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Maamar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Laidi Maamar"> <meta name="keywords" content="Laidi Maamar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Laidi Maamar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Laidi Maamar</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Modeling of Global Solar Radiation on a Horizontal Surface Using Artificial Neural Network: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laidi%20Maamar">Laidi Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanini%20Salah"> Hanini Salah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work investigates the potential of artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict the horizontal global solar radiation (HGSR). The ANN is developed and optimized using three years meteorological database from 2011 to 2013 available at the meteorological station of Blida (Blida 1 university, Algeria, Latitude 36.5°, Longitude 2.81° and 163 m above mean sea level). Optimal configuration of the ANN model has been determined by minimizing the Root Means Square Error (RMSE) and maximizing the correlation coefficient (R2) between observed and predicted data with the ANN model. To select the best ANN architecture, we have conducted several tests by using different combinations of parameters. A two-layer ANN model with six hidden neurons has been found as an optimal topology with (RMSE=4.036 W/m²) and (R²=0.999). A graphical user interface (GUI), was designed based on the best network structure and training algorithm, to enhance the users’ friendliness application of the model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20solar%20radiation" title=" global solar radiation"> global solar radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34947/modeling-of-global-solar-radiation-on-a-horizontal-surface-using-artificial-neural-network-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Support Vector Regression Combined with Different Optimization Algorithms to Predict Global Solar Radiation on Horizontal Surfaces in Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laidi%20Maamar">Laidi Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Achwak%20Madani"> Achwak Madani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellah%20El%20Ahdj%20Abdellah"> Abdellah El Ahdj Abdellah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to use Support Vector regression (SVR) combined with dragonfly, firefly, Bee Colony and particle swarm Optimization algorithm to predict global solar radiation on horizontal surfaces in some cities in Algeria. Combining these optimization algorithms with SVR aims principally to enhance accuracy by fine-tuning the parameters, speeding up the convergence of the SVR model, and exploring a larger search space efficiently; these parameters are the regularization parameter (C), kernel parameters, and epsilon parameter. By doing so, the aim is to improve the generalization and predictive accuracy of the SVR model. Overall, the aim is to leverage the strengths of both SVR and optimization algorithms to create a more powerful and effective regression model for various cities and under different climate conditions. Results demonstrate close agreement between predicted and measured data in terms of different metrics. In summary, SVM has proven to be a valuable tool in modeling global solar radiation, offering accurate predictions and demonstrating versatility when combined with other algorithms or used in hybrid forecasting models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20vector%20regression%20%28SVR%29" title="support vector regression (SVR)">support vector regression (SVR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20algorithms" title=" optimization algorithms"> optimization algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20solar%20radiation%20prediction" title=" global solar radiation prediction"> global solar radiation prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20forecasting%20models" title=" hybrid forecasting models"> hybrid forecasting models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186719/support-vector-regression-combined-with-different-optimization-algorithms-to-predict-global-solar-radiation-on-horizontal-surfaces-in-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Existence Solutions for Three Point Boundary Value Problem for Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Houas">Mohamed Houas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Benbachir"> Maamar Benbachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, under weak assumptions, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a nonlinear fractional boundary value problem. New existence and uniqueness results are established using Banach contraction principle. Other existence results are obtained using scheafer and krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem. At the end, some illustrative examples are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caputo%20derivative" title="caputo derivative">caputo derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20value%20problem" title=" boundary value problem"> boundary value problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20point%20theorem" title=" fixed point theorem"> fixed point theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20conditions" title=" local conditions"> local conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13970/existence-solutions-for-three-point-boundary-value-problem-for-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Non-Linear Control in Positioning of PMLSM by Estimates of the Load Force by MRAS Method </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Yahiaoui">Maamar Yahiaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrrahmene%20Kechich"> Abdelrrahmene Kechich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Elkhallile%20Bousserhene"> Ismail Elkhallile Bousserhene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents a study in simulation by means of MATLAB/Simulink software of the nonlinear control in positioning