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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=Help%3A%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=Help%3A%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=Help%3A%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=Help%3A%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-表格" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#表格"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>表格</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-表格-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Help</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">印地語與烏爾都語國際音標</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。7种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF:%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81" title="সাহায্য:আধ্বব/হিন্দি এবং উর্দু – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাহায্য:আধ্বব/হিন্দি এবং উর্দু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:IPA_for_Hindi_and_Urdu" title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for Hindi and Urdu – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for Hindi and Urdu" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Hindi_dan_Urdu" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Hindi dan Urdu – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Hindi dan Urdu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%A2%D8%A1%D9%90_%D9%BE%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A_%DB%BD_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="مدد:آءِ پي اي/هندي ۽ اردو – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مدد:آءِ پي اي/هندي ۽ اردو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE:%D0%90%D0%A4%D0%91_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%A3_%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Роҳнамо:АФБ барои ҳиндӣ ва урду – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Роҳнамо:АФБ барои ҳиндӣ ва урду" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%D9%88_%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے اردو و ہندی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے اردو و ہندی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8615167#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-help" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="查看帮助页面[c]" accesskey="c"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help_talk:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="关于此页面的讨论（页面不存在）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHelp%3A%25E5%258D%25B0%25E5%259C%25B0%25E8%25AA%259E%25E8%2588%2587%25E7%2583%258F%25E7%2588%25BE%25E9%2583%25BD%25E8%25AA%259E%25E5%259C%258B%25E9%259A%259B%25E9%259F%25B3%25E6%25A8%2599"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Help%3A%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8615167" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/30px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/45px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Parentesi_Quadre.svg/60px-Parentesi_Quadre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="100"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>這頁是維基百科的印地語與烏爾都語國際音標<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/音标">發音指南</a>。</b></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><div style="min-width: 8em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83102931">.mw-parser-output .shortcutbox{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);margin:0 0 0 1em;padding:.3em .6em .2em .6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .shortcutbox-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .shortcutbox-ombox{float:right;border-left:1px solid #aaa;padding:.4em 0em .4em 1em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-weight:bold;font-size:smaller;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .shortcut-anchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);margin:0 0 0 1em;padding:.3em .6em .2em .6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;font-weight:bold;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .module-omboxshortcutplain{float:right;border-left:1px solid #aaa;padding:.4em 0em .4em 1em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-weight:bold;font-size:smaller;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="H:IPA-HNS"></span><span id="H:IPA-HI"></span><span id="H:IPA-UR"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain plainlist noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%8D%B7%E5%BE%91" title="Wikipedia:捷徑">快捷方式</a></div><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA-HNS&redirect=no">H:IPA-HNS</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA-HI&redirect=no">H:IPA-HI</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA-UR&redirect=no">H:IPA-UR</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right" style="width:22em;font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg/65px-Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg.png" decoding="async" width="65" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg/98px-Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg/130px-Example.of.complex.text.rendering.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="28"/></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>本页面有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E7%B1%B3%E7%B3%BB%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="婆罗米系文字">印度系文字</a></b>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="操作系统">操作系统</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B5%E6%B5%8F%E8%A7%88%E5%99%A8" title="网页浏览器">浏览器</a>須<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E8%88%87%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F#婆罗米系文字" title="Help:特殊字母與符號">支持特殊字母与符号</a>才能正確显示为印度系文字，否则可能變成<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%82%E7%A2%BC" title="亂碼">空格、问号或者方格等</a>。</div></div> </div> <p>下表列舉了在維基條目中用<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%9F%8E%E6%96%87" title="天城文">天城文</a>拼寫<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="印地語">印地語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="烏爾都字母">烏爾都字母</a>拼寫的<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="烏爾都語">烏爾都語</a>內容如何使用國際音標發音。欲查看在条目中添加国际音标符号的指引，请见{{<a href="/wiki/Template:IPA-hns" title="Template:IPA-hns">IPA-hns</a>}}、{{<a href="/wiki/Template:IPA-hi" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:IPA-hi">IPA-hi</a>}}及{{<a href="/wiki/Template:IPA-ur" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:IPA-ur">IPA-ur</a>}}。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r63935234">.mw-parser-output .tocnumber{display:none}.mw-parser-output #toc ul,.mw-parser-output .toc ul{line-height:1.5em;list-style:none none;margin:.3em 0 0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist #toc ul ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist .toc ul ul{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r63934373">.