Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol y cómo identificar un problema

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href="/es-do/support-with-drinking">Apoyo contra el consumo nocivo de alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/es-do/about-alcohol">Acerca del alcohol</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </header>  <main role="main" id="main-content-wrapper" class="main-content-wrapper drinkiqmain " data-polltype="motivation"> <section class="article-item pb-0"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="article-item-content column-start-1 column-end-13 pb-24"> <p class="article-category mb-16"> Apoyo contra el consumo nocivo de alcohol </p> <h1 class="article-item-title h1-lg text-black fw-800 " data-id="{8C0F8158-DC65-4BF2-996E-B1169CB26613}" data-title='Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol y cómo identificar un problema'> Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol y cómo identificar un problema </h1> <div class="article-description fw-300"> Desde la forma de reconocer los signos de la dependencia hasta los tipos de tratamientos disponibles, existen varios factores a considerar cuando se trata de un problema con el consumo de alcohol.<br/><br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="share-icons page-share "> <a href="javascript:;" class="share-on-facebook icon icon-facebook d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center facebook-icon position-relative"><span class="invisible">Facebook</span></a> <a href="javascript:;" class="share-on-whatsapp icon icon-whatsapp d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center whatsapp-icon position-relative"><span class="invisible">Whatsapp</span></a> <a href="javascript:;" class="share-on-email icon icon-email d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center mail-icon position-relative"><span class="invisible">Mail</span></a> </div> <section class="image-with-caption-wrapper pb-0"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="image-with-caption column-start-1 column-end-13 pb-48"> <div class="image-caption-image column-start-1 column-end-13"> <picture data-animate data-animation="fade-in"> <source data-srcset='/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/what-is-alcohol-use-disorder-and-how-can-you-tell-if-theres-a-problem.webp' media="(min-width: 992px)"> <source data-srcset='/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/what-is-alcohol-use-disorder-and-how-can-you-tell-if-theres-a-problem.webp' media="(min-width: 767px)"> <img class="lazy w-100" data-src='/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/what-is-alcohol-use-disorder-and-how-can-you-tell-if-theres-a-problem.webp' alt='Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol y cómo identificar un problema'> <noscript> <img src='/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/what-is-alcohol-use-disorder-and-how-can-you-tell-if-theres-a-problem.webp' alt='Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol y cómo identificar un problema' /> </noscript> </picture> </div> <figcaption class="caption column-start-1 column-end-13 text-caption"> Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol y cómo identificar un problema </figcaption> </div> </div> </section> <section class="config-text pt-0 pb-16"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="config-text-content column-start-1 column-end-13"> <h2>El consumo de alcohol excesivo y constante puede ser un indicio de que necesita buscar asesoría para reevaluar su consumo de alcohol.</h2> <p>Para algunas personas, un problema con el consumo de alcohol puede ser temporal y puede relacionarse con el estrés u otros problemas; sin embargo, esto aún los pone en riesgo de dañarse a sí mismos, a otros y a sus relaciones. Si tiene problemas, la mejor forma de tomar acciones siempre es buscar asistencia profesional, ya que muchas personas pueden aprender a manejar con éxito su consumo de alcohol con solo cambiar algunas conductas.</p> <p>Sin embargo, hay otras personas con un consumo de alcohol más excesivo y constante donde los efectos son más severos. Puede que tengan necesidad de beber con más frecuencia y experimentar efectos físicos de abstinencia poco placenteros cuando dejan de hacerlo <a href="#refs1"><sup>(1)</sup></a>. Incluso podrían renunciar a hacer actividades placenteras, abandonar relaciones y descuidar otras áreas de sus vida con el fin de concentrarse en el consumo de alcohol. Estos síntomas sugieren que pueda existir una dependencia al alcohol, también conocida como Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol (AUD). Las personas con problemas severos del consumo de alcohol necesitan atención de expertos y es probable que también necesiten tratamiento.