of a linear synchronous machine with the esteemed force of load, to have effective control in the estimator in all tests the wished trajectory follows and the disturbance of load start. The results of simulation prove clearly that the control proposed can detect the reference of positioning the value estimates of load force equal to the actual value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title="mathematical model">mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matlab" title=" Matlab"> Matlab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMLSM" title=" PMLSM"> PMLSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control" title=" control"> control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linearization" title=" linearization"> linearization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimator" title=" estimator"> estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force" title=" force"> force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load" title=" load"> load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current" title=" current "> current </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11469/non-linear-control-in-positioning-of-pmlsm-by-estimates-of-the-load-force-by-mras-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Neural Nets Based Approach for 2-Cells Power Converter Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Laidi">Kamel Laidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khelifa%20Benmansour"> Khelifa Benmansour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouahid%20Bouchhida"> Ouahid Bouchhida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neural networks-based approach for 2-cells serial converter has been developed and implemented. The approach is based on a behavioural description of the different operating modes of the converter. Each operating mode represents a well-defined configuration, and for which is matched an operating zone satisfying given invariance conditions, depending on the capacitors' voltages and the load current of the converter. For each mode, a control vector whose components are the control signals to be applied to the converter switches has been associated. Therefore, the problem is reduced to a classification task of the different operating modes of the converter. The artificial neural nets-based approach, which constitutes a powerful tool for this kind of task, has been adopted and implemented. The application to a 2-cells chopper has allowed ensuring efficient and robust control of the load current and a high capacitors voltages balancing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20nets" title="neural nets">neural nets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control" title=" control"> control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicellular%20converters" title=" multicellular converters"> multicellular converters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-cells%20chopper" title=" 2-cells chopper"> 2-cells chopper</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136479/neural-nets-based-approach-for-2-cells-power-converter-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">834</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Modeling of Hydrogen Production by Inductively Coupled Methane Plasma for Input Power Pin=700W</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelatif%20Gadoum">Abdelatif Gadoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djilali%20Benyoucef"> Djilali Benyoucef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouloudj%20Hadj"> Mouloudj Hadj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alla%20Eddine%20Toubal%20Maamar"> Alla Eddine Toubal Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Habib%20Allah%20%20Lahoual"> Mohamed Habib Allah Lahoual</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen occurs naturally in the form of chemical compounds, most often in water and hydrocarbons. The main objective of this study is 2D modeling of hydrogen production in inductively coupled plasma in methane at low pressure. In the present model, we include the motions and the collisions of both neutral and charged particles by considering 19 species (i.e in total ; neutrals, radicals, ions, and electrons), and more than 120 reactions (electron impact with methane, neutral-neutral, neutral-ions and surface reactions). The results show that the rate conversion of methane reach 90% and the hydrogen production is about 30%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20production" title="hydrogen production">hydrogen production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inductively%20coupled%20plasma" title=" inductively coupled plasma"> inductively coupled plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20model" title=" fluid model"> fluid model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane%20plasma" title=" methane plasma"> methane plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123259/modeling-of-hydrogen-production-by-inductively-coupled-methane-plasma-for-input-power-pin700w" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Study and Analysis of Optical Intersatellite Links</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boudene%20Maamar">Boudene Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Mai"> Xu Mai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical Intersatellite Links (OISLs) are wireless communications using optical signals to interconnect satellites. It is expected to be the next generation wireless communication technology according to its inherent characteristics like: an increased bandwidth, a high data rate, a data transmission security, an immunity to interference, and an unregulated spectrum etc. Optical space links are the best choice for the classical communication schemes due to its distinctive properties; high frequency, small antenna diameter and lowest transmitted power, which are critical factors to define a space communication. This paper discusses the development of free space technology and analyses the parameters and factors to establish a reliable