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Американо-французский договор (1778) — Википедия

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энциклопедии</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div id="mw-fr-revision-messages"><div class="cdx-message mw-fr-message-box cdx-message--block cdx-message--notice mw-fr-basic mw-fr-draft-not-synced plainlinks noprint"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content">Текущая версия страницы пока <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Википедия:Проверка статей/Пояснение для читателей">не проверялась</a> опытными участниками и может значительно отличаться от <a class="external text" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;stable=1">версии, проверенной 29 мая 2022 года</a>; проверки требуют <a class="external text" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;oldid=122902560&amp;diff=cur&amp;diffonly=0">3 правки</a>.</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Перейти к навигации</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Перейти к поиску</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ru" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:LE_TRAITE_D%27ALLIANCE_ENTRE_LA_FRANCE_ET_LES_%C3%89TATS-UNIS_DE_1778.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/LE_TRAITE_D%27ALLIANCE_ENTRE_LA_FRANCE_ET_LES_%C3%89TATS-UNIS_DE_1778.jpg/220px-LE_TRAITE_D%27ALLIANCE_ENTRE_LA_FRANCE_ET_LES_%C3%89TATS-UNIS_DE_1778.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/LE_TRAITE_D%27ALLIANCE_ENTRE_LA_FRANCE_ET_LES_%C3%89TATS-UNIS_DE_1778.jpg/330px-LE_TRAITE_D%27ALLIANCE_ENTRE_LA_FRANCE_ET_LES_%C3%89TATS-UNIS_DE_1778.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/LE_TRAITE_D%27ALLIANCE_ENTRE_LA_FRANCE_ET_LES_%C3%89TATS-UNIS_DE_1778.jpg 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>Американо-французский договор о союзничестве (1778)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Американо-французский договор 1778 года</b>&#160;— оборонительный пакт между <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" class="mw-redirect" title="США">США</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Франция">Францией,</a> принятый в феврале <a href="/wiki/1778_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1778 год">1778&#160;года</a>, приведший к объявлению войны Франции <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Великобритания">Великобританией</a>. </p><p>В соответствии с Договором, Франция впервые признала существование <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" class="mw-redirect" title="США">Соединенных Штатов Америки</a>. Oт имени Франции договор подписал <span data-interwiki-lang="en" data-interwiki-article="Conrad Alexandre Gérard de Rayneval"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80,_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4-%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Жерар, Конрад-Александр (страница отсутствует)">Конрад-Александр Жерар</a></span><sup class="noprint" style="font-style:normal; font-weight:normal;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Alexandre_G%C3%A9rard_de_Rayneval" class="extiw" title="en:Conrad Alexandre Gérard de Rayneval"><span title="Conrad Alexandre Gérard de Rayneval — версия статьи «Жерар, Конрад-Александр» на английском языке">[англ.]</span></a></sup>, от имени Соединенных Штатов&#160;— <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Франклин, Бенджамин">Бенджамин Франклин</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Сайлас Дин (страница отсутствует)">Сайлас Дин</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%9B%D0%B8_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Артур Ли (дипломат) (страница отсутствует)">Артур Ли</a>. </p><p>По условиям договора Франция обязалась защищать «свободу, суверенитет и независимость США», и не складывать оружия до тех пор, пока Англия не признает независимость США<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="См._также"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BC._.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.B6.D0.B5"></span>См. также</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Редактировать раздел «Примечания»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Примечания»"><span>править код</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bse02.medtour.info/podrobno/amerikano_francuzskiy_dogovor_1778~2628.htm">АМЕРИКАНО-ФРАНЦУЗСКИЙ ДОГОВОР 1778</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">&#160;&#160;<small class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="на неопределённом языке">(неопр.)</small></span>.&#32;Дата обращения: 2 декабря 2014.&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130904193240/http://bse02.medtour.info/podrobno/amerikano_francuzskiy_dogovor_1778~2628.htm">Архивировано</a> 4 сентября 2013 года.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ссылки"><span id=".D0.A1.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BB.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Ссылки</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Редактировать раздел «Ссылки»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>править</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «Ссылки»"><span>править код</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFБСЭ">Американо-французский договор 1778&#160;//&#32;<a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F#Третье_издание" title="Большая советская энциклопедия">Большая советская энциклопедия</a>&#160;: <span class="nowrap">[в 30 т.]</span>&#160;/ гл. ред. <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Прохоров, Александр Михайлович">А. М. Прохоров</a></span>.&#160;— 3-е изд.&#160;— <abbr title="Москва">М.</abbr>&#160;: Советская энциклопедия, 1969—1978.</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071007023223/http://www.college-masevaux.org/ehrettraite.htm">https://web.archive.org/web/20071007023223/http://www.college-masevaux.org/ehrettraite.htm</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081019230745/http://www.college-masevaux.org/ehretgerard.htm">https://web.archive.org/web/20081019230745/http://www.college-masevaux.org/ehretgerard.htm</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐5bd8ff6df6‐flck9 Cached time: 20241118074911 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.080 seconds Real time usage: 0.224 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1146/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6524/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1549/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5216/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.018/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1518887/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 105.472 1 -total 41.73% 44.018 1 Шаблон:БСЭ3 39.42% 41.573 1 Шаблон:Публикация 26.60% 28.057 1 Шаблон:Нп3 21.26% 22.428 1 Шаблон:Примечания 16.95% 17.879 1 Шаблон:Cite_web 12.01% 12.668 1 Шаблон:Публикация/место 5.00% 5.273 1 Шаблон:Replace 2.88% 3.039 1 Шаблон:Ref-lang 2.15% 2.272 1 Шаблон:Публикация/стандартные_номера --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ruwiki:pcache:idhash:5317567-0!canonical and timestamp 20241118074911 and revision id 140721916. