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title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-喙的形态" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#喙的形态"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>喙的形态</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-喙的形态-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-喙的特殊结构" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#喙的特殊结构"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>喙的特殊结构</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-喙的特殊结构-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关喙的特殊结构子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-喙的特殊结构-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-嘴峰" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#嘴峰"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>嘴峰</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-嘴峰-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">鳥喙</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。86种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-86" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">86种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(anatom%C3%ADa)" title="Pico (anatomía) – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pico (anatomía)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="منقار – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منقار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picu_(zoolox%C3%ADa)" title="Picu (zooloxía) – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Picu (zooloxía)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snaps" title="Snaps – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Snaps" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuka" title="Tuka – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tuka" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Дзюба – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дзюба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8E%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Дзюба – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дзюба" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BD" title="Клюн – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Клюн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81" title="চঞ্চু – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চঞ্চু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kljun" title="Kljun – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kljun" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bec" title="Bec – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bec" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DA%A9" title="دەنووک – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەنووک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zob%C3%A1k" title="Zobák – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zobák" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A6b" title="Næb – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Næb" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schnabel" title="Schnabel – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schnabel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82_(%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%AC)" title="Ράμφος (πτηνά) – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ράμφος (πτηνά)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beak" title="Beak – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Beak" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beko" title="Beko – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Beko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pico_(zoolog%C3%ADa)" title="Pico (zoología) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pico (zoología)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokk" title="Nokk – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nokk" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moko_(hegaztiak)" title="Moko (hegaztiak) – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Moko (hegaztiak)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9" title="نوک – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نوک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nokka" title="Nokka – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nokka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bec" title="Bec – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bec" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snaffel" title="Snaffel – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Snaffel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gob" title="Gob – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Gob" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peteiro" title="Peteiro – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Peteiro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8" title="מקור – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A" title="चोंच – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चोंच" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kljun" title="Kljun – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kljun" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8k" title="Bèk – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bèk" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cs%C5%91r" title="Csőr – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csőr" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%81" title="Կտուց – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կտուց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paruh" title="Paruh – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paruh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigguuk" title="Sigguuk – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Sigguuk" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beko" title="Beko – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Beko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goggur" title="Goggur – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Goggur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becco" title="Becco – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Becco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%8F%E3%81%A1%E3%81%B0%E3%81%97" title="くちばし – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="くちばし" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ნისკარტი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნისკარტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqamum" title="Aqamum – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aqamum" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D2%B1%D1%81_%D1%82%D2%B1%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Құс тұмсығы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Құс тұмсығы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%81" title="ಕೊಕ್ಕು – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕೊಕ್ಕು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EB%A6%AC" title="부리 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostrum_(beccus)" title="Rostrum (beccus) – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rostrum (beccus)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek%C3%B3ng%C3%B3" title="Ekóngó – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ekóngó" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snapas" title="Snapas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Snapas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kn%C4%81bis" title="Knābis – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Knābis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Клун – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Клун" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_(%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82)" title="കൊക്ക് (അവയവം) – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൊക്ക് (അവയവം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paruh" title="Paruh – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Paruh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85" title="چکوم – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="چکوم" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizzo" title="Pizzo – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Pizzo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snavel" title="Snavel – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Snavel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sneb" title="Sneb – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Sneb" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B" title="ठुँडो – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ठुँडो" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snavel" title="Snavel – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Snavel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebb" title="Nebb – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nebb" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebb" title="Nebb – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nebb" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8c" title="Bèc – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bèc" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzi%C3%B3b_(zoologia)" title="Dziób (zoologia) – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dziób (zoologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%8F%D9%86%D8%AC%DA%BE" title="چُنجھ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چُنجھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bico" title="Bico – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhukruna" title="Chhukruna – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chhukruna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cioc" title="Cioc – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cioc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dintan%C3%A2" title="Dintanâ – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Dintanâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B2" title="Клюв – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Клюв" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%81" title="Тумус – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тумус" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizzu_(mascidda)" title="Pizzu (mascidda) – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pizzu (mascidda)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kljun" title="Kljun – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kljun" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beak" title="Beak – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Beak" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zob%C3%A1k" title="Zobák – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zobák" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kljun" title="Kljun – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kljun" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%99%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Кљун – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кљун" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4bb" title="Näbb – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Näbb" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/cekcek" title="cekcek – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="cekcek" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="அலகு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அலகு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81" title="จะงอยปาก – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จะงอยปาก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuka" title="Tuka – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tuka" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaga" title="Gaga – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gaga" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Дзьоб – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дзьоб" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%8F_chim" title="Mỏ chim – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mỏ chim" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%99" title="喙 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="喙" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="ნინძგი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნინძგი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%96%99" title="喙 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="喙" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%95%84" title="啄 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="啄" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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</div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Beaks" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q31528" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84596247">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox 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.ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-问题条目 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99" title="Talk:鳥喙">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Expand plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antistub.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/44px-Antistub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/66px-Antistub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/88px-Antistub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要擴充。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2017年2月2日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请協助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit">改善这篇條目</a>，更進一步的信息可能會在<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99" title="Talk:鳥喙">討論頁</a>或<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%89%A9%E5%85%85%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82" title="Wikipedia:扩充请求">扩充请求</a>中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目需要<b>精通或熟悉相关主题的编者</b>参与及协助编辑。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2017年2月2日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6%E9%82%80%E8%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84" title="Wikipedia:專家邀請工作小組">邀請</a>適合的人士<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit">改善本条目</a>。更多的細節與詳情請參见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99" title="Talk:鳥喙">討論頁</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85099211">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>「<b>喙</b>」重定向至此。關於人的嘴，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%85%94" title="口腔">口腔</a></b>」。