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-align-left{float:right}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-align-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-align-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;clear:none}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-right{clear:right}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-left{clear:left}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-none{clear:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><div class="hlist horizontal-toc" style="margin-left: 0em;"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="表格" data-mw-thread-id="h-表格"><span id=".E8.A1.A8.E6.A0.BC"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-表格"></span>表格<span data-mw-comment-end="h-表格"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：表格"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="background:none;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%94%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="輔音">輔音</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA<sup id="cite_ref-inherentv_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inherentv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%9F%8E%E6%96%87" title="天城文">印地文</a><sup id="cite_ref-inherentv_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inherentv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th><a href="/wiki/ISO_15919" title="ISO 15919">ISO 15919</a> <sup id="cite_ref-inherentv_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inherentv-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="烏爾都字母">烏爾都文</a></th> <th>英語近似發音 </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209503">.mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Linux Libertine","Segoe UI","Lucida Sans Unicode","Code2000","Gentium","Gentium Alternative","TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Arial Unicode MS","IPAPANNEW","Chrysanthi Unicode","GentiumAlt","Bitstream Vera","Bitstream Cyberbit","Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro","Lucida Grande",sans-serif;text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .IPA a:link,.mw-parser-output .IPA a:visited{text-decoration:none!important}</style><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁雙唇塞音">b</a></span></big> </td> <td>ब</td> <td>ba</td> <td>ب</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>b</b>utter </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%B0%A3%E8%81%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="呼氣聲">bʱ</a></span></big> </td> <td>भ</td> <td>bha</td> <td>بھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">a<b>bh</b>or </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8A%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="浊齿塞音">d</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>द</td> <td>da</td> <td>د</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>th</b>e </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%B0%A3%E8%81%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="呼氣聲">dʱ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ध</td> <td>dha</td> <td>دھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">wi<b>th</b>in（<i>dhh</i>音，舌触及上腭，强烈呼气） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁腭齦塞擦音">dʒ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ज</td> <td>ja</td> <td>ج</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>j</b>azz </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%B0%A3%E8%81%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="呼氣聲">dʒʱ</a></span></big> </td> <td>झ</td> <td>jha</td> <td>جھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">he<b>dgeh</b>og（强<i>jhh</i>音） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁捲舌塞音">ɖ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ड</td> <td>ḍa</td> <td>ڈ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">gou<b>rd</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%B0%A3%E8%81%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="呼氣聲">ɖʱ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ढ</td> <td>ḍha</td> <td>ڈھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">a<b>dh</b>ere </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清唇齒擦音">f</a></span></big> </td> <td>फ़</td> <td>fa</td> <td>ف</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>f</b>ood </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭塞音">ɡ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ग</td> <td>ga</td> <td>گ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>g</b>reen </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%B0%A3%E8%81%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="呼氣聲">ɡʱ</a></span></big> </td> <td>घ</td> <td>gha</td> <td>گھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">bi<b>g h</b>eaded </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁軟腭擦音">ɣ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ग़</td> <td>ġa</td> <td>غ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">类似法语<i>r</i>（主要为乌尔都语；印地语有时替换为<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ɡ]</span> (ग)） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%81%B2%E9%96%80%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁聲門擦音">ɦ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ह</td> <td>ha</td> <td>ح</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>h</b>ead </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭近音">j</a></span></big> </td> <td>य</td> <td>ya</td> <td>ی</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>y</b>ak </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭塞音">k</a></span></big> </td> <td>क</td> <td>ka</td> <td>ک</td> <td style="text-align:left;">s<b>k</b>y </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3" title="送氣">kʰ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ख</td> <td>kha</td> <td>کھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>c</b>ar </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E8%BE%B9%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈边近音">l</a></span></big> </td> <td>ल</td> <td>la</td> <td>ل</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>l</b>eaf </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="雙唇鼻音">m</a></span></big> </td> <td>म</td> <td>ma</td> <td>م</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>m</b>uch </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦鼻音">n</a></span></big> </td> <td>न</td> <td>na</td> <td>ن</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>n</b>ot </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="捲舌鼻音">ɳ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ण</td> <td>ṇa</td> <td>ن</td> <td style="text-align:left;">bu<b>rn</b>（主要为印地语；乌尔都语使用<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[n]</span> (ن)） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="硬腭鼻音">ɲ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ञ</td> <td>ña</td> <td>ن</td> <td