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id="toc-Recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Recognition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">John Carmack</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 36 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83" title="جون كارماك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون كارماك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Karmak" title="Con Karmak – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Con Karmak" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%DA%A9" title="جان کارمک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان کارمک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A7%A5" title="존 카맥 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="존 카맥" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Ջոն Կարմակ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջոն Կարմակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A7" title="ג'ון קארמק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ון קארמק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_D._Carmack" title="John D. Carmack – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="John D. Carmack" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83" title="جون كارماك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون كارماك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_D._Carmack" title="John D. Carmack – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="John D. Carmack" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BBD%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="ジョン・D・カーマック – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジョン・D・カーマック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Кармак, Джон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кармак, Джон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_D._Carmack" title="John D. Carmack – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="John D. Carmack" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Carmack" title="John Carmack – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="John Carmack" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Джон Кармак – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Кармак" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B" title="約翰·卡馬克 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="約翰·卡馬克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q92605#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_Carmack" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:John_Carmack" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/John_Carmack"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Carmack&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American computer programmer and video game developer (born 1970)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named John Carmack, see <a href="/wiki/John_Carmack_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="John Carmack (disambiguation)">John Carmack (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John Carmack</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Carmack_2025.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/John_Carmack_2025.jpg/220px-John_Carmack_2025.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="358" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/John_Carmack_2025.jpg/330px-John_Carmack_2025.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/John_Carmack_2025.jpg/440px-John_Carmack_2025.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1876" data-file-height="3053" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1970-08-21</span>) </span>August 21, 1970<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 54)</span><sup id="cite_ref-dob_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dob-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Shawnee_Mission,_Kansas" title="Shawnee Mission, Kansas">Shawnee Mission, Kansas</a>, U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-wired.com_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Computer_programmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer programmer">Computer programmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_game_developer" title="Video game developer">video game developer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Engineer" title="Engineer">engineer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1989–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employer(s)</th><td class="infobox-data org">Keen Technologies (2023–present)<br /><a href="/wiki/Oculus_VR" class="mw-redirect" title="Oculus VR">Oculus VR</a> (2013–2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Co-founding <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen" title="Commander Keen">Commander Keen</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wolfenstein_3D" title="Wolfenstein 3D">Wolfenstein 3D</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(franchise)" title="Doom (franchise)">Doom</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Quake_(series)" title="Quake (series)">Quake</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rage_(video_game)" title="Rage (video game)">Rage</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data title">Consulting CTO, Oculus VR<sup id="cite_ref-polygon_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polygon-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-consultant_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-consultant-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Founder, <a href="/wiki/Armadillo_Aerospace" title="Armadillo Aerospace">Armadillo Aerospace</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian">Libertarian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Anna_Kang" title="Katherine Anna Kang">Katherine Anna Kang</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 2000; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 2021)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Partner</th><td class="infobox-data">Trista DeLeon (2022–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Carmack_autograph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/John_Carmack_autograph.svg/150px-John_Carmack_autograph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/John_Carmack_autograph.svg/225px-John_Carmack_autograph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/John_Carmack_autograph.svg/300px-John_Carmack_autograph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="244" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John D. Carmack II</b><sup id="cite_ref-wired.com_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (born August 21,<sup id="cite_ref-dob_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dob-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1970)<sup id="cite_ref-wired.com_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an American <a href="/wiki/Computer_programmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer programmer">computer programmer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Video_game_developer" title="Video game developer">video game developer</a>. He co-founded the video game company <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a> and was the lead programmer of its 1990s games <i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen" title="Commander Keen">Commander Keen</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wolfenstein_3D" title="Wolfenstein 3D">Wolfenstein 3D</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(1993_video_game)" title="Doom (1993 video game)">Doom</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Quake_(video_game)" title="Quake (video game)">Quake</a></i>, and their sequels. Carmack made innovations in <a href="/wiki/3D_computer_graphics" title="3D computer graphics">3D computer graphics</a>, such as his Carmack's Reverse algorithm for <a href="/wiki/Shadow_volume" title="Shadow volume">shadow volumes</a>. </p><p>In 2013, he resigned from id Software to work full-time at <a href="/wiki/Reality_Labs" title="Reality Labs">Oculus VR</a> as their <a href="/wiki/Chief_technology_officer" title="Chief technology officer">CTO</a>. In 2019, he reduced his role to Consulting CTO so he could allocate more time toward <a href="/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence" title="Artificial general intelligence">artificial general intelligence</a> (AGI).<sup id="cite_ref-consultant_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-consultant-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, he left Oculus to work on his AGI startup, Keen Technologies.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3></div> <p>Carmack was born in <a href="/wiki/Shawnee_Mission,_Kansas" title="Shawnee Mission, Kansas">Shawnee Mission, Kansas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-wired.com_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the son of local television news reporter Stan Carmack. He grew up in the <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_metropolitan_area" title="Kansas City metropolitan area">Kansas City metropolitan area</a>, where he became interested in <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computers</a> at an early age. He attended <a href="/wiki/Shawnee_Mission_East_High_School" title="Shawnee Mission East High School">Shawnee Mission East High School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Prairie_Village,_Kansas" title="Prairie Village, Kansas">Prairie Village, Kansas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raytown_South_High_School" title="Raytown South High School">Raytown South High School</a> in nearby <a href="/wiki/Raytown,_Missouri" title="Raytown, Missouri">Raytown, Missouri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner200320–22_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner200320–22-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack was introduced to video games with the 1978 <a href="/wiki/Shoot_%27em_up" title="Shoot 'em up">shoot 'em up</a> game <i><a href="/wiki/Space_Invaders" title="Space Invaders">Space Invaders</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Arcade_game" title="Arcade game">arcades</a> during a <a href="/wiki/Summer" title="Summer">summer</a> vacation as a child. The 1980 <a href="/wiki/List_of_maze_video_games#Maze_chase_games" title="List of maze video games">maze chase</a> arcade game <i><a href="/wiki/Pac-Man" title="Pac-Man">Pac-Man</a></i> also left a strong impression on him. He cited <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a> designer <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> as the game developer he most admired.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As reported in David Kushner's <i><a href="/wiki/Masters_of_Doom" title="Masters of Doom">Masters of Doom</a></i>, when Carmack was 14, he broke into a school with other children to steal <a href="/wiki/Apple_II" title="Apple II">Apple II</a> computers. To gain entry to the building, Carmack concocted a sticky substance of <a href="/wiki/Thermite" title="Thermite">thermite</a> mixed with <a href="/wiki/Vaseline" title="Vaseline">Vaseline</a> that melted through the windows. However, an overweight accomplice struggled to get through the hole and instead opened the window, setting off a silent alarm and alerting police. Carmack was arrested and sent for psychiatric evaluation. He was sentenced to a year in a juvenile home.<sup id="cite_ref-slashdot-answers_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slashdot-answers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner200321_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner200321-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Missouri%E2%80%93Kansas_City" title="University of Missouri–Kansas City">University of Missouri–Kansas City</a> for two semesters before withdrawing to work as a freelance programmer.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Career">Career</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Softdisk" title="Softdisk">Softdisk</a>, a computer company in <a href="/wiki/Shreveport,_Louisiana" title="Shreveport, Louisiana">Shreveport, Louisiana</a>, hired Carmack to work on <i><a href="/wiki/Softdisk_(disk_magazine)" title="Softdisk (disk magazine)">Softdisk G-S</a></i> (an <a href="/wiki/Apple_IIGS" title="Apple IIGS">Apple II<small>GS</small></a> publication), introducing him to <a href="/wiki/John_Romero" title="John Romero">John Romero</a> and other future key members of id Software such as <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Carmack" title="Adrian Carmack">Adrian Carmack</a> (no relation). Later, Softdisk would place this team in charge of a new, but short-lived, bi-monthly game subscription product called <i>Gamer's Edge</i> for the IBM PC (DOS) platform. In 1990, while still at Softdisk, Carmack, Romero, and others created the first of the <i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen" title="Commander Keen">Commander Keen</a></i> games, a series that was published by <a href="/wiki/Apogee_Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Apogee Software">Apogee Software</a>, under the <a href="/wiki/Shareware" title="Shareware">shareware</a> distribution model, from 1991 onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner200363–66_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner200363–66-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afterwards, Carmack left Softdisk to co-found <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner200374_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner200374-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack has pioneered or popularized the use of many techniques in computer graphics, including "<a href="/wiki/Adaptive_tile_refresh" title="Adaptive tile refresh">adaptive tile refresh</a>" for <i>Commander Keen</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner200350_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner200350-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ray_casting" title="Ray casting">ray casting</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Hovertank_3D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hovertank 3D">Hovertank 3D</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_3-D" title="Catacomb 3-D">Catacomb 3-D</a></i>, and <i>Wolfenstein 3D</i>, <a href="/wiki/Binary_space_partitioning" title="Binary space partitioning">binary space partitioning</a> which <i>Doom</i> became the first game to use,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner2003142_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner2003142-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Surface_caching" class="mw-redirect" title="Surface caching">surface caching</a> which he invented for <i>Quake</i>, <a href="/wiki/Carmack%27s_Reverse" class="mw-redirect" title="Carmack's Reverse">Carmack's Reverse</a> (formally known as z-fail stencil shadows) which he devised for <i>Doom 3</i>, and <a href="/wiki/MegaTexture" class="mw-redirect" title="MegaTexture">MegaTexture</a> technology, first used in <i><a href="/wiki/Enemy_Territory:_Quake_Wars" title="Enemy Territory: Quake Wars">Enemy Territory: Quake Wars</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Quake_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Quake 3">Quake 3</a></i> popularized the <a href="/wiki/Fast_inverse_square_root" title="Fast inverse square root">fast inverse square root</a> algorithm.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack's engines have also been licensed for use in other influential first-person shooters such as <i><a href="/wiki/Half-Life_(video_game)" title="Half-Life (video game)">Half-Life</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Call_of_Duty_(video_game)" title="Call of Duty (video game)">Call of Duty</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor:_Allied_Assault" title="Medal of Honor: Allied Assault">Medal of Honor: Allied Assault</a></i>. In 2007, when Carmack was on vacation with his wife, he ended up playing some games on his cellphone, and decided he was going to make a "good" mobile game.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Carmack_GDC_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/John_Carmack_GDC_2010.jpg/220px-John_Carmack_GDC_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/John_Carmack_GDC_2010.jpg/330px-John_Carmack_GDC_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/John_Carmack_GDC_2010.jpg/440px-John_Carmack_GDC_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1653" data-file-height="1421" /></a><figcaption>Carmack giving a speech after receiving the Lifetime Achievement Award during the 10th annual <a href="/wiki/Game_Developers_Choice_Awards" title="Game Developers Choice Awards">Game Developers Choice Awards</a> ceremony on March 11, 2010</figcaption></figure> <p>On August 7, 2013, Carmack joined <a href="/wiki/Oculus_VR" class="mw-redirect" title="Oculus VR">Oculus VR</a> as their <a href="/wiki/Chief_technology_officer" title="Chief technology officer">CTO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 22, 2013, he resigned from <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a> to work full-time at Oculus VR.<sup id="cite_ref-polygon_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polygon-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carmack's reason for leaving was that id's parent company <a href="/wiki/ZeniMax_Media" title="ZeniMax Media">ZeniMax Media</a> did not want to support Oculus Rift.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carmack's role at both companies later became central to <a href="/wiki/ZeniMax_v._Oculus" title="ZeniMax v. Oculus">a ZeniMax lawsuit</a> against Oculus' parent company, <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, claiming that Oculus stole ZeniMax's virtual reality <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">intellectual property</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The trial jury absolved Carmack of liability, though Oculus and other corporate officers were held liable for trademark, copyright, and contract violations.