Science - New Atlas

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="SectionPage is-basic" lang="en-US" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"> <head> <script id="cf-analytics"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ flags: 'image_optimisation,trendmd_clw', version: '2.9.49' }) </script> <script id="cf-newatlas"> window.newatlas = window.newatlas || {}; newatlas.augmentLogs = function (args, level = 1) { let tagColor = level === 1 ? '#3761d6' : 'grey'; let logStyle = 'display: inline-block; color: #000; background: ' + tagColor + '; padding: 1px 4px; border-radius: 3px;'; return ( (args = [].slice.call(args)).unshift(logStyle), args.unshift('%cNA'), window && window.performance && args.push(window.performance.now()), args ); }; newatlas.log = function () { // some Security settings will throw 'SecurityError: The operation is insecure.' on localStorage access try { localStorage.getItem('newatlas.debug') && console.log.apply(console, newatlas.augmentLogs(arguments)); } catch (err) { /* user doesn't need logging */ } }; newatlas.debug = function () { try { localStorage.getItem('newatlas.debug') && localStorage.getItem('newatlas.debug') === '2' && console.log.apply(console, newatlas.augmentLogs(arguments, 2)); } catch (err) { /* user doesn't need logging */ } }; function noop() {} newatlas.now = window.performance && typeof window.performance.now == 'function' ? function () { window.performance.now(); } : noop; newatlas.mark = window.performance && typeof window.performance.mark == 'function' ? function (msg) { window.performance.mark(msg); } : noop; newatlas.measure = window.performance && typeof window.performance.mark == 'function' ? function (msg, start, end) { window.performance.measure(msg, start, end); } : noop; newatlas.getMarks = function (prefixes) { if (!Array.isArray(prefixes)) prefixes = [prefixes || '[NA]']; return Array.from(performance.getEntriesByType('navigation')).concat(Array.from(performance.getEntries()) .filter(e => prefixes.some(s => e.name.startsWith(s)))); } </script> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <style data-cssvarsponyfill="true"> :root { --primaryColor1: #3761d6; --primaryColor2: #000000; --primaryTextColor: #333333; --secondaryTextColor: #666666; --breakingColor: #ff6f00; --secondaryColor1: #858585; --secondaryColor2: #cccccc; --secondaryColor3: #e6e6e6; --secondaryColor4: #f5f5f5; --secondaryColor5: #ffffff; --siteBgColor: #ffffff; --siteInverseBgColor: #000000; --headerBgColor: #ffffff; --headerBgColorInverse: #000000; --headerBorderColor: #e6e6e6; --headerBorderColorInverse: #858585; --headerTextColor: #333333; --headerTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --headerMenuBgColor: #ffffff; --headerMenuTextColor: #333333; --secondaryHeaderBgColor: #ffffff; --secondaryHeaderTextColor: #333333; --advertisementBgColor: #f8f8f8; --footerBgColor: #ffffff; --footerTextColor: #333333; --primaryTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --secondaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --tertiaryTextColor: #999999; --tertiaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --listBorderColor: #000000; --gridBorderColor: #d8d8d8; --buttonBgColor: #ffffff; --buttonTextColor: #333333; --inverseButtonBgColor: #030202; --disabledButtonBgColor: #d8d8d8; --tagButtonBorderColor: #e2dfdd; --tagButtonTextColor: #3761d6; --breakingTextColor: #ffffff; --sectionTextColor: #fe6d01; --primaryHeadlineFont: Open Sans; --secondaryHeadlineFont: Open Sans; --bodyFont: Lora; } </style> <link data-cssvarsponyfill="true" class="Webpack-css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/styleguide/All.min.99953773b3862ad62c30153281eb1d1e.gz.css"> <style>:root { --green-200: #c6f6d5; --green-400: #68d391; --red-100: #fff5f5; --red-300: #feb2b2; --blue-200: #bee3f8; --blue-300: #90cdf4; --gyst-blue: #303891; --promo-line-height: 22px; --quote-1: 1.9rem; } @media screen and (min-width: 1024px) { :root { --quote-1: 2.2rem; } } .Enhancement .Quote { margin: 2rem 0; } .quote-1, .Quote blockquote { font-family: var(--bodyFont), Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4; } @media screen and (min-width: 1024px) { .Enhancement .Quote { margin: 4rem; } } .RichTextBody h2 { font-family: var(--primaryHeadlineFont), Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .alert { padding: 1.5rem 2rem; border: 1px solid transparent; line-height: 1.4; } .alert-success { background-color: var(--green-200); border-color: var(--green-400); } .alert-error { background-color: var(--red-100); border-color: var(--red-300); } .alert-info { background-color: var(--blue-200); border-color: var(--blue-300); } .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_verifiedMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_fallbackMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_basicMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_plusMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_paymentForm, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_paymentSuccess { border-top: none; padding-top: 0; } /* BS inserts links without href as span.Link, see /data-protection/ */ span.Link { cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); } /* Fix remnant padding on unsold, collapsed adslots */ .OcelotAdModule.OcelotAdModule { padding: 0; } .OcelotAdModule.OcelotAdModule > div { padding: 20px 0; } .Page-aside .OcelotAdModule.OcelotAdModule > div { padding: 0; } /* #desktop_article_leaderboard_header is rendered on mobile too :/ */ #desktop_index_leaderboard, #desktop_article_leaderboard_header { display: none; } @media screen and (min-width: 1024px) { #desktop_index_leaderboard, #desktop_article_leaderboard_header { display: inherit; height: 290px; } } /* fix padding around Carousel ads on desktop */ .flickity-enabled.is-fullscreen + .FullscreenCarousel-aside { padding: 0; } /* Ensure that on device rotation desktop>mobile, the 300x600 doesn't spill out before the ad is refreshed */ .FullscreenCarousel-aside { overflow: hidden; } @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) { /* Force a 50px blank space below the captions, so they're not obscured by `mobile_footer` ad slot */ /* FIXME: this should target Basic/anon users only! (but we can't ID them at present) */ .FullscreenCarousel-slides.flickity-enabled.is-fullscreen { padding-bottom: 50px; } /* hide the desktop gallery ad if the user has rotated to portrait */ #slideshow { display: none; } } @media screen and (min-width: 1025px) { /* hide mobile gallery ads if the user has rotated to landscape */ #mobile_footer, [id^='Mobile_Gallery_'] { display: none; } } .ListD-header-title, /* Index: Latest News */ .ListE-header-title, /* Home: Latest News, Top Stories, Review, Features */ .ListF-header-title, /* Home: Popular Photo Galleries */ .ListG-header-title, /* Home: H1 "NEW TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE NEWS" */ .ListJ-header-title { /* Article: Latest News */ color: #aaa; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: 1.5px; } @media screen and (min-width: 375px) { .ListD-header-title, .ListE-header-title, .ListF-header-title, .ListG-header-title, .ListJ-header-title { font-size: 18px; } } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { /* allow the lead description to fill the available space */ .Page-pageLead .PromoC-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 8); } } /* create space under lead underline */ .HomePage-content .ListG-items { margin-bottom: 40px; } .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoB-description, ps-list-loadmore .PromoB-description { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.375; } /* ensure 3-line titles don't have descenders truncated */ .PromoB-title { max-height: 73px; } /* override specificity on tag pages */ .ListD .PromoB-title, .ListG .PromoB-title { max-height: 73px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) { .PromoB-title { max-height: 87px; } /* override specificity on tag pages */ .ListD .PromoB-title, .ListG .PromoB-title { max-height: 87px; } } /* Adjust max-height on descriptions: JS truncate() will add an ellipsis if required */ .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoC-description, .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoB-description, ps-list-loadmore .PromoB-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 6); } /* .SectionPage-content three cols */ .ListD .PromoB-description { /* top stories */ max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 6); } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoC-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 5); } ps-list-loadmore .PromoB-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 6); } .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoB-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 4); display: none; } /* .SectionPage-content three cols */ .ListD .PromoB-description { /* top stories */ max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 5); } } /* make the first headline match subsequent articles on mobile... */ .Page-pageLead .PromoC-title { font-size: var(--title-4); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.4; } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { /* ...and reinstate more prominent styles in desktop layout */ .Page-pageLead .PromoC-title { font-size: var(--title-3); } /* Bring down Top Stories carousel font-size on desktop */ .ListF .PromoB-title { font-size: var(--title-4); } } /* constrain text width on plus articles */ .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body h2, .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body h3, .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body ol, .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body ul { max-width: 748px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } /* prevent ads bunching up after last para */ .ArticlePage-articleBody .RichTextBody p:last-of-type { margin-bottom: 30px; } /* Button */ .ButtonInverse { color: white; } .ButtonInverse.ButtonInverse:hover { color: black; text-decoration: none; } .ButtonDisabled, .ButtonDisabled { cursor: not-allowed; } .ButtonDisabled.ButtonDisabled:hover { color: white; } /* .page-subscribe */ .page-subscribe .UserProfilePage-body .RichTextModule { border: none; } .page-subscribe.UserProfilePage .RichTextModule .RichTextBody { font-size: var(--var-description-1); } .subscribePage__wrapper { display: flex; flex-flow: column nowrap; align-items: center; } .subscribePage--join-plus-cta, .subscribePage--only-us-au, .subscribePage--or-basic { margin-bottom: 2rem; } .subscribePage--only-us-au { display: none; font-style: italic; font-weight: bolder; } /* newsletter-subscription & page-profile */ .UserProfilePage.page-profile .Page-footer-content, .UserProfilePage.page-other .Page-footer-content { /* hide duplicate newsletter subscribe form */ display: none; } /* .page-welcome */ .page-welcome.UserProfilePage .RichTextModule .RichTextBody { font-size: var(--var-description-1); } .welcomePage__verifiedMessage { margin-bottom: 2rem; } .welcomePage__fallbackMessage { } .welcomePage__basicMessage, .welcomePage__plusMessage, .welcomeAndUpgradePage__paymentSuccess { display: none; } .welcomePage__basicMessageCta .ButtonInverse, .welcomeAndUpgradePage__paymentSuccess .ButtonInverse { margin-top: 2rem; } .welcomePage__basicMessageCta, .welcomeAndUpgradePage__paymentSuccessCta { text-align: center; } /* Reduce the gap between Column descendents on Section pages (esp carousels) */ .SectionPage .OneColumnContainer-column > * { margin-bottom: 2rem; } /* Circlular mask for bio images on /about */ .Page .ListD .PromoB-content { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-media { width: 80%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; aspect-ratio: 1/1; border-radius: 100%; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-media img { width: 150%; max-width: initial; margin-left: -25%; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-title { margin-top: 1rem; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-description { margin-top: 0; } </style> <style>.Enhancement .InstagramUrl iframe { min-height:600px; }</style> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=5"> <title>Science - New Atlas</title> <meta name="description" content="The latest in science news, from space to quantum physics to biology and the environment."> <link rel="canonical" href="https://newatlas.com/science/"> <meta name="brightspot.contentId" content="0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe410000"> <meta property="og:title" content="Science"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://newatlas.com/science/"> <meta property="og:description" content="The latest in science news, from the depths of space to the quantum realm."> <meta property="og:site_name" content="New Atlas"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The latest in science news, from the depths of space to the quantum realm."