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chorionic gonadotropin</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: human chorionic gonadotropin"> <meta name="keywords" content="human chorionic gonadotropin"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="human chorionic gonadotropin"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8354</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: human chorionic gonadotropin</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8354</span> Breeding Biology and Induced Breeding Status of Freshwater Mud Eel, Monopterus cuchia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faruque%20Miah">Faruque Miah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafij%20Ali"> Hafij Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enaya%20Jannat"> Enaya Jannat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanmoy%20Modok%20Shuvra"> Tanmoy Modok Shuvra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Niamul%20Naser"> M. Niamul Naser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, breeding biology and induced breeding of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was observed during the experimental period from February to June, 2013. Breeding biology of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was considered in terms of gonadosomatic index, length-weight relationship of gonad, ova diameter and fecundity. The ova diameter was recorded from 0.3 mm to 4.30 mm and the individual fecundity was recorded from 155 to 1495 while relative fecundity was found from 2.64 to 12.45. The fecundity related to body weight and length of fish was also discussed. A peak of GSI was observed 2.14±0.2 in male and 5.1 ±1.09 in female. Induced breeding of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was also practiced with different doses of different inducing agents like pituitary gland (PG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and Ovuline-a synthetic hormone in different environmental conditions. However, it was observed that the artificial breeding of freshwater mud eel, Monopterus cuchia was not yet succeeded through inducing agents in captive conditions, rather the inducing agent showed negative impacts on fecundity and ovarian tissues. It was seen that mature eggs in the oviduct were reduced, absorbed and some eggs were found in spoiled condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breeding%20biology" title="breeding biology">breeding biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induced%20breeding" title=" induced breeding"> induced breeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monopterus%20cuchia" title=" Monopterus cuchia"> Monopterus cuchia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20chorionic%20gonadotropin" title=" human chorionic gonadotropin"> human chorionic gonadotropin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22005/breeding-biology-and-induced-breeding-status-of-freshwater-mud-eel-monopterus-cuchia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">774</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8353</span> Supplementation of Annatto (Bixa orellana)-Derived δ-Tocotrienol Produced High Number of Morula through Increased Expression of 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinase-1 (PDK1) in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20M.%20Syairah">S. M. M. Syairah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Rajikin"> M. H. Rajikin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Sharaniza"> A. R. Sharaniza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several embryonic cellular mechanism including cell cycle, growth and apoptosis are regulated by phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. The goal of present study is to determine the effects of annatto (Bixa orellana)-derived δ-tocotrienol (δ-TCT) on the regulations of PI3K/Akt genes in murine morula. Twenty four 6-8 week old (23-25g) female balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups (G1-G4; n=6). Those groups were subjected to the following treatments for 7 consecutive days: G1 (control) received tocopherol stripped corn oil, G2 was given 60 mg/kg/day of δ-TCT mixture (contains 90% delta & 10% gamma isomers), G3 was given 60 mg/kg/day of pure δ-TCT (>98% purity) and G4 received 60 mg/kg/day α-TOC. On Day 8, females were superovulated with 5 IU Pregnant Mare’s Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) for 48 hours followed with 5 IU human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) before mated with males at the ratio of 1:1. Females were sacrificed by cervical dislocation for embryo collection 48 hours post-coitum. About fifty morula from each group were used in the gene expression analyses using Affymetrix QuantiGene Plex 2.0 Assay. Present data showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the average number (mean + SEM) of morula produced in G2 (26.0 + 0.45), G3 (23.0 + 0.63) and G4 (25.0 + 0.73) compared to control group (G1 – 16.0 + 0.63). This is parallel with the high expression of PDK1 gene with increase of 2.75-fold (G2), 3.07-fold (G3) and 3.59-fold (G4) compared to G1 (1.78-fold). From the present data, it can be concluded that supplementation with δ-TCT(s) and α-TOC induced high expression of PDK1 in G2-G4 which enhanced the PI3K/Akt signaling activity, resulting in the increased number of morula. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delta-tocotrienol" title="delta-tocotrienol">delta-tocotrienol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embryonic%20development" title=" embryonic development"> embryonic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nicotine" title=" nicotine"> nicotine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20E" title=" vitamin E"> vitamin E</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24401/supplementation-of-annatto-bixa-orellana-derived-d-tocotrienol-produced-high-number-of-morula-through-increased-expression-of-3-phosphoinositide-dependent-protein-kinase-1-pdk1-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8352</span> Ectopic Pregnancy: A Case of Consecutive Occurrences of Different Types</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wania%20Mohammad%20Akram">Wania Mohammad Akram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swetha%20Kannan"> Swetha Kannan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urooj%20Shahid"> Urooj Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aisha%20Sajjad"> Aisha Sajjad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ovarian ectopic pregnancy, a rare manifestation of ectopic gestation, involves the implantation of a fertilized egg on the ovarian surface. This condition poses diagnostic challenges and is associated with significant maternal morbidity if not promptly managed. This report presents the case of a 33-year-old nulliparous woman with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing ovulation induction therapy. Following her first conception in October 2021, she presented with symptoms of per vaginal spotting and low back pain, prompting a diagnosis of left adnexal ectopic pregnancy confirmed by transvaginal ultrasound and serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (B-HCG) levels. Medical management with methotrexate was initiated successfully. In August 2022, the patient conceived again, with subsequent ultrasound revealing a large pelvic collection suggestive of a complex ectopic pregnancy involving both ovaries. Despite initial stability, she developed abdominal pain necessitating emergency laparoscopy, which revealed an ovarian ectopic pregnancy with hemoperitoneum. Laparotomy was performed due to the complexity of the presentation, and histopathology confirmed viable chorionic villi within ovarian tissue. This case underscores the clinical management challenges posed by ovarian ectopic pregnancies, particularly in patients with previous ectopic pregnancies. The discussion reviews current literature on diagnostic modalities, treatment strategies, and outcomes associated with ovarian ectopic pregnancies, emphasizing the role of surgical intervention in cases refractory to conservative management. Tailored approaches considering individual patient factors are crucial to optimize outcomes and preserve fertility in such complex scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obgyn" title="obgyn">obgyn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20ectopic%20pregnancy" title=" ovarian ectopic pregnancy"> ovarian ectopic pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laproscopy" title=" laproscopy"> laproscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pcos" title=" pcos"> pcos</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188354/ectopic-pregnancy-a-case-of-consecutive-occurrences-of-different-types" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8351</span> Effects of Supplementation with Annatto (Bixa Orellana)-Derived δ-Tocotrienol on the Nicotine-Induced Reduction in Body Weight and 8-Cell Preimplantation Embryonic Development in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Rajikin">M. H. Rajikin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20M.