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id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div class="cdx-message mw-fr-message-box cdx-message--inline cdx-message--notice mw-fr-mobile-message-inline"><div class="cdx-message__content">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Rotten_Tomatoes">reviewed</a> on 28 November 2024.</div></div></div></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style>Rotten Tomatoes is an American <a href="/wiki/Review_aggregator" title="Review aggregator">review-aggregation</a> website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by three undergraduate students at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>: Senh Duong, Patrick Y. Lee, and Stephen Wang.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Although the name "Rotten Tomatoes" connects to the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes in disapproval of a poor <a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">stage performance</a>, the direct inspiration for the name from Duong, Lee, and Wang came from an equivalent scene in the 1992 Canadian film <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9olo" title="Léolo">Léolo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Rotten Tomatoes</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotten_Tomatoes_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Rotten_Tomatoes_logo.svg/220px-Rotten_Tomatoes_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Rotten_Tomatoes_logo.svg/330px-Rotten_Tomatoes_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Rotten_Tomatoes_logo.svg/440px-Rotten_Tomatoes_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="171"></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:gainsboro;text-align:center">Screenshot</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center"> <a href="/wiki/File:Rotten_Tomatoes_homepage.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/Rotten_Tomatoes_homepage.png/300px-Rotten_Tomatoes_homepage.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/Rotten_Tomatoes_homepage.png/450px-Rotten_Tomatoes_homepage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b3/Rotten_Tomatoes_homepage.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="395"></a><div class="infobox-caption">Rotten Tomatoes's homepage as of April 1, 2021</div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Film and television <a href="/wiki/Review_aggregator" title="Review aggregator">review aggregator</a> and <a href="/wiki/User_community" class="mw-redirect" title="User community">user community</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a> (25%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a> (75%)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Organizational_founder" title="Organizational founder">Founder(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Senh Duong</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key people</th><td class="infobox-data">Senh Duong Patrick Y. Lee Stephen Wang</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Holding_company" title="Holding company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fandango_Media" title="Fandango Media">Fandango Media</a><a href="#cite_note-revamp-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/">rottentomatoes.com</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">Optional</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">August 12, 1998; 26 years ago (1998-08-12)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> number</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48768329">48768329 </a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-anthonyd'alessandro-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-alexa-4">[4]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Since January 2010, Rotten Tomatoes has been owned by <a href="/wiki/Flixster" title="Flixster">Flixster</a>, which was in turn acquired by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> in 2011. In February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to <a href="/wiki/Comcast" title="Comcast">Comcast</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fandango_Media" title="Fandango Media">Fandango</a> ticketing company.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, including Fandango.<a href="#cite_note-revamp-1">[1]</a> The site is influential among moviegoers, a third of whom say they consult it before going to the cinema in the U.S.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> It has been criticized for oversimplifying reviews by flattening them into a fresh vs. rotten dichotomy.<a href="#cite_note-:1-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-ATTACK-13">[13]</a> It has also been criticized for being easy for studios to manipulate by limiting early screenings to critics inclined to be favorable, among other tactics.<a href="#cite_note-:1-12">[12]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Features">2 Features</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Critics'_aggregate_score">2.1 Critics' aggregate score</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-4"><a href="#Golden_Tomato_Awards">2.1.1 Golden Tomato Awards</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Audience_score_and_reviews">2.2 Audience score and reviews</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#%22What_to_Know%22">2.3 "What to Know"</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#%22Critics_Consensus%22_/_%22Audience_Says%22">2.3.1 "Critics Consensus" / "Audience Says"</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Localized_versions">2.4 Localized versions</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#API">2.5 API</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Influence">3 Influence</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Criticism">4 Criticism</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Oversimplification">4.1 Oversimplification</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Review_manipulation">4.2 Review manipulation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Other_criticisms">4.3 Other criticisms</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#See_also">5 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#References">6 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Further_reading">7 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#External_links">8 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg/220px-Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1383" data-file-height="1069"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 170px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg/220px-Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="170" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg/330px-Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg/440px-Foxinteractivemediaheadquarters.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Fandango headquarters in Beverly Hills (home to Rotten Tomatoes)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ignentertainmenthq.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ignentertainmenthq.jpg/220px-Ignentertainmenthq.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1999" data-file-height="1458"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 160px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ignentertainmenthq.jpg/220px-Ignentertainmenthq.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ignentertainmenthq.jpg/330px-Ignentertainmenthq.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ignentertainmenthq.jpg/440px-Ignentertainmenthq.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Former IGN headquarters in Brisbane, California (home to Rotten Tomatoes during 2004–2010 IGN ownership)</figcaption></figure> Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12, 1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> His objective in creating Rotten Tomatoes was "to create a site where people can get access to <a href="/wiki/Review" title="Review">reviews</a> from a variety of critics in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S</a>".