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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Format"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Format</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Format-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jugement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jugement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Jugement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jugement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utaawase-e" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utaawase-e"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Utaawase-e</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utaawase-e-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prolongements_divers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prolongements_divers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Prolongements divers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prolongements_divers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main 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Disponible en 4 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uta-awase" title="Uta-awase – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Uta-awase" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utaawase" 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<div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Utaawase"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Utaawase" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Utaawase" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des 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href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Uta-awase" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q281829" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Poetry_Match_Kanpyo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Poetry_Match_Kanpyo.jpg/220px-Poetry_Match_Kanpyo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Poetry_Match_Kanpyo.jpg/330px-Poetry_Match_Kanpyo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Poetry_Match_Kanpyo.jpg/440px-Poetry_Match_Kanpyo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="549" /></a><figcaption>Rouleau datant du <abbr class="abbr" title="12ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle du « concours de poésie organisé par l'impératrice durant l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%88re_Kanpy%C5%8D" title="Ère Kanpyō">ère Kanpyō</a> »(c. 890); un parmi plusieurs <a href="/wiki/Liste_des_Tr%C3%A9sors_nationaux_du_Japon_(%C3%A9crits_:_livres_japonais)#Waka" title="Liste des Trésors nationaux du Japon (écrits : livres japonais)">manuscrits des compétitions de poésie</a> qui ont été désignés <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A9sor_national_(Japon)" title="Trésor national (Japon)">trésors nationaux</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_de_Tokyo" title="Musée national de Tokyo">Musée national de Tokyo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Les <b>utaawase</b> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">歌合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, concours de poésie ou compétition de <i><a href="/wiki/Waka_(po%C3%A9sie_japonaise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Waka (poésie japonaise)">waka</a></i>, représentent une caractéristique distinctive de la <a href="/wiki/Litt%C3%A9rature_japonaise" title="Littérature japonaise">création littéraire au Japon</a> durant l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_de_Heian" title="Époque de Heian">époque de Heian</a>. Ils constituent une importante étape dans le développement de la <a href="/wiki/Po%C3%A9tique_(discipline)" class="mw-redirect" title="Poétique (discipline)">poétique</a> japonaise puisqu'ils sont à l'origine de la composition de groupe telle que le <i><a href="/wiki/Renga" title="Renga">renga</a></i> et une incitation à considérer le <i>waka</i> comme une séquence unifiée et non seulement comme des unités individuelles. L'importance durable de la production poétique de ces rencontres peut aussi se mesurer à la place qu'elle occupe dans les <a href="/wiki/Liste_des_principales_anthologies_de_po%C3%A9sie_japonaise" title="Liste des principales anthologies de poésie japonaise">anthologies impériales</a> : Quatre-vingt-douze poèmes du <i><a href="/wiki/Kokin_wakash%C5%AB" title="Kokin wakashū">Kokin wakashū</a></i> et trois-cent soixante-treize du <i><a href="/wiki/Shin_Kokin_Wakash%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin Kokin Wakashū">Shin Kokin Wakashū</a></i> sont issus de ces <i>utaawase</i><sup id="cite_ref-McCullough_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCullough-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Konishi_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Konishi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Keene_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keene-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contexte_social">Contexte social</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Contexte social" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Contexte social"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le <i>mono-awase</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">物合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, l'appariement par couples de choses par deux parties est un des passe-temps de la cour de <a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_de_Heian" title="Époque de Heian">Heian</a>. Les éléments associés peuvent être des peintures <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">絵合</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">e-awase</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, des coquillages <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">貝合</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">kai-awase</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, des <a href="/wiki/Acore_odorant" title="Acore odorant">jonc odorants</a> ou racines d'iris, des fleurs ou des poèmes<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Miner_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miner-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Cette