%20Syairah"> S. M. M. Syairah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Sharaniza"> A. R. Sharaniza </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effects of nicotine on pre-partum body weight and preimplantation embryonic development has been reported previously. Present study was conducted to determine the effects of annatto (Bixa orellana)-derived delta-tocotrienol (TCT) (with presence of 10% gamma-TCT isomer) on the nicotine-induced reduction in body weight and 8-cell embryonic growth in mice. Twenty four 6-8 weeks old (23-25g) female balb/c mice were randomly divided into four groups (G1-G4; n=6). Those groups were subjected to the following treatments for 7 consecutive days: G1 (control) were gavaged with 0.1 ml tocopherol stripped corn oil, G2 was subcutaneously (s.c.) injected with 3 mg/kg/day of nicotine, G3 received concurrent treatment of nicotine (3 mg/kg/day) and 60 mg/kg/day of δ-TCT mixture (contains 90% delta & 10% gamma isomers) and G4 was given 60 mg/kg/day of δ-TCT mixture alone. Body weights were recorded daily during the treatment. On Day 8, females were superovulated with 5 IU Pregnant Mare’s Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) for 48 hours followed with 5 IU human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) before mated with males at the ratio of 1:1. Females were sacrificed by cervical dislocation for embryo collection 48 hours post-coitum. Collected embryos were cultured in vitro. Results showed that throughout Day 1 to Day 7, the body weight of nicotine treated group (G2) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of G1, G3 and G4. Intervention with δ-TCT mixture (G3) managed to increase the body weight close to the control group. This is also observed in the group treated with δ-TCT mixture alone (G4). The development of 8-cell embryos following in vitro culture (IVC) was totally inhibited in G2. Intervention with δ-TCT mixture (G3) resulted in the production of 8-cell embryos, although it was not up to that of the control group. Treatment with δ-TCT mixture alone (G4) caused significant increase in the average number of produced 8-cell embryo compared to G1. Present data indicated that δ-TCT mixture was able to reverse the body weight loss in nicotine treated mice and the development of 8-cell embryos was also improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B4-tocotrienol" title="δ-tocotrienol">δ-tocotrienol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20weight" title=" body weight"> body weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nicotine" title=" nicotine"> nicotine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preimplantation%20embryonic%20development" title=" preimplantation embryonic development "> preimplantation embryonic development </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24494/effects-of-supplementation-with-annatto-bixa-orellana-derived-d-tocotrienol-on-the-nicotine-induced-reduction-in-body-weight-and-8-cell-preimplantation-embryonic-development-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8350</span> Genetic Determinants of Ovarian Response to Gonadotropin Stimulation in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Tohlob">D. Tohlob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Abo%20Hashem"> E. Abo Hashem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ghareeb"> N. Ghareeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghanem"> M. Ghanem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Elfarahaty"> R. Elfarahaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Roberts"> S. A. Roberts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Pemberton"> P. Pemberton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Mohiyiddeen"> L. Mohiyiddeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20G.%20Newman"> W. G. Newman </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gonadotropin stimulation is used in females undergoing assisted reproductive treatment for ovulation induction, but ovarian response is variable and unpredictable in these women. More effective protocols and individualization of treatment are needed to increase the success rate of IVF/ICSI cycles. We genotyped seven variants reported in previous studies to be associated with ovarian response (number of ova retrieved and total gonadotropin dose) in women undergoing IVF treatment including FSHR variants Asn 680 Ser (c.2039 A > G), Thr 307 Ala (c. 919 > A), -29 G > A, HRG c.610 C > T gene, BMP15 -9 C > G, AMH Ile 49 Ser (c.146 G > T), and AMHR -489A˃G in 118 Egyptian females attending Mansoura Integrated Fertility Center in Egypt, these females were undergoing their first cycle of controlled ovarian hyper stimulation for IVF/ICSI treatment. They were analyzed by TaqMan allelic discrimination assay in Manchester Center of Genomic Medicine. We found no evidence of any significant difference (p value < 0.05) in the number of eggs retrieved or the gonadotropin dose used between individuals in all genotypes except for HRG c.610 C > T gene polymorphism where regression analysis gives a p value of 0.04 with a fewer eggs number in TT genotyped females. These results indicate that these variants do not provide sufficient clinically relevant data to individualize the treatment protocols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlled%20ovarian%20hyperstimulation" title="controlled ovarian hyperstimulation">controlled ovarian hyperstimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20variants" title=" gene variants"> gene variants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20response" title=" ovarian response"> ovarian response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assisted%20reproduction" title=" assisted reproduction"> assisted reproduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37258/genetic-determinants-of-ovarian-response-to-gonadotropin-stimulation-in-women-undergoing-assisted-reproductive-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37258.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8349</span> Effects of Breed and Number of Embryos Transferred on the Efficacy of MOET in Sheep</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20A.%20Swelum">Ayman A. Swelum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20N.%20Al-Owaimer"> Abdullah N. Al-Owaimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Abouheif"> Mohamed A. Abouheif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sheep breed and the number of embryos transferred on the success of multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET). Sixteen Najdi and Naeimi ewes were used as donors. Multiple ovulation was achieved using equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG). Thirty-five recipient ewes were divided into four groups: Najdi or Naeimi ewes that received either one or two embryos. After lambing, the gestation length, litter size, and sex of the lambs were recorded. The rates of pregnancy, lambing, and embryo survival were lower in the recipient Najdi than Naeimi ewes when two embryos were transferred. In contrast, the Naeimi ewes that received one embryo had a significantly lower embryo transfer success. In conclusion, the response of ewes to multiple ovulation stimulation using eCG was significantly high in Naeimi ewes (9.8±1.17). Moreover, transferring one embryo resulted in a significantly high pregnancy rate in the Najdi sheep (60%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embryo%20transfer" title="embryo transfer">embryo transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20ovulation" title=" multiple ovulation"> multiple ovulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najdi" title=" Najdi"> Najdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naeimi" title=" Naeimi"> Naeimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sheep" title=" sheep"> sheep</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5641/effects-of-breed-and-number-of-embryos-transferred-on-the-efficacy-of-moet-in-sheep" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5641.