<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> As a fan of <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan" title="Jackie Chan">Jackie Chan</a>, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chan's <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_movies" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong action movies">Hong Kong action movies</a> as they were being released in the United States. The catalyst for the creation of the website was <a href="/wiki/Rush_Hour_(1998_film)" title="Rush Hour (1998 film)">Rush Hour</a> (1998), Chan's first major <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a> crossover, which was originally planned to release in August 1998. Duong coded the website in two weeks and the site went live the same month, but the release of Rush Hour was delayed until September 1998. Besides <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan_filmography" title="Jackie Chan filmography">Jackie Chan films</a>, he began including other films on Rotten Tomatoes, extending it beyond Chan's <a href="/wiki/Fandom" title="Fandom">fandom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> The first non-Chan <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_movie" class="mw-redirect" title="Hollywood movie">Hollywood movie</a> whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was <a href="/wiki/Your_Friends_%26_Neighbors" title="Your Friends & Neighbors">Your Friends & Neighbors</a> (1998). The website was an immediate success, receiving mentions by <a href="/wiki/Netscape" title="Netscape">Netscape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a>, and <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a> within the first week of its launch; it attracted "600–1,000 daily unique visitors" as a result.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Duong teamed up with <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California</a>, Berkeley classmates Patrick Y. Lee and Stephen Wang, his former partners at the <a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley, California</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Web_design" title="Web design">web design</a> firm Design Reactor, to pursue Rotten Tomatoes on a full-time basis. They officially launched it on April 1, 2000.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> In June 2004, <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN Entertainment</a> acquired Rotten Tomatoes for an undisclosed sum.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> In September 2005, IGN was bought by <a href="/wiki/News_Corp_(2013%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="News Corp (2013–present)">News Corp</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fox_Interactive_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Interactive Media">Fox Interactive Media</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In January 2010, IGN sold the website to <a href="/wiki/Flixster" title="Flixster">Flixster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-flixster-22">[22]</a> The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In 2011, Warner Bros. acquired Rotten Tomatoes.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> In early 2009, <a href="/wiki/Current_TV" title="Current TV">Current Television</a> launched <a href="/wiki/The_Rotten_Tomatoes_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rotten Tomatoes Show">The Rotten Tomatoes Show</a>, a televised version of the web review site. It was hosted by <a href="/wiki/Brett_Erlich" title="Brett Erlich">Brett Erlich</a> and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek. The show aired Thursdays at 10:30 EST<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> until September 16, 2010. It returned as a much shorter segment of <a href="/wiki/InfoMania" title="InfoMania">InfoMania</a>, a satirical news show that ended in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create and join groups to discuss various aspects of film. One group, "The Golden Oyster Awards", accepted <a href="/wiki/Voting" title="Voting">votes</a> of members for various awards, spoofing the better-known <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a> or <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award">Golden Globes</a>. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-globalny.biz-28">[28]</a> As of February 2011, new community features have been added and others removed. For example, users can no longer sort films by Fresh Ratings from Rotten Ratings, and vice versa.<a href="#cite_note-globalny.biz-28">[28]</a> On September 17, 2013, a section devoted to scripted television series, called TV Zone, was created as a subsection of the website.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> In February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcast's Fandango Media. Warner Bros retained a minority stake in the merged entities, including Fandango.<a href="#cite_note-anthonyd'alessandro-3">[3]</a> In December 2016, Fandango and all its various websites moved to Fox Interactive Media's former headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California">Beverly Hills, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Solomon-30">[30]</a> In July 2017, the website's editor-in-chief since 2007, Matt Atchity, left to join <a href="/wiki/The_Young_Turks" title="The Young Turks">The Young Turks</a> YouTube channel.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> On November 1, 2017, the site launched a new web series on Facebook, See It/Skip It, hosted by Jacqueline Coley and Segun Oduolowu.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> In March 2018, the site announced its new design, icons and logo for the first time in 19 years at <a href="/wiki/South_by_Southwest" title="South by Southwest">South by Southwest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> On May 19, 2020, Rotten Tomatoes won the <a href="/wiki/2020_Webby_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Webby Award">2020 Webby People's Voice Award for Entertainment</a> in the Web category.<a href="#cite_note-Kastrenakes-34">[34]</a> In February 2021, the Rotten Tomatoes staff made an entry on their Product Blog, announcing several design changes to the site:<a href="#cite_note-:0-35">[35]</a> Each film's 'Score Box' at the top of the page would now also include its release year, genre, and runtimes, with an <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association" title="Motion Picture Association">MPAA</a> rating to be soon added; the number of ratings would be shown in groupings – from 50+ up to 250,000+ ratings, for easier visualization. Links to critics and viewers are included underneath the ratings.<a href="#cite_note-:0-35">[35]</a> By clicking on either the Tomatometer Score or the Audience Score, the users can access "Score Details" information, such as the number of Fresh and Rotten reviews, average rating, and Top Critics' score. The team also added a new "What to Know" section for each film entry page, which could combine the "Critics Consensus" blurb with a new "Audience Says" blurb, so users can see an at-a-glance summary of the sentiments of both certified critics and verified audience members.<a href="#cite_note-:0-35">[35]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critics'_aggregate_score">Critics' aggregate score</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Critics' aggregate score" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Rotten Tomatoes staff first collect online reviews from writers who are certified members of various writing guilds or film critic-associations. To be accepted as a critic on the website, a critic's original reviews must garner a specific number of "likes" from users. Those classified as "Top Critics" generally write for major newspapers. The critics upload their reviews to the movie page on the website, and need to mark their review "fresh" if it is generally favorable or "rotten" otherwise. It is necessary for the critic to do so as some reviews are qualitative and do not grant a numeric score, making it impossible for the system to be automatic.