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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Penggambaran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penggambaran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Penggambaran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penggambaran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_agama_Majusi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_agama_Majusi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dalam agama Majusi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalam_agama_Majusi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_agama_Yahudi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_agama_Yahudi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dalam agama Yahudi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalam_agama_Yahudi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_agama_Kristen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_agama_Kristen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dalam agama Kristen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dalam_agama_Kristen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Dalam agama Kristen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dalam_agama_Kristen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Katolik_Roma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katolik_Roma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Katolik Roma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katolik_Roma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ortodoks_Timur_dan_Ortodoks_Oriental" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ortodoks_Timur_dan_Ortodoks_Oriental"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Ortodoks Timur dan Ortodoks Oriental</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ortodoks_Timur_dan_Ortodoks_Oriental-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protestan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protestan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Protestan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protestan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restorasionis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restorasionis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Restorasionis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restorasionis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_agama_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_agama_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dalam agama Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalam_agama_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_tradisi-tradisi_keagamaan_lainnya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_tradisi-tradisi_keagamaan_lainnya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Dalam tradisi-tradisi keagamaan lainnya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalam_tradisi-tradisi_keagamaan_lainnya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_seni-budaya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_seni-budaya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Dalam seni-budaya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalam_seni-budaya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dalam_budaya_populer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dalam_budaya_populer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Dalam budaya populer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dalam_budaya_populer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_Pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_Pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Lihat Pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_Pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Malaikat Agung</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 60 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A1nchel" title="Arcánchel – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arcánchel" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%83%D8%A9" title="رؤساء ملائكة – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رؤساء ملائكة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%87" title="رؤساء الملايكه – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رؤساء الملايكه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A1nxel" title="Arcánxel – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arcánxel" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arxangel_(m%C9%99l%C9%99k)" title="Arxangel (mələk) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Arxangel (mələk)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanghel" title="Arkanghel – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Arkanghel" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%BB" title="Арханёл – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арханёл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%BB" title="Арханёл – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арханёл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Архангел – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Архангел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4" title="প্রধান দেবদূত – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রধান দেবদূত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A0ngel" title="Arcàngel – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arcàngel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archand%C4%9Bl" title="Archanděl – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Archanděl" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Archangel" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86rkeengel" title="Ærkeengel – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ærkeengel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erzengel" title="Erzengel – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erzengel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Αρχάγγελος – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρχάγγελος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Archangel" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88efan%C4%9Delo" title="Ĉefanĝelo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉefanĝelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%C3%A1ngel" title="Arcángel – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arcángel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goiaingeru" title="Goiaingeru – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Goiaingeru" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="فرشتگان مقرب – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرشتگان مقرب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkkienkeli" title="Arkkienkeli – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Arkkienkeli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archange" title="Archange – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Archange" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aartsingel" title="Aartsingel – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Aartsingel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80rd-aingeal" title="Àrd-aingeal – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Àrd-aingeal" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcanxo" title="Arcanxo – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arcanxo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkan%C4%91eo" title="Arkanđeo – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arkanđeo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akanj" title="Akanj – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Akanj" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C5%91angyal" title="Főangyal – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Főangyal" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հրեշտակապետեր – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հրեշտակապետեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erkiengill" title="Erkiengill – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Erkiengill" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcangelo" title="Arcangelo – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arcangelo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF" title="大天使 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大天使" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="მთავარანგელოზი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მთავარანგელოზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%9C%EC%82%AC" title="대천사 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대천사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archangelus" title="Archangelus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Archangelus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84erzengel" title="Äerzengel – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Äerzengel" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkangelas" title="Arkangelas – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Arkangelas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erce%C5%86%C4%A3elis" title="Erceņģelis – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Erceņģelis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkanjely" title="Arkanjely – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Arkanjely" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaikat_Utama" title="Malaikat Utama – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Malaikat Utama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aartsengel" title="Aartsengel – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aartsengel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erkeengel" title="Erkeengel – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Erkeengel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erkeengel" title="Erkeengel – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Erkeengel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archanio%C5%82" title="Archanioł – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Archanioł" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcanjo" title="Arcanjo – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arcanjo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhanghel" title="Arhanghel – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arhanghel" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Архангел – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Архангел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arhan%C4%91eo" title="Arhanđeo – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Arhanđeo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archanjel" title="Archanjel – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Archanjel" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryeengj%C3%ABlli" title="Kryeengjëlli – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kryeengjëlli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%92%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Арханђел – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Арханђел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84rke%C3%A4nglar" title="Ärkeänglar – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ärkeänglar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaika_mkuu" title="Malaika mkuu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Malaika mkuu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C" title="อัครทูตสวรรค์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัครทูตสวรรค์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_melekler" title="Büyük melekler – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Büyük melekler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Архангел – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Архангел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%81" title="مقرب فرشتہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مقرب فرشتہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_l%C3%A3nh_thi%C3%AAn_th%E1%BA%A7n" title="Tổng lãnh thiên thần – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổng lãnh thiên thần" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paolo_de_Matteis_-_The_Annunciation.jpg/300px-Paolo_de_Matteis_-_The_Annunciation.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="344" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Paolo_de_Matteis_-_The_Annunciation.jpg/450px-Paolo_de_Matteis_-_The_Annunciation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Paolo_de_Matteis_-_The_Annunciation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><i>Anunsiasi</i> karya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paolo_de_Matteis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paolo de Matteis (halaman belum tersedia)">Paolo de Matteis</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Malaikat Agung</b> atau <b>Penghulu Malaikat</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Archangelus</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>: <span lang="el">Αρχάγγελος, Arkanggelos</span>) adalah <a href="/wiki/Malaikat" title="Malaikat">malaikat</a> yang berpangkat tinggi. Banyak agama meyakini keberadaan makhluk-makluk gaib dengan penggambaran yang mirip sekali dengan Malaikat Agung, tetapi istilah "Malaikat Agung" lazimnya berkaitan dengan <a href="/wiki/Agama_Abrahamik" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Abrahamik">agama-agama Abrahamik</a>. </p><p>Istilah "Malaikat Agung" maupun "Penghulu Malaikat" adalah frasa yang digunakan sebagai padanan kata <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">Yunani</a> <i>Αρχάγγελος, Arkanggelos</i>, gabungan kata <span lang="grc">ἀρχι</span>-, <i>arki</i>, yang berarti "penghulu" atau "ketua", dan kata <span lang="grc">άγγελος</span>, <i>anggelos</i>, yang berarti "duta", yakni padanan Yunani untuk kata <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ibrani" title="Bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a>, מַלְאָךְ, <i>mal'ák</i>, yang dapat diartikan sebagai "malaikat" maupun "duta".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penggambaran">Penggambaran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Penggambaran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penggambaran"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Houten_beeld_voorstellende_een_christelijke_aartsengel_in_de_gedaante_van_een_Javaanse_(hindoe)_vorst_met_bijbehorende_houten_kist_TMnr_5969-66b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Houten_beeld_voorstellende_een_christelijke_aartsengel_in_de_gedaante_van_een_Javaanse_%28hindoe%29_vorst_met_bijbehorende_houten_kist_TMnr_5969-66b.jpg/252px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="252" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Houten_beeld_voorstellende_een_christelijke_aartsengel_in_de_gedaante_van_een_Javaanse_%28hindoe%29_vorst_met_bijbehorende_houten_kist_TMnr_5969-66b.jpg/379px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Houten_beeld_voorstellende_een_christelijke_aartsengel_in_de_gedaante_van_een_Javaanse_%28hindoe%29_vorst_met_bijbehorende_houten_kist_TMnr_5969-66b.jpg/504px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="797" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Penggambaran Malaikat Agung dengan gaya Jawa</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Mikhael" title="Mikhael">Mikhael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>, serta <a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a> dikenal sebagai malaikat-malaikat agung dalam agama <a href="/wiki/Agama_Kristen" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Kristen">Kristen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agama_Yahudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Yahudi">Yahudi</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Agama_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Islam">Islam</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kitab_Tobit" title="Kitab Tobit">Kitab Tobit</a>—diakui sebagai bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Alkitab" title="Alkitab">Alkitab</a> oleh <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Katolik" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Katolik">Gereja Katolik</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Ortodoks">Ortodoks</a>, tetapi dianggap <a href="/wiki/Apokrifa_Alkitab" title="Apokrifa Alkitab">apokrif</a> di kalangan Protestan—meriwayatkan tentang Rafael, yang juga dianggap salah satu malaikat agung. Malaikat Agung Gabriel, Malaikat Agung Mikhael, dan Malaikat Agung Rafael dihormati dalam <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Katolik_Roma" title="Gereja Katolik Roma">Gereja Katolik Roma</a> yang memperingatinya setiap tanggal 29 September (sejak 1921 sampai 1969, Malaikat Agung Gabriel diperingati setiap tanggal 24 Maret, dan Malaikat Agung Rafael diperingati setiap tanggal 24 Oktober). <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Gereja Ortodoks Timur</a> memperingati ketiga malaikat agung ini setiap tanggal 8 November (menurut penanggalan Julian, yang bertepatan dengan tanggal 21 November dalam kalender Gregorian). Malaikat-malaikat agung dalam agama Islam adalah Jibril (Gabriel), Mika'il (Mikhael), <a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Izrail" class="mw-redirect" title="Izrail">Malak al-Maut</a>. Kitab-kitab dalam khazanah susastra Yahudi, seperti <a href="/wiki/Kitab_Henokh" title="Kitab Henokh">Kitab Henokh</a>, menyebut <a href="/wiki/Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a> sebagai malaikat agung, berjulukan "yang tertinggi di antara para malaikat", meskipun tidak semua sekte dalam agama Yahudi mengakuinya. </p><p>Beberapa sekte Yahudi mengaku mengenal sekumpulan <a