dernière paire d'association a pris un tour plus sérieux à la fin du <abbr class="abbr" title="9ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">IX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle avec le <i>concours de poésie organisé par l'impératrice durant l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%88re_Kanpy%C5%8D" title="Ère Kanpyō">ère Kanpyō</a></i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">寛平御時后宮歌合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, à l'origine de plus de cinquante poèmes dans le <i><a href="/wiki/Kokin_wakash%C5%AB" title="Kokin wakashū">Kokin wakashū</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-McCullough_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCullough-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Miner_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miner-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les vingt-huit lignes du journal poétique <i>concours de poésie Teijiin</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">亭子院歌合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> consacre deux d'entre elles aux accompagnements musicaux, <i><a href="/wiki/Gagaku" title="Gagaku">gagaku</a></i> et <i><a href="/wiki/Saibara" title="Saibara">saibara</a></i>, et quatre aux vêtements portés par l'ancien empereur <a href="/wiki/Uda_(empereur)" title="Uda (empereur)">Uda</a>, ainsi qu'aux autres participants et aux serviteurs qui portent les <i>suhama</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">州浜</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, plateaux avec des paysages côtiers miniatures utilisé dans les <i>mono-awase</i>. À la fin du tournoi, les poèmes sont disposés autour du <i>suhama</i>, ceux traitant de la brume étant placés sur les collines, ceux évoquant les <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" title="Passeriformes">passereaux</a> sur une branche en fleurs, ceux à propos du <a href="/wiki/Petit_Coucou" title="Petit Coucou">petit Coucou</a> sur un brin d'<a href="/wiki/Deutzia" title="Deutzia">unohana</a> et le reste sur des brasiers suspendus à des bateaux de pêche au cormoran miniatures<sup id="cite_ref-McCullough_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCullough-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-Konishi_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Konishi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Format">Format</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Format" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Format"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les éléments communs aux <i>utaawase</i> sont un sponsor, deux équipes de participants <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">方人</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">kataudo</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, la Droite et la Gauche, la première ayant préséance, une série de manches <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">番</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">ban</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> durant laquelle un poème de chaque équipe est associé à un poème de l'autre équipe, un juge <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">判者</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">hanja</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> qui déclare une victoire <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">勝</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">katsu</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> ou une égalité <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">持</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">ji</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> et peut ajouter des commentaires <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">判詞</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">hanshi</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> et une provision de sujets fixés <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">題</span>, <i title="Transcription Hepburn" class="lang-ja-Latn-alalc97" lang="ja-Latn-alalc97">dai</i><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> qui peuvent être communiqués au début de la joute ou distribués à l'avance<sup id="cite_ref-McCullough_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCullough-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. En général, tout ce qui pourrait introduire une tonalité discordante est évité tandis que les règles en constante évolution sont « en grande partie prohibitives plutôt que prescriptives », le vocabulaire admissible largement restreint à celui du <i><a href="/wiki/Kokin_wakash%C5%AB" title="Kokin wakashū">Kokin wakashū</a></i> alors que les mots employés dans le <i><a href="/wiki/Man%27y%C5%8Dsh%C5%AB" title="Man'yōshū">Man'yōshū</a></i> sont susceptibles d'être jugés archaïques<sup id="cite_ref-Royston_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. L'emploi d'une phrase telle que <i>harugasumi</i>, (« dans la brume du printemps »), alors que le thème est « la première oie » <a href="/wiki/Kigo" title="Kigo">automnale</a> peut provoquer une hilarité générale<sup id="cite_ref-Royston_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Le nombre de manches varie selon l'occasion; <i>Le concours de poésie en mille cinq cents manches</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">千五百番歌合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> de <a href="/wiki/1201" title="1201">1201</a> est le plus long de tous les <i>utaawase</i> connus<sup id="cite_ref-Keene_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keene-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jugement">Jugement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Jugement" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Jugement"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le juge est habituellement un poète de renom. Durant le <i>concours de poésie Teijiin</i> l'ancien empereur <a href="/wiki/Uda_(empereur)" title="Uda (empereur)">Uda</a> fait office de juge et quand une de ses propres compositions est