style="text-align:left;">大致为ca<b>ny</b>on（主要为印地语；乌尔都语使用<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[n]</span> (ن)） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3" title="軟腭鼻音">ŋ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ङ</td> <td>ṅa</td> <td>ن</td> <td style="text-align:left;">ba<b>n</b>k（主要为印地语；乌尔都语使用<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[n]</span> (ن)） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%99%E5%94%87%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清雙唇塞音">p</a></span></big> </td> <td>प</td> <td>pa</td> <td>پ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">s<b>p</b>ort </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3" title="送氣">pʰ</a></span></big> </td> <td>फ</td> <td>pha</td> <td>پھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>p</b>encil </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清小舌塞音">q</a></span></big> </td> <td>क़</td> <td>qa</td> <td>ق</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>q</b>uail（喉部<i>k</i>音，舌不触及上腭）（主要为乌尔都语；印地语有时替换为<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[k]</span> (क)） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%96%83%E9%9F%B3" title="齒齦閃音">ɾ</a></span></big> </td> <td rowspan="2">र</td> <td rowspan="2">ra</td> <td rowspan="2">ر</td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:left;">美式英语bu<b>tt</b>er（<i>r</i>可能为颤音<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E9%A1%AB%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="齒齦顫音">r</a></span></big> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E8%88%8C%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="卷舌闪音">ɽ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ड़</td> <td>ṛa</td> <td>ڑ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">gou<b>rd</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ɽʱ</span></big> </td> <td>ढ़</td> <td>ṛha</td> <td>ڑھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ɽ]</span>加<i>h</i>；有些类似美式英语wa<b>rh</b>ead </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒齦擦音">s</a></span></big> </td> <td>स</td> <td>sa</td> <td>ث، س، ص</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>s</b>ue </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌擦音">ʂ</a></span></big> </td> <td>ष</td> <td>ṣa</td> <td>ش/س</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>shr</b>imp （主要为印地语；乌尔都语使用<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ʃ]</span> (ش)或<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[s]</span> (س)） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清腭齦擦音">ʃ</a></span></big> </td> <td>श</td> <td>śa</td> <td>ش</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>sh</b>oe </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%BF%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清齿塞音">t</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>त</td> <td>ta</td> <td>ت، ط</td> <td style="text-align:left;">s<b>t</b>ill </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3" title="送氣">tʰ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>थ</td> <td>tha</td> <td>تھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>t</b>ip </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E5%A1%9E%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清腭齦塞擦音">tʃ</a></span></big> </td> <td>च</td> <td>ca</td> <td>چ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">ca<b>tch</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><big> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3" title="送氣">tʃʰ</a></span></big> </td> <td>छ</td> <td>cha</td> <td>چھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>ch</b>oose </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%8D%B2%E8%88%8C%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="清捲舌塞音">ʈ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ट</td> <td>ṭa</td> <td>ٹ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">ca<b>rt</b>s </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%81%E6%B0%A3" title="送氣">ʈʰ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-coronal_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ठ</td> <td>ṭha</td> <td>ٹھ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>tr</b>ip </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒近音">ʋ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-vwallophone_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vwallophone-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>व</td> <td>va</td> <td>و</td> <td style="text-align:left;">介乎<i>w</i>和<i>v</i>之间 </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清軟腭擦音">x</a></span></big> </td> <td>ख़</td> <td>k͟ha</td> <td>خ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Ba<b>ch</b>（主要为乌尔都语；印地语有时替换为<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[kʰ]</span> (ख)） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒齦擦音">z</a></span></big> </td> <td>ज़</td> <td>za</td> <td>ذ، ز، ض، ظ</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>z</b>en </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E8%85%AD%E9%BD%A6%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁腭齦擦音">ʒ</a></span></big> </td> <td>श़</td> <td>zha</td> <td>ژ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">plea<b>s</b>ure </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音">元音</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%9F%8E%E6%96%87" title="天城文">印地文</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/ISO_15919" title="ISO 15919">ISO 15919</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="烏爾都字母">烏爾都文</a></th> <th>英語近似發音 </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%A4%AE%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="開央不圓唇元音">aː</a></span></big> </td> <td>आ, पा</td> <td>ā</td> <td>آ, بَا</td> <td style="text-align:left;">f<b>a</b>r </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉前不圓唇元音">eː</a></span></big> </td> <td>ए, पे</td> <td>ē</td> <td>اے، بے</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Y<b>a</b>le </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開前不圓唇元音">ɛː</a></span></big> </td> <td>ऐ, पै</td> <td>ai</td> <td>اَے، بَے</td> <td style="text-align:left;">h<b>e</b>n </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="中央元音">ə</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>अ, प</td> <td>a</td> <td>اَ، بَ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">str<b>u</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉前不圓唇元音">iː</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-V_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ई, पी</td> <td>ī</td> <td>اِی، بِی</td> <td style="text-align:left;">f<b>ee</b>d </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉前不圓唇元音">ɪ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-V_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>इ, पि</td> <td>i</td> <td>اِ، بِ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">d<b>i</b>ll </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半閉後圓唇元音">oː</a></span></big> </td> <td>ओ, पो</td> <td>ō</td> <td>او، بو</td> <td style="text-align:left;">st<b>o</b>ry </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開後圓唇元音">ɔː</a></span></big> </td> <td>औ, पौ</td> <td>au</td> <td>اَو، بَو</td> <td style="text-align:left;">d<b>o</b>g </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉後圓唇元音">uː</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-V_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ऊ, पू</td> <td>ū</td> <td>اُو، بُو</td> <td style="text-align:left;">m<b>oo</b>n </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="次閉後圓唇元音">ʊ</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-V_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>उ, पु</td> <td>u</td> <td>اُ، بُ</td> <td style="text-align:left;">b<b>oo</b>k </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">ɾɪ</span></big> </td> <td>ऋ, पृ</td> <td>r̥</td> <td>ری، پر</td> <td style="text-align: left;">乌尔都语使用<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[r]</span> (ر) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em 2em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5">其他符號 </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%9F%8E%E6%96%87" title="天城文">印地文</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/ISO_15919" title="ISO 15919">ISO 15919</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="烏爾都字母">烏爾都文</a></th> <th>英語近似發音 </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%95%E9%87%8D%E8%AE%80" title="輕重讀">ˈ◌</a></span></big> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td style="text-align: left;">重音<br/>（放在重读音节之前） </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%AA%9E%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="長音 (語音學)">◌ː</a></span></big> </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td style="text-align: left;">辅音延长<br/>（放在长辅音之后）h </td></tr> <tr> <td><big><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3%E5%8C%96" title="鼻音化">◌̃</a></span></big> </td> <td>ँ</td> <td>m̐</td> <td>ـں</td> <td style="text-align:left;">鼻化元音fa<b>un</b><br/>（<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ãː, õː]</span>等） </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="註釋" data-mw-thread-id="h-註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-註釋"></span>註釋<span data-mw-comment-end="h-註釋"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E9%83%BD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-inherentv-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inherentv_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inherentv_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inherentv_1-2"><sup><b>1.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">In the letter series beginning with क, क = क् + अ; ka = k + a. Thus 'क' has the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inherent_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inherent vowel（页面不存在）">inherent vowel</a> 'अ', giving 'क' without added vowel sign using diacritics (The <a href="/wiki/Halanta" class="mw-redirect" title="Halanta">halanta</a> "्" is removed). But the IPA shown here has the consonant 'k' only & does not include the vowel 'a'. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-coronal-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-2"><sup><b>2.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-3"><sup><b>2.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-4"><sup><b>2.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-5"><sup><b>2.5</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-6"><sup><b>2.6</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-coronal_2-7"><sup><b>2.7</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">To an English-speaker's ear, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ʈ ʈʰ t tʰ]</span> all sound like <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/t/</span>, and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ɖ ɖʱ d dʱ]</span> all sound like <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/d/</span>. However, to a Hindi-Urdu-speaker's ear, each is a very different sound. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[t d]</span> are like the Spanish or French <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[t d]</span>, with the tongue touching the teeth. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[tʰ dʱ]</span> are how a Hindi-Urdu speaker hears English [<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="清齒擦音">θ</a></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁齒擦音">ð</a></span>] (the <i>th</i> and <i>dh</i> sounds). Hindi-Urdu <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ʈ ɖ]</span> are pronounced with the tongue further back, touching behind the teeth mid-palate. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ʈʰ ɖʱ]</span> are how a Hindi-Urdu speaker hears English <i>t d</i>, and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[ʈ]</span> is how they hear the English <i>t</i> after an <i>s</i> (as in <i>st</i>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/ɾ/</span> can surface as a trill <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[r]</span>, mostly as an allophone in word-initial and syllable-final positions, and geminate <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/ɾː/</span> is always a trill, e.g. <i>zarā</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[zəɾaː]</span> (<span lang="hi">ज़रा</span> – <span lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="波斯体" style="font-size: 125%; font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', Nafees, 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-style: normal;">ذرا</span>‬</span>‎ 'little') versus well-trilled <i>zarrā</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[zəraː]</span> (<span lang="hi">ज़र्रा</span> – <span lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="波斯体" style="font-size: 125%; font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', Nafees, 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-style: normal;">ذرّہ</span>‬</span>‎ 'particle').</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vwallophone-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vwallophone_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="IPA nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="濁唇齒擦音">v</a>]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%81%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E8%BB%9F%E8%85%AD%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="濁圓唇軟腭近音">w</a>]</span> and intermediate [<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%92%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="唇齒近音">ʋ</a></span>] are <a href="/wiki/Allophone" title="Allophone">allophonic</a> in Hindi-Urdu. Some words, such as <i>vrat</i> ('व्रत', 'ورت', religious fast), are pronounced with <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[v]</span>; others, such as <i>pakwan</i> ('पकवान', 'پكوان', cooked food), are pronounced with <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">[w]</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/ɛ/</span> occurs as a conditioned allophone of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/ə/</span> near an <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/h/</span> surrounded on both sides by schwas. Usually, the second schwa undergoes syncopation, and the resultant is just an <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/ɛ/</span> preceding an <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/h/</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-V_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V_6-2"><sup><b>6.