href="/wiki/Tujuh_Malaikat_Agung" title="Tujuh Malaikat Agung">Tujuh Malaikat Agung</a>, namun nama malaikat-malaikat dalam kumpulan ini berbeda-beda dari satu sekte ke sekte lainnya. Gabriel, Mikhael, dan Rafael selalu termasuk anggota kumpulan ini; nama empat malaikat lainnya berbeda-beda, tetapi kebanyakan memasukkan <a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a>, yang termaktub namanya dalam <i><a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">Kitab Ezra II</a></i>. </p><p>Naskah-naskah suci agama <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianisme" title="Zoroastrianisme">Majusi</a> menyinggung tentang Enam <a href="/wiki/Amesha_Spenta" title="Amesha Spenta">Amesya Spenta</a> Agung (Amesya Spenta secara harfiah berarti "Makhluk-Makhluk Abadi Yang Pemurah/Suci")<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dari <a href="/wiki/Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Ahura Mazda</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_agama_Majusi">Dalam agama Majusi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam agama Majusi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam agama Majusi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Lihat pula: <a href="/wiki/Amesha_Spenta" title="Amesha Spenta">Amesha Spenta</a></div> <p>Semakin banyak pakar antropologi, teologi, dan filsafat yang meyakini bahwa ajaran agama Majusi memuat sari-sari kepercayaan purba akan malaikat-malaikat.<sup id="cite_ref-Boyce_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boyce-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Para <a href="/wiki/Amesha_Spenta" title="Amesha Spenta">Amesya Spenta</a> dalam ajaran Majusi mirip dengan malaikat-malaikat agung. Masing-masing mendiami raga abadi yang berkarya di alam ragawi untuk melindungi, menuntun, serta mengilhami umat manusia, dan di alam rohani. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zend_Awesta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zend Awesta (halaman belum tersedia)">Kitab Awesta</a> membabarkan asal-muasal serta hakikat para malaikat agung atau Amesya Spenta ini.<sup id="cite_ref-Boyce_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boyce-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Demi menjaga keseimbangan, Ahura Mazda melakukan tindakan penciptaan yang pertama, memancarkan Roh Sucinya, Spenta Mainyu, Malaikat Agung Kebajikan. Ahura Mazda juga memancarkan dari dirinya enam Amesya Spenta, yang bersama-sama dengan Spenta Mainyu membantu penciptaan semesta alam ragawi. Selanjutnya ia memantau perkembangan enam belas negeri, masing-masing telah diresapi dengan kekuatan budaya tersendiri yang dirancang untuk mendorong terbentuknya populasi-populasi umat manusia yang berlainan satu sama lain. Para Amesya Spenta ditugaskan untuk menjaga tanah-tanah suci itu dan dengan dipancarkannya mereka, diyakini pula telah menghubungkan masing-masing populasi dengan Tuhan.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Para Amesya Spenta (amesya berarti abadi & spenta berarti kecemerlangan dan kebajikan) sebagai sifat-sifat Tuhan adalah: </p> <ol><li>Spenta Mainyu (bahasa Pahlawi, Spenamino): arti harfiah, 'Roh Kelimpahan'</li> <li>Asya Wahisyta (bahasa Pahlawi, Ardwahisyt): arti harfiah, 'Kebenaran Tertinggi'</li> <li>Wohu Mano (bahasa Pahlawi, Wohuman): arti harfiah, 'Akal Budi yang Benar'</li> <li>Khsyathra Wairya (bahasa Pahlawi, Syahrewar): arti harfiah, 'Wewenang yang Berkenan'</li> <li>Spenta Armaiti (bahasa Pahlawi, Spandarmad): arti harfiah, 'Kesalehan yang Suci'</li> <li>Haurwatat (bahasa Pahlawi, Hordad): arti harfiah, 'Kesempurnaan' atau 'Kesehatan'</li> <li>Ameretat (bahasa Pahlawi, Amurdad): arti harfiah, 'Keabadian'</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_agama_Yahudi">Dalam agama Yahudi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam agama Yahudi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam agama Yahudi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel.jpg/220px-Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel.jpg/330px-Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel.jpg/440px-Jacob_Wrestling_with_the_Angel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="795" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yakub" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Yakub">Yakub</a> bergumul dengan Malaikat, karya <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9" title="Gustave Doré">Gustave Doré</a> 1885</figcaption></figure> <p>Malaikat dalam bahasa Ibrani adalah "malakh," artinya pesuruh atau pengemban amanat, karena para malaikat diutus Tuhan untuk melaksanakan berbagai tugas. <a href="/wiki/Alkitab_Ibrani" title="Alkitab Ibrani">Alkitab Ibrani</a> menggunakan istilah-istilah seperti מלאכי אלוהים (<i>malakhi Elohim</i>; Malaikat Allah),<sup id="cite_ref-chabad_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chabad-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> מלאכ י י (<i>malakhi Adonai</i>; Malaikat Tuhan),<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> בני אלוהים (<i>b'nai elohim</i>; putra-putra Allah), dan הקדושים (<i>ha-q'dosyim</i>; yang kudus) untuk menyebut makhluk-makhluk yang turun-temurun ditafsirkan sebagai <i>para pesuruh surgawi</i>. Istilah-istilah lain digunakan dalam naskah-naskah yang lebih kemudian, misalnya העליונים (ha-elyonim, <i>yang ada di tempat tinggi</i>, atau <i>yang ada di puncak</i>). Sesungguhnya para malaikat tidak lazim dijumpai dalam kitab-kitab kecuali dalam kitab-kitab yang ditulis lebih kemudian seperti <a href="/wiki/Kitab_Daniel" title="Kitab Daniel">Kitab Daniel</a>, walaupun malaikat secara singkat dikisahkan dalam riwayat <a href="/wiki/Yakub" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Yakub">Yakub</a> (yang, menurut beberapa tafsiran, bergumul dengan sesosok malaikat) dan <a href="/wiki/Lot" title="Lot">Lot</a> (yang mendapat peringatan dari para malaikat menjelang penghancuran <a href="/wiki/Sodom_dan_Gomora" title="Sodom dan Gomora">Sodom dan Gomora</a>). <a href="/wiki/Daniel" title="Daniel">Daniel</a> adalah tokoh Alkitab pertama yang menyebut malaikat dengan nama.<sup id="cite_ref-jpmmbk_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpmmbk-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oleh karena itulah secara luas diduga bahwa ketertarikan umat Yahudi pada para malaikat berkembang semasa <a href="/wiki/Pembuangan_ke_Babilonia" title="Pembuangan ke Babilonia">pembuangan Babel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menurut <a href="/wiki/Rabbi" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabbi">Rabbi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simeon_ben_Lakisy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simeon ben Lakisy (halaman belum tersedia)">Simeon ben Lakisy</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias">Tiberias</a> (230–270 Masehi), nama-nama tertentu bagi malaikat-malaikat dibawa oleh umat Yahudi sekembalinya dari <a href="/wiki/Babel" class="mw-disambig" title="Babel">Babel</a>. </p><p>Tidak ada keterangan jelas mengenai malaikat-malaikat agung dalam naskah-naskah <a href="/wiki/Kanon_Alkitab" title="Kanon Alkitab">kanonik</a> <a href="/wiki/Alkitab_Ibrani" title="Alkitab Ibrani">Alkitab Ibrani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Lama" title="Perjanjian Lama">Perjanjian Lama</a>). Dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yudaisme_Rabani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yudaisme Rabani (halaman belum tersedia)">Agama Yahudi pasca-Alkitab</a>, malaikat-malaikat tertentu kelak memiliki arti penting tertentu serta memiliki kepribadian dan peranan tersendiri. Walaupun malaikat-malaikat agung ini diyakini berpangkat tinggi di antara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bala_tentara_surga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bala tentara surga (halaman belum tersedia)">bala tentara surga</a>, tidak ada upaya untuk membuat suatu susunan hierarki. <a href="/wiki/Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a> dianggap sebagai salah satu malaikat tertinggi dalam ajaran mistik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mistisisme_Merkaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mistisisme Merkaba (halaman belum tersedia)">Merkava</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kabala" title="Kabala">kabala</a> serta kerap bertugas sebagai juru tulis. Metatron disebut secara ringkas dalam Talmud,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan tampil menonjol dalam tulisan-tulisan mistik Merkava. Mikhael, yang bertugas sebagai petarung dan pembela Israel (<a href="/wiki/Kitab_Daniel" title="Kitab Daniel">Daniel</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Daniel&chapter=10:13#KJV">10:13:KJV</a></span>), dikagumi secara khusus. Gabriel diriwayatkan dalam Kitab Daniel (<a href="/wiki/Kitab_Daniel" title="Kitab Daniel">Daniel</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Daniel&chapter=8:15-17#KJV">8:15-17:KJV</a></span>) dan