/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@nwtls"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Science"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="38456013908"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon"sizes="180x180"href="/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="icon"type="image/png"href="/favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon"type="image/png"href="/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"> <link type="application/rss+xml" rel="alternate" title="Science" href="https://newatlas.com/science/index.rss"> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://newatlas.com/#organization","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","height":60,"url":"https://assets.newatlas.com/c7/67/edd45d164cf99d6725d069f296b7/newatlas-logo.png","width":600},"name":"New Atlas","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/nwtls","https://www.instagram.com/new.atlas/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/new-atlas/","https://www.pinterest.com/newatlasdotcom","https://twitter.com/nwtls","https://flipboard.com/@NewAtlas"],"url":"https://newatlas.com"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://newatlas.com/#website","potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","query-input":"required name=search_term_string","target":"https://newatlas.com/search/?q={search_term_string}"},"publisher":{"@id":"https://newatlas.com/#organization"},"url":"https://newatlas.com"},{"@type":"CollectionPage","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https://newatlas.com/#organization"},"description":"The latest in science news, from space to quantum physics to biology and the environment.","@id":"https://newatlas.com/science/#webpage","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://newatlas.com/#website"},"inLanguage":"en-US","publisher":{"@id":"https://newatlas.com/#organization"},"speakable":{"@type":"SpeakableSpecification","cssSelector":[".Page-pageHeading",".Page-pageSubHeading"]},"name":"Science - New Atlas","url":"https://newatlas.com/science/"}]}</script>  <script src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/webcomponents-loader/webcomponents-loader.ce44f83d1399e8dd41e607b70e0642c9.gz.js"></script> <script class="bsp-web-components"> /** For the fastest load times https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/insights/BlockingJS and to prevent any FOUC, as well as prevent any race conditions for browsers that also rely on the CSS variables polyfill, this is inlined. **/ if (!window.customElements) { (function(){ 'use strict';var h=new function(){};var aa=new Set("annotation-xml color-profile font-face font-face-src font-face-uri font-face-format font-face-name missing-glyph".split(" "));function m(b){var a=aa.has(b);b=/^[a-z][.0-9_a-z]*-[\-.0-9_a-z]*$/.test(b);return!a&&b}function n(b){var a=b.isConnected;if(void 0!==a)return a;for(;b&&!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document);)b=b.parentNode||(window.ShadowRoot&&b instanceof ShadowRoot?b.host:void 0);return!(!b||!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document))} function p(b,a){for(;a&&a!==b&&!a.nextSibling;)a=a.parentNode;return a&&a!==b?a.nextSibling:null} function t(b,a,c){c=c?c:new Set;for(var d=b;d;){if(d.nodeType===Node.ELEMENT_NODE){var e=d;a(e);var f=e.localName;if("link"===f&&"import"===e.getAttribute("rel")){d=e.import;if(d instanceof Node&&!c.has(d))for(c.add(d),d=d.firstChild;d;d=d.nextSibling)t(d,a,c);d=p(b,e);continue}else if("template"===f){d=p(b,e);continue}if(e=e.__CE_shadowRoot)for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling)t(e,a,c)}d=d.firstChild?d.firstChild:p(b,d)}}function u(b,a,c){b[a]=c};function v(){this.a=new Map;this.s=new Map;this.f=[];this.b=!1}function ba(b,a,c){b.a.set(a,c);b.s.set(c.constructor,c)}function w(b,a){b.b=!0;b.f.push(a)}function x(b,a){b.b&&t(a,function(a){return y(b,a)})}function y(b,a){if(b.b&&!a.__CE_patched){a.__CE_patched=!0;for(var c=0;c<b.f.length;c++)b.f[c](a)}}function z(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state?b.connectedCallback(d):A(b,d)}} function B(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(d)}} function C(b,a,c){c=c?c:{};var d=c.w||new Set,e=c.i||function(a){return A(b,a)},f=[];t(a,function(a){if("link"===a.localName&&"import"===a.getAttribute("rel")){var c=a.import;c instanceof Node&&(c.__CE_isImportDocument=!0,c.__CE_hasRegistry=!0);c&&"complete"===c.readyState?c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0:a.addEventListener("load",function(){var c=a.import;if(!c.__CE_documentLoadHandled){c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0;var f=new Set(d);f.delete(c);C(b,c,{w:f,i:e})}})}else f.push(a)},d);if(b.b)for(a=0;a< f.length;a++)y(b,f[a]);for(a=0;a<f.length;a++)e(f[a])} function A(b,a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var c=a.ownerDocument;if(c.defaultView||c.__CE_isImportDocument&&c.__CE_hasRegistry)if(c=b.a.get(a.localName)){c.constructionStack.push(a);var d=c.constructor;try{try{if(new d!==a)throw Error("The custom element constructor did not produce the element being upgraded.");}finally{c.constructionStack.pop()}}catch(r){throw a.__CE_state=2,r;}a.__CE_state=1;a.__CE_definition=c;if(c.attributeChangedCallback)for(c=c.observedAttributes,d=0;d<c.length;d++){var e=c[d], f=a.getAttribute(e);null!==f&&b.attributeChangedCallback(a,e,null,f,null)}n(a)&&b.connectedCallback(a)}}}v.prototype.connectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.connectedCallback&&a.connectedCallback.call(b)};v.prototype.disconnectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.disconnectedCallback&&a.disconnectedCallback.call(b)}; v.prototype.attributeChangedCallback=function(b,a,c,d,e){var f=b.__CE_definition;f.attributeChangedCallback&&-1<f.observedAttributes.indexOf(a)&&f.attributeChangedCallback.call(b,a,c,d,e)};function D(b,a){this.c=b;this.a=a;this.b=void 0;C(this.c,this.a);"loading"===this.a.readyState&&(this.b=new MutationObserver(this.f.bind(this)),this.b.observe(this.a,{childList:!0,subtree:!0}))}function E(b){b.b&&b.b.disconnect()}D.prototype.f=function(b){var a=this.a.readyState;"interactive"!==a&&"complete"!==a||E(this);for(a=0;a<b.length;a++)for(var c=b[a].addedNodes,d=0;d<c.length;d++)C(this.c,c[d])};function ca(){var b=this;this.b=this.a=void 0;this.f=new Promise(function(a){b.b=a;b.a&&a(b.a)})}function F(b){if(b.a)throw Error("Already resolved.");b.a=void 0;b.b&&b.b(void 0)};function G(b){this.j=!1;this.c=b;this.o=new Map;this.l=function(b){return b()};this.g=!1;this.m=[];this.u=new D(b,document)} G.prototype.define=function(b,a){var c=this;if(!(a instanceof Function))throw new TypeError("Custom element constructors must be functions.");if(!m(b))throw new SyntaxError("The element name '"+b+"' is not valid.");if(this.c.a.get(b))throw Error("A custom element with name '"+b+"' has already been defined.");if(this.j)throw Error("A custom element is already being defined.");this.j=!0;var d,e,f,r,k;try{var g=function(b){var a=l[b];if(void 0!==a&&!(a instanceof Function))throw Error("The '"+b+"' callback must be a function."); return a},l=a.prototype;if(!(l instanceof Object))throw new TypeError("The custom element constructor's prototype is not an object.");d=g("connectedCallback");e=g("disconnectedCallback");f=g("adoptedCallback");r=g("attributeChangedCallback");k=a.observedAttributes||[]}catch(q){return}finally{this.j=!1}a={localName:b,constructor:a,connectedCallback:d,disconnectedCallback:e,adoptedCallback:f,attributeChangedCallback:r,observedAttributes:k,constructionStack:[]};ba(this.c,b,a);this.m.push(a);this.g|| (this.g=!0,this.l(function(){return da(c)}))};G.prototype.i=function(b){C(this.c,b)};function da(b){if(!1!==b.g){b.g=!1;for(var a=b.m,c=[],d=new Map,e=0;e<a.length;e++)d.set(a[e].localName,[]);C(b.c,document,{i:function(a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var e=a.localName,f=d.get(e);f?f.push(a):b.c.a.get(e)&&c.push(a)}}});for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)A(b.c,c[e]);for(;0<a.length;){for(var f=a.shift(),e=f.localName,f=d.get(f.localName),r=0;r<f.length;r++)A(b.c,f[r]);(e=b.o.get(e))&&F(e)}}} G.prototype.get=function(b){if(b=this.c.a.get(b))return b.constructor};G.prototype.whenDefined=function(b){if(!m(b))return Promise.reject(new SyntaxError("'"+b+"' is not a valid custom element name."));var a=this.o.get(b);if(a)return a.f;a=new ca;this.o.set(b,a);this.c.a.get(b)&&!this.m.some(function(a){return a.localName===b})&&F(a);return a.f};G.prototype.v=function(b){E(this.u);var a=this.l;this.l=function(c){return b(function(){return a(c)})}};window.CustomElementRegistry=G; G.prototype.define=G.prototype.define;G.prototype.upgrade=G.prototype.i;G.prototype.get=G.prototype.get;G.prototype.whenDefined=G.prototype.whenDefined;G.prototype.polyfillWrapFlushCallback=G.prototype.v;var H=window.Document.prototype.createElement,ea=window.Document.prototype.createElementNS,fa=window.Document.prototype.importNode,ga=window.Document.prototype.prepend,ha=window.Document.prototype.append,ia=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.prepend,ja=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.append,I=window.Node.prototype.cloneNode,J=window.Node.prototype.appendChild,K=window.Node.prototype.insertBefore,L=window.Node.prototype.removeChild,M=window.Node.prototype.replaceChild,N=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Node.prototype, "textContent"),O=window.Element.prototype.attachShadow,P=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Element.prototype,"innerHTML"),Q=window.Element.prototype.getAttribute,R=window.Element.prototype.setAttribute,S=window.Element.prototype.removeAttribute,T=window.Element.prototype.getAttributeNS,U=window.Element.prototype.setAttributeNS,ka=window.Element.prototype.removeAttributeNS,la=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ma=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML,na=window.Element.prototype.prepend, oa=window.Element.prototype.append,V=window.Element.prototype.before,pa=window.Element.prototype.after,qa=window.Element.prototype.replaceWith,ra=window.Element.prototype.remove,sa=window.HTMLElement,W=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.HTMLElement.prototype,"innerHTML"),ta=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ua=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML;function va(){var b=X;window.HTMLElement=function(){function a(){var a=this.constructor,d=b.s.get(a);if(!d)throw Error("The custom element being constructed was not registered with `customElements`.");var e=d.constructionStack;if(!e.length)return e=H.call(document,d.localName),Object.setPrototypeOf(e,a.prototype),e.__CE_state=1,e.__CE_definition=d,y(b,e),e;var d=e.length-1,f=e[d];if(f===h)throw Error("The HTMLElement constructor was either called reentrantly for this constructor or called multiple times."); e[d]=h;Object.setPrototypeOf(f,a.prototype);y(b,f);return f}a.prototype=sa.prototype;return a}()};function Y(b,a,c){function d(a){return function(c){for(var e=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)e[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],f=[],l=0;l<e.length;l++){var q=e[l];q instanceof Element&&n(q)&&f.push(q);if(q instanceof DocumentFragment)for(q=q.firstChild;q;q=q.nextSibling)d.push(q);else d.push(q)}a.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<f.length;e++)B(b,f[e]);if(n(this))for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)f=d[e],f instanceof Element&&z(b,f)}}c.h&&(a.prepend=d(c.h));c.append&&(a.append=d(c.append))};function wa(){var b=X;u(Document.prototype,"createElement",function(a){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry){var c=b.a.get(a);if(c)return new c.constructor}a=H.call(this,a);y(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"importNode",function(a,c){a=fa.call(this,a,c);this.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"createElementNS",function(a,c){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry&&(null===a||"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"===a)){var d=b.a.get(c);if(d)return new d.constructor}a=ea.call(this,a,c);y(b,a);return a}); Y(b,Document.prototype,{h:ga,append:ha})};function xa(){var b=X;function a(a,d){Object.defineProperty(a,"textContent",{enumerable:d.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:d.get,set:function(a){if(this.nodeType===Node.TEXT_NODE)d.set.call(this,a);else{var e=void 0;if(this.firstChild){var c=this.childNodes,k=c.length;if(0<k&&n(this))for(var e=Array(k),g=0;g<k;g++)e[g]=c[g]}d.set.call(this,a);if(e)for(a=0;a<e.length;a++)B(b,e[a])}}})}u(Node.prototype,"insertBefore",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes); a=K.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}e=n(a);d=K.call(this,a,d);e&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return d});u(Node.prototype,"appendChild",function(a){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var c=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=J.call(this,a);if(n(this))for(var e=0;e<c.length;e++)z(b,c[e]);return a}c=n(a);e=J.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"cloneNode",function(a){a=I.call(this,a);this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a); return a});u(Node.prototype,"removeChild",function(a){var c=n(a),e=L.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"replaceChild",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=M.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(B(b,d),d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}var e=n(a),f=M.call(this,a,d),c=n(this);c&&B(b,d);e&&B(b,a);c&&z(b,a);return f});N&&N.get?a(Node.prototype,N):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){for(var a=[],b= 0;b<this.childNodes.length;b++)a.push(this.childNodes[b].textContent);return a.join("")},set:function(a){for(;this.firstChild;)L.call(this,this.firstChild);J.call(this,document.createTextNode(a))}})})};function ya(b){var a=Element.prototype;function c(a){return function(e){for(var c=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)c[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],k=[],g=0;g<c.length;g++){var l=c[g];l instanceof Element&&n(l)&&k.push(l);if(l instanceof DocumentFragment)for(l=l.firstChild;l;l=l.nextSibling)d.push(l);else d.push(l)}a.apply(this,c);for(c=0;c<k.length;c++)B(b,k[c]);if(n(this))for(c=0;c<d.length;c++)k=d[c],k instanceof Element&&z(b,k)}}V&&(a.before=c(V));V&&(a.after=c(pa));qa&&u(a,"replaceWith",function(a){for(var e= [],c=0;c<arguments.length;++c)e[c-0]=arguments[c];for(var c=[],d=[],k=0;k<e.length;k++){var g=e[k];g instanceof Element&&n(g)&&d.push(g);if(g instanceof DocumentFragment)for(g=g.firstChild;g;g=g.nextSibling)c.push(g);else c.push(g)}k=n(this);qa.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)B(b,d[e]);if(k)for(B(b,this),e=0;e<c.length;e++)d=c[e],d instanceof Element&&z(b,d)});ra&&u(a,"remove",function(){var a=n(this);ra.call(this);a&&B(b,this)})};function za(){var b=X;function a(a,c){Object.defineProperty(a,"innerHTML",{enumerable:c.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:c.get,set:function(a){var e=this,d=void 0;n(this)&&(d=[],t(this,function(a){a!