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Hemphill</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Robert W. Hemphill</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Hemphill_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Robert_Hemphill_portrait.jpg/220px-Robert_Hemphill_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Robert_Hemphill_portrait.jpg/330px-Robert_Hemphill_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Robert_Hemphill_portrait.jpg/440px-Robert_Hemphill_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2159" data-file-height="2784" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Senior_status" title="Senior status">Senior Judge</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />May 10, 1980 – December 25, 1983</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1979–1980</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Robert_Martin_Jr." title="James Robert Martin Jr.">James Robert Martin Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Earl_Simons_Jr." title="Charles Earl Simons Jr.">Charles Earl Simons Jr.</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 1, 1965 – May 10, 1980</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Operation_of_law" title="Operation of law">operation of law</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Seat established by 79 Stat. 951</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Walter_Wilkins" title="William Walter Wilkins">William Walter Wilkins</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1964–1965</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Bell_Timmerman_Sr." title="George Bell Timmerman Sr.">George Bell Timmerman Sr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Office abolished</i></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina</a><br />Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 30, 1964 – November 1, 1965</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="List of federal judges appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_Bell_Timmerman_Sr." title="George Bell Timmerman Sr.">George Bell Timmerman Sr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Seat abolished</i></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>'s <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="South Carolina's 5th congressional district">5th</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1957 – May 1, 1964</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_P._Richards" title="James P. Richards">James P. Richards</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Gettys" title="Thomas S. Gettys">Thomas S. Gettys</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Robert Witherspoon Hemphill</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1915-05-10</span>)</span>May 10, 1915<br /><a href="/wiki/Chester,_South_Carolina" title="Chester, South Carolina">Chester, South Carolina</a>, US</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">December 25, 1983<span style="display:none">(1983-12-25)</span> (aged 68)<br /><a href="/wiki/Chester,_South_Carolina" title="Chester, South Carolina">Chester, South Carolina</a>, US</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Blackstock,_South_Carolina" title="Blackstock, South Carolina">Blackstock, South Carolina</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Forrest Isabelle (m. 1942, d. 1982)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3 - Forrest, Harriet, and Robert Jr.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Carolina" title="University of South Carolina">University of South Carolina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">A.B.</a>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Carolina_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="University of South Carolina School of Law">University of South Carolina School of Law</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">LL.B.</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Witherspoon Hemphill</b> (May 10, 1915 – December 25, 1983) was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_representative" class="mw-redirect" title="United States representative">United States representative</a> from <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> and later was a <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_judge" title="United States federal judge">United States district judge</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Hemphill&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born on May 10, 1915, in <a href="/wiki/Chester,_South_Carolina" title="Chester, South Carolina">Chester</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, Hemphill attended the public schools. He graduated with an <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Artium Baccalaureus</a> degree from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Carolina" title="University of South Carolina">University of South Carolina</a> in 1936 and with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws" title="Bachelor of Laws">Bachelor of Laws</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Carolina_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="University of South Carolina School of Law">University of South Carolina School of Law</a> in 1938. At the university, Hemphill was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Euphradian_Society" title="Euphradian Society">Euphradian Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was admitted to the bar in 1938 and commenced the practice of law in Chester until 1964. Hemphill volunteered in 1941 as a flying cadet in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps" title="United States Army Air Corps">United States Army Air Corps</a> and served as a bomber pilot until December 1945. After returning from the war, he served as chairman of Chester County Democratic conventions in 1946 and 1947. He was elected to the <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_House_of_Representatives" title="South Carolina House of Representatives">South Carolina House of Representatives</a> in 1946, serving from 1947 to 1948. He served as solicitor of the Sixth South Carolina Judicial Circuit from 1950 to 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Congressional_service">Congressional service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Hemphill&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Congressional service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hemphill was elected as a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> to the Eighty-fifth and to the three succeeding Congresses, serving from January 3, 1957, until his resignation May 1, 1964, to take a federal judicial post. During his Congressional service, he was a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic Treaty Organization">North Atlantic Treaty Organization</a> Congress in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Federal_judicial_service">Federal judicial service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Hemphill&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Federal judicial service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hemphill was nominated by President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> on April 15, 1964, to a joint seat on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina</a> vacated by Judge <a href="/wiki/George_Bell_Timmerman_Sr." title="George Bell Timmerman Sr.">George Bell Timmerman Sr.</a> He was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> on April 30, 1964, and received his commission on April 30, 1964. He served as Chief Judge of the Eastern District from 1964 to 1965. On November 1, 1965, the Eastern and Western Districts were recombined into a single <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a>. On that day, Hemphill was reassigned by <a href="/wiki/Operation_of_law" title="Operation of law">operation of law</a> to a new seat authorized by 79 Stat. 951. He served as Chief Judge from 1979 to 1980. He assumed <a href="/wiki/Senior_status" title="Senior status">senior status</a> on May 10, 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His service terminated on December 25, 1983, due to his death in Chester. He was interred in Hopewell Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church Cemetery, in Chester.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal">Personal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Hemphill&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hemphill was the great-great-nephew of Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Hemphill_(Senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hemphill (Senator)">John Hemphill</a>, great-nephew of <a href="/wiki/John_J._Hemphill" title="John J. Hemphill">John J. Hemphill</a>, great-nephew of <a href="/wiki/William_Huggins_Brawley" class="mw-redirect" title="William Huggins Brawley">William Huggins Brawley</a>, and great-great-grandson of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Witherspoon" title="Robert Witherspoon">Robert Witherspoon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Hemphill&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWalker1935" class="citation book cs1">Walker, Wesley, ed. (1935). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.sc.edu/digital/collections/garnetAndBlack/gb1935.pdf"><i>Garnet and Black</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina. p. 187.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Garnet+and+Black&rft.place=Columbia%2C+SC&rft.pages=187&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina&rft.date=1935&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.sc.edu%2Fdigital%2Fcollections%2FgarnetAndBlack%2Fgb1935.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+W.+Hemphill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/1382036">Robert Witherspoon Hemphill</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressH000471" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000471">"Robert W. Hemphill (id: H000471)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Robert+W.+Hemphill+%28id%3A+H000471%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+W.+Hemphill" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_W._Hemphill&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressH000471" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000471">"Robert W. Hemphill (id: H000471)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Robert+W.+Hemphill+%28id%3A+H000471%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+W.+Hemphill" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/1382036">Robert Witherspoon Hemphill</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sc.edu/about/offices_and_divisions/university_libraries/browse/sc_political_collections/collections/johnston_olin_dewitt_talmadge_1896-1965.php">Robert Witherspoon Hemphill Papers</a> at South Carolina Political Collections at the University of South Carolina</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_P._Richards" title="James P. Richards">James P. Richards</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States representatives from South Carolina">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="South Carolina05 !"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="South Carolina's 5th congressional district">South Carolina's 5th congressional district</a></span> </b><br />1957–1964 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Gettys" title="Thomas S. Gettys">Thomas S. Gettys</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Bell_Timmerman_Sr." title="George Bell Timmerman Sr.">George Bell Timmerman Sr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina</a></span><br /><span class="nowrap">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Western_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Western District of South Carolina</a></span> </b><br />1964–1965 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Seat abolished</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina</a></span> </b><br />1964–1965 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Office abolished</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Seat established by 79 Stat. 951</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a></span> </b><br />1965–1980 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Walter_Wilkins" title="William Walter Wilkins">William Walter Wilkins</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Robert_Martin_Jr." title="James Robert Martin Jr.">James Robert Martin Jr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_District_of_South_Carolina" title="United States District Court for the District of South Carolina">United States District Court for the District of South Carolina</a></span> </b><br />1979–1980 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Earl_Simons_Jr." title="Charles Earl Simons Jr.">Charles Earl Simons Jr.</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="South_Carolina&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_85th–87th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="South_Carolina&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_85th–87th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>'s delegation(s) to the 85th–87th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/85th_United_States_Congress" title="85th United States Congress">85th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Olin_D._Johnston" title="Olin D. Johnston">O. Johnston</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">S. Thurmond</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States representatives from South Carolina">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_L._McMillan" title="John L. McMillan">J. McMillan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/L._Mendel_Rivers" title="L. Mendel Rivers">L. M. Rivers</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_J._Riley" title="John J. Riley">J. Riley</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_Dorn" title="William Jennings Bryan Dorn">W. J. B. Dorn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Ashmore" title="Robert T. Ashmore">R. Ashmore</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Hemphill</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/86th_United_States_Congress" title="86th United States Congress">86th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Olin_D._Johnston" title="Olin D. Johnston">O. Johnston</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">S. Thurmond</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States representatives from South Carolina">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_L._McMillan" title="John L. McMillan">J. McMillan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/L._Mendel_Rivers" title="L. Mendel Rivers">L. M. Rivers</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_J._Riley" title="John J. Riley">J. Riley</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_Dorn" title="William Jennings Bryan Dorn">W. J. B. Dorn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Ashmore" title="Robert T. Ashmore">R. Ashmore</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Hemphill</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/87th_United_States_Congress" title="87th United States Congress">87th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Olin_D._Johnston" title="Olin D. Johnston">O. Johnston</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">S. Thurmond</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States representatives from South Carolina">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_L._McMillan" title="John L. McMillan">J. McMillan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/L._Mendel_Rivers" title="L. Mendel Rivers">L. M. Rivers</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_J._Riley" title="John J. Riley"><i>J. Riley</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_Dorn" title="William Jennings Bryan Dorn">W. J. B. Dorn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Ashmore" title="Robert T. Ashmore">R. Ashmore</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">R. Hemphill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Corinne_Boyd_Riley" title="Corinne Boyd Riley"><i>C. Riley</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/88th_United_States_Congress" title="88th United States Congress">88th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Olin_D._Johnston" title="Olin D. Johnston">O. Johnston</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">S. Thurmond</a> (D/R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States representatives from South Carolina">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_L._McMillan" title="John L. McMillan">J. McMillan</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/L._Mendel_Rivers" title="L. Mendel Rivers">L. M. Rivers</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan_Dorn" title="William Jennings Bryan Dorn">W. J. B. Dorn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Ashmore" title="Robert T. Ashmore">R. Ashmore</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>R. Hemphill</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Watson_(South_Carolina_politician)" title="Albert Watson (South Carolina politician)">A. Watson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Gettys" title="Thomas S. Gettys"><i>T. Gettys</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521601#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521601#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521601#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/55713608">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1729844/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdWMkjpPJ6JVRfw33GmBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88222689">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000471">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6gx7s5w">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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