secara ringkas disebut dalam Talmud,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan banyak tulisan-tulisan mistik Merkava. Penyebutan terawal tentang para malaikat agung terdapat dalam karya-karya tulis yang berasal dari periode di antara penyusunan Alkitab Perjanjian Lama dan Alkitab Perjanjian Baru (misalnya, 4 <a href="/wiki/Esdras" title="Esdras">Ezra</a> 4:36). </p><p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Kabala" title="Kabala">Kabala</a> ada sepuluh malaikat agung, masing-masing terkait dengan satu sefira: <a href="/wiki/Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raziel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raziel (halaman belum tersedia)">Raziel</a> (atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jofiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jofiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Jofiel</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tzafqiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tzafqiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Tzafkiel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tzadkiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tzadkiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Tzadkiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamael" title="Kamael">Kamael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haniel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haniel (halaman belum tersedia)">Haniel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikhael" title="Mikhael">Mikhael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Sandalfon" class="mw-redirect" title="Sandalfon">Sandalfon</a>. Bab 20 dari <a href="/wiki/Kitab_Henokh" title="Kitab Henokh">Kitab Henokh</a> menyebut tujuh malaikat kudus yang berjaga-jaga, yang sering kali dianggap sebagai tujuh penghulu malaikat: Mikhael, Rafael, Gabriel, <a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sariel" title="Sariel">Saraqael</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raguel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raguel (halaman belum tersedia)">Raguel</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Remiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Remiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Remiel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oxford_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxford-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Riwayat_Adam_dan_Hawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riwayat Adam dan Hawa (halaman belum tersedia)">Riwayat Adam dan Hawa</a> juga memuat daftar para penghulu malaikat: Mikhael, Gabriel, Uriel, Rafael, dan Yoel. <a href="/wiki/Moses_Maimonides" class="mw-redirect" title="Moses Maimonides">Maimonides</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filsafat_Yahudi" title="Filsafat Yahudi">filsuf Yahudi</a> Abad Pertengahan, menyusun suatu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hierarki_malaikat_Yahudi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hierarki malaikat Yahudi (halaman belum tersedia)">hierarki malaikat Yahudi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_agama_Kristen">Dalam agama Kristen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam agama Kristen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam agama Kristen"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Guido_Reni_031.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Guido_Reni_031.jpg/220px-Guido_Reni_031.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Guido_Reni_031.jpg/330px-Guido_Reni_031.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Guido_Reni_031.jpg/440px-Guido_Reni_031.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="2358" /></a><figcaption>Malaikat Agung Mikhael menginjak Lusifer, <a href="/wiki/Guido_Reni" title="Guido Reni">Guido Reni</a>, 1636.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Perjanjian_Baru" title="Perjanjian Baru">Perjanjian Baru</a> beberapa kali menyebutkan tentang para <a href="/wiki/Malaikat" title="Malaikat">malaikat</a>, tetapi hanya dua kali menggunakan kata "penghulu malaikat", dalam <a href="/wiki/1_Tesalonika" class="mw-redirect" title="1 Tesalonika">1 Tesalonika</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=1+Tesalonika&chapter=4:16#">4:16</a></span> ("Sebab pada waktu tanda diberi, yaitu pada waktu penghulu malaikat berseru dan sangkakala Allah berbunyi, maka Tuhan sendiri akan turun dari sorga dan mereka yang mati dalam Kristus akan lebih dahulu bangkit") dan <a href="/wiki/Surat_Yudas" title="Surat Yudas">Yudas</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Yudas&chapter=1:9#">1:9</a></span> ("Tetapi penghulu malaikat, Mikhael, ketika dalam suatu perselisihan bertengkar dengan Iblis mengenai mayat Musa, tidak berani menghakimi Iblis itu dengan kata-kata hujatan, tetapi berkata: "Kiranya Tuhan menghardik engkau!"). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Katolik_Roma">Katolik Roma</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Katolik Roma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Katolik Roma"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam ajaran Katolik Roma, ada tiga malaikat agung yang disebutkan namanya: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhael" title="Mikhael">Mikhael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a></li></ul> <p>Rafael sendiri menyatakan jati dirinya dalam <a href="/wiki/Tobit" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobit">Tobit</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Tobit&chapter=12:15#">12:15</a></span> sebagai berikut: "Aku ini Rafael, satu dari ketujuh malaikat yang melayani di hadapan Tuhan yang mulia." </p><p><a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">Kitab Ezra Keempat</a>, yang menyebut-nyebut tentang Malaikat <a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a>, pernah populer di Barat dan kerap dikutip oleh para Bapa Gereja, khususnya <a href="/wiki/Ambrosius" title="Ambrosius">Ambrosius</a>, tetapi tidak pernah dianggap sebagai bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Kanon_Alkitab" title="Kanon Alkitab">Kanon Alkitab</a> Katolik.<sup id="cite_ref-souvay_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-souvay-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tidak ada pengakuan resmi dari Gereja Katolik mengenai nama-nama malaikat dalam kitab-kitab apokrif, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raguel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raguel (halaman belum tersedia)">Raguel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sariel" title="Sariel">Saraqael</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Remiel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kitab_Henokh" title="Kitab Henokh">Kitab Henokh</a>), ataupun Izidkiel, Hanael, dan Kefarel (kitab-kitab sejenis).<sup id="cite_ref-driscoll_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-driscoll-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ortodoks_Timur_dan_Ortodoks_Oriental">Ortodoks Timur dan Ortodoks Oriental</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Ortodoks Timur dan Ortodoks Oriental" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ortodoks Timur dan Ortodoks Oriental"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Herodion_of_Patras_and_Archangel_Selaphiel_(1840,_Russia).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Herodion_of_Patras_and_Archangel_Selaphiel_%281840%2C_Russia%29.jpg/220px-Herodion_of_Patras_and_Archangel_Selaphiel_%281840%2C_Russia%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Herodion_of_Patras_and_Archangel_Selaphiel_%281840%2C_Russia%29.jpg/330px-Herodion_of_Patras_and_Archangel_Selaphiel_%281840%2C_Russia%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Herodion_of_Patras_and_Archangel_Selaphiel_%281840%2C_Russia%29.jpg/440px-Herodion_of_Patras_and_Archangel_Selaphiel_%281840%2C_Russia%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Herodion dan Patras dan Malaikat Agung Selafiel</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Archangels.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Archangels.JPG/220px-Archangels.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Archangels.JPG/330px-Archangels.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Archangels.JPG/440px-Archangels.