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Carmack_-_The_Dawn_of_Mobile_VR_-_Game_Developer_Conference_2015_-_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/John_Carmack_-_The_Dawn_of_Mobile_VR_-_Game_Developer_Conference_2015_-_cropped.jpg/170px-John_Carmack_-_The_Dawn_of_Mobile_VR_-_Game_Developer_Conference_2015_-_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/John_Carmack_-_The_Dawn_of_Mobile_VR_-_Game_Developer_Conference_2015_-_cropped.jpg/255px-John_Carmack_-_The_Dawn_of_Mobile_VR_-_Game_Developer_Conference_2015_-_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/John_Carmack_-_The_Dawn_of_Mobile_VR_-_Game_Developer_Conference_2015_-_cropped.jpg/340px-John_Carmack_-_The_Dawn_of_Mobile_VR_-_Game_Developer_Conference_2015_-_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1014" data-file-height="1283" /></a><figcaption>Carmack speaking about "The Dawn of Mobile VR" during the <a href="/wiki/Game_Developers_Conference" title="Game Developers Conference">Game Developers Conference</a> 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>In February 2017, Carmack sued ZeniMax, claiming the company had refused to pay him the remaining $22.5 million (~$27.5 million in 2023) owed to him from their purchase of id Software.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2018, Carmack stated that he and ZeniMax had reached an agreement and that "Zenimax has fully satisfied their obligations to me", ending the suit.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 13, 2019, Carmack stepped down from the Oculus CTO role to become a "Consulting CTO" in order to allocate more time to his work on <a href="/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence" title="Artificial general intelligence">artificial general intelligence</a> (AGI).<sup id="cite_ref-consultant_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-consultant-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 19, 2022, Carmack announced that he has raised $20M for Keen Technologies, his new AGI company.<sup id="cite_ref-keenagi_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-keenagi-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 16, 2022, Carmack left Oculus to focus on Keen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2023 John partnered with computer scientist <a href="/wiki/Richard_S._Sutton" title="Richard S. Sutton">Richard S Sutton</a> from the Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to help further AI research efforts.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Workstyle">Workstyle</h3></div> <p>Carmack claims to have maintained a sixty-hour work week, working a 10-hour day, six days a week, throughout his career.<sup id="cite_ref-Fridman_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fridman-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has spoken publicly about the importance of long hours of uninterrupted focus in his work. Not only does high intensity allow him to make progress more quickly, but long hours are also critical to maintaining a focused mindset over time. Despite working such a demanding schedule, he has never experienced burnout.<sup id="cite_ref-Fridman_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fridman-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack is also known for taking week-long programming retreats. These retreats involve a solitary, uninterrupted period away from his normal routine often sequestered in a random city and hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner2003252_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner2003252-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The goal of these retreats is to allow Carmack to operate at full cognitive capacity, tackling a specific, difficult problem or learning a new skill.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The solitude and physical isolation of these retreats offer the perfect environment for deep focus and reflection, making them an essential part of Carmack's creative process. </p><p>Carmack was vocal about his frustration with the bureaucratic inefficiencies he encountered during his time at Meta.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his departure memo, he stated, "We have a ridiculous amount of people and resources, but we constantly self-sabotage and squander effort," he wrote. "I have never been able to kill stupid things before they cause damage, or set a direction and have a team actually stick to it."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack subscribes to the philosophy that small, incremental steps are the fastest route to meaningful and disruptive <a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">innovation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fridman_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fridman-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He compares this approach to the "magic of <a href="/wiki/Gradient_descent" title="Gradient descent">gradient descent</a>" where small steps using local information result in the best outcomes. According to Carmack, this principle is proven by his own experience, and he has observed this in many of the smartest people in the world. He states, "Little tiny steps using local information winds up leading to all the best answers."<sup id="cite_ref-Fridman_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fridman-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Armadillo_Aerospace">Armadillo Aerospace</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Armadillo_Aerospace" title="Armadillo Aerospace">Armadillo Aerospace</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Carmack_during_the_X-Prize_Cup_2005_in_Las_Cruces_and_Alamogordo,_New_Mexico_--_October_6-9,_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/John_Carmack_during_the_X-Prize_Cup_2005_in_Las_Cruces_and_Alamogordo%2C_New_Mexico_--_October_6-9%2C_2005.jpg/170px-John_Carmack_during_the_X-Prize_Cup_2005_in_Las_Cruces_and_Alamogordo%2C_New_Mexico_--_October_6-9%2C_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/John_Carmack_during_the_X-Prize_Cup_2005_in_Las_Cruces_and_Alamogordo%2C_New_Mexico_--_October_6-9%2C_2005.jpg/255px-John_Carmack_during_the_X-Prize_Cup_2005_in_Las_Cruces_and_Alamogordo%2C_New_Mexico_--_October_6-9%2C_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/John_Carmack_during_the_X-Prize_Cup_2005_in_Las_Cruces_and_Alamogordo%2C_New_Mexico_--_October_6-9%2C_2005.jpg/340px-John_Carmack_during_the_X-Prize_Cup_2005_in_Las_Cruces_and_Alamogordo%2C_New_Mexico_--_October_6-9%2C_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="426" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Carmack during the 2005 <a href="/wiki/Ansari_X_PRIZE" class="mw-redirect" title="Ansari X PRIZE">X PRIZE</a> Cup in <a href="/wiki/Las_Cruces,_New_Mexico" title="Las Cruces, New Mexico">Las Cruces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alamogordo,_New_Mexico" title="Alamogordo, New Mexico">Alamogordo, New Mexico</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Around 2000, Carmack became interested in rocketry, a hobby of his youth. Reviewing how much money he was spending on customizing Ferraris,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> he began by giving financial support to a few local amateur engineers. Carmack funded the company, called Armadillo Aerospace, out of his own pocket, for "something north of a million dollars a year."<sup id="cite_ref-nsj20130801_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsj20130801-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company of hobbyists made steady progress toward their goals of suborbital space flight and eventual orbital vehicles. In October 2008, Armadillo Aerospace competed in a NASA contest known as the <a href="/wiki/Lunar_Lander_Challenge" title="Lunar Lander Challenge">Lunar Lander Challenge</a>, winning first place in the Level 1 competition along with $350,000 (~$486,412 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2009, they completed Level 2 and were awarded $500,000 (~$690,323 in 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-d0_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Armadillo_Aerospace_Claim_Level_2_NGLLC_Prize_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Armadillo_Aerospace_Claim_Level_2_NGLLC_Prize-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lunar_lander_qualifies_for_prize_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lunar_lander_qualifies_for_prize-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company went into "hibernation mode" in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-nsj20130801_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nsj20130801-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Carmack, the work in the aerospace industry is "simple" compared to the work he does in video games.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Open-source_software">Open-source software</h2></div> <p>Carmack is an advocate of <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source software</a>, and has repeatedly voiced his opposition to <a href="/wiki/Software_patent" title="Software patent">software patents</a>, equating them to robbery.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has also contributed to open-source projects, such as starting the initial port of the <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> to <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Server" title="Mac OS X Server">Mac OS X Server</a> and working to improve the OpenGL drivers for Linux through the <a href="/wiki/Utah_GLX" title="Utah GLX">Utah GLX</a> project.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack released the source code for <i>Wolfenstein 3D</i> in 1995 and the <i>Doom</i> source code in 1997, first under a custom license and then under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a> (GPL) in 1999. When the source code to <i>Quake</i> was leaked and circulated among the <i>Quake</i> community underground in 1997 after licensee <a href="/wiki/Crack_dot_Com" title="Crack dot Com">Crack dot Com</a> was hacked,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a programmer unaffiliated with id Software named Greg Alexander used it to <a href="/wiki/Linux_Quake_port" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux Quake port">port <i>Quake</i> to Linux</a> using <a href="/wiki/SVGALib" title="SVGALib">SVGALib</a>. As this was more feature rich than <a href="/wiki/Dave_Taylor_(game_programmer)" title="Dave Taylor (game programmer)">Dave Taylor</a>'s earlier <a href="/wiki/X11" class="mw-redirect" title="X11">X11</a> port, he sent the patches to Carmack.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead of pursuing legal action, id Software used the patches as the foundation for a company-sanctioned <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> port maintained by new hire Zoid Kirsch, who later ported <i>Quakeworld</i> and <i>Quake II</i> to Linux as well.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>id Software has since publicly released the source code to <i>Quake</i> in 1999, <i>Quake 2</i> in 2001, <i>Quake 3</i> in 2005 and lastly <i>Doom 3</i> in 2011 (and later the <i>BFG Edition</i> in 2012). The source code for <i><a href="/wiki/Hovertank_3D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hovertank 3D">Hovertank 3D</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_3D" class="mw-redirect" title="Catacomb 3D">Catacomb 3D</a></i> (as well as Carmack's earlier <i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_(video_game)" title="Catacomb (video game)">Catacomb</a></i>) was released in June 2014 by <a href="/wiki/Flat_Rock_Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat Rock Software">Flat Rock Software</a> with Carmack's blessing.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has since expressed regret on using the <a href="/wiki/Copyleft" title="Copyleft">copyleft</a> GPL over the more <a href="/wiki/Permissive_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Permissive license">permissive</a> <a href="/wiki/BSD_license" class="mw-redirect" title="BSD license">BSD license</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The release of <a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_4" title="Id Tech 4">id Tech 4</a> occurred despite patent concerns from <a href="/wiki/Creative_Labs" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative Labs">Creative Labs</a> over <a href="/wiki/Carmack%27s_reverse" class="mw-redirect" title="Carmack's reverse">Carmack's reverse</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the original <i>Doom</i> source release shipped without music due to complications with the <a href="/wiki/Cygnus_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Cygnus Studios">Cygnus Studios</a> developed DMX library (which lead to the <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Doom_ports#Linux" title="List of Doom ports">version</a> being selected for release).<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carmack has since advised developers to be careful when utilizing middleware, noting how it can limit the possibilities of later releasing source code.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Sweeney_(game_developer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tim Sweeney (game developer)">Tim Sweeney</a> has implied this issue has hindered potential releases of older <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine" title="Unreal Engine">Unreal Engine</a> source code.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the other hand, despite his technical admiration for the system,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carmack has several times over the years voiced a sceptical opinion about <a href="/wiki/Linux_as_a_gaming_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Linux as a gaming platform">Linux as a gaming platform</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, he argued for <a href="/wiki/Emulation_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Emulation (computing)">emulation</a> as the "proper technical direction for gaming on Linux",<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2014 he voiced the opinion that Linux might be the biggest problem for the success of the <a href="/wiki/Steam_Machine_(hardware_platform)" class="mw-redirect" title="Steam Machine (hardware platform)">Steam Machine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack contributes to charities and gaming communities. Some of the recipients of Carmack's <a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization" title="Charitable organization">charitable</a> contributions include his former high school, promoters of open-source software, opponents of software patents, and game enthusiasts.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <p>Carmack was so successful at id that by mid-1994 he had purchased two <a href="/wiki/Ferraris" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferraris">Ferraris</a>: a <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_328" title="Ferrari 328">Ferrari 328</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_Testarossa" title="Ferrari Testarossa">Ferrari Testarossa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-lombardi199407_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lombardi199407-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997, he gave away the Ferrari 328 as a prize to <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Fong" title="Dennis Fong">Dennis Fong</a>, the winner of the <i>Quake</i> tournament "<a href="/wiki/Red_Annihilation" title="Red Annihilation">Red Annihilation</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He met his now ex-wife <a href="/wiki/Katherine_Anna_Kang" title="Katherine Anna Kang">Katherine Anna Kang</a>, at the 1997 <a href="/wiki/QuakeCon" title="QuakeCon">QuakeCon</a> when she visited id's offices. As a bet, Kang challenged Carmack to sponsor the first all-female <i>Quake</i> tournament if she was able to produce a significant number of participants. Carmack predicted a maximum of 25 participants, but there were 1,500.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner2003281_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner2003281-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carmack and Kang married on January 1, 2000, and planned a ceremony in Hawaii. Steve Jobs requested that they would postpone the ceremony so Carmack could attend the MacWorld Expo on January 5, 2000. Carmack declined and suggested making a video instead.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carmack and Kang had a son Christopher Ryan in August 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their second son was born in November 2009. </p><p>Carmack is divorced as of 2021. On May 26, 2022, he announced his divorce and how he met his partner Trista through the VR <i><a href="/wiki/Beat_Saber" title="Beat Saber">Beat Saber</a></i> games he would host via Twitter.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a game developer, Carmack differed from many of his contemporaries by avoiding commitment to a final release date for any game he was developing. Instead, when asked for a release date on a new game, Carmack would usually reply that the game would be released "when it's done".<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Employees at <a href="/wiki/3D_Realms" title="3D Realms">Apogee</a>, in their past years the publishers of games by id Software, adopted this business practice as well.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, as a guest on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Joe_Rogan_Experience" title="The Joe Rogan Experience">The Joe Rogan Experience</a></i>, Carmack stated that his beliefs have changed over time: "I largely recant from that now." On <i><a href="/wiki/Rage_(video_game)" title="Rage (video game)">Rage</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> 6-year development time he says: "I think we should have done whatever it would have taken to ship it 2 years earlier". Carmack also reflected on the internal development of Quake in this regard and described it as "traumatic" and says id Software could have split the game into two parts and shipped it earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack has a <a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">blog</a> last updated in 2006 (previously a <a href="/wiki/Finger_protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Finger protocol">.plan</a>, which could be accessed by making a finger request for an active <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> account, and also occasionally posts comments to <i><a href="/wiki/Slashdot" title="Slashdot">Slashdot</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-slashdot-answers_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slashdot-answers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Carmack supported the <a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul_2012_presidential_campaign" title="Ron Paul 2012 presidential campaign">2012 presidential campaign</a> of <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and also persuaded the <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_Texas" title="Libertarian Party of Texas">Libertarian Party of Texas</a> to accept <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">bitcoin</a> an alternative to donations.