intersatellite links using an optical signal to exchange data between satellites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20intersatellite%20links" title="optical intersatellite links">optical intersatellite links</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20wireless%20communications" title=" optical wireless communications"> optical wireless communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20space%20optical%20communications" title=" free space optical communications"> free space optical communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=next%20generation%20wireless%20communication" title=" next generation wireless communication"> next generation wireless communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46827/study-and-analysis-of-optical-intersatellite-links" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> New Concept for Real Time Selective Harmonics Elimination Based on Lagrange Interpolation Polynomials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Makhlouf">B. Makhlouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Bouchhida"> O. Bouchhida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nibouche"> M. Nibouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Laidi"> K. Laidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A variety of methods for selective harmonics elimination pulse width modulation have been developed, the most frequently used for real-time implementation based on look-up tables method. To address real-time requirements based in modified carrier signal is proposed in the presented work, with a general formulation to real-time harmonics control/elimination in switched inverters. Firstly, the proposed method has been demonstrated for a single value of the modulation index. However, in reality, this parameter is variable as a consequence of the voltage (amplitude) variability. In this context, a simple interpolation method for calculating the modified sine carrier signal is proposed. The method allows a continuous adjustment in both amplitude and frequency of the fundamental. To assess the performance of the proposed method, software simulations and hardware experiments have been carried out in the case of a single-phase inverter. Obtained results are very satisfactory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonic%20elimination" title="harmonic elimination">harmonic elimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Particle%20Swarm%20Optimisation%20%28PSO%29" title=" Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO)"> Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polynomial%20interpolation" title=" polynomial interpolation"> polynomial interpolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20width%20modulation" title=" pulse width modulation"> pulse width modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real-time%20harmonics%20control" title=" real-time harmonics control"> real-time harmonics control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20inverter" title=" voltage inverter"> voltage inverter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32807/new-concept-for-real-time-selective-harmonics-elimination-based-on-lagrange-interpolation-polynomials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> A New Resonance Solution to Suppress the Voltage Stresses in the Forward Topology Used in a Switch Mode Power Supply</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Latroch">Maamar Latroch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bourahla"> Mohamed Bourahla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forward topology used in switch mode power supply (SMPS) is one of the most famous configuration feeding DC systems such as telecommunication systems and other specific applications where the galvanic isolation is required. This configuration benefits of the high frequency feature of the transformer to provide a small size and light weight of the over all system. However, the stresses existing on the power switch during an ON/OFF commutation limit the transmitted power to the DC load. This paper investigates the main causes of the stresses in voltage existing during a commutation cycle and suggest a low cost solution that eliminates the overvoltage. As a result, this configuration will yield the possibility of the use of this configuration in higher power applications. Simulation results will show the efficiency of the presented method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switch%20mode%20power%20supply" title="switch mode power supply">switch mode power supply</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forward%20topology" title=" forward topology"> forward topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonance%20topology" title=" resonance topology"> resonance topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20frequency%20commutation" title=" high frequency commutation"> high frequency commutation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32934/a-new-resonance-solution-to-suppress-the-voltage-stresses-in-the-forward-topology-used-in-a-switch-mode-power-supply" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32934.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Experimental Set-Up for Investigation of Fault Diagnosis of a Centrifugal Pump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Ali%20Saud%20Al%20Tobi">Maamar Ali Saud Al Tobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geraint%20Bevan"> Geraint Bevan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20P.