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1356" data-file-height="1652" /></a><figcaption><i>Dewan Malaikat</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ikon" class="mw-disambig" title="Ikon">ikon</a> ketujuh malaikat agung dalam <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Gereja Ortodoks Timur</a>, dari kiri ke kanan: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yegudiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yegudiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Yegudiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Selafiel" title="Selafiel">Selafiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikhael" title="Mikhael">Mikhael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barakhiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barakhiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Barakhiel</a>. Di bawah <a href="/wiki/Mandorla" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandorla">mandorla</a> Kristus-<a href="/wiki/Imanuel" title="Imanuel">Imanuel (Allah beserta kita)</a> terdapat gambar <a href="/wiki/Kerub" title="Kerub">Kerubim</a> (biru) dan <a href="/wiki/Serafim" title="Serafim">Serafim</a> (merah).</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Tradisi_Suci" title="Tradisi Suci">Tradisi</a> <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Ortodoks Timur</a> menyebut-nyebut tentang keberadaan "ribuan malaikat agung;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> namun hanya <a href="/wiki/Tujuh_Malaikat_Agung" title="Tujuh Malaikat Agung">tujuh</a> di antaranya yang disebutkan namanya.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Uriel termasuk di antaranya, serta tiga malaikat yang sering kali disebut dengan nama <a href="/wiki/Selafiel" title="Selafiel">Selafiel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yegudiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yegudiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Yegudiel</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barakhiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barakhiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Barakhiel</a> (<i>malaikat yang kedelapan</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeremiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yeremiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Yeremiel</a>, kadang-kala diikutkan pula sebagai malaikat agung).<sup id="cite_ref-Ohrid_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ohrid-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gereja Ortodoks merayakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinaksis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinaksis (halaman belum tersedia)">Sinaksis</a> Malaikat Agung Mikhael dan <a href="/wiki/Malaikat" title="Malaikat">Kuasa-Kuasa Tanpa Raga</a> lainnya setiap tanggal 8 November dalam <a href="/wiki/Kalender_Julian" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalender Julian">Kalender Iulianum</a> (21 November dalam <a href="/wiki/Kalender_Gregorian" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalender Gregorian">Kalender Gregorianum</a>). <a href="/wiki/Kalender_santo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalender santo">Hari-hari peringatan</a> lainnya yang masih bersangkut-paut dengan malaikat agung di antaranya adalah Sinaksis Malaikat Agung Gabriel setiap tanggal 26 Maret (8 April), dan <a href="/wiki/Mukjizat" title="Mukjizat">Mukjizat</a> Malaikat Agung Mikhael di <a href="/wiki/Kolose" title="Kolose">Kolose</a> setiap 6 September (19 September). Selain itu, setiap hari minggu sepanjang tahun didedikasikan bagi para malaikat, dengan secara khusus menyanyikan kidung-kidung Mikhael dan Gabriel di gereja. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Ikonografi" title="Ikonografi">ikonografi</a> Ortodoks, tiap-tiap malaikat mempunyai representasi simbolis:<sup id="cite_ref-Ohrid_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ohrid-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mikhael" title="Mikhael">Mikhael</a></i> dalam bahasa Ibrani berarti "Siapa yang seperti Allah?" atau "Siapa yang menyamai Allah?" Santo Mikhael sudah digambarkan sejak zaman permulaan agama Kristen sebagai panglima bala tentara surgawi, dengan tangan kanan menggenggam sebatang tombak yang ia gunakan untuk menyerang <a href="/wiki/Lusifer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusifer">Lusifer/Setan</a>, dan tangan kiri menggenggam sepelepah daun palem. Pada pangkal mata tombaknya terikat sehelai panji-panji dari kain lenan bergambar salib merah. Malaikat Agung Mikhael secara khusus dianggap sebagai Penjaga Iman Ortodoks dan pejuang melawan bidah.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></i> berarti "Allah kekuatanku" atau "Keperkasaan Allah." Ia adalah pewarta misteri-misteri Allah, teristimewa <a href="/wiki/Inkarnasi_(Kekristenan)" title="Inkarnasi (Kekristenan)">Inkarnasi Allah</a> dan seluruh misteri lain yang terkait dengannya. Ia digambarkan sebagai sebagai berikut: Tangan kanannya menggenggam sebuah lentera dengan sebatang lilin bernyala di dalamnya, dan tangan kirinya menggenggam sebuah cermin dari <a href="/wiki/Jasper" class="mw-redirect" title="Jasper">jasper</a> hijau. Cermin melambangkan hikmat Allah sebagai sebuah misteri yang tersembunyi.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a></i> berarti "Allah yang menyembuhkan" atau "Allah menyembuhkan" (<a href="/wiki/Tobit" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobit">Tobit</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Tobit&chapter=3:17#">3:17</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Tobit" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobit">Tobit</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Tobit&chapter=12:15#">12:15</a></span>). Rafael digambarkan sedang menuntun Tobias (yang sedang menjinjing seekor ikan yang ia tangkap di <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Tigris" title="Sungai Tigris">Sungai Tigris</a>) dengan tangan kanannya, dan membawa sebuah cawan obat dari alabaster dengan tangan kirinya.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a></i> berarti "Allah cahayaku," atau "Cahaya Allah" (II Ezra 4:1, 5:20). Ia digambarkan dengan sebilah pedang untuk melawan bangsa Persia di tangan kanannya, dan nyala api di tangan kirinya.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sealtiel" title="Sealtiel">Sealtiel</a></i> berarti "Perantara Allah." Ia digambarkan sedang berdoa dengan wajah tertunduk, mata menatap ke bawah, dan kedua belah tangan dirapatkan di dada.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yegudiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yegudiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Yegudiel</a></i> berarti "Pemulia Allah." Ia digambarkan membawa sebentuk makhota dedaunan emas dengan tangan kanannya, dan menggenggam hulu cemeti berhelai tiga dengan tangan kirinya.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barakhiel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barakhiel (halaman belum tersedia)">Barakhiel</a></i> berarti "Diberkati Allah." Ia digambarkan memegang sekuntum mawar putih di atas dadanya.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yerahmeel" title="Yerahmeel">Yerahmeel</a></i> berarti "Pengagungan Allah." Ia dihormati sebagai sosok penginspirasi dan pembangkit gagasan-gagasan agung yang mengarahkan orang pada Allah (II Ezra 4:36). Selaku <i>yang kedelapan</i>, ia kadang-kadang diikutsertakan pula sebagai malaikat agung.</li></ul> <p>Dalam kanon Alkitab <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Tewahedo_Ortodoks_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Tewahedo Ortodoks Ethiopia">Gereja Tewahedo Ortodoks Ethiopia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kitab_Henokh" title="Kitab Henokh">1 Henokh</a> menyebutkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saraqael&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saraqael (halaman belum tersedia)">Saraqael</a> sebagai salah satu di antara malaikat-malaikat yang berjaga-jaga atas "roh-roh yang berdosa dalam roh." (20:7, 8). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protestan">Protestan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Protestan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Protestan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:The_Annunciation,_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art,_W1899-1-1-pma,_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/220px-The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/330px-The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/440px-The_Annunciation%2C_Philadelphia_Museum_of_Art%2C_W1899-1-1-pma%2C_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="3286" /></a><figcaption>Anunsiasi, karya <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ossawa_Tanner" title="Henry Ossawa Tanner">Henry Ossawa Tanner</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>Dalam Alkitab versi Protestan, tercantum nama-nama tiga malaikat: "Penghulu Malaikat Mikhael", Malaikat Gabriel, yang disebut "Gabriel" dalam <a href="/wiki/Daniel" title="Daniel">Daniel</a> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_9:21" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel 9:21">9:21</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Daniel&chapter=9:21#">{{{ayat}}}</a></span>, dan "Abadon" atau "Apolion" dalam <a href="/wiki/Wahyu_kepada_Yohanes" title="Wahyu kepada Yohanes">Wahyu</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Wahyu&chapter=9:11#">9:11</a></span>. Di kalangan Protestan, ajaran <a href="/wiki/Anglikanisme" title="Anglikanisme">Anglikan</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Metodisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Metodisme">Metodis</a> mengakui empat malaikat sebagai penghulu malaikat: <a href="/wiki/Mikhael" title="Mikhael">Penghulu Malaikat Mikhael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Penghulu Malaikat Rafael</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Penghulu Malaikat Gabriel</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Penghulu Malaikat Uriel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Armentrout2000_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Armentrout2000-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para penghulu malaikat ini diperingati setiap tanggal 29 September, yang disebut <i>Michaelmas</i>, dalam kalender Gereja Anglikan.