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is an <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During a conversation with <a href="/wiki/Joe_Rogan" title="Joe Rogan">Joe Rogan</a>, Carmack revealed that he had trained in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a> for several years as a hobby.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his time at id Software, a medium pepperoni pizza would arrive for Carmack from <a href="/wiki/Domino%27s_Pizza" class="mw-redirect" title="Domino's Pizza">Domino's Pizza</a> almost every day,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> carried by the same delivery person for more than 15 years. Carmack had been such a regular customer that they continued to charge him 1995 prices.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On occasion he has commended the efforts of similarly focused programmers – first <a href="/wiki/Ken_Silverman" title="Ken Silverman">Ken Silverman</a>, who wrote the <a href="/wiki/Build_(game_engine)" title="Build (game engine)">Build engine</a> for <a href="/wiki/3D_Realms" title="3D Realms">3D Realms</a>, and later with <a href="/wiki/Tim_Sweeney_(game_developer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tim Sweeney (game developer)">Tim Sweeney</a> of <a href="/wiki/Epic_Games" title="Epic Games">Epic Games</a>, who wrote the <a href="/wiki/Unreal_Engine" title="Unreal Engine">Unreal Engine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-slashdot-answers_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slashdot-answers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition">Recognition</h2></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Accolades for John Carmack </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Date </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Award </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Description </th></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001996-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1996</span> </td> <td>Named among the most influential people in computer gaming of the year and of all time </td> <td>#1 and #2 in <a href="/wiki/GameSpot" title="GameSpot">GameSpot</a>'s lists.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001997-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1997</span> </td> <td>Named among the most influential people of all time </td> <td>#7 in <i><a href="/wiki/Computer_Gaming_World" title="Computer Gaming World">Computer Gaming World</a></i> list, for game design.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001999-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1999</span> </td> <td>Named among the 50 most influential people in technology </td> <td>#10 in <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>'</i>s list.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002001-03-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 2001</span> </td> <td>Award for community contribution for the Quake 3 engine </td> <td>Used in 12 games. Bestowed at 2001 <a href="/wiki/Game_Developer%27s_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Game Developer's Conference">Game Developer's Conference</a> Award Ceremony. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002001-03-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 22, 2001</span> </td> <td>Inducted into <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Interactive_Arts_and_Sciences%27_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences' Hall of Fame">Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences' Hall of Fame</a> </td> <td>The fourth person to be inducted, an honor bestowed upon those who have made revolutionary and innovative achievements in the video and computer game industry. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002002-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2002</span> </td> <td>Named to the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a> <a href="/wiki/Technology_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Technology Review">Technology Review</a> <a href="/wiki/TR35" class="mw-redirect" title="TR35">TR100</a> </td> <td>Included as one of the top 100 innovators in the world under the age of 35.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002003-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2003</span> </td> <td>One subject of book <i><a href="/wiki/Masters_of_Doom:_How_Two_Guys_Created_an_Empire_and_Transformed_Pop_Culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Masters of Doom: How Two Guys Created an Empire and Transformed Pop Culture">Masters of Doom</a></i> </td> <td><i>Masters of Doom</i> is a chronicle of id Software and its founders. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002005-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2005</span> </td> <td>Name in film </td> <td>The film <i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(film)" title="Doom (film)">Doom</a></i> featured a character named <i>Dr. Carmack</i>, in recognition of Carmack who co-created the original game. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002006-03-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 2006</span> </td> <td>Added to the <a href="/wiki/Walk_of_Game" title="Walk of Game">Walk of Game</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walk_of_Game" title="Walk of Game">Walk of Game</a> is an event that recognizes the developers and games with the most impact on the industry.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 2007</span> </td> <td>Awarded 2 <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Awards" title="Emmy Awards">Emmy Awards</a> </td> <td>Carmack and <a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a> were awarded with two <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Awards" title="Emmy Awards">Emmy Awards</a>. The first was Science, Engineering & Technology for Broadcast Television, which includes broadcast, cable and satellite distribution. The second was for Science, Engineering and Technology for Broadband and Personal Television, encompassing interactive television, gaming technology, and for the first time, the Internet, cell phones, private networks, and personal media players. id Software is the first independent game developer to be awarded an Emmy since the Academy began honoring technology innovation in 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-09-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 2007</span> </td> <td>Television appearance </td> <td>Appeared on <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery Channel Canada">Discovery Channel Canada</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Planet_(TV_series)" title="Daily Planet (TV series)">Daily Planet</a></i> featuring his rocket designs along with the <a href="/wiki/Armadillo_Aerospace" title="Armadillo Aerospace">Armadillo Aerospace</a> team. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2008</span> </td> <td>Honored </td> <td>Carmack was honored at the 59th Annual <a href="/wiki/Technology_%26_Engineering_Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Technology & Engineering Emmy Award">Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards</a> for <i>Quake'</i>s pioneering role of user modifiability.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is the only <a href="/wiki/Game_programmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Game programmer">game programmer</a> ever honored twice by the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Television_Arts_%26_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences">National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences</a>, having been given an Emmy Award in 2007 for his creation of the 3D technology that underlies modern <a href="/wiki/Shooter_game" title="Shooter game">shooter</a> <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with <a href="/wiki/Don_Daglow" title="Don Daglow">Don Daglow</a> of <a href="/wiki/Stormfront_Studios" title="Stormfront Studios">Stormfront Studios</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mike_Morhaime" class="mw-redirect" title="Mike Morhaime">Mike Morhaime</a> of <a href="/wiki/Blizzard_Entertainment" title="Blizzard Entertainment">Blizzard Entertainment</a>, Carmack is one of only three game developers to accept awards at both the Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards and at the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Interactive_Arts_%26_Sciences" title="Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences">Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences</a> <a href="/wiki/Interactive_Achievement_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Interactive Achievement Awards">Interactive Achievement Awards</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-10-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 2008</span> </td> <td>Won X-Prize </td> <td>Carmack's Armadillo Aerospace won the $350,000 Level One X-Prize Lunar Lander Challenge.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">2009</span> </td> <td>Named among the 100 top game creators of all time </td> <td>#10 in <i><a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>'</i>s list.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-03-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 11, 2010</span> </td> <td>Lifetime Achievement Award </td> <td>Was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Game_Developers_Conference" title="Game Developers Conference">Game Developers Conference</a> Lifetime Achievement award for his work.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002016-03-07-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 7, 2016</span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BAFTA" class="mw-redirect" title="BAFTA">BAFTA</a> Fellowship Award </td> <td>Honoured with the Academy's highest honour, the Fellowship for "work that has consistently been at the cutting edge of games and his technical expertise helping the future arrive that little bit faster".<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002017-05-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 3, 2017</span> </td> <td>Honorary Doctorate </td> <td>Received a Doctor of Engineering Honoris Causa from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Missouri,_Kansas_City" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Missouri, Kansas City">University of Missouri, Kansas City</a> for "his work in cutting edge tech & comp sci".<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Games">Games</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Carmack&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2008</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Video games worked on by John Carmack </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Release date </th> <th scope="col">Game </th> <th scope="col">Developer </th> <th scope="col">Publisher </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Credited for </th></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002012-10-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 16, 2012</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_3_BFG_Edition" class="mw-redirect" title="Doom 3 BFG Edition">Doom 3 BFG Edition</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Bethesda Softworks </td> <td>Technical director, engine programmer, developer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002011-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 4, 2011</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Rage_(video_game)" title="Rage (video game)">Rage</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Bethesda Softworks </td> <td>Technical director, engine programmer, developer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-09-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 28, 2007</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Enemy_Territory:_Quake_Wars" title="Enemy Territory: Quake Wars">Enemy Territory: Quake Wars</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Splash_Damage" title="Splash Damage">Splash Damage</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Activision" title="Activision">Activision</a> </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002006-05-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 1, 2006</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Orcs_%26_Elves" title="Orcs & Elves">Orcs & Elves</a></i> </td> <td>Fountainhead Entertainment </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Arts" title="Electronic Arts">Electronic Arts</a> </td> <td>Producer/programmer/writer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002005-10-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 18, 2005</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Quake_4" title="Quake 4">Quake 4</a></i> </td> <td>Raven Software </td> <td>Activision, Bethesda Softworks (republished 2012) </td> <td>Technical director </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002005-09-13-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 13, 2005</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_RPG" title="Doom RPG">Doom RPG</a></i> </td> <td>Fountainhead Entertainment </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Producer/programmer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002005-04-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 3, 2005</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_3:_Resurrection_of_Evil" title="Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil">Doom 3: Resurrection of Evil</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nerve_Software" title="Nerve Software">Nerve Software</a> </td> <td>Activision </td> <td>Technical director </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002004-08-03-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 3, 2004</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_3" title="Doom 3">Doom 3</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Activision </td> <td>Technical director </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002001-11-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 19, 2001</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Return_to_Castle_Wolfenstein" title="Return to Castle Wolfenstein">Return to Castle Wolfenstein</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Activision </td> <td>Technical director </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002000-12-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 18, 2000</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Quake_III:_Team_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Quake III: Team Arena">Quake III: Team Arena</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Activision </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001999-12-02-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 2, 1999</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Quake_III_Arena" title="Quake III Arena">Quake III Arena</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Activision </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001997-11-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">November 30, 1997</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Quake_II" title="Quake II">Quake II</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Activision </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001997-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 31, 1997</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_64" title="Doom 64">Doom 64</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Midway_Games" title="Midway Games">Midway Games</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Midway_Games" title="Midway Games">Midway Games</a> </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001996-06-22-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">June 22, 1996</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Quake_(video_game)" title="Quake (video game)">Quake</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>GT Interactive </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001996-05-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 31, 1996</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Final_Doom" title="Final Doom">Final Doom</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td><a href="/wiki/GT_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="GT Interactive">GT Interactive</a> </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001995-10-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 30, 1995</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hexen:_Beyond_Heretic" title="Hexen: Beyond Heretic">Hexen: Beyond Heretic</a></i> </td> <td>Raven Software </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>3D engine </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001994-12-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 23, 1994</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Heretic_(video_game)" title="Heretic (video game)">Heretic</a></i> </td> <td>Raven Software </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Engine programmer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001994-09-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 30, 1994</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_II:_Hell_on_Earth" class="mw-redirect" title="Doom II: Hell on Earth">Doom II: Hell on Earth</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>GT Interactive </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001993-12-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 10, 1993</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(1993_video_game)" title="Doom (1993 video game)">Doom</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001993-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1993</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Shadowcaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadowcaster">Shadowcaster</a></i> </td> <td>Raven Software </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Origin_Systems" title="Origin Systems">Origin Systems</a> </td> <td>3D engine </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001992-09-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 18, 1992</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Spear_of_Destiny_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spear of Destiny (video game)">Spear of Destiny</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td><a href="/wiki/FormGen" title="FormGen">FormGen</a> </td> <td>Software engineer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001992-05-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 5, 1992</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Wolfenstein_3D" title="Wolfenstein 3D">Wolfenstein 3D</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td><a href="/wiki/3D_Realms" title="3D Realms">Apogee Software</a> </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_3-D" title="Catacomb 3-D">Catacomb 3-D</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Softdisk" title="Softdisk">Softdisk</a> </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen_in_Aliens_Ate_My_Babysitter!" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander Keen in Aliens Ate My Babysitter!">Commander Keen in Aliens Ate My Babysitter!</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td><a href="/wiki/FormGen" title="FormGen">FormGen</a> </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-12-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 15, 1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen_in_Goodbye,_Galaxy!" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander Keen in Goodbye, Galaxy!">Commander Keen in Goodbye, Galaxy!</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Apogee Software </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen_in_Keen_Dreams" title="Commander Keen in Keen Dreams">Commander Keen in Keen Dreams</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Knights" title="Shadow Knights">Shadow Knights</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Design/programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Rescue_Rover_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Rescue Rover 2">Rescue Rover 2</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programmer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Rescue_Rover" title="Rescue Rover">Rescue Rover</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programmer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hovertank_3D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hovertank 3D">Hovertank 3D</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Dave_in_the_Haunted_Mansion" title="Dangerous Dave in the Haunted Mansion">Dangerous Dave in the Haunted Mansion</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001991-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1991</span> </td> <td><i>Dark Designs III: Retribution</i> </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programmer/designer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-12-14-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 14, 1990</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen_in_Invasion_of_the_Vorticons" title="Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons">Commander Keen in Invasion of the Vorticons</a></i> </td> <td>id Software </td> <td>Apogee Software </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1990</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Slordax:_The_Unknown_Enemy" title="Slordax: The Unknown Enemy">Slordax: The Unknown Enemy</a></i> </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programming </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1990</span> </td> <td><i>Catacomb II</i> </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Developer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1990</span> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_(video_game)" title="Catacomb (video game)">Catacomb</a></i> </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programmer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1990</span> </td> <td><i>Dark Designs II: Closing the Gate</i> </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Programmer/designer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1990</span> </td> <td><i>Dark Designs: Grelminar's Staff</i> </td> <td>John Carmack </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Developer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1990</span> </td> <td><i>Tennis</i> </td> <td>John Carmack </td> <td>Softdisk </td> <td>Developer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001990-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1990</span> </td> <td><i>Wraith: The Devil's Demise</i> </td> <td>John Carmack </td> <td>Nite Owl Productions </td> <td>Developer </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001989-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">1989</span> </td> <td><i>Shadowforge</i> </td> <td>John Carmack </td> <td>Nite Owl Productions </td> <td>Developer </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dob-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dob_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dob_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">August 21, according to Carmack himself,<sup id="cite_ref-twitter.com_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twitter.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but August 20 in other sources.<sup id="cite_ref-wired.com_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wired.com-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wired.com_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wired.com_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wired.com_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wired.com_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wired.com_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFOrndorff2008" class="citation magazine cs1">Orndorff, Patrick (August 20, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2008/08/happy-birthda-1-4/">"Happy Birthday John Carmack!"</a>. <i>Wired</i> – via <a href="/wiki/Wired.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired.com">wired.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=Happy+Birthday+John+Carmack%21&rft.date=2008-08-20&rft.aulast=Orndorff&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2008%2F08%2Fhappy-birthda-1-4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-polygon-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-polygon_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-polygon_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMcWhertor2013" class="citation web cs1">McWhertor, Michael (November 22, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.polygon.com/2013/11/22/5134500/id-software-founder-john-carmack-resigns">"id Software founder John Carmack resigns"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Polygon_(website)" title="Polygon (website)">Polygon</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131122210250/http://www.polygon.com/2013/11/22/5134500/id-software-founder-john-carmack-resigns">Archived</a> from the original on November 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Polygon&rft.atitle=id+Software+founder+John+Carmack+resigns&rft.date=2013-11-22&rft.aulast=McWhertor&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.polygon.com%2F2013%2F11%2F22%2F5134500%2Fid-software-founder-john-carmack-resigns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-consultant-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-consultant_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-consultant_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-consultant_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLawler2019" class="citation web cs1">Lawler, Richard (November 14, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2019/11/13/john-carmack-agi/?guccounter=1">"John Carmack takes a step back at Oculus to work on human-like AI"</a>. <i>Engadget.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget.com&rft.atitle=John+Carmack+takes+a+step+back+at+Oculus+to+work+on+human-like+AI&rft.date=2019-11-14&rft.aulast=Lawler&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2019%2F11%2F13%2Fjohn-carmack-agi%2F%3Fguccounter%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-twitter.com-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-twitter.com_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack2023" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John [@ID_AA_Carmack] (August 20, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230820194746/https://twitter.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/1693306371943329995">"Thanks for the birthday wishes, but Wikipedia has always had my birthday wrong — it is the 21st of August..."</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/1693306371943329995">the original</a> on August 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 20,</span> 2023</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thanks+for+the+birthday+wishes%2C+but+Wikipedia+has+always+had+my+birthday+wrong+%E2%80%94+it+is+the+21st+of+August...&rft.date=2023-08-20&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FID_AA_Carmack%2Fstatus%2F1693306371943329995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Kushner2004" class="citation book cs1">David Kushner (2004). "The Rocket Scientist". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230820201730/https://books.google.com/books/about/Masters_of_Doom.html?id=yyaxyKjyp2YC"><i>Masters of Doom: How Two Guys Created an Empire and Transformed Pop Culture</i></a>. Random House. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780812972153" title="Special:BookSources/9780812972153"><bdi>9780812972153</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yyaxyKjyp2YC">the original</a> on August 20, 2023 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Rocket+Scientist&rft.btitle=Masters+of+Doom%3A+How+Two+Guys+Created+an+Empire+and+Transformed+Pop+Culture&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780812972153&rft.au=David+Kushner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyyaxyKjyp2YC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHays" class="citation web cs1">Hays, Ashley Stewart, Kali. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/john-carmack-meta-consulting-cto-virtual-reality-leaving-2022-12">"John Carmack, the consulting CTO for Meta's virtual-reality efforts, is leaving. 'I wearied of the fight'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Business Insider</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 17,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=John+Carmack%2C+the+consulting+CTO+for+Meta%27s+virtual-reality+efforts%2C+is+leaving.+%27I+wearied+of+the+fight%27&rft.aulast=Hays&rft.aufirst=Ashley+Stewart%2C+Kali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fjohn-carmack-meta-consulting-cto-virtual-reality-leaving-2022-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner200320–22-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner200320–22_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKushner2003">Kushner 2003</a>, pp. 20–22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320052321/http://www.bethblog.com/2011/01/26/all-the-rage-john-carmack/">"All the RAGE: John Carmack"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bethesda_Softworks" title="Bethesda Softworks">Bethesda Softworks</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slashdot&rft.atitle=John+Carmack+Answers&rft.date=1999-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgames.slashdot.org%2Fstory%2F99%2F10%2F15%2F1012230%2Fjohn-carmack-answers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner200321-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner200321_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKushner2003">Kushner 2003</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJones2002" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Steve (December 10, 2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofne00jone"><i>Encyclopedia of New Media: An Essential Reference to Communication and Technology Encyclopedia Of New Media</i></a></span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alberta+Machine+Intelligence+Institute&rft.atitle=John+Carmack+%26+Rich+Sutton+Partner+to+Accelerate+AGI+Development+%7C+Amii&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amii.ca%2Fupdates-insights%2Fjohn-carmack-and-rich-sutton-agi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fridman-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fridman_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fridman_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fridman_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fridman_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLex_Fridman2023" class="citation podcast cs1">Lex Fridman (January 15, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lexfridman.com/john-carmack/">"#309 – John Carmack: Doom, Quake, VR, AGI, Programming, Video Games, and Rockets"</a>. <i>Lexfridman.com</i> (Podcast). Lex Fridman<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%23309+%E2%80%93+John+Carmack%3A+Doom%2C+Quake%2C+VR%2C+AGI%2C+Programming%2C+Video+Games%2C+and+Rockets&rft.pub=Lex+Fridman&rft.date=2023-01-15&rft.au=Lex+Fridman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flexfridman.com%2Fjohn-carmack%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner2003252-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner2003252_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKushner2003">Kushner 2003</a>, pp. 252.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack2020" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John [@@ID_AA_Carmack] (January 18, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/@ID_AA_Carmack/status/1218526548627804161">"I was doing a remote study/think time this week, and I tried a "no screen time day" as an experiment, restricting myself to printed books and papers. It was inconclusive. I missed finding instant answers and chasing references at least a dozen times during the day. I was ..."</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2023</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+was+doing+a+remote+study%2Fthink+time+this+week%2C+and+I+tried+a+%22no+screen+time+day%22+as+an+experiment%2C+restricting+myself+to+printed+books+and+papers.+It+was+inconclusive.+I+missed+finding+instant+answers+and+chasing+references+at+least+a+dozen+times+during+the+day.+I+was+...&rft.date=2020-01-18&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2F%40ID_AA_Carmack%2Fstatus%2F1218526548627804161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack2022" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John [@@ID_AA_Carmack] (December 16, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/@ID_AA_Carmack/status/1603931901491908610">"I have always been pretty frustrated with how things get done at FB/Meta. Everything necessary for spectacular success is right there, but it doesn't get put together effectively"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2023</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+have+always+been+pretty+frustrated+with+how+things+get+done+at+FB%2FMeta.+Everything+necessary+for+spectacular+success+is+right+there%2C+but+it+doesn%27t+get+put+together+effectively.&rft.date=2022-12-16&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2F%40ID_AA_Carmack%2Fstatus%2F1603931901491908610&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoon2022" class="citation web cs1">Moon, Mariella (December 16, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/john-carmack-leaves-meta-043202664.html">"John Carmack leaves Meta with a memo criticizing the company's efficiency"</a>. <i>Engadget</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NewSpace+Journal&rft.atitle=Carmack%3A+Armadillo+Aerospace+in+%22hibernation+mode%22&rft.date=2013-08-01&rft.aulast=Foust&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspacejournal.com%2F2013%2F08%2F01%2Fcarmack-armadillo-aerospace-in-hibernation-mode%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2008/dec/HQ_M08241_XPRIZE_Ceremony.html#.YK0HON1Oncs">"NASA To Recognize Winner of Lunar Lander Challenge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dallas+Observer&rft.atitle=Rocket+Men+From+Mesquite%27s+Armadillo+Aerospace+Are+in+Line+For+%241+Million+X+Prize&rft.date=2009-09-14&rft.aulast=Michaels&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.dallasobserver.com%2Funfairpark%2F2009%2F09%2Fa_three-minute_hover_over_cadd.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Armadillo_Aerospace_Claim_Level_2_NGLLC_Prize-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Armadillo_Aerospace_Claim_Level_2_NGLLC_Prize_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spacefellowship.com/2009/09/13/armadillo-aerospace-claim-level-2-ngllc-prize/comment-page-1/">"International Space Fellowship"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+Space+Fellowship&rft.pub=Spacefellowship.