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">729</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8348</span> Determination of Medians of Biochemical Maternal Serum Markers in Healthy Women Giving Birth to Normal Babies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noreen%20Noreen">Noreen Noreen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamir%20%20Ijaz"> Aamir Ijaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamza%20%20Akhtar"> Hamza Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Screening plays a major role to detect chromosomal abnormalities, Down syndrome, neural tube defects and other inborn diseases of the newborn. Serum biomarkers in the second trimester are useful in determining risk of most common chromosomal anomalies; these test include Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), Unconjugated Oestriol (UEȝ)and inhibin-A. Quadruple biomarkers are worth test in diagnosing the congenital pathology during pregnancy, these procedures does not form a part of routine health care of pregnant women in Pakistan, so the median value is lacking for population in Pakistan. Objective: To determine median values of biochemical maternal serum markers in local population during second trimester maternal screening. Study settings: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Rawalpindi. Methods: Cross-Sectional study for estimation of reference values. Non-probability consecutive sampling, 155 healthy pregnant women, of 30-40 years of age, will be included. As non-parametric statistics will be used, the minimum sample size is 120. Result: Total 155 women were enrolled into this study. The age of all women enrolled ranged from 30 to39 yrs. Among them, 39 per cent of women were less than 34 years. Mean maternal age 33.46±2.35 SD and maternal body weight were 54.98±2.88. Median value of quadruple markers calculated from 15-18th week of gestation that will be used for calculation of MOM for screening of trisomy21 in this gestational age. Median value at 15 week of gestation were observed hCG 36650 mIU/ml, AFP 23.3 IU/ml, UEȝ 3.5 nmol/L, InhibinA 198 ng/L, at 16 week of gestation hCG 29050 mIU/ml, AFP 35.4 IU/ml, UEȝ 4.1 nmol/L, InhibinA 179 ng/L, at 17 week of gestation hCG 28450 mIU/ml, AFP 36.0 IU/ml, UEȝ 6.7 nmol/L, InhibinA 176 ng/L and at 18 week of gestation hCG 25200 mIU/ml, AFP 38.2 IU/ml, UEȝ 8.2 nmol/L, InhibinA 190 ng/L respectively.All the comparisons were significant (p-Value <0.005) with 95% confidence Interval (CI) and level of significance of study set by going through literature and set at 5%. Conclusion: The median values for these four biomarkers in Pakistani pregnant women can be used to calculate MoM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=screening" title="screening">screening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=down%20syndrome" title=" down syndrome"> down syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quadruple%20test" title=" quadruple test"> quadruple test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20trimester" title=" second trimester"> second trimester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum%20biomarkers" title=" serum biomarkers"> serum biomarkers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79436/determination-of-medians-of-biochemical-maternal-serum-markers-in-healthy-women-giving-birth-to-normal-babies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8347</span> The Effects of Combination of Melatonin with and without Zinc on Gonadotropin Hormones in Female Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariba%20Rahimi">Fariba Rahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Zendedel"> Morteza Zendedel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Jaafar%20Rezaee"> Mohammad Jaafar Rezaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bita%20Vazir"> Bita Vazir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahin%20Fakour"> Shahin Fakour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of melatonin (Mel) with and without zinc (Zn) on the gonadotropin hormones, also thyroid (T3 and T4) hormone concentration in female rats. A total of 40 adult female rats were randomly grouped into five treatment groups, each of 2 rats in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) entire research time. Daily was treated by gavage with Zn and melatonin as follows: T1 (control1, basal diet), T2 (control 2, treated with normal saline) and other experimental groups, including T3, T4 and T5, were treated with a dose of zinc (40 ppm), melatonin (5 mg/kg), and combination zinc plus melatonin with the same level, respectively. Blood FSH and LH concentrations were measured. The result showed no significant differences between treatments in FSH and LH levels. The estrogen and progesterone and TSH levels in rats that received 5 mg of melatonin per day were higher than in other groups but not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, T3 (thyroid) concentration significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the group that received 40 mg/zinc per Kg compared to other groups. No significant (P>0.05) difference was detected among treatments in T4 levels. In conclusion, except for T3, had no significant (P>0.05) effect on another parameter in the female rats that received melatonin or zinc and a blend of melatonin and Zn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc" title="zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin" title=" melatonin"> melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone" title=" hormone"> hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168016/the-effects-of-combination-of-melatonin-with-and-without-zinc-on-gonadotropin-hormones-in-female-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8346</span> The Effects of Combination of Melatonin with and Without Zinc on Gonadotropin Hormones in Female Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariba%20Rahimi">Fariba Rahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Zendedel"> Morteza Zendedel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Jaafar%20Rezaee"> Mohammad Jaafar Rezaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bita%20Vazir"> Bita Vazir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahin%20Fakour"> Shahin Fakour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of melatonin (Mel) with and without zinc (Zn) on the gonadotropin hormones, also thyroid (T3 and T4) hormone concentration in female rat. A total of 40 adult female rats were randomly grouped into five treatment groups, each of 2 rats in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) entire research time. Daily were treated by gavaging with Zn and melatonin as following: T1 (control1, basal diet), T2 (control 2, treated with normal saline) and other experimental groups including T3, T4 and T5 were treated with dose of zinc (40 ppm), melatonin (5 mg/kg), and combination zinc plus melatonin with the same level, respectively. Blood FSH and LH concentration were measured. Result showed no significantly differences between treatments in FSH and LH levels. The estrogen and progesterone and TSH levels in rats that received 5 mg of melatonin per day were higher than other groups, but not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, T3 (thyroid) concentration significantly (P<0.05) decreased in group that received 40 mg/zinc per Kg compared other groups. No significant (P>0.05) difference was detected among treatments in T4 levels. In conclusion, except for T3, had not significantly (P>0.05) effect on another parameters in the female rats that received melatonin or zinc and blend of melatonin and Zn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc" title="zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin" title=" melatonin"> melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone" title=" hormone"> hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168015/the-effects-of-combination-of-melatonin-with-and-without-zinc-on-gonadotropin-hormones-in-female-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168015.