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The website keeps track of all the reviews counted for each film and calculates the percentage of positive reviews. If the positive reviews make up 60% or more, the film is considered "fresh". If the positive reviews are less than 60%, the film is considered "rotten". An average score on a 0 to 10 scale is also calculated. With each review, a short excerpt of the review is quoted that also serves a <a href="/wiki/Hyperlink" title="Hyperlink">hyperlink</a> to the complete review essay for anyone interested to read the critic's full thoughts on the subject. "Top Critics", such as <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Desson_Thomson" title="Desson Thomson">Desson Thomson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hunter" title="Stephen Hunter">Stephen Hunter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Owen_Gleiberman" title="Owen Gleiberman">Owen Gleiberman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Schwarzbaum" title="Lisa Schwarzbaum">Lisa Schwarzbaum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Travers" title="Peter Travers">Peter Travers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Phillips_(critic)" title="Michael Phillips (critic)">Michael Phillips</a> are identified in a sub-listing that calculates their reviews separately. Their opinions are also included in the general rating. When there are sufficient reviews, the staff creates and posts a consensus statement to express the general reasons for the collective opinion of the film. This rating is indicated by an equivalent icon at the film listing, to give the reader a one-glance look at the general critical opinion about the work. The "Certified Fresh" seal is reserved for movies that satisfy two criteria: a "Tomatometer" of 75% or better and at least 80 reviews (40 for limited release movies) from "Tomatometer" critics (including 5 Top Critics). Films earning this status will keep it unless the positive critical percentage drops below 70%.<a href="#cite_note-licensing-37">[37]</a> Films with 100% positive ratings that lack the required number of reviews may not receive the "Certified Fresh" seal. <table class="wikitable" style="width:98%"> <caption>Tomatometer scores </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Icon</th> <th>Score</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Certified_Fresh_2018.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b2/Certified_Fresh_2018.svg/30px-Certified_Fresh_2018.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="264"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 30px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b2/Certified_Fresh_2018.svg/30px-Certified_Fresh_2018.svg.png" data-width="30" data-height="30" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b2/Certified_Fresh_2018.svg/45px-Certified_Fresh_2018.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b2/Certified_Fresh_2018.svg/60px-Certified_Fresh_2018.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">100–75%</td> <td>Certified Fresh: For this distinction to be ascribed, the bare minimum requirements are: <a href="/wiki/Wide_release" title="Wide release">Wide-release</a> films with a score of 75% or higher that are reviewed by at least 80 critics, of whom 5 are "Top Critics"; films with <a href="/wiki/Limited_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Limited release">limited releases</a> require only 40 reviews (including 5 from "Top Critics"); for TV shows, only individual seasons are eligible for consideration, and each must have at least 20 critic reviews.<a href="#cite_note-certified-38">[38]</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rotten_Tomatoes.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rotten_Tomatoes.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="141"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 30px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rotten_Tomatoes.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes.svg.png" data-width="30" data-height="30" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rotten_Tomatoes.svg/45px-Rotten_Tomatoes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rotten_Tomatoes.svg/60px-Rotten_Tomatoes.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td>100–60%</td> <td>Fresh: Films or TV shows with a score of 60% or higher that do not meet the requirements for the "Certified Fresh" seal. </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="29" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="145" data-file-height="140"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 29px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg.png" data-width="30" data-height="29" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg/45px-Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg/60px-Rotten_Tomatoes_rotten.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td>59–0%</td> <td>Rotten: Films or TV shows with a score of 59% or lower receive this seal. </td></tr></tbody></table> When a film or TV show reaches the requirements for the "Certified Fresh", it is not automatically granted the seal; "the Tomatometer score must be consistent and unlikely to deviate significantly" before it is thus marked. Once certified, if a film's score drops and remains consistently below 70%, it loses its Certified Fresh designation.<a href="#cite_note-certified-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Golden_Tomato_Awards">Golden Tomato Awards</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Golden Tomato Awards" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 2000, Rotten Tomatoes announced the RT Awards honoring the best-reviewed films of the year according to the website's rating system.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> The awards were later renamed the Golden Tomato Awards.<a href="#cite_note-Golden-40">[40]</a> The nominees and winners are announced on the website, although there is no actual awards ceremony. The films are divided into wide release and limited release categories. Limited releases are defined as opening in 599 or fewer theaters at initial release. Platform releases, movies initially released under 600 theaters but later receiving wider distribution, fall under this definition. Any film opening in more than 600 theaters is considered wide release.<a href="#cite_note-Golden-40">[40]</a> There are also two categories purely for <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cinema of the United Kingdom">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Australia" title="Cinema of Australia">Australian</a> films. The "User"-category represents the highest rated film among users, and the "Mouldy"-award represents the worst-reviewed films of the year. A movie must have 40 (originally 20) or more rated reviews to be considered for domestic categories. It must have 500 or more user ratings to be considered for the "User"-category. Films are further classified based on <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">film genre</a>. Each movie is eligible in only one genre, aside from non-English-language films, which can be included in both their genre and the respective "Foreign" category. Once a film is considered eligible, its "votes" are counted. Each critic from the website's list gets one vote (as determined by their review), all weighted equally. Because reviews are continually added, manually and otherwise, a cutoff date at which new reviews are not counted toward the Golden Tomato awards is initiated each year, usually the first of the new year. Reviews without ratings are not counted toward the results of the Golden Tomato Awards.<a href="#cite_note-Golden-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Audience_score_and_reviews">Audience score and reviews</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Audience score and reviews" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Each movie features a "user average", which calculates the percentage of registered users who have rated the film positively on a 5-star scale, similar to calculation of recognized critics' reviews. On May 24, 2019, Rotten Tomatoes introduced a verified rating system that would replace the earlier system where users were merely required to register to submit a rating. So, in addition to creating an account, users will have to verify their <a href="/wiki/Ticket_(admission)" title="Ticket (admission)">ticket</a> purchase through ticketing company Fandango Media, parent company of Rotten Tomatoes. While users can still leave reviews without verifying, those reviews will not account for the average audience score displayed next to the Tomatometer.