</p> <h2>Existen recursos disponibles para ayudarlo a entender si su consumo de alcohol es arriesgado e identificar las acciones relacionadas más adecuadas.</h2> <p>Si le preocupa su consumo de alcohol, existen herramientas que le pueden ayudar a determinar la gravedad de sus síntomas y qué puede hacer para cambiar sus hábitos. Si le preocupa el consumo de alcohol de alguien más, estos recursos pueden ayudarlo a brindarle asistencia.</p> <p>Como primer paso, una herramienta simple llamada AUDIT (Test de Identificación del Trastorno por Uso del Alcohol) <a href="#refs2"><sup>(2, 3)</sup></a> puede ayudarlo a descubrir si debería preocuparse. El AUDIT también puede ayudarlo a identificar si necesita ayuda profesional para realizar un seguimiento con un especialista calificado, puede hacer el test <a href="/es-do/audit"> aquí</a>.</p> <p>Para muchas personas, la intervención de un profesional puede ayudar a entender por qué consume alcohol y qué cambios puede hacer. Según la gravedad de su problema, un método llamado "intervención breve" podría ayudar para cambiar su conducta. Este método lo desarrolló la Organización Mundial de la Salud para ayudar a las personas que no son dependientes y ha probado su eficacia en materia de cambio<a href="#refs4"><sup>(4, 6)</sup></a></p> <h2>El Trastorno por Uso de Alcohol (AUD) es una condición mental completa con una gran variedad de causas, pero también con muchas opciones de tratamientos</h2> <p>Es probable que una intervención breve no sea suficiente si sus problemas son más graves <a href="#refs7"><sup>(7)</sup></a> El Trastorno por Uso de Alcohol (AUD) es una condición de salud mental y puede presentarse en forma de adicción o dependencia, con frecuencia llamada “alcoholismo” <a href="#refs1"><sup>(1, 8)</sup></a>. Las personas con dependencia tienen una fuerte necesidad de consumir alcohol y experimentan efectos físicos poco placenteros de abstinencia cuando no beben. Pueden renunciar a hacer actividades recreativas o a relaciones y concentrar toda su atención en el consumo de alcohol. El resultado de su consumo puede involucrar lesiones o dañar a otras personas.</p> <p>Las raíces del Trastorno por Uso de Alcohol (AUD) son complejas y diferentes de una persona a otra.</p> <ul> <li> La genética también cumple un papel y<a href="/es-do/drinking-and-your-body/what-do-family-and-medical-histories-mean-for-how-drinking-affects-you"> algunas familias pueden tener un historial de AUD</a> <a href="#refs8"><sup>(8-10)</sup></a></li> <li> El estrés y las relaciones complicadas pueden aumentar el riesgo de desarrollo del AUD <a href="#refs8"><sup>(8, 11, 12)</sup></a></li> <li> La gente con trastorno por Uso de Alcohol (AUD) con frecuencia tienen trastornos del estado de ánimo y otras  <a href="/es-do/drinking-and-your-mind/what-are-the-effects-of-drinking-on-mental-health">condiciones de salud mental </a> lo que sugiere una relación común entre estos.<a href="#refs8"><sup>(8, 13)</sup></a></li> <li> La gente que comienza a <a href="/es-do/about-alcohol/why-is-underage-drinking-illegal-and-dangerous">consumir alcohol en exceso a temprana edad</a> incrementa la probabilidad de tener un problema con el consumo de alcohol y de AUD en algún punto de la vida <a href="#refs14"><sup>(14, 15)</sup></a></li> </ul> <p>El AUD rara vez tiene una sola causa, sino que es el resultado de una combinación de diferentes factores. Además, existen muchas razones por las que algunas personas desarrollan el AUD y otras no. Es importante recordar que un problema con el consumo de alcohol no es signo de debilidad ni una falta moral.</p> <p>Como otros tipos de adicción y problemas de salud mental, el consumo de alcohol problemático y el AUD pueden tratarse. El mejor tratamiento dependerá de la gravedad del problema y de sus causas subyacentes e individuales. Para algunas personas, los grupos de autoayuda y de apoyo como Alcohólicos Anónimos son el mejor método. Algunas otras personas responden mejor al tratamiento psiquiátrico y a la terapia, o a la medicación que puede ayudarlos a detener el consumo de alcohol. Cual sea el rumbo del tratamiento o la intervención, si tiene AUD o conoce a alguien que lo tenga, un entorno adecuado y una red de apoyo es clave para obtener un resultado positivo.