==e&&d.push(a)}));c.set.call(this,a);if(d)for(var f=0;f<d.length;f++){var r=d[f];1===r.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(r)}this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,this):x(b,this);return a}})}function c(a,c){u(a,"insertAdjacentElement",function(a,e){var d=n(e);a=c.call(this,a,e);d&&B(b,e);n(a)&&z(b,e); return a})}function d(a,c){function e(a,e){for(var c=[];a!==e;a=a.nextSibling)c.push(a);for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)C(b,c[e])}u(a,"insertAdjacentHTML",function(a,b){a=a.toLowerCase();if("beforebegin"===a){var d=this.previousSibling;c.call(this,a,b);e(d||this.parentNode.firstChild,this)}else if("afterbegin"===a)d=this.firstChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(this.firstChild,d);else if("beforeend"===a)d=this.lastChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(d||this.firstChild,null);else if("afterend"===a)d=this.nextSibling,c.call(this, a,b),e(this.nextSibling,d);else throw new SyntaxError("The value provided ("+String(a)+") is not one of 'beforebegin', 'afterbegin', 'beforeend', or 'afterend'.");})}O&&u(Element.prototype,"attachShadow",function(a){return this.__CE_shadowRoot=a=O.call(this,a)});P&&P.get?a(Element.prototype,P):W&&W.get?a(HTMLElement.prototype,W):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){return I.call(this,!0).innerHTML},set:function(a){var b="template"===this.localName,e=b?this.content:this, c=H.call(document,this.localName);for(c.innerHTML=a;0<e.childNodes.length;)L.call(e,e.childNodes[0]);for(a=b?c.content:c;0<a.childNodes.length;)J.call(e,a.childNodes[0])}})});u(Element.prototype,"setAttribute",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return R.call(this,a,c);var e=Q.call(this,a);R.call(this,a,c);c=Q.call(this,a);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,e,c,null)});u(Element.prototype,"setAttributeNS",function(a,c,d){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return U.call(this,a,c,d);var e=T.call(this,a,c);U.call(this, a,c,d);d=T.call(this,a,c);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,e,d,a)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttribute",function(a){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return S.call(this,a);var c=Q.call(this,a);S.call(this,a);null!==c&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,c,null,null)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttributeNS",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return ka.call(this,a,c);var d=T.call(this,a,c);ka.call(this,a,c);var e=T.call(this,a,c);d!==e&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,d,e,a)});ta?c(HTMLElement.prototype, ta):la?c(Element.prototype,la):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentElement` was not patched.");ua?d(HTMLElement.prototype,ua):ma?d(Element.prototype,ma):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentHTML` was not patched.");Y(b,Element.prototype,{h:na,append:oa});ya(b)}; /* Copyright (c) 2016 The Polymer Project Authors. All rights reserved. This code may only be used under the BSD style license found at http://polymer.github.io/LICENSE.txt The complete set of authors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/AUTHORS.txt The complete set of contributors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/CONTRIBUTORS.txt Code distributed by Google as part of the polymer project is also subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATENTS.txt */ var Z=window.customElements;if(!Z||Z.forcePolyfill||"function"!=typeof Z.define||"function"!=typeof Z.get){var X=new v;va();wa();Y(X,DocumentFragment.prototype,{h:ia,append:ja});xa();za();document.__CE_hasRegistry=!0;var customElements=new G(X);Object.defineProperty(window,"customElements",{configurable:!0,enumerable:!0,value:customElements})}; }).call(self); } /** This allows us to load the IE polyfills via feature detection so that they do not load needlessly in the browsers that do not need them. It also ensures they are loaded non async so that they load before the rest of our JS. */ if (!window.CSS || !window.CSS.supports || !window.CSS.supports('--fake-var', 0)) { var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; var script = document.createElement('script'); script.setAttribute('src', "/styleguide/util/IEPolyfills.js"); script.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); script.async = false; head.appendChild(script); } </script> <script src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/styleguide/All.min.aca6dc0df8b27104c892b6d3a0bf99f0.gz.js" async></script> <script>window.newatlas = window.newatlas || {}; Object.assign(window.newatlas, {"isSubscribed":null,"view":"UmbrellaCategory","subCategory":null,"tagSlugs":[],"userMode":"anon","subscriptionExpiration":null,"countryCode":"SG","articleId":null,"writer":null,"category":"Science","buildInformation":"#local"});</script> <script id="ocelot-init"> var ocelot = ocelot || {}; ocelot.googleMayTargetAds=true;ocelot.pageType = 'i';ocelot.category = 'Science';ocelot.desktop_index_leaderboard = '/1007667/AMP1';newatlas.mark("[NA] ocelot.init"); </script><script src="https://cdn.ocelot.studio/clients/newatlas.js" async></script> <script id="ocelot-load"> document.querySelector('[src*="cdn.ocelot.studio/clients/newatlas.js"]').addEventListener('load', () => { newatlas.mark("[NA] ocelot.load"); }); </script><script id="taboola-head" type="text/javascript"> newatlas = window.newatlas || {} newatlas.mark('[NA] taboola-head') window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({'category':'auto'}); /** vendor script with logging tweaks */ function loadTaboola(initr) { newatlas.mark('[NA] loadTaboola via ' + initr); !(function (e, f, u, i) { if (!document.getElementById(i)) { e.async = 1; e.src = u; e.id = i; e.addEventListener('load', function() { newatlas.mark('[NA] tb_loader_script.load') }) f.parentNode.insertBefore(e, f); } })( document.createElement("script"), document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], "//cdn.taboola.com/libtrc/newatlas/loader.js", "tb_loader_script" ); newatlas.mark("tbl_ic"); } let tblLoaded = null window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function (event) { newatlas.mark('[NA] DOMContentLoaded') // mutually exclusive, so we can select a single el from a multi-selector var leadImg = document.querySelector( [ '.HomePage .Page-pageLead .PromoC-media img', '.ArticlePage .FullscreenCarousel-cover img', '.SectionPage main img', // fallback, gets the first image ].join(',') ) if (leadImg) { function leadImgReadyCb(initr = "load") { if (tblLoaded) return; tblLoaded = true; loadTaboola("leadImg." + initr); } if (leadImg.complete) { newatlas.mark("[NA] leadImg.complete"); leadImgReadyCb("complete"); } else { leadImg.addEventListener("load", function (ev) { newatlas.mark("[NA] leadImg.load"); window.setTimeout(leadImgReadyCb, 200); }); } } }); // fallback, in case we have an issue loading leadImg window.addEventListener("load", function (event) { newatlas.mark('[NA] window.load') if (tblLoaded) return tblLoaded = true loadTaboola('window.load') }); </script><script> // where `meta` is a dict of variables from the BS view: var meta = {view: 'UmbrellaCategory', category: 'Science'} window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; var customDimensions = {}; // if (meta.view) { customDimensions.view = meta.view; } // if (meta.articleId) { customDimensions.article_id = meta.articleId; customDimensions.category = meta.category; customDimensions.subCategory = meta.subCategory; customDimensions.tags = (meta.tagSlugs || []).join(','); customDimensions.writer = meta.writer; } window.dataLayer.push(customDimensions); </script> <script> (function(w,d,s,l,i) { w[l]=w[l]||[]; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event:'gtm.js'}); var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s), dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:''; j.async=true; j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-TGZ8Q3J'); </script> <script> window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId : '38456013908', xfbml : true, version : 'v3.3' }); }; (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script> <script>!function(){var e=document.createElement("script");e.id="sentry",e.async=!0,e.onload=function(){Sentry.init({debug:!1,dsn:"newatlas.com"===window.location.hostname?"https://f6e950147bfd4335b25baedc18204263@o7312.ingest.sentry.io/5270767":"https://2534b9d631664a7fa070404e5b496030@o7312.ingest.sentry.io/5270780",ignoreErrors:["top.GLOBALS","originalCreateNotification","canvas.contentDocument","MyApp_RemoveAllHighlights","http://tt.epicplay.com","Can't find variable: ZiteReader","jigsaw is not defined","ComboSearch is not defined","http://loading.retry.widdit.com/","atomicFindClose","fb_xd_fragment","bmi_SafeAddOnload","EBCallBackMessageReceived","conduitPage","Can't execute code from a freed script","Failed to fetch","NetworkError when attempting to fetch resource.","ResizeObserver loop limit exceeded","Blocked a frame with origin"],denyUrls:[/graph\.facebook\.com/i,/connect\.facebook\.net\/en_US\/all\.js/i,/eatdifferent\.com\.woopra-ns\.com/i,/static\.woopra\.com\/js\/woopra\.js/i,/extensions\//i,/^chrome:\/\//i,/127\.0\.0\.1:4001\/isrunning/i,/webappstoolbarba\.texthelp\.com\//i,/metrics\.itunes\.apple\.com\.edgesuite\.net\//i],beforeSend:function(e,t){var n=t&&t.originalException;if(n&&n.message){if(n.message.match(/Can't execute code from a freed script/i))return null;if(n.message.match(/Illegal invocation/)&&n.stack.indexOf("gpt/pubads_impl_")>-1)return null}return e.user&&e.user.ip_address&&("119.237.146.188"===e.user.ip_address||"81.61.158.86"===e.user.ip_address)||"string"==typeof e.location&&(e.location.indexOf("/rq/iv/inside.js")>-1||e.location.indexOf("/bao-csm/direct/csm_othersv")>-1||e.location.indexOf("/pageFold/ftpagefold_v")>-1)?null:e}}),Sentry.setTag("view",window.meta.view),Sentry.setTag("userMode",window.newatlas.userMode),Sentry.setTag("cc",window.newatlas.countryCode),Sentry.setTag("gdprApplies",window.ocelot?!window.ocelot.googleMayTargetAds:"NA"),Sentry.setTag("configVersion","2020-12-30T15-59-16+1100"),Sentry.setTag("referrer",function(e){if(""===e)return e;var t=document.createElement("a");return t.href=e,t.hostname}(document.referrer)),newatlas.log("Sentry.init")},e.crossOrigin="anonymous",e.integrity="sha384-ir4+BihBClNpjZk3UKgHTr0cwRhujAjy/M5VEGvcOzjhM1Db79GAg9xLxYn4uVK4",e.src="https://browser.sentry-cdn.com/5.29.2/bundle.min.js",document.head.appendChild(e)}();</script> <script id="fonts"> var link = document.createElement('link'); link.setAttribute('href', 'https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,500,600,700|Open+Sans:400,500,600,700|Lora:400,500,600,700'); var relList = link.relList; if (relList && relList.supports('preload')) { link.setAttribute('as', 'style'); link.setAttribute('rel', 'preload'); link.setAttribute('onload', 'this.rel="stylesheet"'); link.setAttribute('crossorigin', 'anonymous'); } else { link.setAttribute('rel', 'stylesheet'); } document.head.appendChild(link); </script> </head> <body class="SectionPage-body">  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display:none" id="iconsMap"> <symbol id="mono-icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 10 19"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2.707 18.25V10.2H0V7h2.707V4.469c0-1.336.375-2.373 1.125-3.112C4.582.62 5.578.25 6.82.25c1.008 0 1.828.047 2.461.14v2.848H7.594c-.633 0-1.067.14-1.301.422-.188.235-.281.61-.281 1.125V7H9l-.422 3.2H6.012v8.05H2.707z"> </path> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-instagram" viewBox="0 0 17 17"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.281 4.207c.727 0 1.4.182 2.022.545a4.055 4.055 0 0 1 1.476 1.477c.364.62.545 1.294.545 2.021 0 .727-.181 1.4-.545 2.021a4.055 4.055 0 0 1-1.476 1.477 3.934 3.934 0 0 1-2.022.545c-.726 0-1.4-.182-2.021-.545a4.055 4.055 0 0 1-1.477-1.477 3.934 3.934 0 0 1-.545-2.021c0-.727.182-1.4.545-2.021A4.055 4.055 0 0 1 6.26 4.752a3.934 3.934 0 0 1 2.021-.545zm0 6.68a2.54 2.54 0 0 0 1.864-.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0 .773-1.863 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-.773-1.863 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-1.864-.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-1.863.