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V_6-3"><sup><b>6.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/iː, ɪ/</span> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209503"><span title="国际音标" class="IPA">/uː, ʊ/</span> are neutralised to <span class="IPA nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉前不圓唇元音">i</a>]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%89%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="閉後圓唇元音">u</a>]</span> at the end of a word.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">國際音標</a>輔助</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E6%A0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿迪格語國際音標">阿迪格語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:南非語國際音標">南非語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿爾巴尼亞語國際音標">阿爾巴尼亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿姆哈拉語國際音標">阿姆哈拉語</a></li> <li>阿拉伯语 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿拉伯語國際音標">现代标准</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:埃及阿拉伯語國際音標">埃及</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%BC%A2%E5%BF%97%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:漢志阿拉伯語國際音標">漢志</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:黎巴嫩阿拉伯语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Lebanese Arabic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:黎巴嫩阿拉伯语国际音标（页面不存在）">黎巴嫩</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Lebanese_Arabic" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Lebanese Arabic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Lebanese Arabic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%AA%81%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:突尼西亞阿拉伯語國際音標">突尼斯</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:阿拉姆语国际音标">阿拉姆语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:亞美尼亞語國際音標">亞美尼亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E5%A7%86%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿薩姆語國際音標">阿薩姆語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%96%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E6%96%AF-%E8%90%8A%E6%98%82%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿斯圖里亞斯-萊昂語國際音標">阿斯圖里亞斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%8E%9F%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:澳大利亞原住民語言國際音標">澳大利亞原住民語言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿塞拜疆語國際音標">阿塞拜疆語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:巴斯克語國際音標">巴斯克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:白俄羅斯語國際音標">白俄羅斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:孟加拉語國際音標">孟加拉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%9F%8F%E6%9F%8F%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:柏柏爾語國際音標">柏柏爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%B8%83%E5%88%97%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:布列塔尼語國際音標">布列塔尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:保加利亞語國際音標">保加利亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%B7%AC%E7%94%B8%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:緬甸語國際音標">緬甸語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8A%A0%E6%B3%B0%E7%BE%85%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:加泰羅尼亞語國際音標">加泰罗尼亚语/巴伦西亚语</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:海岛加泰罗尼亚语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Insular Catalan"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%9B%E5%8A%A0%E6%B3%B0%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:海岛加泰罗尼亚语国际音标（页面不存在）">海岛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Insular_Catalan" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Insular Catalan"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Insular Catalan</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%88%87%E7%BE%85%E5%9F%BA%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:切羅基語國際音標">切羅基語</a></li> <li>汉语 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:现代标准汉语国际音标">普通话/国语/华语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E8%AF%9D%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:广州话国际音标">廣州話</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:晋语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Jin Chinese"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%99%8B%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:晋语国际音标（页面不存在）">晋语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Jin_Chinese" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Jin Chinese"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Jin Chinese</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E8%A9%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:臺灣話國際音標">臺灣話</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E8%A9%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99/%E5%84%AA%E5%8B%A2%E8%85%94" title="Help:臺灣話國際音標/優勢腔">優勢腔</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%89%E5%B7%9E%E8%A9%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:泉州話國際音標">泉州話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E8%AF%9D%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:上海话国际音标">上海话</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:湘语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Xiang Chinese"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%B9%98%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:湘语国际音标（页面不存在）">湘语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Xiang_Chinese" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Xiang Chinese"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Xiang