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> On August 21, 2024, Rotten Tomatoes rebranded its audience score as the Popcornmeter and introduced a new "Verified Hot" badge. The designation is only given to films which have reached an audience score of 90 percent or higher among users whom Rotten Tomatoes has verified as having purchased a ticket to the film through Fandango.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> A representative for Rotten Tomatoes stated that their goal is to include other services in the future for users who do not use Fandango.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Upon its creation, the "Verified Hot" badge was installed retroactively on over 200 films which achieved a verified audience score of 90% or higher since the launch of Rotten Tomatoes' verified audience ratings in May 2019.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:98%"> <caption>Popcornmeter scores </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Icon</th> <th>Score</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Verified_Hot_2024.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Verified_Hot_2024.svg/30px-Verified_Hot_2024.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="31" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="253" data-file-height="264"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 31px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Verified_Hot_2024.svg/30px-Verified_Hot_2024.svg.png" data-width="30" data-height="31" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Verified_Hot_2024.svg/45px-Verified_Hot_2024.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/39/Verified_Hot_2024.svg/60px-Verified_Hot_2024.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td style="white-space:nowrap;">100–90%</td> <td>Verified Hot </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="140"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg.png" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg/45px-Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg/60px-Rotten_Tomatoes_positive_audience.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td>100–60%</td> <td>Hot: Films or TV shows with a score of 60% or higher that do not meet the requirements for the "Verified Hot" seal. </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:left;"> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="23" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="109"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 23px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg/30px-Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg.png" data-width="30" data-height="23" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg/45px-Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg/60px-Rotten_Tomatoes_negative_audience.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td> <td>59–0%</td> <td>Stale: Films or TV shows with a score of 59% or lower receive this seal. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id='"What_to_Know"'>"What to Know"</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=6" title='Edit section: "What to Know"' class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotten_Tomatoes-_What_to_Know.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Rotten_Tomatoes-_What_to_Know.png/368px-Rotten_Tomatoes-_What_to_Know.png" decoding="async" width="368" height="245" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="258"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 368px;height: 245px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d1/Rotten_Tomatoes-_What_to_Know.png/368px-Rotten_Tomatoes-_What_to_Know.png" data-width="368" data-height="245" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d1/Rotten_Tomatoes-_What_to_Know.png 1.5x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Example of a "What to Know" section for a Rotten Tomatoes entry page, for the 2017 film <a href="/wiki/Jumanji:_Welcome_to_the_Jungle" title="Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle">Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle</a></figcaption></figure> In February 2021, a new "What to Know" section was created for each film entry, combining the "Critics Consensus" and a new "Audience Says" blurbs within it, to give users an at-a-glance summary of the general sentiments of a film as experienced by critics and audiences.<a href="#cite_note-:0-35">[35]</a> Prior to February 2021, only the "Critics Consensus" blurb was posted for each entry, after enough certified critics had submitted reviews.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> When the "Audience Says" blurbs were added, Rotten Tomatoes initially included them only for newer films and those with a significant audience rating, but suggested that they may later add them for older films as well.<a href="#cite_note-:0-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id='"Critics_Consensus"_/_"Audience_Says"'>"Critics Consensus" / "Audience Says"</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=7" title='Edit section: "Critics Consensus" / "Audience Says"' class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Each movie features a brief blurb summary of the critics' reviews, called the "Critical Consensus", used in that entry's Tomatometer aggregate score. These are written by Jeff Giles, a longtime author for the site.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>]<a href="#cite_note-ATTACK-13">[13]</a> In February 2021, Rotten Tomatoes added an "Audience Says" section; similar to the "Critics Consensus", it summarizes the reviews noted by registered users into a concise blurb. The Rotten Tomatoes staff noted that for any given film, if there were any external factors such as <a href="/wiki/Controversy" title="Controversy">controversies</a> or issues affecting the sentiments of a film, they may address it in the "Audience Says" section to give users the most relevant info regarding their viewing choices.<a href="#cite_note-:0-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Localized_versions">Localized versions</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Localized versions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Localized versions of the site available in the United Kingdom, India, and Australia were discontinued following the acquisition of Rotten Tomatoes by Fandango. The Mexican version of the site, <a href="/wiki/Tomatazos" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomatazos">Tomatazos</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomatazos" class="extiw" title="es:Tomatazos">es</a>], remains active. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="API">API</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: API" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The Rotten Tomatoes <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a> provides limited access to critic and audience ratings and reviews, allowing developers to incorporate Rotten Tomatoes data on other websites. The free service is intended for use in the US only; permission is required for use elsewhere.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> As of 2022, API access is restricted to approved developers that must go through an application process.