</p> <div id="gtx-trans" style="position: absolute; left: 442px; top: 695.396px;"> <div class="gtx-trans-icon"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="module-link-box pt-0 "> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="link-box column-start-1 column-end-13 "> <a class="link-wrapper d-flex" href='https://www.apa.org/' target='_blank' title='Se abre en una nueva ventana' data-linktype='external' aria-label="Cómo comprender los trastornos por consumo de alcohol y su tratamiento"> <div class="link-icon"> <span class="external-link white"></span> </div> <div class="link-content"> <div class="link-text fw-800"> Cómo comprender los trastornos por consumo de alcohol y su tratamiento </div> <span class=""> https://www.apa.org/ </span> <span class="small-link-icon external-link"> </span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="link-box column-start-1 column-end-13 "> <a class="link-wrapper d-flex" href='http://www.imss.gob.mx/' target='_blank' title='Se abre en una nueva ventana' data-linktype='external' aria-label="¿Qué es la dependencia al alcohol?"> <div class="link-icon"> <span class="external-link white"></span> </div> <div class="link-content"> <div class="link-text fw-800"> ¿Qué es la dependencia al alcohol? </div> <span class=""> http://www.imss.gob.mx/ </span> <span class="small-link-icon external-link"> </span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="link-box column-start-1 column-end-13 "> <a class="link-wrapper d-flex" href='http://www.imss.gob.mx/' target='_blank' title='Se abre en una nueva ventana' data-linktype='external' aria-label="¿Qué es la dependencia al alcohol?"> <div class="link-icon"> <span class="external-link white"></span> </div> <div class="link-content"> <div class="link-text fw-800"> ¿Qué es la dependencia al alcohol? </div> <span class=""> http://www.imss.gob.mx/ </span> <span class="small-link-icon external-link"> </span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> <section class="accordion pt-0 pb-0"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="accordion-item column-start-1 column-end-13 pt-20 pb-20"> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="accordion-heading accordion-heading-js"> <span class="accordion-title fw-800">Referencias</span> <span class="accordion-icon accordion-icon-js"> <svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" fill="#2314a7" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M11 9H20V11H11V20H9V11H0V9H9V0H11V9Z"></path></svg> </span> </a> <div class="accordion-content accordion-content-js "><ol> <li>American Psychiatric Association (APA), Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). . 2013, APA: Arlington, VA.</li> <li>Babor, T.F., et al., The Alcohol Use Disorders Idenfitication Test. Guidelines for Use in Primary Care. Second Edition. 2001, World Health Organization: Geneva.</li> <li><a href="http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/alcohol-use/do-you-drink-too-much-test-your-own-alcohol-consumption-with-the-audit-test/take-the-audit-test-now" target="_blank" title="Új ablakban nyílik meg">World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (EURO). Take the AUDIT test now. 2020; Available from:</a></li> <li>Beyer, F.R., et al., The Cochrane 2018 Review on Brief Interventions in Primary Care for Hazardous and Harmful Alcohol Consumption: A Distillation for Clinicians and Policy Makers. Alcohol Alcohol, 2019. 54(4): p. 417-427.</li> <li>Kaner, E.F., et al., Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2018. 2: p. Cd004148.</li> <li>Anderson, P., A. O'Donnell, and E. Kaner, Managing Alcohol Use Disorder in Primary Health Care. Curr Psychiatry Rep, 2017. 19(11): p. 79</li> <li>Witkiewitz, K., R.Z. Litten, and L. Leggio, Advances in the science and treatment of alcohol use disorder. Sci Adv, 2019. 5(9): p. eaax4043.</li> <li><a href="https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-use-disorders" target="_blank" title="Új ablakban nyílik meg">National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Alcohol Use Disorder. 2020; Available from:</a></li> <li>Edenberg, H.J., J. Gelernter, and A. Agrawal, Genetics of Alcoholism. Curr Psychiatry Rep, 2019. 21(4): p. 26.</li> <li>Bierut, L.J., et al., A genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010. 107(11): p. 5082-7.</li> <li>Suh, J. and K.J. Ressler, Common Biological Mechanisms of Alcohol Use Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Alcohol Res, 2018. 39(2): p. 131-145.</li> <li>Gilpin, N.W. and J.L. Weiner, Neurobiology of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol-use disorder. Genes Brain Behav, 2017. 16(1): p. 15-43.</li> <li>McHugh, R.K. and R.D. Weiss, Alcohol use disorder and depressive disorders. Alcohol Research, 2019. 40(1): p. arcr.v40.1.01.</li> <li>Bonomo, Y.A., et al., Teenage drinking and the onset of alcohol dependence: a cohort study over seven years. Addiction, 2004. 