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-.773 1.863c0 .727.257 1.348.773 1.863a2.54 2.54 0 0 0 1.863.774zM13.45 4.03c-.023.258-.123.48-.299.668a.856.856 0 0 1-.65.281.913.913 0 0 1-.668-.28.913.913 0 0 1-.281-.669c0-.258.094-.48.281-.668a.913.913 0 0 1 .668-.28c.258 0 .48.093.668.28.187.188.281.41.281.668zm2.672.95c.023.656.035 1.746.035 3.269 0 1.523-.017 2.62-.053 3.287-.035.668-.134 1.248-.298 1.74a4.098 4.098 0 0 1-.967 1.53 4.098 4.098 0 0 1-1.53.966c-.492.164-1.072.264-1.74.3-.668.034-1.763.052-3.287.052-1.523 0-2.619-.018-3.287-.053-.668-.035-1.248-.146-1.74-.334a3.747 3.747 0 0 1-1.53-.931 4.098 4.098 0 0 1-.966-1.53c-.164-.492-.264-1.072-.299-1.74C.424 10.87.406 9.773.406 8.25S.424 5.63.46 4.963c.035-.668.135-1.248.299-1.74.21-.586.533-1.096.967-1.53A4.098 4.098 0 0 1 3.254.727c.492-.164 1.072-.264 1.74-.3C5.662.394 6.758.376 8.281.376c1.524 0 2.62.018 3.287.053.668.035 1.248.135 1.74.299a4.098 4.098 0 0 1 2.496 2.496c.165.492.27 1.078.317 1.757zm-1.687 7.91c.14-.399.234-1.032.28-1.899.024-.515.036-1.242.036-2.18V7.689c0-.961-.012-1.688-.035-2.18-.047-.89-.14-1.524-.281-1.899a2.537 2.537 0 0 0-1.512-1.511c-.375-.14-1.008-.235-1.899-.282a51.292 51.292 0 0 0-2.18-.035H7.72c-.938 0-1.664.012-2.18.035-.867.047-1.5.141-1.898.282a2.537 2.537 0 0 0-1.512 1.511c-.14.375-.234 1.008-.281 1.899a51.292 51.292 0 0 0-.036 2.18v1.125c0 .937.012 1.664.036 2.18.047.866.14 1.5.28 1.898.306.726.81 1.23 1.513 1.511.398.141 1.03.235 1.898.282.516.023 1.242.035 2.18.035h1.125c.96 0 1.687-.012 2.18-.035.89-.047 1.523-.141 1.898-.282.726-.304 1.23-.808 1.512-1.511z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-email" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M67,148.7c11,5.8,163.8,89.1,169.5,92.1c5.7,3,11.5,4.4,20.5,4.4c9,0,14.8-1.4,20.5-4.4c5.7-3,158.5-86.3,169.5-92.1 c4.1-2.1,11-5.9,12.5-10.2c2.6-7.6-0.2-10.5-11.3-10.5H257H65.8c-11.1,0-13.9,3-11.3,10.5C56,142.9,62.9,146.6,67,148.7z"> </path> <path d="M455.7,153.2c-8.2,4.2-81.8,56.6-130.5,88.1l82.2,92.5c2,2,2.9,4.4,1.8,5.6c-1.2,1.1-3.8,0.5-5.9-1.4l-98.6-83.2 c-14.9,9.6-25.4,16.2-27.2,17.2c-7.7,3.9-13.1,4.4-20.5,4.4c-7.4,0-12.8-0.5-20.5-4.4c-1.9-1-12.3-7.6-27.2-17.2l-98.6,83.2 c-2,2-4.7,2.6-5.9,1.4c-1.2-1.1-0.3-3.6,1.7-5.6l82.1-92.5c-48.7-31.5-123.1-83.9-131.3-88.1c-8.8-4.5-9.3,0.8-9.3,4.9 c0,4.1,0,205,0,205c0,9.3,13.7,20.9,23.5,20.9H257h185.5c9.8,0,21.5-11.7,21.5-20.9c0,0,0-201,0-205 C464,153.9,464.6,148.7,455.7,153.2z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-print" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M9 10V7H3v3H1a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3.132A2.868 2.868 0 0 1 9.132 10H9zm.5-4.5a1 1 0 1 0 0-2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2zM3 0h6v2H3z"> </path> <path d="M4 8h4v4H4z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-copylink" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M10.199 2.378c.222.205.4.548.465.897.062.332.016.614-.132.774L8.627 6.106c-.187.203-.512.232-.75-.014a.498.498 0 0 0-.706.028.499.499 0 0 0 .026.706 1.509 1.509 0 0 0 2.165-.04l1.903-2.06c.37-.398.506-.98.382-1.636-.105-.557-.392-1.097-.77-1.445L9.968.8C9.591.452 9.03.208 8.467.145 7.803.072 7.233.252 6.864.653L4.958 2.709a1.509 1.509 0 0 0 .126 2.161.5.5 0 1 0 .68-.734c-.264-.218-.26-.545-.071-.747L7.597 1.33c.147-.16.425-.228.76-.19.353.038.71.188.931.394l.91.843.001.001zM1.8 9.623c-.222-.205-.4-.549-.465-.897-.062-.332-.016-.614.132-.774l1.905-2.057c.187-.203.512-.232.75.014a.498.498 0 0 0 .706-.028.499.499 0 0 0-.026-.706 1.508 1.508 0 0 0-2.165.04L.734 7.275c-.37.399-.506.98-.382 1.637.105.557.392 1.097.77 1.445l.91.843c.376.35.937.594 1.5.656.664.073 1.234-.106 1.603-.507L7.04 9.291a1.508 1.508 0 0 0-.126-2.16.5.5 0 0 0-.68.734c.264.218.26.545.071.747l-1.904 2.057c-.147.16-.425.228-.76.191-.353-.038-.71-.188-.931-.394l-.91-.843z"> </path> <path d="M8.208 3.614a.5.5 0 0 0-.707.028L3.764 7.677a.5.5 0 0 0 .734.68L8.235 4.32a.5.5 0 0 0-.027-.707"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-flipboard" viewBox="0 0 500 500"> <g> <path d="M0,0V500H500V0ZM400,200H300V300H200V400H100V100H400Z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-linkedin" viewBox="0 0 16 17"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M3.734 16.125H.464V5.613h3.27zM2.117 4.172c-.515 0-.96-.188-1.336-.563A1.825 1.825 0 0 1 .22 2.273c0-.515.187-.96.562-1.335.375-.375.82-.563 1.336-.563.516 0 .961.188 1.336.563.375.375.563.82.563 1.335 0 .516-.188.961-.563 1.336-.375.375-.82.563-1.336.563zM15.969 16.125h-3.27v-5.133c0-.844-.07-1.453-.21-1.828-.259-.633-.762-.95-1.512-.95s-1.278.282-1.582.845c-.235.421-.352 1.043-.352 1.863v5.203H5.809V5.613h3.128v1.442h.036c.234-.469.609-.856 1.125-1.16.562-.375 1.218-.563 1.968-.563 1.524 0 2.59.48 3.2 1.441.468.774.703 1.97.703 3.586v5.766z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-pinterest" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M256,32C132.3,32,32,132.3,32,256c0,91.7,55.2,170.5,134.1,205.2c-0.6-15.6-0.1-34.4,3.9-51.4 c4.3-18.2,28.8-122.1,28.8-122.1s-7.2-14.3-7.2-35.4c0-33.2,19.2-58,43.2-58c20.4,0,30.2,15.3,30.2,33.6 c0,20.5-13.1,51.1-19.8,79.5c-5.6,23.8,11.9,43.1,35.4,43.1c42.4,0,71-54.5,71-119.1c0-49.1-33.1-85.8-93.2-85.8 c-67.9,0-110.3,50.7-110.3,107.3c0,19.5,5.8,33.3,14.8,43.9c4.1,4.9,4.7,6.9,3.2,12.5c-1.1,4.1-3.5,14-4.6,18 c-1.5,5.7-6.1,7.7-11.2,5.6c-31.3-12.8-45.9-47-45.9-85.6c0-63.6,53.7-139.9,160.1-139.9c85.5,0,141.8,61.9,141.8,128.3 c0,87.9-48.9,153.5-120.9,153.5c-24.2,0-46.9-13.1-54.7-27.9c0,0-13,51.6-15.8,61.6c-4.7,17.3-14,34.5-22.5,48 c20.1,5.9,41.4,9.2,63.5,9.2c123.7,0,224-100.3,224-224C480,132.3,379.7,32,256,32z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-tumblr" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M321.2,396.3c-11.8,0-22.4-2.8-31.5-8.3c-6.9-4.1-11.5-9.6-14-16.4c-2.6-6.9-3.6-22.3-3.6-46.4V224h96v-64h-96V48h-61.9 c-2.7,21.5-7.5,44.7-14.5,58.6c-7,13.9-14,25.8-25.6,35.7c-11.6,9.9-25.6,17.9-41.9,23.3V224h48v140.4c0,19,2,33.5,5.9,43.5 c4,10,11.1,19.5,21.4,28.4c10.3,8.9,22.8,15.7,37.3,20.5c14.6,4.8,31.4,7.2,50.4,7.2c16.7,0,30.3-1.7,44.7-5.1 c14.4-3.4,30.5-9.3,48.2-17.6v-65.6C363.2,389.4,342.3,396.3,321.2,396.3z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-twitter" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z" /> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-reddit" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M373 138.6c-25.2 0-46.3-17.5-51.9-41l0 0c-30.6 4.3-54.2 30.7-54.2 62.4l0 .2c47.4 1.8 90.6 15.1 124.9 36.3c12.6-9.7 28.4-15.5 45.5-15.5c41.3 0 74.7 33.4 74.7 74.7c0 29.8-17.4 55.5-42.7 67.5c-2.4 86.8-97 156.6-213.2 156.6S45.5 410.1 43 323.4C17.6 311.5 0 285.7 0 255.7c0-41.3 33.4-74.7 74.7-74.7c17.2 0 33 5.8 45.7 15.6c34-21.1 76.8-34.4 123.7-36.4l0-.3c0-44.3 33.7-80.9 76.8-85.5C325.8 50.2 347.2 32 373 32c29.4 0 53.3 23.9 53.3 53.3s-23.9 53.3-53.3 53.3zM157.5 255.3c-20.9 0-38.9 20.8-40.2 47.9s17.1 38.1 38 38.1s36.6-9.8 37.8-36.9s-14.7-49.1-35.7-49.1zM395 303.1c-1.2-27.1-19.2-47.9-40.2-47.9s-36.9 22-35.7 49.1c1.2 27.1 16.9 36.9 37.8 36.9s39.3-11 38-38.1zm-60.1 70.8c1.5-3.6-1-7.7-4.9-8.1c-23-2.3-47.9-3.6-73.8-3.6s-50.8 1.3-73.8 3.6c-3.9 .4-6.4 4.5-4.9 8.1c12.9 30.8 43.3 52.4 78.7 52.4s65.8-21.6 78.7-52.4z" /> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-youtube" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M508.6,148.8c0-45-33.1-81.2-74-81.2C379.2,65,322.7,64,265,64c-3,0-6,0-9,0s-6,0-9,0c-57.6,0-114.2,1-169.6,3.6 c-40.8,0-73.9,36.4-73.9,81.4C1,184.6-0.1,220.2,0,255.8C-0.1,291.4,1,327,3.4,362.7c0,45,33.1,81.5,73.9,81.5 c58.2,2.7,117.9,3.9,178.6,3.8c60.8,0.2,120.3-1,178.6-3.8c40.9,0,74-36.5,74-81.5c2.4-35.7,3.5-71.3,3.4-107 C512.1,220.1,511,184.5,508.6,148.8z M207,353.9V157.4l145,98.2L207,353.9z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-google" viewBox="0 0 46 46"> <defs> <filter x="-50%" y="-50%" width="200%" height="200%" filterUnits="objectBoundingBox" id="filter-1"> <feOffset dx="0" dy="1" in="SourceAlpha" result="shadowOffsetOuter1"></feOffset> <feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.5" in="shadowOffsetOuter1" result="shadowBlurOuter1"></feGaussianBlur> <feColorMatrix values="0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.168 0" in="shadowBlurOuter1" type="matrix" result="shadowMatrixOuter1"></feColorMatrix> <feOffset dx="0" dy="0" in="SourceAlpha" result="shadowOffsetOuter2"></feOffset> <feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.5" in="shadowOffsetOuter2" result="shadowBlurOuter2"></feGaussianBlur> <feColorMatrix values="0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.084 0" in="shadowBlurOuter2" type="matrix" result="shadowMatrixOuter2"></feColorMatrix> <feMerge> <feMergeNode in="shadowMatrixOuter1"></feMergeNode> <feMergeNode in="shadowMatrixOuter2"></feMergeNode> <feMergeNode in="SourceGraphic"></feMergeNode> </feMerge> </filter> <rect id="path-2" x="0" y="0" width="40" height="40" rx="2"></rect> </defs> <g id="Google-Button" stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" sketch:type="MSPage"> <g id="9-PATCH" sketch:type="MSArtboardGroup" transform="translate(-668.000000, -160.000000)"></g> <g id="btn_google_light_focus" sketch:type="MSArtboardGroup" transform="translate(-1.000000, -1.000000)"> <g id="button" sketch:type="MSLayerGroup" transform="translate(4.000000, 4.000000)" filter="url(#filter-1)"> <g id="button-bg"> <use fill="#FFFFFF" fill-rule="evenodd" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> <use fill="none" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> <use fill="none" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> <use fill="none" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> </g> </g> <g id="logo_googleg_48dp" sketch:type="MSLayerGroup" transform="translate(15.000000, 15.000000)"> <path d="M17.64,9.20454545 C17.64,8.56636364 17.5827273,7.95272727 17.4763636,7.36363636 L9,7.36363636 L9,10.845 L13.8436364,10.845 C13.635,11.97 13.0009091,12.9231818 12.0477273,13.5613636 L12.0477273,15.8195455 L14.9563636,15.8195455 C16.6581818,14.2527273 17.64,11.9454545 17.64,9.20454545 L17.64,9.20454545 Z" id="Shape" fill="#4285F4" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M9,18 C11.43,18 13.4672727,17.1940909 14.9563636,15.8195455 L12.0477273,13.5613636 C11.2418182,14.1013636 10.2109091,14.4204545 9,14.4204545 C6.65590909,14.4204545 4.67181818,12.8372727 3.96409091,10.71 L0.957272727,10.71 L0.957272727,13.0418182 C2.43818182,15.9831818 5.48181818,18 9,18 L9,18 Z" id="Shape" fill="#34A853" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M3.96409091,10.71 C3.78409091,10.17 3.68181818,9.59318182 3.68181818,9 C3.68181818,8.40681818 3.78409091,7.83 3.96409091,7.29 L3.96409091,4.95818182 L0.957272727,4.95818182 C0.347727273,6.17318182 0,7.54772727 0,9 C0,10.4522727 0.347727273,11.8268182 0.957272727,13.0418182 L3.96409091,10.71 L3.96409091,10.71 Z" id="Shape" fill="#FBBC05" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M9,3.57954545 C10.3213636,3.57954545 11.5077273,4.03363636 12.4404545,4.92545455 L15.0218182,2.34409091 C13.4631818,0.891818182 11.4259091,0 9,0 C5.48181818,0 2.43818182,2.01681818 0.957272727,4.95818182 L3.96409091,7.29 C4.67181818,5.16272727 6.65590909,3.57954545 9,3.57954545 L9,3.57954545 Z" id="Shape" fill="#EA4335" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M0,0 L18,0 L18,18 L0,18 L0,0 Z" id="Shape" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> </g> <g id="handles_square" sketch:type="MSLayerGroup"></g> </g> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-comments" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M256 32C114.6 32 0 125.1 0 240c0 49.6 21.4 95 57 130.7C44.5 421.1 2.7 466 2.2 466.5a8 8 0 00-1.5 8.7c1.3 3 4.1 4.8 7.3 4.8 66.3 0 116-31.8 140.6-51.4A305 305 0 00256 448c141.4 0 256-93.1 256-208S397.4 32 256 32z"> </path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-magnify" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M337.509,305.372h-17.501l-6.571-5.486c20.791-25.232,33.922-57.054,33.922-93.257 C347.358,127.632,283.896,64,205.135,64C127.452,64,64,127.632,64,206.629s63.452,142.628,142.225,142.628 c35.011,0,67.831-13.167,92.991-34.008l6.561,5.487v17.551L415.18,448L448,415.086L337.509,305.372z M206.225,305.372 c-54.702,0-98.463-43.887-98.463-98.743c0-54.858,43.761-98.742,98.463-98.742c54.7,0,98.462,43.884,98.462,98.742 C304.687,261.485,260.925,305.372,206.225,305.372z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="burger-menu" viewBox="0 0 14 10"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 5.5v-1h14v1H0zM0 1V0h14v1H0zm0 9V9h14v1H0z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="close-x" viewBox="0 0 14 14"> <g> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M6.336 7L0 .664.664 0 7 6.336 13.336 0 14 .664 7.664 7 14 13.336l-.664.664L7 7.664.664 14 0 13.336 6.336 7z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="share-more-arrow" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="enable-background:new 0 0 512 512;"> <g> <g> <path d="M512,241.7L273.643,3.343v156.152c-71.41,3.744-138.015,33.337-188.958,84.28C30.075,298.384,0,370.991,0,448.222v60.436 l29.069-52.985c45.354-82.671,132.173-134.027,226.573-134.027c5.986,0,12.004,0.212,18.001,0.632v157.779L512,241.7z M255.642,290.666c-84.543,0-163.661,36.792-217.939,98.885c26.634-114.177,129.256-199.483,251.429-199.483h15.489V78.131 l163.568,163.568L304.621,405.267V294.531l-13.585-1.683C279.347,291.401,267.439,290.666,255.642,290.666z"> </path> </g> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="chevron" viewBox="0 0 100 100"> <g> <path d="M22.4566257,37.2056786 L-21.4456527,71.9511488 C-22.9248661,72.9681457 -24.9073712,72.5311671 -25.8758148,70.9765924 L-26.9788683,69.2027424 C-27.9450684,67.6481676 -27.5292733,65.5646602 -26.0500598,64.5484493 L20.154796,28.2208967 C21.5532435,27.2597011 23.3600078,27.2597011 24.759951,28.2208967 L71.0500598,64.4659264 C72.5292733,65.4829232 72.9450684,67.5672166 71.9788683,69.1217913 L70.8750669,70.8956413 C69.9073712,72.4502161 67.9241183,72.8848368 66.4449048,71.8694118 L22.4566257,37.2056786 Z" id="Transparent-Chevron" transform="translate(22.500000, 50.000000) rotate(90.000000) translate(-22.500000, -50.000000) "></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="play-arrow" viewBox="0 0 30 30"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M9 9l12 6-12 6z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="bookmark" viewBox="0 0 9 12"> <g> <path fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M.5.5v10.997l3.431-2.374a1 1 0 0 1 1.138 0L8.5 11.497V.5h-8z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="heart" viewBox="0 0 14 12"> <g> <path fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10.24.5c-1.098 0-2.152.576-2.808 1.7L7 2.938l-.432-.74C5.912 1.076 4.858.5 3.76.5 1.996.5.5 1.899.5 3.859.5 5.2 1.644 6.912 3.57 8.747a27.774 27.774 0 0 0 3.373 2.738A.099.099 0 0 0 7 11.5a.104.104 0 0 0 .061-.018 27.75 27.75 0 0 0 3.368-2.735C12.356 6.912 13.5 5.201 13.5 3.859 13.5 1.899 12.003.5 10.24.5z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="grid" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <g> <path d="M6.4,5.7 C6.4,6.166669 6.166669,6.4 5.7,6.4 L0.7,6.4 C0.233331,6.4 0,6.166669 0,5.7 L0,0.7 C0,0.233331 0.233331,0 0.7,0 L5.7,0 C6.166669,0 6.4,0.233331 6.4,0.7 L6.4,5.7 Z M19.2,5.7 C19.2,6.166669 18.966669,6.4 18.5,6.4 L13.5,6.4 C13.033331,6.4 12.8,6.166669 12.8,5.7 L12.8,0.7 C12.8,0.233331 13.033331,0 13.5,0 L18.5,0 C18.966669,0 19.2,0.233331 19.2,0.7 L19.2,5.7 Z M32,5.7 C32,6.166669 31.766669,6.4 31.3,6.4 L26.3,6.4 C25.833331,6.4 25.6,6.166669 25.6,5.7 L25.6,0.7 C25.6,0.233331 25.833331,0 26.3,0 L31.3,0 C31.766669,0 32,0.233331 32,0.7 L32,5.7 Z M6.4,18.5 C6.4,18.966669 6.166669,19.2 5.7,19.2 L0.7,19.2 C0.233331,19.2 0,18.966669 0,18.5 L0,13.5 C0,13.033331 0.233331,12.8 0.7,12.8 L5.7,12.8 C6.166669,12.8 6.4,13.033331 6.4,13.5 L6.4,18.5 Z M19.2,18.5 C19.2,18.966669 