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Peter Stuyvesant - Wikipedia

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href="#Verwarring_over_naam_en_geboorteplaats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Verwarring over naam en geboorteplaats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwarring_over_naam_en_geboorteplaats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Huwelijk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Huwelijk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Huwelijk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Huwelijk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Loopbaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Loopbaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Loopbaan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Loopbaan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon 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</a> <ul id="toc-Vernoemd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monumenten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monumenten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Monumenten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monumenten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Literatuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fictie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fictie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Fictie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fictie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Stuyvesant</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 36 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="بيتر ستويفسانت – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيتر ستويفسانت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="بيتر ستويفسانت – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيتر ستويفسانت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Stuyvesant" title="Petrus Stuyvesant – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Petrus Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Stuyvesant" title="Petrus Stuyvesant – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Petrus Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="پیتر استایفه‌سانت – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیتر استایفه‌سانت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter_Stuyvesant" title="Pieter Stuyvesant – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pieter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter_Stuyvesant" title="Pieter Stuyvesant – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Pieter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Oppersorbisch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Oppersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%82%A4%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="ピーター・ストイフェサント – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピーター・ストイフェサント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%ED%84%B0%EB%A5%B4_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9C%84%EB%B2%A0%EC%82%B0%ED%8A%B8" title="페터르 스타위베산트 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페터르 스타위베산트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Nederduits" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter_Stuyvesant" title="Pieter Stuyvesant – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pieter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Papiaments" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiaments" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%91%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82,_%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Стёйвесант, Питер – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стёйвесант, Питер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Пітер Стаувесант – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пітер Стаувесант" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Peter Stuyvesant – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Peter Stuyvesant" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%B0%E5%BC%97%E6%A3%AE%E7%89%B9" title="彼得·斯泰弗森特 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="彼得·斯泰弗森特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161536#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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href="/wiki/Bestand:Petrus_(Peter_Pieter)_Stuyvesant_portrait_c1660.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Petrus Stuyvesant, circa 1660 (onbekend schilder, toegeschreven aan Hendrick Couturier en voorheen als een Rembrandt beschouwd. Olieverf op hout, New-York Historical Society)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Petrus_%28Peter_Pieter%29_Stuyvesant_portrait_c1660.jpg/266px-Petrus_%28Peter_Pieter%29_Stuyvesant_portrait_c1660.