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Penginjil <a href="/wiki/Billy_Graham" title="Billy Graham">Billy Graham</a> pernah menulis bahwa dalam Kitab Suci, satu-satunya sosok yang secara eksplisit digambarkan sebagai penghulu malaikat adalah Mikhael dalam <a href="/wiki/Surat_Yudas" title="Surat Yudas">Yudas</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alkitab.sabda.org/bible.php?lang=id&version=tb&book=Yudas&chapter=1:9#">1:9</a></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Billy_Graham_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Billy_Graham-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restorasionis">Restorasionis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Restorasionis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Restorasionis"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Masehi_Advent_Hari_Ketujuh" title="Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh">Gereja Masehi Advent Hari Ketujuh</a> meyakini bahwa "Mikhael" dan "penghulu malaikat" sebenarnya menunjuk pada Yesus. Mereka merujuk pada pendeta nonkonformis <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Henry" title="Matthew Henry">Matthew Henry</a> yang mendukung pandangan ini.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Saksi-Saksi_Yehuwa" title="Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa">Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa</a>, mengutip ayat <a href="/wiki/Surat_Paulus_yang_Pertama_kepada_Jemaat_di_Tesalonika" title="Surat Paulus yang Pertama kepada Jemaat di Tesalonika">1 Tesalonika</a> 4:16 yang menyebut-nyebut "seruan penghulu malaikat", juga meyakini bahwa <i>Mikhael</i> adalah nama lain untuk <a href="/wiki/Yesus" title="Yesus">Yesus</a> di surga.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Yesus_Kristus_dari_Orang-orang_Suci_Zaman_Akhir" title="Gereja Yesus Kristus dari Orang-orang Suci Zaman Akhir">Gereja Yesus Kristus dari Orang-orang Suci Zaman Akhir</a> (Gereja LDS) memaknai istilah penghulu malaikat sebagai "Malaikat Kepala",<sup id="cite_ref-gts_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gts-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mikhael adalah satu-satunya pribadi yang disebut demikian dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karya-karya_standar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karya-karya standar (halaman belum tersedia)">kanon LDS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diyakini bahwa ia adalah kepala segenap malaikat.<sup id="cite_ref-gts_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gts-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ajaran Gereja LDS juga menyatakan bahwa Penghulu Malaikat Mikhael adalah manusia pertama, <a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meskipun tidak ada makhluk lain yang dikenal sebagai "penghulu malaikat," <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a> mengajarkan bahwa Malaikat <a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a> dikenal dalam kehidupan fana sebagai <a href="/wiki/Nuh" title="Nuh">Nuh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan bahwasanya malaikat <a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a> adalah sosok yang penting, sekalipun tidak pernah diidentifikasi sebagai salah satu nabi yang fana.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_agama_Islam">Dalam agama Islam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam agama Islam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam agama Islam"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, malaikat-malaikat agung yang disebutkan namanya<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dalam Al Qur'an meliputi: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jibril" title="Jibril">Jibril</a> (Gabriel dalam bahasa Ibrani), malaikat yang bertanggung jawab menyampaikan wahyu Tuhan kepada semua nabi, termasuk menyampaikan ayat-ayat <a href="/wiki/Al-Qur%27an" title="Al-Qur'an">Al-Qur'an</a> kepada nabi Muhammad dan membimbingnya untuk mendaraskannya. Berbagai <a href="/wiki/Hadits" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadits">Hadits</a> (tradisi) menyebut peranannya menyampaikan warta dari "Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa" kepada nabi-nabi.</li> <li>Mika'il (Mikhael dalam bahasa Ibrani), malaikat kerahiman yang bertanggung jawab atas hujan, guruh, dan ajal manusia.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rafael" title="Rafael">Rafael</a> dalam bahasa Ibrani), malaikat agung yang bertanggung jawab memberi tanda tibanya hari penghakiman dengan meniup sangkakala.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izrail" class="mw-redirect" title="Izrail">Izra'il</a> (Azrael dalam bahasa Ibrani), malaikat maut.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_tradisi-tradisi_keagamaan_lainnya">Dalam tradisi-tradisi keagamaan lainnya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam tradisi-tradisi keagamaan lainnya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam tradisi-tradisi keagamaan lainnya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Para praktisi <a href="/wiki/Okultisme" title="Okultisme">okultisme</a> kadang kala menghubung-hubungkan para penghulu malaikat seperti dalam Kabala dengan musim-musim atau unsur-unsur, atau bahkan dengan warna-warna tertentu. Dalam beberapa sistem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upacara_sihir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upacara sihir (halaman belum tersedia)">upacara sihir</a> berdasarkan Kabala, keempat-empat malaikat agung utama (Gabriel, Mikhael, Rafael, dan Uriel) diseru sebagai penjaga keempat penjuru bumi, atau keempat arah mata angin, dan warna-warna tertentu yang dikaitkan dengan mereka dihubung-hubungkan dengan macam-macam kekuatan sihir.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lucifer" title="Lucifer">Lucifer</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Setan" title="Setan">Sataniel</a> dalam tradisi-tradisi keagamaan Yahudi-Kristen, atau <a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblis</a> dalam Islam, dianggap sebagai malaikat agung oleh para penganut kepercayaan <a href="/wiki/Satanisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Satanisme">Satanisme</a> dan banyak penganut kepercayaan non-Satanisme, tetapi non-Satanisme menganggapnya sebagai <a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Si Jahat</a> dan tersingkir dari rahmat Tuhan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_seni-budaya">Dalam seni-budaya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam seni-budaya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam seni-budaya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Fra_Angelico-Annunciatory_Angel-detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Fra_Angelico-Annunciatory_Angel-detail.jpg/220px-Fra_Angelico-Annunciatory_Angel-detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Fra_Angelico-Annunciatory_Angel-detail.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="376" /></a><figcaption>Malaikat menyampaikan warta, karya <a href="/wiki/Fra_Angelico" title="Fra Angelico">Fra Angelico</a>, 1437-1446</figcaption></figure> <p>Dalam seni rupa, malaikat-malaikat agung kadang kala digambarkan bersayap besar. Malaikat-malaikat agung yang lazimnya ditampilkan dalam karya-karya seni rupa adalah Gabriel, Mikhael, Rafael, dan Uriel.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mantra dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upacara_kecil_tolak_bala_pentagram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upacara kecil tolak bala pentagram (halaman belum tersedia)">upacara kecil tolak bala pentagram</a> berisi kata-kata "di depanku Rafael; di belakangku Gabriel; di kananku Mikhael; di kiriku Auriel (Uriel)..."