comparée à un poème meilleur de <a href="/wiki/Ki_no_Tsurayuki" title="Ki no Tsurayuki">Ki no Tsurayuki</a>, commente « Comment un poème impérial peut-il perdre? » et s'offre à lui-même l'égalité<sup id="cite_ref-McCullough_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCullough-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Fujiwara_no_Shunzei" title="Fujiwara no Shunzei">Fujiwara no Shunzei</a> sert de juge quelque vingt et une fois<sup id="cite_ref-Keene_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keene-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Durant le <i>concours de poésie en six cents manches</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">六百番歌合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> de <a href="/wiki/1192" title="1192">1192</a>, il accorde la victoire à un poème qui contient le vers « champs d'herbe », remarque sa référence à une œuvre précédente (<i><a href="/wiki/Honkadori" title="Honkadori">honkadori</a></i>) avec le commentaire : « il est choquant pour quiconque d'écrire la poésie sans connaître le <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Dit_du_Genji" title="Le Dit du Genji">Genji</a></i> »<sup id="cite_ref-Keene_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keene-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Alors qu'il juge une autre joute, il écrit qu'« il doit y avoir dans une présentation, de l'attrait, de la profondeur (<i>yūgen</i>) et une <a href="/wiki/L%27%C5%92uvre_d%27art_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9poque_de_sa_reproductibilit%C3%A9_technique" title="L'Œuvre d'art à l'époque de sa reproductibilité technique">aura singulière</a> qui planent au-dessus du poème comme un voile de brume sur les <a href="/wiki/Sakura" title="Sakura">cerisier en fleurs</a>, le brame d'un cerf avant la lune d'automne, l'odeur du printemps avec les <a href="/wiki/Abricotier_du_Japon" title="Abricotier du Japon">abricotier en fleurs</a> ou la pluie d'automne dans les <a href="/wiki/%C3%89rable_palm%C3%A9" title="Érable palmé">feuilles pourpres</a> sur les sommets »<sup id="cite_ref-Royston_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Royston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utaawase-e">Utaawase-e</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Utaawase-e" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Utaawase-e"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%99%A2%E8%81%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%8C%E5%90%88%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%99%A2%E8%81%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%8C%E5%90%88%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB.png/250px-%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%99%A2%E8%81%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%8C%E5%90%88%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%99%A2%E8%81%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%8C%E5%90%88%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB.png/330px-%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%99%A2%E8%81%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%8C%E5%90%88%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%99%A2%E8%81%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%8C%E5%90%88%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB.png/500px-%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%99%A2%E8%81%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%AD%8C%E5%90%88%E7%B5%B5%E5%B7%BB.png 2x" data-file-width="1472" data-file-height="998" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Emaki" title="Emaki">Emaki</a> du début du <abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle <i><a href="/wiki/Rouleau_enlumin%C3%A9_du_concours_po%C3%A9tique_des_artisans_au_T%C5%8Dhokuin" title="Rouleau enluminé du concours poétique des artisans au Tōhokuin">Concours de poésie Tōhoku'in parmi des personnes de professions différentes</a></i> (1214); <a href="/wiki/Bien_culturel_important" title="Bien culturel important">Bien culturel important du Japon</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_de_Tokyo" title="Musée national de Tokyo">Musée national de Tokyo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Les <i>utaawase-e</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">歌合絵</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> sont des registres illustrés de véritables tournois de poésie ou des représentations de concours imaginaires comme ceux qui auraient pu avoir lieu entre les <a href="/wiki/Trente-six_grands_po%C3%A8tes" title="Trente-six grands poètes">trente-six grands poètes</a><sup id="cite_ref-Utaawase-e_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Utaawase-e-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. L' <a href="/wiki/Emaki" title="Emaki">emaki</a> du <abbr class="abbr" title="14ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle <i><a href="/wiki/Rouleau_enlumin%C3%A9_du_concours_po%C3%A9tique_des_artisans_au_T%C5%8Dhokuin" title="Rouleau enluminé du concours poétique des artisans au Tōhokuin">Concours de poésie Tōhoku'in parmi des personnes de professions différentes</a></i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">東北院職人歌合絵巻</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> représente un groupe d'artisans qui participe à un concours de poésie en émulation de ceux de la noblesse. Avec un transcripteur de <a href="/wiki/Sutra" title="Sutra">sutra</a> comme juge, un médecin, un forgeron, un polisseur d'épée, une <a href="/wiki/Miko_(shinto%C3%AFsme)" title="Miko (shintoïsme)">servante de sanctuaire</a> et un pêcheur s'opposent à un maître de <a href="/wiki/Yin_et_yang" title="Yin et yang">yin et yang</a>, un charpentier de cour, un <a href="/wiki/Fonderie" title="Fonderie">fondeur</a>, un joueur et un marchand, chacun composant deux poèmes sur les thèmes de la <a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAte_de_la_mi-automne" title="Fête de la mi-automne">Lune</a> et de l'amour<sup id="cite_ref-Utaawase-e_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Utaawase-e-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prolongements_divers">Prolongements divers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Prolongements