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Petrus_%28Peter_Pieter%29_Stuyvesant_portrait_c1660.jpg/399px-Petrus_%28Peter_Pieter%29_Stuyvesant_portrait_c1660.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Petrus_%28Peter_Pieter%29_Stuyvesant_portrait_c1660.jpg/532px-Petrus_%28Peter_Pieter%29_Stuyvesant_portrait_c1660.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1691" data-file-height="2103" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%">Petrus Stuyvesant, circa <a href="/wiki/1660" title="1660">1660</a> (onbekend schilder, toegeschreven aan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hendrick_Couturier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hendrick Couturier (de pagina bestaat niet)">Hendrick Couturier</a> en voorheen als een <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt_van_Rijn" title="Rembrandt van Rijn">Rembrandt</a> beschouwd. Olieverf op hout, New-York Historical Society)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Geboren </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1611" title="1611">1611</a> of <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a><br />ws. <a href="/wiki/Peperga" title="Peperga">Peperga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Weststellingwerf" title="Weststellingwerf">Weststellingwerf</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Overleden </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1672" title="1672">1672</a><br /><a href="/wiki/New_York_(stad)" title="New York (stad)">New York</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Handtekening </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Pieter_Stuyvesant_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Handtekening"><img alt="Handtekening" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pieter_Stuyvesant_signature.svg/128px-Pieter_Stuyvesant_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pieter_Stuyvesant_signature.svg/192px-Pieter_Stuyvesant_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Pieter_Stuyvesant_signature.svg/256px-Pieter_Stuyvesant_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3">directeur van de <a href="/wiki/ABC-eilanden_(Antillen)" title="ABC-eilanden (Antillen)">ABC-eilanden</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Aangetreden </th> <td colspan="2">1643 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Einde termijn </th> <td colspan="2">1645 </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Directeur-generaal" title="Directeur-generaal">directeur-generaal</a> van <a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Nederland" title="Nieuw-Nederland">Nieuw-Nederland</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Aangetreden </th> <td colspan="2">1645 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Einde termijn </th> <td colspan="2">1664 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorganger </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Willem_Kieft" title="Willem Kieft">Willem Kieft</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger </th> <td colspan="2">geen </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>&#160; <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> &#160; </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Politiek" title="Portaal:Politiek">Politiek</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#DDEEF8; color:inherit;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Nederland" title="Nieuw-Nederland">Nieuw-Nederland</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:1662_1725_Neobelgii_Allard_Ottens%C2%B3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1662 1725 Neobelgii Allard Ottens³.jpg"><img alt="1662 1725 Neobelgii Allard Ottens³.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/1662_1725_Neobelgii_Allard_Ottens%C2%B3.jpg/200px-1662_1725_Neobelgii_Allard_Ottens%C2%B3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/1662_1725_Neobelgii_Allard_Ottens%C2%B3.jpg/300px-1662_1725_Neobelgii_Allard_Ottens%C2%B3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/1662_1725_Neobelgii_Allard_Ottens%C2%B3.jpg/400px-1662_1725_Neobelgii_Allard_Ottens%C2%B3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3319" data-file-height="2839" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3"> <p><span style="font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Nederland#Nederzettingen" title="Nieuw-Nederland">Nederzettingen</a>:</b></span><br /> </p> <div style="text-align:left"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68437638">.mw-parser-output .kolommen{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:1em;row-gap:0.3em;margin-top:0.3em;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .kolom{flex:1 1 