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dalam_budaya_populer">Dalam budaya populer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Dalam budaya populer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dalam budaya populer"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Malaikat-malaikat agung digambarkan dalam banyak film dan serial TV. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_Pula">Lihat Pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat Pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat Pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malaikat" title="Malaikat">Malaikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kami_(mitologi)" title="Kami (mitologi)">Kami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaikat_Agung_dari_Sopo" title="Malaikat Agung dari Sopo">Para Malaikat Agung Sopo</a>, lukisan-lukisan bergaya barok di Kolombia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaikat_Agung&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=archangel&allowed_in_frame=0">"archangel"</a>. Online Etymology Dictionary<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2 Juli</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=archangel&rft.pub=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Darchangel%26allowed_in_frame%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/20459/amesha-spenta">"Encyclopaedia Britannica, "amesha spenta<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>"</a>. Britannica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Britannica%2C+%22amesha+spenta%22&rft.pub=Britannica.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F20459%2Famesha-spenta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boyce-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boyce_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boyce_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Boyce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Boyce (halaman belum tersedia)">Mary Boyce</a>, A History of Zoroastrianism Volume One: The Early Period, E. J. Brill, Leiden 1975</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/zor/sbe04/sbe0428.htm">Zend Avesta FARGARD XXII</a> (Halaman 199) Mary Boyce, A History of Zoroastrianism Volume One: The Early Period, E. J. Brill, Leiden 1975. (1989 edition <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9004088474" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 90-04-08847-4</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chabad-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chabad_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Davidson, Baruch S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/692875/jewish/What-Are-Angels.htm">"What Are Angels?"</a>. Chabad.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Are+Angels%3F&rft.pub=Chabad.org&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Baruch+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chabad.org%2Flibrary%2Farticle_cdo%2Faid%2F692875%2Fjewish%2FWhat-Are-Angels.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/5018-death-angel-of">DEATH, ANGEL OF</a> "the "destroying angel" ("mal'ak ha-mashḥit")" Jewish Encyclopedia</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jpmmbk-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jpmmbk_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Ludwig Blau; Kaufmann Kohler (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1521-angelology">"ANGELOLOGY"</a>. <i>Jewish Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=ANGELOLOGY&rft.date=1908&rft.au=Ludwig+Blau&rft.au=Kaufmann+Kohler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F1521-angelology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Judaism.html">Judaism: The Postexilic Period</a> International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sanhedrin 38b and Avodah Zarah 3b.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">cf. Sanhedrin 95b</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oxford-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oxford_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Metzger & Coogan (1993) <i>Oxford Companion to the Bible</i>, Oxford University Press, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y2KGVuym5OUC&pg=PA54#v=snippet&f=false">p. 54</a>, <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780199743919" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-974391-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-souvay-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-souvay_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05535a.htm">"Souvay, Charles. "Esdras." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Jil. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 5 Agustus 2013"</a>. Newadvent.org. 1909-05-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Souvay%2C+Charles.+%22Esdras.%22+The+Catholic+Encyclopedia.+Jil.+5.+New+York%3A+Robert+Appleton+Company%2C+1909.+5+Agustus+2013&rft.pub=Newadvent.org&rft.date=1909-05-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F05535a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-driscoll-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-driscoll_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12640b.htm">"Driscoll, James F. "St. Raphael." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Jil. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 5 Agustus 2013"</a>. Newadvent.org. 1911-06-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Driscoll%2C+James+F.+%22St.+Raphael.%22+The+Catholic+Encyclopedia.+Jil.+12.+New+York%3A+Robert+Appleton+Company%2C+1911.+5+Agustus+2013&rft.pub=Newadvent.org&rft.date=1911-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F12640b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anafora_(linguistik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anafora (linguistik) (halaman belum tersedia)">anafora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liturgi_Ilahi" title="Liturgi Ilahi">Liturgi Ilahi</a> <a href="/wiki/Yohanes_Krisostomus" title="Yohanes Krisostomus">Santo Yohanes Krisostomus</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holy-transfiguration.org/library_en/ang_heavhost.html">Alam para malaikat</a> Gereja Ortodoks Rusia Transfigurasi Suci, Baltimore MD</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ohrid-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ohrid_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ohrid_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholai_Velimirovic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholai Velimirovic (halaman belum tersedia)">Nicholai Velimirovic</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westsrbdio.org/prolog/my.html?month=November&day=8&Go.x=13&Go.y=15">November 8</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081207012031/http://www.westsrbdio.org/prolog/my.html?month=November&day=8&Go.x=13&Go.y=15">Diarsipkan</a> 7 Desember 2008 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Prologue From Ochrid</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Armentrout2000-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Armentrout2000_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Armentrout, Don S. (1 Januari 2000). <i>An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church</i> (dalam bahasa English). Church Publishing, Inc. hlm. 14. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780898697018" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780898697018">9780898697018</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Episcopal+Dictionary+of+the+Church&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Church+Publishing%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.isbn=9780898697018&rft.aulast=Armentrout&rft.aufirst=Don+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7Q8EAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA493"><i>The Methodist New Connexion Magazine and Evangelical Repository, Jilid XXXV., Seri Ketiga</i></a> (dalam bahasa English). London: William Cooke. 1867. hlm. 493.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Methodist+New+Connexion+Magazine+and+Evangelical+Repository%2C+Jilid+XXXV.%2C+Seri+Ketiga&rft.place=London&rft.pages=493&rft.pub=William+Cooke&rft.date=1867&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7Q8EAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA493&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kershaw, Simon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.excitingholiness.org/first-edition/index.cgi?m09/d29.html">"Exciting Holiness: 29 September"</a> (dalam bahasa English). Canterbury Press Norwich<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Exciting+Holiness%3A+29+September&rft.pub=Canterbury+Press+Norwich&rft.aulast=Kershaw&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.excitingholiness.org%2Ffirst-edition%2Findex.cgi%3Fm09%2Fd29.