divers" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Prolongements divers"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le <i>jika-awase</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">自歌合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span>, pratiqué par des gens comme le prêtre poète <a href="/wiki/Saigy%C5%8D_H%C5%8Dshi" title="Saigyō Hōshi">Saigyō</a>, est un développement de l'<i>utaawase</i> dans lequel le concurrent « joue une sorte de jeu d'échecs poétique avec lui-même ». Il choisit ses sujets, compose tous les poèmes et les soumet au juge afin que celui-ci les commente<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. <i>Le concours poétique entre douze espèces</i> <span style="font-weight: normal">(<span title="Japonais" class="lang-ja" lang="ja">十二類歌合</span><span class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color:#00e;font:bold 80% sans-serif;text-decoration:none;padding:0 .1em;"><sup><a href="/wiki/Aide:Japonais" title="Aide:Japonais">?</a></sup></span></span>)</span> est une œuvre satirique du début du <abbr class="abbr" title="15ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XV</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle dans laquelle les douze animaux du zodiaque chinois organisent une compétition de poésie sur les thèmes de la Lune et de l'amour. D'autres animaux, menés par un cerf et un blaireau, s'invitent de force à la réunion et le blaireau provoque une telle indignation qu'il en échappe à peine vivant; disgracié, il se retire dans une grotte où il écrit des poèmes avec un pinceau fait de ses propres poils<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(po%C3%A9sie_japonaise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Waka (poésie japonaise)">Waka (poésie japonaise)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renga" title="Renga">Renga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kigo" title="Kigo">Kigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-awase" title="E-awase">E-awase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Po%C3%A9sie_japonaise" title="Poésie japonaise">Poésie japonaise</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utaawase&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé <span class="plainlinks">« <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utaawase?oldid=491999614">Utaawase</a> » <small>(<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utaawase?action=history">voir la liste des auteurs</a>)</small></span>.</li></ul> <div class="references-small decimal" style="column-width:36em; column-count:2;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-McCullough-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-McCullough_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCullough_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCullough_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCullough_1-3">d</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-McCullough_1-4">e</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Helen_Craig1985"><span class="ouvrage" id="McCullough,_Helen_Craig1985"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Craig_McCullough" title="Helen Craig McCullough">McCullough, Helen Craig</a>, <cite class="italique">Brocade by Night: 'Kokin Waskashū' and the Court Style in Japanese Classical Poetry</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>, <time>1985</time>, 240–254 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-8047-1246-8" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-8047-1246-8"><span class="nowrap">0-8047-1246-8</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brocade+by+Night%3A+%27Kokin+Waskash%C5%AB%27+and+the+Court+Style+in+Japanese+Classical+Poetry&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.au=McCullough%2C+Helen+Craig&rft.date=1985&rft.tpages=240%E2%80%93254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Konishi-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Konishi_2-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Konishi_2-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jin'ichi1986"><span class="ouvrage" id="Konishi,_Jin'ichi1986">Konishi, Jin'ichi, <cite class="italique">A History of Japanese Literature II: The Early Middle Ages</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>, <time>1986</time>, 199–203 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-691-10177-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-691-10177-9"><span class="nowrap">0-691-10177-9</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japanese+Literature+II%3A+The+Early+Middle+Ages&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.aulast=Jin%27ichi&rft.aufirst=Konishi%2C&rft.date=1986&rft.tpages=199%E2%80%93203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Keene-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Keene_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Keene_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Keene_3-2">c</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Keene_3-3">d</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Donald1999"><span class="ouvrage" id="Keene,_Donald1999"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Keene" title="Donald Keene">Keene, Donald</a>, <cite class="italique">Seeds in the Heart: Japanese Literature from the Earliest Times to the Late Sixteenth Century</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>, <time>1999</time>, 648–652 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-231-11441-9" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-231-11441-9"><span class="nowrap">0-231-11441-9</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seeds+in+the+Heart%3A+Japanese+Literature+from+the+Earliest+Times+to+the+Late+Sixteenth+Century&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.aulast=Donald&rft.aufirst=Keene%2C&rft.date=1999&rft.tpages=648%E2%80%93652&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/e/eawase.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">E-awase</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/JAANUS_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="JAANUS (architecture)">Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-18" data-sort-value="2011-05-18">18 mai 2011</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/k/kaiawase.