</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vulture_beak_sideview_A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vulture_beak_sideview_A.jpg/250px-Vulture_beak_sideview_A.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vulture_beak_sideview_A.jpg/375px-Vulture_beak_sideview_A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Vulture_beak_sideview_A.jpg/500px-Vulture_beak_sideview_A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2336" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>有黑色鳥喙的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E5%85%80%E9%B7%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="西域兀鷲">西域兀鷲</a>。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>鳥喙</b>，又稱<b>鳥嘴</b>，簡稱<b>喙</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或<b>嘴</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>是<a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F" title="鸟">鸟</a>类上下颌包被的硬角质鞘，相當於<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳动物">哺乳动物</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%BB%E7%AA%81" title="吻突">吻突</a>、唇和齿的功能。喙的主要功能是取食和梳理羽毛。某些<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="恐龍">恐龍</a>也有類似的構造，不過不一定與鳥類同源。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="喙的形态"><span id=".E5.96.99.E7.9A.84.E5.BD.A2.E6.80.81"></span>喙的形态</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：喙的形态"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="达尔文">达尔文</a>正是研究了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%95%E6%88%88%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="加拉帕戈斯群岛">加拉帕戈斯群岛</a>雀类的喙的变化从而提出了<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96%E8%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="进化论">进化论</a>的思想。喙的形态由于鸟类取食方式不同而有很大变异。鳥的喙可大致分為以下各類: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="16"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BirdBeaksA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BirdBeaksA.svg/240px-BirdBeaksA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="723" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BirdBeaksA.svg/360px-BirdBeaksA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BirdBeaksA.svg/480px-BirdBeaksA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></td> <td>Generalist/通用</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E9%B4%89" title="家鴉">家鴉</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Insect catching/食虫</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E9%B6%B2" title="灰鶲">灰鶲</a>：食<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="昆蟲">昆蟲</a>的鳥-尖而細長，方便從窄縫中把昆蟲抽出。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Grain eating/食谷</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E4%BA%9E%E9%B7%BD" title="歐亞鷽">红腹灰雀</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Coniferous-seed eating/食松</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E4%BA%A4%E5%98%B4%E9%9B%80" title="紅交嘴雀">紅交嘴雀</a>：上下喙是交叉的，无法对齐，这样可以方便从鲜<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E6%9E%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="松果">松果</a>中取出松子。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nectar feeding/食蜜</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%9C%9C%E9%B8%9F%E5%B1%9E" title="花蜜鸟属">花蜜鸟</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit eating/食果</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A9%E8%99%B9%E5%B7%A8%E5%98%B4%E9%B3%A5" title="彩虹巨嘴鳥">彩虹巨嘴鳥</a>：食<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E5%AE%9E" title="果实">果实</a>的鳥-粗短成圓錐形，方便把堅硬的果子咬破。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chiseling/凿木</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%85%B9%E9%BB%91%E5%95%84%E6%9C%A8%E9%B8%9F" title="白腹黑啄木鸟">白腹黑啄木鸟</a>：喙又硬又直，能撬开树皮或者在树干上啄洞。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dip netting/抄网</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%90%E9%B9%88%E9%B9%95" class="mw-redirect" title="褐鹈鹕">褐鹈鹕</a>：喙下有一个可以自由伸缩的大皮囊，可以用来储存食物。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Surface skimming</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%89%AA%E5%98%B4%E9%B8%A5" title="黑剪嘴鸥">黑剪嘴鸥</a>：下喙比上喙大而长，它贴近水面飞行时，可以用下喙在水中捞取食物。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Scything</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%98%B4%E9%B9%AC" title="反嘴鹬">反嘴鹬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Probing</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%AE%E5%98%B4%E9%B9%AC" title="鹮嘴鹬">鹮嘴鹬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Filter feeding</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E7%B4%85%E9%B8%9B" title="美洲紅鸛">美洲紅鸛</a>：上喙隆起而庞大，能像勺子一样捞取水中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%BB%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="藻类">藻类</a>。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Aerial fishing</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E9%B1%BC%E7%8B%97" title="斑鱼狗">斑鱼狗</a>：食<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="魚">魚</a>的鳥尖長及銳利，方便叉著游動的魚。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pursuit fishing</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E8%83%B8%E7%A7%8B%E6%B2%99%E9%B8%AD" title="红胸秋沙鸭">红胸秋沙鸭</a>：喙扁平而寬闊、边缘呈锯齿状，能把水中的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E6%B8%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="浮游生物">浮游生物</a>滤出来。 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Scavenging/食腐</td> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小黃頭美洲鷲" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E9%BB%83%E9%A0%AD%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E9%B7%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小黃頭美洲鷲（页面不存在）">小黃頭美洲鷲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesser_Yellow-headed_Vulture" class="extiw" title="en:Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture</span></a></span>）</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Raptorial/食肉</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B7%B9%E5%B1%AC" title="鷹屬">鷹</a>：食肉的鳥有粗壯、带鉤的喙，非常锋利，方便捕殺及撕開獵物。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="喙的特殊结构"><span id=".E5.96.99.E7.9A.84.E7.89.B9.E6.AE.8A.E7.BB.93.E6.9E.84"></span>喙的特殊结构</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：喙的特殊结构"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%80%E9%B8%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="犀鸟">犀鸟</a>的上喙基部形成巨大的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B4%E7%9B%94" class="mw-redirect" title="头盔">头盔</a>，其下的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E9%AA%BC" title="骨骼">骨骼</a>有窦隙形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%BB%B5" title="海绵">海绵</a>状结构以减轻喙的重量。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A7%E9%B8%A1%E7%A7%91" title="秧鸡科">秧鸡科</a>的鸟，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E9%A1%B6%E9%B8%A1" title="骨顶鸡">骨顶鸡</a>（<i>Fulica atra</i>）的上喙基部向后延伸形成<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%9D%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="额板（页面不存在）">额板</a>，下部也有骨板支持。</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卵牙" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Egg tooth"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B5%E7%89%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卵牙（页面不存在）">卵牙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_tooth" class="extiw" title="en:Egg tooth"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Egg tooth</span></a></span>）</span></span>：在雏鸟破壳前，其上喙顶端都长有一个向上突出的角质结构，称为“卵牙”，卵牙是用来帮助雏鸟啄开卵壳的，出壳后2-3天脱落。