18.966669,19.2 18.5,19.2 L13.5,19.2 C13.033331,19.2 12.8,18.966669 12.8,18.5 L12.8,13.5 C12.8,13.033331 13.033331,12.8 13.5,12.8 L18.5,12.8 C18.966669,12.8 19.2,13.033331 19.2,13.5 L19.2,18.5 Z M32,18.5 C32,18.966669 31.766669,19.2 31.3,19.2 L26.3,19.2 C25.833331,19.2 25.6,18.966669 25.6,18.5 L25.6,13.5 C25.6,13.033331 25.833331,12.8 26.3,12.8 L31.3,12.8 C31.766669,12.8 32,13.033331 32,13.5 L32,18.5 Z M6.4,31.3 C6.4,31.766669 6.166669,32 5.7,32 L0.7,32 C0.233331,32 0,31.766669 0,31.3 L0,26.3 C0,25.833331 0.233331,25.6 0.7,25.6 L5.7,25.6 C6.166669,25.6 6.4,25.833331 6.4,26.3 L6.4,31.3 Z M19.2,31.3 C19.2,31.766669 18.966669,32 18.5,32 L13.5,32 C13.033331,32 12.8,31.766669 12.8,31.3 L12.8,26.3 C12.8,25.833331 13.033331,25.6 13.5,25.6 L18.5,25.6 C18.966669,25.6 19.2,25.833331 19.2,26.3 L19.2,31.3 Z M32,31.3 C32,31.766669 31.766669,32 31.3,32 L26.3,32 C25.833331,32 25.6,31.766669 25.6,31.3 L25.6,26.3 C25.6,25.833331 25.833331,25.6 26.3,25.6 L31.3,25.6 C31.766669,25.6 32,25.833331 32,26.3 L32,31.3 Z" id=""></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="filter" viewBox="0 0 16 12"> <path d="M0 2V0h16v2H0zm2.4 5V5h11.2v2H2.4zm2.4 5v-2h6.4v2H4.8z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="googlenews" viewBox="0 0 6550.8 5359.7"> <path fill="#0C9D58" d="M5210.8 3635.7c0 91.2-75.2 165.9-167.1 165.9H1507c-91.9 0-167.1-74.7-167.1-165.9V165.9C1339.9 74.7 1415.1 0 1507 0h3536.8c91.9 0 167.1 74.7 167.1 165.9v3469.8z" /> <polygon opacity=".2" fill="#004D40" points="5210.8,892 3885.3,721.4 5210.8,1077" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#004D40" d="M3339.3 180.9L1332 1077.2l2218.5-807.5v-2.2c-39-83.6-134-122.6-211.2-86.6z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M5043.8 0H1507c-91.9 0-167.1 74.7-167.1 165.9v37.2c0-91.2 75.2-165.9 167.1-165.9h3536.8c91.9 0 167.1 74.7 167.1 165.9v-37.2C5210.8 74.7 5135.7 0 5043.8 0z" /> <path fill="#EA4335" d="M2198.2 3529.1c-23.9 89.1 23.8 180 106 202l3275.8 881c82.2 22 169-32.9 192.8-122l771.7-2880c23.9-89.1-23.8-180-106-202l-3275.8-881c-82.2-22-169 32.9-192.8 122l-771.7 2880z" /> <polygon opacity=".2" fill="#3E2723" points="5806.4,2638.1 5978.7,3684.8 5806.4,4328.1" /> <polygon opacity=".2" fill="#3E2723" points="3900.8,764.1 4055.2,805.6 4151,1451.6" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M6438.6 1408.1l-3275.8-881c-82.2-22-169 32.9-192.8 122l-771.7 2880c-1.3 4.8-1.6 9.7-2.5 14.5l765.9-2858.2c23.9-89.1 110.7-144 192.8-122l3275.8 881c77.7 20.8 123.8 103.3 108.5 187.6l5.9-21.9c23.8-89.1-23.9-180-106.1-202z" /> <path fill="#FFC107" d="M4778.1 3174.4c31.5 86.7-8.1 181.4-88 210.5L1233.4 4643c-80 29.1-171.2-18-202.7-104.7L10.9 1736.5c-31.5-86.7 8.1-181.4 88-210.5L3555.6 267.9c80-29.1 171.2 18 202.7 104.7l1019.8 2801.8z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M24 1771.8c-31.5-86.7 8.1-181.4 88-210.5L3568.7 303.1c79.1-28.8 169 17.1 201.5 102l-11.9-32.6c-31.6-86.7-122.8-133.8-202.7-104.7L98.9 1526c-80 29.1-119.6 123.8-88 210.5l1019.8 2801.8c.3.9.9 1.7 1.3 2.7L24 1771.8z" /> <path fill="#4285F4" d="M5806.4 5192.2c0 92.1-75.4 167.5-167.5 167.5h-4727c-92.1 0-167.5-75.4-167.5-167.5V1619.1c0-92.1 75.4-167.5 167.5-167.5h4727c92.1 0 167.5 75.4 167.5 167.5v3573.1z" /> <path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M4903.8 2866H3489.4v-372.2h1414.4c41.1 0 74.4 33.3 74.4 74.4v223.3c0 41.1-33.3 74.5-74.4 74.5zM4903.8 4280.3H3489.4v-372.2h1414.4c41.1 0 74.4 33.3 74.4 74.4v223.3c0 41.2-33.3 74.5-74.4 74.5zM5127.1 3573.1H3489.4v-372.2h1637.7c41.1 0 74.4 33.3 74.4 74.4v223.3c0 41.2-33.3 74.5-74.4 74.5z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#1A237E" d="M5638.9 5322.5h-4727c-92.1 0-167.5-75.4-167.5-167.5v37.2c0 92.1 75.4 167.5 167.5 167.5h4727c92.1 0 167.5-75.4 167.5-167.5V5155c0 92.1-75.4 167.5-167.5 167.5z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M911.9 1488.8h4727c92.1 0 167.5 75.4 167.5 167.5v-37.2c0-92.1-75.4-167.5-167.5-167.5h-4727c-92.1 0-167.5 75.4-167.5 167.5v37.2c0-92.1 75.4-167.5 167.5-167.5z" /> <path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M2223.9 3238.2v335.7h481.7c-39.8 204.5-219.6 352.8-481.7 352.8-292.4 0-529.5-247.3-529.5-539.7s237.1-539.7 529.5-539.7c131.7 0 249.6 45.3 342.7 134v.2l254.9-254.9c-154.8-144.3-356.7-232.8-597.7-232.8-493.3 0-893.3 399.9-893.3 893.3s399.9 893.3 893.3 893.3c515.9 0 855.3-362.7 855.3-873 0-58.5-5.4-114.9-14.1-169.2h-841.1z" /> <g opacity=".2" fill="#1A237E"> <path d="M2233.2 3573.9v37.2h472.7c3.5-12.2 6.5-24.6 9-37.2h-481.7z" /> <path d="M2233.2 4280.3c-487.1 0-882.9-389.9-892.8-874.7-.1 6.2-.5 12.4-.5 18.6 0 493.4 399.9 893.3 893.3 893.3 515.9 0 855.3-362.7 855.3-873 0-4.1-.5-7.9-.5-12-11.1 497-347.4 847.8-854.8 847.8zM2575.9 2981.3c-93.1-88.6-211.1-134-342.7-134-292.4 0-529.5 247.3-529.5 539.7 0 6.3.7 12.4.9 18.6 9.9-284.2 242.4-521.1 528.6-521.1 131.7 0 249.6 45.3 342.7 134v.2l273.5-273.5c-6.4-6-13.5-11.3-20.1-17.1L2576 2981.5l-.1-.2z" /> </g> <path opacity=".2" fill="#1A237E" d="M4978.2 2828.7v-37.2c0 41.1-33.3 74.4-74.4 74.4H3489.4v37.2h1414.4c41.1.1 74.4-33.2 74.4-74.4zM4903.8 4280.3H3489.4v37.2h1414.4c41.1 0 74.4-33.3 74.4-74.4v-37.2c0 41.1-33.3 74.4-74.4 74.4zM5127.1 3573.1H3489.4v37.2h1637.7c41.1 0 74.4-33.3 74.4-74.4v-37.2c0 41.1-33.3 74.4-74.4 74.4z" /> <radialGradient id="a" cx="1476.404" cy="434.236" r="6370.563" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"> <stop offset="0" stop-color="#fff" stop-opacity=".1" /> <stop offset="1" stop-color="#fff" stop-opacity="0" /> </radialGradient> <path fill="url(#a)" d="M6438.6 1408.1l-1227.7-330.2v-912c0-91.2-75.2-165.9-167.1-165.9H1507c-91.9 0-167.1 74.7-167.1 165.9v908.4L98.9 1526c-80 29.1-119.6 123.8-88 210.5l733.5 2015.4v1440.3c0 92.1 75.4 167.5 167.5 167.5h4727c92.1 0 167.5-75.4 167.5-167.5v-826.9l738.3-2755.2c23.8-89.1-23.9-180-106.1-202z" /> </symbol> </svg> <ps-header class="Page-header" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader"> <div class="Page-header-hamburger-menu"> <div class="Page-header-hamburger-menu-wrapper"> <div class="Page-header-hamburger-menu-content"> <nav class="Navigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="Navigation-items"> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/subscribe/" data-cms-ai="0">SUBSCRIBE</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/login/?sourceUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas.com%2Fscience%2F" data-cms-ai="0">LOG IN</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="Navigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="Navigation-items"> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/" data-cms-ai="0">HOME</a> </div> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" data-current-nav-item><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">SCIENCE</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">View all SCIENCE news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">View all SCIENCE news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">TECH</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TECHNOLOGY news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TECHNOLOGY news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">TRANSPORT</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TRANSPORT news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TRANSPORT news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">LIFESTYLE</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">View all LIFESTYLE news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">View all LIFESTYLE news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">BODY & MIND</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="Page-header-disclaimer">© 2025 New Atlas</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Page-header-logo"> <a class="PageLogo" aria-label="Home page" href="/" data-cms-ai="0" > <img src="https://assets.newatlas.com/a8/5e/5eaad61d47d18e16b6a5669ef0ea/new-atlas-masthead-mini-1.svg" alt="New Atlas Logo" width="252" height="35" /></a> </div> <div class="Page-header-bar"> <button class="Page-header-menu-trigger" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="1"><svg class="burger-menu"><use xlink:href="#burger-menu"></use></svg><svg class="close-x"><use xlink:href="#close-x"></use></svg><span class="label">Menu</span></button> <div class="Page-header-bar-navigation"> <nav class="DropdownNavigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="DropdownNavigation-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/" data-cms-ai="0">HOME</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" data-current-nav-item> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">SCIENCE</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">View all SCIENCE news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe410000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">TECH</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TECHNOLOGY news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe100000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">TRANSPORT</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TRANSPORT news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfdae0000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">LIFESTYLE</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">View all LIFESTYLE news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfddf0000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">BODY & MIND</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbf7cd0000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="Page-header-end"> <div class="Page-header-auth-navigation"> <nav class="DropdownNavigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="DropdownNavigation-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/subscribe/" data-cms-ai="0">SUBSCRIBE</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/login/?sourceUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas.com%2Fscience%2F" data-cms-ai="0">LOG IN</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <button class="Page-header-search-button"><svg class="icon-magnify"><use xlink:href="#icon-magnify"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">Show Search</span><svg class="close-x"><use xlink:href="#close-x"></use></svg></button> <div class="Page-header-search-overlay"> <form class="Page-header-search-form" action="https://newatlas.com/search/#nt=navsearch" novalidate="" autocomplete="off"> <label><input placeholder="Search" type="text" class="Page-header-search-input" name="q" required="true"><span class="sr-only">Search Query</span></label> <button type="submit" class="Page-header-search-submit"><svg><use xlink:href="#icon-magnify"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">Submit Search</span></button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </ps-header> <div class="Page-above" > <div class="Page-above-content"><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_article_leaderboard_header"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_article_leaderboard_header"></div></div></div> </div> <div class="SectionPage-content"> <div class="SectionPage-wrapper"> <main class="SectionPage-main"> <h1 class="Page-pageHeading">Science</h1> <h2 class="Page-pageSubHeading">The latest in science news, from the depths of space to the quantum realm.</h2> <div class="Page-pageLead"> <ps-list-loadmore class="ListD" > <div class="ListD-header" > <div class="ListD-header-title">Top Science News</div> </div> <ul class="ListD-items" data-list-loadmore-items> <li class="ListD-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article" data-image-align="top"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/ancient-tree-earths-magnetic-field-reversal/"aria-label="An ancient tree revealed the tale of Earth's magnetic field reversal" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="An ancient kauri tree log from Ngāwhā, New Zealand" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/440643e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/608x405+56+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd6%2Feb%2F6c9781ec4a40b9c8f3dc87d933ed%2F256746-web.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ea77e6f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/608x405+56+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd6%2Feb%2F6c9781ec4a40b9c8f3dc87d933ed%2F256746-web.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/1246707/2147483647/strip/true/crop/608x405+56+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd6%2Feb%2F6c9781ec4a40b9c8f3dc87d933ed%2F256746-web.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/81b5cd6/2147483647/strip/true/crop/608x405+56+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd6%2Feb%2F6c9781ec4a40b9c8f3dc87d933ed%2F256746-web.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/eab51a1/2147483647/strip/true/crop/608x405+56+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd6%2Feb%2F6c9781ec4a40b9c8f3dc87d933ed%2F256746-web.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a9c5e21/2147483647/strip/true/crop/608x405+56+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd6%2Feb%2F6c9781ec4a40b9c8f3dc87d933ed%2F256746-web.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/fcf7750/2147483647/strip/true/crop/608x405+56+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fd6%2Feb%2F6c9781ec4a40b9c8f3dc87d933ed%2F256746-web.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 263px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/ancient-tree-earths-magnetic-field-reversal/" data-cms-ai="0">An ancient tree revealed the tale of Earth's magnetic field reversal</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">A preserved tree fossil gives an unprecedented view into a moment 42,000 years ago when the Earth’s magnetic field went haywire, triggering environmental chaos, influencing everything from an increase in cave paintings to the Neanderthal extinction.