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8345</span> Potential of Nymphaea lotus (Nymphaeaceae) in the Treatment of Metoclopramide-Induced Hyperprolactinemia in Female Wistar Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20J.%20Sharaibi">O. J. Sharaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20T.%20Ogundipe"> O. T. Ogundipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20A.%20Magbagbeola"> O. A. Magbagbeola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Kazeem"> M. I. Kazeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20J.%20Afolayan"> A. J. Afolayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20T.%20Yakubu"> M. T. Yakubu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hyperprolactinemia is a condition of elevated levels of serum prolactin in humans. It is one of the major causes of female infertility because, excess prolactin inhibits gonadotropin secretion. When gonadotropin is low, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretions are low and so, do not stimulate gamete production and gonadal steroid synthesis. The aim of this study is to identify and investigate indigenous medicinal plants that can be used in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia. Based on the frequency of mentioning during the ethnobotanical survey, Nymphaea lotus L. was selected for studies. The prolactin-lowering potential of aqueous extract of N. lotus and its effects on other female reproductive hormones in comparison with bromocritptine was evaluated by inducing hyperprolactinemia with metoclopramide at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight of the animals for 21 days and then administered various doses of aqueous extract of N. lotus for another 21 days. Aqueous extract of N. lotus at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight significantly reduced the serum prolactin levels in female Wistar rats by 40.06, 52.60 and 61.92 % respectively. The extract at 200 mg/kg body weight had higher prolactin-lowering effect (61.92%) than bromocriptine (53.53%). Aqueous extract of N. lotus significantly increased (p < 0.05) the serum concentrations of FSH, LH and progesterone while estradiol concentrations were reduced. This study shows that Nymphaea lotus is a medicinal plant that can be used in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperprolactinemia" title="hyperprolactinemia">hyperprolactinemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infertility" title=" infertility"> infertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metoclopramide" title=" metoclopramide"> metoclopramide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nymphaea%20lotus" title=" Nymphaea lotus"> Nymphaea lotus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46120/potential-of-nymphaea-lotus-nymphaeaceae-in-the-treatment-of-metoclopramide-induced-hyperprolactinemia-in-female-wistar-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46120.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8344</span> Ovarian Hormones and Antioxidants Biomarkers in Dromedary Camels Synchronized with Controlled Intravaginal Drug Release/Ovsynch GPG Program during Breeding Season</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Hozyen">Heba Hozyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ragab%20Mohamed"> Ragab Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Abd%20El%20Hameed"> Amal Abd El Hameed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Abo%20El-Maaty"> Amal Abo El-Maaty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to investigate the effect of CIDR and ovsynch (Gonadotropin-prostaglandine-gonadotropin GPG) protocols for synchronization of follicular waves of dromedary camels on ovarian hormones, oxidative stress and conception during breeding season. Twelve dark colored dromedary camels were divided into two equal groups. The first group was subjected to CIDR insertion for 7 days and blood samples were collected each other day from the day of CIDR insertion (day 0) till day 21. The other group was subjected to GPG system (Ovsynch) and blood samples were collected daily for 11 days. Progesterone (P4) and estradiol were assayed using commercial ELISA diagnostic EIA kits. Catalase (CAT), total antioxidants capacity (TAC), glutathione reduced (GHD), lipid peroxide product (malondialdehyde, MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured colorimetrically using spectrophotometer. Results revealed that CIDR treated camels had significantly high P4 (P= 0.0001), estradiol (P= 0.0001), CAT (P= 0.034), NO (P= 0.016) and TAC (P= 0.04) but significantly low MDA (P= 0.001) and GHD (P= 0.003) compared to GPG treated ones. Camels inserted with CIDR had higher conception rate (66.7%) compared to those treated with GPG (33%). In conclusion, camels treated with CIDR had higher hormonal response and antioxidant capacity than those synchronized with GPG which positively reflected on their conception rate. The better response of camels to CIDR and the higher conception compared to GPG protocol recommends its use for future reproductive management in camels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidants" title="antioxidants">antioxidants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=camel" title=" camel"> camel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CIDR" title=" CIDR"> CIDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=season" title=" season"> season</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steroid%20hormones" title=" steroid hormones"> steroid hormones</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68184/ovarian-hormones-and-antioxidants-biomarkers-in-dromedary-camels-synchronized-with-controlled-intravaginal-drug-releaseovsynch-gpg-program-during-breeding-season" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8343</span> Comparative Study of Gonadotropin Hormones and Sperm Parameters in Two Age Groups</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Murtaza">G. Murtaza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Faiza"> H. Faiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Rafiq"> M. Rafiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Gul"> S. Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Raza"> F. Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarwat%20Anjum"> Sarwat Anjum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our objective was to investigate whether and how extensively there is a correlation between aging in men, gonadotropin hormone regulation, and a decline in sperm parameters and whether it is possible to identify an age limit beyond which the decrease in sperm feature and hormonal regulation reaches statistical significance. A total of one hundred and twenty men (age: 20–50 years) were divided into two groups; each group contained 60 males (Group A with a young age of 20–35 years and Group B with an older age of 36–50 years) who visited the Center for Reproductive Medicine (CRM) in Peshawar General Hospital (PGH) Peshawar, Pakistan. Clinical assessment and sperm analysis were investigated. Hormone testing and semen analysis were carried out in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Hormone tests, sperm morphology, and the total motile spermatozoa count (TMS) were computed. SPSS 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for the statistical analysis. It was observed that the testosterone levels in Group A (mean = 3.770) and Group B (mean = 3.995) were comparable, with a significant P-value <0.005 in both age groups. Furthermore, similar levels are shown by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (Group A mean = 19.73, Group B mean = 15.64) and luteinizing hormone (LH) (Group A mean = 12.25, Group B mean = 11.93) in both groups, with a significant P = <0.005. Sperm concentrations were most similar in Group A, with a mean of 4.44, and in Group B, with a mean of 4.42 and a significant P value of 0.005 in both groups. Additionally, it was discovered that sperm motility was higher in Group A, with a mean of 22.40 and a P-value of 0.052, which was non-significant when compared to Group B. Morphological differences were also observed in both age groups. This research found that advancing in male age does not affect sex hormone regulation; in contrast, the fraction