%20Ramachandran"> K. P. Ramachandran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Wallace"> Peter Wallace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Harrison"> David Harrison</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Centrifugal pumps are complex machines which can experience different types of fault. Condition monitoring can be used in centrifugal pump fault detection through vibration analysis for mechanical and hydraulic forces. Vibration analysis methods have the potential to be combined with artificial intelligence systems where an automatic diagnostic method can be approached. An automatic fault diagnosis approach could be a good option to minimize human error and to provide a precise machine fault classification. This work aims to introduce an approach to centrifugal pump fault diagnosis based on artificial intelligence and genetic algorithm systems. An overview of the future works, research methodology and proposed experimental setup is presented and discussed. The expected results and outcomes based on the experimental work are illustrated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centrifugal%20pump%20setup" title="centrifugal pump setup">centrifugal pump setup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vibration%20analysis" title=" vibration analysis"> vibration analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66155/experimental-set-up-for-investigation-of-fault-diagnosis-of-a-centrifugal-pump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Good Marketing is an Important Factor for the Success of the Institution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Moumena">Maamar Moumena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> the Follower of the movement of international competition finds that the success of Japanese companies to break into global markets and win a competitive edge and meet the challenges of this competition, due primarily to the adoption of these companies to the modern concept of marketing, and possession of sophisticated marketing systems, with a focus on pricing policy. The institution's ability to produce goods and services be limited unless accompanied by an effective marketing effort. So the satisfaction of the consumer needs efficiently and effectiveness are unwarranted economic and social presence in the market, and ensure the continuity and achieve their goals, and this can only be achieved through marketing activity, where he activity facet which translates the output of the institution and its presence in the form of financial compensation, and that the inclusion of and marketing function within the functions of the institution and awarded each of gravity reflects the extent of their importance in the conduct of the future of the institution, and depending on excellence in performance and a good application of the basic concepts of marketing and primarily make the consumer focus of attention, so the pleasing of the consumer and earn his allegiance reflects the success of an organization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title="competition">competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing"> marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institution" title=" institution"> institution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer" title=" consumer"> consumer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18264/good-marketing-is-an-important-factor-for-the-success-of-the-institution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> GIS for Simulating Air Traffic by Applying Different Multi-radar Positioning Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amara%20Rafik">Amara Rafik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bougherara%20Maamar"> Bougherara Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belhadj%20Aissa%20Mostefa"> Belhadj Aissa Mostefa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radar data is one of the many data sources used by ATM Air Traffic Management systems. These data come from air navigation radar antennas. These radars intercept signals emitted by the various aircraft crossing the controlled airspace and calculate the position of these aircraft and retransmit their positions to the Air Traffic Management System. For greater reliability, these radars are positioned in such a way as to allow their coverage areas to overlap. An aircraft will therefore be detected by at least one of these radars. However, the position coordinates of the same aircraft and sent by these different radars are not necessarily identical. Therefore, the ATM system must calculate a single position (radar track) which will ultimately be sent to the control position and displayed on the air traffic controller's monitor. There are several techniques for calculating the radar track. Furthermore, the geographical nature of the problem requires the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS), i.e. a geographical database on the one hand and geographical processing. The objective of this work is to propose a GIS for traffic simulation which reconstructs the evolution over time of aircraft positions from a multi-source radar data set and by applying these different techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ATM" title="ATM">ATM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radar%20data" title=" radar data"> radar data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20traffic%20simulation" title=" air traffic simulation"> air traffic simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168613/gis-for-simulating-air-traffic-by-applying-different-multi-radar-positioning-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Robust Heart Sounds Segmentation Based on the Variation of the Phonocardiogram Curve Length</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mecheri%20Zeid%20Belmecheri">Mecheri Zeid Belmecheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Ahfir"> Maamar Ahfir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izzet%20Kale"> Izzet Kale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Automatic cardiac auscultation is still a subject of research in order to establish an objective diagnosis. Recorded heart sounds as Phonocardiogram signals (PCG) can be used for automatic segmentation into components that have clinical meanings. These are the first sound, S1, the second sound, S2, and the systolic and diastolic components, respectively. In this paper, an automatic method is proposed for the robust segmentation of heart sounds. This method is based on calculating an intermediate sawtooth-shaped signal from the length variation of the recorded Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal in the time domain and, using its positive derivative function that is a binary signal in training a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Results obtained in the context of a large database of recorded PCGs with their simultaneously recorded ElectroCardioGrams (ECGs) from different patients in clinical settings, including normal and abnormal subjects, show a segmentation testing performance average of 76 % sensitivity and 94 % specificity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20sounds" title="heart sounds">heart sounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCG%20segmentation" title=" PCG segmentation"> PCG segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=event%20detection" title=" event detection"> event detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recurrent%20neural%20networks" title=" recurrent neural networks"> recurrent neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCG%20curve%20length" title=" PCG curve length"> PCG curve length</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157289/robust-heart-sounds-segmentation-based-on-the-variation-of-the-phonocardiogram-curve-length" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Deflection Effect on Mirror for Space Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Fatouma">Maamar Fatouma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mirror optical performance can experience varying levels of stress and tolerances, which can have a notable impact on optical parametric systems. to ensure proper optical figure and position of mirror mounting within design tolerances, it is crucial to have a robust support structure in place for optical systems. The optical figure tolerance determines the allowable deviation from the ideal form of the mirror and the position tolerance determines the location and orientations of the optical axis of the optical systems. A variety of factors influence the optical figure of the mirror. Included are self-weight (Deflection), excitation from temperature change, temperature gradients and dimensional instability. This study employs an analytical approach and finite element method to examine the effects of stress resulting from mirror mounting on the wavefront passing through the mirror. The combined effect of tolerance and deflection on mirror performance is represented by an error budget. Numerical mirror mounting is presented to illustrate the space application of performance techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opto-mechanical" title="opto-mechanical">opto-mechanical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bonded%20optic" title=" bonded optic"> bonded optic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tolerance" title=" tolerance"> tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-weight%20distortion" title=" self-weight distortion"> self-weight distortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayleigh%20criteria" title=" Rayleigh criteria"> Rayleigh criteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172854/deflection-effect-on-mirror-for-space-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Study of the Efficiency of a Synthetic Wax for Corrosion Protection of Steel in Aggressive Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laidi%20Babouri">Laidi Babouri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The remarkable properties of steel, such as hardness and impact resistance, motivate their use in the automotive manufacturing industry. However, due to the very vulnerable environmental conditions of use, the steel that makes up the car body can corrode. This situation is motivating more and more automobile manufacturers to develop research to develop processes minimizing the rate of degradation of the physicomechanical properties of these materials. The present work falls within this perspective; it presents the results of a research study focused on the use of synthetic wax for the protection of steel, type XES (DC04), against corrosion in aggressive environments. The media used in this study are an acid medium with a pH=5.6, a 3% chloride medium, and a dry medium. Evaluation of the protective power of synthetic wax in different environments was carried out using mass loss techniques (immersion), completed by electrochemical techniques (stationary and transient). The results of the immersion of the steel samples, with a surface area of (1.44 cm²), in the various media, for a period of 30 days, using the immersion technique, showed high protective efficiency of synthetic wax in acidic and saline environments, with a lesser degree in a dry environment. Moreover, the study of the protective power, using electrochemical techniques, confirmed the results obtained in static mode (loss of mass), the protective efficiency of synthetic wax, against the corrosion of steel, in different environments, which reaches a maximum rate of 99.87% in a saline environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title="corrosion">corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel" title=" steel"> steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20wax" title=" industrial wax"> industrial wax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20loss" title=" mass loss"> mass loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20techniques" title=" electrochemical techniques"> electrochemical techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165660/study-of-the-efficiency-of-a-synthetic-wax-for-corrosion-protection-of-steel-in-aggressive-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Elaboration and Characterization of a Composite Based on Plant Sisal Fiber</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biskri%20Yasmina">Biskri Yasmina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laidi%20Babouri"> Laidi Babouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dehas%20Ouided"> Dehas Ouided</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bougherira%20Nadjiba"> Bougherira Nadjiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baghloul%20Rahima"> Baghloul