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Billy_Graham-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Billy_Graham_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Graham" title="Billy Graham">Graham, Billy</a> (1995) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sDUbiV92-mIC&pg=PT31#v=snippet&q=archangel&f=false">Angels</a></i> Thomas Nelson Inc, <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780849938719" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780849938719</a>, hal. PT31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Graham (1995) hal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sDUbiV92-mIC&pg=PT32#v=snippet&q=Gabriel+not+archangel&f=false">PT32</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sdanet.org/atissue/books/qod/q08.htm">"SDAnet, "Questions on Doctrine: Christ, and Michael and Archangel<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>"</a>. Sdanet.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2014-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SDAnet%2C+%22Questions+on+Doctrine%3A+Christ%2C+and+Michael+and+Archangel%22&rft.pub=Sdanet.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sdanet.org%2Fatissue%2Fbooks%2Fqod%2Fq08.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/1102005160"><i>What Does The Bible Really Teach?</i></a>. Watch Tower Society. hlm. 218–219.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+Does+The+Bible+Really+Teach%3F&rft.pages=218-219&rft.pub=Watch+Tower+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwol.jw.org%2Fen%2Fwol%2Fd%2Fr1%2Flp-e%2F1102005160&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gts-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gts_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gts_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lds.org/scriptures/gs/archangel">"The Guide to the Scriptures: Archangel"</a>. <i>scriptures, LDS.org</i>. LDS Church.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=scriptures%2C+LDS.org&rft.atitle=The+Guide+to+the+Scriptures%3A+Archangel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lds.org%2Fscriptures%2Fgs%2Farchangel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lds.org/scriptures/nt/jude/1.9?lang=eng#8">Jude 1:9</a></span> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkitab_edisi_LDS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkitab edisi LDS (halaman belum tersedia)">KJV (LDS)</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lds.org/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/128.20-21?lang=eng#19">Doctrine and Covenants 128:20–21</a></span>; <cite id="CITEREFPetersen1980" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_E._Petersen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark E. Petersen (halaman belum tersedia)">Petersen, Mark E.</a> (November 1980), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lds.org/ensign/1980/11/adam-the-archangel">"Adam, the Archangel"</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ensign_(majalah)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ensign (majalah) (halaman belum tersedia)">Ensign</a></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ensign&rft.atitle=Adam%2C+the+Archangel&rft.date=1980-11&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Mark+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lds.org%2Fensign%2F1980%2F11%2Fadam-the-archangel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSkinner1992" class="citation"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_C._Skinner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew C. Skinner (halaman belum tersedia)">Skinner, Andrew C</a> (1992), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160917041336/http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Noah">"Noah"</a>, dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_H._Ludlow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel H. Ludlow (halaman belum tersedia)">Ludlow, Daniel H</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclopedia_of_Mormonism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopedia of Mormonism (halaman belum tersedia)">Encyclopedia of Mormonism</a></i>, New York: <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Macmillan Publishing">Macmillan Publishing</a>, hlm. 1016–1017, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-02-879602-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-02-879602-0">0-02-879602-0</a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/24502140">24502140</a>, diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Noah">versi asli</a> tanggal 2016-09-17<span class="reference-accessdate">, diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2016-11-18</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Noah&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Mormonism&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1016-1017&rft.pub=Macmillan+Publishing&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F24502140&rft.isbn=0-02-879602-0&rft.aulast=Skinner&rft.aufirst=Andrew+C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feom.byu.edu%2Findex.php%2FNoah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lds.org/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/128.21?lang=eng#20">Doctrine and Covenants 128:21</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation book">Lewis, James R.; Oliver, Evelyn Dorothy (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=56B7fmmlt6QC&pg=PR18#v=snippet&q=Mikhail%20archangel%20Michael&f=false"><i>Angels A to Z</i></a>. Visible Ink Press. hlm. xviii. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9781578592579" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9781578592579">9781578592579</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+A+to+Z&rft.pages=xviii&rft.pub=Visible+Ink+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781578592579&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=James+R.&rft.au=Oliver%2C+Evelyn+Dorothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D56B7fmmlt6QC%26pg%3DPR18%23v%3Dsnippet%26q%3DMikhail%2520archangel%2520Michael%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_Davidson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav Davidson (halaman belum tersedia)">Davidson, Gustav</a> (1967). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/A_dictionary_of_angels.html?id=Ed7yHWuTEewC"><i>A dictionary of angels: including the fallen angels</i></a>. Free Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780029070505" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780029070505">9780029070505</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+dictionary+of+angels%3A+including+the+fallen+angels&rft.pub=Free+Press&rft.date=1967&rft.isbn=9780029070505&rft.aulast=Davidson&rft.aufirst=Gustav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FA_dictionary_of_angels.html%3Fid%3DEd7yHWuTEewC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Noegel, Scott B.; Wheeler, Brannon M. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Historical_Dictionary_of_Prophets_in_Isl.html?id=6aTXAAAAMAAJ"><i>Historical Dictionary of Prophets in Islam and Judaism</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9780810843059" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/9780810843059">9780810843059</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Prophets+in+Islam+and+Judaism&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780810843059&rft.aulast=Noegel&rft.aufirst=Scott+B.&rft.au=Wheeler%2C+Brannon+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FHistorical_Dictionary_of_Prophets_in_Isl.html%3Fid%3D6aTXAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AMalaikat+Agung" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/id/2/98">Al-Baqarah:98</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/id/69/13">Al-Haqqah:13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paganspath.com/meta/angels4.htm">The Pagan's Path</a>, Metaphysics 101: The Archangels</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.humanitiesweb.org/human.php?s=g&p=a&a=i&ID=334">Angels₥₥in Art</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170614003032/http://www.humanitiesweb.org/human.php?s=g&p=a&a=i&ID=334">Diarsipkan</a> 2017-06-14 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. di <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.humanitiesweb.org/">HumanitiesWeb</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814010006/http://www.humanitiesweb.org/">Diarsipkan</a> 2007-08-14 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/bos/bos026.htm">"On the Lesser Banishing Ritual of the Pentagram"</a> dari <i>The Internet Book of Shadows</i> di <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sacred-texts.com">Sacred-texts.com</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div 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