15em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .kolom,.mw-parser-output .thumbcaption .kolom{flex-basis:0}.mw-parser-output .kolommen-auto>.kolom{flex-basis:auto}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Boswijck" title="Boswijck">Boswijck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaanendael" title="Swaanendael">Swaanendael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Amstel" title="Nieuw-Amstel">Nieuw-Amstel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altena_(Nieuw-Nederland)" title="Altena (Nieuw-Nederland)">Altena</a></li></ul> </div></div></div> <p><span style="font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Fort_(vesting)" title="Fort (vesting)">Forten</a>:</b></span> </p> <div style="text-align:left"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68437638"><div class="kolommen kolommen-auto"> <div class="kolom" style="flex-basis: 10em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Amsterdam_(Nieuw-Nederland)" title="Fort Amsterdam (Nieuw-Nederland)">Fort Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Nassau_(Noortrivier)" title="Fort Nassau (Noortrivier)">Fort Nassau (noord)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Oranje_(Nieuw-Nederland)" title="Fort Oranje (Nieuw-Nederland)">Fort Oranje</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Nassau_(Zuydtrivier)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fort Nassau (Zuydtrivier) (de pagina bestaat niet)">Fort Nassau (zuid)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Goede_Hoop_(Nieuw-Nederland)" title="Fort Goede Hoop (Nieuw-Nederland)">Fort Goede Hoop</a></li></ul> </div><div class="kolom"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Casimir" title="Fort Casimir">Fort Casimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altena_(Nieuw-Nederland)" title="Altena (Nieuw-Nederland)">Fort Altena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Wilhelmus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fort Wilhelmus (de pagina bestaat niet)">Fort Wilhelmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Beversreede" title="Fort Beversreede">Fort Beversreede</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_Nya_Korsholm&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fort Nya Korsholm (de pagina bestaat niet)">Fort Nya Korsholm</a></li></ul> </div></div></div> <p><span style="font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Patroonschap" title="Patroonschap">Patroonschappen</a>:</b></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Rensselaerswijck" title="Rensselaerswijck">Rensselaerswijck</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Colen_Donck" title="Colen Donck">Colen Donck</a> </p><p><br /> <span style="font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Gouverneur_van_Nieuw-Nederland" class="mw-redirect" title="Gouverneur van Nieuw-Nederland">Gouverneurs van Nieuw-Nederland</a>:</b></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Jacobsz._May" title="Cornelius Jacobsz. May">Cornelius Mey</a> <i>(1620-1625)</i><br /> <a href="/wiki/Willem_Verhulst" title="Willem Verhulst">Willem Verhulst</a> <i>(1625-26)</i><br /> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Minuit" title="Peter Minuit">Pierre Minuit</a> <i>(1626-33)</i><br /> <a href="/wiki/Wouter_van_Twiller" title="Wouter van Twiller">Wouter van Twiller</a> <i>(1633-38)</i><br /> <a href="/wiki/Willem_Kieft" title="Willem Kieft">Willem Kieft</a> <i>(1638-47)</i><br /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peter Stuyvesant</a> <i>(1647-64)</i><br /> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Colve" title="Anthony Colve">Anthony Colve</a> <i>(1673-74)</i><br /> <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_van_Steenwijck" title="Cornelis van Steenwijck">Cornelis van Steenwijck</a> <i>(1676)</i> (<a href="/wiki/Nederlands_Acadi%C3%AB" title="Nederlands Acadië">Acadië</a>) </p><p><br /> <span style="font-size:110%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Luitenant-gouverneur" title="Luitenant-gouverneur">Luitenant-gouverneurs</a> van de Zuidrivier kolonie:</b></span><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Paul_Jaquet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Johan Paul Jaquet (de pagina bestaat niet)">Johan Paul Jaquet</a> <i>(1655-?)</i><br /> Alricks <i>(?)</i><br /> Hinnojosn <i>(?)