Chinese</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%A7%91%E8%A5%BF%E5%98%89%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:科西嘉語國際音標">科西嘉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:捷克語國際音標">捷克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:丹麥語國際音標">丹麥語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:波斯語國際音標">達利語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:多斯拉克語國際音標">多斯拉克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:荷蘭語國際音標">荷蘭語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:英語國際音標">英語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英語國際音標列表">方言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:古英語國際音標">古英語</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:艾米利亚-罗马涅语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E8%89%BE%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A-%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E6%B6%85%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:艾米利亚-罗马涅语国际音标（页面不存在）">艾米利亚-罗马涅语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:世界語國際音標">世界語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:愛沙尼亞語國際音標">愛沙尼亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%96%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E6%96%AF-%E8%90%8A%E6%98%82%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿斯圖里亞斯-萊昂語國際音標">埃斯特雷馬杜拉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%90%E6%BF%9F%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:斐濟語國際音標">斐濟語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%8A%AC%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:芬蘭語國際音標">芬蘭語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E5%85%8B-%E6%99%AE%E7%BE%85%E6%97%BA%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:法蘭克-普羅旺斯語國際音標">法蘭克-普羅旺斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:法語國際音標">法語</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A7%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:路易斯安那克里奧爾法語國際音標">路易斯安那克里奧爾</a></li></ul></li> <li>弗里斯兰语 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%96%A9%E7%89%B9%E8%8F%B2%E5%A3%AB%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:薩特菲士蘭語國際音標">萨特弗里斯兰语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A5%BF%E8%8F%B2%E5%A3%AB%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:西菲士蘭語國際音標">西弗里斯兰语</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:加利西亞語國際音標">加利西亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:格鲁吉亚语国际音标">格鲁吉亚语</a></li> <li>德语 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:德语国际音标">标准</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E5%8B%92%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:阿勒曼尼语国际音标">阿勒曼尼</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:科隆方言国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Colognian"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E7%A7%91%E9%9A%86%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:科隆方言国际音标（页面不存在）">科隆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Colognian" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Colognian"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Colognian</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E6%89%8E%E6%89%8E%E5%85%B6-%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:庫爾德語與扎扎其-古拉尼語國際音標">古拉尼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:希臘語國際音標">希臘語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%93%9C%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:瓜拉尼語國際音標">瓜拉尼語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:格陵兰语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Greenlandic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%A0%BC%E9%99%B5%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:格陵兰语国际音标（页面不存在）">格陵兰语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Greenlandic" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Greenlandic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Greenlandic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8F%A4%E5%90%89%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:古吉拉特語國際音標">古吉拉特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B5%B7%E5%9C%B0%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:海地克里奥尔语国际音标">海地克里奥尔语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A4%8F%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%B7%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:夏威夷語國際音標">夏威夷語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E6%9D%A5%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:希伯来语国际音标">希伯来语</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">印地語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:苗语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Hmong"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E8%8B%97%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:苗语国际音标（页面不存在）">苗语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Hmong" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Hmong"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Hmong</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:匈牙利語國際音標">匈牙利語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:冰島語國際音標">冰島語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:伊博语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Igbo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E4%BC%8A%E5%8D%9A%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:伊博语国际音标（页面不存在）">伊博语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Igbo" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Igbo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Igbo</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:馬來語國際音標">印尼语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BC%8A%E5%8A%AA%E5%85%8B%E6%8F%90%E5%9C%96%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:伊努克提圖特語國際音標">伊努克提圖特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BC%8A%E5%8A%AA%E7%9A%AE%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:伊努皮亞克語國際音標">伊努皮亞克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:爱尔兰语国际音标">爱尔兰语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:老挝语国际音标">依善語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:意大利語國際音標">意大利語</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:中意大利语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Central Italian"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E4%B8%AD%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:中意大利语国际音标（页面不存在）">方言</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Central_Italian" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Central Italian"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Central Italian</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:日語國際音標">日語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BA%B7%E7%B4%8D%E9%81%94%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:康納達語國際音標">康納達語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%96%80%E4%BB%80%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:喀什米爾語國際音標">克什米尔语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:哈萨克语国际音标">哈萨克语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%AB%98%E6%A3%89%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:高棉語國際音標">高棉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E8%B2%A2%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:克林貢語國際音標">克林貢語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%9F%93%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:韓語國際音標">韓語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E6%89%8E%E6%89%8E%E5%85%B6-%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:庫爾德語與扎扎其-古拉尼語國際音標">庫爾德語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:柯尔克孜语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Kyrgyz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B%E5%AD%9C%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:柯尔克孜语国际音标（页面不存在）">柯尔克孜语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Kyrgyz" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Kyrgyz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Kyrgyz</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:拉科塔语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Lakota"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%8B%89%E7%A7%91%E5%A1%94%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:拉科塔语国际音标（页面不存在）">拉科塔语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Lakota" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Lakota"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Lakota</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%80%81%E6%8C%9D%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:老挝语国际音标">老挝语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:拉丁語國際音標">拉丁語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:拉脫維亞語國際音標">拉脫維亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%B2%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:拉茲語國際音標">拉茲語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:利古里亚语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Ligurian"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%A4%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:利古里亚语国际音标（页面不存在）">利古里亚语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Ligurian" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Ligurian"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Ligurian</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:立陶宛语国际音标">立陶宛语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BC%A6%E5%B7%B4%E7%AC%AC%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:伦巴第语国际音标">伦巴第语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:卢森堡语国际音标">卢森堡语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A1%BF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:马其顿语国际音标">马其顿语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:馬拉加斯語國際音標">馬拉加斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:馬來語國際音標">馬來語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E9%9B%85%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:馬拉雅拉姆語國際音標">馬拉雅拉姆語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:马耳他语国际音标">马耳他语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%BB%BF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:滿語國際音標">滿語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:曼島語國際音標">曼島語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:毛利语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Māori"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%AF%9B%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:毛利语国际音标（页面不存在）">毛利语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/M%C4%81ori" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Māori"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Māori</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%B0%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:马拉地语国际音标">马拉地语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%A6%AC%E7%B4%B9%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:馬紹爾語國際音標">馬紹爾語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:毛里求斯克里奥尔语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Mauritian Creole"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%82%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:毛里求斯克里奥尔语国际音标（页面不存在）">毛里求斯克里奥尔语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Mauritian_Creole" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Mauritian Creole"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Mauritian Creole</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%91%AA%E9%9B%85%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:瑪雅語國際音標">瑪雅語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%98%8E%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%97%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:明格列爾語國際音標">明格列爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:蒙古語國際音標">蒙古語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%96%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E6%96%AF-%E8%90%8A%E6%98%82%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:阿斯圖里亞斯-萊昂語國際音標">米兰达语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BA%B3%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:纳瓦特尔语国际音标">纳瓦特尔语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%B4%8D%E7%93%A6%E8%8D%B7%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:納瓦荷語國際音標">纳瓦霍语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%8D%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:那不勒斯语国际音标">那不勒斯语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:尼泊爾語國際音標">尼泊爾語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%8C%97%E6%B3%B0%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:北泰語國際音標">北泰語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:挪威語國際音標">挪威語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A5%A7%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:奧克語國際音標">奧克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A5%A7%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:奧里亞語國際音標">奧里亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%AB%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:奧羅莫語國際音標">奧羅莫語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A5%A7%E5%A1%9E%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:奧塞提亞語國際音標">奧塞提亞語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:普什图语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Pashto"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%99%AE%E4%BB%80%E5%9B%BE%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:普什图语国际音标（页面不存在）">普什图语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Pashto" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Pashto"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Pashto</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:波斯語國際音標">波斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9A%AE%E5%9F%83%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:皮埃蒙特語國際音標">皮埃蒙特語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:波蘭語國際音標">波蘭語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:葡萄牙語國際音標">葡萄牙語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%97%81%E9%81%AE%E6%99%AE%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:旁遮普语国际音标">旁遮普语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%98%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:克丘亞語國際音標">克丘亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:羅馬尼亞語國際音標">羅馬尼亞語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BE%85%E6%9B%BC%E4%BB%80%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:羅曼什語國際音標">羅曼什</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:俄語國際音標">俄語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:梵語國際音標">梵語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%92%92%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:撒丁语国际音标">撒丁语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:苏格兰盖尔语国际音标">苏格兰盖尔语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A-%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语国际音标">塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