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Kai-awase</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/JAANUS_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="JAANUS (architecture)">Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-18" data-sort-value="2011-05-18">18 mai 2011</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miner-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Miner_6-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Miner_6-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="EarlHirokoRobert_E.1985"><span class="ouvrage" id="Miner,_EarlOdagiri,_HirokoMorrell,_Robert_E.1985"><a href="/wiki/Earl_Miner" title="Earl Miner">Miner, Earl</a>, Odagiri, Hiroko et Morrell, Robert E., <cite class="italique">The Princeton Companion to Classical Japanese Literature</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>, <time>1985</time>, 290, 302 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-691-00825-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-691-00825-6"><span class="nowrap">0-691-00825-6</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Princeton+Companion+to+Classical+Japanese+Literature&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.aulast=Earl&rft.aufirst=Miner%2C&rft.au=Odagiri%2C+Hiroko&rft.au=Morrell%2C+Robert+E.&rft.date=1985&rft.tpages=290%2C+302&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Royston-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Royston_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Royston_7-1">b</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Royston_7-2">c</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Clifton_W.1974"><span class="ouvrage" id="Royston,_Clifton_W.1974"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Royston, Clifton W., « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Utaawase Judgments as Poetry Criticism</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Journal of Asian Studies</span></i>, Association for Asian Studies, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 34 (1),‎ <time>1974</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">99–108</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Utaawase+Judgments+as+Poetry+Criticism&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Asian+Studies&rft.au=Royston%2C+Clifton+W.&rft.date=1974&rft.volume=34+%281%29&rft.pages=99%E2%80%93108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Utaawase-e-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Utaawase-e_8-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Utaawase-e_8-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aisf.or.jp/~jaanus/deta/u/utaawasee.htm"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Utaawase-e</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/JAANUS_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="JAANUS (architecture)">Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-18" data-sort-value="2011-05-18">18 mai 2011</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emuseum.jp/detail/100272?x=&y=&s=&d_lang=en&s_lang=ja&word=&class=1&title=&c_e=&region=&era=&cptype=&owner=&pos=97&num=5&mode=detail&century="><cite style="font-style:normal;">Touhoku'in Poetry Contest among Persons of Various Occupations, emaki</cite></a> », <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_de_Tokyo" title="Musée national de Tokyo">musée national de Tokyo</a> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2011-05-18" data-sort-value="2011-05-18">18 mai 2011</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Earl1968"><span class="ouvrage" id="Miner,_Earl1968"><a href="/wiki/Earl_Miner" title="Earl Miner">Miner, Earl</a>, <cite class="italique">An Introduction to Japanese Court Poetry</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>, <time>1968</time>, 30–32 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-8047-0636-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-8047-0636-0"><span class="nowrap">0-8047-0636-0</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Japanese+Court+Poetry&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.aulast=Earl&rft.aufirst=Miner%2C&rft.date=1968&rft.tpages=30%E2%80%9332&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="EarlRobert_H.1961"><span class="ouvrage" id="Miner,_EarlBrower,_Robert_H.1961"><a href="/wiki/Earl_Miner" title="Earl Miner">Miner, Earl</a> et Brower, Robert H., <cite class="italique">Japanese Court Poetry</cite>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University_Press" title="Stanford University Press">Stanford University Press</a>, <time>1961</time>, 238–240 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-8047-1524-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-8047-1524-6"><span class="nowrap">0-8047-1524-6</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese+Court+Poetry&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.aulast=Earl&rft.aufirst=Miner%2C&rft.au=Brower%2C+Robert+H.&rft.date=1961&rft.tpages=238%E2%80%93240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Setsuko1982"><span class="ouvrage" id="Ito,_Setsuko1982">Ito, Setsuko, « <cite style="font-style:normal">The Muse in Competition: Uta-awase Through the Ages</cite> », <i><a href="/wiki/Monumenta_Nipponica" title="Monumenta Nipponica">Monumenta Nipponica</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Sophia" title="Université Sophia">Université Sophia</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 37 (2),‎ <time>1982</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 201–222 (209)<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Muse+in+Competition%3A+Uta-awase+Through+the+Ages&rft.jtitle=Monumenta+Nipponica&rft.aulast=Setsuko&rft.aufirst=Ito%2C&rft.date=1982&rft.volume=37+%282%29&rft.pages=201%E2%80%93222+%28209%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AUtaawase"></span></span></span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Japon" title="Portail du Japon"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="33" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, 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