</i><br /> Mr. Beekman <i>(1659-1664)</i><br /> </p><p><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>Belangrijke personen:</b></span><br /> <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Binckes" title="Jacob Binckes">Jacob Binckes</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Adriaen_van_der_Donck" title="Adriaen van der Donck">Adriaen van der Donck</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_Evertsen_de_Jongste" title="Cornelis Evertsen de Jongste">Cornelis Evertsen de Jongste</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Kiliaen_van_Rensselaer" title="Kiliaen van Rensselaer">Kiliaen van Rensselaer</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Brant_van_Slichtenhorst" title="Brant van Slichtenhorst">Brant van Slichtenhorst</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Cornelis_van_Tienhoven" title="Cornelis van Tienhoven">Cornelis van Tienhoven</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Willem_Usselincx" title="Willem Usselincx">Willem Usselincx</a> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Petrus Stuyvesant</b> (hoogstwaarschijnlijk <a href="/wiki/Peperga" title="Peperga">Peperga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Weststellingwerf" title="Weststellingwerf">Weststellingwerf</a>), <a href="/wiki/1611" title="1611">1611</a> of <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a> – <a href="/wiki/New_York_(stad)" title="New York (stad)">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/1672" title="1672">1672</a>) was een Nederlands koloniaal bestuurder. Stuyvesant was vanaf 1645 <a href="/wiki/Directeur-generaal" title="Directeur-generaal">directeur-generaal</a> van de Nederlandse kolonie <a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Nederland" title="Nieuw-Nederland">Nieuw-Nederland</a>, totdat deze in 1664 werd veroverd door de Engelsen. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwarring_over_naam_en_geboorteplaats">Verwarring over naam en geboorteplaats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Verwarring over naam en geboorteplaats" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Verwarring over naam en geboorteplaats"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Er is vroeger foutief bericht dat Stuyvesant in 1592 of 1602 werd geboren in <a href="/wiki/Scherpenzeel_(Friesland)" title="Scherpenzeel (Friesland)">Scherpenzeel</a>. Zijn vader (<i>Balthazar Stuyvesant</i>) werd echter pas tussen 1612 en 1619 <a href="/wiki/Predikant" title="Predikant">predikant</a> in het Friese Scherpenzeel en stond voordien in <a href="/wiki/Peperga" title="Peperga">Peperga</a>, zodat dit de geboorteplaats van Pieter moet zijn. Zijn moeder was <i>Margaretha van Hardenstein </i>(1575-1625). Haar grafsteen bevindt zich in de <a href="/wiki/Koepelkerk_(Berlikum)" title="Koepelkerk (Berlikum)">koepelkerk</a> van <a href="/wiki/Berlikum" title="Berlikum">Berlikum</a>, waar Pieters vader van 1622-1634 predikant was. Pieter is dus tussen 1612 en 1619 naar Scherpenzeel verhuisd en heeft daar tot 1622 gewoond. In zijn vroege jeugd voerde Stuyvesant de voornaam Pieter, maar later <a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">latiniseerde</a> hij die tot Petrus. In de <a href="/wiki/19e_eeuw" title="19e eeuw">19e eeuw</a> werd dit door Amerikaanse historici veramerikaanst tot Peter, een vorm die in de 17e eeuw nooit gebruikt is. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Huwelijk">Huwelijk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Huwelijk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Huwelijk"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Op 8 augustus 1645 kregen Pieter Stuijvesant Directeur-Generaal van Nieuw-Nederland afkomstig van Stellingwerf en Judith Baijard afkomstig van Breda in Alphen vertoog om op 13 augustus in Breda te trouwen. Judith was de zus van zijn zwager Samuel Baijard, Frans-Schoolmeester in Alphen die op 21 oktober 1638 in Amsterdam getrouwd was met zijn zus Annetje Stuijvesant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Loopbaan">Loopbaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Loopbaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Loopbaan"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Curaçao"><span id="Cura.C3.A7ao"></span>Curaçao</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Curaçao" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Curaçao"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Als domineeszoon werd Stuyvesant als Petrus Stuijfsande in 1629 ingeschreven aan de <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Franeker" title="Universiteit van Franeker">Universiteit van Franeker</a>, maar hij nam in het begin van de jaren dertig dienst bij de <a href="/wiki/West-Indische_Compagnie" title="West-Indische Compagnie">West-Indische Compagnie</a>. Vanaf 1639 was hij gestationeerd op <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a>, van welke kolonie hij in 1643 directeur werd. In die hoedanigheid voerde hij het bevel over de zogenaamde '<a href="/wiki/ABC-eilanden_(Antillen)" title="ABC-eilanden (Antillen)">ABC-eilanden</a>': <a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a> en <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a>. Hij verloor een been tijdens een gevecht tegen de <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanjaarden</a> op <a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten_(Caribisch_eiland)" title="Sint Maarten (Caribisch eiland)">Sint Maarten</a> en droeg voor het grootste deel van zijn volwassen leven een houten been.