of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa decreases as male age increases, with the strongest evidence being when the age exceeds 40 years. To clarify the causes and clinical implications of these correlations, more research is necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gonadotropins" title="gonadotropins">gonadotropins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motility" title=" motility"> motility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spermatozoa" title=" spermatozoa"> spermatozoa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testosterone" title=" testosterone"> testosterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188991/comparative-study-of-gonadotropin-hormones-and-sperm-parameters-in-two-age-groups" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8342</span> Splenic Artery Aneurysms: A Rare, Insidious Cause of Abdominal Pain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Oyediran">Christopher Oyediran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicola%20Ubayasiri"> Nicola Ubayasiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Gough"> Christopher Gough</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Splenic artery aneurysms are often clinically occult, occasionally identified incidentally with imaging. The pathogenesis of aneurysms is complex, but certain factors are thought to contribute to their development. Given the potential fatal complications of rupture, a high index of suspicion is required to make an early diagnosis. We present a case of a 36-year-old female with a history of endometriosis and multiple sclerosis who presented to the Emergency Department with sudden onset epigastric pain and collapse. On arrival, she was pale and clammy with profound tachycardia and hypotension. An ultrasound done in the resuscitation department revealed abdominal free fluid. She was resuscitated with blood and transferred for emergent laparotomy. Laparotomy revealed massive haemoperitoneum from the spleen. She underwent emergency splenectomy and inspection of the spleen revealed a splenic artery aneurysm. She received our massive transfusion protocol followed by a short stay on ITU, making a good post-operative recovery and was discharged home a week later. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aneurysm" title="aneurysm">aneurysm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20chorionic%20gonadotrophin%20%28hCG%29" title=" human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)"> human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resuscitation" title=" resuscitation"> resuscitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laparotomy" title=" laparotomy"> laparotomy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18273/splenic-artery-aneurysms-a-rare-insidious-cause-of-abdominal-pain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18273.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8341</span> Human Security and Human Trafficking Related Corruption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekin%20D.%20Horzum">Ekin D. Horzum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the proposal is to examine the relationship between human trafficking related corruption and human security. The proposal suggests that the human trafficking related corruption is about willingness of the states to turn a blind eye to the human trafficking cases. Therefore, it is important to approach human trafficking related corruption in terms of human security and human rights violation to find an effective way to fight against human trafficking. In this context, the purpose of this proposal is to examine the human trafficking related corruption as a safe haven in which trafficking thrives for perpetrators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20trafficking" title="human trafficking">human trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20security" title=" human security"> human security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title=" corruption"> corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organized%20crime" title=" organized crime"> organized crime</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5546/human-security-and-human-trafficking-related-corruption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8340</span> Anti-Prostate Cancer Effect of GV-1001, a Novel Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Ligand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Won%20Kim">Ji Won Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moo%20Yeol%20Lee"> Moo Yeol Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keon%20Wook%20Kang"> Keon Wook Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> GV-1001, 16 amino acid fragment of human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT), has been developed as an injectable cancer vaccine for many types of solid tumors showing high-level of telomerase activity. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-cancer effect of GV-1001 on androgen-receptor-positive prostate cancer. Two signaling pathways, Gs-adenylate cyclase-cAMP and Gq-IP3-Ca2+ pathways play a central role in GnRH receptor (GnRHR)-mediated activities. We found that leuprolide acetate (LA) mainly acted on Gq-mediated Ca2+ signaling, while GV-1001 preferentially acted on cAMP signaling; and both the effects were counteracted by cetrorelix, a GnRHR antagonist. We further tested whether GV-1001 affects tumor growth of human prostate cancer cells in vivo. Prostate tumor xenografts were established using LNCap, androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer cells, and the nude mice bearing tumors were subcutaneously injected with GV-1001 (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 microg/kg/day) and LA (0.01 microg/kg/day) for 2 weeks. GV-1001 (1 and 10 microg/kg/day) significantly inhibited tumor growth of LNCap xenografts. Interestingly, mRNA expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was significantly suppressed by GV-1001 injection, but not by LA administration. Boyden chamber assay revealed that GV-1001 potently inhibited cell migration of LNCap. Our finding suggests that GV-1001 as a novel GnRHR ligand, has anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects on androgen receptor-positive prostate cancer cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GV-1001" title="GV-1001">GV-1001</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GnRH" title=" GnRH"> GnRH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hTERT" title=" hTERT"> hTERT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20cancer" title=" prostate cancer"> prostate cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22012/anti-prostate-cancer-effect-of-gv-1001-a-novel-gonadotropin-releasing-hormone-receptor-ligand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8339</span> The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerols%20Seif%20Said%20Botros">Kerols Seif Said Botros</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between development and human rights has been debated for a long time. Various principles, from the right to development to development-based human rights, are applied to understand the dynamics between these two concepts. Despite the measures calculated, the connection between enhancement and human rights remains vague. Despite, the connection between these two opinions and the need to strengthen human rights have increased in recent years. It will then be examined whether the right to sustainable development is acceptable or not. In various human rights instruments and this is a good vibe to the request cited above. The book then cites domestic and international human rights treaties, as well as jurisprudence and regulations defining human rights institutions, to support this view. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security." title=" security."> security.