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Influence">Influence</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Influence" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <a href="/wiki/Major_film_studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Major film studio">Major Hollywood studios</a> have come to see Rotten Tomatoes as a potential threat to their <a href="/wiki/Movie_marketing" class="mw-redirect" title="Movie marketing">marketing</a>. In 2017, several <a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">blockbuster films</a> like <a href="/wiki/Pirates_of_the_Caribbean:_Dead_Men_Tell_No_Tales" title="Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales">Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baywatch_(film)" title="Baywatch (film)">Baywatch</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Mummy_(2017_film)" title="The Mummy (2017 film)">The Mummy</a> were projected to open with gross receipts of $90 million, $50 million and $45 million, respectively, but ended up debuting with $62.6 million, $23.1 million and $31.6 million. Rotten Tomatoes, which scored the films at 30%, 19% and 16%, respectively, was blamed for undermining them. That same summer, films like <a href="/wiki/Wonder_Woman_(2017_film)" title="Wonder Woman (2017 film)">Wonder Woman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spider-Man:_Homecoming" title="Spider-Man: Homecoming">Spider-Man: Homecoming</a> (both 92%) received high scores and opened at or exceeded expectations with their $100+ million trackings.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-DEAD-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-THR-51">[51]</a> As a result of this concern, <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Century Fox">20th Century Fox</a> commissioned a 2015 study, titled "Rotten Tomatoes and Box Office", that stated the website combined with social media was going to be an increasingly serious complication for the film business: "The power of Rotten Tomatoes and fast-breaking word of mouth will only get stronger. Many <a href="/wiki/Millennials" title="Millennials">Millennials</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Generation_X" title="Generation X">Gen X-ers</a> now vet every purchase through the Internet, whether it's restaurants, video games, make-up, consumer electronics or movies. As they get older and comprise an even larger share of total moviegoers, this behavior is unlikely to change".<a href="#cite_note-VANITY-52">[52]</a> Other studios have commissioned a number of studies on the subject, with them finding that 7/10 people said they would be less interested in seeing a film if the Rotten Tomatoes score was below 25%, and that the site has the most influence on people 25 and younger.<a href="#cite_note-THR-51">[51]</a> The scores have reached a level of online ubiquity which film companies have found threatening. For instance, the scores are regularly posted in Google search results for films so reviewed. Furthermore, the scores are prominently featured in Fandango's popular ticket purchasing website, on its mobile app, on popular streaming services like <a href="/wiki/Peacock_(streaming_service)" title="Peacock (streaming service)">Peacock</a>, and on Flixster, which led to complaints that "rotten" scores damaged films' performances.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Others have argued that filmmakers and studios have only themselves to blame if Rotten Tomatoes produces a bad score, as this only reflects a poor reception among film critics. As one <a href="/wiki/Independent_film" title="Independent film">independent film</a> distributor marketing executive noted, "To me, it's a ridiculous argument that Rotten Tomatoes is the problem ... make a good movie!".<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/ComScore" class="mw-redirect" title="ComScore">ComScore</a>'s Paul Dergarabedian had similar comments, saying: "The best way for studios to combat the 'Rotten Tomatoes Effect' is to make better movies, plain and simple".<a href="#cite_note-THR-51">[51]</a> Some studios have suggested embargoing or cancelling early critic screenings in a response to poor reviews prior to a film's release affecting pre-sales and opening weekend numbers.<a href="#cite_note-DEAD-50">[50]</a> In July 2017, Sony embargoed critic reviews for <a href="/wiki/The_Emoji_Movie" title="The Emoji Movie">The Emoji Movie</a> until mid-day the Thursday before its release. The film ended up with a 9% rating (including 0% after the first 25 reviews), but still opened to $24 million, on par with projections. Josh Greenstein, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a> President of Worldwide Marketing and Distribution, said, "The Emoji Movie was built for people under 18 ... so we wanted to give the movie its best chance. What other wide release with a score under 8 percent has opened north of $20 million? I don't think there is one". Conversely, <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> also did not do critic pre-screenings for <a href="/wiki/The_House_(2017_film)" title="The House (2017 film)">The House</a>, which held a score of 16% until the day of its release, and opened to just $8.7 million; the lowest of star <a href="/wiki/Will_Ferrell" title="Will Ferrell">Will Ferrell</a>'s career.<a href="#cite_note-THR-51">[51]</a> That marketing tactic can backfire, and drew the vocal disgust of influential critics such as Roger Ebert, who was prone to derisively condemn such moves, with gestures such as "The Wagging Finger of Shame", on <a href="/wiki/At_the_Movies_(1986_TV_program)" title="At the Movies (1986 TV program)">At the Movies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Furthermore, the very nature of withholding reviews can draw early conclusions from the public that the film is of poor quality because of that marketing tactic.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> On February 26, 2019, in response to issues surrounding coordinated "<a href="/wiki/Review_bomb" title="Review bomb">bombing</a>" of user reviews for several films, most notably <a href="/wiki/Captain_Marvel_(film)" title="Captain Marvel (film)">Captain Marvel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars:_The_Rise_of_Skywalker" title="Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker">Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker</a>, prior to their release, the site announced that user reviews would no longer be accepted until a film is publicly released. The site also announced plans to introduce a system for "verified" reviews, and that the "Want to See" statistic would now be expressed as a number so that it would not be confused with the audience score.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Despite arguments on how Rotten Tomatoes scores impact the box office,<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> academic researchers so far have not found evidence that Rotten Tomatoes ratings affect box office performance.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Criticism" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oversimplification">Oversimplification</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Oversimplification" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In January 2010, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle" title="New York Film Critics Circle">New York Film Critics Circle</a>, its chairman <a href="/wiki/Armond_White" title="Armond White">Armond White</a> cited Rotten Tomatoes in particular and film <a href="/wiki/Review_aggregator" title="Review aggregator">review aggregators</a> in general as examples of how "the Internet takes revenge on individual expression". He said they work by "dumping reviewers onto one website and assigning spurious percentage-enthusiasm points to the discrete reviews". According to White, such websites "offer consensus as a substitute for assessment".<a href="#cite_note-critics-61">[61]</a> Landon Palmer, a film and media historian and an assistant professor in the Department of Journalism and Creative Media director in the College of Communication and Information Sciences at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alabama" title="University of Alabama">University of Alabama</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> agreed with White, stating that "[Rotten Tomatoes applies a] problematic algorithm to pretty much all avenues of modern media art and entertainment".<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Director and producer <a href="/wiki/Brett_Ratner" title="Brett Ratner">Brett Ratner</a> has criticized the website for "reducing hundreds of reviews culled from print and online sources into a popularized aggregate score", while expressing respect for traditional film critics.