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nieuw-Amsterdam">Nieuw-Amsterdam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Nieuw-Amsterdam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Nieuw-Amsterdam"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg/260px-GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg/390px-GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg/520px-GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7276" data-file-height="4964" /></a><figcaption>Nieuw-Amsterdam ('Nieuw Iorx') in 1664, ten tijde van Stuyvesants vertrek</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1645 werd Peter Stuyvesant verkozen om in <a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Amsterdam_(Nieuw-Nederland)" title="Nieuw-Amsterdam (Nieuw-Nederland)">Nieuw-Amsterdam</a> de vorige gouverneur (<a href="/wiki/Willem_Kieft" title="Willem Kieft">Willem Kieft</a>) te vervangen. Hij slaagde erin de stad te beschermen tegen aanvallen van indianen en het gebied uit te breiden, onder meer met land dat bekendstond als <a href="/wiki/Nieuw-Zweden" title="Nieuw-Zweden">Nieuw-Zweden</a>. Onder zijn strenge regime heerste er geen volledige godsdienstvrijheid. Hij kwam in aanvaring met de <a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">quakers</a> nadat hij hun jeugdige predikant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Hodgson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Hodgson (de pagina bestaat niet)">Robert Hodgson</a> publiekelijk een lijfstraf had opgelegd. Daarna vaardigde hij een decreet uit dat eenieder die onderdak verschafte aan quakers beboet en bestraft kon worden. Dit leidde tot protesten van de inwoners van <a href="/wiki/Flushing_(Queens)" title="Flushing (Queens)">Flushing</a> (Vlissingen) in <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>. Hun protest staat bekend als de <a href="/wiki/Remonstrantie_van_Vlissingen" title="Remonstrantie van Vlissingen">Remonstrantie van Vlissingen</a> en was volgens sommigen een belangrijke voorloper van de grondwettelijke godsdienstvrijheid in de VS. Ook joodse immigranten onthield hij rechten. Er woonden al joden met Amsterdamse paspoorten in Nieuw-Amsterdam toen een volgende groep joden uit Brazilië arriveerde, die geen identiteitspapieren bezat. Door de <a href="/wiki/WIC" class="mw-redirect" title="WIC">WIC</a> werd Stuyvesant gedwongen hen toe te laten, maar hij stond hun niet toe een <a href="/wiki/Synagoge" title="Synagoge">synagoge</a> te bouwen. </p><p>In 1664 zond de Engelse koning <a href="/wiki/Karel_II_van_Engeland" title="Karel II van Engeland">Karel II</a> een vloot van vier schepen met 450 manschappen naar Nieuw-Amsterdam, die de overgave aan Engeland eisten. De WIC eiste dat Stuyvesant zich zou overgeven omdat men bang was dat de Engelse koning Karel II anders tegen Holland in het harnas zou jagen en dus tekende Stuyvesant voor de overgave op 24 september 1664. De inwoners van de stad, die New York ging heten, werd vrijheid van godsdienst gegarandeerd. Dit droeg bij aan het uitbreken van de <a href="/wiki/Tweede_Engels-Nederlandse_Oorlog" title="Tweede Engels-Nederlandse Oorlog">Tweede Engels-Nederlandse Oorlog</a> in 1665. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vernoemd">Vernoemd</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vernoemd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vernoemd"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>De New Yorkse straat <a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Street" title="Stuyvesant Street">Stuyvesant Street</a> in Manhattan is naar hem vernoemd en is een van de oudste straten van de stad. Ongeveer 200 meter van deze straat bevindt zich het stadspark <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stuyvesant_Square&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stuyvesant Square (de pagina bestaat niet)">Stuyvesant Square</a>. Ook twee New Yorkse scholen (<a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_High_School" title="Stuyvesant High School">Stuyvesant High School</a> en Stuyvesant Middle School) zijn naar hem vernoemd. Bovendien draagt het hedendaagse sociale woningcomplex op de plek waar zijn voormalige boerderij (<a href="/wiki/Bowery_(buurt)" title="Bowery (buurt)">bouwerij</a>) stond in Manhattan de naam "Stuyvesant Town". In het New Yorkse stadsdeel Brooklyn ontleent de wijk <a href="/wiki/Bedford-Stuyvesant" title="Bedford-Stuyvesant">Bedford-Stuyvesant</a> haar naam aan de wijk "Stuyvesant Heights".