Rahima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Algeria is one of the countries which have extraordinary resources in vegetable fibers (Palmier, Alfa, Cotton, Sisal). Unfortunately, their valorization in the practical fields, among other things, in building materials, is still little exploited. Several works align with the fact that the use of plant fibers in mortar is an advantageous solution, given its abundance and its socio-economic and environmental impact. The idea of introducing plant fiber into the field of Civil Engineering is not new. Based on the work of several researchers in this field, we propose to study the mechanical behavior of mortar based on Sisal fibers. This work consists of the experimental characterization in the fresh state (workability) and in the hardened state (mechanical resistance to compression and traction by three-point bending) on the scale of mortar mortars based on sisal plant fibers. The main objective of this work is the study of the effect of fiber incorporation on mechanical properties (compressive strength and three-point bending strength). In this study, we varied two parameters, such as the length of the fiber (7cm, 10 cm) and the fibers percentage (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25% and 1.5%). The results show that there is a slight increase in the compressive strength of the fiber-reinforced mortars compared to the reference mortar (mortar without fibers). With regard to the three-point bending tests, the fiber-reinforced mortars presented higher resistances compared to the reference mortar and this was for the different lengths and different percentages studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortar" title="mortar">mortar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20fiber" title=" plant fiber"> plant fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimentation" title=" experimentation"> experimentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20characterization" title=" mechanical characterization"> mechanical characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis" title=" analysis"> analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166675/elaboration-and-characterization-of-a-composite-based-on-plant-sisal-fiber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Clinical and Etiological Particularities of Infectious Uveitis in HIV+ and HIV- Patients in the Internal Medicine Department</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Jait">N. Jait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Maamar"> M. Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Khibri"> H. Khibri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Harmouche"> H. Harmouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mouatssim"> N. Mouatssim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Ammouri"> W. Ammouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Tazimezaelek"> Z. Tazimezaelek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Adnaoui"> M. Adnaoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Uveitis presents with inflammation of the uvea, intraocular, of heterogeneous etiology and presentation. The objective of our study is to describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of infectious uveitis in HIV+ and HIV- patients. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at the internal medicine department of CHU Ibn Sina in Rabat over a period of 12 years (2010–2021), collecting 42 cases of infectious uveitis. Results: 42 patients were identified. 34% (14 cases) had acquired immunosuppression (9 cases: 22% had HIV infection and 12% were on chemotherapy), and 66% were immunocompetent. The M/F sex ratio was 1.1. The average age was 39 years old. Uveitis revealed HIV in a single case; 8/9 patients have already been followed, their average viral load is 3.4 log and an average CD4 count is 356/mm³. The revealing functional signs were: ocular redness (27%), decreased visual acuity (63%), visual blurring (40%), ocular pain (18%), scotoma (13%), and headaches (4%). The uveitis was site: anterior (30%), intermediate (6%), posterior (32%), and pan-uveitis (32%); unilateral in 80% of patients and bilateral in 20%. The etiologies of uveitis in HIV+ were: 3 cases of CMV, 2 cases of toxoplasmosis, 1 case of tuberculosis, 1 case of HSV, 1 case of VZV, and 1 case of syphilis. Etiologies of immunocompetent patients: tuberculosis (41%), toxoplasmosis (18%), syphilis (15%), CMV infection (4 cases: 10%), HSV infection (4 cases: 10%) , lepromatous uveitis (1 case: 2%), VZV infection (1 case: 2%), a locoregional infectious cause such as dental abscess (1 case: 2%), and one case of borreliosis (3% ). 50% of tuberculous uveitis was of the pan-uveitis type, 75% of the uveitis by toxoplasmosis was of the posterior type. Uveitis was associated with other pathologies in 2 seropositive cases (cerebral vasculitis, multifocal tuberculosis). A specific treatment was prescribed in all patients. The initial evolution was favorable in 67%, including 12% HIV+. 11% presented relapses of the same seat during uveitis of the toxoplasmic, tuberculous and herpetic type. 47% presented complications, of which 4 patients were HIV+: 3 retinal detachments; 7 Retinal hemorrhages. 6 unilateral blindness (including 2 HIV+ patients). Conclusion: In our series, the etiologies of infectious uveitis differ between HIV+ and HIV- patients. In HIV+ patients most often had toxoplasmosis and CMV, while HIV - patients mainly presented with tuberculosis and toxoplasmosis. The association between HIV and uveitis is undetermined, but HIV infection was an independent risk factor for uveitis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uveitis" title="uveitis">uveitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV" title=" HIV"> HIV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunosuppression" title=" immunosuppression"> immunosuppression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154246/clinical-and-etiological-particularities-of-infectious-uveitis-in-hiv-and-hiv-patients-in-the-internal-medicine-department" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>