</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="嘴峰"><span id=".E5.98.B4.E5.B3.B0"></span>嘴峰</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：嘴峰"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>嘴峰（Culmen）是一條隆起線，從喙基與羽毛交界處開始，沿著喙的正中央延伸。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?o=dcbdic&searchid=W00000005144">【喙】</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216124348/http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?o=dcbdic&searchid=W00000005144">存档</a>于2021-02-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&rft.btitle=%E3%80%90%E5%96%99%E3%80%91&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdict.revised.moe.edu.tw%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcbdic%2Fgsweb.cgi%3Fo%3Ddcbdic%26searchid%3DW00000005144&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?o=dcbdic&searchid=W00000009649">【嘴】</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-11-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020080151/http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?o=dcbdic&searchid=W00000009649">存档</a>于2021-10-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&rft.btitle=%E3%80%90%E5%98%B4%E3%80%91&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdict.revised.moe.edu.tw%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcbdic%2Fgsweb.cgi%3Fo%3Ddcbdic%26searchid%3DW00000009649&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.termonline.cn/wordDetail?termName=%E5%98%B4%E5%B3%B0&subject=e5b0f4ab26b311ee874db068e6519520&base=1">嘴峰</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title="术语在线">术语在线</a>. 2021 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-07-30</span>]</span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（中国大陆）网页">（中文（中国大陆））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&rft.atitle=%E5%98%B4%E5%B3%B0&rft.date=2021&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.termonline.cn%2FwordDetail%3FtermName%3D%25E5%2598%25B4%25E5%25B3%25B0%26subject%3De5b0f4ab26b311ee874db068e6519520%26base%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E5%96%99&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="鳥類（綱：鳥綱）" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="Template:鳥類"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="Template talk:鳥類"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:鳥類"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="鳥類（綱：鳥綱）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F" title="鸟">鳥類</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B2" title="纲">綱</a>：鳥綱）</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="解剖學">解剖學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%B1%BB%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3%E5%89%96%E5%AD%A6" title="鸟类生理解剖学">鳥類解剖學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%A3%9B" title="鳥飛">飛行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B5" title="卵">卵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%BD%E6%AF%9B" title="羽毛">羽毛</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%BD%E6%AF%9B%E5%B1%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羽毛層（页面不存在）">羽毛層</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">喙</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類視覺（页面不存在）">視覺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%BE%E5%9E%8B#鸟类趾型" title="趾型">趾型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BE%E8%84%82%E8%85%BA" title="尾脂腺">尾脂腺</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">行為</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E7%99%BC%E8%81%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類發聲（页面不存在）">鳴叫</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類智能（页面不存在）">智能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%B1%BB%E8%BF%81%E5%BE%99" title="鸟类迁徙">鸟类迁徙</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B5%E5%8D%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類孵卵（页面不存在）">孵卵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A2%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F" title="巢寄生">巢寄生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A2" title="巢">巢</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E9%9B%9C%E7%A8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類雜種（页面不存在）">雜種</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="進化">進化</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鳥類起源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Origin of birds"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類起源（页面不存在）">鳥類起源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_birds" class="extiw" title="en:Origin of birds"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Origin of birds</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鳥類飛行起源" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Origin of birds"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類飛行起源（页面不存在）">鳥類飛行起源</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_birds" class="extiw" title="en:Origin of birds"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Origin of birds</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鳥類進化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Evolution of birds"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類進化（页面不存在）">鳥類進化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_birds" class="extiw" title="en:Evolution of birds"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Evolution of birds</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87%E9%9B%80" title="達爾文雀">達爾文雀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%B3%A5" title="海鳥">海鳥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E9%B3%A5%E5%9E%8B%E6%81%90%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="近鳥型恐龍">近鳥型恐龍</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化石鳥類列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of fossil bird genera"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化石鳥類列表（页面不存在）">化石鳥類列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fossil_bird_genera" class="extiw" title="en:List of fossil bird genera"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of fossil bird