</li> <li>Op <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> was Peter Stuyvesant College naar hem vernoemd. In maart 2011 werd dit hernoemd naar <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Felippe_Paula" title="Alejandro Felippe Paula">Alejandro 'Jandi' Paula</a>.</li> <li>In onder meer <a href="/wiki/Leeuwarden_(stad)" title="Leeuwarden (stad)">Leeuwarden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santpoort" title="Santpoort">Santpoort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haarlem" title="Haarlem">Haarlem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amersfoort" title="Amersfoort">Amersfoort</a> en <a href="/wiki/Spanga" title="Spanga">Spanga</a> zijn straten naar hem vernoemd, in <a href="/wiki/Den_Haag" title="Den Haag">Den Haag</a> een straat en plein.</li> <li><i>Peter Stuyvesant</i> is ook een <a href="/wiki/Sigaret" title="Sigaret">sigarettenmerk</a> van <a href="/wiki/Reemtsma" title="Reemtsma">Reemtsma</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, Duits dochterbedrijf van de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperial_Tobacco_Group&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperial Tobacco Group (de pagina bestaat niet)">Imperial Tobacco Group</a> (ITG).</li> <li>Stuyvesant is hoofdpersoon in de <a href="/wiki/Suske_en_Wiske" title="Suske en Wiske">Suske en Wiske</a>-strip <i><a href="/wiki/De_stugge_Stuyvesant" title="De stugge Stuyvesant">De stugge Stuyvesant</a></i>. Hierin wordt hij naar onze eigen tijd gehaald en wil hij opnieuw de macht over New York in handen krijgen.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_Stuyvesantkerk" title="Pieter Stuyvesantkerk">Pieter Stuyvesantkerk</a> in <a href="/wiki/Peperga" title="Peperga">Peperga</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monumenten">Monumenten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Monumenten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Monumenten"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Een <a href="/wiki/Replica" title="Replica">replica</a> van de grafsteen van Stuyvesant is nog steeds te zien in de muur van St. Mark's in-the-Bowery te New York (Manhattan), waar ook een borstbeeld van hem staat. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Stuyvesant_Wolvega_05c.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Monument in Wolvega"><img alt="Monument in Wolvega" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Stuyvesant_Wolvega_05c.JPG/90px-Stuyvesant_Wolvega_05c.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Stuyvesant_Wolvega_05c.JPG/135px-Stuyvesant_Wolvega_05c.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Stuyvesant_Wolvega_05c.JPG/180px-Stuyvesant_Wolvega_05c.JPG 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monument in <a href="/wiki/Wolvega" title="Wolvega">Wolvega</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Stuyvesant_04c.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Monument bij Scherpenzeel"><img alt="Monument bij Scherpenzeel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stuyvesant_04c.JPG/90px-Stuyvesant_04c.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stuyvesant_04c.JPG/135px-Stuyvesant_04c.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stuyvesant_04c.JPG/180px-Stuyvesant_04c.JPG 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gedenknaald_Peter_Stuyvesant" title="Gedenknaald Peter Stuyvesant">Monument</a> bij <a href="/wiki/Scherpenzeel_(Friesland)" title="Scherpenzeel (Friesland)">Scherpenzeel</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Stuyvesant_Peperga_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Monument in Peperga"><img alt="Monument in Peperga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Stuyvesant_Peperga_04.JPG/90px-Stuyvesant_Peperga_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Stuyvesant_Peperga_04.JPG/135px-Stuyvesant_Peperga_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Stuyvesant_Peperga_04.JPG/180px-Stuyvesant_Peperga_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monument in <a href="/wiki/Peperga" title="Peperga">Peperga</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:West_Indisch_Huis_Binnenplaats.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Binnenplaats West-Indisch Huis (Amsterdam)"><img alt="Binnenplaats West-Indisch Huis (Amsterdam)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/West_Indisch_Huis_Binnenplaats.jpg/90px-West_Indisch_Huis_Binnenplaats.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/West_Indisch_Huis_Binnenplaats.jpg/135px-West_Indisch_Huis_Binnenplaats.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/West_Indisch_Huis_Binnenplaats.jpg/180px-West_Indisch_Huis_Binnenplaats.