Jean-Luc Mélenchon</a>». Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.republique-des-lettres.fr/11345-jean-luc-melenchon.php">orixinal</a>, el 27 de febreru de 2017. Consultáu'l 1 d'avientu de 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.fr/france/52723/jean-luc-melenchon-conflits-interet-transparence">Jean-Luc Mélenchon et les conflits d'intérêt</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span> (5 d'abril de 2012).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/tag/jean-luc-melenchon">Jean-Luc Mélenchon</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-0">11,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_11-1">11,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senat.fr/seances/s199911/s19991104/sc19991104012.html">Séance du 4 novembre 1999</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span> (4 de payares de 1999).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation cita-Journal"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"> (en francés)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-jean-luc-melenchon/20111207.RUE6227/douze-trucs-a-savoir-sur-jean-luc-melenchon.html"><i>Douze trucs à savoir sur Jean-Luc Mélenchon</i></a>. L'Obs<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-jean-luc-melenchon/20111207.RUE6227/douze-trucs-a-savoir-sur-jean-luc-melenchon.html">http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/rue89/rue89-jean-luc-melenchon/20111207.RUE6227/douze-trucs-a-savoir-sur-jean-luc-melenchon.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultáu'l 6 d'agostu de 2017</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Douze+trucs+%C3%A0+savoir+sur+Jean-Luc+M%C3%A9lenchon&rft.pub=L%27Obs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftempsreel.nouvelobs.com%2Frue89%2Frue89-jean-luc-melenchon%2F20111207.RUE6227%2Fdouze-trucs-a-savoir-sur-jean-luc-melenchon.html&rfr_id=info:sid/ast.wikipedia.org:Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">TFI-LCI. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110123224241/http://lci.tf1.fr/politique/melenchon-partant-pour-2012-6232547.html">Mélenchon partant pour 2012</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>. Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lci.tf1.fr/politique/melenchon-partant-pour-2012-6232547.html">orixinal</a>, el 23 de xineru de 2011. Consultáu'l 21 de xineru de 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Le Figaro (5 de xunu de 2011). «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2011/06/05/01002-20110605ARTFIG00123-melenchon-n-attend-plus-que-le-vote-des-militants-du-pcf.php">Mélenchon n'attend plus que le vote des militants du PCF</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Le Figaro (19 de xunu de 2011). «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2011/06/18/01002-20110618ARTFIG00488-le-pcf-choisit-melenchon-pour-2012.php">Le PCF choisit Mélenchon pour 2012</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Miguel Mora, corresponsal en París (16 d'abril de 2012). «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://internacional.elpais.com/internacional/2012/04/16/actualidad/1334593357_643547.html">Mélenchon canaliza la cólera contra los mercados</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span>.  internacional.elpais.com. Consultáu'l 21 d'abril de 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120423181406/http://www.france24.com/fr/20120419-chronique-campagne-francois-hollande-ps-jean-luc-melenchon-front-de-gauche-election-presidentielle-france-2012">Mélenchon exclut toute participation à un gouvernement Hollande</a>» <span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d)">(francés)</span></span> (20/04/2012). Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.france24.com/fr/20120419-chronique-campagne-francois-hollande-ps-jean-luc-melenchon-front-de-gauche-election-presidentielle-france-2012">orixinal</a>, el 2012-04-23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.publico.es/internacional/454790/multitudinaria-marcha-contra-la-austeridad-en-paris">Multitudinaria marcha contra la austeridad en París</a> Público (España), 5/5/2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240303122735/https://www.lepartidegauche.fr/actualites/actualite/toutes-les-actualites-informations-sur-la-marche-citoyenne-5-mai-2013-pour-la-6eme-republique-22296/">Toutes les actualités et informations sur la marche citoyenne du 5 05 2013 pour la 6e république</a>». Archiváu dende l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lepartidegauche.fr/actualites/actualite/toutes-les-actualites-informations-sur-la-marche-citoyenne-5-mai-2013-pour-la-6eme-republique-22296">orixinal</a>, el 2024-03-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sinpermiso.info/articulos/ficheros/gauche.pdf">¡Abajo la austeridad!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130825185736/http://www.sinpermiso.info/articulos/ficheros/gauche.pdf">Archiváu</a> 2013-08-25 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dick_Nichols&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dick Nichols (la páxina nun esiste)">Dick Nichols</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sin_permiso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sin permiso (la páxina nun esiste)">Sin permiso</a>, 12 d'abril de 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation cita-Journal"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"> (en francés)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2017/02/01/les-candidats-a-la-presidentielle-evalues-par-les-ong-d-aide-au-developpement_5072744_3234.html"><i>Les candidats à la présidentielle évalués par les ONG d’aide au développement</i></a>. Le Monde.fr<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2017/02/01/les-candidats-a-la-presidentielle-evalues-par-les-ong-d-aide-au-developpement_5072744_3234.html">http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2017/02/01/les-candidats-a-la-presidentielle-evalues-par-les-ong-d-aide-au-developpement_5072744_3234.