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185693/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-human-rights-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">54</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8338</span> The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Romany%20Wagih%20Farag%20Zaky">Romany Wagih Farag Zaky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between development and human rights has long been the subject of academic debate. To understand the dynamics between these two concepts, various principles are adopted, from the right to development to development-based human rights. Despite the initiatives taken, the relationship between development and human rights remains unclear. However, the overlap between these two views and the idea that efforts should be made in the field of human rights have increased in recent years. It is then evaluated whether the right to sustainable development is acceptable or not. The article concludes that the principles of sustainable development are directly or indirectly recognized in various human rights instruments, which is a good answer to the question posed above. This book therefore cites regional and international human rights agreements such as , as well as the jurisprudence and interpretative guidelines of human rights institutions, to prove this hypothesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185111/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-human-rights-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8337</span> The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Developments Obligations and Theories</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seham%20Elia%20Moussa%20Shenouda">Seham Elia Moussa Shenouda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between development and human rights has long been the subject of academic debate. To understand the dynamics between these two concepts, various principles are adopted, from the right to development to development-based human rights. Despite the initiatives taken, the relationship between development and human rights remains unclear. However, the overlap between these two views and the idea that efforts should be made in the field of human rights have increased in recent years. It is then evaluated whether the right to sustainable development is acceptable or not. The article concludes that the principles of sustainable development are directly or indirectly recognized in various human rights instruments, which is a good answer to the question posed above. This book therefore cites regional and international human rights agreements such as , as well as the jurisprudence and interpretative guidelines of human rights institutions, to prove this hypothesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187438/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-human-developments-obligations-and-theories" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8336</span> Technology Impact on the Challenge between Human Rights and Cyber Terrorism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abanoub%20Zare%20Zakaria%20Herzalla">Abanoub Zare Zakaria Herzalla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The link between terrorism and human rights has become a major challenge in the fight against terrorism around the world. This is based on the fact that terrorism and human rights are so closely linked that when the former starts, the latter are violated. This direct connection was recognized in the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna on June 25, 1993, which recognizes that acts of terrorism in all their forms and manifestations aim to destroy the human rights of people. Terrorism therefore represents an attack on our most basic human rights. To this end, the first part of this article focuses on the connections between terrorism and human rights and seeks to highlight the interdependence between these two concepts. The second part discusses the emerging concept of cyberterrorism and its manifestations. An analysis of the fight against cyberterrorism in the context of human rights is also carried out. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security." title=" security."> security.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186036/technology-impact-on-the-challenge-between-human-rights-and-cyber-terrorism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8335</span> Human Rights Impact on Citizens Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Marzouk%20Gerais%20Abdelmalak">Joseph Marzouk Gerais Abdelmalak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interface between development and human rights has long been the subject of academic debate. Therefore, to understand the dynamics between the two concepts, a number of principles have been adopted, ranging from the right to development to a human rights-based approach to development. Despite these attempts, the exact connection between development and human rights is not yet fully understood. However, the inherent interdependence between these two concepts and the idea that development efforts should be undertaken with respect for human rights guarantees have gained momentum in recent years. It will then be examined whether the right to sustainable development is recognized.The article therefore concludes that the principles of sustainable development are recognized, directly or indirectly, in various human rights instruments, which represents a positive answer to the question posed above. Therefore, this work discusses international and regional human rights instruments as well as case law and interpretative guidelines from human rights bodies to demonstrate this hypothesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182476/human-rights-impact-on-citizens-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8334</span> An Interaction between Human and Animal through the Death Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mindaugas%20Kazlauskas">Mindaugas Kazlauskas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, it is presupposed that the description of the relationship between animal and human should begin with a description of the direct experience of the animal and how, in this experience, the human experiences itself (a self awareness mode). A human is concerned first and foremost with himself as a human through the experience of another as an animal. The questionsare: In the encounter with an animal, how is the animal constituted in the acts of human experience? How does human-animal interaction influence human behavioral patterns, and how does the human identifies itself in this interaction? The paper will present the results of interpretative phenomenological descriptions (IPA) of the relationship between human and animal in the face of death phenomenon through the experience of pet owners who lost their beloved companions and hunters, veterinatians, and farmers who face animal death. The results of IPA analysis reveal different relations such as the identification with an animal, the alienation experience, the experience of resistance, and an experience of detachment. Within these themes, IPA qualitative research results will be presented by highlighting patterns of human behavior, following Friedrich Schlachermacher's hermeneutics methodological principles, and reflecting on changes in value and attitude within society during daily interaction with the animal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20human%20interaction" title="animal human interaction">animal human interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenology" title=" phenomenology"> phenomenology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy" title=" philosophy"> philosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=death%20phenomenon" title=" death phenomenon"> death phenomenon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150335/an-interaction-between-human-and-animal-through-the-death-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8333</span> The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights Legislations and Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shenouda%20Farag%20Aziz%20Ibrahim">Shenouda Farag Aziz Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between terrorism and human rights has become an important issue in the fight against terrorism worldwide. This is based on the fact that terrorism and human rights are closely linked, so that when the former begins, the latter suffers. This direct link was recognized in the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action adopted by the International Conference on Human Rights held in Vienna on 25 June 1993, which recognized that terrorist acts aim to violate human rights in all their forms and manifestations. . Therefore, terrorism represents an attack on fundamental human rights. For this purpose, the first part of this article focuses on the relationship between terrorism and human rights and aims to show the relationship between these two concepts. In the second part, the concept of cyber threat and its manifestations are discussed. An analysis of the fight against terrorism in the context of human rights was also made.. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security." title=" security."> security.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186496/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-human-rights-legislations-and-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8332</span> Human Rights Abuse in the Garment Factory in Bekasi Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manotar%20Tampubolon">Manotar Tampubolon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although the Indonesian human rights protection has increased in recent years, but human rights violations still occur in the industrial sector. Crimes against human rights continue to occur and go unnoticed in spite of the government's legislation on human rights, employment law in addition to an international treaty that has been ratified by Indonesia. The increasing number of garment companies in Bekasi, also give rise to increased human rights violations since the government does not have a commitment to protect it. The Indonesian government and industry owners should pay attention to and protect the human rights of workers and treat them accordingly. This paper will review the human rights violations experienced by workers at garment factories in the context of the law, as well as ideas to improve the protection of workers' rights. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20protection" title="human rights protection">human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4338/human-rights-abuse-in-the-garment-factory-in-bekasi-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8331</span> Human Smuggling and Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perihan%20Hazel%20Kaya">Perihan Hazel Kaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20G%C3%B6ktu%C4%9F%20Kaya"> Mustafa Göktuğ Kaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turkey has been a busy destination for immigration and it will always be as it is the geographical and cultural exit door of the East and the entrance door of the West. Among these immigrations, we can see the victims of human trafficking, human smuggling, refugees and those who came here to work and live. Human smuggling, which is one of the movements of illegal immigration, is the specific subject of this work. The fact that our country lies on the transportation destinations between the continents of Asia, Europe and Africa, the crime of human smuggling is highly committed in our country. The aim of the victims of human smuggling is to go to a more developed country to have higher standards of living, to get a better job and to escape from the economic and social instability of their countries. The human smuggling, which has gathered pace due to the improvements in communication and transportation, is not a regional issue and has become one of the most important problems for almost all countries. Accordingly, the reasons, methods and extent of human smuggling will be dealt firstly. Later, it will be studied why Turkey is preffered in human smuggling. Finally, statistical data will be given to show how much human smuggling has gone far in Turkey and the study will be finished with that what is being done and what can be done to prevent it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20smuggling" title="human smuggling">human smuggling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigration" title=" immigration"> immigration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigrator" title=" immigrator"> immigrator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20trafficking" title=" human trafficking"> human trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29407/human-smuggling-and-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8330</span> Preliminary Study of Human Reliability of Control in Case of Fire Based on the Decision Processes and Stress Model of Human in a Fire</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Un%20Chae">Seung-Un Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heung-Yul%20Kim"> Heung-Yul Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sa-Kil%20Kim"> Sa-Kil Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the findings of preliminary study on human control performance in case of fire. The relationship between human control and human decision is studied in decision processes and stress model of human in a fire. Human behavior aspects involved in the decision process during a fire incident. The decision processes appear that six of individual perceptual processes: recognition, validation, definition, evaluation, commitment, and reassessment. Then, human may be stressed in order to get an optimal decision for their activity. This paper explores problems in human control processes and stresses in a catastrophic situation. Thus, the future approach will be concerned to reduce stresses and ambiguous irrelevant information. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20reliability" title="human reliability">human reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20processes" title=" decision processes"> decision processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20model" title=" stress model"> stress model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire" title=" fire"> fire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50470/preliminary-study-of-human-reliability-of-control-in-case-of-fire-based-on-the-decision-processes-and-stress-model-of-human-in-a-fire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">986</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8329</span> Human Security as a Tool of Protecting International Human Rights Law</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arenca%20Trashani">Arenca Trashani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 20 years after its first entrance in a General Assembly of the United Nation’s Resolution, human security has became a very important tool in a global debate affecting directly the whole main rules and regulations in international law and more closely in international human rights law. This paper will cover a very important issue of today at how the human security has its impact to the development of international human rights law, not as far as a challenge as it is seen up now but a tool of moving toward development and globalization. In order to analyze the impact of human security to the global agenda, we need to look to the main pillars of the international legal order which are affected by the human security in itself and its application in the policy making for this international legal order global and regional ones. This paper will focus, also, on human security, as a new and very important tool of measuring development, stability and the level of democratic consolidation and the respect for human rights especially in developing countries such as Albania. The states are no longer capable to monopolize the use of human security just within their boundaries and separated from the other principles of a functioning democracy. In this context, human security would be best guaranteed under the respect of the rule of law and democratization. During the last two decades the concept security has broadly developed, from a state-centric to a more human-centric approach: from state security to respect for human rights, to economic security, to environmental security as well. Last but not least we would see that human rights could be affected by human security not just at their promotion but also at their enforcement and mainly at the international institutions, which are entitled to promote and to protect human rights. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20security" title="human security">human security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20human%20rights%20law" title=" international human rights law"> international human rights law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albania" title=" Albania"> Albania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20law" title=" international law"> international law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23648/human-security-as-a-tool-of-protecting-international-human-rights-law" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">758</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8328</span> The Nexus between Counter Terrorism and Human Rights with a Perspective on Cyber Terrorism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allan%20Munyao%20Mukuki">Allan Munyao Mukuki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nexus between terrorism and human rights has become a big challenge in the fight against terrorism globally. This is hinged on the fact that terrorism and human rights are interrelated to the extent that, when the former starts, the latter is violated. This direct linkage was recognised in the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action as adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna on 25 June 1993 which agreed that acts of terrorism in all its forms and manifestations are aimed at the destruction of human rights. Hence, terrorism constitutes an assault on our most basic human rights. To this end, the first part of this paper will focus on the nexus between terrorism and human rights and endeavors to draw a co-relation between these two concepts. The second part thereafter will analyse the emerging concept of cyber-terrorism and how it takes place. Further, an analysis of cyber counter-terrorism balanced as against human rights will also be undertaken. This will be done through the analysis of the concept of ‘securitisation’ of human rights as well as the need to create a balance between counterterrorism efforts as against the protection of human rights at all costs. The paper will then concludes with recommendations on how to balance counter-terrorism and human rights in the modern age. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance" title="balance">balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counter-terrorism" title=" counter-terrorism"> counter-terrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyber-terrorism" title=" cyber-terrorism"> cyber-terrorism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violation" title=" violation"> violation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59276/the-nexus-between-counter-terrorism-and-human-rights-with-a-perspective-on-cyber-terrorism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8327</span> Resistance of African States Against the African Court on Human and People Rights (ACPHR)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayyoub%20Jamali">Ayyoub Jamali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At the first glance, it seems that the African Court on Human and People’s Rights has achieved a tremendous development in the protection of human rights in Africa. Since its first judgement in 2009, the court has taken a robust approach/ assertive stance, showing its strength by finding states to be in violation of the Africana Charter and other human rights treaties. This paper seeks to discuss various challenges and resistance that the Court has faced since the adoption of the Founding Protocol to the Establishment of the African Court on Human and People’s Rights. The outcome of the paper casts shadow on the legitimacy and effectiveness of the African Court as the guarantor of human rights within the African continent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20Court%20on%20Human%20and%20People%E2%80%99s%20Rights" title="African Court on Human and People’s Rights">African Court on Human and People’s Rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20Union" title=" African Union"> African Union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20regional%20human%20rights%20system" title=" African regional human rights system"> African regional human rights system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compliance" title=" compliance"> compliance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120714/resistance-of-african-states-against-the-african-court-on-human-and-people-rights-acphr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8326</span> The Effect of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights Legislations and Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawal%20Yacoub%20Halim%20Abdelmasih">Nawal Yacoub Halim Abdelmasih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The link between terrorism and human rights has grown to be a chief challenge in the combat against terrorism around the sector. This is primarily based on the truth that terrorism and human rights are so closely related that after the former starts, the latter is violated. This direct connection is identified in the Vienna Declaration and program of movement adopted by way of the sector Convention on Human Rights in Vienna on June 25, 1993, which acknowledges that acts of terrorism in all their paperwork and manifestations intended to damage the human rights of people. Terrorism, therefore, represents an assault on our maximum fundamental human rights. To this stop, the first part of this article makes a specialty of the connections between terrorism and human rights and seeks to spotlight the interdependence between those two standards. The second part discusses the rising idea of cyberterrorism and its manifestations. An evaluation of the fight against cyberterrorism inside the context of human rights is likewise performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title="sustainable development">sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title=" human rights"> human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20right%20to%20development" title=" the right to development"> the right to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20human%20rights-based%20approach%20to%20development" title=" the human rights-based approach to development"> the human rights-based approach to development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20rights" title=" environmental rights"> environmental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability%20human%20rights%20protection" title=" social sustainability human rights protection"> social sustainability human rights protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights%20violations" title=" human rights violations"> human rights violations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers%E2%80%99%20rights" title=" workers’ rights"> workers’ rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=justice" title=" justice"> justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security." title=" security."> security.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195003/the-effect-of-artificial-intelligence-on-human-rights-legislations-and-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">6</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8325</span> Importance of Human Resources Training in an Information Age</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Serap%20F%C4%B1rat">A. Serap Fırat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to display conceptually the relationship and interaction between matter of human resources training and the information age. Fast development from industrial community to an information community has occurred and organizations have been seeking ways to overcome this change. Human resources policy and human capital with enhanced competence will have direct impact on work performance; therefore, this paper deals with the increased importance of human resource management due to the fact that it nurtures human capital. Researching and scanning are used as a method in this study. Both local and foreign literature and expert views are employed -as much as one could be- in the making of the theoretical framework of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resources" title="human resources">human resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20age" title=" information age"> information age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organization" title=" organization"> organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupation" title=" occupation"> occupation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9643/importance-of-human-resources-training-in-an-information-age" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9643.pdf" 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