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Binnenplaats <a href="/wiki/West-Indisch_Huis_(Amsterdam)" title="West-Indisch Huis (Amsterdam)">West-Indisch Huis (Amsterdam)</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Peter_Stuyvesant_Statue_in_Stuyvesant_Square_(WTM_tony_0049).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Standbeeld op Stuyvesant Square, New York"><img alt="Standbeeld op Stuyvesant Square, New York" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Peter_Stuyvesant_Statue_in_Stuyvesant_Square_%28WTM_tony_0049%29.jpg/80px-Peter_Stuyvesant_Statue_in_Stuyvesant_Square_%28WTM_tony_0049%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Peter_Stuyvesant_Statue_in_Stuyvesant_Square_%28WTM_tony_0049%29.jpg/120px-Peter_Stuyvesant_Statue_in_Stuyvesant_Square_%28WTM_tony_0049%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Peter_Stuyvesant_Statue_in_Stuyvesant_Square_%28WTM_tony_0049%29.jpg/160px-Peter_Stuyvesant_Statue_in_Stuyvesant_Square_%28WTM_tony_0049%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Standbeeld op Stuyvesant Square, New York</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Petrus_Stuyvesant_statue.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Borstbeeld in New York voor de St. Mark&#39;s Church in-the-Bowery gemaakt door Toon Dupuis."><img alt="Borstbeeld in New York voor de St. Mark&#39;s Church in-the-Bowery gemaakt door Toon Dupuis." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Petrus_Stuyvesant_statue.jpg/90px-Petrus_Stuyvesant_statue.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Petrus_Stuyvesant_statue.jpg/135px-Petrus_Stuyvesant_statue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Petrus_Stuyvesant_statue.jpg/180px-Petrus_Stuyvesant_statue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Borstbeeld in New York voor de <a href="/wiki/St._Mark%27s_Church_in-the-Bowery" title="St. Mark&#39;s Church in-the-Bowery">St. Mark's Church in-the-Bowery</a> gemaakt door <a href="/wiki/Toon_Dupuis" title="Toon Dupuis">Toon Dupuis</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Peter_Stuyvesant_tombstone.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peter Stuyvesant gedenksteen op St. Mark&#39;s Church, New York"><img alt="Peter Stuyvesant gedenksteen op St. Mark&#39;s Church, New York" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Peter_Stuyvesant_tombstone.jpg/120px-Peter_Stuyvesant_tombstone.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Peter_Stuyvesant_tombstone.jpg/180px-Peter_Stuyvesant_tombstone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Peter_Stuyvesant_tombstone.jpg/240px-Peter_Stuyvesant_tombstone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Peter Stuyvesant gedenksteen op St. Mark's Church, New York</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:The_old_stuyvesant_mansion,_near_First_Avenue,--New_York.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Het huis van Stuyvesant bij &quot;First avenue&quot;"><img alt="Het huis van Stuyvesant bij &quot;First avenue&quot;" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/The_old_stuyvesant_mansion%2C_near_First_Avenue%2C--New_York.jpg/120px-The_old_stuyvesant_mansion%2C_near_First_Avenue%2C--New_York.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/The_old_stuyvesant_mansion%2C_near_First_Avenue%2C--New_York.jpg/180px-The_old_stuyvesant_mansion%2C_near_First_Avenue%2C--New_York.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/The_old_stuyvesant_mansion%2C_near_First_Avenue%2C--New_York.jpg/240px-The_old_stuyvesant_mansion%2C_near_First_Avenue%2C--New_York.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="409" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Het huis van Stuyvesant bij "First avenue"</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Bezoek_van_prinses_Juliana_aan_West-Indi%C3%AB_(februari-maart_1944)._Cura%C3%A7ao._Onthu%E2%80%A6,_Bestanddeelnr_935-1535.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Onthulling standbeeld voor het Peter Stuyvesant College in Curaçao door prinses Juliana (1944)"><img alt="Onthulling standbeeld voor het Peter Stuyvesant College in Curaçao door prinses Juliana (1944)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Bezoek_van_prinses_Juliana_aan_West-Indi%C3%AB_%28februari-maart_1944%29._Cura%C3%A7ao._Onthu%E2%80%A6%2C_Bestanddeelnr_935-1535.jpg/96px-Bezoek_van_prinses_Juliana_aan_West-Indi%C3%AB_%28februari-maart_1944%29._Cura%C3%A7ao._Onthu%E2%80%A6%2C_Bestanddeelnr_935-1535.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Bezoek_van_prinses_Juliana_aan_West-Indi%C3%AB_%28februari-maart_1944%29._Cura%C3%A7ao._Onthu%E2%80%A6%2C_Bestanddeelnr_935-1535.jpg/144px-Bezoek_van_prinses_Juliana_aan_West-Indi%C3%AB_%28februari-maart_1944%29._Cura%C3%A7ao._Onthu%E2%80%A6%2C_Bestanddeelnr_935-1535.