99(12): p. 1520-8.</li> <li>Spear, L.P., Adolescent alcohol exposure: Are there separable vulnerable periods within adolescence? Physiol Behav, 2015. 148: p. 122-30.</li> </ol></div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="module---two-column-text-with-link" class="two-column-text-with-link "> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="test-and-help-block-wrapper column-start-1 column-end-13"> <div class="container-fluid p-0"> <div class="test-and-help-block column-start-1 column-end-13"> <div class="test-link-block-title column-start-1 column-end-13"> <h2 class="pt-40 mb-16">¿Le preocupan los efectos del consumo de alcohol?</h2> </div> <div class="test-link-block column-start-1 column-end-13"> <div> <p class="fw-300 mb-0">Ya sea que se trate de usted o de alguien más, use su propia evaluación del consumo de alcohol para entender el riesgo.<br/><br/></p> <div> <a class="d-flex justify-content-space-between align-items-center pt-20 pb-20 test-link" href=/es-do/audit data-linktype='internal' aria-label="Tomar el test"> <span>Tomar el test</span> <span class="cta cta-round"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="help-section"> <p class="help-section-title mb-0 fw-300">Si usted o alguien más tiene un problema con el consumo de alcohol, nuestra lista de redes de apoyo es un buen lugar para comenzar.<br/><br/></p> <div> <a class="d-flex justify-content-space-between align-items-center pt-20 pb-20 test-link help-link" href=/es-do/get-help data-linktype='internal'> <span>Obtener ayuda ahora</span> <span class="cta cta-round"> </span> </a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="article-link-wrapper"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="content-wrapper column-start-1 column-end-13"> <div class="main-title"> <h2 class="title m-0 fw-800">Continuar leyendo</h2> </div> <div class="article-items-wrapper"> <div> <a href="/es-do/support-with-drinking/the-alcohol-use-disorders-identification-test-audit-explained" class="article-item-wrapper" aria-label="Test de Identificación de Trastornos por Uso del Alcohol (AUDIT) explicado"> <div class="article-content"> <p class="article-category"> Apoyo contra el consumo nocivo de alcohol </p> <p class="article-title"> Test de Identificación de Trastornos por Uso del Alcohol (AUDIT) explicado </p> </div> <div class="article-card-image-wrapper position-relative"> <picture> <img class="lazy" data-src="/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/the-alcohol-use-disorders-identification-test-audit-explained.webp" alt="Test de Identificación de Trastornos por Uso del Alcohol (AUDIT) explicado"> <noscript> <img src="/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/the-alcohol-use-disorders-identification-test-audit-explained.webp" alt="Test de Identificación de Trastornos por Uso del Alcohol (AUDIT) explicado" data-source="/sitecore/content/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq/Home/support-with-drinking/the-alcohol-use-disorders-identification-test-audit-explained" /> </noscript> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div> <a href="/es-do/support-with-drinking/how-can-drinking-affect-the-people-around-you" class="article-item-wrapper" aria-label="¿Cómo afecta el uso de alcohol a la gente que lo rodea?"> <div class="article-content"> <p class="article-category"> Apoyo contra el consumo nocivo de alcohol </p> <p class="article-title"> ¿Cómo afecta el uso de alcohol a la gente que lo rodea? </p> </div> <div class="article-card-image-wrapper position-relative"> <picture> <img class="lazy" data-src="/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/how-can-drinking-affect-the-people-around-you-hero.webp" alt="¿Cómo afecta el uso de alcohol a la gente que lo rodea?"> <noscript> <img src="/~/media/Images/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq--images/us-english/support-with-drinking/how-can-drinking-affect-the-people-around-you-hero.webp" alt="¿Cómo afecta el uso de alcohol a la gente que lo rodea?" data-source="/sitecore/content/D/drinkiq/Universal/drinkiq/Home/support-with-drinking/how-can-drinking-affect-the-people-around-you" /> </noscript> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div> <a href="/es-do/about-alcohol/what-are-drinking-guidelines-and-why-are-they-important" class="article-item-wrapper" aria-label="¿Cuáles son las recomendaciones para beber y por qué son importantes?"> <div class="article-content"> <p class="article-category"> Acerca del alcohol </p> <p class="article-title"> ¿Cuáles son las recomendaciones para beber y por qué son importantes? 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