%AF%E9%AB%98%E5%85%8B%E5%80%AB%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:斯高克倫語國際音標">斯高克倫語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%92%A3%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E5%82%A3%E4%BB%82%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:撣語與傣仂語國際音標">撣語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:西西里語國際音標">西西里語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:斯洛伐克語國際音標">斯洛伐克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:斯洛文尼亚语国际音标">斯洛文尼亚语</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:索布语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Sorbian"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E7%B4%A2%E5%B8%83%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:索布语国际音标（页面不存在）">索布语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Sorbian" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Sorbian"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Sorbian</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:西班牙语国际音标">西班牙语</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:犹太西班牙语国际音标">犹太</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%AF%E5%87%A1%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:斯凡語國際音標">斯凡語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%AF%E7%93%A6%E5%B8%8C%E9%87%8C%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:斯瓦希里語國際音標">斯瓦希里語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%81%A9%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:恩古尼語國際音標">斯威士语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:瑞典語國際音標">瑞典語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:锡尔赫特语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Sylheti"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E9%94%A1%E5%B0%94%E8%B5%AB%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:锡尔赫特语国际音标（页面不存在）">锡尔赫特语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Sylheti" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Sylheti"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Sylheti</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E4%BB%96%E5%8A%A0%E7%A5%BF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:他加祿語國際音標">他加祿語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%92%A3%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E5%82%A3%E4%BB%82%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:撣語與傣仂語國際音標">傣仂語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:波斯語國際音標">塔吉克语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%B0%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:泰米尔语国际音标">泰米尔语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E9%9F%83%E9%9D%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:韃靼語國際音標">韃靼語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:泰卢固语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Telugu"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E6%B3%B0%E5%8D%A2%E5%9B%BA%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:泰卢固语国际音标（页面不存在）">泰卢固语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Telugu" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Telugu"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Telugu</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%B0%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:泰语国际音标">泰语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%97%8F%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:藏語國際音標">藏語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%8F%90%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:提格利尼亞語國際音標">提格雷尼亚语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:土耳其語國際音標">土耳其語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%9F%E5%BA%AB%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:土庫曼語國際音標">土庫曼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:烏克蘭語國際音標">烏克蘭語</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">烏爾都語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%83%8F%E5%AD%9C%E5%88%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:烏孜別克語國際音標">烏孜別克語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:威尼斯語國際音標">威尼斯語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:越南語國際音標">越南語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%93%A6%E9%9A%86%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:瓦隆語國際音標">瓦隆語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%B1%AA%E9%81%94%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:汪達曼語國際音標">汪達曼語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%A3%AB%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:威爾士語國際音標">威爾士語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%81%A9%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:恩古尼語國際音標">科萨语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%84%8F%E7%AC%AC%E7%B7%92%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:意第緒語國際音標">意第緒語</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:约鲁巴语国际音标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Yoruba"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E7%BA%A6%E9%B2%81%E5%B7%B4%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:约鲁巴语国际音标（页面不存在）">约鲁巴语</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Yoruba" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Yoruba"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Yoruba</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BA%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E%E8%88%87%E6%89%8E%E6%89%8E%E5%85%B6-%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:庫爾德語與扎扎其-古拉尼語國際音標">扎扎其語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A3%AE%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Help:壮语国际音标">壮语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%81%A9%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:恩古尼語國際音標">祖鲁语</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #ADE69E;;width:1%;background-color: #C7FDB8;">比較</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Help:英语国际音标惯例" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Help:IPA/Conventions for English"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87%E6%83%AF%E4%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:英语国际音标惯例（页面不存在）">英语国际音标惯例</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Conventions_for_English" class="extiw" title="en:Help:IPA/Conventions for English"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Help:IPA/Conventions for English</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%99%BC%E9%9F%B3%E9%87%8D%E6%8B%BC" title="Wikipedia:發音重拼">發音重拼</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E5%8F%91%E9%9F%B3%E9%87%8D%E6%8B%BC%E6%B3%95" title="英语发音重拼法">英语发音重拼</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #ADE69E;;width:1%;background-color: #C7FDB8;">入門指南</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標">IPA符號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A0%87" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/音标">格式手冊：音標</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" 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