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultáu'l 24 de marzu de 2017</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+candidats+%C3%A0+la+pr%C3%A9sidentielle+%C3%A9valu%C3%A9s+par+les+ONG+d%E2%80%99aide+au+d%C3%A9veloppement&rft.pub=Le+Monde.fr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Feconomie%2Farticle%2F2017%2F02%2F01%2Fles-candidats-a-la-presidentielle-evalues-par-les-ong-d-aide-au-developpement_5072744_3234.html&rfr_id=info:sid/ast.wikipedia.org:Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation cita-Journal"><span style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);"> (en francés)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/presidentielle-2017/20170424.OBS8418/pas-de-conseñe-de-vote-l-forna-melenchon-maintient-le-cap.html"><i>Pas de conseñe de vote : l'équipe Mélenchon maintient le cap</i></a>. L'Obs<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/presidentielle-2017/20170424.OBS8418/pas-de-conseñe-de-vote-l-forna-melenchon-maintient-le-cap.html">http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/presidentielle-2017/20170424.OBS8418/pas-de-conseñe-de-vote-l-forna-melenchon-maintient-le-cap.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultáu'l 24 d'abril de 2017</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pas+de+conse%C3%B1e+de+vote+%3A+l%27%C3%A9quipe+M%C3%A9lenchon+maintient+le+cap&rft.pub=L%27Obs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftempsreel.nouvelobs.com%2Fpresidentielle-2017%2F20170424.OBS8418%2Fpas-de-conse%C3%B1e-de-vote-l-forna-melenchon-maintient-le-cap.html&rfr_id=info:sid/ast.wikipedia.org:Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaces_esternos">Enllaces esternos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editar seición: Enllaces esternos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon&action=edit&section=14" title="Editar el código fuente de la sección: Enllaces esternos"><span>editar la fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks commons navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=ast">Wikimedia Commons</a> acueye conteníu multimedia sobre <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jean-Luc_M%C3%A9lenchon" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jean-Luc Mélenchon">Jean-Luc Mélenchon</a></b></i>.</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jean-luc-melenchon.fr/">Blogue de Jean-Luc Mélenchon</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2260362">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{display:flex;padding:0.5em;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;background-color:#eaecf0;color:#222222}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="mw-authority-control navigation-not-searchable"><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4075543">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_d&#039;autoridaes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_d&#039;autoridaes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ayuda:Control_d%27autoridaes" title="Ayuda:Control d'autoridaes">Control d'autoridaes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Proyeutos Wikimedia</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datos:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5829" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q5829">Q5829</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jean-Luc_Mélenchon">Jean-Luc Mélenchon</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identificadores</b></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/228226857">WorldCat</a></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/228226857/">228226857</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000363866605">0000000363866605</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_d%27Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional d'España">BNE</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX5552977">XX5552977</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122168626">122168626</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb122168626">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/132223880">132223880</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n91116354">n91116354</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA14470658">DA14470658</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030831822">030831822</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" title="BIBSYS">BIBSYS</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/11021449">11021449</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datos:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5829" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q5829">Q5829</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jean-Luc_Mélenchon">Jean-Luc Mélenchon</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Sacáu de «<a dir="ltr" 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