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListD-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article" data-image-align="top"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/molecule-hair-loss-baldness-prevention/"aria-label="Stopping hair loss may be as easy as boosting this "bodyguard" protein" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Scientists discover the critical role MCL-1 has in protecting our hair-producing follicle stem cells" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e464e94/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5760x3840+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2F76%2F210e97e04b98a334edc6942d9aa3%2Fdepositphotos-147515211-xl.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e48c04f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5760x3840+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2F76%2F210e97e04b98a334edc6942d9aa3%2Fdepositphotos-147515211-xl.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/fc08d34/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5760x3840+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2F76%2F210e97e04b98a334edc6942d9aa3%2Fdepositphotos-147515211-xl.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3340504/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5760x3840+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2F76%2F210e97e04b98a334edc6942d9aa3%2Fdepositphotos-147515211-xl.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c31ab55/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5760x3840+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2F76%2F210e97e04b98a334edc6942d9aa3%2Fdepositphotos-147515211-xl.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e9a2324/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5760x3840+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2F76%2F210e97e04b98a334edc6942d9aa3%2Fdepositphotos-147515211-xl.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/f570ad4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5760x3840+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb2%2F76%2F210e97e04b98a334edc6942d9aa3%2Fdepositphotos-147515211-xl.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 263px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/molecule-hair-loss-baldness-prevention/" data-cms-ai="0">Stopping hair loss may be as easy as boosting this "bodyguard" protein</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">We're one step closer to that elusive goal preventing hair loss and enabling new growth, as scientists identify the crucial role that one all-important protein has in protecting the hard-working cells on the production line. </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListD-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article" data-image-align="top"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/new-map-antarctica-without-ice/"aria-label="New map shows Antarctica without its ice" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="NASA rendering of the Antarctic ice based on satellite data" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/bf0e928/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1080x720+100+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F23%2F12%2F0b0f54a747558d594fdb69651951%2Fstill-wideangle-720.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a4549d7/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1080x720+100+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F23%2F12%2F0b0f54a747558d594fdb69651951%2Fstill-wideangle-720.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/6507840/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1080x720+100+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F23%2F12%2F0b0f54a747558d594fdb69651951%2Fstill-wideangle-720.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3d8cc5a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1080x720+100+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F23%2F12%2F0b0f54a747558d594fdb69651951%2Fstill-wideangle-720.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/7945ff8/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1080x720+100+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F23%2F12%2F0b0f54a747558d594fdb69651951%2Fstill-wideangle-720.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/1d77811/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1080x720+100+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F23%2F12%2F0b0f54a747558d594fdb69651951%2Fstill-wideangle-720.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/eecfe28/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1080x720+100+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F23%2F12%2F0b0f54a747558d594fdb69651951%2Fstill-wideangle-720.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 263px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">Science</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/new-map-antarctica-without-ice/" data-cms-ai="0">New map shows Antarctica without its ice</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) has released the most detailed map yet of what Antarctica looks like when you strip away its ubiquitous cover of ice and snow. Derived from 60 years of data, it will help scientists understand ice flows better.</div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="ListJ-nextPage" data-list-loadmore-pagination> <span class="Link" data-href="?00000192-0356-d1d9-a3d7-9fdf7e9d0000-page=2" rel="nofollow">Load More</span> </div> </ps-list-loadmore></div> <div class="OneColumnContainer"> <div class="OneColumnContainer-row"> <div class="OneColumnContainer-column"> <ps-list-loadmore class="ListN" > <div class="ListE-header" > <h2 class="ListE-header-title">Latest Science News</h2> </div> <ul class="ListE-items" data-list-loadmore-items> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/bacteria-cracks-bricks-lunar-soil-moon-iisc/"aria-label="Bacteria could fill cracks in bricks made from lunar soil on the Moon " data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Bricks with artificially created flaws, alongside bricks repaired using the bacteria-filled slurry" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/4521bc9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2d%2Fa7%2Fdb0facf241ea80893eaaecaaee28%2Fbricks-with-artificially-created-flaws-alongside-bricks-repaired-using-the-bacteria-filled-slurry.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ec30b75/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2d%2Fa7%2Fdb0facf241ea80893eaaecaaee28%2Fbricks-with-artificially-created-flaws-alongside-bricks-repaired-using-the-bacteria-filled-slurry.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/4dfa576/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2d%2Fa7%2Fdb0facf241ea80893eaaecaaee28%2Fbricks-with-artificially-created-flaws-alongside-bricks-repaired-using-the-bacteria-filled-slurry.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/0c7b361/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2d%2Fa7%2Fdb0facf241ea80893eaaecaaee28%2Fbricks-with-artificially-created-flaws-alongside-bricks-repaired-using-the-bacteria-filled-slurry.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/88a58cd/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2d%2Fa7%2Fdb0facf241ea80893eaaecaaee28%2Fbricks-with-artificially-created-flaws-alongside-bricks-repaired-using-the-bacteria-filled-slurry.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ca5a87f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2d%2Fa7%2Fdb0facf241ea80893eaaecaaee28%2Fbricks-with-artificially-created-flaws-alongside-bricks-repaired-using-the-bacteria-filled-slurry.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/fc529bb/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2d%2Fa7%2Fdb0facf241ea80893eaaecaaee28%2Fbricks-with-artificially-created-flaws-alongside-bricks-repaired-using-the-bacteria-filled-slurry.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/bacteria-cracks-bricks-lunar-soil-moon-iisc/" data-cms-ai="0">Bacteria could fill cracks in bricks made from lunar soil on the Moon </a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 06, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/abhimanyu-ghoshal/" data-cms-ai="0">Abhimanyu Ghoshal</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">We're going to be on the Moon more often soon, and we'll need places to rest and work there. Building habitats and maintaining them will be tough, but bacteria could come to the rescue by helping repair cracked bricks made from lunar soil.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/pomegranate-peels-edible-strawberry-preserving-coating/"aria-label="Pomegranate peels put to use as an edible strawberry-saving coating" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="A test-pilot strawberry gets dunked in the pomegranate extract coating" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/1e0a8c3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/957x638+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F79%2F31%2Ffc50a5304422b428d9a352dc02f9%2Fedible-biofilm.jpeg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/688c4fc/2147483647/strip/true/crop/957x638+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F79%2F31%2Ffc50a5304422b428d9a352dc02f9%2Fedible-biofilm.jpeg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/0b882ae/2147483647/strip/true/crop/957x638+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F79%2F31%2Ffc50a5304422b428d9a352dc02f9%2Fedible-biofilm.jpeg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3c55976/2147483647/strip/true/crop/957x638+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F79%2F31%2Ffc50a5304422b428d9a352dc02f9%2Fedible-biofilm.jpeg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/508b2d6/2147483647/strip/true/crop/957x638+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F79%2F31%2Ffc50a5304422b428d9a352dc02f9%2Fedible-biofilm.jpeg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/9d7e234/2147483647/strip/true/crop/957x638+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F79%2F31%2Ffc50a5304422b428d9a352dc02f9%2Fedible-biofilm.jpeg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/2430e60/2147483647/strip/true/crop/957x638+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F79%2F31%2Ffc50a5304422b428d9a352dc02f9%2Fedible-biofilm.jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">Science</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/pomegranate-peels-edible-strawberry-preserving-coating/" data-cms-ai="0">Pomegranate peels put to use as an edible strawberry-saving coating</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 06, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">If you've ever eaten a pomegranate, you'll know that a great deal of the fruit is composed of its thick skin – which simply gets thrown away. Soon, however, that skin could be used in an edible coating which will help keep strawberries from spoiling.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/semi-hydraulic-legs-splendid-peacock-spider/"aria-label="Aussie jumping spiders pull more gs than a fighter pilot" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Put your third legs up if your semi-hydraulic system means you can jump crazy distances!" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/dbd249b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1689x1126+156+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F67%2F35%2F963472c04b1488cd6cbf92ab3860%2Foriginal.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e4ea86f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1689x1126+156+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F67%2F35%2F963472c04b1488cd6cbf92ab3860%2Foriginal.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/2f01f8e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1689x1126+156+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F67%2F35%2F963472c04b1488cd6cbf92ab3860%2Foriginal.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c38f161/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1689x1126+156+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F67%2F35%2F963472c04b1488cd6cbf92ab3860%2Foriginal.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a9d64e2/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1689x1126+156+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F67%2F35%2F963472c04b1488cd6cbf92ab3860%2Foriginal.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ac58a31/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1689x1126+156+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F67%2F35%2F963472c04b1488cd6cbf92ab3860%2Foriginal.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/d7981ad/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1689x1126+156+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F67%2F35%2F963472c04b1488cd6cbf92ab3860%2Foriginal.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/semi-hydraulic-legs-splendid-peacock-spider/" data-cms-ai="0">Aussie jumping spiders pull more gs than a fighter pilot</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 05, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/paul-mcclure/" data-cms-ai="0">Paul McClure</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Scientists have discovered how an Australian jumping spider's semi-hydraulics allows it to speed jump long distances with precision while experiencing g-forces higher than those of fighter pilots. Their insights might help robotics research.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/3d-printed-skin-replace-animal-testing-cosmetics/"aria-label="3D-printed skin could replace animal testing for cosmetics" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="A small 3D-printed structure made of optimized hydrogel, which could soon be used as a skin imitation to test cosmetics" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/6ef643f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F94%2F15%2F458a65654d88a427a2d4c0107059%2Fa-small-3d-printed-structure-made-of-optimized-hydrogel-which-could-soon-be-used-as-a-skin-imitation-to-test-cosmetics.