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspacefellowship.com%2F2009%2F09%2F13%2Farmadillo-aerospace-claim-level-2-ngllc-prize%2Fcomment-page-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lunar_lander_qualifies_for_prize-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lunar_lander_qualifies_for_prize_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090915173132/http://cosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2009/09/11/2064885.aspx">"Lunar lander qualifies for prize – Cosmic Log"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC">MSNBC</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lunar+lander+qualifies+for+prize+%E2%80%93+Cosmic+Log&rft.pub=MSNBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcosmiclog.msnbc.msn.com%2Farchive%2F2009%2F09%2F11%2F2064885.aspx%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFXPRIZE2008" class="citation web cs1">XPRIZE (December 5, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VcWRc1wK3gM">"John Carmack (Armadillo Aerospace) at NASA HQ"</a>. <i>YouTube</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GamingOnLinux&rft.atitle=Building+a+Retro+Linux+Gaming+Computer+%E2%80%93+Part+27%3A+Lost+Souls&rft.date=2023-02-27&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Hamish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamingonlinux.com%2F2023%2F02%2Fbuilding-a-retro-linux-gaming-computer-part-27-lost-souls%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRaghavanKatzMoffitt1999" class="citation web cs1">Raghavan, Barath; Katz, Jeremy; Moffitt, Jack (February 19, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990910231358/http://linuxpower.org/display_item.phtml?id=105">"An interview with Dave "Zoid" Kirsch of linux quake fame"</a>. <i>Linux Power</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://linuxpower.org/display_item.phtml?id=105">the original</a> on September 10, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Linux+Power&rft.atitle=An+interview+with+Dave+%22Zoid%22+Kirsch+of+linux+quake+fame&rft.date=1999-02-19&rft.aulast=Raghavan&rft.aufirst=Barath&rft.au=Katz%2C+Jeremy&rft.au=Moffitt%2C+Jack&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinuxpower.org%2Fdisplay_item.phtml%3Fid%3D105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/474615324436750336">"@ID_AA_Carmack: Thanks to Flat Rock..."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714152752/https://twitter.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/474615324436750336">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Twitter&rft.atitle=%40ID_AA_Carmack%3A+Thanks+to+Flat+Rock...&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FID_AA_Carmack%2Fstatus%2F474615324436750336&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHalfacree2014" class="citation web cs1">Halfacree, Gareth (June 9, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bit-tech.net/news/gaming/pc/early-id-engines/1/">"Early id Software game engines open-sourced"</a>. <i>bit-gamer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180106204457/https://www.bit-tech.net/news/gaming/pc/early-id-engines/1/">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bit-gamer&rft.atitle=Early+id+Software+game+engines+open-sourced&rft.date=2014-06-09&rft.aulast=Halfacree&rft.aufirst=Gareth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bit-tech.net%2Fnews%2Fgaming%2Fpc%2Fearly-id-engines%2F1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack2021" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John (July 5, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/1412271091393994754">"@ID_AA_Carmack"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 27,</span> 2023</span>. <q><i>The recent discussions around copilot are a good opportunity to say this: I wish I could have licensed the Id source code releases as BSD. The GPL virality wound up being a net negative, and more value would have come from BSD. My partners would never have gone for it, though... I touched on that recently with the comment about open source culture and game dev; the best aspects of GPL work didn't manifest, but tons of opportunities to just copy-paste-modify were lost due to license concerns. It is possible that some of the source ports wouldn't have been as open, but I'm pretty sure there would have been more total users of the code, likely making the amount shared in the open still greater. I'm still supportive of lots of GPL work, but I don't think the restrictions helped in this particular case.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Twitter&rft.atitle=%40ID_AA_Carmack&rft.date=2021-07-05&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FID_AA_Carmack%2Fstatus%2F1412271091393994754&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKepley2014" class="citation web cs1">Kepley, Travis (February 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opensource.com/life/11/11/we-almost-lost-doom-3-id-for-good">"How we almost lost Doom 3 and id for good"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Opensource.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Opensource.com">Opensource.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 30,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Opensource.com&rft.atitle=How+we+almost+lost+Doom+3+and+id+for+good&rft.date=2014-02-11&rft.aulast=Kepley&rft.aufirst=Travis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopensource.com%2Flife%2F11%2F11%2Fwe-almost-lost-doom-3-id-for-good&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilson2022" class="citation web cs1">Wilson, Hamish (March 14, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2022/03/building-a-retro-linux-gaming-computer-part-16-we-are-all-doomed/">"Building a Retro Linux Gaming Computer – Part 16: We Are All Doomed"</a>. <i>GamingOnLinux</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GamingOnLinux&rft.atitle=Building+a+Retro+Linux+Gaming+Computer+%E2%80%93+Part+16%3A+We+Are+All+Doomed&rft.date=2022-03-14&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Hamish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamingonlinux.com%2F2022%2F03%2Fbuilding-a-retro-linux-gaming-computer-part-16-we-are-all-doomed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPlunkett2023" class="citation web cs1">Plunkett, Luke (February 12, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kotaku.com/vr-meta-facebook-carmack-shutdown-failure-close-echo-1850076140">"As More Games Disappear Forever, John Carmack Has Some Great Advice About Preservation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kotaku" title="Kotaku">Kotaku</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kotaku&rft.atitle=As+More+Games+Disappear+Forever%2C+John+Carmack+Has+Some+Great+Advice+About+Preservation&rft.date=2023-02-12&rft.aulast=Plunkett&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkotaku.com%2Fvr-meta-facebook-carmack-shutdown-failure-close-echo-1850076140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPapadopoulos2015" class="citation web cs1">Papadopoulos, John (January 19, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsogaming.com/news/epics-tim-sweeney-says-that-unreal-engine-1-may-one-day-go-open-source/">"Epic's Tim Sweeney Says That Unreal Engine 1 May One Day Go Open Source"</a>. <i>DSOGaming</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DSOGaming&rft.atitle=Epic%27s+Tim+Sweeney+Says+That+Unreal+Engine+1+May+One+Day+Go+Open+Source&rft.date=2015-01-19&rft.aulast=Papadopoulos&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsogaming.com%2Fnews%2Fepics-tim-sweeney-says-that-unreal-engine-1-may-one-day-go-open-source%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack1997" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John (March 18, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rmitz.org/carmack.on.operating.systems.html">"Operating systems"</a>. <i>John Carmack's .plan</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2023</span>. <q><i>I consider linux the second most important platform after win32 for id. From a biz standpoint it would be ludicrous to place it even on par with mac or os/2, but for our types of games that are designed to be hacked, linux has a big plus: the highest hacker to user ratio of any os. I don't personally develop on linux, because I do my unixy things with NEXTSTEP, but I have a lot of technical respect for it.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=John+Carmack%27s+.plan&rft.atitle=Operating+systems&rft.date=1997-03-18&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frmitz.org%2Fcarmack.on.operating.systems.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://games.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9265&cid=573583">"id on Linux: "disappointing" and "support nightmare"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150428203133/http://games.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=9265&cid=573583">Archived</a> April 28, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from <i><a href="/wiki/Slashdot" title="Slashdot">Slashdot</a></i> (John Carmack, December 8, 2000)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLarabel2012" class="citation web cs1">Larabel, Michael (August 4, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.phoronix.com/news/MTE1NDA">"id Software: Linux Hasn't Produced Positive Results"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Phoronix" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoronix">Phoronix</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Phoronix&rft.atitle=id+Software%3A+Linux+Hasn%27t+Produced+Positive+Results&rft.date=2012-08-04&rft.aulast=Larabel&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.phoronix.com%2Fnews%2FMTE1NDA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChalk2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Chalk, Andy (February 6, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/121945-John-Carmack-Argues-Against-Native-Linux-Games">"John Carmack Argues Against Native Linux Games"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Escapist_(magazine)" title="The Escapist (magazine)">The Escapist</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140113172607/http://www.escapistmagazine.com/news/view/121945-John-Carmack-Argues-Against-Native-Linux-Games">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2013</span>. <q><i>He reiterated his support for improving emulation as the "proper technical direction for gaming on Linux," noting that native ports don't do much that a good emulator wouldn't be able to handle.</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Escapist&rft.atitle=John+Carmack+Argues+Against+Native+Linux+Games&rft.date=2013-02-06&rft.aulast=Chalk&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.escapistmagazine.com%2Fnews%2Fview%2F121945-John-Carmack-Argues-Against-Native-Linux-Games&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPlafke2013" class="citation web cs1">Plafke, James (October 21, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.extremetech.com/gaming/169021-john-carmack-thinks-the-steam-machines-biggest-problem-is-linux">"John Carmack thinks the Steam Machine's biggest problem is Linux"</a>. extremetech.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115534/http://www.extremetech.com/gaming/169021-john-carmack-thinks-the-steam-machines-biggest-problem-is-linux">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 22,</span> 2014</span>. <q><i>Carmack specifically noted, Linux might be the Steam Machine's downfall</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Carmack+thinks+the+Steam+Machine%27s+biggest+problem+is+Linux&rft.pub=extremetech.com&rft.date=2013-10-21&rft.aulast=Plafke&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.extremetech.com%2Fgaming%2F169021-john-carmack-thinks-the-steam-machines-biggest-problem-is-linux&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKerr2016" class="citation web cs1">Kerr, Chris (March 24, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/268878/id_Software_cofounder_John_Carmack_to_receive_BAFTA_Fellowship.php">"id Software co-founder John Carmack to receive BAFTA Fellowship"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gamasutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamasutra">Gamasutra</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160328200650/https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/268878/id_Software_cofounder_John_Carmack_to_receive_BAFTA_Fellowship.php">Archived</a> from the original on March 28, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gamasutra&rft.atitle=id+Software+co-founder+John+Carmack+to+receive+BAFTA+Fellowship&rft.date=2016-03-24&rft.aulast=Kerr&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamasutra.com%2Fview%2Fnews%2F268878%2Fid_Software_cofounder_John_Carmack_to_receive_BAFTA_Fellowship.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lombardi199407-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lombardi199407_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLombardi1994" class="citation magazine cs1">Lombardi, Chris (July 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1994&pub=2&id=120">"To Hell and Back Again"</a>. <i>Computer Gaming World</i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">20–</span>24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computer+Gaming+World&rft.atitle=To+Hell+and+Back+Again&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E20-%3C%2Fspan%3E24&rft.date=1994-07&rft.aulast=Lombardi&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cgwmuseum.org%2Fgalleries%2Findex.php%3Fyear%3D1994%26pub%3D2%26id%3D120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavison2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Davison, John (June 22, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/how-quake-changed-video-games-forever-187984/">"How 'Quake' Changed Video Games Forever"</a>. <i>Rolling Stone</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=How+%27Quake%27+Changed+Video+Games+Forever&rft.date=2016-06-22&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fculture%2Fculture-news%2Fhow-quake-changed-video-games-forever-187984%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKushner2003281-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKushner2003281_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKushner2003">Kushner 2003</a>, p. 281.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=2146412825593223&id=100006735798590">"Facebook"</a>. <i>Facebook</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Facebook&rft.atitle=Facebook&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fpermalink.php%3Fstory_fbid%3D2146412825593223%26id%3D100006735798590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCarmack2004" class="citation web cs1">Carmack, John (August 16, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040817044247/http://armadilloaerospace.com/n.x/Armadillo/Home/News?news_id=273">"Rebuilding, New team member"</a>. Armadillo Aerospace News Archive. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://armadilloaerospace.com/n.x/Armadillo/Home/News?news_id=273">the original</a> on August 17, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 30,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rebuilding%2C+New+team+member&rft.pub=Armadillo+Aerospace+News+Archive&rft.date=2004-08-16&rft.aulast=Carmack&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farmadilloaerospace.com%2Fn.x%2FArmadillo%2FHome%2FNews%3Fnews_id%3D273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/1530022920130543630">"Relationship related post"</a>. Twitter. May 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Relationship+related+post&rft.pub=Twitter&rft.date=2022-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FID_AA_Carmack%2Fstatus%2F1530022920130543630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pc.gamespy.com/articles/896/896763p6.html">"GameSpy: John Carmack: QuakeCon 2008 Keynote Highlights – Page 6"</a>. Pc.gamespy.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120210193443/http://pc.gamespy.com/articles/896/896763p6.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 10, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GameSpy%3A+John+Carmack%3A+QuakeCon+2008+Keynote+Highlights+%E2%80%93+Page+6&rft.pub=Pc.gamespy.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpc.gamespy.com%2Farticles%2F896%2F896763p6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.3drealms.com/vb/showthread.php?p=654680#post654680">"DNF Dallas Business Journal Article, 2008, and stuff – Page 4 – 3D Realms Forums"</a>. Forums.3drealms.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121018112949/http://forums.3drealms.com/vb/showthread.php?p=654680">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DNF+Dallas+Business+Journal+Article%2C+2008%2C+and+stuff+%E2%80%93+Page+4+%E2%80%93+3D+Realms+Forums&rft.pub=Forums.3drealms.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforums.3drealms.com%2Fvb%2Fshowthread.php%3Fp%3D654680%23post654680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRogan,_Joe2019" class="citation podcast cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Rogan" title="Joe Rogan">Rogan, Joe</a> (August 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210902180419/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znJPn3FSFmM">"John Carmack: What Went Wrong With "Rage"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Joe_Rogan_Experience" title="The Joe Rogan Experience">The Joe Rogan Experience</a></i> (Podcast). <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. Event occurs at 0:43. Archived from the original on September 2, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 2,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Carmack%3A+What+Went+Wrong+With+%22Rage%22&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2019-08-28&rft.au=Rogan%2C+Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DznJPn3FSFmM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_podcast" title="Template:Cite podcast">cite podcast</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150428203357/http://images.nictusa.com/cgi-bin/fecimg/?12951516414">"Page by Page Report Display (Page 5052 of 7433)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.nictusa.com/cgi-bin/fecimg/?12951516414">the original</a> on April 28, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Page+by+Page+Report+Display+%28Page+5052+of+7433%29&rft.pub=Federal+Election+Commission&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.nictusa.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Ffecimg%2F%3F12951516414&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrisco2021" class="citation news cs1">Prisco, Giulio (March 4, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ccn.com/vr-legend-john-carmack-persuaded-libertarian-party-texas-accept-bitcoin-donations/">"VR Legend John Carmack Persuaded the Libertarian Party of Texas to Accept Bitcoin Donations"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=CCN.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CCN.com (page does not exist)">CCN.