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Layout manager - Wikipedia

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href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layout_manager"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Layout_manager rootpage-Layout_manager skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Layout+manager" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=Layout+manager" title="You&#039;re encouraged to log in; however, it&#039;s not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Layout+manager" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=Layout+manager" title="You&#039;re encouraged to log in; however, it&#039;s not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Examples-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Examples subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-XUL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#XUL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>XUL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-XUL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-XAML" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#XAML"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>XAML</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-XAML-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Java" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Java"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Java</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Java-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Layout manager</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 3 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-3" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">3 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layoutmanager" title="Layoutmanager – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Layoutmanager" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A6%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8D%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3" title="レイアウトマネージャ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レイアウトマネージャ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%ACnh_qu%E1%BA%A3n_l%C3%BD_b%E1%BB%91_c%E1%BB%A5c" title="Trình quản lý bố cục – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trình quản lý bố cục" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1594330#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Layout_manager" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Layout_manager" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Layout_manager"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Layout_manager"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Layout_manager" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Layout_manager" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;oldid=1209896401" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&amp;page=Layout_manager&amp;id=1209896401&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLayout_manager"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLayout_manager"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Layout_manager&amp;action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1594330" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Layout managers</b> are <a href="/wiki/Software_component" title="Software component">software components</a> used in <a href="/wiki/Widget_toolkit" title="Widget toolkit">widget toolkits</a> which have the ability to lay out <a href="/wiki/Graphical_control_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphical control element">graphical control elements</a> by their relative positions without using distance units. It is often more natural to define component layouts in this manner than to define their position in <a href="/wiki/Pixel" title="Pixel">pixels</a> or common distance units, so a number of popular <a href="/wiki/Widget_toolkit" title="Widget toolkit">widget toolkits</a> include this ability by default. Widget toolkits that provide this function can generally be classified into two groups: </p> <ul><li>Those where the layout behavior is coded in special <a href="/wiki/Container_(data_structure)#Graphic_containers" class="mw-redirect" title="Container (data structure)">graphic containers</a>. This is the case in <a href="/wiki/XUL" title="XUL">XUL</a> and the <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a> widget toolkit (both in <a href="/wiki/Windows_Forms" title="Windows Forms">Windows Forms</a> and in <a href="/wiki/XAML" class="mw-redirect" title="XAML">XAML</a>).</li> <li>Those where the layout behavior is coded in layout managers, that can be applied to any graphic container. This is the case in the <a href="/wiki/Swing_(Java)" title="Swing (Java)">Swing</a> widget toolkit that is part of the <a href="/wiki/Java_Class_Library" title="Java Class Library">Java API</a>.</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="XUL">XUL</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: XUL"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/XUL" title="XUL">XUL</a>, like the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en/XUL_Tutorial/The_Box_Model">vbox</a> container to stack components on top of each other. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-xml mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot;?&gt;</span> <span class="cp">&lt;?xml-stylesheet href=&quot;chrome://global/skin/&quot; type=&quot;text/css&quot;?&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;window</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">&quot;vbox example&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">title=</span><span class="s">&quot;Example&quot;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">xmlns=</span><span class="s">&quot;http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul&quot;</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;vbox&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;button</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">&quot;yes&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">&quot;Yes&quot;</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;button</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">&quot;no&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">&quot;No&quot;</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;button</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">id=</span><span class="s">&quot;maybe&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">label=</span><span class="s">&quot;Maybe&quot;</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/vbox&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/window&gt;</span> </pre></div> <p>This piece of code shows 3 buttons stacked on top of each other in a vertical box. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="XAML">XAML</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: XAML"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.controls.dockpanel.aspx">DockPanel</a> container lays out children components according to their <i>Dock</i> properties. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-xml mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">&lt;Page</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">xmlns=</span><span class="s">&quot;http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation&quot;</span><span class="w"> </span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="na">WindowTitle=</span><span class="s">&quot;myDock Panel&quot;</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;DockPanel&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;TextBlock</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">DockPanel.Dock=</span><span class="s">&quot;Top&quot;</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Top<span class="w"> </span>1<span class="nt">&lt;/TextBlock&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;TextBlock</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">DockPanel.Dock=</span><span class="s">&quot;Top&quot;</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Top<span class="w"> </span>2<span class="nt">&lt;/TextBlock&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;TextBlock</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">DockPanel.Dock=</span><span class="s">&quot;Top&quot;</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Top<span class="w"> </span>3<span class="nt">&lt;/TextBlock&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;TextBlock</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="na">DockPanel.Dock=</span><span class="s">&quot;Top&quot;</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span>Top<span class="w"> </span>4<span class="nt">&lt;/TextBlock&gt;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">&lt;/DockPanel&gt;</span> <span class="nt">&lt;/Page&gt;</span> </pre></div> <p>This code shows 4 text blocks on top of each other. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Java">Java</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Java"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/19/docs/api/java.desktop/java/awt/FlowLayout.html">FlowLayout</a></code></b> layout manager arranges components in a directional flow, much like lines of text in a paragraph. It arranges components horizontally until no more components fit on the same line, then it places them on another line. Other layout managers are GridLayout managers which arrange the components in grid form and BorderLayout managers which also arranges the component in five parts of the frame, thus: south, north, west, east and center. </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-java mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">javax.swing.JFrame</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">javax.swing.JButton</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">java.awt.FlowLayout</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">java.awt.Container</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">Example</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JFrame</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Example</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JFrame</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;FlowLayout Demo&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">setDefaultCloseOperation</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">JFrame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">EXIT_ON_CLOSE</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">setLayout</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FlowLayout</span><span class="p">());</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Button 1&quot;</span><span class="p">)));</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Button 2&quot;</span><span class="p">)));</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Button 3&quot;</span><span class="p">)));</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Long-Named Button 4&quot;</span><span class="p">)));</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">JButton</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;5&quot;</span><span class="p">)));</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">pack</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">frame</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">setVisible</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">true</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Example</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Example</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>This code shows 5 buttons alongside each other on the same line: </p><p><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FlowLayoutDemo.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="The FlowLayout example"><img alt="The FlowLayout example" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/FlowLayoutDemo.gif" decoding="async" width="480" height="69" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="69" /></a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layout_manager&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/uiswing/layout/index.html">Layout tutorial on Oracle website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GUI_widgets" title="Template:GUI widgets"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GUI_widgets" title="Template talk:GUI widgets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GUI_widgets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GUI widgets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Graphical_control_elements" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Graphical_widget" title="Graphical widget">Graphical control elements</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Command input</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjustment_handle" title="Adjustment handle">Adjustment handle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Button_(computing)" title="Button (computing)">Button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Context_menu" title="Context menu">Context menu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop-down_list" title="Drop-down list">Drop-down list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_button" title="Hamburger button">Hamburger button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menu_(computing)" title="Menu (computing)">Menu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_menu" title="Pie menu">Pie menu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Data input-output</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Checkbox" title="Checkbox">Checkbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_picker" title="Color picker">Color picker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combo_box" title="Combo box">Combo box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_button" title="Cycle button">Cycle button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_picker" title="Date picker">Date picker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grid_view" title="Grid view">Grid view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toggle_switch_(widget)" title="Toggle switch (widget)">Toggle switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_box" title="List box">List box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_builder" title="List builder">List builder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_button" title="Radio button">Radio button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrollbar" title="Scrollbar">Scrollbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_box" title="Search box">Search box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slider_(computing)" title="Slider (computing)">Slider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinner_(computing)" title="Spinner (computing)">Spinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_box" title="Text box">Text box</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Informational</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balloon_help" title="Balloon help">Balloon help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HUD_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="HUD (computing)">Head-up display in computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HUD_(video_gaming)" class="mw-redirect" title="HUD (video gaming)">HUD in video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon_(computing)" title="Icon (computing)">Icon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infobar" title="Infobar">Infobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Label_(control)" title="Label (control)">Label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loading_screen" title="Loading screen">Loading screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_indicator" title="Progress indicator">Progress indicator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progress_bar" title="Progress bar">Progress bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splash_screen" title="Splash screen">Splash screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throbber" title="Throbber">Throbber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidebar_(computing)" title="Sidebar (computing)">Sidebar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Status_bar" title="Status bar">Status bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop-up_notification" title="Pop-up notification">Toast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooltip" title="Tooltip">Tooltip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Containers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accordion_(GUI)" title="Accordion (GUI)">Accordion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_view" title="Tree view">Tree view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Client-side_decoration" title="Client-side decoration">Client-side decoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disclosure_widget" title="Disclosure widget">Disclosure widget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_(GUI)" title="Frame (GUI)">Frame / Fieldset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menu_bar" title="Menu bar">Menu bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_(computer_software)" title="Panel (computer software)">Panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popover_(GUI)" title="Popover (GUI)">Popover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribbon_(computing)" title="Ribbon (computing)">Ribbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tab_(interface)" title="Tab (interface)">Tab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toolbar" title="Toolbar">Toolbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Window_(computing)" title="Window (computing)">Window</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Window_decoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Window decoration">Window decoration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workspace" title="Workspace">Workspace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navigational</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Address_bar" title="Address bar">Address bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breadcrumb_navigation" title="Breadcrumb navigation">Breadcrumb navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlink" title="Hyperlink">Hyperlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navigation_bar" title="Navigation bar">Navigation bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_desktop" title="Virtual desktop">Virtual desktop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap">Special <a href="/wiki/Window_(computing)" title="Window (computing)">windows</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alert_dialog_box" title="Alert dialog box">Alert dialog box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialog_box" title="Dialog box">Dialog box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_dialog" title="File dialog">File dialog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspector_window" title="Inspector window">Inspector window</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modal_window" title="Modal window">Modal window</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palette_window" title="Palette window">Palette window</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File_viewer" title="File viewer">File viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_graphical_user_interface_elements" title="List of graphical user interface elements">List of graphical user interface 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