genera</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E7%BE%BD%E6%AF%9B%E6%81%90%E9%BE%8D" title="有羽毛恐龍">有羽毛恐龍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%AD%90%E9%B8%9F%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="孔子鸟目">孔子鳥目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%8B%E7%A5%96%E9%B3%A5%E5%B1%AC" title="始祖鳥屬">始祖鳥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="反鳥類">反鳥亞綱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%98%8F%E9%B3%A5%E7%9B%AE" title="黃昏鳥目">黃昏鳥目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">鳥類與人類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%BF%97" title="环志">环志</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="鳥類學">鳥類學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E6%A8%99%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類標本（页面不存在）">鳥類標本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="鳥類觀察">鳥類觀察</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E9%A4%B5%E9%A3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥類餵食（页面不存在）">鳥類餵食</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9D%E8%82%B2%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="保育鳥類（页面不存在）">保育</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A4%8A%E9%B3%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="養鳥（页面不存在）">養鳥</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E9%B3%A5%E6%89%93%E7%8D%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水鳥打獵（页面不存在）">水鳥打獵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%97%E9%B8%A1" title="斗鸡">斗鸡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E9%B4%BF" title="賽鴿">賽鴿</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AF%E9%B9%B0%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="驯鹰术（页面不存在）">驯鹰术</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B8%9F%E5%8D%B5%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鸟卵学（页面不存在）">鸟卵学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B8%9F%E7%9B%B8%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鸟相学（页面不存在）">鸟相学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">列表</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="鸟类分类系统">基于全基因组测序的鸟类分类系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%B1%BB%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="鸟类传统分类系统">鸟类传统分类系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9EDNA%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="鳥類DNA分類系統">鳥類DNA分類系統</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B3%A5%E7%A8%AE%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鳥種列表（页面不存在）">鳥種列表</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%84%E5%9C%B0%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="各地鳥類列表（页面不存在）">各地鳥類列表</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="近代絕種鳥類列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of recently extinct bird species"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%91%E4%BB%A3%E7%B5%95%E7%A8%AE%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="近代絕種鳥類列表（页面不存在）">近代絕種鳥類列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_recently_extinct_bird_species" class="extiw" title="en:List of recently extinct bird species"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of recently extinct bird species</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="晚第四紀史前鳥類列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E7%B4%80%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="晚第四紀史前鳥類列表（页面不存在）">晚第四紀史前鳥類列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Late_Quaternary_prehistoric_bird_species" class="extiw" title="en:List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">鳥綱</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%A2%9A%E7%B1%BB" title="古颚类">古顎下綱</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%B5%E9%B8%9F%E7%9B%AE" title="鸵鸟目">鸵鸟目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E9%B8%B5%E9%B8%9F%E5%B1%9E" title="美洲鸵鸟属">美洲鴕鳥目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B7%B8%E9%B4%95" title="鷸鴕">无翼目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%A4%E9%B8%B5%E7%9B%AE" title="鹤鸵目">鹤鸵目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B3%8D%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="䳍形目">䳍形目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8A%E9%A2%9A%E7%B1%BB" title="今颚类">今顎下綱</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%9E%E9%9B%81%E5%B0%8F%E7%B6%B1" title="雞雁小綱">雞雁小綱</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%81%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="雁形目">雁形目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A1%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鸡形目">鸡形目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%B3%A5%E5%B0%8F%E7%B6%B1" title="新鳥小綱">新鳥小綱</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%87%E5%BD%A2%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="鴇形總目">鴇形總目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%89%E9%B5%91" title="蕉鵑">蕉鵑目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A8" title="鸨">鴇形目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%B9%83%E7%A7%91" title="杜鹃科">鵑形目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%BF%E5%BD%A2%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="鴿形總目">鴿形總目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9F%E9%B9%91%E7%A7%91" title="拟鹑科">擬鶉目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E9%B8%A1%E7%A7%91" title="沙鸡科">沙雞目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%BD%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鸽形目">鸽形目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="夜鳥類">夜鳥類</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E9%B9%B0%E7%A7%91" title="夜鹰科">夜鷹目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E9%B8%B1" title="油鸱">油夜鹰目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E9%B8%B1%E7%A7%91" title="林鸱科">钩嘴夜鹰目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%86%E5%8F%A3%E9%B8%B1%E7%A7%91" title="蟆口鸱科">蛙口夜鹰目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B8%E9%BC%BB%E5%A4%9C%E9%B9%B0%E5%B1%9E" title="裸鼻夜鹰属">裸鼻夜鹰目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E7%87%95%E7%9B%AE" title="雨燕目">雨燕目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B6%B4%E5%BD%A2%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="鶴形總目">鶴形總目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%A4%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鹤形目">鹤形目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%BB%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鸻形目">鸻形目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%BF%B1%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="水濱鳥類">水濱鳥類</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E8%B9%9F%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="奇蹟鳥類">奇蹟鳥類</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%8A%E9%B7%89%E7%A7%91" title="鸊鷉科">䴙䴘目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%83%88%E9%B8%9F" title="火烈鸟">紅鸛目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%B3%BD%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="日鳽總目">日鳽總目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%B3%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="日鳽目">日鳽目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%8F%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鸏形目">鸏形目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="水鳥類">水鳥類</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%9C%E9%B8%9F%E7%9B%AE" title="潜鸟目">潜鸟目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%81%E9%B5%9D" title="企鵝">企鵝目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B1%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鹱形目">鹱形目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B3%E7%A7%91" title="鹳科">鸛形目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%A3%E9%B8%9F%E7%9B%AE" title="鲣鸟目">鲣鸟目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%88%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鹈形目">鹈形目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%9D%E9%9B%89" title="麝雉">麝雉目</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E9%B3%A5%E9%A1%9E" title="陸鳥類">陸鳥類</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B7%B9%E5%BD%A2%E7%9B%AE" title="鷹形目">鷹形目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%93%E9%A0%AD%E9%B7%B9" title="貓頭鷹">鴞形目</a></li></ul> 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