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Writer <a href="/wiki/Max_Landis" title="Max Landis">Max Landis</a>, following his film <a href="/wiki/Victor_Frankenstein_(film)" title="Victor Frankenstein (film)">Victor Frankenstein</a> receiving an approval rating of 24% on the site, wrote that the site "breaks down entire reviews into just the word 'yes' or 'no', making criticism binary in a destructive arbitrary way".<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Review_manipulation">Review manipulation</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Review manipulation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Vulture_(website)" title="Vulture (website)">Vulture</a> ran an article in September 2023 that raised several criticisms of Rotten Tomatoes's system, including the ease at which large companies are able to manipulate reviewer ratings. The article cited publicity company Bunker 15 as an example of how scores can be boosted by recruiting obscure, often self-published reviewers, using the example of 2018's <a href="/wiki/Ophelia_(2018_film)" title="Ophelia (2018 film)">Ophelia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-12">[12]</a> Rotten Tomatoes responded by delisting several Bunker 15 films, including Ophelia.<a href="#cite_note-:1-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> It told Vulture in a statement, "We take the integrity of our scores seriously and do not tolerate any attempts to manipulate them. We have a dedicated team who monitors our platforms regularly and thoroughly investigates and resolves any suspicious activity."<a href="#cite_note-:1-12">[12]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">WIRED</a> published an article in February 2024 written by Christopher Null, a former film critic, that argued such methods are standard activities performed by all PR agencies. In particular, Null points out that sponsoring legitimate, honest reviews has a long history in other industries and is a "common tactic employed by indie titles to get visibility."<a href="#cite_note-:2-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_criticisms">Other criticisms</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other criticisms" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> American director <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> wrote a column in <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a> criticizing both Rotten Tomatoes and <a href="/wiki/CinemaScore" title="CinemaScore">CinemaScore</a> for promoting the idea that films like <a href="/wiki/Mother!" title="Mother!">Mother!</a> had to be "instantly liked" to be successful.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Scorsese, in a dedication for the Roger Ebert Center for Film Studies at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_System" title="University of Illinois System">University of Illinois</a> later continued his criticism, voicing that Rotten Tomatoes and other review services "devalue cinema on streaming platforms to the level of content".<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In 2015, while promoting the film <a href="/wiki/Suffragette_(film)" title="Suffragette (film)">Suffragette</a> (which has a 73% approval rating)<a href="#cite_note-rotSF-70">[70]</a> actress <a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> accused Rotten Tomatoes of disproportionately representing the opinions of male film critics, resulting in a skewed ratio that adversely affected the commercial performances of female-driven films. "I submit to you that men and women are not the same, they like different things," she said. "Sometimes they like the same thing, but sometimes their tastes diverge. If the Tomatometer is slighted so completely to one set of tastes that drives box office in the United States, absolutely".<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Critics took issue with the sentiment that someone's gender or ethnic background would dictate their response to art.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Rotten Tomatoes deliberately withheld the critic score for <a href="/wiki/Justice_League_(film)" title="Justice League (film)">Justice League</a> based on early reviews until the premiere of its See It/Skip It episode on the Thursday before its release. Some critics viewed the move as a ploy to promote the web series, but some argued that the move was a deliberate <a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_interest" title="Conflict of interest">conflict of interest</a> on account of Warner Bros.' ownership of the film and Rotten Tomatoes, and the tepid critical reception of the <a href="/wiki/DC_Extended_Universe" title="DC Extended Universe">DC Extended Universe</a> films at the time.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> aggregated statistics on the critical reception of audience scores versus critic scores, and noticed in almost every genre that "The public rates a movie more positively than do the critics. The only exceptions are black comedies and documentaries. Critics systematically rate films in these genres more highly than do Rotten Tomatoes users".<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate magazine</a> collected data in a similar survey that revealed a noticeable favor for movies released before the 1990s, that "may be explained by a bias toward reviewers reviewing, or Rotten Tomatoes scoring, only the best movies from bygone eras".<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style 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title="IMDb">Internet Movie Database</a> (IMDb)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_a_0%25_rating_on_Rotten_Tomatoes" title="List of films with a 0% rating on Rotten Tomatoes">List of films with a 0% rating on Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_a_100%25_rating_on_Rotten_Tomatoes" title="List of films with a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes">List of films with a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Splatty_Tomato" title="Splatty Tomato">Splatty Tomato</a>"</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-revamp-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-revamp_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-revamp_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSpangler2019" class="citation web cs1">Spangler, Todd (May 23, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/rotten-tomatoes-audience-scores-verified-fandango-ticket-buyers-1203224424/">"Rotten Tomatoes Revamps Movie Audience Scores to Focus on Verified Ticket Buyers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210408223143/https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/rotten-tomatoes-audience-scores-verified-fandango-ticket-buyers-1203224424/">Archived</a> from the original on April 8, 2021. 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Retrieved December 14, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=20+Years+Later%2C+Rush+Hour+Is+Still+a+Buddy-Cop+Gem&rft.date=2018-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.rottentomatoes.com%2Farticle%2F20-years-later-rush-hour-is-still-a-buddy-cop-gem%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSemley2018" class="citation book cs1">Semley, John (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Y1tJDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT26">Hater: On the Virtues of Utter Disagreeability</a>. <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>. pp. 26–27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780735236172" title="Special:BookSources/9780735236172"><bdi>9780735236172</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230731042707/https://books.google.com/books?id=Y1tJDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT26">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2023. 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Retrieved May 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Next+Best+Picture&rft.atitle=Certified+Critic%3A+How+Rotten+Tomatoes+Has+Changed+the+Role+Of+The+Critic&rft.date=2021-06-22&rft.aulast=Garner&rft.aufirst=Bianca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnextbestpicture.com%2Fcertified-critic-how-rotten-tomatoes-has-changed-the-role-of-the-critic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyan" class="citation web cs1">Ryan, Tim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/news/1736415/2/an_oral_history_of_rt_part_one_the_beginning">"Rotten Tomatoes Oral History"</a>. Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140727175117/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/news/1736415/2/an_oral_history_of_rt_part_one_the_beginning">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2014. Retrieved December 4, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Rotten+Tomatoes+Oral+History&rft.aulast=Ryan&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fnews%2F1736415%2F2%2Fan_oral_history_of_rt_part_one_the_beginning&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130417150951/http://corp.ign.com/press/2004/ign-entertainment-to-acquire-rotten-tomatoes">"IGN Entertainment to Acquire Rotten Tomatoes"</a>. ign.com. IGN Entertainment. June 29, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://corp.ign.com/press/2004/ign-entertainment-to-acquire-rotten-tomatoes">the original</a> on April 17, 2013. Retrieved January 27, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ign.com&rft.atitle=IGN+Entertainment+to+Acquire+Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.date=2004-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcorp.ign.com%2Fpress%2F2004%2Fign-entertainment-to-acquire-rotten-tomatoes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2005-09-10/news-corp-dot-acquires-ign-for-650-million">"News Corp. Acquires IGN for $650 Million"</a>. 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Retrieved January 4, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Flixster+buys+Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft.aulast=Graser&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2010%2Fdigital%2Fmarkets-festivals%2Fflixster-buys-rotten-tomatoes-1118013270%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2010/01/04/rotten-tomatoes-flixster/">"News Corp. Unloads Rotten Tomatoes Onto Flixster"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TechCrunch" title="TechCrunch">TechCrunch</a> (AOL). January 4, 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160220042622/http://techcrunch.com/2010/01/04/rotten-tomatoes-flixster/">Archived</a> from the original on February 20, 2016. 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In the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Notice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-globalny.biz-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-globalny.biz_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-globalny.biz_28-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalny.biz/catalog/id/1606">"Rotten Tomatoes – Reviews, vacancies, news, personalities. Companies of New York. New York Business portal"</a>. globalny.biz. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230424191133/https://globalny.biz/catalog/id/1606">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2023. 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Retrieved December 20, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Rotten+Tomatoes+Editor-in-Chief+Matt+Atchity+Joins+The+Young+Turks+as+Head+of+Programming&rft.date=2017-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2017%2Fdigital%2Fnews%2Frotten-tomatoes-matt-atchity-young-turks-programming-1202497403%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpangler2017" class="citation news cs1">Spangler, Todd (October 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2017/digital/news/rotten-tomatoes-facebook-show-see-it-skip-it-1202599553/">"Rotten Tomatoes to Launch Weekly 'See It/Skip It' Show on Facebook"</a>. 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Retrieved November 25, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Rotten+Tomatoes+to+Launch+Weekly+%27See+It%2FSkip+It%27+Show+on+Facebook&rft.date=2017-10-26&rft.aulast=Spangler&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2017%2Fdigital%2Fnews%2Frotten-tomatoes-facebook-show-see-it-skip-it-1202599553%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards2018" class="citation news cs1">Richards, Katie (March 6, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adweek.com/brand-marketing/rotten-tomatoes-rolls-out-a-fresh-logo-and-visual-identity-after-19-years/">"Rotten Tomatoes Rolls Out a Fresh Logo and Visual Identity After 19 Years"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Adweek" title="Adweek">Adweek</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180308043529/http://www.adweek.com/brand-marketing/rotten-tomatoes-rolls-out-a-fresh-logo-and-visual-identity-after-19-years/">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2018. 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Get Used to It"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">WIRED</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240207111738/https://www.wired.com/story/paid-reviews-books-movies-gadgets/">Archived</a> from the original on February 7, 2024. Retrieved February 7, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WIRED&rft.atitle=Online+Reviews+Are+Being+Bought+and+Paid+For.+Get+Used+to+It&rft.date=2024-02-07&rft.aulast=Null&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fpaid-reviews-books-movies-gadgets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScorsese2017" class="citation web cs1">Scorsese, Martin (October 10, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/martin-scorsese-rotten-tomatoes-box-office-obsession-why-mother-was-misjudged-guest-column-1047286">"Martin Scorsese on Rotten Tomatoes, Box Office Obsession and Why 'Mother!' Was Misjudged (Guest Column)"</a>. The Hollywood Reporter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201125032820/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/martin-scorsese-rotten-tomatoes-box-office-obsession-why-mother-was-misjudged-guest-column-1047286">Archived</a> from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Martin+Scorsese+on+Rotten+Tomatoes%2C+Box+Office+Obsession+and+Why+%27Mother%21%27+Was+Misjudged+%28Guest+Column%29&rft.date=2017-10-10&rft.aulast=Scorsese&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Fmartin-scorsese-rotten-tomatoes-box-office-obsession-why-mother-was-misjudged-guest-column-1047286&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScorseseUniversity_of_Illinois_College_of_Media2022" class="citation web cs1">Scorsese, Martin; University of Illinois College of Media (October 28, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqvFUSsR8-Y">"Martin Scorsese on the Roger Ebert Center for Film Studies"</a>. YouTube. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240202135133/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqvFUSsR8-Y">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2024. Retrieved May 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Martin+Scorsese+on+the+Roger+Ebert+Center+for+Film+Studies&rft.date=2022-10-28&rft.aulast=Scorsese&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.au=University+of+Illinois+College+of+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DjqvFUSsR8-Y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rotSF-70"><a href="#cite_ref-rotSF_70-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/suffragette/">"Suffragette (2015)"</a>. Rotten Tomatoes. <a href="/wiki/Fandango_Media" title="Fandango Media">Fandango Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171130011649/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/suffragette/">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2017. Retrieved September 18, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Suffragette+%282015%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fsuffragette%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOtterson2015" class="citation web cs1">Otterson, Joe (October 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thewrap.com/meryl-streep-rips-rotten-tomatoes-for-infuriating-lack-of-female-critics/">"Meryl Streep Rips Rotten Tomatoes for 'Infuriating' Lack of Female Critics"</a>. TheWrap. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026083409/https://www.thewrap.com/meryl-streep-rips-rotten-tomatoes-for-infuriating-lack-of-female-critics/">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheWrap&rft.atitle=Meryl+Streep+Rips+Rotten+Tomatoes+for+%27Infuriating%27+Lack+of+Female+Critics&rft.date=2015-10-07&rft.aulast=Otterson&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thewrap.com%2Fmeryl-streep-rips-rotten-tomatoes-for-infuriating-lack-of-female-critics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShoard2018" class="citation news cs1">Shoard, Catherine (June 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/jun/15/oceans-8-dominance-men-film-reviews">"Ocean's 8 stars blame dominance of male critics for film's mixed reviews"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a href="/wiki/Guardian_News_and_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian News and Media">Guardian News and Media</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201124172817/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/jun/15/oceans-8-dominance-men-film-reviews">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved June 16, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ocean%27s+8+stars+blame+dominance+of+male+critics+for+film%27s+mixed+reviews&rft.date=2018-06-15&rft.aulast=Shoard&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2018%2Fjun%2F15%2Foceans-8-dominance-men-film-reviews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaftery2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Raftery, Brian (November 20, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/story/justice-league-rotten-tomatoes-fans/">"'Justice League', Rotten Tomatoes, and DC Fans' Persecution Complex"</a>. Wired. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201109023603/https://www.wired.com/story/justice-league-rotten-tomatoes-fans/">Archived</a> from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=%27Justice+League%27%2C+Rotten+Tomatoes%2C+and+DC+Fans%27+Persecution+Complex&rft.date=2017-11-20&rft.issn=1059-1028&rft.aulast=Raftery&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Fjustice-league-rotten-tomatoes-fans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRampell2013" class="citation news cs1">Rampell, Catherine (August 14, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/08/14/reviewing-the-movies-audiences-vs-critics/">"Reviewing the Movies: Audiences vs. Critics"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230526063233/https://archive.nytimes.com/economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/08/14/reviewing-the-movies-audiences-vs-critics/">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2023. Retrieved May 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Reviewing+the+Movies%3A+Audiences+vs.+Critics&rft.date=2013-08-14&rft.aulast=Rampell&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Feconomix.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F08%2F14%2Freviewing-the-movies-audiences-vs-critics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeam2011" class="citation news cs1">Beam, Christopher (June 6, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2011/06/slates_hollywood_careeromatic.html">"Slate's Hollywood Career-O-Matic"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230527233642/https://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2011/06/slates_hollywood_careeromatic.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2023. Retrieved May 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Slate%27s+Hollywood+Career-O-Matic&rft.date=2011-06-06&rft.aulast=Beam&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Farticles%2Farts%2Fculturebox%2F2011%2F06%2Fslates_hollywood_careeromatic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2018" class="citation web cs1">Wilkinson, Alissa (August 13, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vox.com/culture/2018/8/13/17657264/cinemascore-rotten-tomatoes-audience-score-metacritic-imdb">"CinemaScore, Rotten Tomatoes, and movie audience scores, explained"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vox_(website)" title="Vox (website)">Vox</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vox&rft.atitle=CinemaScore%2C+Rotten+Tomatoes%2C+and+movie+audience+scores%2C+explained&rft.date=2018-08-13&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Alissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2Fculture%2F2018%2F8%2F13%2F17657264%2Fcinemascore-rotten-tomatoes-audience-score-metacritic-imdb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreySayad2015" class="citation book cs1">Frey, Mattias; Sayad, Cecilia (2015). Film Criticism in the Digital Age. Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813570747" title="Special:BookSources/9780813570747"><bdi>9780813570747</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Film+Criticism+in+the+Digital+Age&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780813570747&rft.aulast=Frey&rft.aufirst=Mattias&rft.au=Sayad%2C+Cecilia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARotten+Tomatoes" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div></section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&oldid=1259958689">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&oldid=1259958689</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Rotten_Tomatoes&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 28 November 2024, at 01:02 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="روتن توميتوز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روتن توميتوز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8" title="রটেন টম্যাটোস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রটেন টম্যাটোস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C" title="रॉटन टोमैटोज – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रॉटन टोमैटोज" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="روتن توميتوز – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="روتن توميتوز" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B2" title="راتن تومیتوز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راتن تومیتوز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%ED%8A%BC_%ED%86%A0%EB%A7%88%ED%86%A0" title="로튼 토마토 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로튼 토마토" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC" title="रॉटेन टमेटोज़ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रॉटेन टमेटोज़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="റോട്ടൻ ടൊമാറ്റോസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോട്ടൻ ടൊമാറ്റോസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B" title="रोटेन टोमॅटो – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रोटेन टोमॅटो" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C" title="रोटन टमेटोज – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रोटन टमेटोज" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%85%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B2" title="ڕاتن تۆمەیتۆز – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕاتن تۆمەیتۆز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="அழுகிய தக்காளிகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அழுகிய தக்காளிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="รอตเทนโทเมโทส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รอตเทนโทเมโทส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%B9%D9%86_%D9%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%B9%D9%88%D8%B2" title="روٹن ٹماٹوز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روٹن ٹماٹوز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rotten Tomatoes" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%82%E7%95%AA%E8%8C%84" title="烂番茄 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="烂番茄" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%9B%E7%95%AA%E8%8C%84" title="爛番茄 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="爛番茄" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%9B%E7%95%AA%E8%8C%84" title="爛番茄 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="爛番茄" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%A3" title="ⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜⵓⵣ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵔⵓⵜⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵢⵜⵓⵣ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 November 2024, at 01:02 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About 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