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Источник — <a dir="ltr" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Американо-французский_договор_(1778)&amp;oldid=140721916">https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Американо-французский_договор_(1778)&amp;oldid=140721916</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Служебная:Категории">Категории</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Категория:Международные договоры США">Международные договоры США</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Категория:Международные договоры Франции">Международные договоры Франции</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:1778_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Категория:1778 год в политике">1778 год в политике</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_1770-%D1%85_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Категория:Международные договоры 1770-х годов">Международные договоры 1770-х годов</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_1778_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Категория:Февраль 1778 года">Февраль 1778 года</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Навигация</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Персональные инструменты</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="Страница участника для моего IP">Вы не представились системе</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%91_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Страница обсуждений для моего IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Обсуждение</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Список правок, сделанных с этого IP-адреса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Вклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&amp;returnto=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80+%281778%29" title="Мы предлагаем вам создать учётную запись и войти в систему, хотя это и не обязательно."><span>Создать учётную запись</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&amp;returnto=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80+%281778%29" title="Здесь можно зарегистрироваться в системе, но это необязательно. [o]" accesskey="o"><span>Войти</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" > <h3 id="p-namespaces-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Пространства имён</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)" title="Просмотреть контентную страницу [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Статья</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5:%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Обсуждение основной страницы (страница отсутствует) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Обсуждение</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-variants-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <label id="p-variants-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">русский</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" > <h3 id="p-views-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Просмотры</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;stable=1"><span>Читать</span></a></li><li id="ca-current" class="collapsible selected mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;stable=0&amp;redirect=no" title="Показать текущую версию этой страницы [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Текущая версия</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;veaction=edit" title="Редактировать данную страницу [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Править</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Править код</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_(1778)&amp;action=history" title="Журнал изменений страницы [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-cactions-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" > <label id="p-cactions-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Ещё</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <h3 >Поиск</h3> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="vector-search-box-form"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="vector-search-box-inner" data-search-loc="header-navigation"> <input class="vector-search-box-input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Искать в Википедии" aria-label="Искать в Википедии" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Искать в Википедии [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Служебная:Поиск"> <input id="mw-searchButton" class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="Найти страницы, содержащие указанный текст" value="Найти"> <input id="searchButton" class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="Перейти к странице, имеющей в точности такое название" value="Перейти"> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-panel" class="vector-legacy-sidebar"> <div id="p-logo" role="banner"> <a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Перейти на заглавную страницу"></a> </div> <nav id="p-navigation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label" > <h3 id="p-navigation-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Навигация</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Перейти на заглавную страницу [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Заглавная страница</span></a></li><li id="n-content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5"><span>Содержание</span></a></li><li id="n-featured" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8" title="Статьи, считающиеся лучшими статьями проекта"><span>Избранные статьи</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Посмотреть случайно выбранную страницу [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Случайная статья</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Статьи о текущих событиях в мире"><span>Текущие события</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupport" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ru.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ru" title="Поддержите нас"><span>Пожертвовать</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-participation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-participation-label" > <h3 id="p-participation-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Участие</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Сообщить об ошибке в этой статье"><span>Сообщить об ошибке</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5"><span>Как править статьи</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="О проекте, о том, чем здесь можно заниматься, а также — где что находится"><span>Сообщество</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Форум участников Википедии"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Список последних изменений [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Свежие правки</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a 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data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliansetraktaten_(1778)" title="Alliansetraktaten (1778) — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alliansetraktaten (1778)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francusko-ameryka%C5%84ski_traktat_sojuszniczy_(1778)" title="Francusko-amerykański traktat sojuszniczy (1778) — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Francusko-amerykański traktat sojuszniczy (1778)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt 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