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Bezoek_van_prinses_Juliana_aan_West-Indi%C3%AB_%28februari-maart_1944%29._Cura%C3%A7ao._Onthu%E2%80%A6%2C_Bestanddeelnr_935-1535.jpg/192px-Bezoek_van_prinses_Juliana_aan_West-Indi%C3%AB_%28februari-maart_1944%29._Cura%C3%A7ao._Onthu%E2%80%A6%2C_Bestanddeelnr_935-1535.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2225" data-file-height="2775" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Onthulling standbeeld voor het Peter Stuyvesant College in <a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a> door <a href="/wiki/Juliana_der_Nederlanden" title="Juliana der Nederlanden">prinses Juliana</a> (1944)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatuur">Literatuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Literatuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Literatuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mariska Hammerstein: <i>Een ordeloze bende, Het New York van Pieter Stuyvesant</i> (2008). <span class="&#73;SBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978_90_8560_543_0" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/978 90 8560 543 0">ISBN 978 90 8560 543 0</a></span> Ninoboeken (SWP)</li> <li>Jaap Jacobs (2005), New Netherland: A Dutch Colony in Seventeenth-Century America. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, ISBN90 04 12906 5.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fictie">Fictie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Fictie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Fictie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Danielle Hermans, <i>De Man van Manhattan. Literaire Thriller.</i> Bruna, 2010. <span class="&#73;SBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9044962655" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9044962655">ISBN 9044962655</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Stuyvesant&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080206205901/http://stuyvesant.library.uu.nl/">De wereld van Peter Stuyvesant - library.uu.nl</a> (gearchiveerd)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081011163209/http://www.friesgenootschap.nl/artikelen/stuyvesant.htm">Over de jeugd van Pieter Stuyvesant - friesgenootschap.nl</a> (gearchiveerd)</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320"><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Nederlands">(<span>nl</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4060/">Journael van Nieu Nederlandt 1647. Beschreven in de jaeren 1641. 1642. 1643. 1644. 1645. en 1646</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Jaap Verheul</span>,&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historischnieuwsblad.nl/de-troostprijs-voor-peter-stuyvesant/">De troostprijs voor Peter Stuyvesant</a>.&#32;<i>Historisch Nieuwsblad</i>. </span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peter_Stuyvesant#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Peter Stuyvesant">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peter_Stuyvesant#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Peter Stuyvesant">Peter Stuyvesant</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style><div class="navigatie mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Bibliografische informatie" data-collapsetext="Inklappen" data-expandtext="Uitklappen"><div id="Bibliografische_informatie" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bibliografische_informatie" title="Wikipedia:Bibliografische informatie">Bibliografische informatie</a></div><div class="navigatie-inhoud mw-collapsible-content plainlist ta-left"><ul style="column-width:36em"><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibsys">Bibsys</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/5010397">5010397</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">Biblioteca Nacional de España</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX1130545">XX1130545</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Biografisch_Portaal" title="Biografisch Portaal">Biografisch Portaal</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biografischportaal.nl/persoon/67246683">67246683</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118757660">118757660</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">International Standard Name Identifier</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000028257570">0000 0000 2825 7570</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">Library of Congress Control Number</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n85299512">n85299512</a></span></li><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Central_Library&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="National Central Library (de pagina bestaat niet)">National Central Library</a>:</b> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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