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/fc81ce4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F94%2F15%2F458a65654d88a427a2d4c0107059%2Fa-small-3d-printed-structure-made-of-optimized-hydrogel-which-could-soon-be-used-as-a-skin-imitation-to-test-cosmetics.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/2ca17c5/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F94%2F15%2F458a65654d88a427a2d4c0107059%2Fa-small-3d-printed-structure-made-of-optimized-hydrogel-which-could-soon-be-used-as-a-skin-imitation-to-test-cosmetics.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/9af79b9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F94%2F15%2F458a65654d88a427a2d4c0107059%2Fa-small-3d-printed-structure-made-of-optimized-hydrogel-which-could-soon-be-used-as-a-skin-imitation-to-test-cosmetics.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/6924e69/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F94%2F15%2F458a65654d88a427a2d4c0107059%2Fa-small-3d-printed-structure-made-of-optimized-hydrogel-which-could-soon-be-used-as-a-skin-imitation-to-test-cosmetics.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/824f897/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F94%2F15%2F458a65654d88a427a2d4c0107059%2Fa-small-3d-printed-structure-made-of-optimized-hydrogel-which-could-soon-be-used-as-a-skin-imitation-to-test-cosmetics.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/bda676f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F94%2F15%2F458a65654d88a427a2d4c0107059%2Fa-small-3d-printed-structure-made-of-optimized-hydrogel-which-could-soon-be-used-as-a-skin-imitation-to-test-cosmetics.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">Science</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/3d-printed-skin-replace-animal-testing-cosmetics/" data-cms-ai="0">3D-printed skin could replace animal testing for cosmetics</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 04, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/abhimanyu-ghoshal/" data-cms-ai="0">Abhimanyu Ghoshal</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">While we're making progress in phasing out animal testing in the cosmetics industry around the world, there's still a ways to go in developing reliable alternatives. 3D-printed 'imitation skin' could be the ticket.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/beach-gold-new-zealand/"aria-label="World first: Stunning beach gold captured in magnificent detail" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="The stunning speckles hidden in plain sight on New Zealand beaches" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/68b87d9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4272x2848+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F3c%2Fc5a829b844979c0e028795e33f62%2Fimage-22.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/7e04fc8/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4272x2848+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F3c%2Fc5a829b844979c0e028795e33f62%2Fimage-22.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c07455d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4272x2848+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F3c%2Fc5a829b844979c0e028795e33f62%2Fimage-22.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/0c33898/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4272x2848+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F3c%2Fc5a829b844979c0e028795e33f62%2Fimage-22.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3571f81/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4272x2848+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F3c%2Fc5a829b844979c0e028795e33f62%2Fimage-22.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3072479/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4272x2848+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F3c%2Fc5a829b844979c0e028795e33f62%2Fimage-22.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c73e279/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4272x2848+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe9%2F3c%2Fc5a829b844979c0e028795e33f62%2Fimage-22.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/beach-gold-new-zealand/" data-cms-ai="0">World first: Stunning beach gold captured in magnificent detail</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 04, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/bronwyn-thompson/" data-cms-ai="0">Bronwyn Thompson</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Step aside, golden beaches – New Zealand has stretches of sand sparkling with real gold. And with this, scientists have been able to assemble the world's first atlas of highly detailed beach gold found along the country's South Island coastline.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/elephant-skin-mycelium-tiles/"aria-label=""Elephant skin" mycelium tiles keep buildings chilled – and look cool, too" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="The hexagonal tiles would make an eye-catching facade" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3f5077d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2b%2F4f%2F436cdc2e4404b58c6c100960856f%2Fimage-2.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/50f6cab/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2b%2F4f%2F436cdc2e4404b58c6c100960856f%2Fimage-2.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/5237d1e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2b%2F4f%2F436cdc2e4404b58c6c100960856f%2Fimage-2.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/f0ceb87/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2b%2F4f%2F436cdc2e4404b58c6c100960856f%2Fimage-2.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ec4c05b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2b%2F4f%2F436cdc2e4404b58c6c100960856f%2Fimage-2.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/4b1b033/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2b%2F4f%2F436cdc2e4404b58c6c100960856f%2Fimage-2.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ae5c98e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F2b%2F4f%2F436cdc2e4404b58c6c100960856f%2Fimage-2.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/elephant-skin-mycelium-tiles/" data-cms-ai="0">"Elephant skin" mycelium tiles keep buildings chilled – and look cool, too</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 04, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/bronwyn-thompson/" data-cms-ai="0">Bronwyn Thompson</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Oyster mushrooms and bits of bamboo sound more at home on a Chinese menu than stuck to the wall, but scientists have used this mix to make aesthetically pleasing tiles with bumps and textures that help regulate temperature much like elephant skin does.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/corpse-flower-diversity/"aria-label="Iconic "rotting flesh" plant is in some serious trouble" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="A corpse flower in a botanical garden "living collection" in Zurich, Switzerland" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/7176be8/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5568x3712+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe5%2Fa5%2F068c6050424a91a0b4dd10ce08ed%2Fdepositphotos-660020078-xl.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/9a8f49c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5568x3712+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe5%2Fa5%2F068c6050424a91a0b4dd10ce08ed%2Fdepositphotos-660020078-xl.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/43693ac/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5568x3712+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe5%2Fa5%2F068c6050424a91a0b4dd10ce08ed%2Fdepositphotos-660020078-xl.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/d1503af/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5568x3712+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe5%2Fa5%2F068c6050424a91a0b4dd10ce08ed%2Fdepositphotos-660020078-xl.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/1098187/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5568x3712+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe5%2Fa5%2F068c6050424a91a0b4dd10ce08ed%2Fdepositphotos-660020078-xl.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/40898c6/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5568x3712+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe5%2Fa5%2F068c6050424a91a0b4dd10ce08ed%2Fdepositphotos-660020078-xl.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/9926337/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5568x3712+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe5%2Fa5%2F068c6050424a91a0b4dd10ce08ed%2Fdepositphotos-660020078-xl.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/corpse-flower-diversity/" data-cms-ai="0">Iconic "rotting flesh" plant is in some serious trouble</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 04, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/bronwyn-thompson/" data-cms-ai="0">Bronwyn Thompson</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">You don't often find crowds flocking to take in the pungent scent of rotting flesh, yet that's just what happens when a corpse flower blooms at a public garden. But this iconic endangered plant is now facing a new threat – our aversion to paperwork.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/amazon-rival-starlink-2025-satellite-project-kuiper/"aria-label="Amazon gears up to rival Starlink this year with a satellite launch" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Amazon is launching the first 27 of more than 3,200 satellites that will power its Project Kuiper internet service next week aboard a ULA rocket" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/402c77c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F1c%2Feb58f5c74559baa03a1ef175cc69%2Famazon-is-launching-the-first-27-of-more-than-3-200-satellites-that-will-power-its-project-kuiper-internet-service-next-week-aboard-a-ula-rocket.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/9e09f01/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F1c%2Feb58f5c74559baa03a1ef175cc69%2Famazon-is-launching-the-first-27-of-more-than-3-200-satellites-that-will-power-its-project-kuiper-internet-service-next-week-aboard-a-ula-rocket.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/07e5de0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F1c%2Feb58f5c74559baa03a1ef175cc69%2Famazon-is-launching-the-first-27-of-more-than-3-200-satellites-that-will-power-its-project-kuiper-internet-service-next-week-aboard-a-ula-rocket.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/741f40e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F1c%2Feb58f5c74559baa03a1ef175cc69%2Famazon-is-launching-the-first-27-of-more-than-3-200-satellites-that-will-power-its-project-kuiper-internet-service-next-week-aboard-a-ula-rocket.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/017fafe/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F1c%2Feb58f5c74559baa03a1ef175cc69%2Famazon-is-launching-the-first-27-of-more-than-3-200-satellites-that-will-power-its-project-kuiper-internet-service-next-week-aboard-a-ula-rocket.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/070bf75/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F1c%2Feb58f5c74559baa03a1ef175cc69%2Famazon-is-launching-the-first-27-of-more-than-3-200-satellites-that-will-power-its-project-kuiper-internet-service-next-week-aboard-a-ula-rocket.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/2cc05d8/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1200x800+0+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F26%2F1c%2Feb58f5c74559baa03a1ef175cc69%2Famazon-is-launching-the-first-27-of-more-than-3-200-satellites-that-will-power-its-project-kuiper-internet-service-next-week-aboard-a-ula-rocket.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/amazon-rival-starlink-2025-satellite-project-kuiper/" data-cms-ai="0">Amazon gears up to rival Starlink this year with a satellite launch</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 03, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/abhimanyu-ghoshal/" data-cms-ai="0">Abhimanyu Ghoshal</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Amazon is launching 27 satellites into Low Earth Orbit next week, kicking off its years-in-the-making plan to set up a massive constellation and deliver internet access anywhere on the globe – similar to SpaceX's Starlink service.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/nasa-uses-force-field-on-moon-sweep-away-deadly-dust/"aria-label="NASA uses force field on Moon to sweep away deadly dust" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Apollo 17 Mission Commander Gene Cernan covered in lunar dust" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/583cce7/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1123x749+0+48/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6e%2Fd7%2Fa29952db4f4ca59004d3f1c87e54%2Fscreenshot-2025-04-01-211913.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c745a9a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1123x749+0+48/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6e%2Fd7%2Fa29952db4f4ca59004d3f1c87e54%2Fscreenshot-2025-04-01-211913.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/2c2127b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1123x749+0+48/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6e%2Fd7%2Fa29952db4f4ca59004d3f1c87e54%2Fscreenshot-2025-04-01-211913.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/98298a9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1123x749+0+48/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6e%2Fd7%2Fa29952db4f4ca59004d3f1c87e54%2Fscreenshot-2025-04-01-211913.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/bb6c1f0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1123x749+0+48/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6e%2Fd7%2Fa29952db4f4ca59004d3f1c87e54%2Fscreenshot-2025-04-01-211913.