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 5,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CCN.com&rft.atitle=VR+Legend+John+Carmack+Persuaded+the+Libertarian+Party+of+Texas+to+Accept+Bitcoin+Donations&rft.date=2021-03-04&rft.aulast=Prisco&rft.aufirst=Giulio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccn.com%2Fvr-legend-john-carmack-persuaded-libertarian-party-texas-accept-bitcoin-donations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFID_AA_Carmack2010" class="citation web cs1">@ID_AA_Carmack (December 23, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/ID_AA_Carmack/status/18382634732224512">"@eastwood333 I don't believe in god, but I don't see any correlation between religiosity and human virtues. Merry Xmas everyone!"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%40eastwood333+I+don%27t+believe+in+god%2C+but+I+don%27t+see+any+correlation+between+religiosity+and+human+virtues.+Merry+Xmas+everyone%21&rft.date=2010-12-23&rft.au=ID_AA_Carmack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FID_AA_Carmack%2Fstatus%2F18382634732224512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Having a reasonable grounding in statistics and probability and no belief in luck, fate, karma, or god(s), the only casino game that interests me is blackjack," he wrote in a .plan file." — John Carmack, David Kushner, as quoted in <i>Masters of Doom: How two guys created an Empire and transformed pop culture</i> (2003).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBjjTribes2021" class="citation web cs1">BjjTribes (August 1, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bjjtribes.com/john-carmack-details-his-bjj-and-judo-experience/">"John Carmack details his BJJ and Judo experience"</a>. <i>BjjTribes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BjjTribes&rft.atitle=John+Carmack+details+his+BJJ+and+Judo+experience&rft.date=2021-08-01&rft.au=BjjTribes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbjjtribes.com%2Fjohn-carmack-details-his-bjj-and-judo-experience%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The pizza, it's one of those things that's actually true. For a long time that I did software, I had a pizza delivered every single day. You know, the delivery guy, he knew me by name and I didn't find out until years later that apparently I was such a good customer that they just never raised the price on me and I was using this 6-year-old price for the pizza that they were still kind of sending my way every day." "So you were eating once a day or were you—" "It would be spread out. You know, you have a few pieces of pizza, you have some more later on and I maybe have some at home." —John Carmack, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I845O57ZSy4&t=3300s">2022-08-04 Lex Fridman interview</a> (starting 54m)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomsen2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Thomsen, Michael (June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/electronic-gaming-monthly-issue-248-june-2011">"The Deathmatch Daydreams of Tim Willits"</a>. <i>Electronic Gaming Monthly</i>. No. 248. pp. <span class="nowrap">23–</span>24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Gaming+Monthly&rft.atitle=The+Deathmatch+Daydreams+of+Tim+Willits&rft.issue=248&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E23-%3C%2Fspan%3E24&rft.date=2011-06&rft.aulast=Thomsen&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Felectronic-gaming-monthly-issue-248-june-2011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100514035153/http://www.gamespot.com/features/15most/html/mi96_01.html?tag=stitialclk">"GameSpot - /features/15most/html/mi96_01.html"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/features/15most/html/mi96_01.html?tag=stitialclk">the original</a> on May 14, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GameSpot+-+%2Ffeatures%2F15most%2Fhtml%2Fmi96_01.html&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Ffeatures%2F15most%2Fhtml%2Fmi96_01.html%3Ftag%3Dstitialclk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050206125123/http://www.gamespot.com/features/15most/html/mi_02.html">"John Carmack"</a>. <i>GameSpot</i>. February 6, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gamespot.com/features/15most/html/mi_02.html">the original</a> on February 6, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GameSpot&rft.atitle=John+Carmack&rft.date=2005-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamespot.com%2Ffeatures%2F15most%2Fhtml%2Fmi_02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>CGW</i> 159: The Most Influential People of All Time</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000510222914/http://www.time.com/time/digital/digital50/10.html"><i>Time</i> Digital 50</a> from <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.technologyreview.com/tr35/?year=2002">"2002 Young Innovators Under 35"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Technology_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Technology Review">Technology Review</a></i>. 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.walkofgame.com/index.html">the original</a> on February 26, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Walk+Of+Game&rft.atitle=Walk+Of+Game&rft.date=2009-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.walkofgame.com%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120306060959/http://www.emmyonline.org/releases/pdf/58th_Tech_Eng_winners.pdf">"National Television Academy Announces Emmy Winning Achievements: Honors Bestowed at 58th Annual Technology & Engineering Emmy Awards"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Emmyonline.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emmyonline.org/releases/pdf/58th_Tech_Eng_winners.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 6, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 26,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Television+Academy+Announces+Emmy+Winning+Achievements%3A+Honors+Bestowed+at+58th+Annual+Technology+%26+Engineering+Emmy+Awards&rft.pub=Emmyonline.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emmyonline.org%2Freleases%2Fpdf%2F58th_Tech_Eng_winners.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFContact_Brian_Ashcraft:_Comment2008" class="citation web cs1">Contact Brian Ashcraft: Comment (January 8, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120525131929/http://kotaku.com/342028/2008-tech-emmy-winners">"2008 Tech Emmy Winners"</a>. Kotaku.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kotaku.com/342028/2008-tech-emmy-winners">the original</a> on May 25, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2008+Tech+Emmy+Winners&rft.pub=Kotaku.com&rft.date=2008-01-08&rft.au=Contact+Brian+Ashcraft%3A+Comment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkotaku.com%2F342028%2F2008-tech-emmy-winners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtualchaos.co.uk/blog/2007/01/10/john-carmack-id-software-take-two-emmy-awards/">"John Carmack & id Software take Two Emmy Awards! – VirtualChaos – Nadeem's blog"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304040600/http://www.virtualchaos.co.uk/blog/2007/01/10/john-carmack-id-software-take-two-emmy-awards/">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+Carmack+%26+id+Software+take+Two+Emmy+Awards%21+%E2%80%93+VirtualChaos+%E2%80%93+Nadeem%27s+blog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualchaos.co.uk%2Fblog%2F2007%2F01%2F10%2Fjohn-carmack-id-software-take-two-emmy-awards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gizmodo.com/5069551/armadillo-wins-lunar-lander-challenge-level-1-crashes-on-2">"Armadillo Wins Lunar Lander Challenge Level 1, Crashes On 2"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/top/game-creators/10.html">the original</a> on April 20, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=IGN+-+10.+John+Carmack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Ftop%2Fgame-creators%2F10.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/2010-game-developers-choice-awards-to-honor-john-carmack-of-id-software-with-lifetime-achievement-award-event-to-be-hosted-by-seminal-game-designer-warren-spector-84945937.html">"2010 Game Developers Choice Awards to Honor John Carmack of id Software With... – SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 22 /PRNewswire/"</a> (Press release). Prnewswire.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121009061227/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/2010-game-developers-choice-awards-to-honor-john-carmack-of-id-software-with-lifetime-achievement-award-event-to-be-hosted-by-seminal-game-designer-warren-spector-84945937.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2010+Game+Developers+Choice+Awards+to+Honor+John+Carmack+of+id+Software+With...+%E2%80%93+SAN+FRANCISCO%2C+Feb.+22+%2FPRNewswire%2F&rft.pub=Prnewswire.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2F2010-game-developers-choice-awards-to-honor-john-carmack-of-id-software-with-lifetime-achievement-award-event-to-be-hosted-by-seminal-game-designer-warren-spector-84945937.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bafta.org/games/awards/john-carmack-bafta-fellowship-in-2016">"John Carmack | BAFTA Fellowship in 2016"</a>. <i>www.bafta.org</i>. March 24, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410154514/http://www.bafta.org/games/awards/john-carmack-bafta-fellowship-in-2016">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bafta.org&rft.atitle=John+Carmack+%7C+BAFTA+Fellowship+in+2016&rft.date=2016-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bafta.org%2Fgames%2Fawards%2Fjohn-carmack-bafta-fellowship-in-2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://info.umkc.edu/news/they-have-touched-our-lives">"They Have Touched Our Lives | UMKC Today"</a>. <i>info.umkc.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180105204939/https://info.umkc.edu/news/they-have-touched-our-lives">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=info.umkc.edu&rft.atitle=They+Have+Touched+Our+Lives+%7C+UMKC+Today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfo.umkc.edu%2Fnews%2Fthey-have-touched-our-lives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKushner2003" class="citation book cs1">Kushner, David (2003). <i><a href="/wiki/Masters_of_Doom" title="Masters of Doom">Masters of Doom: How Two Guys Created an Empire and Transformed Pop Culture</a></i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-375-50524-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-375-50524-5"><bdi>0-375-50524-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Masters+of+Doom%3A+How+Two+Guys+Created+an+Empire+and+Transformed+Pop+Culture&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-375-50524-5&rft.aulast=Kushner&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Carmack" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/John_D._Carmack" class="extiw" title="q:John D. 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Carmack">John D. Carmack</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/ID_AA_Carmack">John Carmack</a> on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92605#P2002" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Softdisk55" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Softdisk" title="Template:Softdisk"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Softdisk" title="Template talk:Softdisk"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Softdisk" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Softdisk"><abbr title="Edit this 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Catacomb</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_(video_game)" title="Catacomb (video game)">Catacomb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_3-D" title="Catacomb 3-D">Catacomb 3-D</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_Abyss" title="Catacomb Abyss">Catacomb Abyss</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Dangerous Dave</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Dave" title="Dangerous Dave">Dangerous Dave</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Dave_in_the_Haunted_Mansion" title="Dangerous Dave in the Haunted Mansion">Dangerous Dave in the Haunted Mansion</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Knights" title="Shadow Knights">Shadow Knights</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hovertank_One" title="Hovertank One">Hovertank One</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiles_of_the_Dragon" title="Tiles of the Dragon">Tiles of the Dragon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rescue_Rover" title="Rescue Rover">Rescue Rover</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen_in_Keen_Dreams" title="Commander Keen in Keen Dreams">Commander Keen in Keen Dreams</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Slordax:_The_Unknown_Enemy" title="Slordax: The Unknown Enemy">Slordax: The Unknown Enemy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ScubaVenture:_The_Search_for_Pirate%27s_Treasure" title="ScubaVenture: The Search for Pirate's Treasure">ScubaVenture: The Search for Pirate's Treasure</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apogee_Software" class="mw-redirect" title="Apogee Software">Apogee Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JAM_Productions_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="JAM Productions (company)">JAM Productions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Romero" title="John Romero">John Romero</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Carmack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Carmack" title="Adrian Carmack">Adrian Carmack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hall" title="Tom Hall">Tom Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="id_Software_(games)127" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Id_Software" title="Template:Id Software"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Id_Software" title="Template talk:Id Software"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Id_Software" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Id Software"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="id_Software_(games)127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Id_Software" title="Id Software">id Software</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_id_Software_games" title="List of id Software games">games</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main franchises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Commander_Keen" title="Commander Keen">Commander Keen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doom_(franchise)" title="Doom (franchise)">Doom</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quake_(series)" title="Quake (series)">Quake</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wolfenstein" title="Wolfenstein">Wolfenstein</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Knights" title="Shadow Knights">Shadow Knights</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hovertank_One" title="Hovertank One">Hovertank One</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dangerous_Dave" title="Dangerous Dave">Dangerous Dave</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rescue_Rover" title="Rescue Rover">Rescue Rover</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiles_of_the_Dragon" title="Tiles of the Dragon">Tiles of the Dragon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catacomb_3-D" title="Catacomb 3-D">Catacomb 3-D</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orcs_%26_Elves" title="Orcs & Elves">Orcs & Elves</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rage_(video_game)" title="Rage (video game)">Rage</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rage:_Mutant_Bash_TV" title="Rage: Mutant Bash TV">Mutant Bash TV</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rage_2" title="Rage 2">Rage 2</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Games published</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Heretic_(video_game)" title="Heretic (video game)">Heretic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hexen:_Beyond_Heretic" title="Hexen: Beyond Heretic">Hexen: Beyond Heretic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hexen_II" title="Hexen II">Hexen II</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cloud" title="Kevin Cloud">Kevin Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Duffy_(programmer)" title="Robert Duffy (programmer)">Robert Duffy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Carmack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Romero" title="John Romero">John Romero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Carmack" title="Adrian Carmack">Adrian Carmack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hall" title="Tom Hall">Tom Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Rein_(software_executive)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Rein (software executive)">Mark Rein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Petersen" title="Sandy Petersen">Sandy Petersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Taylor_(game_programmer)" title="Dave Taylor (game programmer)">Dave Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_McGee" title="American McGee">American McGee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Willits" title="Tim Willits">Tim Willits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Wilson_(executive)" title="Mike Wilson (executive)">Mike Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Abrash" title="Michael Abrash">Michael Abrash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennell_Jaquays" title="Jennell Jaquays">Jennell Jaquays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graeme_Devine" title="Graeme Devine">Graeme Devine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Hollenshead" title="Todd Hollenshead">Todd Hollenshead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothee_Besset" title="Timothee Besset">Timothee Besset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Anna_Kang" title="Katherine Anna Kang">Katherine Anna Kang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Costello" title="Matthew Costello">Matthew Costello</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publishers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Softdisk" title="Softdisk">Softdisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3D_Realms" title="3D Realms">Apogee Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FormGen" title="FormGen">FormGen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GT_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="GT Interactive">GT Interactive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Activision" title="Activision">Activision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZeniMax_Media" title="ZeniMax