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/2795202/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1123x749+0+48/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6e%2Fd7%2Fa29952db4f4ca59004d3f1c87e54%2Fscreenshot-2025-04-01-211913.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c28b43e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1123x749+0+48/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6e%2Fd7%2Fa29952db4f4ca59004d3f1c87e54%2Fscreenshot-2025-04-01-211913.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/nasa-uses-force-field-on-moon-sweep-away-deadly-dust/" data-cms-ai="0">NASA uses force field on Moon to sweep away deadly dust</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 01, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/david-szondy/" data-cms-ai="0">David Szondy</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">NASA has successfully tested an electric force field on the Moon that protects spacecraft from destructive lunar dust. The Electrodynamic Dust Shield (EDS) was carried aboard Firefly Aerospace’s Blue Ghost Mission 1, whose mission ended on March 16.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/mudball-meteorite-aguas-zarcas/"aria-label=""Mudball meteorite" spent 2 million years avoiding collision – until Earth" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="This 146-gram (5.15-ounce) stone is on loan to the Buseck Center for Meteorite Studies from Michael Farmer" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3601f1b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1196x797+2+0/resize/220x147!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F51%2Fb4%2Fb1c1c1f54e1b8b5b3980b1c4b1b9%2Faguas-zarcas-meteorite-1200px.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3c52d22/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1196x797+2+0/resize/265x177!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F51%2Fb4%2Fb1c1c1f54e1b8b5b3980b1c4b1b9%2Faguas-zarcas-meteorite-1200px.jpg 265w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/f9ddb7a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1196x797+2+0/resize/390x260!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F51%2Fb4%2Fb1c1c1f54e1b8b5b3980b1c4b1b9%2Faguas-zarcas-meteorite-1200px.jpg 390w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e28d472/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1196x797+2+0/resize/440x293!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F51%2Fb4%2Fb1c1c1f54e1b8b5b3980b1c4b1b9%2Faguas-zarcas-meteorite-1200px.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/00b585d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1196x797+2+0/resize/650x433!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F51%2Fb4%2Fb1c1c1f54e1b8b5b3980b1c4b1b9%2Faguas-zarcas-meteorite-1200px.jpg 650w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e0ee9ed/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1196x797+2+0/resize/800x533!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F51%2Fb4%2Fb1c1c1f54e1b8b5b3980b1c4b1b9%2Faguas-zarcas-meteorite-1200px.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c182ce4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1196x797+2+0/resize/720x480!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F51%2Fb4%2Fb1c1c1f54e1b8b5b3980b1c4b1b9%2Faguas-zarcas-meteorite-1200px.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 387px, 90vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </div> <h3 class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/space/mudball-meteorite-aguas-zarcas/" data-cms-ai="0">"Mudball meteorite" spent 2 million years avoiding collision – until Earth</a> </h3> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 01, 2025 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/bronwyn-thompson/" data-cms-ai="0">Bronwyn Thompson</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">One of the most studied space rocks of all time has surprised us again, with the "mudball meteorite" Aguas Zarcas having cruised around the solar system for two million years without as much as a scratch. It defies the "fragile" class it belongs to.</div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="ListE-nextPage" data-list-loadmore-pagination> <span class="Link" data-href="?00000177-dcdc-dffd-a977-defe51e20000-page=2" rel="nofollow">Load More</span> </div> </ps-list-loadmore> </div> </div> </div> </main> <aside class="Page-aside"><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_1"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_1"></div></div><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_2"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_2"></div></div><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_3"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_3"></div></div><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_4"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_4"></div></div></aside> </div> </div> <div class="Page-below" > <div class="Page-below-content"><div id="taboola-below-category-thumbnails"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({container: 'taboola-below-category-thumbnails', mode: 'thumbnails-b', placement: 'Below Category Thumbnails', target_type: 'mix' }); </script><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_footer"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_footer"></div></div></div> </div> <footer class="Page-footer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter"> <div class="Page-footer-body"> <div class="Page-footer-columns"> <div class="Page-footer-column"> <div class="Page-footer-logo"><a class="PageLogo" aria-label="Home page" href="/" data-cms-ai="0" > <img src="https://assets.newatlas.com/83/34/3496805e4803b1046abf85156eb9/newatlas-logo-no-arc-tight-1.svg" alt="New Atlas Logo" width="252" height="35" /></a> </div> <div class="Page-footer-content"> <div class="PromoButton" data-content-type="oneOffPage" data-no-media> <div class="PromoButton-description"><h2>FREE NEWSLETTER</h2><br>Over 190,000 people receive our email newsletter. Get your daily dose of extraordinary ideas!</div> <div class="PromoButton-cta"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/newsletter-subscription/"aria-label="Subscribe" data-cms-ai="0">Subscribe</a> </div> </div><div class="PromoAutoHeight" data-content-type="external"> <div class="PromoAutoHeight-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqBggKMPKAPjC7MA?hl=en-IE&gl=IE&ceid=IE%3Aen" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Google News Logo" width="200" height="54" data-image-size="promoMediumAutoHeight" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/5b8b178/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/350x95!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif 350w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/d81672b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/420x113!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif 420w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/d29cfbf/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/840x227!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif 840w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/f25f478/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/1680x454!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif 1680w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e04b8bb/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/200x54!/format/webp/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif" sizes="200px" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoAutoHeight-content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Page-footer-column"> <div class="Page-footer-navigation"> <nav class="FooterNavigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="FooterNavigation-items"> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/" data-cms-ai="0">HOME</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/subscribe/" data-cms-ai="0">SUBSCRIBE</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tag/features/" data-cms-ai="0">FEATURES </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/reviews/" data-cms-ai="0">REVIEWS</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/about" data-cms-ai="0">ABOUT</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/advertise/" data-cms-ai="0">ADVERTISE</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/termsofuse/" data-cms-ai="0">TERMS</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/privacy/" data-cms-ai="0">PRIVACY</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/contact/" data-cms-ai="0">CONTACT</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/rss" data-cms-ai="0">RSS</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/faq/" data-cms-ai="0">FAQ</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">SCIENCE</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/quantum-computing/" data-cms-ai="0">Quantum Computing</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">TECHNOLOGY</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/computers/" data-cms-ai="0">Computers</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/drones/" data-cms-ai="0">Drones</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/home-entertainment/" data-cms-ai="0">Home Entertainment</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/music/" data-cms-ai="0">Music </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/telecommunications/" data-cms-ai="0">Telecommunications</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/vr/" data-cms-ai="0">Virtual Reality</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">TRANSPORT</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">LIFESTYLE</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/around-the-home/" data-cms-ai="0">Around the Home </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/children/" data-cms-ai="0">Children </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/collectibles/" data-cms-ai="0">Collectibles</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/pets/" data-cms-ai="0">Pets</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/remarkable-people/" data-cms-ai="0">Remarkable People </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/new-atlas-20/" data-cms-ai="0">20th Anniversary</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">BODY & MIND</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-ai/" data-cms-ai="0">AI in Health</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/imaging-diagnostics/" data-cms-ai="0">Imaging & Diagnostics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-devices/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Devices</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/psychedelics/" data-cms-ai="0">Psychedelics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aging/" data-cms-ai="0">Aging Well</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/diet-nutrition/" data-cms-ai="0">Diet & Nutrition</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/fitness/" data-cms-ai="0">Fitness & Exercise</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/sleep/" data-cms-ai="0">Sleep</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Page-footer-social"><div class="SocialBar"> <div class="SocialBar-heading">Follow Us</div> <ul class="SocialBar-items"> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://twitter.com/nwtls" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-twitter"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">twitter</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.instagram.com/new.atlas/" target="_blank" data-social-service="instagram" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-instagram"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">instagram</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.pinterest.com/newatlasdotcom" target="_blank" data-social-service="pinterest" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-pinterest"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">pinterest</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://flipboard.com/@NewAtlas" target="_blank" data-social-service="flipboard" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-flipboard"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">flipboard</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.facebook.com/nwtls" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-facebook"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">facebook</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/new-atlas/" target="_blank" data-social-service="linkedin" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-linkedin"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">linkedin</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="Page-footer-disclaimer">© 2025 New Atlas</div> </div> </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ flush: true }); </script><noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TGZ8Q3J" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <script src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/_resource/brightspot/analytics/search/SiteSearchAnalytics.5eb1a8a326b06970c71b3a253fbeaa64.gz.js" data-bsp-contentid="0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe410000"></script><span data-bsp-pv="ba7d9749-a9b7-3050-86ad-15e1b9f4be7d"></span><span data-bsp-pv="0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe410000"></span><script data-bsp-site="0000016b-72ef-d7aa-a5ff-7eef529e0000" data-bsp-contentid="0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe410000"></script><script data-bsp-site="0000016b-72ef-d7aa-a5ff-7eef529e0000" data-bsp-contentid="0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe410000" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/_resource/analytics/bsp-analytics.min.686c87a3ca6667675841641b91fc7fe6.gz.js"></script></body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Science - New Atlas