Media">ZeniMax Media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_tile_refresh" title="Adaptive tile refresh">Adaptive tile refresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech" title="Id Tech">id Tech</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doom_engine" title="Doom engine"><i>Doom</i> engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quake_engine" title="Quake engine"><i>Quake</i> engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quake_II_engine" title="Quake II engine"><i>Quake II</i> engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_3" title="Id Tech 3">id Tech 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_4" title="Id Tech 4">id Tech 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_5" title="Id Tech 5">id Tech 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_6" title="Id Tech 6">id Tech 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Id_Tech_7" title="Id Tech 7">id Tech 7</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QuakeCon" title="QuakeCon">QuakeCon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masters_of_Doom" title="Masters of Doom">Masters of Doom</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="BAFTA_Fellowship_Award68" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BDB76B"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:BAFTA_Academy_Fellowship_Award" title="Template:BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:BAFTA_Academy_Fellowship_Award" title="Template talk:BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA_Academy_Fellowship_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="BAFTA_Fellowship_Award68" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Fellowship" title="BAFTA Fellowship">BAFTA Fellowship Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">1971–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Young" title="Freddie Young">Freddie Young</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grace_Wyndham_Goldie" title="Grace Wyndham Goldie">Grace Wyndham Goldie</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lean" title="David Lean">David Lean</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Cousteau" title="Jacques Cousteau">Jacques Cousteau</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier" title="Laurence Olivier">Laurence Olivier</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denis_Forman" title="Denis Forman">Denis Forman</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Zinnemann" title="Fred Zinnemann">Fred Zinnemann</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lew_Grade" title="Lew Grade">Lew Grade</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Huw_Wheldon" title="Huw Wheldon">Huw Wheldon</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Attenborough" title="David Attenborough">David Attenborough</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abel_Gance" title="Abel Gance">Abel Gance</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> & <a href="/wiki/Emeric_Pressburger" title="Emeric Pressburger">Emeric Pressburger</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Attenborough" title="Richard Attenborough">Richard Attenborough</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Greene" title="Hugh Greene">Hugh Greene</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Spiegel" title="Sam Spiegel">Sam Spiegel</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Isaacs" title="Jeremy Isaacs">Jeremy Isaacs</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alec_Guinness" title="Alec Guinness">Alec Guinness</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Fox_(television_executive)" title="Paul Fox (television executive)">Paul Fox</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Gielgud" title="John Gielgud">John Gielgud</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Plowright" title="David Plowright">David Plowright</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Samuelson" title="Sydney Samuelson">Sydney Samuelson</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Young_(film_educator)" title="Colin Young (film educator)">Colin Young</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Grade" title="Michael Grade">Michael Grade</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Neame" title="Ronald Neame">Ronald Neame</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Schlesinger" title="John Schlesinger">John Schlesinger</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Smith" title="Maggie Smith">Maggie Smith</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Bochco" title="Steven Bochco">Steven Bochco</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Christie" title="Julie Christie">Julie Christie</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Morris" title="Oswald Morris">Oswald Morris</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Rose_(songwriter)" title="David Rose (songwriter)">David Rose</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sean_Connery" title="Sean Connery">Sean Connery</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cotton" title="Bill Cotton">Bill Cotton</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Morecambe" title="Eric Morecambe">Eric Morecambe</a> & <a href="/wiki/Ernie_Wise" title="Ernie Wise">Ernie Wise</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor" title="Elizabeth Taylor">Elizabeth Taylor</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bazalgette" title="Peter Bazalgette">Peter Bazalgette</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BDB76B;width:1%;background: #C5B358">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Finney" title="Albert Finney">Albert Finney</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Thaw" title="John Thaw">John Thaw</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Merchant_Ivory_Productions" title="Merchant Ivory Productions">Merchant Ivory Productions</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Davies_(writer)" title="Andrew Davies (writer)">Andrew Davies</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Mills" title="John Mills">John Mills</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Saul_Zaentz" title="Saul Zaentz">Saul Zaentz</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Jason" title="David Jason">David Jason</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Graef" title="Roger Graef">Roger Graef</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Barry_(composer)" title="John Barry (composer)">John Barry</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Puttnam" title="David Puttnam">David Puttnam</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne_V._Coates" title="Anne V. Coates">Anne V. Coates</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Curtis" title="Richard Curtis">Richard Curtis</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Will_Wright_(game_designer)" title="Will Wright (game designer)">Will Wright</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Forsyth" title="Bruce Forsyth">Bruce Forsyth</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dawn_French" title="Dawn French">Dawn French</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders" title="Jennifer Saunders">Jennifer Saunders</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Gilliam" title="Terry Gilliam">Terry Gilliam</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nolan_Bushnell" title="Nolan Bushnell">Nolan Bushnell</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melvyn_Bragg" title="Melvyn Bragg">Melvyn Bragg</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lee" title="Christopher Lee">Christopher Lee</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Molyneux" title="Peter Molyneux">Peter Molyneux</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_McDonald" title="Trevor McDonald">Trevor McDonald</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><s><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Harris" title="Rolf Harris">Rolf Harris</a></s> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Parker" title="Alan Parker">Alan Parker</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gabe_Newell" title="Gabe Newell">Gabe Newell</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Palin" title="Michael Palin">Michael Palin</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helen_Mirren" title="Helen Mirren">Helen Mirren</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rockstar_Games" title="Rockstar Games">Rockstar Games</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Walters" title="Julie Walters">Julie Walters</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Braben" title="David Braben">David Braben</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Snow_(journalist)" title="Jon Snow (journalist)">Jon Snow</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Carmack</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Galton" title="Ray Galton">Ray Galton</a> & <a href="/wiki/Alan_Simpson_(scriptwriter)" title="Alan Simpson (scriptwriter)">Alan Simpson</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joanna_Lumley" title="Joanna Lumley">Joanna Lumley</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Schafer" title="Tim Schafer">Tim Schafer</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kate_Adie" title="Kate Adie">Kate Adie</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Bakewell" title="Joan Bakewell">Joan Bakewell</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_(producer)" title="Kathleen Kennedy (producer)">Kathleen Kennedy</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hideo_Kojima" title="Hideo Kojima">Hideo Kojima</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Siobhan_Reddy" title="Siobhan Reddy">Siobhan Reddy</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Connolly" title="Billy Connolly">Billy Connolly</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Powell_(costume_designer)" title="Sandy Powell (costume designer)">Sandy Powell</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shuhei_Yoshida" title="Shuhei Yoshida">Shuhei Yoshida</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Meera_Syal" title="Meera Syal">Meera Syal</a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Morton" title="Samantha Morton">Samantha Morton</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Floella_Benjamin" title="Floella Benjamin">Floella Benjamin</a> (2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warwick_Davis" title="Warwick Davis">Warwick Davis</a> (2025)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Meta_Platforms99" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Meta_Platforms" title="Template:Meta Platforms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Meta_Platforms" title="Template talk:Meta Platforms"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Meta_Platforms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Meta Platforms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Meta_Platforms99" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta Platforms</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products<br />and services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Facebook_features" title="List of Facebook features">Features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Beacon" title="Facebook Beacon">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Bluetooth_Beacon" title="Facebook Bluetooth Beacon">Bluetooth Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Credits" title="Facebook Credits">Credits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Dating" title="Facebook Dating">Dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EdgeRank" title="EdgeRank">EdgeRank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feed_(Facebook)" title="Feed (Facebook)">Feed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Facebook_features#Facebook_Gaming" title="List of Facebook features">Gaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Graph_Search" title="Facebook Graph Search">Graph Search</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Instant_Articles" title="Facebook Instant Articles">Instant Articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_like_button" title="Facebook like button">Like button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Facebook_features#Live_streaming" title="List of Facebook features">Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lookalike_audience" title="Lookalike audience">Lookalike audience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_onion_address" title="Facebook onion address">Onion address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Platform" title="Facebook Platform">Platform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Platform#Facebook_Connect" title="Facebook Platform">Connect</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Safety_Check" title="Facebook Safety Check">Safety Check</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Stories" title="Facebook Stories">Stories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Watch" title="Facebook Watch">Watch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Facebook_Watch_original_programming" title="List of Facebook Watch original programming">list of original programs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Zero" title="Facebook Zero">Zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hyperlapse_(application)" title="Hyperlapse (application)">Hyperlapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IGTV" title="IGTV">IGTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-followed_Instagram_accounts" title="List of most-followed Instagram accounts">List of most-followed accounts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-liked_Instagram_posts" title="List of most-liked Instagram posts">List of most-liked pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threads_(social_network)" title="Threads (social network)">Threads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Portal" title="Meta Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Quest" title="Meta Quest">Meta Quest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oculus_Quest" title="Oculus Quest">Quest 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quest_2" title="Quest 2">Quest 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Quest_3" title="Meta Quest 3">Quest 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Quest_Pro" title="Meta Quest Pro">Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oculus_Touch" title="Oculus Touch">Touch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray-Ban_Stories" class="mw-redirect" title="Ray-Ban Stories">Ray-Ban Stories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Express_Wi-Fi" title="Express Wi-Fi">Express Wi-Fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet.org" title="Internet.org">Free Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messenger_(software)" title="Messenger (software)">Messenger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Messenger_Kids" title="Messenger Kids">Kids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messenger_(software)#Messenger_Rooms" title="Messenger (software)">Rooms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapillary" title="Mapillary">Mapillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_AI" title="Meta AI">Meta AI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Horizon_OS" title="Meta Horizon OS">Meta Horizon OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Within_(company)" title="Within (company)">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WhatsApp" title="WhatsApp">WhatsApp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_(software)" title="Workplace (software)">Workplace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Solutions" title="Atlas Solutions">Atlas Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FriendFeed" title="FriendFeed">FriendFeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giphy" title="Giphy">Giphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Home" title="Facebook Home">Home</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTC_First" title="HTC First">HTC First</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M_(virtual_assistant)" title="M (virtual assistant)">M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oculus_Go" title="Oculus Go">Oculus Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oculus_Rift" title="Oculus Rift">Oculus Rift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oculus_Rift_CV1" title="Oculus Rift CV1">CV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oculus_Rift_S" title="Oculus Rift S">S</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onavo" title="Onavo">Onavo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Paper" title="Facebook Paper">Paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Slingshot" title="Facebook Slingshot">Slingshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tbh_(app)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tbh (app)">tbh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wirehog" title="Wirehog">Wirehog</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (28% equity)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Moskovitz" title="Dustin Moskovitz">Dustin Moskovitz</a> (7%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Saverin" title="Eduardo Saverin">Eduardo Saverin</a> (<i>5%, formerly</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hughes" title="Chris Hughes">Chris Hughes</a> (<i>1%, formerly</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_McCollum" title="Andrew McCollum">Andrew McCollum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Andreessen" title="Marc Andreessen">Marc Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Arnold" title="John D. Arnold">John D. Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Elkann" title="John Elkann">John Elkann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Houston" title="Drew Houston">Drew Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Killefer" title="Nancy Killefer">Nancy Killefer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Kimmitt" title="Robert M. Kimmitt">Robert M. Kimmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hock_Tan" title="Hock Tan">Hock Tan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_White" title="Dana White">Dana White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Xu" title="Tony Xu">Tony Xu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sheryl_Sandberg" title="Sheryl Sandberg">Sheryl Sandberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Peter Thiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Executive<br />officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (Chairman and CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javier_Olivan" title="Javier Olivan">Javier Olivan</a> (COO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bosworth" title="Andrew Bosworth">Andrew Bosworth</a> (CTO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Cox_(manager)" title="Chris Cox (manager)">Chris Cox</a> (CPO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Clegg" title="Nick Clegg">Nick Clegg</a> (President of Global Affairs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Gillian_Newstead" title="Jennifer Gillian Newstead">Jennifer Newstead</a> (Chief Legal Officer)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Parker" title="Sean Parker">Sean Parker</a> (<i>4%, formerly</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Van_Natta" title="Owen Van Natta">Owen Van Natta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Yu" title="Gideon Yu">Gideon Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_D%27Angelo" title="Adam D'Angelo">Adam D'Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Kelly_(entrepreneur)" title="Chris Kelly (entrepreneur)">Chris Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bret_Taylor" title="Bret Taylor">Bret Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheryl_Sandberg" title="Sheryl Sandberg">Sheryl Sandberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Schroepfer" title="Mike Schroepfer">Mike Schroepfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Wehner" title="David Wehner">David Wehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ebersman" title="David Ebersman">David Ebersman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marne_Levine" title="Marne Levine">Marne Levine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Stamos" title="Alex Stamos">Alex Stamos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oversight_Board_(Meta)" title="Oversight Board (Meta)">Oversight<br />Board</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catalina_Botero_Marino" title="Catalina Botero Marino">Catalina Botero Marino</a>, Co-Chair (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Greene" title="Jamal Greene">Jamal Greene</a>, Co-Chair (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_W._McConnell" title="Michael W. McConnell">Michael W. McConnell</a>, Co-Chair (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helle_Thorning-Schmidt" title="Helle Thorning-Schmidt">Helle Thorning-Schmidt</a>, Co-Chair (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afia_Asantewaa_Asare-Kyei" title="Afia Asantewaa Asare-Kyei">Afia Asantewaa Asare-Kyei</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Aswad" title="Evelyn Aswad">Evelyn Aswad</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endy_Bayuni" title="Endy Bayuni">Endy Bayuni</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Chen" title="Katherine Chen">Katherine Chen</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nighat_Dad" title="Nighat Dad">Nighat Dad</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawakkol_Karman" title="Tawakkol Karman">Tawakkol Karman</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maina_Kiai" title="Maina Kiai">Maina Kiai</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudhir_Krishnaswamy" title="Sudhir Krishnaswamy">Sudhir Krishnaswamy</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronaldo_Lemos" title="Ronaldo Lemos">Ronaldo Lemos</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Owono" title="Julie Owono">Julie Owono</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emi_Palmor" title="Emi Palmor">Emi Palmor</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Rusbridger" title="Alan Rusbridger">Alan Rusbridger</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Saj%C3%B3" title="András Sajó">András Sajó</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Samples" title="John Samples">John Samples</a> (2020–)</li> <li>Nicolas Suzor (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Nossel" title="Suzanne Nossel">Suzanne Nossel</a> (2021–)</li> <li>Khaled Mansour (2022–)</li> <li>Pamela San Martin (2022–)</li> <li>Paolo Carozza (2022–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenji_Yoshino" title="Kenji Yoshino">Kenji Yoshino</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board of<br />Trustees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Neal_(lawyer)" title="Stephen Neal (lawyer)">Stephen Neal</a>, Chair (2021–)</li> <li>Kristina Arriaga (2020–)</li> <li>Cherine Chalaby (2020–)</li> <li>Wanda Felton (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_O%27Regan" title="Kate O'Regan">Kate O'Regan</a> (2020–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Post_(law_professor)" title="Robert Post (law professor)">Robert Post</a> (2020–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former<br />members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pamela_S._Karlan" title="Pamela S. Karlan">Pamela S. Karlan</a> (Board Member, 2020–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_G._Haaga_Jr." title="Paul G. Haaga Jr.">Paul G. Haaga Jr.</a> (Board of Trustees Chair, 2020–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br />employees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Rasmussen_(software_developer)" title="Lars Rasmussen (software developer)">Lars Rasmussen</a> (Graph Search director)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naomi_Gleit" title="Naomi Gleit">Naomi Gleit</a> (VP of social good)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Mendelsohn" title="Nicola Mendelsohn">Nicola Mendelsohn</a> (head of Global Business Group)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Mosseri" title="Adam Mosseri">Adam Mosseri</a> (head of Instagram)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Reardon" title="Thomas Reardon">Thomas Reardon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reality_Labs" title="Reality Labs">Reality Labs</a> director)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Ross" title="Blake Ross">Blake Ross</a> (Director of Product)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Ullyot" title="Ted Ullyot">Ted Ullyot</a> (VP, General Counsel, and Secretary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Barra" title="Hugo Barra">Hugo Barra</a> (VP of <a href="/wiki/Reality_Labs" title="Reality Labs">Reality Labs</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">John Carmack</a> (CTO of <a href="/wiki/Reality_Labs" title="Reality Labs">Reality Labs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Cohler" title="Matt Cohler">Matt Cohler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Cheever" title="Charlie Cheever">Charlie Cheever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randi_Zuckerberg" title="Randi Zuckerberg">Randi Zuckerberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yishan_Wong" title="Yishan Wong">Yishan Wong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hotz" title="George Hotz">George Hotz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Lockhart" title="Joe Lockhart">Joe Lockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Alexandrescu" title="Andrei Alexandrescu">Andrei Alexandrescu</a> (research scientist)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamath_Palihapitiya" title="Chamath Palihapitiya">Chamath Palihapitiya</a> (VP of User Growth)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliot_Schrage" title="Elliot Schrage">Elliot Schrage</a> (VP of Global Communications, Marketing and Public Policy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Haugen" title="Frances Haugen">Frances Haugen</a> (Product Manager of Civic Integrity Team)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Open source</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Cassandra" title="Apache Cassandra">Apache Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Hive" title="Apache Hive">Apache Hive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Thrift" title="Apache Thrift">Apache Thrift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_(software)" title="Buck (software)">Buck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Query_Language" title="Facebook Query Language">FQL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hack_(programming_language)" title="Hack (programming language)">Hack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HHVM" title="HHVM">HHVM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HipHop_for_PHP" title="HipHop for PHP">HipHop for PHP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infer_Static_Analyzer" title="Infer Static Analyzer">Infer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MyRocks" title="MyRocks">MyRocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Compute_Project" title="Open Compute Project">Open Compute Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phabricator" title="Phabricator">Phabricator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/React_(software)" title="React (software)">React</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/React_Native" title="React Native">React Native</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RocksDB" title="RocksDB">RocksDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribe_(log_server)" title="Scribe (log server)">Scribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecom_Infra_Project" title="Telecom Infra Project">Telecom Infra Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tornado_(web_server)" title="Tornado (web server)">Tornado</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mass media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Facebook_Effect" title="The Facebook Effect">The Facebook Effect</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Accidental_Billionaires" title="The Accidental Billionaires">The Accidental Billionaires</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Social_Network" title="The Social Network">The Social Network</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activity_stream" title="Activity stream">Activity stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_graph" title="Social graph">Social graph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friending_and_following" title="Friending and following">Friending and following</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reblogging" title="Reblogging">Reblogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan-gating" title="Fan-gating">Fan-gating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_diplomacy#Facebook_diplomacy" title="Digital diplomacy">Facebook diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_like_button" title="Facebook like button">Facebook like button</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Business</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Facebook" title="History of Facebook">History of Facebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Instagram" title="Timeline of Instagram">Timeline of Instagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_WhatsApp" title="Timeline of WhatsApp">Timeline of WhatsApp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Meta_Platforms" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Meta Platforms">Acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_F8" title="Facebook F8">f8 conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initial_public_offering_of_Facebook" title="Initial public offering of Facebook">IPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_Facebook" title="Censorship of Facebook">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Facebook" title="Criticism of Facebook">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Facebook%E2%80%93Cambridge_Analytica_data_scandal" title="Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal">Cambridge Analytica data scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Facebook_ad_boycotts" title="2020 Facebook ad boycotts">2020 ad boycotts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Facebook_leak" title="2021 Facebook leak">2021 company files leak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_concerns_with_Facebook" title="Privacy concerns with Facebook">Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_content_management_controversies" title="Facebook content management controversies">Content management</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawsuits_involving_Meta_Platforms" title="Lawsuits involving Meta Platforms">Litigation</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Young_v._Facebook,_Inc." title="Young v. Facebook, Inc.">Young v. Facebook, Inc.</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fraley_v._Facebook,_Inc." title="Fraley v. Facebook, Inc.">Fraley v. Facebook, Inc.</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Force_v._Facebook,_Inc." title="Force v. Facebook, Inc.">Force v. Facebook, Inc.</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Facebook,_Inc._v._Duguid" title="Facebook, Inc. v. Duguid">Facebook, Inc. v. Duguid</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission_v._Meta_Platforms,_Inc." title="Federal Trade Commission v. Meta Platforms, Inc.">Federal Trade Commission v. Meta Platforms, Inc.</a></i> (ongoing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta_and_unions" title="Meta and unions">unionization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-followed_Facebook_pages" title="List of most-followed Facebook pages">Most-followed Facebook pages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Chan" title="Priscilla Chan">Priscilla Chan</a> (wife of Mark Zuckerberg)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chan_Zuckerberg_Initiative" title="Chan Zuckerberg Initiative">Chan Zuckerberg Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Aquila" title="Facebook Aquila">Aquila Internet relay drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_Village" title="Willow Village">Willow Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WaveGroup_Sound" title="WaveGroup Sound">WaveGroup Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Facebook_outage" title="2021 Facebook outage">2021 Facebook outage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92605#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1407" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92605#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1407" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92605#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/128786086">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2002104692">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150421651">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb150421651">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/9077674">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9814293238205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007341493205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/084570423">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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[\"CITEREFLarabel2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLawler2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLex_Fridman2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLombardi1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFManion2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcWhertor2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMichaels2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoon2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOrland2017\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFOrndorff2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPapadopoulos2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPlafke2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPlunkett2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrisco2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRaghavanKatzMoffitt1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRogan,_Joe2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSavage1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSnider2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStuart2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThielman2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomsen2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilhelm2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFXPRIZE2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYin-Poole2014\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 4,\n [\"'s\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 7,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite podcast\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite tweet\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 53,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Carmack, John\"] = 1,\n [\"Dts\"] = 58,\n [\"Efn\"] = 2,\n [\"Facebook navbox\"] = 1,\n [\"Format price\"] = 3,\n [\"IMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"Id Software\"] = 1,\n [\"Incomplete list\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 3,\n [\"Inflation/year\"] = 3,\n [\"Infobox person\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 1,\n [\"Moby developer\"] = 1,\n [\"Noteslist\"] = 1,\n [\"Other people\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-semi-indef\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 8,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Softdisk\"] = 1,\n [\"Twitter\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-75687f9f4b-qs85f","timestamp":"20250321234757","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"John Carmack","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/John_Carmack","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q92605","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q92605","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-02-25T15:51:15Z","dateModified":"2025-03-06T04:36:35Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/2\/2d\/John_Carmack_2025.jpg","headline":"American computer programmer and video game developer"}</script> </body> </html>